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Journal articles on the topic 'Flashes sensor'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Sabri, Muhammad Haziq Mohammad, Ammar Ahmed Alkahtani, Mohd Riduan Ahmad, et al. "Microwave Radiation Associated with Lightning Initiation Events of Negative Cloud-to-Ground Flashes." Atmosphere 13, no. 9 (2022): 1454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091454.

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In this paper, we examined the initiation events of ten negative cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes detected close to measurement stations on 12 November (CG-1 to CG-5) and 24 November (CG-6 to CG-10), 2019. All CG flashes were accompanied by microwave and very-high frequency (VHF) radiation pulses. We recorded all the CG flashes from two measurement stations (ST1 and ST2), which are separated by 13.3 km and consist of fast and slow antenna (FA and SA) sensors, a magnetic field (B-field) sensor, a VHF sensor (60 MHz), and a microwave sensor (~1 GHz). The key finding is that all of the microwave radi

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Regia, Viko Pradana, Mukhnizar Mukhnizar, and Rizal Abu. "Analysis of Damage to the PGM-FI System in Honda Beat Motorcycle for Maintenance Actions." MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering 5, no. 3 (2023): 583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.46574/motivection.v5i3.279.

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PGM-FI technology is an electronic fuel injection system from Honda that regulates the supply of fuel and oxygen according to the engine's needs. Finding the best repair solution to address sensor issues in the PGM-FI system is a common challenge that requires a comprehensive understanding of this complex technology. This research falls into the category of technical research, aiming to comprehend the principles, causes of malfunctions, and maintenance of the PGM-FI system on the Honda Beat 110 cc. The instruments used include a tool set, multi-tester, fuel pump tester, pressure gauge, scan to

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Pérez-Invernón, Francisco J., Heidi Huntrieser, Patrick Jöckel, and Francisco J. Gordillo-Vázquez. "A parameterization of long-continuing-current (LCC) lightning in the lightning submodel LNOX (version 3.0) of the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy, version 2.54)." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 4 (2022): 1545–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1545-2022.

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Abstract. Lightning flashes can produce a discharge in which a continuing electrical current flows for more than 40 ms. Such flashes are proposed to be the main precursors of lightning-ignited wildfires and also to trigger sprite discharges in the mesosphere. However, lightning parameterizations implemented in global atmospheric models do not include information about the continuing electrical current of flashes. The continuing current of lightning flashes cannot be detected by conventional lightning location systems. Instead, these so-called long-continuing-current (LCC) flashes are commonly

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4

Mohammad, Sulaiman Ali, Mohd Riduan Ahmad, Mardina Abdullah, et al. "Characteristics of Lightning Electromagnetic Fields Produced by Antarctica Storms." Atmosphere 13, no. 4 (2022): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040588.

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This paper presents the temporal characteristics of electromagnetic fields produced by cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes associated with Antarctica storms. A total of 51 positive CG (+CG) and 103 negative CG (−CG) flashes have been recorded by a magnetic direction finder (MDF) sensor in King Sejong Station, King George Island. In total, 47 positive and 107 negative return strokes were located, ranges from 32 to 569 km. All CG flashes were detected to occur over the ocean. The return strokes characteristics include the observations of slow front, fast rising, rise time, and pulse duration

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Erdmann, Felix, Eric Defer, Olivier Caumont, Richard J. Blakeslee, Stéphane Pédeboy, and Sylvain Coquillat. "Concurrent satellite and ground-based lightning observations from the Optical Lightning Imaging Sensor (ISS-LIS), the low-frequency network Meteorage and the SAETTA Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) in the northwestern Mediterranean region." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 2 (2020): 853–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-853-2020.

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Abstract. The new space-based Lightning Imager (LI) onboard the Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) geostationary satellite will improve the observation of lightning over Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Africa and the Atlantic Ocean from 2021 onwards. In preparation for the use of the upcoming MTG-LI data, we compare observations by the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on the International Space Station (ISS), which applies an optical technique similar to MTG-LI, to concurrent records of the low-frequency (LF) ground-based network Meteorage. Data were analyzed over the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

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Rudlosky, Scott D., Michael J. Peterson, and Douglas T. Kahn. "GLD360 Performance Relative to TRMM LIS." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 34, no. 6 (2017): 1307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-16-0243.1.

