Journal articles: 'Flash graphene'

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Hong, Augustin J., Emil B. Song, Hyung Suk Yu, et al. "Graphene Flash Memory." ACS Nano 5, no. 10 (2011): 7812–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn201809k.

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Stanford, Michael G., Ksenia V. Bets, Duy X. Luong, et al. "Flash Graphene Morphologies." ACS Nano 14, no. 10 (2020): 13691–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c05900.

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Bardarov, Ivo, Desislava Yordanova Apostolova, Maris Minna Mathew, Miha Nosan, Pedro Farinazzo Bergamo Dias Martins, and Bostjan Genorio. "Flash Graphene: a Sustainable Prospect for Electrocatalysis." Acta Chimica Slovenica 71, no. 4 (2024): 541–57. https://doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2024.8794.

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The increasing demand for sustainable and efficient energy conversion technologies requires ongoing exploration of new materials and methods. Flash Joule Heating (FJH) emerges as a promising technique for large-scale graphene production, boasting advantages over conventional methods. FJH rapidly heats carbon-based precursors to extreme temperatures using high electric currents, forming flash graphene upon rapid cooling. This approach offers rapid processing, high throughput, and can utilize diverse carbon sources, including biomass and waste, making it sustainable and cost-effective. Moreover, it generates minimal waste and yields flash graphene with enhanced conductivity, crucial for energy applications. FJH’s scalability, versatility, and efficiency position it as a key method for commercializing graphene across industries, particularly in energy conversion. This review comprehensively discusses FJH synthesis principles, emphasizing efficiency, scalability, and sustainability. Additionally, it analyzes recent advancements in flash graphene-based electrocatalysts, exploring their impact on renewable energy and sustainable electrocatalysis. Challenges and opportunities are addressed, outlining future research directions. Continued advancements hold immense potential to revolutionize graphene production and integrate it into next-generation energy systems, driving the transition towards cleaner energy solutions.

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Edward, Kaamil, Kabir Mamun, Sumesh Narayan, Mansour Assaf, David Rohindra, and Upaka Rathnayake. "State-of-the-Art Graphene Synthesis Methods and Environmental Concerns." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2023 (February 2, 2023): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8475504.

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Graphene, a 2D sp2 hybridized carbon sheet consisting of a honeycomb network, is the building block of graphite. Since its discovery in 2004, graphene’s exceptional electronic and mechanical properties have peaked interest in various applications. However, the inability to mass produce high-quality graphene affordably currently limits the practical application of the material. Researchers are continuously working on advancing graphene synthesis methods to alleviate these limitations. Therefore, this review looks at the overview of established graphene synthesis methods and characterization techniques, and then highlights an in-depth review of graphene production through flash joule heating. The environmental concerns related to graphene synthesis are also presented in this review paper.

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Advincula, Paul A., Duy Xuan Luong, Weiyin Chen, Shivaranjan Raghuraman, Rouzbeh Shahsavari, and James M. Tour. "Flash graphene from rubber waste." Carbon 178 (June 2021): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2021.03.020.

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Algozeeb, Wala A., Paul E. Savas, Duy Xuan Luong, et al. "Flash Graphene from Plastic Waste." ACS Nano 14, no. 11 (2020): 15595–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c06328.

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Novikov, Yu N., V. A. Gritsenko, G. Ya Krasnikov, and O. M. Orlov. "Multilayer graphene-based flash memory." Russian Microelectronics 45, no. 1 (2016): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063739715060050.

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Subkhankulov, Vadim R., Ilshat Kh Saitov, Oleg L. Ryzhikov, and Mikhail Yu Dolomatov. "MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR GRAPHENE AND GRAPHENE-BASED COMPOUNDS PRODUCTION." Oil and Gas Business, no. 3 (June 7, 2024): 141–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2024-3-141-162.

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Here are presented different ways for synthesis of graphene, graphene oxide and turbostratic graphene, including chemical vapor deposition, mechanical and chemical exfoliation methods and their modifications, epitaxial growth and laser synthesis. Their main advantages and disadvantages are presented. Special attention is given to a novel way for turbostratic graphene production by flash pyrolysis in electrical impulse discharge. Finally compared main physical properties of graphene and its compounds produced using different production methods.

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Novikov, Yu N., and V. A. Gritsenko. "New multilayer graphene-based flash memory." Materials Research Express 6, no. 10 (2019): 106306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab3992.

