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Journal articles on the topic 'Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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1

Hsu, Jason E., Qiyu Peng, David A. Schafer, Jason L. Koh, Gordon W. Nuber, and Li-Qun Zhang. "In Vivo Three-Dimensional Mechanical Actions of Individual Flexor-Pronator Muscles: Role in Elbow Valgus Stability." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 24, no. 4 (2008): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.24.4.325.

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The flexor-pronator mass is thought to be the primary dynamic valgus stabilizer of the elbow and protects the ulnar collateral ligament. However, in vivo multiaxis actions of individual muscles of the flexor-pronator group and their roles in valgus stability have not been investigated quantitatively. This study tested the hypothesis that individual muscles of the flexor-pronator muscle group produce a significant varus moment that provides elbow valgus stability. The flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, and pronator teres were selectively activated, and the resulting multiaxis moments

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2

Borthakur, Dibakar, Arthi Ganapathy, Mohammed Ahmed Ansari, and Ritu Sehgal. "Accessory Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle in Humans: A Rare Anatomical Case with Clinical Considerations." Prague Medical Report 125, no. 2 (2024): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2024.16.

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Anatomical variations of the forearm flexor muscles are occasionally encountered. Though usually observed incidentally during autopsies or imaging studies, they may at times cause concern due to associated clinical symptoms. This report presents a case of unilateral accessory flexor carpi ulnaris (AFCU) muscle observed in a human male cadaver aged 78 years. During routine cadaveric dissection, an anomalous AFCU muscle was observed in the left forearm of a human male cadaver aged 78 years. Standard institutional guidelines pertaining to the use of human cadaver for teaching and research were fo

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3

Pires, Lucas Alves Sarmento, Graciele de Caro Reis Machado, Rodrigo Mota Pacheco Fernandes, Jorge Henrique Martins Manaia, João Francisco Silva Champs, and Marcio Antonio Babinski. "Notes on the Accessory Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle: A Rare Supernumerary Variation." Journal of Morphological Sciences 36, no. 02 (2019): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1681108.

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AbstractVariations of the forearm muscles are well described in the literature. In spite of that, reports regarding the accessory flexor carpi ulnaris muscle are scarce due to its rarity. This muscle usually originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus with the flexor muscle mass and inserts itself into the palmar aponeurosis or the pisiform bone together with the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. Supernumerary and anomalous muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm have been associated with ulnar nerve and artery compression. Furthermore, they may also mimic neuromas and soft tiss

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4

Iliev, Alexandar, Georgi P. Georgiev, and Boycho Landzhov. "A RARE CASE OF BILATERAL FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS VARIATION: ANATOMICAL AND CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND LITERATURE REVIEW. Un caso raro de variación bilateral del músculo flexor carpi ulnaris-significado anatómico y clínico y revisión literaria." Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica 8, no. 2 (2016): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v8.n2.14512.

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Various aberrant muscles and fibro-tendinous structures have been identified in the anterior wrist, some of them blamed to be possible causes for neurovascular compression syndromes. Herewith, we describe such an intriguing structure related to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. During routine dissection of both upper limbs of an adult cadaver, an interesting crescent-shaped fibro-tendinous structure was identified bilaterally, arising broadly from the lateral side of the distal tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris. This aberrant structure arched over the ulnar artery and nerve before they enter t

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5

Paudyal, Arjun, Hans Degens, Guus C. Baan, et al. "Changes in muscle–tendon unit length–force characteristics following experimentally induced photothrombotic stroke cannot be explained by changes in muscle belly structure." European Journal of Applied Physiology 121, no. 9 (2021): 2509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-021-04729-x.

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Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the effects of experimentally induced photothrombotic stroke on structural and mechanical properties of rat m. flexor carpi ulnaris. Methods Two groups of Young-adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were measured: stroke (n = 9) and control (n = 7). Photothrombotic stroke was induced in the forelimb region of the primary sensorimotor cortex. Four weeks later, muscle–tendon unit and muscle belly length–force characteristics of the m. flexor carpi ulnaris, mechanical interaction with the neighbouring m. palmaris longus, the number of sarcomeres in se

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6

Couzens, Greg, and Graham Kerr. "Anticipatory and Reactive Response to Falls: Muscle Synergy Activation of Forearm Muscles." Hand Surgery 20, no. 03 (2015): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810415400067.

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We investigated the surface electromyogram response of six forearm muscles to falls onto the outstretched hand. The extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, abductor pollicis longus, flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles were sampled from eight volunteers who underwent ten self-initiated falls. All muscles initiated prior to impact. Co-contraction is the most obvious surface electromyogram feature. The predominant response is in the radial deviators. The surface electromyogram timing we recorded would appear to be a complex antici

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7

LEMON, M., and H. J. C. R. BELCHER. "An Anomalous Flexor Carpi Ulnaris." Journal of Hand Surgery 27, no. 2 (2002): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2001.0705.