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AbstractThis study evaluates the performance of the operational and reprocessed Global Lightning Dataset 360 (GLD360) data relative to the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) during 2012–14. The analysis compares ground- and space-based lightning observations to better characterize the pre- and postupgrade GLD360. The reprocessed, postupgrade data increase the fraction of LIS flashes detected by the GLD360 [i.e., relative detection efficiency (DE)]. The relative DE improves during each year in every region, and year-over-year improvement appears in both da

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Yusop, Norbayah, Siti Hawa Zainal, Nor Azlan Mohd Aris, S. A. M. Chachuli, and Mawarni Mohamed Yunus. "Investigation of Lightning Distribution Using LIS Data from TRMM Satellite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 695 (November 2014): 836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.695.836.

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This paper presents an investigation on lightning distribution using Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) data from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. The investigation is carried out on distribution and variability of total lightning occurred in the area of Washington DC (38.54°N, 77.2°W) during January to April 2011. LIS captures emissions that occurred in the atmosphere which emitted by lightning discharge by covering the most between ±35o in latitude. The lightning distributions are characterized based on monthly, daily, hourly and seasonal basis. The maps of global distributi

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8

Zhang, Daile, Kenneth L. Cummins, Phillip Bitzer, and William J. Koshak. "Evaluation of the Performance Characteristics of the Lightning Imaging Sensor." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 36, no. 6 (2019): 1015–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-18-0173.1.

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AbstractThe Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) that was on board the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite captured optical emissions produced by lightning. In this work, we quantify and evaluate the LIS performance characteristics at both the pixel level of LIS events and contiguous clusters of events known as groups during a recent 2-yr period. Differences in the detection threshold among the four quadrants in the LIS pixel array produce small but meaningful differences in their optical characteristics. In particular, one LIS quadrant (Q1, X ≥ 64; Y ≥ 64) detects 15%–20% more ligh

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9

Maduranga, Dilaj, and Mahesh Edirisinghe. "Climatology of Lightning Activities over Bandaranaike International Airport in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 16, no. 6 (2021): 1027–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160604.

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This study reveals the spatiotemporal distribution of lightning activities over Bandaranaike International Airport, the main international airport of Sri Lanka. Lightning flash data was acquired from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) of NASA to investigate lightning activities from 1998 to 2014 covering an area of 30 km×30 km over the airport. Overhead annual flash density was 8.19 flashes km-2 year-1. The maximum lightning activities (57%) with an overhead flash density of 28.83 flashes km-2 year-1 was recorded in the first inter-monsoon season.

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10

Harkema, Sebastian S., Emily B. Berndt, and Christopher J. Schultz. "Characterization of Snowfall Rates, Totals, and Snow-to-Liquid Ratios in Electrified Snowfall Events Identified by the Geostationary Lightning Mapper." Weather and Forecasting 35, no. 2 (2020): 673–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0126.1.

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Abstract It has been theorized that thundersnow (TSSN) occurs in conjunction with heavy snowfall rates and in geographical regions where heavy-banded snow occurs more frequently. This study aims to objectively and quantitatively identify characteristics associated with TSSN to improve the situational awareness of heavy snowfall and associated hazards. The Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM), National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Services (NESDIS) merged Snowfall Rate (mSFR) product, and surface observations were utilized to characterize snowfall accumulation, snow-to-liquid ra

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11

Yusop, Norbayah, Mohd Riduan Ahmad, Mardina Abdullah, et al. "Seasonal Analysis of Cloud-To-Ground Lightning Flash Activity in the Western Antarctica." Atmosphere 10, no. 12 (2019): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10120744.

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This paper presents a seasonal analysis of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flash activity in the Western Antarctica using a lightning detector sensor installed at the Carlini Base station. Data obtained from the detection system between February and December 2017 were analyzed. Three common locations and areas of composite active thunderstorms (labelled storm regions A, B, and C) were detected by the sensor within a 1000 km radius from the station. Storm region A was located to the northwest (N/W) of the station and covered the Amundsen/Bellingshausen Sea (ABS), whereas storm region C was locat

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Kalapuge, Vindhya, Dilaj Maduranga, Niranga Alahacoon, Mahesh Edirisinghe, Rushan Abeygunawardana, and Manjula Ranagalage. "Overview of Lightning Trend and Recent Lightning Variability over Sri Lanka." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 12, no. 2 (2023): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12020067.