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Zhan, Ning, Mario Olmedo, Guoping Wang, and Jianlin Liu. "Graphene based nickel nanocrystal flash memory." Applied Physics Letters 99, no. 11 (2011): 113112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3640210.

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Mahmood, Faisal, Christian Fabrice Magoua Mbeugang, Furqan Asghar, et al. "Understanding the Synthesis of Turbostratic/Flash Graphene via Joule Heating." Materials 18, no. 12 (2025): 2892. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18122892.

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The introduction of the Joule heating (JH) method for synthesizing turbostratic graphene has attracted considerable attention from researchers due to its promising potential for commercialization compared to earlier techniques. Numerous studies have outlined the technology’s basic operation and how parameters such as electric field, operating time, and temperature influence the quality and type of graphene produced. Despite this, there is still a lack of concise and comprehensive studies that exclusively focus on the JH method with turbostratic graphene as the target product. This review article is a facile attempt to provide the scientific community with an overview of the historical development and operational principles of Joule heating. It also discusses the structural and fundamental differences between turbostratic and conventional graphene, along with methodologies for characterizing turbostratic graphene. Furthermore, the synthesis mechanisms of turbostratic graphene via JH are analyzed, and the future perspectives for advancing this method are also presented.

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Mehta, Riddhi S., Kevin Enemuo, and Sydney Myers. "Spinal Cord Injury Repair Using Flash Graphene Based Treatments: A Literature Review." Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Science and Technology (URNCST) Journal 7, no. 11 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26685/urncst.526.

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Introduction: Spinal cord injury is a prominent neurological complication and is characterized by motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunction. It can cause paralysis depending on the area that is affected within the spinal cord. There have been many attempts to mitigate this condition and regeneration of neurons is one of the leading cures. Graphene is a carbon compound that is made from graphite. This unique one-atom layer is a versatile substance with potential uses in electronics due to its flexibility, conductance properties, and transparency. In the past, the creation of graphene was very expensive but now with the new technology of flash graphene, a method where carbon compounds are zapped into graphene flakes through flash heating, graphene is an accessible material for scaffolds to renew neurogenesis within spinal cord injury patients. Methods: A literature search was conducted using predetermined inclusion criteria and resulted in multiple primary research papers that presented research on graphene as a potential scaffolding agent for spinal cord injury. Results: Graphene based interfaces used within spinal cord injury have shown an increase in cell viability and neuron regeneration. These graphene interfaces do not create a disturbance in the electrical conductances that occur within the neuronal network. Graphene woven technology can also detect subtle muscle, which allows for quantifiable regeneration data. Discussion: With the creation of graphene, the carbon becomes fixed in a solid state and can be used as a conductor within electronics. Graphene usage within the body is not considered toxic as long as it is used within measured concentrations. This technology can be used to significantly impact how patients with spinal cord injury recover, potentially regaining use of their previously paralyzed limbs through neuron regeneration on graphene interfaces such as scaffolds or nanoplatelets.

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Bucă, Anca M., Mihai Oane, Ion N. Mihăilescu, Muhammad Arif Mahmood, Bogdan A. Sava, and Carmen Ristoscu. "An Analytical Multiple-Temperature Model for Flash Laser Irradiation on Single-Layer Graphene." Nanomaterials 10, no. 7 (2020): 1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10071319.

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A Multiple-Temperature Model is proposed to describe the flash laser irradiation of a single layer of graphene. Zhukovsky’s mathematical approach is applied to solve the Fourier heat equations based upon quantum concepts, including heat operators. Easy solutions were inferred with respect to classical mathematics. Thus, simple equations were set for the electrons and phonon temperatures in the case of flash laser treatment of a single layer of graphene. Our method avoids the difficulties and extensive time-consuming nonequilibrium green function method or quantum field theories when applied in a condensed matter. Simple expressions were deduced that could prove useful for researchers.

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Wu, Enxiu, Yuan Xie, Shijie Wang, Daihua Zhang, Xiaodong Hu, and Jing Liu. "Multi-level flash memory device based on stacked anisotropic ReS2–boron nitride–graphene heterostructures." Nanoscale 12, no. 36 (2020): 18800–18806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr03965a.

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Beckham, Jacob L., Kevin M. Wyss, Yunchao Xie, et al. "Machine Learning Guided Synthesis of Flash Graphene." Advanced Materials 34, no. 12 (2022): 2106506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202106506.