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We report a muscle with features suggesting an anomalous conjoined palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris. To our knowledge this has not been described previously. In light of improved imaging techniques we question the previously published view that surgery is indicated for swellings suspected as forearm muscle anomalies that are clinically benign and otherwise asymptomatic.

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8

Koval, O., T. Khmara, Т. Pankiv, and І. Zamorskii. "TOPOGRAPHIC AND ANATOMICAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE USE OF THE SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF FOREARM FOR MYOPLASTY." Clinical anatomy and operative surgery 23, no. 3 (2024): 24–28. https://doi.org/10.24061/17270847.23.3.2024.45.

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In the treatment of wounded people with gunshot osteomyelitis, muscle plastic on the leg was widely used. Objective. To study the intramuscular distribution of nerves in the extensor digitorum, the extensor ulnaris, the extensor carpi ulnaris, and the extensor digiti minimi, which, in comparison with the intramuscular branching of arterial vessels, can determine rational methods of cutting flaps from these muscles. Material and methods. Clarification of the peculiarities of the intramuscular distribution of nerves and arteries in the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the fore

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9

Chang, Chih-Lin, Kai-Way Li, Fang-Tsan Lin, Yung-Tsan Jou, and Chuen-Der Huang. "A Study of Optimal Handle Shape and Muscle Strength Distribution on Lower Arm When Holding a Foil." Perceptual and Motor Skills 108, no. 2 (2009): 524–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.108.2.524-530.

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The strength of five working muscle groups of the lower arms of 8 male fencers, including adductor pollicis, extensor carpi radialis, flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi ulnaris, and flexor carpi ulnaris, were examined during competition. Root mean square values of muscular electromyographic signals indicated that the shape of foil handles significantly influenced distribution of working strength of each muscle group. Use of the Pistol-Viscounti type of foil handle showed better distribution of strength among the 5 muscle groups than did other types of foils. Using the Pistol-Viscounti foil

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10

Mukhtar Alam, Mohd, and Abid Ali Khan. "Electromyography-based Fatigue Assessment During Endurance Testing by Different Vibration Training Protocols." Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 19, no. 1 (2021): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/irj.19.1.1150.1.

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Objectives: This study presents a method of assessing muscle fatigue during endurance testing at 50% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) using electromyography (EMG) information as indirect indices of fatigability in the forearm muscles, namely, flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS); flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU); extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) and extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)." This study presents a method of assessing muscle fatigue during endurance testing at 50% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) using electromyography (EMG) information as indirect indices of fatigability in the forear

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11

Teo, Wendy Z. W., Reshvinder Kaur, and Sandeep Sebastin. "Traumatic Rupture of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle Belly in a Circus Rigger." Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific Volume) 26, no. 02 (2021): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424835521720073.

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Closed traumatic rupture of forearm flexor muscles has been reported rarely. Previous reports have included ruptures of the flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, flexor carpi radialis, pronator quadratus and the palmaris longus. We report a patient with a closed traumatic rupture through the muscle belly of the flexor carpi ulnaris and summarise the published literature on ruptures involving the forearm flexor muscles. Overall, conservative treatment can result in excellent outcomes. Early surgical intervention is recommended in patients with nerve

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12

Okamoto, Syunro, Kaoru Tada, Hachinota Ai, and Hiroyuki Tsuchiya. "Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle Flap for Soft Tissue Reconstruction after Total Elbow Arthroplasty." Case Reports in Surgery 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/798506.

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The soft tissue at the tip of the olecranon is very thin, leading to the frequent occurrence of wound complications after total elbow arthroplasty. To cover a soft tissue defect of the elbow, the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle flap is thought to be appropriate for reconstruction of the elbow with regard to its size, location, and blood supply. We got positive clinical results, so we report our experiences of using a flexor carpi ulnaris muscle flap for soft tissue reconstruction after total elbow arthroplasty.

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13

Manol, Anastasov Kalniev, Stoyanov Krastev Dimo, Stoyanov Krastev Nikolay, and Marinov Marinov Ludmil. "A Rare Variation of Palmaris Longus Muscle and Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle with Clinical Significance: Case Report." International Journal of Clinical Science and Medical Research 04, no. 02 (2024): 31–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10633711.

