Journal articles: 'Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices'

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Lie, Tjing T., and Wanhong Deng. "Optimal flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices allocation." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 19, no. 2 (February 1997): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-0615(96)00036-1.

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Kumar, Prashant. "Enhancement of Power Quality by an Application FACTS Devices." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v6.i1.pp10-17.

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The paper narrates widespread use of electrical energy by modern civilization has necessitated producing bulk electrical energy economically and efficiently. The Flexible AC Transmission system (FACTS) is a new technology based on power electronics, which offers an opportunity to enhance controllability, stability, and power transfer capability of AC transmission systems. Here SVC has been developed with the combination of TCSC and TCR. The paper contains simulation models of Thyristor controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) and Thyristor controlled Reactor (TCR)-based Static VAR Compensator (SVC) which are the series and shunt Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices. The fact devices are designed by considering the line losses and their stability. The design and simulations of TCSC and TCR-based SVC shows the effectiveness of result using the MATLAB/Simulink. The designed system will try to reduce the voltage drops and electrical losses in the network without the possibility of transient especially in case of long transmission system. Student feedback indicates that this package is user-friendly and considerably effective for students and researchers to study theory of controlled reactor compensators, series capacitor compensator, and the reactive power control and voltage regulation..

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Wang, Min, and Dan Zhen Gu. "The Application Research of HVDC & FACTS to Suppress the Power System Low-Frequency Oscillation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 704 (December 2014): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.704.190.

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With the widely application use of UHV（ultra- high- voltage） transmission，increased the system low frequency oscillations，and flexible application of high-voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) and flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) can improve the system damping oscillation inhibition. This paper Based on the research results in recent years, classify& summarize HVDC and FACTS devices the theoretical basis and the main application places, and according to the way of access system of parallel, series and parallel hybrid FACTS devices stable controller design and optimization are summarized and classified.

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Siddiqui, Anwar S., and Tanmoy Deb. "Congestion mitigation on high voltage power lines using multiple TCSC & UPFC." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 06, no. 02 (May 29, 2015): 1550023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962315500233.

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With severe overload on transmission lines, further exchange of power flow is affected due to congestion on power transmission lines. This paper investigates the effect of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices like TCSC and UPFC in congestion mitigation. The proposal uses multiple FACTS devices of similar type and investigates their effect on congestion mitigation in high voltage transmission lines. This proposal is tested on IEEE-14 bus system.

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Udaratin, Alexey, Kirill Loginov, Timur Akhmetov, and Alexandr Nemirovskiy. "Modeling of application the FACTS devices on the example of power system of United Power System of Center." E3S Web of Conferences 178 (2020): 01045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017801045.

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This paper considers installation of a flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) device on the 500 kV line of substation (SS) Belozerskaya - SS Vologodskaya of the United Power System of Center. Three FACTS devices in normal operation mode were modeled: a static reactive power compensator (STATCOM), a static synchronous series compensator, and a unified power flow control system. The obtained results are summarized in Table, which substantiates the choice of the best compensation for the Belozerskaya Vologodskaya line.

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Soleimani, K., and J. Mazloum. "Considering FACTS in Optimal Transmission Expansion Planning." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 5 (October 19, 2017): 1987–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1358.

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The expansion of power transmission systems is an important part of the expansion of power systems that requires enormous investment costs. Since the construction of new transmission lines is very expensive, it is necessary to choose the most efficient expansion plan that ensures system security with a minimal number of new lines. In this paper, the role of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices in the effective operation and expansion planning of transmission systems is examined. Effort was taken to implement a method based on sensitivity analysis to select the optimal number and location of FACTS devices, lines and other elements of the transmission system. Using this method, the transmission expansion plan for a 9 and a 39 bus power system was performed with and without the presence of FACTS with the use of DPL environment in Digsilent software 15.1. Results show that the use of these devices reduces the need for new transmission lines and minimizes the investment cost.

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Prasath, R. Arun, M. Vimalraj, M. Riyas Ahamed, and K. Srinivasa Rao. "Power System Loadability Maximization by Optimal Placement of Multiple-Type FACTS Devices Using PSO Based GUI." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 1286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.1286.

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This paper presents a graphical user interface (GUI) uses Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which is used to find the optimal locations and sizing parameters of multi type Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices in complex power systems. The GUI toolbox, offers user to choose a power system network, PSO settings and the type and number of FACTS devices for the selected network. In this paper, three different FACTS devices are implemented: SVC, TCSC and TCPST. FACTS devices are used to increase the system loadability, by reducing power flow on overloaded lines, transmission line losses, improving system stability and security. With this can make the transmission system more energy-efficient. PSO used here for optimally allocating and sizing the multiple type FACTS in a standardized power network (IEEE 30 bus system) in order to improve voltage profile, minimizing power system total losses and maximizing system loadability with respect to the size of FACTS.

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Dang, Khanh Tuan, and Liem Van Nguyen. "Applications of FACTS devices for improving power system transient stability." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 3 (August 30, 2015): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i3.884.

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As the power demand has been increasing rapidly, today’s modern power system becomes to be more complex and faces many challenges. It is envisaged that transient stability will play the important role in ensuring the steady state operation of power systems in the event of three phases fault or switching of lines. This paper investigates models of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) and applications of FACTS devices for improving the rotor angle stability. FACTS devices are applicable in shunt connection Static Var Compensator (SVC), in series connection Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC), or in the combination of both. Mathematical models of power systems having FACTS devices are set of Differential - Algebraic Equations (DAEs). Trapezoidal rule and Newton - Raphson method are applied to solve DAEs. The simulation results of rotor angles demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of proposed the SVC and TCSC on transient stability enhancement of power systems.

