Journal articles: 'Flexite'

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Costan, Victor Vlad, Norina Consuela Forna, Oana Elena Ciurcanu, Daniela Sulea, Andrada Doscas, Zenovia Surlari, Dan Bosinceanu, et al. "Improvements to Biomaterials Structure Used in Acrylic Prostheses." Materiale Plastice 57, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.20.3.5399.

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Achievements in the field of biomaterials have as a basis three scientific domains: chemistry, biology and physics, then the technical application or the putting up culminating with clinical achievements. Dental prostheses, regardless of their type, replaced the lack of teeth. Although, mainly, many people that lost their teeth could continue life with the help of prostheses in a way pretty decent, dental prostheses shows some disadvantages that make them even unbearable for some people. The study aims at analyzing the biological behavior of sandwich type structures that reunite the classic acrylate and a silicone layer, namely the Flexite type elastic acrylate. We used a silicone material, RUBBER 732 RTV, which is frequently used in mucous-bone support deficits, especially in oral maxillofacial surgery post interventions. The tensile strength was tested ona TEXTENSER traction test machine, in view of establishing the chemical analysis of the 2 materials used. Regarding the maximum tensile strength for sandwich-type test samples, the flexible acrylate - silicone RUBBER 732 RTV structure broke at 1125N, while for the classic acrylate - silicone material a fracture value of 950N was recorded. The structure of the two biomaterials within the sandwich type test samples decisively influences the force and tension at which the fracture occurs, as well as the fracture route, which is linear, without the displacement of fragments, both the flexible acrylate and the silicone being affected, respectively a linear route at the level of the acrylic structure, affecting the acrylate - silicone interface for the classic acrylate - silicone test samples.

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Abro, Zamir Ahmed, Zhang Yi-Fan, Chen Nan-Liang, Hong Cheng-Yu, Rafique Ahmed Lakho, and Habiba Halepoto. "A novel flex sensor-based flexible smart garment for monitoring body postures." Journal of Industrial Textiles 49, no. 2 (March 6, 2019): 262–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083719832854.

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Posture monitoring and investigation in wearable technology play a significant role in the analysis of body postures. This study aims to develop a new flexible smart garment realized by stitching flex sensors at different joint positions for sensing flexion angles in static and kinematic motions. Calibration tests were conducted by systematically flexing wrist, elbow, and knee joints, respectively. A male subject then wore the developed flexible smart garment to sense different body postures. The measured data from flex sensors inside the smart garment exhibited immediate response after each joint movement of the male subject. The minimum measurement sensitivities of flex sensors mounted at the knee, elbow, and wrist was 0.94°, 0.8°, and 0.56°, respectively. Measured flexion angle changes were within 80°, 95°, and 140° ranges from knee, elbow, and wrist. Both stand and walk tests at a velocity of 4 km/h indicate that the flexion angles of three joint positions include wrist, elbow, and knee joints can be effectively monitored using the flex sensor–based smart garment. Flex sensor can be employed to monitor body joint movement and future to identify different postures of body joints in practice. The flexible smart garments cannot be washed.

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Takikawa, Kyouhei, Takahiro Kanno, Gen Endo, and Kenji Kawashima. "Development of Surgical Forceps Manipulator Using Flexible Joint and Two Pneumatic Cylinder to Two Degree-of-Freedom Flexion." Abstracts of the international conference on advanced mechatronics : toward evolutionary fusion of IT and mechatronics : ICAM 2015.6 (2015): 146–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicam.2015.6.146.

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Spasić, Irena, Mark Greenwood, Alun Preece, Nick Francis, and Glyn Elwyn. "FlexiTerm: a flexible term recognition method." Journal of Biomedical Semantics 4, no. 1 (2013): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2041-1480-4-27.

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Haji, Takafumi, Tetsuya Kinugasa, Shinichi Araki, Daiki Hanada, Koji Yoshida, Hisanori Amano, Ryota Hayashi, Kenichi Tokuda, and Masatsugu Iribe. "New Body Design for Flexible Mono-Tread Mobile Track: Layered Structure and Passive Retro-Flexion." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 26, no. 4 (August 20, 2014): 460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2014.p0460.

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<div class=""abs_img""><img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00260004/08.jpg"" width=""300"" />Flexible mono-tread mobile track RT06</span></div> Robot technology is expected to be applicable to missions on rough terrain, such as rescue activities, environmental investigation, and planetary exploration. Tracked vehicles are effective in such environments because the contact pressure of the vehicle can be distributed more widely. To improve mobility, new mechanisms such as serpentine tracked vehicles have been proposed. We previously proposed the flexible mono-tread mobile track (FMT). The first prototype, WORMY, had a mechanical problem when it moves flexing, i.e., track belt interference and derailing. This paper proposes and confirms a new FMT design strategy using a layered structure to reduce space between vertebrae, solving derailing. A new prototype using the layered structure confirmed its mobility. We also used the prototype to evaluate the effectiveness of passive retro-flexion against obstacles. </span>

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Liu, Long, Hongda Li, Haisong Ang, and Tianhang Xiao. "Numerical investigation of flexible flapping wings using computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics method." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 232, no. 1 (October 6, 2016): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016671343.

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A fluid–structure interaction numerical simulation was performed to investigate the flow field around a flexible flapping wing using an in-house developed computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics solver. The three-dimensional (3D) fluid–structure interaction of the flapping locomotion was predicted by loosely coupling preconditioned Navier–Stokes solutions and non-linear co-rotational structural solutions. The computational structural dynamic solver was specifically developed for highly flexible flapping wings by considering large geometric non-linear characteristics. The high fidelity of the developed methodology was validated by benchmark tests. Then, an analysis of flexible flapping wings was carried out with a specific focus on the unsteady aerodynamic mechanisms and effects of flexion on flexible flapping wings. Results demonstrate that the flexion will introduce different flow fields, and thus vary thrust generation and pressure distribution significantly. In the meanwhile, relationship between flapping frequency and flexion plays an important role on efficiency. Therefore, appropriate combination of frequency and flexion of flexible flapping wings provides higher efficiency. This study may give instruction for further design of flexible flapping wings.