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Luong, Duy X., Ksenia V. Bets, Wala Ali Algozeeb, et al. "Gram-scale bottom-up flash graphene synthesis." Nature 577, no. 7792 (2020): 647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-1938-0.

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Bhardwaj, Ayush, Uzodinma Okoroanyanwu, and James J. Watkins. "Rapid Fabrication of Graphene Derived Micro-Supercapacitors on Flexible Substrates Using Millisecond Photothermal Flash Lamp Carbonization." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 12 (2022): 859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0112859mtgabs.

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Graphene offers excellent electrical conductivity and very high surface area, which holds great promise for energy storage applications including supercapacitors. Current preparation methods for graphene require relatively long processing times, extremely high temperatures within controlled atmospheres, and/or involve multi-step reactions that present challenges for high throughput fabrication of graphene-based devices. We report a novel photothermal route to large-scale production of graphene within milliseconds using a commercially available benzoxazine polymer and a high intensity xenon flash lamp on various substrates including carbon fiber, Kapton and stainless steel at ambient conditions. The xenon flash lamp provides large-area illumination and a wide emission band (300 nm –1100 nm) that was used to convert the polymeric material directly into graphene upon millisecond exposures. The absorption spectrum of the precursor overlaps well with the maxima of the xenon flash lamp emission spectrum. The precursor material is heated to extremely high temperatures in a fraction of a second – a duration that is much shorter than the timescale for thermal equilibrium. This enables the conversion of the polymeric material to graphene in air and at room temperature, and without thermally damaging the substrate. Characterization of these graphene composites revealed high porosity, excellent conductivity, and good adhesion. Using carbon fiber as the substrate, we prepared micro-supercapacitors exhibiting a very high areal capacitance of 3.2 mF/cm2. Furthermore, we utilized the mechanically and chemically stable graphene/carbon fiber composite as a substrate for the electrochemical deposition of MnO2 which boosted the energy storage capability of the device. The obtained pseudocapacitor has an exceptional capacitance of 300 mF/cm2 at 1mA/cm2. The device retained more than 88% of its capacitance after charging/discharging for 2000 cycles. The preparation of high-quality graphene via photothermal pyrolysis of appropriate precursors is amenable to roll-to-roll processing, and thus large-scale production of electrochemical energy storage devices can be enabled by this approach. Figure 1

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Bhardwaj, Ayush, Uzodinma Okoroanyanwu, and James J. Watkins. "Rapid, Large Area Fabrication of Porous Graphene Networks Using Photothermal Flash Lamp Carbonization for High Performance Supercapacitors." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 1 (2023): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-011448mtgabs.

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Graphene materials exhibit intriguing physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Remarkably high surface area and electrical conductivity make them excellent materials for energy storage applications, especially supercapacitors. The production of graphene requires relatively long processing times, extremely high temperatures within controlled atmospheres, and/or involves multi-step reactions that present challenges for high-throughput fabrication of energy storage devices. Moreover, supercapacitor devices fabricated using graphene suffer from low areal capacitance mainly due to the tortuous path of electrolytes in accessing the bulk of the material, which limits charge storage and transport throughout the thickness of the device. We have developed an efficient photothermal route to large-scale production of few-layer graphene within milliseconds from polymers using high intensity xenon flash lamp on carbon fiber at ambient conditions. The xenon flash lamp provides large-area illumination and a wide emission band (300 nm –1100 nm) that was used to convert the polymeric material directly into few-layer graphene upon millisecond exposures. Specifically, photothermally heating of polyaniline, a rod like polymer with a large absorption cross-section in the emission spectra of xenon flash lamp, led to the formation of macroporous network as shown in Figure 1a. Characterization revealed the formation of few layer graphene ( ID/IG ratio less than 0.3) with good adhesion to the carbon fiber support, enabling the formation of devices in-situ. We investigated the influence of morphology as well as graphene quality on the energy storage capabilities of the obtained devices as shown in Figure 1b. The supercapacitor devices prepared with macroporous few-layer graphene network exhibited a superior areal capacitance of 200 mF/cm2 at 10 mV/s which is an order of magnitude higher than few layer graphene with a conventional film like structure. Also, it retained more than 70% of its capacitance even after increasing the scan rate to 100 mV/s. Moreover, large area processability enabled by this photothermal approach allowed us to easily produce graphene-derived high-performance supercapacitor devices over areas greater than 100 cm2 (Figure 1c) within a few milliseconds at ambient conditions. Hence, this work provides an energy efficient and scalable route to produce high-quality few layer graphene devices with superior energy storage capabilities. Figure 1

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Dölle, Klaus, Lauren Purvis, Mingyu Cai, Chengyu Jin, and Puxi Qiu. "Graphene History, Technical Applications and Production: A Brief Review." Advances in Research 26, no. 1 (2025): 305–19. https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2025/v26i11255.