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Shakarian, Yu G., N. L. Novikov, P. V. Sokur, and A. N. Novikov. "Classification and Characteristics of Devices of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS)." Power Technology and Engineering 52, no. 6 (March 2019): 723–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10749-019-01022-y.

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Bhavithira, V., and A. Amudha. "Enhancement of Available Transfer Capability Using FACTS Controller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.340.

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Abstract. This paper discusses about the available transfer capability by using Unified Power Flow Controller-UPFC. Flexible AC Transmission System-FACTS devices helps to reduce power flow on overloaded lines, thereby increasing the loadability of the power system, transient stability, damp out oscillations and also provide security and efficient transmission system. UPFC is one of the most versatile FACTS controllers. It is used for both shunt and series compensation. Newton Raphson method is used to calculate load flow for IEEE 30 bus system. By optimally placing the FACTS device Available Transfer Capability-ATC is improved. The ATC is calculated by using AC Power Transfer Distribution Factor- ACPTDF and this method is based on the sensitivity approach. Imperialistic Competitive Algorithm (ICA) is used to find optimal location of placing UPFC to improve ATC.

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Shahbudin, Irham Syafiq, Ismail Musirin, Saiful Izwan Suliman, Afdallyna Fathiyah Harun, Sharifah Azma Syed Mustaffa, Hadi Suyono, and Nor Azura Md Ghani. "FACTS device installation in transmission system using whale optimization algorithm." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v8i1.1442.

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As the world is progressing forward, the load demand in the power system has been continuously increasing day by day. This situation has forced the power system to operate under stress condition due to its limitation. Therefore, due to the stressed condition, the transmission losses faced higher increment with a lower minimum voltage. Theoretically, the installation of the Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device can solve the problem experienced by the power system. This paper presents the Whale Optimization Algorithm for loss minimization using FACTS devices in the transmission system. Thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) is chosen for this study. In this study, WOA is developed to identify the optimal sizing of FACTS device for loss minimization in the power system. IEEE 30-bus RTS was used as the test system to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

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Haroon, Ayesha, Irfan Shafqat Javed, Huma Rehmat Baig, and Ali Nasir. "Modeling, Control and Placement of FACTS Devices: A Review." Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 39, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 719–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2004.04.

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Over the past two decades, developing distributed energy sources in electric power grid have created new challenges related to the power quality, voltage adjustment and proficient energy utilization. Power electronic converters are widely used to interface the emerging energy systems (without and with energy storage) and smart buildings with the transmission and distribution systems. Flexible Ac Transmission Systems (FACTS) and Voltage-Source Converters (VSC), with smart dynamic controllers, are emerging as stabilization and power filtering equipment to improve the power quality. FACTS devices are of vital significance for tackling the problem of voltage instability which is inevitable and leads to losses in transmission system networks. These devices provide fast voltage regulation, ensure system stability and reactive power compensation. In this regard, modeling, control and appropriate placement of these devices in the transmission lines have been of great importance for researchers of power transmission systems. By using high speed power electronic converters, FACTS perform many times faster than the conventional compensation techniques. FACTS not only provide fast voltage regulation but also damping of active power oscillations and reactive power compensation. Hence, they increase the availability and reliability of the power systems. But, the functioning of a FACTS device extremely reckons upon its parametric quantity, appropriate placement, and sizing in the power network. In this paper, an extensive literature survey is presented to discuss and investigate these parameters of FACTS devices.

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Khan, M. Y. A., U. Khalil, H. Khan, A. Uddin, and S. Ahmed. "Power Flow Control by Unified Power Flow Controller." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 2 (April 10, 2019): 3900–3904. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2587.

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The demand for electricity is increasing day by day and we have to produce more electrical energy to meet the load demands. Most of the experts prefer to extend the existing electrical networks over building the new network with greater costs. In this paper, the implementation of the flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices in a simple electrical network is described. FACTS devices enhance power transfer capacity of the line without laying out new transmission line. These devices also protect the system from overloading in case of any contingency in the electrical network. Moreover, this paper describes the impacts of FACTS devices on improving the voltage stability and power handling capability of a transmission line. The proposed methods for the controllable flow of active and reactive power in a transmission line are also elaborated. A simple electrical system is examined to explain the improvement in the constraints of power system using FACTS devices.

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Khamidov, Shukhrat, Sunnatilla Tillaev, and Bahrom Normuratov. "Improving the reliability of UPS Central Asia implementation of FACTS devices." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601103.

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The article analyzes the issues of increasing the reliability, stability, improving the control of power flows in electrical networks in the Unified Power System of Central Asia on the basis of the introduction of the Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) technology. The solution of the problems of regulation of operating parameters of electrical sistems is considered. An assessment of the economic effect from the introduction of FACTS technology in the energy system of Uzbekistan has been carried out.

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Jirapong, Peerapol. "FACTS Devices Allocation for Power Transfer Capability Enhancement and Power System Losses Reduction." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 2, no. 2 (April 2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2013040101.

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In this paper, a hybrid evolutionary algorithm (HEA) is proposed to determine the optimal placement of multi-type flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices to simultaneously maximize the total transfer capability (TTC) and minimize the system real power loss of power transfers in deregulated power systems. Multi-objective optimal power flow (OPF) with FACTS devices including TTC, power losses, and penalty functions is used to evaluate the feasible maximum TTC value and minimum power loss within real and reactive power generation limits, thermal limits, voltage limits, stability limits, and FACTS devices operation limits. Test results on the modified IEEE 30-bus system indicate that optimally placed OPF with FACTS by the HEA approach could enhance TTC far more than those from evolutionary programming (EP), tabu search (TS), hybrid tabu search and simulated annealing (TS/SA), and improved evolutionary programming (IEP) algorithms, leading to much efficient utilization of the existing transmission systems.