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Abstract Not so many variations of the muscles belonging to the flexor muscle group of the forearm are described in comparison to the tendons of extensor muscle group of the forearm. During routine dissection in the section hall of the Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology in Medical University of Sofia we came across a very interesting variation of palmaris longus muscle and the tendons of flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. We observed the division of the tendon of palmaris longus into two wide and flat tendon bellies called lateral and medial. These bellies formed a Y-shaped figure.&nbsp

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14

Rein, Susanne, Jochen Winter, Thomas Kremer, Frank Siemers, Ursula Range, and Nane Euchner. "Evaluation of proprioception in denervated and healthy wrist joints." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 45, no. 4 (2020): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193419897192.

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We recruited 25 patients after complete wrist denervation and 60 healthy adults to investigate conscious and unconscious proprioception of the wrist. Ipsi- and contralateral joint-position sense, force sense, and wrist reflexes were measured. The latter were triggered by a trapdoor, recording electromyographic signals from the extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles. No significant differences were found for joint position sense, force sense, and wrist reflexes between both groups, except for reflex time of the flexor carp

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15

Kun, Yong Hak, and Kun Hee Kim. "Comparative Analysis of the Muscle Activity of Jiu-Jitsu Learners and Non-learners with Ippon Seio Nage." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 23, no. 20 (2023): 975–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2023.23.20.975.

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Objectives The purpose of this study is to provide basic scientific data such as technical information and training methods necessary for Jiu-Jitsu learners by comparing and analyzing the muscle activity of Ippon Seio Nage movement between Jiu-Jitsu learners and non-learners. Methods Using the noraxon system, muscle activity, integrated EMG, and muscle mobilization for Left flexor carpi Radialis, Left extensor carpi Ulnaris, Left Biceps brachii, Left Triceps, Right Tibialis Anterior, Right Biceps Femoris, Right Rectus Femoris and Right Gastrocemius were measured and compared for Jiu-Jits

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16

Vrijsen, Emily, Martin Hamon, Pierre Picavet, Bernard Bouvy, and Marc Balligand. "Bilateral contracture of the carpal and digital flexor muscles resulting in carpal flexural deformity in a cat." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 9, no. 1 (2023): 205511692311602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20551169231160226.

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Case summary A 12-year-old neutered female domestic shorthair cat was presented with bilateral progressive forelimb lameness that was unresponsive to anti-inflammatory drugs. Bilateral carpal flexural deformity with hyperflexion of multiple toes of the right forelimb was observed. In the absence of abnormalities detected on radiographs and ultrasound, a bilateral contracture of the carpal and digital flexor muscles was diagnosed. Treatment consisted of single-session bilateral selective tenectomies (5 mm) of the flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis and superficial digital flexor muscle

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17

Giusti, Nicolas E., Andres V. Somoza, and Keith T. Aziz. "Intramuscular Myxoma of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Causing Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: A Case Report." Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 14, no. 7 (2024): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2024.v14.i07.4604.

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Introduction: Intramuscular myxomas are rare, benign mesenchymal tumors which commonly arise in muscle of the upper limb, pelvis, abdominal tissue, spine, or facial muscle. There are few case reports of intramuscular myxomas, and none of these describe intramuscular myxoma as a cause of compressive neuropathy. Case Report: We describe the case of a 67-year-old woman who presented to us with a 1-year history of progressive enlargement of a painless right elbow mass. She gradually developed increasing numbness and tingling in her right small finger, which was worse at night. She underwent cubita

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Pressney, Ian, Bhavin Upadhyay, Sherine Dewlett, Michael Khoo, Anastasia Fotiadou, and Asif Saifuddin. "Accessory flexor carpi ulnaris: case report and review of the literature." BJR|case reports 6, no. 3 (2020): 20200010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjrcr.20200010.

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Most of the accessory muscles of the forearm described in the radiology literature are located either in the radial aspect of the forearm or towards the hypothenar eminence. We present an unusual case of an ulnar-sided distal forearm accessory flexor carpi ulnaris muscle presenting as a “pseudotumour“ demonstrated with both ultrasound and MRI, rarely reported in the current surgical and anatomical literature. Given the location and relation to the ulnar nerve towards Guyon’s canal, the accessory muscle may also predispose to distal ulnar nerve entrapment.

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Park, Kyoung-Hee, and Sin-Ae Park. "Electromyographic Analysis of Upper- and Lower-extremity Muscles in Adults during Agro-healing Activities." HortTechnology 34, no. 3 (2024): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech05347-23.

