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Journal articles on the topic 'Flashback'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Wu, Hui-Yin, Michael Young, and Marc Christie. "A Cognitive-Based Model of Flashbacks for Computational Narratives." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 12, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v12i1.12873.

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The flashback is a well-known storytelling device used to invoke surprise, suspense, or fill in missing details in a story. Film literature provides a deeper and more complex grounding of flashbacks by explaining their role to stimulate the viewer's memory in order to guide and change viewer comprehension. Yet, in adapting flashback mechanisms to AI storytelling systems, existing approaches have not fully modelled the roles of a flashback event on the viewer's comprehension and memory. To expand the scope of AI generated stories, we propose a formal definition of flashbacks based on the identification of four different impacts on the viewer's beliefs. We then establish a cognitive model that can predict how viewers would perceive a flashback event. We finally design a user-evaluation to demonstrate that our model correctly predicts the effects of different flashbacks. This opens great opportunities for creating compelling and temporally complex interactive narratives grounded on cognitive models.

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2

Bourne, C., C. E. Mackay, and E. A. Holmes. "The neural basis of flashback formation: the impact of viewing trauma." Psychological Medicine 43, no. 7 (October 18, 2012): 1521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712002358.

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BackgroundPsychological traumatic events, such as war or road traffic accidents, are widespread. A small but significant proportion of survivors develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Distressing, sensory-based involuntary memories of trauma (henceforth ‘flashbacks’) are the hallmark symptom of PTSD. Understanding the development of flashbacks may aid their prevention. This work is the first to combine the trauma film paradigm (as an experimental analogue for flashback development) with neuroimaging to investigate the neural basis of flashback aetiology. We investigated the hypothesis that involuntary recall of trauma (flashback) is determined during the original event encoding.MethodA total of 22 healthy volunteers viewed a traumatic film whilst undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). They kept a 1-week diary to record flashbacks to specific film scenes. Using a novel prospective fMRI design, we compared brain activation for those film scenes that subsequently induced flashbacks with both non-traumatic control scenes and scenes with traumatic content that did not elicit flashbacks (‘potentials’).ResultsEncoding of scenes that later caused flashbacks was associated with widespread increases in activation, including in the amygdala, striatum, rostral anterior cingulate cortex, thalamus and ventral occipital cortex. The left inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral middle temporal gyrus also exhibited increased activation but only relative to ‘potentials’. Thus, these latter regions appeared to distinguish between traumatic content that subsequently flashed back and comparable content that did not.ConclusionsResults provide the first prospective evidence that the brain behaves differently whilst experiencing emotional events that will subsequently become involuntary memories – flashbacks. Understanding the neural basis of analogue flashback memory formation may aid the development of treatment interventions for this PTSD feature.

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3

Syropyatov, O. G., N. О. Dzeruzhynska, and К. Yu Marushchenko. "Flashback psychopathology in combatants with PTSD." Archives of psychiatry 25, no. 2 (June 19, 2019): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37822/2410-7484.2019.25.2.115-117.