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Benyamina, Maamar, Mohamed Bouhamida, Tayeb Allaoui, Rachid Taleb, and Mouloud Denai. "Robust control of a UPFC system with H~ control technique." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp533-543.

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FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) technology has now been accepted as a potential solution to the stability problem and load flow. The Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is considered to be the most powerful and versatile among all FACTS devices. This paper presents the control of a UPFC system using Hinf robust control technique. A simulation study using Matlab/Simulink is presented to the performance of this control strategy and the robustness with respect to variations of the system parameters such as the inductance of the transmission line.

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Dutta, Susanta, Provas Kumar Roy, and Debashis Nandi. "Artificial Bee Colony Optimization for Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Incorporating FACTS Devices." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 3, no. 2 (April 2014): 38–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2014040103.

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This paper illustrates, for the first time, the use of artificial bee colony optimization (ABC) technique to study optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) in power system with the use of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS). FACTS controller cannot only increase the power transmission capacity without installing new transmission lines, but they can also enhance voltage profile and reduce transmission loss in power system. Two types of FACTS devices namely, thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC) and thyristor-controlled phase shifter (TCPS) are considered in this paper. A standard IEEE 30-bus test system with multiple TCSC and TCPS devices is used for two different objective functions to validate the performance of the proposed method. The simulation results demonstrates the ability of the ABC to produce better optimal solutions compared to particle swarm optimization with inertia weight approach (PSOIWA) and real coded genetic algorithm (RGA).

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Zhou, Xue Song, Chun Ji, and You Jie Ma. "Review of STATCOM Effects on Relay Protection of Power System." Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 639–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.639.

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Flexible AC transmission technology (FACTS) is a new technology developed in recent years. It use power electronic technology and modern control technology to achieve fast control for AC transmission system parameter and structure [, to achieve the rational allocation of transmission power, reduce the power loss and the cost of power generation, greatly improve the stability and reliability of the system. STATCOM is based on the principle of reactive power compensation, using full-controlled switching devices to compose self-commutated inventer, complemented by small-capacity storage elements constitute reactive power compensation device. Its role in the power system is the compensation of reactive power, maintain the voltage of the connection point, improve system voltage stability, and improve the steady performance and dynamic performance of the system.

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Khalil, Umair, Muhammad Yousaf Ali Khan, Umer Amir Khan, and Shahid Atiq. "Power Flow Control by Unified Power Flow Controller." April 2020 39, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2002.04.

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The demand of energy usage is increasing rapidly and to meet the energy requirements, best possible transmission systems should be adopted to avoid energy losses in our transmission systems. In Pakistan’s WAPDA (Water & Power Development Authority) system, the rapid increase in load and less generation capacity has increased load shedding thought the country. The government has planned to increase the generation capacity but the supply companies are facing line load-ability, environmental constraints, power limitations problems etc. Most of the supply companies prefer to extend the existing electrical networks instead of building new network to reduce financial burdens. In this paper the implementation of the FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) Devices in an electrical network is described. The FACTS devices enhance power transfer capacity of the line without adding new transmission line. These devices also protect the system from overloading in case of any contingency in the electrical network. The control of power flow, reactive power compensation and voltage control are the main capabilities of FACTS devices. This paper describes the impacts of FACTS devices on improving the voltage stability and power handling capability of a transmission line. The proposed methods for the controllable flow of active and reactive power in a transmission line are also elaborated. A simple electrical system is examined to explain the improvement in the constraints of power system using FACTS devices.

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Huang, Chao Ming, Yann Chang Huang, and Kun Yuan Huang. "An Advanced Technology for Enhancement of Transmission Loadability Using FACTS Devices." Applied Mechanics and Materials 302 (February 2013): 502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.302.502.

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This paper proposes an advanced technology to enhance the transfer capability of transmission system using flexible AC transmission system (FACTS). FACTS consists of thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC), thyristor-controlled phase shifting transformer (TCPST), thyristor-controlled voltage regulator (TCVR) and static var compensator (SVC). The location of FACTS and their associated values dominate the transfer capability of transmission system. To determine the optimal solution of FACTS, this paper presents an enhanced differential evolution (EDE) approach to deal with this type of optimization problem. In comparison with basic DE, EDE uses a variable scaling mutation to adaptively adjust the mutation operation and enhance the global search capability of basic DE. The proposed method is verified on an IEEE 30-bus 41-transmission line system. To verify the performance of the proposed method, the basic DE and particle swarm optimization (PSO) methods are also implemented using the same database. The results show that the proposed approach provides better transmission loadability with less execution time than the existing methods.

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Gianto, Rudy. "Penggunaan UPFC (Unified Power Flow Controller) untuk Perbaikan Kestabilan Sistem Tenaga Listrik yang Terinterkoneksi." Electrician 15, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/elc.v15n1.2179.