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Sun, Wei, Xian Min Zhang, Nian Feng Wang, Liang Chen, and Ji Min Liang. "Design and Analysis of a Distributed Multi-Leaves and Large-Deformation Flexible Hooke Hinge." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 1603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.1603.

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Flexible hinge is a typical flexible element in compliant mechanisms. But in the micro area, the design of flexible Hook hinge is rare. Compared with the traditional gap-type flexure hinges, flexure hinges with curve leaf are more prone to large deformation in functions direction under the load. And through the rational design, overall error of whole body with flexure hinges with curve leaf would be reduced to a minimum. So this article uses the curve leaf as the basic unit to construct a distributed multi-leaves and large-deformation flexible Hooke hinge. In view of the hinge structure is complex and very difficult to get accurate model, the model of flexible hinge Hook is establish by pseudo-rigid method to analysis the deformation of flexible hinge Hook under pure torque load. Theoretical analysis and nonlinear finite element analysis results are very close, proved that the construction of pseudo-rigid body model is correct. The results also show that this new type of distributed multi-leaves and large-deformation flexible Hooke hinge can provide the larger two-dimensional rotating schedule, and center drift of rotation is small. So this flexible Hooke hinge is a new type of large deformation flexible Hook hinge and line with the basic rotation characteristics of Hooke hinge.

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Hu, Jun Feng, Pei Li, and Xiang Fu Cui. "Optimum Design of a Parabolic Flexure Hinge Based on Compliance Closed-Form Equations." Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (January 2012): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.299.

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Considering the increasingly wider applications of flexible hinge in the fields of micro-electromechanical and micro-positioning etc., the optimal design method of a parabolic flexible hinge is presented. According to the structure feature and force exerted on the flexible hinge, the closed-form flexibility expressions in the working and non-working plane can be derived by using the Castigliano’s second theorem. Meanwhile, the accuracy analysis of the parabolic flexure hinge is performed. The rotation angle of flexure hinge in the working plane is treated as objective function, and the constraints of optimization model are displacements in the non-working plane and one described the accuracy of hinge, such that the optimization model expressed performance requirements of flexure hinge can be established. Based on the optimization model, the optimization designs of parabolic flexure hinge are accomplished to acquire the optimized structural parameters. In conclusion, the study on the optimization design of the parabolic flexure hinge can provide a theoretical basis for its engineering applications

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Kinugasa, Tetsuya, Takafumi Haji, Koji Yoshida, Hisanori Amano, Ryota Hayashi, Kenichi Tokuda, Masatsugu Iribe, and Koichi Osuka. "Flexion Movement of Flexible Mono-Tread Mobile Track." Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 30, no. 4 (2012): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.30.436.

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Bardon, Alma B., and Stacey D. Wetmore. "How Flexible Are Fleximer Nucleobases? A Computational Study." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 109, no. 1 (January 2005): 262–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp046957w.

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Zhao, Liang Yu, Cheng You Xing, and Xia Qing Zhang. "Uncertainty Quantification for a Flapping Airfoil with Chordwise Flexure." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 1448–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.1448.

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The uncertainty quantification for a flexible flapping airfoil was investigated using the point-collocation non-intrusive polynomial chaos method. The chordwise flexible amplitude was assumed to obey a normal distribution. It is observed that the time-averaged thrust coefficient obeys a Gauss-like but not the exact Gauss distribution, while the probability of the propulsive efficiency is much different from the exact Gauss distribution. The effect of the chordwise flexure on the time-averaged thrust coefficient is much larger than the effect on the propulsive efficiency. This work could be a preparation for the robust design of a flexible flapping wing with respect to a stochastic chordwise flexure.

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Fan, Xi, Wei Song, Tao Lei, Bingang Xu, Feng Yan, Naixiang Wang, Huiqin Cui, and Ziyi Ge. "High-efficiency robust organic solar cells using transfer-printed PEDOT:PSS electrodes through interface bonding engineering." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 3, no. 5 (2019): 901–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8qm00614h.

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High-efficiency robust flexible OSCs with transfer-printed PEDOT:PSS electrodes are realized. The flexible OSC devices yield the highest PCE of 10.19% and retain most of initial efficiency in harsh flexing and even fully folding tests.

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Zavala-Leal, I., S. Dumas-Lapage, and R. Peña-Martinez. "ORGANOGÉNESIS DURANTE EL PERIODO LARVAL EN PECES." CICIMAR Oceánides 26, no. 2 (December 4, 2011): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v26i2.100.

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La presencia de un periodo larval caracteriza a los peces con ontogenia indirecta. Este periodo de desarrollo implica una serie de transformaciones encaminadas a la adquisición de las características biológicas y ecológicas propias de la especie; y en muchos casos culmina con cambios de distribución y hábitos alimenticios. El periodo larval incluye cuatro estadios de desarrollo: larva vitelina, larva pre-flexión, larva flexión y larva post-flexión. Cada estadio de desarrollo presenta características asociados a cambios en las diferentes prioridades durante el crecimiento. De esta forma, durante los estadios de larva vitelina y larva pre-flexión, la prioridad es incrementar las posibilidades de supervivencia a través de enfatizar la capacidad alimenticia y de evasión de depredadores, lo cual se ve reflejado en una mayor diferenciación de estructuras asociadas a estas funciones. La larva flexión se caracteriza por presentar un mayor grado de funcionalidad de los órganos y estructuras desarrolladas anteriormente. Finalmente, durante el estadio de larva post-flexión se presentan los cambios más agudos con respecto a la funcionalidad de los órganos ya desarrollados. En el presente trabajo se realiza la descripción del desarrollo de estos órganos para cada uno de los estadios de desarrollo larval, haciendo referencia en las diferencias y semejanzas entre distintas especies de importancia comercial. Organogenesis during the larval period in fishes The presence of a larval period is characteristic of fishes with an indirect ontogeny. Many transformations involved in this period lead to the acquisition of biological and ecological characteristics of each species, that culminate in changes in distribution and feeding habits. Larval period includes four developmental stages: viteline larvae, pre-flexion larvae, flexion larvae and post-flexion larvae. Each developmental stage showed inherent characteristics associated with changes in priorities during growth. During the viteline larvae and pre-flexion larval stages, priority is about increasing the survival possibility through an increase in the capacity of feeding and escaping predators which is reflected in the development of structures involved in these activities. The flexion larva is characterized by a greater degree of functionality of organs and structures previously developed. Finally, the post-flexion larvae show the most drastical changes in the functionality of developed organs. In this work, we present a description of the development of these organs, taking into account differences and similarities between species.