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Background. Flashback is an artistic technique, primarily in cinema, with a temporary interruption of the narrative sequence in order to show some events in the past. In General psychopathology, flashback is an involuntary and unpredictable revival of traumatic experience through extraordinarily vivid memories lasting from a few seconds to several hours, during which veterans feel that a terrible reality from the past invades their real life. Subjectively, patients describe these conditions in the following phenomena: “war is in the eyes”, “I am here and not here”, scenes of death of a friend, scenes of violence. The boundaries between “that” and actual reality are blurred. Flashbacks are also observed when psychoactive substances are used – hallucinogens and stimulants, as well as alcohol. In narcology by flashback the occurrence of symptoms of intoxication after drug use cessation is meant. Flashbacks are also described in right-sided temporal lobe epilepsy, brain tumors, and other organic brain lesions. The literature suggests that flashbacks are a coping mechanism for coping with stress. At the same time, direct or symbolic reflection of the psychotrauma pattern in the content of recurrent memories is one of the main symptoms of diagnosis of psychogenic mental disorders. Wider psychopathological idea of the flashback evidence of nosological non-specificity of this phenomenon (Voloshin V. M., 2005; Alexander Yu. A., 2008; Zhmurov V. A., 2008; Krylov V. I., 2015). The diagnostic criteria for PTSD in ICD-10 do not distinguish flashback episodes from other mental disorders. In DSM-5, the flashback phenomenon is qualified as a dissociative episode and is considered along with reminiscences, illusions, hallucinations, meaningfully associated with recurrent experiences of psychotraumatic experiences, and is a diagnostic feature. Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate clinical and psychopathological features of flashbacks in the structure of PTSD in combatant soldiers. Materials and methods. Clinical follow-up examination of soldiers-combatants was conducted. With the system approach, we examined and selected according to the inclusion criteria 48combatants-servicemenof Armed Forces of Ukraine, males aged 31±0.7 years using the following study algorithm: 1) all respondents – combatants were tested using the Luscher test to screen for emotional disorders; 2) in the selected group of respondents with emotional disorders, a clinical and psychopathological study was further conducted with the additional use of the symptomatic questionnaire SCL-90-R (The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised) to clarify the main and additional symptoms of PTSD and comorbid psychopathological symptoms. Results. A study using ICD-11 revealed signs of PTSD in examined combatants. It is a disorder that develops after exposure to an extreme threatening or terrifying event or series of events, and is characterized by three “pivotal” manifestations: re-experiencing the traumatic event(s) at the present time in the form of vivid intrusive memories accompanied by fear or horror, flashbacks or nightmares; avoidance of thoughts and memories of the event, or avoidance of activities or situations that reminiscent of the event; a state of subjective sense of continuing threat in the form of hyper-alertness or increased reactions of fright. The revealed profile of symptoms was accompanied by additional permanent and widespread and persistent derangements of regulation, self-assessment and interpersonal functioning. For all combatants surveyed, a new diagnostic category of ICD-11 “Complex PTSD” was used. As noted by V. I. Krylov (2015), the symptoms of re-experiencing (flashbacks) are characterized by two main rows – obsessive and overvalued experiences. We also highlighted the different phenomenology of flashbacks, which have the following differences. First, the obsessive nature of reminiscences is observed in those memories that the patient wants to forget, the leading value in this case is the content of memories. Second, for intrusive ideas the focus is on intense affective images and pictures of psychotraumatic events. Third, retrospective self-analysis of the correctness of their behavior in a psychotraumatic situation has a leading place in obsessive doubts. Fourth, overvalued memories and views from the beginning are arbitrarily and are supported by “brothers in arms”. Overvalued experiences are egosyntonic and identify with personality. The opposite view of the aims and meaning of war causes aggression. “Heroization” of their behavior in military conditions takes place. Fifth, nightmares with scenes of war that end in awakenings or sleep inertia states with disorientation in place and time can be accompanied by aggressive actions. On the basis of phenomenological psychopathological analysis the main characteristics of the phenomenon of flashback were derived: 1) reflection of combat trauma in the content of re-experiencing; 2) spontaneous involuntary occurrence of re-experiencing without external provocation; 3) sensual richness of re-experiencing – visual images of flashback have a bright polychromatic character, auditory images are expressed, olfactory disorders are associated with combat experience (the smell of gunpowder, burning, blood); images of recurrent memories have a complete “military” plot; 4) re-experiencing are affectively saturated and repeat the feelings experienced by the combatant during the battle – it is fear, horror, expressed anxiety and bodily haptic sense of danger; 5) unlike epileptic phenomena, there is invariance of re-experiencing in psychogenic flashbacks. Thus, the classic version of flashback in PTSD is characterized by the following clinical and psychopathological features: sensoralized representations and eidetic images; monomodal images; partial immersion in painful experiences with the preservation of contact with reality; preservation of all kinds of orientation, the absence of amnesia during flashback. In psychotic PTSD, accompanied by confusion, which in foreign literature are considered “dissociative disorders”, there are signs of atypical flashback, requiring a different strategy of patient management. These are the following features: transformation of eidetic images into illusions and hallucinations; polymodality of images; full immersion in painful experiences with the loss of contact with real reality; violation of orientation in place and time; partial amnesia of real events. Conclusions. Phenomenological clinical and psychopathological analysis of flashbacks in PTSD allows not only to estimate the belonging of this disorder to combat mental pathology, but to carry out a differential diagnosis of this phenomenon for more effective assistance to military combatants.