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Intisari — Makalah ini membahas penggunaan peralatan FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) untuk meningkatkan atau memperbaiki kestabilan sistem tenaga listrik yang terinterkoneksi. Peralatan FACTS pada umumnya digunakan untuk mengendalikan aliran daya-aktif dan/atau daya-reaktif serta untuk mengontrol besarnya tegangan sistem. Namun demikian, dengan memasang alat kontrol tambahan, peralatan FACTS dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan redaman elektromekanik dan kestabilan sistem tenaga listrik sebagai fungsi sekundernya. Salah satu peralatan FACTS yang cukup populer saat ini adalah UPFC (Unified Power Flow Controller). UPFC merupakan peralatan FACTS generasi ketiga. Peralatan ini menggabungkan kompensator shunt dan kapasitor seri statik menjadi satu peralatan dengan sistem kendali terpadu. UPFC memiliki kemampuan unik untuk mengendalikan aliran daya listrik dan tegangan secara simultan sehingga memiliki potensi untuk digunakan dalam meningkatkan redaman dan kestabilan sistem. Makalah ini menyelidiki aplikasi dari UPFC pada peningkatan kestabilan sistem tenaga listrik yang terinterkoneksi. Keefektifan dari peralatan tersebut dalam memperbaiki penampilan dinamik dan meningkatkan kestabilan suatu sistem tenaga telah dikonfirmasi melalui hasil-hasil perhitungan nilaieigen dan divalidasi dengan menggunakan simulasi domain-waktu.Kata kunci — FACTS, UPFC, Redaman, Kestabilan, Sistem Tenaga Listrik Abstract — This paper discusses an application of FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) device in improving the stability of interconnected electric power system. FACTS devices are used primarily for controlling active- and/or reactive-power and also for voltage regulation. However, by employing some supplementary controllers, it can also be used for enhancing system electromechanical damping and stability as its secondary function. One of the most popular FACTS devices is UPFC (Unified Power Flow Controller). UPFC is a third generation of FACTS device. This device combines the shunt compensator and static series capacitor as one device with a unified control system. UPFC has a unique ability in controlling simultaneously system power flow and voltage, and therefore, has a potential to be used for system damping and stability improvement. This paper investigates an application of UPFC in improving the stability of interconnected power system. The effectiveness of the device in enhancing system dynamic performance and stability has been confirmed through eigenvalue calculations and validated using time-domain simulations.Keywords— FACTS, UPFC, Damping, Stability, Electric Power System

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Kianersi, Hadi, and Hamid Asadi. "Voltage Stability Improvement By Using FACTS Elements With Economic Consideration." Ciência e Natura 37 (December 19, 2015): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x20767.

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In last two decades due to increasing power demand power systems are operated to their maximum operation conditions. It will cause to any problems that one of these is voltage instability. To overcome this problem Flexible AC Transmission Systems(FACTS) have been used in power systems. The FACTS devices improves system stability, reduce losses and power generation cost. Best location of FACTS devices will help to maintain bus voltages at desired level, reduce cost of these devices and improve voltage stability margins. This paper presents the methods to location and rating of FACTS devices are optimized with using weighted coefficients method and Sterength Paretto Evolutionary Algorithm(SPEA).Thyristor controlled series capacitor(TCSC)and Static Var Compensator(SVC)are also considered in this paper.

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Xiong, Xin Hua, Zun Nan Min, and Ting Jian Zhong. "The Application of the UPFC in Power System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 1371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.1371.

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UPFC is one of the flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) compensation devices, it has a comprehensive compensation function, UPFC has the characteristic functions as follows: fast anddynamical adjusting the parameters of electricity transmission system, such as voltage, impedance, phase angle, active power and reactive power, expanding thecapacity of electricity transmission, improving the stability of power system and optimizing the operation of power system.So it is a perfect fashion for active and reactive power controller, and also it has the function of regulating voltage.

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Kaswii, Violet, and Michael Juma Saulo. "Voltage Profile Improvement with Combined UPFC and IPFC Facts Devices: A Review." Multidisciplinary Journal of Technical University of Mombasa 1, no. 1 (November 27, 2020): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.48039/mjtum.v1i1.13.

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The interline power flow controller (IPFC) and the unified power flow controller (UPFC) are both advanced types of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS). These devices can provide the power system with control of voltage, and that of real and reactive power. This paper reviews the literature on UPFC and IPFC FACTS devices in voltage control and covers two main areas of research (i) voltage control using FACTS devices, and (ii) UPFCs / IPFCs and their applications in power systems. FACTs devices are applied in modern power system networks for the purpose of voltage control while at the same time providing enhanced power system stability. Research has shown that their benefits in the long run outweighs their high cost especially when they are optimally sized and located in the power network. Moreover, in the planning of power transmission systems, a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique can help in the incorporation of both the costs and technical viability. This approach provides techno-economic optimization and at the same time meeting environmental criteria.

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Coronado de Koster, Othón Aram, and José Antonio Domínguez-Navarro. "Multi-Objective Tabu Search for the Location and Sizing of Multiple Types of FACTS and DG in Electrical Networks." Energies 13, no. 11 (May 28, 2020): 2722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112722.

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Flexible AC transmission systems and distributed generation units in power systems provide several benefits such as voltage stability, power loss minimization, thermal limits enhancement, or enables power system management close to the limit operation points; and by extension, economic benefits such as power fuel cost and power loss cost minimization. This work presents a multi-objective optimization algorithm to determine the location and size of hybrid solutions based on a combination of Flexible AC transmission systems devices and distributed generation. Further, the work expands the types of FACTS usually considered. The problem is solved by means of a Tabu search algorithm with good results when tested in a network of 300 nodes.

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Gurijala, Sridhar Babu, K. S. Srikanth, Ramchandra Nittala, and G. Rohit Reddy. "Transmission system regularization with 5-level cascaded IPFC." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1437-1445.

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In recent years, there is an immensely huge demand to power due to industrialization and modernization, butcorrespondingly the amplification of generation and transmission has not been done due to constrained resources and environmental limitations. The huge growth in demand leads to various problems in power systems. Heavy growth in semiconductor technology made power electronics plays a key role in solving these problems. Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices are used for fixing various problems in power system. They are used for enhancing the existing transmission capabilities and improving the system dynamic performance so that to make transmission system flexible and efficient in operation. Inter line power flow controller (IPFC) is a latest generation series connected FACTS device, having capability of controlling power flow among multi line in a transmission network. In this paper cascaded 5 level inverter is used as the inverter module for IPFC. Control techniques play a vital role in power flow control in the system, with the main objective of minimization of harmonics and obtaining a variable output with maximum fundamental component. This paper discusses various comparative case studies on IPFC with cascaded 5 level inverter using SPWM and SVM control techniques.