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This study investigated the activity of upper- and lower-extremity muscles for 15 agricultural tasks of agro-healing. For the development of an agro-healing program using farm resource types, 15 selected agro-healing activities (namely, digging, raking, fertilizing, planting transplants, tying plants to stakes, watering, harvesting, washing, cutting, cooking, collecting natural objects, decorating natural objects, interacting with dogs, walking dogs, and feeding fish) were extracted and performed in a total of 21 adults (average age: 42.29 ± 14.76 years) at D Care Farm in Cheongju, Korea, from

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20

Zhalniarovich, Y., Z. Adamiak, J. Głodek, P. Przyborowska, and P. Holak. "Comparison of High Resolution Gradient Echo, XBONE T1, XBONE T2, Spin Echo T1 and 3D SST1 magnetic resonance imaging sequences for imagining the canine elbow." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 17, no. 4 (2014): 587–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjvs-2014-0088.

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AbstractTwenty canine elbows were examined by low-field MRI. The objective of this study was to compare five magnetic resonance sequences: High Resolution Gradient Echo in the sagittal plane, XBONE T2 in the sagittal plane, Spin Echo T1 in the sagittal plane, Spin Echo T1 in the dorsal plane and 3D SST1 and XBONE T1 in the transverse plane, and to determine which sequences have the highest diagnostic value in imagining the canine elbow. High Resolution Gradient Echo, XBONE T2 and Spin Echo T1 sequences in the sagittal plane proved to be very useful in evaluations of osseous structures such as

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21

Shimizu, H., M. Beppu, T. Arai, H. Kihara, and K. Izumiyama. "ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN CUBITAL TUNNEL SYNDROME CAUSED BY A CUBITUS VARUS DEFORMITY." Hand Surgery 16, no. 03 (2011): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810411005473.

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We have retrospectively reviewed the clinical, preoperative ultrasonographic, and operative findings of eight patients who had tardy ulnar nerve palsy caused by a cubitus varus deformity. The mean varus angle on the affected side was 23°. With preoperative ultrasonography, the anterior dislocation of the ulnar nerve from the medial epicondyle was detected in dynamic scanning of short-axis images, and long-axis images revealed nerve compression and kinking in the proximal border of the flexor carpi ulnaris. Operative findings revealed compression of the ulnar nerve by a fibrous band, which was

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22

GOUSHEH, J., and E. ARASTEH. "Transfer of a Single Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Tendon for Treatment of Radial Nerve Palsy." Journal of Hand Surgery 31, no. 5 (2006): 542–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsb.2006.05.003.

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Between 1993 and 2002, 108 patients with isolated and persisting radial nerve palsy, underwent transfer of the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon alone to extensor digitorum communis, extensor indicis proprius and extensor pollicis longus. Only patients with sufficient flexor carpi ulnaris muscle power (grade M5) underwent this procedure. Long-term functional results were reviewed at a mean postoperative follow up of 48 (range 3–120) months. In comparison with the contralateral hand, the range of extension of the wrist was less but extension of the fingers and the MCP joints were similar to that of t

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23

Bhardwaj, Praveen, Laxminarayan Bhandari, and S. Raja Sabapathy. "SUPERNUMERARY FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS — CASE REPORT AND REVIEW." Hand Surgery 18, no. 03 (2013): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810413720222.

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Anomalies of Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) are uncommon and predominantly consist of abnormal insertion or extra tendinous bands. The presence of two separate bellies of FCU muscle with separate tendons has been termed as Digastric FCU. It is a very rare anomaly with only six previously reported cases and no report of clinical use of such anomalous muscle. We describe a case of anomalous FCU found incidentally in a patient operated for complex Post Volkmann's ischemic contracture deficits. On table each head of FCU was found to form separate belly and tendon. One tendon was used for the thumb opp

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Purinton, P. Thomas, Jonathan N. Chambers, and James L. Moore. "Identification and categorization of the vascular patterns to muscles of the thoracic limb, thorax, and neck of dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 53, no. 8 (1992): 1435–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1992.53.08.1435.

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Summary Vascular patterns to thoracic limbs, thorax, and neck muscles were studied in 10 dogs (20 limbs) to identify muscles most suitable for transposition in the treatment of large wounds. Gross dissection of injected specimens and angiography were used to identify vascular pedicles. Size and location of pedicles were generally consistent, and any variations would not interfere with most muscle transfers. The cutaneous trunci, latissimus dorsi, sternothyroideus, sternohyoideus, deep pectoral, anconeus, ulnaris lateralis, and ulnar head of flexor carpi ulnaris muscles were identified as suita

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Arora, L., and R. Dhingra. "Unusual nerve supply of biceps from ulnar nerve and median nerve and a third head of biceps." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 39, no. 02 (2006): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1699152.