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Hu, Jun Feng, Xiang Fu Cui, and Pei Li. "Optimization Design of a Hyperbolic Flexure Hinge Based on its Closed-Form Equations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 151 (January 2012): 414–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.151.414.

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An optimization design method of a hyperbolic flexible hinge is presented in this paper. According to the structure feature and force exerted on the flexible hinge, the closed-form equations are formulated for compliances to characterize both the active rotation and all other in- and out-of-plane parasitic motions by using the Castigliano’s second theorem. Meanwhile, the accuracy equations of the hyperbolic flexure hinge are obtained using the Castigliano’s second theorem. The in-plane rotation angle of flexure hinge is optimization objective, and the constraints of optimization model are out-of-plane displacements and one described the accuracy of hinge, such that the optimization model can be established to meet performance requirements of flexure hinge. Based on the optimization model, the optimization designs of hyperbolic flexure hinge are performed to acquire its optimized structural parameters. And the optimization results have showed the optimization process can meet the design requirement.

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Chung, Heejung, and Mariska van der Horst. "Women’s employment patterns after childbirth and the perceived access to and use of flexitime and teleworking." Human Relations 71, no. 1 (August 17, 2017): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726717713828.

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This article sets out to investigate how flexitime and teleworking can help women maintain their careers after childbirth. Despite the increased number of women in the labour market in the UK, many significantly reduce their working hours or leave the labour market altogether after childbirth. Based on border and boundary management theories, we expect flexitime and teleworking can help mothers stay employed and maintain their working hours. We explore the UK case, where the right to request flexible working has been expanded quickly as a way to address work–life balance issues. The dataset used is Understanding Society (2009–2014), a large household panel survey with data on flexible work. We find some suggestive evidence that flexible working can help women stay in employment after the birth of their first child. More evidence is found that mothers using flexitime and with access to teleworking are less likely to reduce their working hours after childbirth. This contributes to our understanding of flexible working not only as a tool for work–life balance, but also as a tool to enhance and maintain individuals’ work capacities in periods of increased family demands. This has major implications for supporting mothers’ careers and enhancing gender equality in the labour market.

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Borowski, Shelby, Jyoti Savla, and Anisa M. Zvonkovic. "Impact of Flexible Work Arrangements, Self-Efficacy, and Barriers on Daily Physical Activity Among University Staff." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 18, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 594–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0099.

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Background: Little is known about the link between flexible work arrangements and health behaviors, such as physical activity. This study aimed to explore how self-efficacy and daily barriers to physical activity influence daily levels of physical activity on workdays when university staff members used a flexible work arrangement (flextime or telework). Methods: Full-time university staff employees (N = 61, mean age = 41; 89% female) participated in this daily diary study. Participants completed an initial survey followed by daily surveys over the course of one workweek, resulting in 281 diary days. Results: The most frequently reported barriers to physical activity were as follows: lack of time, feeling tired, and not enough motivation. Multilevel models revealed that as the number of barriers increased, minutes of physical activity significantly decreased. Self-efficacy was not significantly related to daily physical activity. Participants reported fewer minutes of physical activity on flextime workdays compared to days when a flexible work arrangement was not used (ie, traditional workday). Daily use of a flexible work arrangement did not moderate the association between barriers and physical activity. Conclusions: This study illustrated the influence of daily barriers and flextime workdays on physical activity levels, which can inform workplace health programs for university staff.

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Sebastiani, Gerd, Arthur Wawrosch, Volker Franzen, Alexander Brosius, and A. Erman Tekkaya. "FlexDie: A Flexible Tooling-Concept for Incremental Sheet Forming." Key Engineering Materials 504-506 (February 2012): 883–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.504-506.883.

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Forming tasks in Sheet Metal Prototyping are currently a balancing act between part flexibility and accuracy. In view of Asymmetric Incremental Sheet Forming (AISF), the part support is the decisive factor: Die-based processes such as TPIF are restricted to the given geometry of the part. On the other hand, the die-less variant (SPIF) is prone to a much more complex process-layout – once a similar accuracy needs to be obtained. Consequently, this requires a flexible die concept, supporting the part in the critical zones only. Within this article we meet this challenge by introducing the configurable tooling concept "FlexDie". This support tool comprises a construction kit for skeleton dies allowing for an adjustment of its geometry to almost any desired shape. Based on the solar cooker benchmark by Jeswiet et al., we show both the tooling-concept and the feasibility. The latter we discuss, based on the quality features geometric accuracy as well as surface quality. Both features are assessed with respect to the forming results obtained by use of a full-die. The accuracy resulting by applying the FlexDie is only slightly inferior to the parts formed by use of a full-die. However, the FlexDie allows for simple optimization of both, die and part geometry. In addition, compensation strategies by adapting the toolpath are still possible. In summary, the results show the feasibility of the FlexDie concept for industrial ISF tasks - even at very low production volumes.

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Kim, Seon-Jae, and Youn-Sik Park. "Self-motion utilization for reducing vibration of a structurally flexible redundant robot manipulator system." Robotica 16, no. 6 (November 1998): 669–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574798000770.

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This paper focuses on overcoming the problem of tracking control in structurally flexible redundant manipulators by utilizing their self-motion capabilities. In the proposed algorithm, the self-motion is evaluated in order to nullify the dominant modal force of flexural motion that is induced by a rigid body motion.The flexure motions of manipulators, which are induced by joint motion, cause undesired inaccuracy in end-effector tracking. In-plath planning states, joint trajectories are so designed as not to excite but to damp out the flexure motions. The self-motion, inherent in redundant manipulators, can alter joint motion, influencing the flexure motion (by exciting and damping the flexure modes), while not affecting end-effector motion at all. Therefore, the self-motion can be utilized to regulate flexibility and effectively reduce the end-effector tracking error.The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed algorithm have been demonstrated through numerical simulation with three-link planar robotic manipulators possessing flexible links.