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The study was conducted to analyze spatial and temporal variations of lightning activity over Sri Lanka and the surrounding coastal belt region bounded by 5.75–10.00 N and 79.50–89.00 E. Flash data collected by the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on NASA’s Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite from 1998 to 2014 and the Lightning Imaging Sensor placed on the International Space Station (ISS) from 2018 to 2021 were used for the study. The Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator were applied to annual and seasonal lightning data from 1998 to 2014 to identify the trends in the TR

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13

Ramachandran, V., A. Kishore, and S. Kumar. "Mapping the cloud-to-ground lightning occurrence in Fiji." South Pacific Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 24, no. 1 (2006): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sp06005.

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Using the Time Of Group Arrival (TOGA) of sferics two year (Jan2003-Dec2004) annual average of about 3,200 and 1,200 cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes were recorded in the two larger islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, Fiji. A two year average CG flash density showed maxima of 0.80 and 0.35 flashes/km2 per year in two islands. The diurnal variation showed peak activity between 14:00 hrs- 16:00 hrs LT and the seasonal variation showed enhanced lightning incidences during November-April. Data from Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) aboard the NASA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite are a

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14

Mäkelä, Antti, Pekka Rossi, and David M. Schultz. "The Daily Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flash Density in the Contiguous United States and Finland." Monthly Weather Review 139, no. 5 (2011): 1323–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010mwr3517.1.

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A method is developed to quantify thunderstorm intensity according to cloud-to-ground lightning flashes (hereafter ground flashes) determined by a lightning-location sensor network. The method is based on the ground flash density ND per thunderstorm day (ground flashes per square kilometer per thunderstorm day) calculated on 20 km × 20 km fixed squares. Because the square size roughly corresponds to the area covered by a typical thunderstorm, the flash density for one square defines a unit thunderstorm for the purposes of this study. This method is tested with ground flash data obtained from t

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15

Beirle, S., W. Koshak, R. Blakeslee, and T. Wagner. "Global patterns of lightning properties derived by OTD and LIS." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, no. 4 (2014): 2765–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-2-2765-2014.

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Abstract. The satellite instruments Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) provide unique empirical data about the frequency of lightning flashes around the globe (OTD), and the tropics (LIS), which have been used before to compile a well received global climatology of flash rate densities. Here we present a statistical analysis of various additional lightning properties derived from OTD/LIS, i.e. the number of so-called "events" and "groups" per flash, as well as the mean flash duration, footprint and radiance. These normalized quantities, which can be associated

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16

Kolínská, Andrea, Ivana Kolmašová, Eric Defer, Ondřej Santolík, and Stéphane Pédeboy. "Post-return stroke VHF electromagnetic activity in north-western Mediterranean cloud-to-ground lightning flashes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 25, no. 3 (2025): 1791–803. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1791-2025.

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Abstract. We investigate properties of the electromagnetic activity following the first lightning return stroke (RS), using concurrent observations from the SLAVIA (Shielded Loop Antenna with a Versatile Integrated Amplifier) sensor, the SAETTA (Suivi de l'Activité Electrique Tridimensionnelle Totale de l'Atmosphère) Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) and the METEORAGE LF (low-frequency) network in the Corsica region. From the data collected between September and December 2015, we selected 66 negative cloud-to-ground (−CG) and 26 positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) lightning flashes in the north-western

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17

Schulz, Wolfgang, Gerhard Diendorfer, Stéphane Pedeboy, and Dieter Roel Poelman. "The European lightning location system EUCLID – Part 1: Performance analysis and validation." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 2 (2016): 595–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-595-2016.

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Abstract. In this paper we present a performance analysis of the European lightning location system EUCLID for cloud-to ground flashes/strokes in terms of location accuracy (LA), detection efficiency (DE) and peak current estimation. The performance analysis is based on ground truth data from direct lightning current measurements at the Gaisberg Tower (GBT) and data from E-field and video recordings. The E-field and video recordings were collected in three different regions in Europe, namely in Austria, Belgium and France. The analysis shows a significant improvement of the LA of the EUCLID ne

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18

Maduranga, U. G. D., and Mahesh Edirisinghe. "Lightning Climatology and Human Vulnerability to Lightning Hazards in a School Community: A Case Study in Sri Lanka using LIS Data from TRMM Satellite." International Journal of Disaster Management 4, no. 3 (2021): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/ijdm.v4i3.22068.