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4

Garrett, Phoebe. "FORESHADOWING AND FLASHBACK: CHILDHOOD ANECDOTES IN SUETONIUS’ CAESARS." Classical Quarterly 69, no. 1 (May 2019): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838819000314.

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Suetonius’ Lives of the Caesars contain at least twenty discrete anecdotes about childhood (pueritia) and youth (iuuenta or adulescentia) spread across the Lives. Some characterize the Caesars by looking forwards (foreshadowing) and others do so by looking backwards (flashbacks). In both foreshadowing and flashback, the childhood anecdote shows continuity with the adult and creates the impression of lifelong consistency of character. The foreshadowing technique is also something other ancient biographers do; the flashback is something that appears to be unique to Suetonius. In this note I briefly consider the stories from childhood and youth that foreshadow character traits and themes of the rest of the Life, and then the flashbacks from the adulthood section of the Life that refer to childhood and youth in order to demonstrate vices of the grown adult. I show that the use of foreshadowing and flashbacks contributes to the appearance of a fully formed character in the child that will be consistent into adulthood, as well as facilitating the rubric system of arranging material by type rather than by time.

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5

Chamallas, Stanley N. "Flashback." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 64, no. 7 (April 1, 2007): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/br060006.

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6

Bean, Leonard W. "Flashback." Physics World 7, no. 3 (March 1994): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/7/3/26.

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7

&NA;. "Flashback." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 43, no. 6 (June 2001): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043764-200106000-00011.

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8

Durio, Sharon, and Janet Schneider. "Flashback." Journal of Consumer Health On the Internet 11, no. 4 (December 2007): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j381v11n04_05.

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9

Durand, Dorothée. "Flashback." Sociographe N° 79, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/graph1.079.0095.

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10

Boos, Kevin, David Chu, and Eduardo Cuervo. "FlashBack." GetMobile: Mobile Computing and Communications 20, no. 4 (April 18, 2017): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3081016.3081026.

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11

Cidon, Asaf, Kanthi Nagaraj, Sachin Katti, and Pramod Viswanath. "Flashback." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 42, no. 4 (September 24, 2012): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2377677.2377721.

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12

Bartsch, Joel A. "Flashback!" Rocks & Minerals 70, no. 5 (October 1995): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1995.9926636.

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13

Bartsch, Joel A. "Flashback!" Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 1 (January 1996): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.11761530.

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14

Bartsch, Joel A. "Flashback!" Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 5 (September 1996): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.11761547.

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15

Bartsch, Joel. "Flashback!" Rocks & Minerals 71, no. 6 (December 1, 1996): 376–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.1996.9925627.

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16

Lorusso, Fabrizio. "Flashback." Entretextos 11, no. 33 (December 6, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.59057/iberoleon.20075316.201933116.

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17

Gordejuela, Adriana. "Understanding retrospection: Blended joint attention and the multimodal construction of film flashbacks." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 28, no. 2 (May 2019): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947018815420.

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The analysis of film discourse from a multimodal and cognitive perspective has shown in recent years that such an approach to the study of cinema is a very fruitful one. Among the various cinematic techniques that may be analysed as pieces of multimodal discourse, the flashback seems to be particularly appealing because, while being very rich and versatile, it is also a fixed device and common enough in film as to be studied in a systematic way. Given those characteristics – formal variety alongside stability – a relevant question would be: how do spectators make sense of film retrospections? To address this question, this paper suggests an examination of the multimodal cues offered by flashbacks in three different films – Ordinary People (1980), Big Fish (2003) and The Help (2011) – and analyses the cognitive processes that those cues activate and which make the comprehension of the flashback possible. What lies at the basis of the flashback scenes proposed is a joint-attention triangle formed by the viewer and the camera, who look together, first at the character in the present and then at the events taking place in the past. Ultimately, such scenes can only be understood in terms of blended joint attention, and they also reveal the importance of other cognitive processes at work, namely time compression, viewpoint integration, and identity and analogy connections.

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18

Vaughan, Christopher. "Flashback Photography." Science News 134, no. 14 (October 1, 1988): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3972898.

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19

Chapin, Doug. "Mixed Flashback." Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics, and Policy 12, no. 2 (June 2013): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/elj.2013.1229.

