Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flexural tests on composite beams

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Flexural tests on composite beams'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 8 September 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Flexural tests on composite beams"

1

Robinson, Hugh. "Multiple stud shear connections in deep ribbed metal deck." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 15, no. 4 (1988): 553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l88-076.

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This paper summarizes the results of push-out tests conducted on 17 different types of shear connections simulating three distinct components of a composite floor system: (1) an interior beam (perpendicular metal deck), (2) a spandrel beam (perpendicular metal deck), and (3) a girder (parallel metal deck). Each push-out specimen had a layer of 152 × 152 WM9.1 × WM9.1 welded wire mesh at mid-depth of each concrete slab.Two composite beams, each with ribbed shear connections typical of those in two of the types of push-out specimens representing ribbed shear connections in interior composite beams with ribbed metal deck, were tested with third-point loads over a simply supported span. Using the average ultimate shear strengths of the push-out specimens having the same configurations as the ribbed shear connections in the composite beam tests to calculate the ultimate flexural capacities of the composite beams resulted in a very close estimate of the measured ultimate flexural capacities of the composite beams. The average measured static yield strengths of the flanges and webs of the wide-flange sections used in the composite beam tests were included in the calculations of the ultimate flexural capacities of the composite beams. Key words: composite, push-out, ultimate shear, shear stud, ribbed metal deck, deep rib.
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Nie, Jian Guo, and Jie Zhao. "Flexural Behavior of Steel Plate-Concrete Composite Beams." Key Engineering Materials 400-402 (October 2008): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.400-402.37.

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In this paper, the steel plate-concrete composite (SPCC) beam is developed, in which traditional steel beam in the steel-concrete composite beam is replaced by a steel plate. The aim to develop this type of composite beam is to provide a theoretical basis for design of SPCC structures and SPCC-strengthened structures. In order to investigate the flexural behavior of SPCC beams, tests were conducted on five specimens with loading cases of four-point or three-point bending. All the beams were identical in geometry, longitudinal reinforcement, stirrup, and concrete strength but various in steel plate thickness, shear connection degree, shear span length and cut-off position of steel plate. The structural behavior of the tested SPCC beams, including strain, deflection, crack width, load carrying capacity and deformability, etc., were measured and analyzed. Based on test results, it can be concluded that by means of appropriate shear connection degree and anchorage length, steel plate and concrete can work together very well and the SPCC beams have a very good ductility. The ultimate strength of the SPCC beams can be calculated by means of the same plastic method as reinforced concrete beams.
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Wijayawardane, Isuru Sanjaya Kumara, Hiroshi Mutsuyoshi, Hai Nguyen, and Allan Manalo. "Flexural behaviour of glass fibre-reinforced polymer and ultra-high-strength fibre-reinforced concrete composite beams subjected to elevated temperature." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 9 (2016): 1357–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216677998.

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Composite beams consisting of pultruded glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) I-beams and ultra-high-strength fibre-reinforced concrete (UFC) slabs have been developed for use in short-span bridges. Fibre-reinforced polymer bolts (fibre-reinforced polymer threaded rods) and epoxy adhesive were used to connect the UFC slab to the GFRP I-beam. The authors conducted material tests and large-scale static bending tests at room and elevated temperatures (less than 90°C) to investigate the flexural behaviour of GFRP-UFC composite beams subjected to elevated temperature. The test results demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the GFRP I-beams, fibre-reinforced polymer bolts and epoxy adhesive were significantly deteriorated at elevated temperatures due to the glass transition of their polymer resin matrices. As a result, the stiffness and ultimate flexural capacity of the GFRP-UFC composite beams under elevated temperatures were significantly reduced. More than 85% of the flexural capacity of the GFRP-UFC composite beams was retained up to 60°C but that was decreased to 50% at 90°C. Fibre model analysis results confirmed that the stiffness of the GFRP-UFC composite beams is not significantly affected by actual hot environments, where there is a moderate temperature gradient across the beam cross-section.
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Jiang, Yuchen, Xiamin Hu, Wan Hong, Mingming Gu, and Weimin Sun. "Investigation on partially concrete encased composite beams under hogging moment." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 3 (2016): 461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216654148.