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This study reported lightning climatology and human vulnerability to lightning in a 20 km × 20 km high-density school area in Colombo city in Sri Lanka from 1998 to 2014 using Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) flash data of NASA’s Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). An average annual flash density recorded over the study area was 9.43 flashes km-2 year-1. A maximum of 49% lightning flashes happened during the first inter-monsoon season. There were only 4% lightning flashes that occurred during 06.00-12.00 LT and during 18.00-24.00 LT, it was 67%, whereas 94% of lightning flashes within a

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19

Safronov, Alexander N. "Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Thunderstorms’ Effects on Wildfire in Australia in 2017–2020 Using Data from the ISS LIS and MODIS Space-Based Observations." Atmosphere 13, no. 5 (2022): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050662.

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The impact of thunderstorms on the wildfire situation in Australia in 2017–2020 was investigated using data from the ISS LIS and MODIS space-based observations. To determine lightning-caused wildfires, a Geographic Information System (GIS) method was carried out, which consisted of a combined investigation of the spatial and temporal distributions of strikes and ignition hotspots. The seasonal variability of thunderstorms and wildfire activity was analyzed. It was established that the maximum seasonal distribution of thunderstorm activity does not coincide with wildfire activity. The interannu

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20

Beirle, S., W. Koshak, R. Blakeslee, and T. Wagner. "Global patterns of lightning properties derived by OTD and LIS." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 10 (2014): 2715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-14-2715-2014.

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Abstract. The satellite instruments Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) provide unique empirical data about the frequency of lightning flashes around the globe (OTD), and the tropics (LIS), which have been used before to compile a well-received global climatology of flash rate densities. Here we present a statistical analysis of various additional lightning properties derived from OTD / LIS, i.e., the number of so-called "events" and "groups" per flash, as well as the mean flash duration, footprint and radiance. These normalized quantities, which can be associat

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Schwarzländer, Markus, David C. Logan, Mark D. Fricker, and Lee J. Sweetlove. "The circularly permuted yellow fluorescent protein cpYFP that has been used as a superoxide probe is highly responsive to pH but not superoxide in mitochondria: implications for the existence of superoxide ‘flashes’." Biochemical Journal 437, no. 3 (2011): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20110883.

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The properties of a cpYFP [circularly permuted YFP (yellow fluorescent protein)] reported to act as a superoxide sensor have been re-examined in Arabidopsis mitochondria. We have found that the probe has high pH sensitivity and that dynamics in the cpYFP signal disappeared when the matrix pH was clamped by nigericin. In contrast, genetic and pharmacological manipulation of matrix superoxide had no detectable effect on the cpYFP signal. These findings question the existence of superoxide flashes in mitochondria.

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Asok, Anju, Fathima Risvana P R, Neemavas A, Punnya Appukuttan, and Sruthi R. Menon. "Fish Spoilage Detector." International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management 9, no. 1 (2022): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/ijsem/09.01.a005.

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This project work involves using Arduino Uno software integrated with MQ 137- Ammonia Gas Sensor, MQ 135- Gas Sensor Module and Humidity Sensor Module DHT11 to set up a Fish Spoilage Detector model for the determination of spoilage in fish. The study takes into consideration spoilage seen in fishes and how to detect it. To study the threshold values of Ammonia, and other gases like Carbon Monoxide, model trial runs are carried out to arrive at appropriate hard measures of the threshold values, to improve the stability of a conceptual fish spoilage detector. The ammonia sensor is initially test

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23

Hui, Wen, Wenjuan Zhang, Weitao Lyu, and Pengfei Li. "Preliminary Observations from the China Fengyun-4A Lightning Mapping Imager and Its Optical Radiation Characteristics." Remote Sensing 12, no. 16 (2020): 2622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12162622.

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The Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) Lightning Mapping Imager (LMI) is the first satellite-borne lightning imager developed in China, which can detect lightning over China and its neighboring regions based on a geostationary satellite platform. In this study, the spatial distribution and temporal variation characteristics of lightning activity over China and its neighboring regions were analyzed in detail based on 2018 LMI observations. The observation characteristics of the LMI were revealed through a comparison with the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)-Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) and World Wi

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24

Mohd Riduan Ahmad, Shamsul Ammar Shamsul Baharin,. "Electric Field Waveforms of Very Close Negative Cloud to Ground Flashes." Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research 2, no. 2 (2020): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jesr.v2i2.68.

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Negative cloud-to-ground brings down negative charge from cloud to ground. In this paper, observations of the characteristics of fast and slow electric field within reversal distance (less than 7-8 km from lightning sensor) are reported. A total of four negative cloud to ground lashes detected very close to our measurement site in Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka on 12th November 2019 were selected for analysis. The captured waveforms are compared with the location data provided by Tenaga Nasional Berhad Research (TNBR) for validation purposes. It can be observed that electric field changes

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25

Koshak, William J., and Richard J. Solakiewicz. "A Method for Retrieving the Ground Flash Fraction and Flash Type from Satellite Lightning Mapper Observations." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 32, no. 1 (2015): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-14-00085.1.