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20

Chiao, May. "Stellar flashback." Nature Physics 10, no. 5 (April 30, 2014): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys2970.

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21

Hazirolan, Gulsen. "Fosfomycin: Flashback." Klimik Dergisi/Klimik Journal 33, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/kd.2020.46.

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22

Dawson, Ashley. "‘BOLLYWOOD FLASHBACK’." South Asian Popular Culture 3, no. 2 (October 2005): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14746680500234462.

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23

Mojalefa, M. J., and R. S. Phala. "The technique of flashback in selected Northern Sotho literary texts." Literator 26, no. 2 (July 31, 2005): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v26i2.228.

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This article aims at investigating and explaining the application of the technique of flashback in selected Northern Sotho literary texts. Five kinds of flashback are distinguished, namely external retrospection, internal retrospection, mixed retrospection, flashback to complicate events and flashback of similar events. These kinds of flashback have certain and specific functions, such as reminding readers of past events, foregrounding themes of the text, and so on. This technique is evident in a text when ordinary, everyday events turn out to be the key to surprising secrets that are revealed later. Though flashback seems to be similar to foreshadowing (prolepsis) in that both techniques contain features of repetition and the narration of a specific experience, the techniques, however, differ in that flashback focuses on the elements of secrecy, suspense and surprise, and foreshadowing does not. This article also reveals that a relationship between flashback and the structure of detective stories can be indicated.

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24

Endres, Aaron, and Thomas Sattelmayer. "Numerical Investigation of Pressure Influence on the Confined Turbulent Boundary Layer Flashback Process." Fluids 4, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids4030146.

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Boundary layer flashback from the combustion chamber into the premixing section is a threat associated with the premixed combustion of hydrogen-containing fuels in gas turbines. In this study, the effect of pressure on the confined flashback behaviour of hydrogen-air flames was investigated numerically. This was done by means of large eddy simulations with finite rate chemistry as well as detailed chemical kinetics and diffusion models at pressures between 0 . 5 and 3 . It was found that the flashback propensity increases with increasing pressure. The separation zone size and the turbulent flame speed at flashback conditions decrease with increasing pressure, which decreases flashback propensity. At the same time the quenching distance decreases with increasing pressure, which increases flashback propensity. It is not possible to predict the occurrence of boundary layer flashback based on the turbulent flame speed or the ratio of separation zone size to quenching distance alone. Instead the interaction of all effects has to be accounted for when modelling boundary layer flashback. It was further found that the pressure rise ahead of the flame cannot be approximated by one-dimensional analyses and that the assumptions of the boundary layer theory are not satisfied during confined boundary layer flashback.

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25

Fritz, J., M. Kro¨ner, and T. Sattelmayer. "Flashback in a Swirl Burner With Cylindrical Premixing Zone." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 126, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1473155.

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Flame flashback from the combustion chamber into the mixing zone is one of the inherent problems of lean premixed combustion and essentially determines the reliability of low NOx burners. Generally, flashback can be initiated by one of the following four phenomena: flashback due to the conditions in the boundary layer, flashback due to turbulent flame propagation in the core flow, flashback induced by combustion instabilities and flashback caused by combustion induced vortex breakdown. In this study, flashback in a swirling tubular flow was investigated. In order to draw maximum benefit from the tests with respect to the application in gas turbines, the radial distribution of the axial and circumferential momentum in the tube was selected such that the typical character of a flow in mixing zones of premix burners without centerbody was obtained. A single burner test rig has been designed to provoke flashback with the preheating temperature, the equivalence ratio and the mean flow rate being the influencing parameters. The flame position within the mixing section is detected by a special optical flame sensor array, which allows the control of the experiment and furthermore the triggering of the measurement techniques. The burning velocity of the fuel has been varied by using natural gas or hydrogen. The characteristics of the flashback, the unsteady swirling flow during the flame propagation, the flame dynamics and the reaction zones have been investigated by applying high-speed video recordings, the laser Doppler anemometry and the laser induced fluorescence. The presented results show that a combustion induced vortex breakdown is the dominating mechanism of the observed flashback. This mechanism is very sensitive to the momentum distribution in the vortex core. By adding axial momentum around the mixing tube axis, the circumferential velocity gradient is reduced and flashback can be prevented.

