Academic literature on the topic 'Fleuve Winnipeg'

The Laurentian Great Lakes are a chain of five large water bodies and connecting rivers that constitute the headwaters of the St. Lawrence River. Collectively they form one of the largest reservoirs of surface freshwater on the planet with an aggregate volume of >22,000 km3. Early interpretations of the postglacial lake history implicitly assumed that the Great Lakes always overflowed their outlets. A study of Lake Winnipeg which concluded that lack of water in a dry climate had dried that lake for millennia led to re-evaluation of the Great Lakes water-level history. Using the empirical information of glacioisostatic rebound derived from 14C-dated and uptilted Great Lake paleo-shorelines, a method of computation was developed to test the paradigm of continuous lake overflow. The method evaluated site and outlet uplift independently, and lowlevel indicators such as submerged tree stumps rooted beneath the present Great Lakes were found to be lower than the lowestpossible corresponding basin outlet. Results confirmed the low-level, closed-basin hydrological status of the early Great Lakes. This status is consistent with paleoclimatic inferences of aridity during the early Holocene before establishment of the present patterns of atmospheric circulation which now bring adequate precipitation to maintain the overflowing lakes. In a sense, the early to middle Holocene phase of dry climate and low water levels is a natural experiment to illustrate the sensitivity of the Great Lakes to climate change in this era of global warming, should their climate shift to one much drier than present, or future major diversions of their waters be permitted.RÉSUMÉLes Grands Lacs Laurentiens sont une chaine de cinq grandes étendues d’eau connectées par des rivières, constituant la source du Fleuve St-Laurent. Collectivement, ils forment un des plus grands réservoirs d’eau douce de surface de la planète avec un volume total de plus de >22,000 km3. Les premièresinterprétations de l’histoire postglaciaire des lacs supposaient implicitement que les Grands Lacs débordaient à leurs exutoires. Une étude du Lac Winnipeg, qui concluait qu’un déficit en eau durant un épisode de climat aride avait desséché le lac pendant des millénaires dans le passé, a mené à la réévaluation de l’histoire du niveau de l’eau des Grands Lacs. En utilisant des données empiriques du relèvement glacio-isostatique, dérivées de littoral anciens surélevés datés au 14C, une méthode de calcul a été développée pour tester le paradigme d’unedécharge lacustre continue. La méthode a évalué le soulèvement des sites et des exutoires indépendamment, et il a été constaté que les indicateurs de bas niveau tels que des troncs d’arbres submergés, enracinés en dessous des Grands Lacs actuels, étaient en fait sous le niveau de l’exutoire correspondant le plus bas. Les résultats confirment le bas niveau et le statut de basin hydrologique fermé des Grand Lacs dans le passé. Ce statut est cohérent avec des évidences paléoclimatiques d’aridité au début de l’Holocène, avant l’établissement des modes de circulation atmosphérique actuels qui apportent des quantités de précipitation adéquates au maintien des décharges lacustres. Dans un sens, la période climatique aride du début et du milieu de l’Holocène, et les bas niveaux d’eau constituent une expérience naturelle qui illustre la sensibilité des Grands Lacs aux changements climatiques, pertinent dans le contexte actuel de réchauffement global, surtout s’il s’avérait que leur climat devienne plus aride que présentement, ou que des diversions majeures des eaux soient permises.

Relevance. In terms of the richness of colors, shapes and sizes of inflorescences and relative unpretentiousness during cultivation, as well as the duration of flowering of a dahlia, the cultural has no equal. Basically, this flower crop is grown in the open field and used for landscaping areas. Dahlias, due to their decorative properties, are a promising crop for cutting. But the growth in the volume of industrial cultivation of cut dahlias has long been constrained by two negative factors - the low life expectancy of cut flowers, and the fact that not all varieties of cultivated dahlias are suitable for cultivation in greenhouses. Therefore, the search for varieties that meet the aforementioned properties is an especially urgent task.Material and methods. The material for the study was 10 varieties of Dahlia × cultorum Dutch selection. They belong to different groups of dahlias – spherical: Souvenir d'Eté, The Voice, Jowey Winnie; decorative – Orion, Café au Lait, Fleurel, Karma Choc and pompom dahlias: Little William, Cornel Bronze, Petra's Wedding, All tubers were planted in phytotron beds. Phenological observations of plants were carried out according to the Methodology of State Variety Testing of Ornamental Crops. During the growing season, the following indicators were determined: the onset of phenological phases of development, the dynamics of plant growth, the number and size of inflorescences, the length of the peduncle, the duration of flowering.Results. It was found that all the studied varieties of cultural dahlias have a high decorative effect and are suitable for growing for cutting in greenhouse conditions. Growing plants in a phytotron allows you to get a high-quality cut almost two months ahead of time, as well as have a longer and more abundant flowering. It was found that the Café au Lait cultivar is not entirely suitable for cut cultivation in greenhouses or requires the development of cultivation technology that is individual for this cultivar. It was found that the Fleurel variety surpasses other studied varieties in terms of decorativeness, inflorescence size, peduncle length, onset time and flowering duration. A significant disadvantage of the variety is its high growth and fragility of the peduncles. The most popular cut varieties were Fleurel, Petra's Wedding, Jowey Winnie and Little William. It was found that the studied varieties of cultural dahlias were distinguished not only by high decorativeness, but also by high durability in a vase from 5 to 7 days.