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Agrawal, Hanuman P., and Hariom Bansal. "FACT Controllers and their Optimal Location: An Extensive Review." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 13, no. 8 (December 3, 2020): 1206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096513999200714102628.

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Background: The power industry has been evolving continuously and influenced by a competitive deregulated market. The crucial demand to maximize the efficiency of the existing equipment requires it’s proper management. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) are flexible devices, which provide dynamic control over the power system to cope with its dynamic nature. Methods: An extensive review is carried out on FACT devices covering its classification, importance, optimal placement and influence on the power systems. Results: In this paper, different techniques to identify the optimal location of placing FACT devices have been discussed and compared, as the placement of these devices in the power system is of utmost importance for its efficiency. Conclusion: This paper summarizes techniques available for optimal placement of FACTS devices in order to improve power system performance. It will serve as a ready reference for the future researchers in this field and help them in selecting the proper devices to carry out their work.

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Latha, Bojaraj Soumya, and A. Amudha. "Optimal Placement of Unified Power Flow Controller in the Transmission Line Using SFL Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.352.

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A power system structure has the generation, transmission and the distribution systems. During the transfer of power from the generation system to the distribution system, transmission line losses are occurred. To reduce the losses and keep the system stable, many controllers are being used. The Flexible AC Transmission systems (FACTS) are the modern controllers finding application in the power systems. The Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is considered to be the best among the FACTS devices. It is installed in the transmission line to maintain the voltage of the system within the prescribe limits. The location to fix the UPFC is found using Shuffled Leap Frog Algorithm (SLFA). The transformer ratio is varied from its nominal value. Testing is done using an IEEE 30 bus system and the results are discussed.

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Pandey, Vipin Kumar, and Dr Malaya Saurava Dash. "MODELING OF 14 BUS SYSTEM WITH UPFC FOR TRANSIENT STABILITY ENHANCEMENT." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 5, no. 4 (April 12, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v5i4.219.

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The revolution of Power Electronics Technology has given opportunities for developing the FACTS devices for stable operation of power system. In the last two decades number of Power Electronic based devices are implemented and known as FACTS (Flexible AC transmission System).These devices are effectively used for voltage control, power flow control, harmonic elimination, damping oscillation and improving transient stability and minimization of losses. Static and Transient stability enhancement of IEEE 14 bus system is done with the help of UPFC. Fault is created at a bus and the results show that by properly placing UPFC, settling time of the system can be reduced considerably making the system stable with fewer oscillations.

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Lemdani, Soufiane, and Habib Benbouhenni. "Improving Voltage Stability of Electrical Power System by Optimal Location of FACTS Devices Using an Evolutionary Method." Tecnica Italiana-Italian Journal of Engineering Science 65, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ti-ijes.650116.

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In the present work, a new approach for improving voltage stability by optimal location of the Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices has been discussed. We used Genetic Algorithm (GA) as an optimization technique to search the good placements of different FACTS systems in great electrical networks and its contribution to enhance voltage stability. Various FACTS devices were used in our study such as SVC, TCSC, SSSC, STATCOM, TCVR, TCPST and UPFC. The search of optimal parameters of those devices has been also investigated. The method presented in the paper was tested by using Matlab/environment. In addition, the proposed method has been implemented and tested on various IEEE power systems; 14Bus, 57Bus, and 118Bus. The obtained results show the validity of the proposed method.

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Marrero Vera, Samuel, Ignacio Nuez, and Mario Hernandez-Tejera. "A FACTS Devices Allocation Procedure Attending to Load Share." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 1976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081976.

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Power system stability is a topic which is attracting considerable interest due to the increase of both electrical demand and distributed variable generation. Since Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices are an increasingly widespread solution to these issues, it is important to study how their allocation procedure should be done. This paper seeks to assess the influence of load share in FACTS devices allocation. Despite this interest, researchers, as well as system planners, have mainly focused on studying single power system configuration rather than using a wider approach. Keeping this in mind, we have iteratively created several load share scenarios based on an IEEE 14-bus test system. Subsequently, we have applied an heuristic procedure in order to demonstrate how load share may affect the results of the FACTS devices allocation procedure. Additionally, we have compared results from two different objective functions so as to evaluate our proposal. Finally, we have proposed a solution to FACTS allocation which takes load share into account. Our tests have revealed that, depending on the distribution of load within the power system, the optimal location for a FACTS device may change. Furthermore, we have also found some discrepancies and similarities between results from distinct objective functions.

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Roy, P. K., S. P. Ghoshal, and S. S. Thakur. "Optimal Power Flow with TCSC and TCPS Modeling using Craziness and Turbulent Crazy Particle Swarm Optimization." International Journal of Swarm Intelligence Research 1, no. 3 (July 2010): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsir.2010070103.

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This paper presents two new Particle swarm optimization methods to solve optimal power flow (OPF) in power system incorporating flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS). Two types of FACTS devices, thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC) and thyristor controlled phase shifting (TCPS), are considered. In this paper, the problems of OPF with FACTS are solved by using particle swarm optimization with the inertia weight approach (PSOIWA), real coded genetic algorithm (RGA), craziness based particle swarm optimization (CRPSO), and turbulent crazy particle swarm optimization (TRPSO). The proposed methods are implemented on modified IEEE 30-bus system for four different cases. The simulation results show better solution quality and computation efficiency of TRPSO and CRPSO algorithms over PSOIWA and RGA. The study also shows that FACTS devices are capable of providing an economically attractive solution to OPF problems.

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Abusorrah, Abdullah M. "Optimal Power Flow Using Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Controllers." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/975170.