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Kro¨ner, M., J. Fritz, and T. Sattelmayer. "Flashback Limits for Combustion Induced Vortex Breakdown in a Swirl Burner." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 125, no. 3 (July 1, 2003): 693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1582498.

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Flame flashback from the combustion chamber into the mixing zone limits the reliability of swirl stabilized lean premixed combustion in gas turbines. In a former study, the combustion induced vortex breakdown (CIVB) has been identified as a prevailing flashback mechanism of swirl burners. The present study has been performed to determine the flashback limits of a swirl burner with cylindrical premixing tube without centerbody at atmospheric conditions. The flashback limits, herein defined as the upstream flame propagation through the entire mixing tube, have been detected by a special optical flame sensor with a high temporal resolution. In order to study the effect of the relevant parameters on the flashback limits, the burning velocity of the fuel has been varied using four different natural gas-hydrogen-mixtures with a volume fraction of up to 60% hydrogen. A simple approach for the calculation of the laminar flame speeds of these mixtures is proposed which is used in the next step to correlate the experimental results. In the study, the preheat temperature of the fuel mixture was varied from 100°C to 450°C in order to investigate influence of the burning velocity as well as the density ratio over the flame front. Moreover, the mass flow rate has been modified in a wide range as an additional parameter of technical importance. It was found that the quenching of the chemical reaction is the governing factor for the flashback limit. A Peclet number model was successfully applied to correlate the flashback limits as a function of the mixing tube diameter, the flow rate and the laminar burning velocity. Using this model, a quench factor can be determined for the burner, which is a criterion for the flashback resistance of the swirler and which allows to calculate the flashback limit for all operating conditions on the basis of a limited number of flashback tests.

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27

Jiang, Xudong, Yihao Tang, Zhaohui Liu, and Venkat Raman. "Computational Modeling of Boundary Layer Flashback in a Swirling Stratified Flame Using a LES-Based Non-Adiabatic Tabulated Chemistry Approach." Entropy 23, no. 5 (May 2, 2021): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23050567.

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When operating under lean fuel–air conditions, flame flashback is an operational safety issue in stationary gas turbines. In particular, with the increased use of hydrogen, the propagation of the flame through the boundary layers into the mixing section becomes feasible. Typically, these mixing regions are not designed to hold a high-temperature flame and can lead to catastrophic failure of the gas turbine. Flame flashback along the boundary layers is a competition between chemical reactions in a turbulent flow, where fuel and air are incompletely mixed, and heat loss to the wall that promotes flame quenching. The focus of this work is to develop a comprehensive simulation approach to model boundary layer flashback, accounting for fuel–air stratification and wall heat loss. A large eddy simulation (LES) based framework is used, along with a tabulation-based combustion model. Different approaches to tabulation and the effect of wall heat loss are studied. An experimental flashback configuration is used to understand the predictive accuracy of the models. It is shown that diffusion-flame-based tabulation methods are better suited due to the flashback occurring in relatively low-strain and lean fuel–air mixtures. Further, the flashback is promoted by the formation of features such as flame tongues, which induce negative velocity separated boundary layer flow that promotes upstream flame motion. The wall heat loss alters the strength of these separated flows, which in turn affects the flashback propensity. Comparisons with experimental data for both non-reacting cases that quantify fuel–air mixing and reacting flashback cases are used to demonstrate predictive accuracy.

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28

Vismann, Cornelia. "Flashback and Eyewitness." Parallax 14, no. 4 (October 2008): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13534640802416934.

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29

Burnett Hodd, Nigel F. "Flashback Torquay 1994." Journal of The British Contact Lens Association 17, no. 4 (January 1994): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-7037(94)80026-x.

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30

Zarzyski, Paul. "Light, Flashback, Flight." Prairie Schooner 77, no. 1 (2003): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/psg.2003.0043.

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31

Huang, Kai, Louis Benteux, Wenhu Han, and Damir M. Valiev. "Combined Impact of the Lewis Number and Thermal Expansion on Laminar Flame Flashback in Tubes." Fluids 9, no. 1 (January 19, 2024): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids9010028.