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Rana, Masud, Sandipan Roy, Palash Biswas, Shishir Kumar Biswas, and Jayanta Kumar Biswas. "Design and development of a novel expanding flexible rod device (FRD) for stability in the lumbar spine: A finite-element study." International Journal of Artificial Organs 43, no. 12 (April 28, 2020): 803–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0391398820917390.

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The aim of this study is to design a novel expanding flexible rod device, for pedicle screw fixation to provide dynamic stability, based on strength and flexibility. Three-dimensional finite-element models of lumbar spine (L1-S) with flexible rod device on L3-L4-L5 levels are developed. The implant material is taken to be Ti-6Al-4V. The models are simulated under different boundary conditions, and the results are compared with intact model. In natural model, total range of motion under 10 Nm moment were found 66.7°, 24.3° and 13.59°, respectively during flexion–extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. The von Mises stress at intact bone was 4 ± 2 MPa and at bone, adjacent to the screw in the implanted bone, was 6 ± 3 MPa. The von Mises stress of disc of intact bone varied from 0.36 to 2.13 MPa while that of the disc between the fixed vertebra of the fixation model reduced by approximately 10% for flexion and 25% for extension compared to intact model. The von Mises stresses of pedicle screw were 120, 135, 110 and 90 MPa during flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation, respectively. All the stress values were within the safe limit of the material. Using the flexible rod device, flexibility was significantly increased in flexion/extension but not in axial rotation and lateral bending. The results suggest that dynamic stabilization system with respect to fusion is more effective for homogenizing the range of motion of the spine.

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Papi, Enrica, Yen Nee Bo, and Alison H. McGregor. "A flexible wearable sensor for knee flexion assessment during gait." Gait & Posture 62 (May 2018): 480–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.04.015.

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Liu, Zhuyong, Jiazhen Hong, Jinyang Liu, and Guanghao Xu. "58907 RIGID-FLEXIBLE COUPLING EFFECTS OF THE FLEXIBLE PLATE UNDERGOING LARGE OVERALL MOTION(Flexible Multibody Dynamics)." Proceedings of the Asian Conference on Multibody Dynamics 2010.5 (2010): _58907–1_—_58907–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeacmd.2010.5._58907-1_.

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Chung, Heejung, and Mariska van der Horst. "Flexible Working and Unpaid Overtime in the UK: The Role of Gender, Parental and Occupational Status." Social Indicators Research 151, no. 2 (November 26, 2018): 495–520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-2028-7.

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AbstractRecent studies have shown that flexible boundaries between work and family may make employees work harder and longer. Yet most studies were not able to show whether there are differences across different types of flexible working arrangements, and whether this relationship may only hold for certain groups of workers. We examine how three different types of flexible working arrangements, that is schedule control, flexitime, and teleworking, are associated with an increase in unpaid overtime hours of workers in the UK using the Understanding Society data from 2010 to 2015 and fixed effects panel regression models. Results show that the flexible arrangements that were introduced primarily for work-life balance purposes, i.e., flexitime and teleworking, do not necessarily increase unpaid overtime hours significantly. On the other hand, workers’ control over their schedule, mainly introduced as a part of high-performance strategies, leads to increased unpaid overtime hours. This is especially true for professional men, and women without children, especially those working full-time, and surprisingly part-time working mothers. The results of this study point to the importance of distinguishing between different groups of workers as well as between different types of arrangements when examining outcomes of flexible working. Furthermore, the results of the study contribute to the argument that performance enhancing flexible working arrangements can potentially exacerbate gender inequalities in the labour market by enabling men to commit more time to their jobs, while for women, especially full-time working mothers, this may be less possible.

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López-Miñarro, Pedro Ángel, and Fernando Alacid Cárceles. "Cifosis funcional y actitud cifótica lumbar en piragüistas adolescentes (Functional kyphosis and lumbar kyphosis in adolescent paddlers)." Retos, no. 17 (March 9, 2015): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i17.34659.

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El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la frecuencia de casos de cifosis funcional y actitud cifótica lumbar en piragüistas adolescentes. A un total de 140 piragüistas (media de edad: 13,67 ± 0,61 años) se les midió, mediante un inclinómetro, la disposición sagital del raquis dorsal y lumbar en bipedestación relajada y al realizar una flexión máxima del tronco en sedentación con rodillas extendidas (test de distancia dedos-planta). Al clasificar los valores angulares en base a las referencias de normalidad, un 63% de los deportistas tenían una curva dorsal normal en bipedestación, de los cuales un 91,2% presentaban un morfotipo cifótico leve o moderado en la posición de máxima flexión del tronco. En cuanto al raquis lumbar, el 68,5% tenía una curva normal en bipedestación, de los cuales el 83,9% presentaban un morfotipo cifótico en flexión máxima del tronco. En conclusión, existe un alto porcentaje de piragüistas con una disposición normal del raquis en bipedestación, pero con un morfotipo cifótico leve o moderado en flexión máxima del tronco. Es necesario incluir, en el control y seguimiento de estos deportistas, una valoración de la columna que incluya el estudio de la disposición sagital del raquis en flexión máxima del tronco.Palabra clave: raquis, torácico, lumbar, flexión máxima del tronco, bipedestación.Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of functional kyphosis and lumbar kyphosis in adolescent paddlers. A total of 140 paddlers (mean age: 13,67 ± 0,61 years) participated in this study. The sagittal spinal curvatures (thoracic and lumbar curves) in relaxed standing and in maximal trunk flexion with knees extended (sit-and-reach test) were evaluated with an inclinometer. The analysis of angular values with respect to the normality references showed that 63% of athletes with normal thoracic curve in standing, while in maximal trunk flexion there were many athletes (91.2%) with a moderate or slight kyphotic posture. With respect to lumbar curve, 68.5% of the subjects had normal values in standing, while 83.9% showed lumbar kyphotic postures in maximal trunk flexion. In conclusion, there was a high percentage of paddlers with normal angular values in relaxed standing, although when maximal trunk flexion with knees extended was performed there was a significant increase of kyphotic postures in both thoracic and lumbar curves. For this reason, the evaluation of sagittal spinal curvatures of paddlers is an important variable to include in training planning.Key words: spine, thoracic, lumbar, maximal trunk bending, standing.