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This paper presents an approach for optimum reactive power dispatch through the power network with flexible AC transmission systems (FACTSs) devices, using adaptive fuzzy logic controller (AFLC) driven by adaptive fuzzy sets (AFSs). The membership functions of AFLC are optimized based on 2nd-order fuzzy set specifications. The operation of FACTS devices (particularly, static VAR compensator (SVC)) and the setting of their control parameters (QSVC) are optimized dynamically based on the proposed AFLC to enhance the power system stability in addition to their main function of power flow control. The proposed AFLC is compared with a static fuzzy logic controller (SFLC), driven by a fixed fuzzy set (FFS). Simulation studies were carried out and validated on the standard IEEE 30-bus test system.

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Tarraso, Andres, Ngoc-Bao Lai, Gregory N. Baltas, and Pedro Rodriguez. "Power Quality Services Provided by Virtually Synchronous FACTS." Energies 12, no. 17 (August 27, 2019): 3292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12173292.

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The variable and unpredictable behavior of renewable energies impacts the performance of power systems negatively, threatening their stability and hindering their efficient operation. Flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) devices are able to emulate the connection of parallel and series impedances in the transmission system, which improves the regulation of power systems with a high share of renewables, avoiding congestions, enhancing their response in front of contingencies and, in summary, increasing their utilization and reliability. Proper control of voltage and current under distorted and unbalanced transient grid conditions is one of the most critical issues in the control of FACTS devices to emulate such apparent impedances. This paper describes how the synchronous power controller (SPC) can be used to implement virtually synchronous FACTS. It presents the SPC functionalities, emphasizing in particular the importance of virtual admittance emulation by FACTS devices in order to control transient unbalanced currents during faults and attenuate harmonics. Finally, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of SPC-based FACTS devices in improving power quality of electrical networks. This is a result of their contribution to voltage balancing at point of connection during asymmetrical faults and the improvement of grid voltage quality by controlling harmonics flow.

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Inkollu, Sai Ram, and Venkata Reddy Kota. "A Multi-objective Hybrid Heuristic Approach for Optimal Setting of FACTS Devices in Power System Operation." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 5, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v5.i3.pp120-129.

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Improvement of power system performance in terms of increased voltage profile and decreased transmission loss is becoming one of the challenging tasks to the system operators under open access environment. Apart from traditional power flow controlling devices, use of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices can give an attractive solution for the operation and control of deregulated power system. The type, size, location and number of FACTS devices are to be optimized appropriately in order to get the targeted benefits. In this paper, two FACTS devices, Thyristor Controller Phase Shift Transformer (TCPST) and Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) are selected to obtain the required performance such as improvement of voltage profile and loss minimization. To search the optimal location and optimal rating of the selected FACTS devices, a hybrid algorithm which formulated with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is proposed. At the first step, the optimization problem is solved for finding the optimal location of FACTS devices using PSO with an objective of voltage profile maximization and later GSA is implemented to optimize their parameters with an objective of transmission loss minimization. The proposed method is implemented on IEEE 30-bus test system and from the simulation results it can be proved that this technique is well suited for real-time application.

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Felix Stephen, S., and Dr I. Jacob Raglend. "Voltage Regulation Using STATCOM with PI and Adaptive PI Controls." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.1 (August 4, 2018): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.1.17082.

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In power systems, voltage instability problems occur due to its continuous demand in heavily loaded networks. So it is essential to stabilize the voltage levels in power systems. The stabilization of power systems can be improved by Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices. One of the FACTS devices named Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) injects the compensating current in phase quadrature with line voltage and replicate as inductive reactance to produce capacitive power for the AC grid or as capacitive reactance to draw inductive power from the AC grid for controlling power flow in the line. This paper proposes Adaptive PI control over conventional PI that normally self-adjusts the controller gains under disturbances and helps in improving the performance and attaining a preferred response, irrespective of the change of working conditions. The work is implemented under MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. This method performs more efficient than the original PI with fixed control gains and also improves the system response speed consistently.

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Pilla, Azar, and Gorripotu. "Impact of Flexible AC Transmission System Devices on Automatic Generation Control with a Metaheuristic Based Fuzzy PID Controller." Energies 12, no. 21 (November 2, 2019): 4193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12214193.

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The present work proposes a teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO)-tuned fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller of two-area hydro-thermal generating units for automatic generation control (AGC). The proposed system takes into account the physical constraints such as transport delay (TD), generation rate constraint (GRC), and governor dead band (GDB) nonlinearities. Firstly, fuzzy PID controllers were designed for both the areas and their gains were optimized using various minimization objective function criteria. Furthermore, applications of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices such as static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC), thyristor-controlled phase shifter (TCPS), and unified power flow controller (UPFC) were investigated by integrating FACTS devices in appropriate locations of the system. The simulation results revealed that the minimum objective values were attained when the UPFC was placed in the system. Lastly, robustness analysis was done to observe the capability of the proposed controller with UPFC by changing system parameters and considering random load disturbances.

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Bhattacharyya, B., Vikash Kumar Gupta, and Sanjay Kumar. "Comparative study of GA & DE algorithm for the economic operation of a power system using FACTS devices." Archives of Electrical Engineering 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 541–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aee-2013-0044.

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Abstract The problem of improving the voltage profile and reducing power loss in electrical networks must be solved in an optimal manner. This paper deals with comparative study of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE) based algorithm for the optimal allocation of multiple FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) devices in an interconnected power system for the economic operation as well as to enhance loadability of lines. Proper placement of FACTS devices like Static VAr Compensator (SVC), Thyristor Controlled Switched Capacitor (TCSC) and controlling reactive generations of the generators and transformer tap settings simultaneously improves the system performance greatly using the proposed approach. These GA & DE based methods are applied on standard IEEE 30 bus system. The system is reactively loaded starting from base to 200% of base load. FACTS devices are installed in the different locations of the power system and system performance is observed with and without FACTS devices. First, the locations, where the FACTS devices to be placed is determined by calculating active and reactive power flows in the lines. GA and DE based algorithm is then applied to find the amount of magnitudes of the FACTS devices. Finally the comparison between these two techniques for the placement of FACTS devices are presented.