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ABSTRACTVariations in branching pattern of the brachial plexus are common and have been reported by several investigators. Of the four main nerves traversing the arm, namely median, ulnar, radial and musculocutaneous, the ulnar and median nerve do not give any branches to muscles of the arm. Ulnar nerve after taking origin from medial cord of brachial plexus runs distally through axilla on medial side of axillary artery till middle of arm, where it pierces the medial intermuscular septum and enters the posterior compartment of arm. Ulnar nerve enters forearm between two heads of flexor carpi u

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Malar, D. "Bilateral Variation of Forearm Flexor Muscles - A Case Report and Clinical Significance." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 01, no. 01 (2012): 040–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401657.

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AbstractDuring routine dissection, bilateral multiple variations of forearm flexor muscles were observed in a male cadaver. The variations were a) an additional belly arising from the coronoid process of ulna, distal to the origin of ulnar head of flexor digitorum superficialis, passing deep to flexor digitorum superficialis and joining the tendon of flexor digitorum profundus to the middle finger; b) an additional belly arising from the distal part of flexor carpi ulnaris and passing superficial to ulnar nerve and ulnar vessels in the Guyon's canal and c) the origin of second lumbricals from

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Palumbo, Dante, Aden Miller, Elliott Smock, and Scott Farner. "Flexor carpi ulnaris herniation after cubital tunnel release: A case report." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 7 (January 2019): 2050313X1882335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x18823355.

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Muscle herniation in the upper extremity is a rare but recognized phenomenon with a paucity of reports in the current literature. In the majority of cases, the herniation is secondary to trauma, with some of the cases due to muscle hypertrophy and increased intra-compartmental pressure from the forced exertion. Treatment for this condition ranges from nonsurgical, repair, or reconstruction to fasciotomy of the flexor carpi ulnaris fascia. Here, we present a case of flexor carpi ulnaris herniation after an open in situ cubital tunnel release in a 57-year-old male 6 years after initial surgery.

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Dymarek, Robert, Jakub Taradaj, and Joanna Rosińczuk. "Extracorporeal Shock Wave Stimulation as Alternative Treatment Modality for Wrist and Fingers Spasticity in Poststroke Patients: A Prospective, Open-Label, Preliminary Clinical Trial." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4648101.

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Objective.To evaluate the effectiveness of radial shock waves (rESW) for wrist and fingers flexors spasticity in stroke patients.Methods.Twenty patients with upper limb muscle spasticity were enrolled in the study and treated with a single session of rESW. The spasticity level of the radio carpal (RC) and finger (FF) joints was assessed using Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). The resting bioelectrical activity of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) was examined using surface electromyography (sEMG). Trophic conditions were measured using infrared thermal (IRT) imaging.

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Jansen, Margot O., J. A. G. M. van Raaij, A. J. van den Bogert, H. C. Schamhardt, and W. Hartman. "Quantitative analysis of computer-averaged electromyographic profiles of intrinsic limb muscles in ponies at the walk." American Journal of Veterinary Research 53, no. 12 (1992): 2343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1992.53.12.2343.

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Summary The function of several intrinsic muscles of the fore- and hind limbs of 5 ponies walking normally was evaluated via surface electromyography. Electromyographic signals were band-pass filtered, rectified, linear enveloped, and standardized to the stride duration. Mean data from the muscles of the left and right limbs that were obtained from at least 30 strides in 2 recording sessions were recorded as electromyographic signals-time curves. The timing of muscle activity was determined from these graphs. On the basis of the major peaks in the electromyographic signal, muscle functions wer

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Nagahi, Morteza, Niamat Ullah Ibne Hossain, Vidanelage L. Dayarathna, Sofia Karam, Kari Babski-Reeves, and Raed Jaradat. "The Impact of Participants’ Anthropometry on Muscle Activation Levels While Interacting with the Level of Expertise, Task Type, and Single Muscles." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 5, no. 4 (2020): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5040088.

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In this research paper, we implemented a mixed factor design in order to investigate the effect of four anthropometries: height, weight, lower-arm dimensions, and upper-arm dimensions on the muscle activation level of participants when interacting with three types of moderators: experiment expertise, task type, and muscle type. The research paper focused on two levels of expertise (novice and expert), two tasks (deck-building and picket installation), and four arm muscles (Brachioradialis (BR), Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (ECU), Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR), and Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU)), which re

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Chong, Simon Jeffery, Sami Al-Ani, Clinton Pinto, and Bruce Peat. "Bilateral Flexor Carpi Radialis Brevis and Unilateral Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Brevis Muscle: Case Report." Journal of Hand Surgery 34, no. 10 (2009): 1868–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2009.08.002.

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Maas, Huub, and Peter A. Huijing. "Synergistic and antagonistic interactions in the rat forelimb: acute effects of coactivation." Journal of Applied Physiology 107, no. 5 (2009): 1453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00328.2009.