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Yu, Wei, Pei Jie Cai, Rui Liu, Fang Ping Shen, and Ting Zhang. "A Flexible Ultrasensitive IgG-Modified rGO-Based FET Biosensor Fabricated by Aerosol Jet Printing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 748 (April 2015): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.748.157.

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High-performance biosensors are the key elements for rapid and real-time detection of specific biomolecules. Herein, an ultrasensitive FET biosensor on a flexible polymer substrate was reported, and the aerosol jet printing (AJP) method offers a unique way for low-cost mass manufacturing of the flexible sensors. The stable PBA functionalized rGO layer and the goat-anti-rabbit IgG layer on the rGO were both printed by AJP method between the source/drain electrodes. The flexibe biosensors exposure to low concentrations of target rabbit IgG showed dramatic increase in the source-drain current, which exhibited great sensing performance with the lowest detection limit of 13 fM.

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ARBUCKLE, J. D., and D. A. McGROUTHER. "Measurement of the Arc of Digital Flexion and Joint Movement Ranges." Journal of Hand Surgery 20, no. 6 (December 1995): 836–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(95)80058-1.

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Dynamic digital flexion was examined by video recording healthy subjects making a fist. The are of the fingertip sweep from full extension to full flexion was replayed frame by frame and plotted. A similar technique was employed to measure the MP, PIP and DIP joint angles throughout digital flexion. Graphs were plotted of MP against PIP, and PIP against DIP flexion. These results were related to a theoretical 45° line. The fingertip appears to sweep through an elliptical pathway when flexing, rather than an equiangular curve. Graphs of joint flexion showed that male and female fingers flex in a similar fashion, as do the index and little finger. Graphs of PIP against DIP flexion suggest some limiting mechanism of either the extensor or flexor system. These graphs give useful insights into the complex mechanisms of dynamic digital flexion, and may be of diagnostic and prognostic importance.

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Normasari, Pradita Sita Devi, and Bertina Sjabadhyni. "The effect of flexible work arrangements on ethical decision-making." Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi 5, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/pjpp.v5i2.4279.

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This study aimed to compare the impact of different types of flexible work arrangements (flextime and telecommuting) on ethical decision-making. Ethical decision-making is when individuals use their moral basis to determine what is right and wrong in a given situation. It involves an awareness of moral dilemmas and consideration of the consequences of decisions. Flexible work arrangements are offered to promote individuals’ ethical decision-making by balancing their needs at work and outside work, such as spending time with family. This research was conducted on 185 employees and used a quantitative approach that utilizes experimental methods with a post-test-only design. Employees’ ethical decision-making was measured using two vignettes. Data analysis was conducted using the independent sample t-test parametric statistical technique. The study results indicated a t-value of 4.21 and a significance level of 0.00 (p-value 0.05), which showed that this study's working hypothesis was acceptable. It concluded that there were differences in ethical decision-making between two types of flexible work arrangements: flextime and telecommuting groups.

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Steward, Barbara. "Employment in the Next Millennium: The Impact of Changes in Work on Health and Rehabilitation." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 60, no. 6 (June 1997): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269706000609.

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The world of work is changing with the increasing number of flexible employers, who use casual labour, and of flexible workers, who are engaged in flexitime or home-based work. Predictions for the impact of such changes are both optimistic and pessimistic, but it is clear that there will be implications for rehabilitation from the growth of flexible work. Flexible work, with greater job insecurity and need for occupational health protection, may increase instances of ill-health and loss of wellbeing. At the same time, computer-based and home-based work may open up new opportunities for chronically sick and disabled people to compete as teleworkers in the open labour market. This article offers a sociological examination of the effects of flexible work and suggests areas of importance to occupational therapists.

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Hu, Jun Feng, Wen Juan Xie, Pei Li, and Xiang Fu Cui. "Comparative Analysis of Parabolic and Hyperbolic Flexure Hinges Using Closed-Form Equations." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 880–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.880.

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The comparative analysis of a parabolic and hyperbolic flexible hinges were presented. The closed-form compliance equations in the working and non-working plane can be derived by using the Castigliano’s second theorem. In order to compare the relative performance of parabolic and hyperbolic flexure hinges, a ratio function between specific compliances of the two hinges is defined. We analyzed the non-dimensional ratios of working plane and non-working plane compliance to show the relative properties of parabolic versus hyperbolic flexure hinges. The analysis results has showed compared to a hyperbolic flexure, a parabolic flexure can produce more desired output and is slightly less sensitive to axial effects under identical loading conditions. Meanwhile, the comparative study on the parabolic and hyperbolic flexure hinges can provide a theoretical basis for choosing them.

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Omotayo, Osibanjo Adewale, Abolaji Joachim Abiodun, and Akinrole Olumuyiwa Fadugba. "Executives Perception of the Impact of Flexitime on Organizational Performance." International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 1, no. 3 (July 2012): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2012070102.

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The paper investigates the perception of Nigerian executives on the impact of flexitime on organizational performance. Effort is made to explore the attitudinal disposition of employees towards flexitime and how gender affects employee satisfaction with flexitime. The study, based on administered questionnaires as the main medium for data collection from managers in private sector of the Nigerian economy, utilizes correlations and multi-variate regression analysis to determine variables that significantly contribute to manager’s satisfaction with flexible work arrangement. The study finds that marital status and gender exert significant negative impact on level of satisfaction with flexitime. In addition, gender, marital status and motivation capabilities of flexitime were found to be a significant determinant of satisfaction with flexitime. Therefore, given the cultural context of the study it does appear that organizations might found it profitable to adopt a flexitime policy so as to relieve their employees some family or domestic burden with the attendant motivation benefit that increases employee performances.

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McGuire, Jean B., and Joseph R. Liro. "Absenteeism and Flexible Work Schedules." Public Personnel Management 16, no. 1 (March 1987): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102608701600106.

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This paper examines the effect on absenteeism of two forms of flexible work scheduling: a “true flextime” schedule in which workers could vary their hours on a daily basis, and “staggered fixed time” under which individual workers could vary their schedule on a quarterly basis. With the effect of demographic variables controlled, no reduction in absenteeism was found among the true flextime group. Rather, groups working under staggered fixed time showed lower rates of absenteeism.