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The review paper gives a brief overview of the historical use of carbon materials like graphite and charcoal and graphene and its production. It reviews the application of graphene for industrial application such as energy storage, electronics, biomedical, and environmental fields, including and sustainable methods for producing graphene from waste products, addressing both the need for advanced materials and the growing problem of plastic pollution. It reviews various graphene production techniques such as catalytic carbonization, flash joule heating, and solid-state chemical vapor deposition for the production of graphene.

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Zahid, Mashhood, and Tomy Abuzairi. "Sustainable Graphene Production: Flash Joule Heating Utilizing Pencil Graphite Precursors." Nanomaterials 14, no. 15 (2024): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14151289.

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The production of graphene from cost-effective and readily available sources remains a significant challenge in materials science. This study investigates the potential of common pencil leads as precursors for graphene synthesis using the Flash Joule Heating (FJH) process. We examined 6H, 4B, and 14B pencil grades, representing different graphite-to-clay ratios, under varying voltages (0 V, 200 V, and 400 V) to elucidate the relationships among initial composition, applied voltage, and resulting graphene quality. Samples were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, electrical resistance measurements, and microscopic analysis. The results revealed grade-specific responses to applied voltages, with all samples showing decreased electrical resistance post-FJH treatment. Raman spectroscopy indicated significant structural changes, particularly in ID/IG and I2D/IG ratios, providing insights into defect density and layer stacking. Notably, the 14B pencil lead exhibited unique behavior at 400 V, with a decrease in the ID/IG ratio from 0.135 to 0.031 and an increase in crystallite size from 143 nm to 612 nm, suggesting potential in situ annealing effects. In contrast, harder grades (6H and 4B) showed increased defect density at higher voltages. This research contributes to the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly methods for graphene production, potentially opening new avenues for sustainable and scalable synthesis.

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Liu, W. J., L. Chen, P. Zhou, et al. "Chemical-Vapor-Deposited Graphene as Charge Storage Layer in Flash Memory Device." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6751497.

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We demonstrated a flash memory device with chemical-vapor-deposited graphene as a charge trapping layer. It was found that the average RMS roughness of block oxide on graphene storage layer can be significantly reduced from 5.9 nm to 0.5 nm by inserting a seed metal layer, which was verified by AFM measurements. The memory window is 5.6 V for a dual sweep of ±12 V at room temperature. Moreover, a reduced hysteresis at the low temperature was observed, indicative of water molecules or −OH groups between graphene and dielectric playing an important role in memory windows.

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Su, Xinghua, Zhihua Jiao, Gai An, Mengying Fu, Qiang Tian, and Xing Sun. "Flash sintering of alumina/reduced graphene oxide composites." Ceramics International 47, no. 19 (2021): 27267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.06.148.

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Sin Joo, Soong, Jungkil Kim, Soo Seok Kang, Sung Kim, Suk-Ho Choi, and Sung Won Hwang. "Graphene-quantum-dot nonvolatile charge-trap flash memories." Nanotechnology 25, no. 25 (2014): 255203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/25/25/255203.

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Wyss, Kevin M., Jacob L. Beckham, Weiyin Chen, et al. "Converting plastic waste pyrolysis ash into flash graphene." Carbon 174 (April 2021): 430–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2020.12.063.

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Wang, Lisa J., Maher F. El-Kady, Sergey Dubin, et al. "Flash Converted Graphene for Ultra-High Power Supercapacitors." Advanced Energy Materials 5, no. 18 (2015): 1500786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201500786.

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Im, Tae Hong, Dae Yong Park, Hwan Keon Lee, et al. "Xenon Flash Lamp-Induced Ultrafast Multilayer Graphene Growth." Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 34, no. 9 (2017): 1600429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.201600429.

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Koga, Hirotaka, Hidetsugu Tonomura, Masaya Nogi, Katsuaki Suganuma, and Yuta Nishina. "Fast, scalable, and eco-friendly fabrication of an energy storage paper electrode." Green Chemistry 18, no. 4 (2016): 1117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc01949d.