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The understanding of the boundary layer flame flashback (BLF) has considerably improved in recent decades, driven by the increasing focus on clean energy and the need to address the operational issues associated with flashback. This study investigates the influence of the Lewis number (Le) on symmetric flame shapes under the critical conditions for a laminar boundary layer flashback in cylindrical tubes. It has been found that the transformation of the flame shape from a mushroom to a tulip happens in a tube of a given radius, as the thermal expansion coefficient and Le are modified. A smaller Lewis number results in a local increase in the burning rate at the flame tip, with the flame being able to propagate closer to the wall, which significantly increases the flashback propensity, in line with previous findings. In cases with a Lewis number smaller than unity, a higher thermal expansion results in a flame propagation happening closer to the wall, thus facing a weaker oncoming flow and, consequently, becoming more prone to flashback. For Le > 1, the effect of the increase in the thermal expansion coefficient on the flashback tendency is much less pronounced.

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32

Wierzba, I., and K. Kar. "Flame Flashback Within Turbulent Streams of Lean Homogeneous Fuel Mixtures and Air." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 114, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905933.

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The flame flashback limit represents the minimum concentration of the fuel in the stream of homogeneous mixtures of fuel and air at which a flame can propagate upstream against the direction of the flow. Information about these limits is important in the assessment of the safety of operation in situations where a flowing homogeneous fuel-air mixture is present. The present work examines the flame flashback in turbulent homogeneous fuel-air streams with Reynolds number up to 16,000. The flashback limits were established for a number of common gaseous fuels, such as methane, propane, hydrogen, ethylene, and their binary mixtures. Taking into consideration the wide use of low heating value fuels, the effect of the presence of diluents (nitrogen and carbon dioxide) in the fuel on the flashback limit was also investigated. Correlations were proposed to calculate the flashback limits of fuel mixtures and their accuracy is discussed.

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33

Blomberg, Helena, and Jonas Stier. "Flashback as a Rhetorical Online Battleground: Debating the (Dis)guise of the Nordic Resistance Movement." Social Media + Society 5, no. 1 (January 2019): 205630511882333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305118823336.

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The right-wing Swedish Nordic Resistance Movement (NRM) is increasingly active on social media. Using discursive psychology, this text explores the rhetorical organization of text and rhetorical resources used on the Swedish online forum Flashback. The aim is to reveal and problematize truth claims about NRM made by antagonists and protagonists. Questions are (1) how and what do NRM antagonists and protagonists convey in Flashback posts about NRM, and its ideology and members? (2) how do NRM antagonists and protagonists make truth claims about NRM in Flashback posts? The empirical material consisting of 1546 Flashback posts analyzed to identify typical discussions on “NMR’s true nature”; accomplished social actions stemming from the posts. Findings show that the Flashback thread can be understood as being a rhetorical battle that concerns the “truth” about NRM, where a variety of rhetorical resources are used to render statements credibility and those involved legitimacy.

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34

Sari, Halimah Kartika, and Nungki Heriyati. "TRANSMISSION OF TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE THROUGH FLASHBACK IN THE FILM "SPEAK"." MAHADAYA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya 1, no. 1 (April 23, 2021): 128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/mhd.v1i1.4851.

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This research entitled â€˜Transmission of Traumatic Experience through Flashback in The Film â€˜Speakâ€™â€™ aims to analyze the traumatic experience of Melinda delivered through some flashback illustration as narrative device in film. The method used descriptive analysis to describe the traumatic experience in the film and the data collected is taken the screenshots that categorized based on the Discourse time and Story time in order to show when the flashback occurs. Hence, to analyze the data use Cathy Caruth (1996) examined the experience of trauma is the agony of fear and anxiety that is sometimes difficult to control due to a sudden recall memory in mind and Seymour Chatman (1980) about flashback (retrospection) in film represents the repetition of memory or reviewing the past events or situations. In the discussion found that Melinda as a teenage girl has a mental damage due to the traumatic experience that occurred in the past. The experience is told in the form of flashback that played repetitively in different moment in the film. Thus, the result reveals that the repetition of flashback is used to complement the information and reveal the Melindaâ€™s traumatic experiences which make her could not speak out about the problem sexual violence that occurred to her.

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35

Waiess, Elizabeth A., and Bertram P. Karon. "The Traumatic Flashback as One Basis of Misunderstanding Between Patients and Law Enforcement Officers." Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 14, no. 3 (2012): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1559-4343.14.3.192.