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Subudhi, Bidyadhar, Subhakanta Ranasingh, and Ajaha Swain. "Evolutionary computation approaches to tip position controller design for a two-link flexible manipulator." Archives of Control Sciences 21, no. 3 (January 1, 2011): 269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10170-010-0043-2.

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Evolutionary computation approaches to tip position controller design for a two-link flexible manipulator Controlling multi-link flexible robots is very difficult compared rigid ones due to inter-link coupling, nonlinear dynamics, distributed link flexure and under-actuation. Hence, while designing controllers for such systems the controllers should be equipped with optimal gain parameters. Evolutionary Computing (EC) approaches such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Bacteria Foraging Optimization (BFO) are popular in achieving global parameter optimizations. In this paper we exploit these EC techniques in achieving optimal PD controller for controlling the tip position of a two-link flexible robot. Performance analysis of the EC tuned PD controllers applied to a two-link flexible robot system has been discussed with number of simulation results.

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Chalmers, D. D., and G. P. Hamer. "Three point dynamic orthosis." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 9, no. 2 (August 1985): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093648509164718.

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The present method of static three point bracing is unsatisfactory. The static type orthosis becomes ineffectual in reducing flexion deformities in upper and lower extremities and requires constant adjustment as the contractures are reduced. A three point dynamic orthosis using a flexible rod construction has been designed to contain and reduce flexion deformities. This orthosis has certain advantages over the static type and has been used successfully in children with contractures due to cerebral palsy and burns.

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Dütschke, Elisabeth, and Sabine Boerner. "Zweite Wahl oder Selbstverwirklichung?" Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O 56, no. 4 (October 2012): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0932-4089/a000086.

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Flexible Beschäftigungsverhältnisse wie Zeitarbeit und freie Mitarbeit weisen hohe Zuwachsraten auf. Bisher ist aber noch wenig darüber bekannt, wie die Betroffenen diese Beschäftigungsformen bewerten. Der vorliegende Aufsatz definiert zunächst das Konstrukt der Präferenz für flexible Beschäftigung, um die Bewertung dieser Beschäftigungsform operationalisierbar zu machen. Dann werden das Konstrukt der Präferenz sowie mögliche Korrelate zunächst im Rahmen einer Interviewstudie (n = 26) analysiert. Im Anschluss daran werden Hypothesen entwickelt und anhand einer quantitativen Befragung von n = 197 flexibel Beschäftigten geprüft. Hierbei zeigt sich, dass die Persönlichkeitseigenschaft Offenheit für Erfahrung sowie die Einstellungen Arbeitszufriedenheit und Identifikation mit dem Beruf in signifikantem Zusammenhang mit der Präferenz für flexible Beschäftigung stehen.

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Carey, Stephanie Lutton, Rajiv V. Dubey, Greg S. Bauer, and M. Jason Highsmith. "Kinematic Comparison of Myoelectric and Body Powered Prostheses While Performing Common Activities." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 33, no. 2 (January 2009): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03093640802613229.

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This study examined the kinematic differences of a bilateral transradial amputee using myoelectric and body-powered prostheses during select activities of daily living. First in harness suspended, body powered then self-suspended externally powered prostheses, the subject's shoulder and elbow joint movements were calculated and compared while completing an elbow range of motion test, simulated drinking from an empty cup, and opening a door. In this case, body-powered prostheses allowed for greater range of elbow flexion but required more shoulder flexion to complete the tasks that required continuous grasp. While using myoelectric prostheses, the user was able to compensate for limited elbow flexion by flexing the shoulder.

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Chen, C.-M., and R.-F. Fung. "The effects of geometric offsets on the dynamic responses of a Scott—Russell amplifying mechanism with flexible hinges." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 223, no. 10 (June 29, 2009): 2413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1357.

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The dynamic equations of a micro-positioning Scott—Russell (SR) mechanism associated with two flexible hinges and an offset are developed to calculate output responses. Both rigid and flexible hinges are considered to explore the results. The main features in the kinematics of the SR mechanism are its displacement amplification and straight-line motion, which are widely needed in practical industries. The manufacturing inaccuracy of the SR mechanism definitely causes geometric offsets of flexure hinges, and affects displacement amplification and straight-line output motion. Analytical models based on kinematics and Hamilton's principle are derived to explore the variation of linearity ratio, magnification factor, and deviation factor due to various offsets and link lengths. From numerical simulations for the SR mechanism with various offsets of flexible hinges in the conditions of different link lengths, it is found that offsets of flexure hinges obviously affect the amplifying factor and linearity ratio, and appear to dominate the changes of magnification factors. Moreover, an analytical model is also used to predict magnification factors due to various offsets. Finally, some conclusions concerning the effects of offset on the performance of the SR mechanism are drawn.

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Sper, Nathalia. "Vantagens custo-efetivas da utilização de ureteroscópios flexíveis descartáveis em comparação com o uso de ureteroscópios flexíveis reprocessáveis." Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde 13, no. 1 (April 2021): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21115/jbes.v13.n1.p55-65.

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Objective: To analyze the cost-effectiveness of using disposable flexible ureteroscopes versus using reprocessable flexible ureteroscopes. Methods: Integrative literature review conducted in the SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE databases, using the descriptors ureteroscopy, flexion resistance, marketing, cost-benefit analysis, and sterilization, whose object deals with the cost-effective advantages of using the flexible ureteroscope disposable. Results: Thirty-five articles were found and four were used in the study. In addition, characteristics of seven models of flexible ureteroscopes commercialized in Brazil, that are currently better known, were presented. The results were based on a joint analysis of the selected articles and characteristics of the flexible models presented, and discussed in two categories: the evolution of flexible ureteroscopes; and marketing mix - flexible single-use ureteroscopes. Conclusion: Despite the scarcity of research that deepens the costs of using a flexible single-use ureteroscope when compared to a reprocessable one, the benefits arising from the innovations added to these devices are notorious, giving a positive return both to the professional who uses it and to the patient, making it necessary to further analyze the possibility of migration from the “culture” of using flexible reprocessable ureteroscopes to disposable ones

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Zeytinoglu, Isik U., Gordon B. Cooke, and Sara L. Mann. "Flexibility." Articles 64, no. 4 (January 14, 2010): 555–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038873ar.