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The goals of the present study were 1) to assess effects of antagonist coactivation on mechanical interactions between synergistic muscles, and 2) to quantify the extent of epimuscular myofascial force transmission between synergistic and antagonistic muscles in the rat forelimb. Connective tissues enveloping the muscle bellies in the antebrachium were left intact. Forces exerted at the distal tendons of flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU), palmaris longus (PL), and extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) muscles were measured at various FCU lengths for two different stimulation protocols: 1) simultaneous stimula

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González-Rellán, Sonia, Andrés Barreiro, José Manuel Cifuentes, and Patricia Fdz-de-Trocóniz. "Anatomy of the Palmar Region of the Carpus of the Dog." Animals 12, no. 12 (2022): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12121573.

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The palmar region of the canine carpus is anatomically complex, and the information found in the literature about its anatomy is inconsistent. The aims of this prospective, descriptive, anatomic study were (1) the clarification and (2) the description of the precise anatomic composition of the palmar region of the canine carpus, with special reference to the canalis carpi. For this study, 92 cadaveric specimens were obtained from 46 dogs that had died for reasons unrelated to this study. Of these, 43 medium-to-large-breed dogs were randomly selected for the dissection of transverse slices of t

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Podnar, Simon. "Concentric Needle Electromyography Findings in Patients with Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow." NeuroSci 5, no. 4 (2024): 666–73. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci5040047.

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In ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE), the degree of neuropathic changes, the sensitivity of needle electromyography (EMG) in individual ulnar muscles, and the utility of individual EMG parameters are controversial. I compared qualitative needle EMG findings in two ulnar-innervated hands muscles and two ulnar-innervated forearm muscles in a group of previously reported UNE patients. Altogether, 170 UNE patients (175 arms) were studied. I found spontaneous denervation activity (SDA) most frequently in the first dorsal interosseus (FDI) (62%) and neuropathic changes in the abductor digiti minim

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Atthakomol, Pichitchai, Sezai Ozkan, Neal Chen, and Sang-Gil Lee. "Combined flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi radialis transfer for restoring elbow function after brachial plexus injury." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 7 (2019): e230406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-230406.

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The result of combined agonist and antagonist muscle innervation in traumatic brachial plexus injury through the intraplexal fascicle nerve transfers with the same donor function has not yet been reported. We describe a patient with a C5–C7 traumatic brachial plexus injury who had a combined transfer of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) fascicle to the musculocutaneous nerve and the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) fascicle to the radial nerve of the triceps. The patient returned for his follow-up visit 2 years after his surgery. The muscle strengths of his triceps and biceps were Medical Research Cou

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Zarębski, Aleksander, Marcel Słomiński, Małgorzata Smoter, and Rafał Studnicki. "Analysis of the Effect of Training Driving on Electromyographic Parameters in Trained Karting Drivers: A Study of Fatigue and Its Relationship with Training Practice." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 10, no. 2 (2025): 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10020190.

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Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate changes in forearm muscle activity associated with short-term go-kart driving (680 m) and its potential effect on muscle activation patterns. Methods: Eleven male karting league drivers (mean age: 23.18 ± 1.40 years; body mass: 83.27 ± 10.98 kg; height: 182.73 ± 5.66 cm) volunteered to participate. Electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded from four muscles: extensor carpi radialis (ECR), extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU), flexor carpi radialis (FCR), and flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU). Baseline EMG was measured before the intervention, followed by

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Ni, Cheng-Hua, Yueh-Hsun Lu, Li-Wei Chou, et al. "Analysis of Vibration Frequency and Direction for Facilitating Upper-Limb Muscle Activity." Biology 12, no. 1 (2022): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12010048.

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We aimed to determine the effect of vibration frequency and direction on upper-limb muscle activation using a handheld vibrator. We recruited 19 healthy participants who were instructed to hold a handheld vibrator in their dominant hand and maintain the elbow at 90° flexion, while vertical and horizontal vibrations were applied with frequencies of 15, 30, 45, and 60 Hz for 60 s each. Surface electromyography (EMG) measured the activities of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), flexor carpi radialis (FCR), extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU), extensor carpi radialis (ECR), biceps, triceps, and de

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Siwek, Katarzyna, Robert Krupa, Andrzej Mrożek, Jacek Ciach, Jagoda Urbańska, and Małgorzata Suchanecka. "Anatomical variations of the flexor carpi ulnaris in the fetal period." Anthropological Review 85, no. 4 (2023): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1898-6773.85.4.09.