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In order to investigate the mechanical behavior of the partially concrete encased composite beam under hogging moment, static loading tests were conducted on one conventional composite beam and three partially concrete encased composite beams. The results show that partially concrete encased composite beams have higher stiffness and flexural capacity under hogging moment as compared with conventional composite beams. It is also found that the concrete encasement is able to enhance the local bucking resistance of the steel beam and effectively reduces the propagation speed of crack width under hogging moment. By comparing different partially concrete encased composite beams, it is indicated that the stiffness and flexural capacity of partially concrete encased composite beams increase with the increase in reinforcement ratio of the concrete slab. Also, with the increase in the reinforcement ratio of the concrete slab, the distribution of cracks on the slab is denser and the propagation speed of crack width reduces. In addition, the calculation methods in both European code and Chinese code can well predict the crack width on the concrete slab, and the ultimate flexural capacity predicted from the simplified plastic theory in Eurocode 4 is in good agreement with test results.
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Jayas, B. S., and M. U. Hosain. "Behaviour of headed studs in composite beams: full-size tests." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 16, no. 5 (1989): 712–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l89-106.

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This paper summarizes the results of tests conducted on four full-size composite beams and two full-size push-off specimens which are companions of the first two beams. In these specimens, the ribbed metal deck was placed perpendicular to the beam span. Concrete pull-out was the principal mode of failure. The ultimate horizontal shear loads observed in the push-off specimens agreed reasonably well with those predicted using an empirical equation proposed by the authors. The predicted values of flexural capacity, calculated indirectly using the same equation, were in good agreement with those observed in the four beam specimens. Key words: composite beam, headed shear stud, stud shear capacity, stud pull-out failure, full-size tests, perpendicular ribbed metal deck.
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Chin, Siew Choo, Foo Sheng Tong, Shu Ing Doh, Jolius Gimbun, Yuen Kei Foo, and Januar Parlaungan Siregar. "Potential External Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beam Using Natural Fiber Composite Plate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 878 (February 2018): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.878.41.

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A study has been conducted to investigate the potential use of mengkuang leaves or Pandanus atrocarpus bonded with epoxy resin as external strengthening material for the strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Physical and mechanical properties as well as structural properties of the mengkuang leaves-epoxy composite plates (MLECP) were evaluated in this study. Chemical treatment was performed on the dried mengkuang leaves using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with concentrations of 2%, 5% and 8%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and flexural strength tests were conducted on the mengkuang leaves and flexural specimens, respectively. All the beams were tested to failure under four-point loading. Results showed that the flexural strength of the composite with 0.3 fiber volume ratio exhibited the highest flexural strength. Strengthening of RC beam using MLECP managed to increase the beam capacity.
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Xu, Shi Lang, and Nan Wang. "Flexural Behaviors of RC Beams Strengthened with Post-Poured UHTCC Layer." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.6.

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For studying the effectiveness of externally pouring Ultra High Toughness Cementitious Composites (UHTCC) in improving the flexural behaviors of existing reinforced concrete beams, four-point bending tests were conducted up to failure on seven RC beams and strengthening beams. The flexural strength, failure mode and crack propagation of composite beams were investigated. The results showed that pouring UHTCC on the bending surface of reinforced concrete beams properly to improve the ductility and load capacity of composite beams. It was also found that UHTCC layer restricted the development of cracks in upper concrete and dispersed them into multiple fine cracks effectively. Compared with post-poured concrete, UHTCC was more suitable for working together with reinforcement. The load-deflection plots obtained from three-dimensional finite-element models (FEMs) analyses were compared with those obtained from the experimental results, which showed close correlation.
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Oguejiofor, E. C., and M. U. Hosain. "Tests of full-size composite beams with perfobond rib connectors." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 1 (1995): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-008.

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This paper presents the test results of six full-size composite beam specimens with perfobond rib shear connectors embedded in solid concrete slab. The objective of this investigation was to study the performance of this connector in full-size composite beams and to correlate the test results with those obtained from push-out specimens. In the first three beam specimens, the amount of transverse reinforcement was varied. Two other specimens were used to investigate the effectiveness of more perfobond rib connectors of shorter length. The effect of passing transverse reinforcing bars through the connector rib holes was investigated using the last specimen. Failure of the test specimens was initiated by longitudinal splitting of the concrete slab, eventually culminating in the crushing of concrete in the bearing zone immediately in front of the end perfobond rib connectors. The test results showed that increasing the transverse reinforcement ratio, excluding the wire mesh, from 0.11% to 0.20% led to a 10% increase in the ultimate capacity. The test specimen with six 251 mm long connectors sustained 11% higher ultimate capacity compared to that with four 376 mm long connectors. An increase of 8.4% in the ultimate strength was observed when transverse reinforcing bars were passed through the perfobond rib holes while keeping the total amount of transverse reinforcement unchanged. The experimental values of the ultimate flexural capacity of the beam specimens were, on the average, approximately 1.11 times the predicted values based on push-out test results. Key words: composite beam, perfobond rib connector, push-out test, full-size test, flexural capacity.
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Morassi, Antonino, and Luigi Rocchetto. "A Damage Analysis of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams Via Dynamic Methods: Part I. Experimental Results." Journal of Vibration and Control 9, no. 5 (2003): 507–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546303009005002.