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A green and scalable strategy for fabrication of a reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/cellulose paper supercapacitor electrode is demonstrated by a combination of well-established papermaking and millisecond-timescale flash reduction.

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Bhardwaj, Ayush, Uzodinma Okoroanyanwu, Varun Pande, and James J. Watkins. "Rapid Fabrication of Porous Graphene Network Derived Using Photothermal Flash Lamp Processing for High Performance Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 9 (2022): 2507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0292507mtgabs.

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Graphene offers superior electrical conductivity and remarkable surface area, which holds great promise for electrochemical energy storage applications including supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries. Current preparation methods for graphene-like materials require relatively long processing times, extremely high temperatures within controlled atmospheres, and/or involve multi-step reactions that present challenges for high throughput fabrication of graphene-based devices. Moreover, supercapacitor devices fabricated using graphene typically exhibit low areal capacitance, which limits use of the devices. We report a photothermal route to large-scale production of graphene within milliseconds from polymers using high intensity xenon flash lamp on carbon fiber at ambient conditions. The xenon flash lamp provides large-area illumination and a wide emission band (300 nm –1100 nm) that was used to convert the polymeric material directly into graphene upon millisecond exposures. This photothermally heating of polymeric material led to the formation of macroporous few layer graphene-containing network with excellent conductivity, and good adhesion to the carbon fiber all of which facilitate the transport of ions through the material. The fabricated supercapacitor devices exhibited a very high areal capacitance of 200 mF/cm2 at 10 mV/s with retention of more than 70% of its capacitance even after increasing the scan rate to 100 mV/s. Anodes for lithium-ion batteries derived from porous graphene networks on carbon fiber resulted in the device with the performance of 170 mAh/g with mass loading as high as 12 mg/cm2 (including the mass of bare CF). The preparation of high-quality graphene via photothermal pyrolysis of polyaniline is amenable to high throughput processing, enabling large-scale production of electrochemical energy storage devices.

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Chahal, Sumit, Akhil K. Nair, Soumya Jyoti Ray, Jiabao Yi, Ajayan Vinu, and Prashant Kumar. "Microwave flash synthesis of phosphorus and sulphur ultradoped graphene." Chemical Engineering Journal 450 (December 2022): 138447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.138447.

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Yoo, Seol, Soo Yeon Jeong, Jae-Won Lee, et al. "Heavily nitrogen doped chemically exfoliated graphene by flash heating." Carbon 144 (April 2019): 675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.12.090.

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Li, Feng Xian, Shuang Ling Jin, Xiao Long Zhou, Rui Zhang, and Ming Lin Jin. "Preparation of Graphene-Containing Composite Film and the Research on its Thermal Conductivity." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.538.

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A smooth and flexible carbon film was prepared via liquid exfoliation method followed by liquid evaporation using the natural flake graphite as the starting material. The XRD and Raman results demonstrated that the obtained film is composed of chemically reduced graphene, graphene oxide and graphite. The thermal transport property of the as-obtained film was investigated by light flash measurements. It is found that the as-obtained graphene-containing composite film has a high in-plane thermal diffusivity (2157 m2/s), and the corresponding thermal conductivity (754 W/m K) is higher than the other metal and normal graphite materials, which is very promising for applications requiring 2D heat conduction.

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Xiao, Weiwei, Na Ni, Xiaohui Fan, Xiaofeng Zhao, Yingzheng Liu, and Ping Xiao. "Ambient flash sintering of reduced graphene oxide/zirconia composites: Role of reduced graphene oxide." Journal of Materials Science & Technology 60 (January 2021): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2020.04.051.

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Bhardwaj, Ayush, Uzodinma Okoroanyanwu, and James Watkins. "(Invited) Rapid, Large Area Preparation of Few-Layer Graphene Films Using Xenon Flash Lamp Pyrolysis for High-Performance Structural Micro-Supercapacitors." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 8 (2023): 1099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0181099mtgabs.