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AbstractAn analytic perturbation method is introduced for retrieving the lightning ground flash fraction in a set of N lightning flashes observed by a satellite lightning mapper. The value of N must be large, typically in the thousands, and the satellite lightning optical observations consist of the maximum group area (MGA) produced by each flash. Moreover, the method subsequently determines the flash type (ground or cloud) of each of the N flashes. Performance tests of the method were conducted using simulated observations that were based on Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and Lightning Imag

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Luo, Jie, Aihua Mao, and Zhongwen Zeng. "Sensor-Based Smart Clothing for Women’s Menopause Transition Monitoring." Sensors 20, no. 4 (2020): 1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20041093.

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Aging women usually experience menopause and currently there is no single diagnosing highly-sensitive and -specific test for recognizing menopause. For most employed women at their perimenopause age it is not convenient to visit a clinic for the hormone test, which lasts for consecutive days. This paper develops a suit of sensor-based smart clothing used for home-based and ambulatory health monitoring for women’s menopause transition. Firstly, a survey analysis is conducted to determine the biological signals measured by sensors for indicating the symptoms of menopausal transition and also the

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Bondiou-Clergerie, A., P. Lalande, and F. Roux. "“ORAGES”: a dedicated sensor for detection, localisation and fine analysis of lightning flashes from space." Acta Astronautica 55, no. 3-9 (2004): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2004.05.050.

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Denisenko, Valery, and Andrey Lyakhov. "Comparison of ground-based and satellite data on spatiotemporal distribution of lightning discharges under solar minimum." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 7, no. 4 (2021): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/szf-74202112.

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Worldwide maps of lightning activity have been obtained from the ground-based World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) for 2007–2009. We have compiled these maps separately for different seasons and UT periods, using WWLLN data on the time and coordinates of each of the recorded lightning. The total number of flashes of lightning in WWLLN data is by an order of magnitude smaller than in satellite data from Optical Transient Detector and the Lightning Imaging Sensor satellites. However, the key features of the spatial distribution and seasonal trends coincide well. The main difference obse

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Denisenko, Valery, and Andrey Lyakhov. "Comparison of ground-based and satellite data on spatiotemporal distribution of lightning discharges under solar minimum." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 7, no. 4 (2021): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-74202112.

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Worldwide maps of lightning activity have been obtained from the ground-based World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) for 2007–2009. We have compiled these maps separately for different seasons and UT periods, using WWLLN data on the time and coordinates of each of the recorded lightning. The total number of flashes of lightning in WWLLN data is by an order of magnitude smaller than in satellite data from Optical Transient Detector and the Lightning Imaging Sensor satellites. However, the key features of the spatial distribution and seasonal trends coincide well. The main difference obse

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Koshak, W. J. "A Mixed Exponential Distribution Model for Retrieving Ground Flash Fraction from Satellite Lightning Imager Data." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 28, no. 4 (2011): 475–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jtecha1438.1.

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Abstract A Bayesian inversion method is introduced for retrieving the fraction of ground flashes in a set of flashes observed from a (low earth orbiting or geostationary) satellite lightning imager. The method employs a constrained mixed exponential distribution model to describe the lightning optical measurements. Because the method also retrieves certain population statistics of ground and cloud flash optical properties, the method can be applied to an arbitrary geographical region, including those regions where the lightning optical statistics either are not known or are difficult to obtain

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Maduranga, U. G. Dilaj, Mahesh Edirisinghe, and L. Vimukthi Gamage. "Spatiotemporal Variability of Lightning Flash Distribution over Sri Lanka." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 82 (March 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.82.1.

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The variation of the lightning activities over Sri Lanka and surrounded costal belt (5.750N-10.000N and 79.50E-89.000E) is studied using lightning flash data of Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) which was launched in November 1997 for NASA’s Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The LIS data for the period of 1998 to 2014 are considered for this study. The spatial and temporal variation of lightning activities is investigated and respective results are presented. The diurnal variation over the studied area presents that maximum and minimum flash count recorded at 1530-1630 Local Time (10-11

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Maduranga, U. G. Dilaj, Mahesh Edirisinghe, and L. Vimukthi Gamage. "Spatiotemporal Variability of Lightning Flash Distribution over Sri Lanka." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 82 (March 12, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-ooeyf6.