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Introduction: The Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) is a part of the palmar the forearm muscle group and one of the most important muscles for upper limb functioning - is responsible for flexion and adduction of the hand at the radio-carpal joint. There are clinically significant but rare anatomical variations of FCU. The variability of the FCU has not been described up to now, and no typology of the muscle based on its more variable terminal attachment has been created. Aim of the study: Determination of FCU muscle typology based on available fetal material. Material and methods: A total of 114 hum

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Saito, Rex, Ryan Beckett, and Joel Frazier. "An aberrant palmaris brevis causing ulnar nerve compression at guyon’s canal: An anatomic case report and literature review." MOJ Orthopedics & Rheumatology 14, no. 3 (2022): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojor.2022.14.00583.

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There have been reports of ulnar nerve compression due to anatomic variations at Guyon’s canal. Knowledge of certain variations at Guyon’s canal may help hand surgeons identify possible unconventional compression sites of the ulnar nerve. We present a case report of a patient with an aberrant palmaris brevis muscle belly that was found to cross over the proximal aspect of the ulnar tunnel neurovascular bundle potentially causing ulnar nerve symptoms. Surgical interventions with the release of the palmaris brevis muscle belly and transposition to the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon at the level of

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LUTZ, B. S., D. C. C. CHUANG, S. S. CHUANG, J. C. HSU, S. F. MA, and F. C. WEI. "Nerve Transfer to the Median Nerve Using Parts of the Ulnar and Radial Nerves in the Rabbit – Effects on Motor Recovery of the Median Nerve and Donor Nerve Morbidity." Journal of Hand Surgery 25, no. 4 (2000): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2000.0389.

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In this study, motor re-innervation of the median nerve by transfer of one-third, one-half, and two-thirds of either the agonistic ulnar nerve or the antagonistic radial nerve was investigated in both extremities of 20 rabbits. Recipient median nerve: Muscle contraction force of the flexor digitorum sublimus muscle after a one-third and a one-half of the ulnar nerve transfer achieved an average of 75 and 97% muscle power respectively as compared to conventional end-to-end neurorrhaphy. Muscle contraction force after one-third or one-half of the radial nerve transfer was significantly lower (36

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Czarkowska-Bauch, Julita. "Various strategies of forelimb movement during contact placing reactions elicited by tactile stimulation of the different aspects of a cat's paw." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 56, no. 4 (1996): 907–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-1996-1198.

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Forelimb trajectory and the activity of eight muscles operating at the elbow, wrist and digit joints were analyzed during contact placing (CP) reactions elicited by tactile stimuli applied to the lateral (L) or medial (M) side of the cat's forepaw to verify whether a common movement strategy was used in these reactions. A tactile stimulus applied to the lateral side of the paw led, most frequently, to a short-latency activation of the elbow flexor muscles and flexor carpi radialis. Stimulation of the medial side of the paw produced either a short-latency activation of the elbow flexors or both

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Alam, Mohd Mukhtar, Abid Ali Khan, and Mohd Farooq. "Effects of vibratory massage therapy on grip strength, endurance time and forearm muscle performance." Work 68, no. 3 (2021): 619–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203397.

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BACKGROUND: Vibration therapy (VT) causes an increase in motor unit activation tendency, an involuntary recruitment of earlier sedentary motor units, which increases the muscle fiber force generating capacity and muscle performance. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of vibratory massage therapy at 23 Hz and 35 Hz on grip strength, endurance, and forearm muscle performance (in terms of EMG activity). METHODS: Ten healthy and right-handed men participated voluntarily in this study. The experiment was characterized by the measurement of MVC (maximal voluntary contraction) grip strength and grip e

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Kadhim, Abdul-Sahib N., Mohammed M. Abdul-Sattar, and Hasan S. Falah. "Surface Electromyography Signal Collecting Strategy for Artificial Hand Controlling Purposes." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 2, no. 10 (2018): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2017.2.10.467.

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Surface electromyography technique is presented for muscle activation detection and intuitive control of prostheses or robot arm. This research aims to develop a strategy for collecting EMG signal in order to be used as input control for an artificial hand. Methodology of this research composed of, collecting EMG signal using clinical device to choose the best position. Collect the signal using myoware muscle sensor depending on these positions locating above with determining the threshold value for each position. The test was done on a healthy female person and an amputee person, a number of

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Kadhim, Abdul-Sahib N., Mohammed M. Abdul-Sattar, and Hasan S. Falah. "Surface Electromyography Signal Collecting Strategy for Artificial Hand Controlling Purposes." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 2, no. 10 (2018): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2017.2.10.467.