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Summary This paper examines whether flexible work schedules in Canada are created by employers for business reasons or to assist their workers achieve work-life balance. We focus on long workweek, flextime, compressed workweek, variable workweek length and/or variable workweek schedule. In the last three decades, two streams of literature have emerged on flexibility. One stream of literature discusses flexibility as demand-driven, that is, a strategic initiative of employers to enhance the business requirements of the firm. The other stream of literature discusses flexibility as supply-driven, where employees have the ability to influence the decisions about the nature of their work schedules and where employees, especially women, demand flexible work schedules for work-life balance. Thus, we ask are flexible work schedules created for business reasons or to assist workers achieve work-life balance? Statistics Canada’s 2003 Workplace and Employee Survey data linking employee microdata to workplace (i.e., employer) microdata are used in the analysis. Results show that more than half of the workers covered in this data have at least one of the five specified types of flexible work schedules. Approximately 5% of workers have a long workweek, 36% have flextime, 7% a compressed workweek, 13% a variable workweek length, and 16% a variable workweek schedule. Only two in five Canadians have a standard work schedule. Employment status, unionized work, occupation, and sector are factors consistently associated with flexible work schedules. Personal characteristics of marital status, dependent children, and childcare use are not significantly associated with flexible work schedules, while females are less likely to have a flexible work schedule than males. Overall, results suggest that flexible work schedules are created for business reasons rather than individual worker interests. Thus, if public policy makers are committed to facilitating workers’ work-family-life balance interests, then our results suggest that separate policy initiatives designed specifically for workers will be required.

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Zhang, Jing, Hong-wei Guo, and Zhan-ning Zhang. "Design of flexure revolute joint based on double compliant curved beam." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 13 (February 25, 2019): 4521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219833085.

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In view of the problems of low accuracy and large impact caused by flexure joints during the deployable process, design of an integrated flexure revolute joint for folding mechanisms is important. Using a double compliant curved beam as a flexible unit of a joint, the revolute joint is designed based on the method of compliance and stiffness ellipsoids. The geometrical constraints model of the curved beam is established to define the design range of the unit. The total error model, which is obtained by the analysis of single-parameter errors, is used to choose the size of the unit with the smallest error. The finite element models of the flexure joints are established to analyze the rotational stiffness, translational stiffness, and the maximum rotational angle of the joints. The rotational angle of one flexure revolute joint in one direction can reach 35.7°. The rotational angle of the series flexure revolute joint in one direction can achieve 51°. The experiments of single and series flexure joints are carried out to verify the correctness of the design and for the analysis of the flexure joint.

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Li, Hongfang, Guifu Ding, and Zhuoqing Yang. "A High Sensitive Flexible Pressure Sensor Designed by Silver Nanowires Embedded in Polyimide (AgNW-PI)." Micromachines 10, no. 3 (March 24, 2019): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10030206.

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Silver nanowires (AgNW) have excellent electrical conductivity, transparency, and flexing endurance, and are broadly used in flexible electrodes and flexible sensors. This study mixed the silver nanowires and polyimide (PI) polymer using an in situ synthesis method, effectively reducing the problem of silver nanowires falling off the substrate. The selective wet etching method was firstly used to process the surface of AgNW-PI films, greatly enhancing the surface conductivity of AgNW-PI films. A flexible pressure sensor with high sensitivity was designed with two face-to-face AgNW-PI ultrathin layers. The experimental results show that our sensor presented a high sensitivity of about 1.3294 kPa−1 under a pressure of about 600 Pa, and when pressure continued to increase, the sensitivity decreased rapidly and reached saturation. Our flexible pressure sensor has the properties of low cost, high sensitivity, excellent repeatability, durability, and can detect various types of mechanical forces which could be utilized for flexible electronics.

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CHRISTENSEN, KATHLEEN E., and GRAHAM L. STAINES. "Flextime." Journal of Family Issues 11, no. 4 (December 1990): 455–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019251390011004007.

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Flextime, a work schedule that permits flexible starting and quitting times, has gained wide currency as a partial solution to conflicts between work and family life. This article aims to review the existing research regarding the advantages and disadvantages of flextime to both employers and employees; to evaluate the effects of flextime on resolving work/family conflicts; and to establish future programmatic, research, and policy directions regarding flextime. Research indicates that no compelling case can be made for flextime solely on the grounds of employers' conventional concerns with organizational effectiveness, organizational membership, or job attitudes. Research reveals, further, that flextime is beneficial in resolving work/family conflicts, but not as beneficial as often hoped. Future research should include the following: (a) greater sensitivity than is currently available regarding the use of, not just access to, flextime; (b) more attention to the needs of different subgroups as defined by stage in life cycle and family type; and (c) the use of dependent measures that would assess the effect of flextime in terms of quality as well as quantity of family time. We think it likely that the better the research, the more compelling will be the evidence for the effectiveness of flextime.

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Liu, Chun Jie, Xi Wang, and De’an Wan. "Study on Angular Stiffness of Monolithic Flexible Joint." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 1816–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.1816.

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The monolithic flexible joint is introduced as a novel component of inertial guidance instrument. The angular stiffness of the joint is investigated by employing theory of flexure hinges considering the key part of the joint is a variation of the common circular flexure hinge. Closed-form equation is formulated to unify the typical angular stiffness equations developed by other authors in terms of the circular hinge, and the main variables of the formulation are also discussed. Finite element models of the monolithic joint are built to confirm the analytical model predictions. A measuring system controlled by computer is also developed to evaluate the angular stiffness of the monolithic flexible joint. Checked against finite element analysis and experimental measurement data, the analytical model predictions are within 7% error margins. The study results indicate that the angular stiffness is more sensitive to the minimal thickness of hinge and less sensitive to the notch angle and the oblique angle of hinge.

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Misra, Kaumudi. "Human Resource Practices and Work-Family Conflict: the Role of Family and Work Status." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 9, no. 4 (October 28, 2019): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v9i4.15443.