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The variation of the lightning activities over Sri Lanka and surrounded costal belt (5.750N-10.000N and 79.50E-89.000E) is studied using lightning flash data of Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) which was launched in November 1997 for NASA’s Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The LIS data for the period of 1998 to 2014 are considered for this study. The spatial and temporal variation of lightning activities is investigated and respective results are presented. The diurnal variation over the studied area presents that maximum and minimum flash count recorded at 1530-1630 Local Time (10-11

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Thakare, V. P., Sayali Jogi, Prajakta Ramteke, and Sejal Ukinkar. "Dump Yard Fire Extinguishing System Using IoT." Journal of Analog and Digital Communications 8, no. 1 (2023): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/joadc.2023.v08i01.002.

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Nagpur municipal corporation (NMC) is the best waste disposal company. Nagpur municipal corporation (NMC) collects everything from household waste and stores all the garbage in different landfills. But these landfills pose a major problem for storing this waste safely as it catches fire very quickly. These toxic gases such as dioxins, furans, mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls are then released into the atmosphere and pollute the air with an unpleasant smell. The design we propose is based on a fire alarm and a landfill fire extinguisher. When garbage is gathered for the dump, our project f

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F. Mohamed Ali, Samah, Ahmed A. Jasim, and Salah J. Muhsen. "Assessment of Image Quality and Child Acceptance for DSLR, Bridge and Smartphone Cameras Used in Dental Photography (A Comparative Study)." Tikrit Journal for Dental Sciences 12, no. 1 (2024): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjds.12.1.6.

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Digital photography is of huge importance during the course of dental treatments. It’s indispensable for recording data, patient motivation, communication with the lab etc. Many photography equipment are available and used in dentistry. Using digital photography is obtaining a footstep in pediatric dentistry. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality of dental images made by different digital photography mediums commonly used in dental clinics and measure the acceptance of children towards dental photography. Materials and Methods: in this study images produced by Three DSLR (digita

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Maduranga, Uruvitiya Gamage Dilaj, Mahesh Edirisinghe, Niranga Alahacoon, and Manjula Ranagalage. "Spatiotemporal Variability of Lightning Activity over the Railway Network in Sri Lanka with Special Attention to the Proposed Suburban Railway Electrification Network." Infrastructures 7, no. 7 (2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7070092.

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This study is oriented towards the investigation of the spatiotemporal variability of the lightning activity over the railway network in Sri Lanka using -lightning data from 1998 to 2014 that were downloaded from the database of Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) onboard NASA’s Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The study has also been extended to study the lightning activity over the proposed suburban railway electrification network. GIS was used to conduct an annual and seasonal analysis of the railway network, which consists of nine major railway lines, to identify vulnerable stations

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Tiberia, Alessandra, Enrico Arnone, Alessandro Ursi, et al. "A Joint LINET and ISS-LIS View of Lightning Distribution over the Mt. Cimone Area within the GAMMA-FLASH Program." Remote Sensing 14, no. 14 (2022): 3501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14143501.

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Typical features of lightning distribution in the mountain area of Mt. Cimone (2165 m a.s.l., Northern-Central Italy) have been studied through detections provided by the ground-based LIghtning NETwork data (LINET) and the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) onboard the International Space Station (ISS-LIS). This study was performed within the context of the Gamma-Flash program, which includes the in situ observation of high-energy radiation (e.g., Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), gamma-ray glows) and neutron emissions from thunderstorms at the mountain-top “O. Vittori” climate observatory. LI

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Fan, Penglei, Dong Zheng, Yijun Zhang, et al. "A Performance Evaluation of the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) over the Tibetan Plateau." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 35, no. 4 (2018): 927–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-17-0144.1.

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AbstractA systematic evaluation of the performance of the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) over the Tibetan Plateau is conducted using data from the Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Location System (CGLLS) developed by the State Grid Corporation of China for 2013–15 and lightning data from the satellite-based Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) for 2014–15. The average spatial location separation magnitudes in the midsouthern Tibetan Plateau (MSTP) region between matched WWLLN and CGLLS strokes and over the whole Tibetan Plateau between matched WWLLN

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Tiberia, Alessandra, Alessandra Mascitelli, Leo Pio D’Adderio, et al. "Time Evolution of Storms Producing Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes Using ERA5 Reanalysis Data, GPS, Lightning and Geostationary Satellite Observations." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (2021): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040784.