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A patient in psychoanalytic psychotherapy reported to the analyst that the patient recently had been forced by satanic cult members to commit a murder. After discussion, the patient and the analyst agreed to inform the police. The police could not find evidence for the occurrence of the crime. Continued psychoanalytic work revealed that it was not a contemporary murder but a flashback of a childhood horror. Because flashbacks of past traumatic experiences are not an uncommon phenomenon, they would account for some of the gruesome events reported by patients but which law enforcement officers cannot validate as having recently occurred.

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36

Planes, José-Antonio, and Alberto-N. García. "Old Wine in New Bottles. Narrative complexity in the dawn of Netflix Originals (2013-2017)." Communication & Society 37, no. 1 (January 8, 2024): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/003.37.1.1-19.

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This article explores how the first five years of Netflix Originals dramatic storytelling fit the “Complex TV” label that Mittell defined, with its innovative season-drop delivery strategy. We focus on one narratological device: the delimited flashback, the predominant type of analepsis in the 33 pilot episodes that made up our sample. Although the delimited flashbacks analyzed are semantically diverse, the discussion combines quantitative data with a qualitative analysis focusing on three key elements: the objects and places that trigger the characters’ memories, the contradictory or parallel relationship between timeframes, and the violation of boundaries between narrative layers.

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Krupa, R. J., T. F. Culbreth, B. W. Smith, and J. D. Winefordner. "A Flashback-Resistant Burner for Combustion Diagnostics and Analytical Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 40, no. 6 (August 1986): 729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702864508232.

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A general utility burner for the production of laminar, homogenous diffusion flames, which is immune to flashbacks, is presented. Because the fuel and oxidant mix on the surface of the burner rather than within the spray chamber, the flames cannot flashback. A wide variety of gas mixtures has been investigated, including oxygen, nitrous oxide, and nitric oxide as the oxidants. Any combination of fuel and oxidant can be safely burned to produced a stable, laminar, and audibly quiet flame. Flame temperatures can be varied over a wide range either by changing the fuel-oxidant ratio or by diluting the flame gases with an inert gas. In this manner, the optimum flame temperature and composition can be achieved. These burners are of general use in analytical emission, fluorescence, and photoacoustic spectrometry, as well as combustion diagnostics.

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Eichler, Christian, Georg Baumgartner, and Thomas Sattelmayer. "Experimental Investigation of Turbulent Boundary Layer Flashback Limits for Premixed Hydrogen-Air Flames Confined in Ducts." Mechanical Engineering 134, no. 12 (December 1, 2012): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2012-dec-7.

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This article discusses the results of experimental investigation of turbulent boundary layer flashback limits for premixed hydrogen-air flames confined in ducts. A tube burner experiment was set-up to double-check the findings of the channel rig. Unconfined flashback experiments were carried out by stabilizing the flame on top of the pilot burner in free atmosphere. A confined flame configuration was achieved by simply fixing a ceramic ring with a diameter higher by 4 mm on top of the pilot burner. Flashback measurements with unconfined flame holding neatly reproduced literature values for fully premixed, atmospheric H2–air mixtures and turbulent flow. The results of unconfined and confined tube burner experiments were plotted. The results showed that the drastic decrease of wall flashback stability for confined flames was the very same for both, tube and channel.

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39

Caan, Woody. "Ecstasy research prompts flashback." Nursing Standard 11, no. 47 (August 13, 1997): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.11.47.10.s23.

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40

Armstrong, Charles. "“Never Some Easy Flashback”." American, British and Canadian Studies Journal 19, no. - (December 1, 2012): 6–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/abcsj-2013-0001.

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Abstract This paper provides a close reading of Paul Farley’s 160-line poem, “Thorns.” The poem is read in dialogue with William Wordsworth’s celebrated Romantic ballad “The Thorn.” Special attention is given to Farley’s treatment of memory and metaphor: It is shown how the first, exploratory part of the poem elaborates upon the interdependent nature of memory and metaphor, while the second part uses a more regulated form of imagery in its evocation of a generational memory linked to a particular place and time (the working-class Liverpool of the 1960s and 1970s). The tension between the two parts of the poem is reflected in the taut relationship between the poet and a confrontational alter ego. Wordsworth’s importance for Farley is shown to inhere not only in the Lake Poet’s use of personal memory, but also the close connection between his poetry and place, as well as a strongly self-reflective strain that results in an interminable process of self-determination. Farley’s independence as a poet also comes across, though, and is for instance in evidence in his desire to avoid the “booby trap” of too simple appropriation of the methods and motifs of his Romantic predecessor.