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According to role theory, employees experience conflict between their enacted roles in the work versus family domain, often resulting in negative individual and organizational outcomes. Flexible work practices such as flextime, in tandem with other HR practices such as higher pay levels or team-based work, have thus gained popularity for their positive impact on employees’ work-family conflict. Related individual variables such as age, gender or family status have also generated research interest owing to their anticipated effects on work-family conflict. However, extant studies have not tested the simultaneous effects of organizational and individual variables on the relationship between HR practices and employee work-family conflict. Using data from the UK Work-Life Balance Study 2011-12 funded by the Economic and Social Research Council, this study tests the effects of HR practices (compensation, team-based work, and flexible work practices) as well as individual variables (gender, family status and managerial status) on employees’ perceived work-family conflict. Results show that gender, family status and managerial status moderate the relationship between flextime and work-family conflict, shedding new light on the differential impact of flextime on different categories of employees – men versus women; married versus unmarried; and managerial versus non-managerial. Conceptual and practical implications are discussed.

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Jia, Fan, Hongyang Yuan, Diange Zhou, Jue Zhang, Xiaoying Wang, and Jing Fang. "Knee MRI under varying flexion angles utilizing a flexible flat cable antenna." NMR in Biomedicine 28, no. 4 (March 4, 2015): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nbm.3264.

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Deng, Shuanghou, and Tianhang Xiao. "Effect of flexion on the propulsive performance of a flexible flapping wing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 230, no. 12 (August 6, 2016): 2265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410015623304.

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Karyabwite, Alice, and Patsy Govender. "Flexitime as a mechanism to reduce employee stress." Corporate Ownership and Control 9, no. 1 (2011): 648–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv9i1c6art8.

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Flexible working arrangements have been identified as a critical factor of balancing work and personal commitments to reduce employees stress. The study aims to investigate the effect of flexitime as a potential moderator to reduce the administrative employee stress. The study was conducted using a sample of 97 employees in a tertiary environment. The data was collected using a precoded questionnaire and reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results were compared and contrasted with that of other researchers. The hypotheses were tested using correlations and multiple regression and significant associations with stress and flexitime are reflected in this study. The findings indicate that stress can be reduced through the moderator, that is, flexitime

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Feuerstahler, Leah. "Flexible Item Response Modeling in R with the flexmet Package." Psych 3, no. 3 (August 16, 2021): 447–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psych3030031.

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The filtered monotonic polynomial (FMP) model is a semi-parametric item response model that allows flexible response function shapes but also includes traditional item response models as special cases. The flexmet package for R facilitates the routine use of the FMP model in real data analysis and simulation studies. This tutorial provides several code examples illustrating how the flexmet package may be used to simulate FMP model parameters and data (both for dichotomous and polytomously scored items), estimate FMP model parameters, transform traditional item response models to different metrics, and more. This tutorial serves as both an introduction to the unique features of the FMP model and as a practical guide to its implementation in R via the flexmet package.

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Schmeltz, Marjorie, Eric Rignot, and Douglas MacAyeal. "Tidal flexure along ice-sheet margins: comparison of InSAR with an elastic-plate model." Annals of Glaciology 34 (2002): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756402781818049.

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AbstractWe compare interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) observations of tidal flexure on Antarctic and Greenland glaciers with a finite-element model simulation of tidal flexure on an elastic plate of ice. The results show that the elastic-plate model is able to reproduce with good fidelity the pattern of tidal flexure observed with InSAR. In the case of David Glacier, Antarctica, the model provides independent confirmation of its grounding-line position and unusual pattern of tidal flexure. A detailed analysis of temporal changes in tidal flexing on Petermann Gletscher, Greenland, and Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, however, reveals that Young’s elastic modulus of ice, E, employed in the simulations to match observations, needs to vary between 0.8 and 3.5 GPa. This time dependence of E is attributed to visco-plastic effects, not to a migration of the grounding line with tide, or measurement errors.

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Al-Sukaini, A., H. P. Singh, and J. J. Dias. "Extrinsic versus intrinsic hand muscle dominance in finger flexion." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 41, no. 4 (January 7, 2016): 392–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193415619774.

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This study aims to identify the patterns of dominance of extrinsic or intrinsic muscles in finger flexion during initiation of finger curl and mid-finger flexion. We recorded 82 hands of healthy individuals (18–74 years) while flexing their fingers and tracked the finger joint angles of the little finger using video motion tracking. A total of 57 hands (69.5%) were classified as extrinsic dominant, where the finger flexion was initiated and maintained at proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints. A total of 25 (30.5%) were classified as intrinsic dominant, where the finger flexion was initiated and maintained at the metacarpophalangeal joint. The distribution of age, sex, dominance, handedness and body mass index was similar in the two groups. This knowledge may allow clinicians to develop more efficient rehabilitation regimes, since intrinsic dominant individuals would not initiate extrinsic muscle contraction till later in finger flexion, and might therefore be allowed limited early active motion. For extrinsic dominant individuals, by contrast, initial contraction of extrinsic muscles would place increased stress on the tendon repair site if early motion were permitted.

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Bennett, W. H., C. LaVigna, H. G. Kwatny, and G. Blankenship. "Nonlinear and Adaptive Control of Flexible Space Structures." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 115, no. 1 (March 1, 1993): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2897412.

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This paper addresses design of nonlinear control systems for rapid, large angle multiaxis, slewing and LOS pointing of realistic flexible space structures. The application of methods based on adaptive feedback linearization for nonlinear control design for flexible space structures is presented. A comprehensive approach to modeling the nonlinear dynamics and attitude control of multibody systems with structural flexure is considered. Adaptive feedback linearizing control laws are described based on Lagrangian dynamical system model for the spacecraft. Simulation results for attitude slewing and LOS stabilization for the NASA/IEEE Spacecraft COntrols Laboratory Experiment (SCOLE) design challenge are presented.

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Wang, Yu Kui, C. Guo, J. Li, Y. W. Wang, and Zhen Long Wang. "Design, Implementation and Performance Testing of Vector Control for a Flexible Biomimetic Octopus Arm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 50-51 (February 2011): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.50-51.89.

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According to the principle of muscular hydrostats, a flexible biomimetic octopus arm is put forward firstly. The method of vector control for the flexible biomimetic octopus arm is presented and analysed in detail. Based on the combination of ARM (advanced RISC microprocessor) and FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arry), a control system for the flexibie biomiometic octopus arm is discussed, and the functions of every components is analysed. To verify the feasibility and reliability of the method of vector control, experimets are carried out. The experimemtal results demonstrate that this method applied in the control of the biomimetic octopus arm has a good performance.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Flexite'

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