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Kang, Tong, Jiangang Yao, ThanhLong Duong, Shengjie Yang, and Xiangqian Zhu. "A Hybrid Approach for Power System Security Enhancement via Optimal Installation of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) Devices." Energies 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en10091305.

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Khokhar, Rizwana, and Mahendra Lalwani. "Analysis of different aspects by flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) and distributed-FACTS (D-FACTS) devices on IEEE 14, 30 and 57 bus system." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 10, no. 4 (August 31, 2018): 1084–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21817/ijet/2018/v10i4/181004005.

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Long, Duong Thanh. "OPTIMAL POWER FLOW WITH TCSC DEVICE USING CUCKOO OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 3A (March 20, 2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/3a/11958.

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Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem is an optimization tool through which secure and economic operating conditions of power system is obtained. In recent years, Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices, have led to the development of controllers that provide controllability and flexibility for power transmission. Series FACTS devices such as Thyristor controlled series compensators (TCSC), with its ability to directly control the power flow can be very effective to power system security. Thus, integration TCSC in the OPF is one of important current problems and is a suitable method for better utilization of the existing system. This paper is applied Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA) for the solution of the OPF problem of power system equipped with TCSC. The proposed approach has been examined and tested on the IEEE 30-bus system. The results presented in this paper demonstrate the potential of COA algorithm and show its effectiveness for solving the OPF problem with TCSC devices over the other evolutionary optimization techniques.

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Mehedi, Ibrahim M., Jahin Al Hasan Joy, Md Rafiqul Islam, Nayeema Hasan, Ubaid M. Al-Saggaf, Ahmad H. Milyani, Ahmed I. Iskanderani, Abdullah Abusorrah, Muhyaddin Rawa, and Hussain Bassi. "Reducing Fault Current by Using FACTS Devices to Improve Electrical Power Flow." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (September 17, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8116816.

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Today, there is a large increase in the demand for electricity. The transmission and distribution networks, however, cannot fulfill unbound demands due to the scarcity of resources. Power lines have losses which make the situation more unfavorable for maximum power transfer. Implementing a flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) is one of the best ways to reduce line losses. This paper proposes a FACTS-based method for minimizing the fault current in the system. Switchgear and protection equipment also perform better when this is done. Moreover, due to the reduced fault current of the switched system, a larger amount of power can be transmitted. Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), and unified power flow controller (UPFC) are evaluated in this case. With STATCOM and UPFC, fault currents are significantly reduced. Furthermore, STATCOM and UPFC can also reduce the fault currents in the power system in addition to voltage regulation and power flow control. A MATLAB/Simulink model is used to evaluate the model’s feasibility.

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Prasad, K. Durga Syam, K. Sravanthi, and Dr Ch Sai Babu. "Upfc Compensated Transmission Line Fault Location Based on Travelling Wave Theory and Wavelet Modulus Maxima." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.24 (November 27, 2018): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.24.21861.

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Location of fault in a transmission line which includes flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices is a difficult task. This paper comprises of unified power flow controller (UPFC). The implementation control technique for UPFC devices set up dynamic problems in power system that must be reflecting on issues related to power system protection. The occurrence of a fault in the fault loop containing a UPFC affects transient and steady-state parameters of voltage and current in the power system. In this paper the identification of fault section before or after UPFC for a transmission line with wavelet fuzzy logic system discriminator. Wavelet technique extracts features, and the faulty location is found when the normalized features are fed to the fuzzy logic system. As soon as the fault section is located, the control shifts to that and is analyzed basing on the representation of the traveling wave theory through wavelet modulus maxima. This criterion detects the faulty section with respect to FACTS device very accuratelyin terms of distance from relay point. The above-said method is simulated for various fault situations and locations with wide changes in the conditions of operation in the presence of UPFC.

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Duraisamy, Prasanth, and Arul Ponnusamy. "Power System Performance Improvement by Optimal Placement and Sizing of SVC using Genetic Algorithm." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 6, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v6.i2.pp55-62.

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The power system loss minimization becomes more important as the need of power generation is more recent days. The loss minimization improves the voltage profile which improves the loadability of the system. In many types of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices static var compensators (SVC) are cost vise it is affordable and it improves the system performance with lesser size. Here SVC is optimally placed in a test system of 30 bus system. Genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal results.

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Duraisamy, Prasanth, and Arul Ponnusamy. "Power System Performance Improvement by Optimal Placement and Sizing of SVC using Genetic Algorithm." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 6, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v6.i2.pp56-63.

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The power system loss minimization becomes more important as the need of power generation is more recent days. The loss minimization improves the voltage profile which improves the loadability of the system. In many types of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices Static Var Compensators (SVC) are cost vise it is affordable and it improves the system performance with lesser size. Here SVC is optimally placed in a test system of 30 bus system. Genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal results.

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46

Mohammed, Husam Hasan, Hiba Zuhair Abdul Kareem, and Wafaa Mohammed Ridha Ridha. "IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM USING THE GENETIC ALGORITHM TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMUM LOCATION AND FACTS DEVICES." IIUM Engineering Journal 21, no. 2 (July 4, 2020): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v21i2.1273.