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Douglas, Ann. "Crow in Ordinary Flashback." Colorado Review 39, no. 1 (2012): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/col.2012.0091.

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Rabelo, Adriano De Paula. "Flashback; Da Sedução; Dinossauro." Magma, no. 4 (December 17, 1997): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2448-1769.mag.1997.80794.

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Dawson, Jaime Murphy. "2009 NASN Conference Flashback." NASN School Nurse 25, no. 1 (December 2009): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602x09352870.

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FIELD, PENNY. "Flashback to the seventies." Nursing 29, no. 10 (October 1999): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-199910000-00009.

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Haggins, Bambi, and Kristen Warner. "Flashback/Flashblack." Journal of e-Media Studies 4, no. 1 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1349/ps1.1938-6060.a.450.

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Åkerlund, Mathilda. "Politics of Deliberate Inaction: The disconnect between platform justifications and user imaginaries on content moderation in a ‘free speech’ online forum." New Media & Society, August 18, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14614448231190905.

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This article analyses the ‘free speech’ online forum Flashback, which adheres to a strict non-interference policy when it comes to user-generated content, but beyond this also forbids users from deleting their own content or accounts. Through a qualitative content analysis, this article sought to understand the relationship between the platform and its users with respect to this unconventional approach to moderation and content removal. This article discusses both the position(s) taken by Flashback as it pertains to its policy of minimal moderation, and the expectations as expressed by users navigating Flashbacks rules and their practical implementations. The article shows a discrepancy between how Flashback (incoherently) justifies minimal moderation and how users had imagined the platform operating. The article also discusses how Flashback maintains these policies through its community’s active encouragement via supportive posting and silencing of non-conformers, and the consequences that Flashback’s inaction has in terms of residual hate.

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Eichler, Christian, and Thomas Sattelmayer. "Experiments on Flame Flashback in a Quasi-2D Turbulent Wall Boundary Layer for Premixed Methane-Hydrogen-Air Mixtures." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 133, no. 1 (September 14, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4001985.

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Premixed combustion of hydrogen-rich mixtures involves the risk of flame flashback through wall boundary layers. For laminar flow conditions, the flashback mechanism is well understood and is usually correlated by a critical velocity gradient at the wall. Turbulent transport inside the boundary layer considerably increases the flashback propensity. Only tube burner setups were investigated in the past, and thus turbulent flashback limits were only derived for a fully developed Blasius wall friction profile. For turbulent flows, details of the flame propagation in proximity to the wall remain unclear. This paper presents results from a new experimental combustion rig, apt for detailed optical investigations of flame flashbacks in a turbulent wall boundary layer developing on a flat plate and being subject to an adjustable pressure gradient. Turbulent flashback limits are derived from the observed flame position inside the measurement section. The fuels investigated cover mixtures of methane, hydrogen, and air at various mixing ratios. The associated wall friction distributions are determined by Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) computations of the flow inside the measurement section with fully resolved boundary layers. Consequently, the interaction between flame back pressure and incoming flow is not taken into account explicitly, in accordance with the evaluation procedure used for tube burner experiments. The results are compared with literature values, and the critical gradient concept is reviewed in light of the new data.

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Béghain, Véronique. "Flashback." Transatlantica, Hors-série (September 21, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/transatlantica.17505.

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Zhao, Rebecca. "Flashback." Canadian Medical Education Journal, February 6, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36834/cmej.69849.

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Inspired by graphic health narratives—or comics as some scholars may define them—my painting “Flashback” shares my experience of recalling a traumatic incident. My aim for this painting was to evoke a visceral reaction of discomfort (particularly with the sharp objects in the character’s eyes) so that viewers may feel some semblance of what I had felt. Flashback was exhibited at the Surgical Humanities Day at the University of Saskatchewan in September 2019.

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"Flashback." Reinforced Plastics 40, no. 12 (December 1996): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-3617(96)80258-x.

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