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Surface electromyography technique is presented for muscle activation detection and intuitive control of prostheses or robot arm. This research aims to develop a strategy for collecting EMG signal in order to be used as input control for an artificial hand. Methodology of this research composed of, collecting EMG signal using clinical device to choose the best position. Collect the signal using myoware muscle sensor depending on these positions locating above with determining the threshold value for each position. The test was done on a healthy female person and an amputee person, a number of

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Tittiranonda, Pat, Bernard Martin, and Stephen Burastero. "Comparison of Muscle Activity during Use of Computer Pointing Devices in Cad Operators." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 37 (2000): 633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403723.

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This study examined the use of four different computer pointing devices on surface electromyographic activity of the index finger, forearm and shoulder/neck muscles among CAD operators in the workplace. Subjects were randomly assigned to use their own mouse, a trackball, a joystick mouse or an experimental mouse. Results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in muscle load for the upper trapezius, extensor indicis proprius, and extensor carpi ulnaris across pointing devices for CAD operations. The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle load remained relatively constant wh

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Saravanan, Kamalesh, Rajesh Kumar, Dibakar Borthakur, Harisha Kusuma, and Seema Singh. "Accessory Flexor Muscle of Forearm – A Rare Variant – Embryological and Clinical Prospect." Prague Medical Report 125, no. 4 (2024): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2024.32.

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Several muscle variations have been observed in flexor aspect of forearm which can hamper normal functioning of hand or may remain silent. One such unreported variation has been described in this report. An accessory muscle in the left forearm was found involving flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) and palmaris longus (PL). This muscle was originating from the distal part of both FCU and PL through a slip from each tendon. After merging, it passed above the ulnar nerve and artery in the roof of Guyon’s canal. This type of variation can cause neurovascular compression and can also mimic soft tissue mass

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Lima, Ana Rita de, José Gabriel Ribeiro Alves, Thamara Cozzi Gonçalves, and Érika Branco. "Comparative Myology of the Forelimb in Capuchin and Night Monkeys." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 45, no. 1 (2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.80725.

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Background: The capuchin monkey (Sapajus apella) and the night monkey (Aotus azarae infulatus) are primates with broad distribution in South America. Sapajus apella is best-studied species in the genus Cebus, and is commonly found in captivity in parks, zoos, and sorting centers in Brazil. Species in the genus Aotus have a primitive appearance with large eye sockets, and their nocturnal habits are unique among the apes today. Because these two species belong to the same order, they have similar morphological characteristics. In this work, we conduct a comparative study of the forelimb musculat

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Al-QATTAN, M. M. "Tendon Transfer to Reconstruct Wrist Extension in Children with Obstetric Brachial Plexus palsy." Journal of Hand Surgery 28, no. 2 (2003): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(02)00301-7.

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This study reports on 20 children with obstetric brachial plexus palsy who underwent a tendon transfer to reconstruct wrist extension. The mean age at the time of tendon transfer was 8 years. There were seven patients with Erb’s palsy and the remaining 13 had total palsy. The flexor carpi ulnaris was utilized 15 times and the flexor carpi radialis five times. The transferred tendon was sutured to the tendon of the extensor carpi radialis brevis. The result of the transfer was assessed according to a modified Medical Research Council (MRC) muscle grading system. A good result was obtained in 18

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Fadel, Zahir T., Osama A. Samargandi, and David T. Tang. "Variations in the Anatomical Structures of the Guyon Canal." Plastic Surgery 25, no. 2 (2017): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2292550317694851.

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Background: Compression neuropathy of the ulnar nerve at the Guyon canal is commonly seen by hand surgeons. Different anatomical variations of structures related to the Guyon canal have been reported in the literature. A thorough knowledge of the normal contents and possible variations is essential during surgery and exploration. Objectives: To review the recognized anatomical variations within and around the Guyon canal. Methods: This study is a narrative review in which relevant papers, clinical studies, and anatomical studies were selected by searching electronic databases (PubMed and EMBAS

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Sami Elsaharty, Karim, Shaimaa Mohamed Hamed Elmarakby, Nevein Nabil Alagamy, Maha G. Ibrahim, Nehad Mohamed Abdelnabi Mousa, and Rana Nabil Hussien. "Impact of handedness on electromyographic activity of hand muscles and nerve conduction velocity during mobile phone use in adolescents." SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte 13 (November 11, 2024): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/sportk.637271.

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This study investigated the impact of handedness on electromyographic (EMG) activity of hand muscles and nerve conduction velocity during smartphone use and compared the effects of left- and right-handedness on hand muscle activation and nerve conduction velocities. This interventional parallel study included 70 participants (35 left-handed, 35 right-handed) aged 12 to 14 years. EMG activity and nerve conduction velocities (radial, median, and ulnar nerves) were measured before and after 10 minutes of smartphone use. Muscle activation was assessed for the abductor pollicis longus (APL), extens

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