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As the world's energy consumption increases, the expansion of the energy system becomes increasingly important. However, the creation of new transmission lines requires excessive costs and time if the same transmission capacity is to be added to the existing network. Today's electrical networks are faced with high risks of voltage instability and real power losses. This development tends to occur due to the lack of reactive control power (RPL) in heavily stressed operating conditions caused by increased demand for loads and the rapid development of power systems worldwide. This paper has adopted the setting of FACTS (flexible AC transmission system) devices as additional control parameters for reducing transmission losses in power system static types of two FACTS devices consisting of SVC (static VAR compensators) while the TCSC (thermistor controlled series compensator) is included in the issue formulation. During this paper, the proposed algorithm was to determine the optimal placement of power network devices by genetic algorithm to manage reactive power, reduce losses, increase the transmission capacity and power lines, and help simulate the IEEE 24 bus control system and also the position of FACTS devices. ABSTRAK: Apabila penggunaan tenaga dunia semakin meningkat, penambahan sistem tenaga sangat penting. Walau bagaimanapun, penciptaan talian penghantaran terkini memerlukan kos yang berlebihan dan had masa jika kapasiti penghantaran yang sama digunakan dengan lebih tinggi. Dalam rangkaian elektrik hari ini, unit ini berhadapan dengan risiko ketidakstabilan voltan dan putus bekalan tenaga. Penambahan sistem tenaga ini cenderung berlaku disebabkan kekurangan kuasa kawalan reaktif (RPL) dalam keadaan beban operasi yang besar disebabkan oleh peningkatan beban permintaan dan perkembangan pesat sistem kuasa di seluruh dunia. Kertas ini telah mengguna pakai peranti FACTS (sistem penghantaran AC fleksibel) sebagai parameter kawalan tambahan bagi mengurangkan kehilangan penghantaran dalam sistem kuasa statik dua peranti FACTS yang terdiri daripada SVC (pemampas VAR statik) manakala TCSC (pemampas siri termistor kawalan) adalah termasuk dalam perumusan isu. Dalam kertas kerja ini, algoritma yang dicadangkan adalah penempatan optimum peranti rangkaian kuasa oleh algoritma genetik bagi mengurus kuasa reaktif juga mengurangkan kerugian dan meningkatkan kapasiti penghantaran dan kabel elektrik dan membantu menyerupai sistem kawalan bas IEEE 24 dan juga kedudukan peranti FACTS di mana ia terbukti berkesan.

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VENU, V. VIJAY, and A. K. VERMA. "RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT FOR PLANNING AND OPERATIONAL PROCESS ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN DEREGULATED POWER SYSTEMS USING ATC." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 17, no. 03 (June 2010): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539310003809.

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In this paper, beginning with a concise overview of the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) evaluation methods, we make a proposition for reliability management in the planning horizon of deregulated power systems through the concept of Adequacy Resiliency. The derived indices are meant as indicators of adaptability of power systems to ensure the required reliability levels. Improvements to this conceptualization upon the deployment of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices are then put forward. We also explore the option of employing the created indices to the operational horizon of power systems, explaining the means of market enhancement. Core reliability issues arising out of the usage of FACTS are then discussed.

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Hameed, Jawad, Hameed Ali Mohammed, and Amer T. Saeed. "Selection the optimum place of FACTS devices using fuzzy control system." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 1805. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i4.pp1805-1815.

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In this paper, the voltage stability of the power system is studied during fault conditions. Enhancement of the system’s stability will be achieved by utilizing Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) controllers at the best place in the system. The optimum placement of (FACTS) controllers occurred on the most affected bus by the fault in the system (weakest bus). Two approaches have been used in this study to effectively obtain the best location of the (FACTS) controllers in the system. The first method is based on computing the deviation which occurs in the active power and reactive power due to the fault at each load bus at a time. Whereas the second method is performed through exploiting a MATLAB fuzzy set technique utilizing two indices: Line Flow Index (LFI) and Voltage Profile Index (VPI) during fault and steady-state conditions. The results show that both of these indices resulted in the same bus as the best location. Remedial actions in the attempt at improving in the stability of the power system are discussed taking the advantage of using (FACTS) compensation (SVC) and (STATCOM) at the most vulnerable system buses. In this work, MATLAB program with an IEEE 24 bus system is examined.

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Abdollahi, Arsalan, Ali Ghadimi, Mohammad Miveh, Fazel Mohammadi, and Francisco Jurado. "Optimal Power Flow Incorporating FACTS Devices and Stochastic Wind Power Generation Using Krill Herd Algorithm." Electronics 9, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9061043.

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This paper deals with investigating the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) solution of power systems considering Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices and wind power generation under uncertainty. The Krill Herd Algorithm (KHA), as a new meta-heuristic approach, is employed to cope with the OPF problem of power systems, incorporating FACTS devices and stochastic wind power generation. The wind power uncertainty is included in the optimization problem using Weibull probability density function modeling to determine the optimal values of decision variables. Various objective functions, including minimization of fuel cost, active power losses across transmission lines, emission, and Combined Economic and Environmental Costs (CEEC), are separately formulated to solve the OPF considering FACTS devices and stochastic wind power generation. The effectiveness of the KHA approach is investigated on modified IEEE-30 bus and IEEE-57 bus test systems and compared with other conventional methods available in the literature.

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Deepa, SN, and J. Rizwana. "Minimization of losses and FACTS installation cost using proposed differential gravitational search algorithm optimization technique." Journal of Vibration and Control 23, no. 2 (August 9, 2016): 235–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546315576612.

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The optimal location of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) controllers in a multi-machine power system using proposed differential gravitational search algorithm (DGSA) optimization method is proposed in this paper. The main objective of this paper is to employ DGSA optimization technique to solve optimal power flow problem in the presence of Unified Power Flow controller for improving voltage profile by reducing losses along with the installation cost thereby enhancing the power system stability. A differential operator is incorporated into the gravitational search algorithm for effective search of the better solution. Due to this, the convergence and accuracy will be faster. The IEEE-6 bus, IEEE-14 bus and IEEE-30 bus systems are tested along with three other optimization techniques to validate the effectiveness of this proposed method. This proposed algorithm presents an optimal location of FACTS devices in transmission lines.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices'

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