Over the past 7 years, eight plants have been introduced from the Mt. Cuba Center for the Study of Piedmont Flora—two woody and six herbaceous ornamentals—which will be illustrated and described. Cornus sericea `Silver and Gold', 1988, is a sport of and similar to `Flaviramea' with white variegated leaves. Aster novae-angliae `Purple Dome', 1989, is a widely known and compact form (50 cm tall) of the species. Heuchera americana `Garnet', 1989, has shiny green foliage of the species mottled garnet-red. Solidago sphacelata `Golden Fleece', 1989, is a compact (50 cm) form of the species with semi-evergreen basal foliage, winning the ISU outstanding plant award in Switzerland in 1994. Leucothoe axillaris `Greensprite', 1991, is easy to propagate and quick to grow, with solid green, narrow leaves with undulating edges and attenuated tips. Pachysandra procumbens `Forest Green', 1992, has larger leaf whorls and a more smoothly undulating surface than the species. Trillium grandiflorum `Quicksilver', 1992, is similar to the species only with 1-year doubling time. Aster laevis `Bluebird', 1995, is similar to the species but has so far been free from foliage diseases.

Medea's awakening love for Jason is the great theme of the third book of Apollonius Rhodius' Argonautica. At the opening of that book—that is to say, at the very centre of the four-book epic—the Hellenistic poet signals a programmatic redirection, invoking the Muse Erato to inspire his tale of Jason's winning of the golden fleece, aided by the love of the Colchian princess (Мηδείηϛ ὑπ' ἔϱωτι, Ap. Rhod. 3.3). This is the first mention of Medea in the poem. Writing a few centuries later, the Flavian poet Valerius Flaccus for the most part adheres closely to Apollonius' narrative outline. As we shall see, however, he manifests comparatively little interest in the love story between Jason and Medea, and takes a different approach to the problem of integrating Medea into the plot. Though, as with the earlier epic, she will not appear as a dramatis persona until the second half of the epic, she is mentioned at the very outset of the narrative (1.61-63), and a number of times thereafter in the early books. Thus by the time the Argonauts reach Colchis and Medea enters the narrative proper, she has already been presented to the reader in a number of ‘previews’.

Viet thanh nguyen's award-winning novel, the sympathizer, interpellates an internal vietnamese reader alongside an american (or Anglo) reader through a dialectical appeal subsequently developed into a complex plot. The novel simultaneously demolishes the legitimacy of the American dream and that of the revolutionary communist one. Nguyen launches this two-sided attack with ironic digs whose target oscillates between Americans and Vietnamese. The critique begins lightheartedly when the Vietnamese-born, communist narrator concedes that the English of his American friend from the Central Intelligence Agency, Claude, is excellent—a point the narrator makes “only because the same could not be said” of Claude's fellow Americans (5). In the same disarming manner, he notes, “Even if” the narrator's Vietnamese compatriots “found themselves in Heaven,” they “would find occasion to remark that this was not as warm as Hell” (24). Then he turns back to “America,” which “would not be satisfied until it locked every nation of the world into a full nelson and made it cry Uncle Sam” (29). What quickly becomes evident is that the plot (and perhaps the point) is the narration. In an extraordinary formalist feat (or coincidence), the narrative illustrates the materialist dialectic as proposed by Marx and Engels (122-38). The narrator's confession, which frames the novel, becomes linked to his material reality in an extreme and vivid form when the narrator is imprisoned and consequently generates the narrative from the knowledge that his bruised body allows his mind to piece together. He incarnates, in his slippery and changeable identity, the essence of social reality: dynamism. This dynamism, as the subject (and hope) of Marx and Engels's theorization, illustrates through Nguyen's vertiginous plot the Marxian dialectic. The dialectic holds that opposites—as Hegel pointed out—inhere in one another and that the process of change occurs through transformation of quantity to quality. It also shows, dramatically, how the law of the negation of negation operates. These aspects of the dialectic are cleverly developed through a process that implicates the reader and is nothing short of brilliant, recalling the poem that opens Charles Baudelaire's collection Les fleurs du mal (Flowers of Evil), “Au lecteur” (“To the Reader”), at the end of which the poet addresses his reader as an “[h]ypocrite” (“hypocrite”) while also resembling him and being his “frère” (“brother”). Although Nguyen's narrator does not reach out to the reader in this type of direct address, he does establish complicity with the reader through the use of metaphor and revelations in the plot.

Gaining and holding office is the fundamental requirement for all prime ministers. This chapter explores their routes to power, by winning elections or by replacing an incumbent, and then assesses the differences the alternative routes make to the prime ministers’ fortunes. It asks how vulnerable prime ministers are to being replaced by rivals from their own party and shows how different institutional rules shape the strategic choices for those who want the top job. In Australia and New Zealand they must fight; in Canada they often flee; in Britain they fulminate but have difficulty in striking. A change in rules changes both the strategic options of the ambitious and the levers available to incumbent prime ministers.