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Graphene offers excellent electrical conductivity and very high surface area, which holds great promise for energy storage applications including supercapacitors. Current preparation methods for graphene require relatively long processing times, extremely high temperatures within controlled atmospheres, and/or involve multi-step reactions that present challenges for high throughput fabrication of graphene-based energy storage devices. We report a novel photothermal route to large-scale production of graphene within milliseconds using a commercially available polymers (polybenzoxazine, polyacrylonitrile and polyaniline) and a high intensity xenon flash lamp on various substrates, including carbon fibers, at ambient conditions. The xenon flash lamp provides large-area illumination and a wide emission band (300 nm –1100 nm) that was used to convert the polymeric material directly into few layer graphene upon millisecond exposures. The precursor material is heated to extremely high temperatures in a fraction of a second – a duration that is much shorter than the timescale for thermal equilibrium. This enabled the conversion of the polymeric material into few layer graphene in air and at room temperature, and without thermally damaging the substrate. Conversion to few-layer graphene was strongly dependent on pulse energy and the local temperature which was controlled via pulse power modulation. The obtained graphene composites at optimized conditions exhibited excellent conductivity (0.1 ohm-cm) with ID/IG ratio of 0.3 (Figure 1a). Particularly, graphene derived from polyaniline resulted in the formation of macroporous network (Figure 1b) with good adhesion to the carbon fiber, all of which facilitate the transport of ions through the material. The fabricated supercapacitor devices exhibited a very high areal capacitance of 200 mF/cm2 at 10 mV/s with retention of more than 70% of their capacitance, even at scan rates up to 100 mV/s. Moreover, mechanically, and structurally stable graphene derived from polyaniline on carbon fiber was utilized for the preparation of structural energy storage devices. We assembled symmetric structural supercapacitor comprised of carbonaceous material (carbon fiber and few-layer graphene) and polymer gel electrolyte. This resulted in the preparation of large area device (40 cm2) as shown in the Figure 1c with the capacitance exceeding 2000 mF and almost complete retention of capacitance after 5000 cycles. The preparation of high-quality graphene via photothermal pyrolysis of polymer is amenable to high throughput processing, enabling large-scale production of high performance structural electrochemical energy storage devices. Figure 1

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Lewis, Jacob S., Timothy Perrier, Amirmahdi Mohammadzadeh, Fariborz Kargar, and Alexander A. Balandin. "Power Cycling and Reliability Testing of Epoxy-Based Graphene Thermal Interface Materials." C — Journal of Carbon Research 6, no. 2 (2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c6020026.

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We report on the lifespan evolution of thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity in curing epoxy-based thermal interface materials with graphene fillers. The performance and reliability of graphene composites have been investigated in up to 500 power cycling measurements. The tested composites were prepared with an epoxy resin base and randomly oriented fillers consisting of a mixture of few-layer and single-layer graphene. The power cycling treatment procedure was conducted with a custom-built setup, while the thermal characteristics were determined using the “laser flash” method. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of these composites do not degrade but instead improve with power cycling. Among all tested filled samples with different graphene loading fractions, an enhancement in the thermal conductivity values of 15% to 25% has been observed. The obtained results suggest that epoxy-based thermal interface materials with graphene fillers undergo an interesting and little-studied intrinsic performance enhancement, which can have important implications for the development of next-generation thermal interface materials.

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Qu, Dong, Fang Zhi Li, Hai Bin Zhang, et al. "Preparation of Graphene Nanosheets/Copper Composite by Spark Plasma Sintering." Advanced Materials Research 833 (November 2013): 276–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.833.276.

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Graphene nanosheets (GNS)/copper composite has been prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Microstructure of the sintered composite was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity properties are evaluated through laser flash apparatus and physical property measurement system. The obtained GNS/copper composite shows a layered structure. The GNS/copper composite prepared by SPS have an anisotropy of thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity.

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Li, Yan, Hang Ping, Tingge Dai, Weiwei Chen, and Pengjun Wang. "Nonvolatile silicon photonic switch with graphene based flash-memory cell." Optical Materials Express 11, no. 3 (2021): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.414427.

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Zhang, Huihui, Dan Yang, Tianyi Ma, Han Lin, and Baohua Jia. "Flash‐Induced Ultrafast Production of Graphene/MnO with Extraordinary Supercapacitance." Small Methods 5, no. 7 (2021): 2100225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202100225.

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Chae, Wongyu, Minha Kim, Donguk Kim, Jin-Hong Park, Wonseok Choi, and Jaehyeong Lee. "Photo-Reduction of Graphene Oxide by Using Photographic Flash-Light." Science of Advanced Materials 10, no. 1 (2018): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2018.2930.

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Antonova, I. V., I. A. Kotin, O. M. Orlov, and S. F. Devyatova. "Comparison of flash-memory elements using materials based on graphene." Technical Physics Letters 43, no. 10 (2017): 889–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063785017100029.