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In this article, we report the first investigation over time of the atmospheric conditions around terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF) occurrences, using GPS sensors in combination with geostationary satellite observations and ERA5 reanalysis data. The goal is to understand which characteristics are favorable to the development of these events and to investigate if any precursor signals can be expected. A total of 9 TGFs, occurring at a distance lower than 45 km from a GPS sensor, were analyzed and two of them are shown here as an example analysis. Moreover, the lightning activity, collected by t

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Medici, Gina, Kenneth L. Cummins, Daniel J. Cecil, William J. Koshak, and Scott D. Rudlosky. "The Intracloud Lightning Fraction in the Contiguous United States." Monthly Weather Review 145, no. 11 (2017): 4481–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-16-0426.1.

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This work addresses the long-term relative occurrence of cloud-to-ground (CG) and intracloud (IC; no attachment to ground) flashes for the contiguous United States (CONUS). It expands upon an earlier analysis by Boccippio et al. who employed 4-yr datasets provided by the U.S. National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) and the Optical Transient Detector (OTD). Today, the duration of the NLDN historical dataset has more than tripled, and OTD data can be supplemented with data from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS). This work is timely, given the launch of GOES-16, which includes the world’s fi

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Luhar, Ashok K., Ian E. Galbally, Matthew T. Woodhouse, and Nathan Luke Abraham. "Assessing and improving cloud-height-based parameterisations of global lightning flash rate, and their impact on lightning-produced NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> and tropospheric composition in a chemistry–climate model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 9 (2021): 7053–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7053-2021.

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Abstract. Although lightning-generated oxides of nitrogen (LNOx) account for only approximately 10 % of the global NOx source, they have a disproportionately large impact on tropospheric photochemistry due to the conducive conditions in the tropical upper troposphere where lightning is mostly discharged. In most global composition models, lightning flash rates used to calculate LNOx are expressed in terms of convective cloud-top height via the Price and Rind (1992) (PR92) parameterisations for land and ocean, where the oceanic parameterisation is known to greatly underestimate flash rates. We

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Lyons, Walter A., Eric C. Bruning, Tom A. Warner, et al. "Megaflashes: Just How Long Can a Lightning Discharge Get?" Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 101, no. 1 (2019): E73—E86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-19-0033.1.

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Abstract The existence of mesoscale lightning discharges on the order of 100 km in length has been known since the radar-based findings of Ligda in the mid-1950s. However, it took the discovery of sprites in 1989 to direct significant attention to horizontally extensive “megaflashes” within mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). More recently, 3D Lightning Mapping Arrays (LMAs) have documented sprite-initiating lightning discharges traversing several hundred kilometers. One such event in a 2007 Oklahoma MCS having an LMA-derived length of 321 km, has been certified by the WMO as the longest offi

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Liu, Chuntao, Earle R. Williams, Edward J. Zipser, and Gary Burns. "Diurnal Variations of Global Thunderstorms and Electrified Shower Clouds and Their Contribution to the Global Electrical Circuit." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 67, no. 2 (2010): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jas3248.1.

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Abstract The long-standing mainstay of support for C. T. R. Wilson’s global circuit hypothesis is the similarity between the diurnal variation of thunderstorm days in universal time and the Carnegie curve of electrical potential gradient. This rough agreement has sustained the widespread view that thunderstorms are the “batteries” for the global electrical circuit. This study utilizes 10 years of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) observations to quantify the global occurrence of thunderstorms with much better accuracy and to validate the comparison by F. J. W. Whipple 80 years ago. Th

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Pérez-Invernón, Francisco J., Heidi Huntrieser, Sergio Soler, et al. "Lightning-ignited wildfires and long continuing current lightning in the Mediterranean Basin: preferential meteorological conditions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 23 (2021): 17529–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17529-2021.

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Abstract. Lightning is the major cause of the natural ignition of wildfires worldwide and produces the largest wildfires in some regions. Lightning strokes produce about 5 % of forest fires in the Mediterranean Basin and are one of the most important precursors of the largest forest fires during the summer. Lightning-ignited wildfires produce significant emissions of aerosols, black carbon, and trace gases, such as CO, SO2, CH4, and O3, affecting air quality. Characterization of the meteorological and cloud conditions of lightning-ignited wildfires in the Mediterranean Basin can serve to impro

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Vahabi-Mashak, Saeed, Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek, Kamyar Mehranzamir, Hadi Nabipour-Afrouzi, Behnam Salimi, and Chin-Leong Wooi. "Modeling of Time of Arrival Method for Lightning Locating Systems." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/870290.