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Fele, Giuseppe, Mattia Biesuz, Paolo Bettotti, Rodrigo Moreno, and Vincenzo M. Sglavo. "Flash sintering of yttria-stabilized zirconia/graphene nano-platelets composite." Ceramics International 46, no. 14 (2020): 23266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.06.008.

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Liu, Guannan, Dong Liu, Junwu Zhu, Jili Wei, Wei Cui, and Shuiqing Li. "Energy conversion and ignition of fluffy graphene by flash light." Energy 144 (February 2018): 669–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.062.

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Liu, Yu-Qing, Jia-Nan Ma, Yan Liu, et al. "Facile fabrication of moisture responsive graphene actuators by moderate flash reduction of graphene oxides films." Optical Materials Express 7, no. 7 (2017): 2617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.7.002617.

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Potenza, M., A. Cataldo, G. Bovesecchi, S. Corasaniti, P. Coppa, and S. Bellucci. "Graphene nanoplatelets: Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity by the flash method." AIP Advances 7, no. 7 (2017): 075214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4995513.

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Sarkar, Kalyan Jyoti, K. Sarkar, B. Pal, and P. Banerji. "Graphene quantum dots as charge trap elements for nonvolatile flash memory." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 122 (November 2018): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2018.06.013.

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Leow, Yong Han Jerome, Patria Yun Xuan Lim, Sharon Xiaodai Lim, Jianfeng Wu, and Chorng-Haur Sow. "Nanosurfer flash-mobs: electric-field-choreographed silver migration on graphene oxide." Nanoscale Advances 1, no. 6 (2019): 2180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9na00151d.

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Han, Su-Ting, Ye Zhou, Prashant Sonar, et al. "Surface Engineering of Reduced Graphene Oxide for Controllable Ambipolar Flash Memories." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 7, no. 3 (2015): 1699–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am5072833.

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Neustroev, E. P., and A. R. Prokopev. "Fast Joule heating of carbon films formed by methane plasma deposition." Arctic and Subarctic Natural Resources 30, no. 1 (2025): 162–70. https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-1-162-170.

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Abstract:

The practical application of carbon nanomaterials drives the search for new methods of efficient synthesis. One promising approach is the production of graphene-like materials through fast (flash) Joule heating (or Ohmic heating) of a carbon-containing precursor. In this study, we investigated the effects of flash Joule heating on amorphous carbon films formed by deposition in methane plasma on Si/SiO2 substrates. Joule heating was conducted via electric discharge through samples from a capacitor block with a total capacitance of 180 mF, charged to voltages ranging from 100 to 300 V. We used various methods, including Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energydispersive spectroscopy, and current-voltage characteristics. The findings revealed that the most ordered structure is the carbon film subjected to fast Joule heating at a discharge voltage of 160 V. Furthermore, flash heating significantly enhances both the electrical conductivity and hydrophobicity of the material. The highest values were observed for carbon films after the discharge of a capacitor bank charged to 160 V. These results can be attributed to the transition of the initial amorphous carbon film to a crystalline structure characterized by a predominance of sp²-hybridized bonds, which exhibit low electrical resistance. The emergence of water-repellent properties can be explained by the “lotus effect, the formation of spherical particles up to 1 μm in size and their larger conglomerates on the film surface. These findings can be used to synthesize graphene-like nanomaterials with high hydrophobicity and electrical conductivity from amorphous carbon. Such materials are particularly relevant for the development of designs for all-weather unmanned aerial vehicles.

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Kang, Seok Hun, In Gyoo Kim, Bit-Na Kim, Ji Hwan Sul, Young Sun Kim, and In-Kyu You. "Facile Fabrication of Flexible In-Plane Graphene Micro-Supercapacitor via Flash Reduction." ETRI Journal 40, no. 2 (2018): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2017-0242.

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Reynard, Danick, Bhawna Nagar, and Hubert Girault. "Photonic Flash Synthesis of Mo2C/Graphene Electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction." ACS Catalysis 11, no. 9 (2021): 5865–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.1c00770.

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Frydendahl, Christian, S. R. K. Chaitanya Indukuri, Meir Grajower, Noa Mazurski, Joseph Shappir, and Uriel Levy. "Graphene Photo Memtransistor Based on CMOS Flash Memory Technology with Neuromorphic Applications." ACS Photonics 8, no. 9 (2021): 2659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.1c00664.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Flash graphene'

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