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Various methods are used to locate cloud-to-ground lightning flashes. Even though a higher cost is incurred, a network of sensor stations is preferable to a single station due to the improved accuracy. For a single station measuring system, the accuracy of its analyses is mostly based on the chosen mathematical equations which can be solved in either linear or nonlinear mode. The sensitivity of the measuring equipment used is also particularly significant. This paper concentrates on the modelling of time of arrival (TOA) technique for locating a lightning flash by utilizing three broadband ant

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Edirisinghe, Mahesh, and Uruvitiya Gamage Dilaj Maduranga. "Distribution of Lightning Accidents in Sri Lanka from 1974 to 2019 Using the DesInventar Database." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 3 (2021): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10030117.

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The reported lightning accidents that are available in the DesInventar database—which consist of 549 deaths, 498 injured people, 39 destroyed houses, and 741 damaged houses—were analyzed in terms of their geographical and temporal variation. The average lightning flash densities were calculated using zonal statistics using the geographic information system (GIS), referring to the respective raster maps generated based on Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) data from the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Satellite. Hence, the variations of the lightning accidents—monthly and climate seaso

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Hillger, Donald, Thomas Kopp, Thomas Lee, et al. "First-Light Imagery from Suomi NPP VIIRS." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 94, no. 7 (2013): 1019–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-12-00097.1.

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The Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite was launched on 28 October 2011, heralding the next generation of operational U.S. polar-orbiting satellites. It carries the Visible– Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), a 22-band visible/infrared sensor that combines many of the best aspects of the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. VIIRS has nearl

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Bankert, Richard L., Jeremy E. Solbrig, Thomas F. Lee, and Steven D. Miller. "Automated Lightning Flash Detection in Nighttime Visible Satellite Data." Weather and Forecasting 26, no. 3 (2011): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-10-05002.1.

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Abstract The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS) nighttime visible channel was designed to detect earth–atmosphere features under conditions of low illumination (e.g., near the solar terminator or via moonlight reflection). However, this sensor also detects visible light emissions from various terrestrial sources (both natural and anthropogenic), including lightning-illuminated thunderstorm tops. This research presents an automated technique for objectively identifying and enhancing the bright steaks associated with lightning flashes, even in the p

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Hui, Wen, Wenjuan Zhang, Weitao Lyu, Yijun Zhang, and Pengfei Li. "On-Orbit Response Characteristics of Fengyun-4A Lightning Mapping Imager (LMI) and Their Impacts on LMI Detection." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 40, no. 12 (2023): 1657–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-22-0126.1.

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Abstract The effects of the response characteristics of the Fengyun-4A Lightning Mapping Imager (LMI) on its detection capability were studied using the raw event data of LMI in 2020. The simultaneous observation data of the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on the International Space Station (ISS) were used to evaluate the LMI detection capability. The results reveal that the minimum detectable radiance of lightning events in the 16 subregions of LMI has shown regional differences, with the southern subregions lower than the northern subregions, indicating that the southern ones are more conduci

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Maggio, Christopher, Lee Coleman, Thomas Marshall, et al. "Lightning-Initiation Locations as a Remote Sensing Tool of Large Thunderstorm Electric Field Vectors." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 22, no. 7 (2005): 1059–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1750.1.

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Abstract The lightning data that are recorded with a three-dimensional lightning mapping array (LMA) are compared with data from an electric field change sensor (in this case a flat-plate antenna operated both as a “slow” and a “fast” antenna). The goal of these comparisons is to quantify any time difference that may exist between the initial responses of the two instruments to a lightning flash. The data consist of 136 flashes from two New Mexico thunderstorms. It is found that the initial radiation source detected by the LMA usually precedes the initial response of both the slow and fast ant

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Hodanish, Stephen J., Earle Williams, and Robert Boldi. "Early History of Using Total Lightning Data at NWS Melbourne, Florida." E-Journal of Severe Storms Meteorology 8, no. 6 (2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55599/ejssm.v8i6.51.

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This forecaster’s note documents the early history (1989–1998) of the use of total lightning data within an operational forecast and warning environment. As early as 1989, the Melbourne field office of the National Weather Service had access to real-time cloud-to-ground lightning data. In 1993, the Lightning Detection and Ranging system (capable of detecting all types of lightning flashes) became available. In 1996, these two lightning data sets, along with radar data, were incorporated into the Lightning Imaging Sensor Data Applications Display (LISDAD) system. During a 3-y period (1996–1998

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