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This paper is an experimental investigation on damage-induced changes in modal parameters of steel-concrete composite beams subject to small vibrations. Dynamic tests have been performed on two pairs of composite beams, whose connections have different linear densities, and three damage configurations for each beam have been analyzed. Damage was induced by removing concrete around some elements connecting the steel beam and the reinforced concrete slab and consequently causing a lack of structural solidarity between the two beams. Experiments revealed that: (i) unlike axial frequencies, flexural frequencies show a rather high sensitivity to damage and therefore can be considered as a valid indicator upon a diagnostic analysis; (ii) induced damage causes the nodes of flexural vibration modes to displace towards the damaged area; (iii) in addition to hindering relative sliding on the concrete-steel interface, the elements connecting the slab and the metallic beam play a key role in reducing transversal motions between the two beams. These experimental results were crucial to outline an accurate analytical model of the dynamic behavior of composite beams with damaged connectors and to formulate a diagnostic problem from dynamic test data. Part II of this research will deal with mechanical modeling of damaged composite beams and damage identification.
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Wang, Kun, Zhiyu Zhu, Huihui Luo, and Ahmed Ahmad Omar. "Analysis on Flexural Capacity of Square Steel Tube Truss Concrete Beams with Grouted Chords." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (February 11, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6694291.

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In this research paper, simulations on five specimens of square steel tube truss concrete beams with grouted chords were conducted by finite element analysis (FEA) software ABAQUS. Comparison of failure modes, vertical load-deflection curves, and steel tube strain variation with tests was done. The rationality and validity of the FEA models were also verified. On this basis, parameter analysis was carried out, and the influence of concrete strength, steel ratio of upper and lower chords, and spacing of steel tube truss joints on the vertical load-deflection curves were obtained. From the results of tests and parameter analysis, design formulae of flexural bearing capacity for composite beams were proposed based on the assumption that steel tubes are equivalent to ordinary longitudinal steel bars. Accordingly, the results indicated that the steel tubes of the upper chords in the composite beams cannot get yield for full sections due to the structural requirements; the steel tube of the lower chords will be the first to reach fully yielding and the upper concrete crushed subsequently, showing a failure mode analogous to that of the under-reinforced concrete beam; the steel ratio of lower chords is the primary factor affecting the flexural capacity of the normal section among the parameters; the calculation from the proposed design formulae for the flexural capacity of normal section is in agreement with the tests and simulations. This research could provide reference for the design of this kind of composite beam.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flexural tests on composite beams"

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Ferrell, Monica Joy. "Flexural Behavior of Carbon/Epoxy IsoTruss Reinforced-Concrete Beam-Columns." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd695.pdf.

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Pai, Perng-Jin F. "Nonlinear flexural-flexural-torsional dynamics of metallic and composite beams." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38755.

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A combination of Newton's second law, a transformation using three consecutive Euler angles, and Taylor expansions is used to develop three nonlinear integro-differential equations describing the flexural-flexural-torsional vibration of metallic and composite beams. The twisting curvature is used to define a physical twisting variable which makes the equations of motion unique and independent of the rotation sequence of the Euler angles. A numerical-perturbation approach is used to analyze the response of metallic and composite beams to parametric and external excitations. First, the linear eigenfunctions and natural frequencies are calculated using a combination of the state-space concept and the fundamental-matrix method. Then, the method of multiple scales is used to construct a set of nonlinear autonomous first-order ordinary-differential equations describing the slow-time modulation of the amplitudes and phases of the interacting modes in the presence of one-to-one and/or two-to-one internal resonances. The inversion symmetry, D, symmetry, and 0(2) symmetry of the system are studied using the modulation equations. The solutions of the modulation equations may be fixed points, limit cycles, or chaotic solutions.<br>Ph. D.
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Jackson, Rahsean LaNaul. "Vibration and Flexural Strength Characteristics of Composite Castellated Beams." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31242.

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With the development of lightweight concrete and design optimizations, floor vibration problems are becoming a serious serviceability problem. The castellated beam is a prime example and was the focus of this study. The vibration and flexural strength performance were verified in this paper. <p> The vibration characteristics of castellated beams were examined using experimental and analytical test methods. The effective moment of inertia is essential to accurately predict the frequency and deflection of a floor system due to human occupancy. Since castellated beams have non-prismatic cross-sections, their effective moment of inertia is an uncertainty and was verified in this study. This paper confirmed the accuracy of the AISC Design Guide procedures used in for prismatic beam, when applied to castellated beams. <p> The flexural strength of various composite castellated beam were studied. Three full-scale specimens were tested to failure to evaluate their yield and maximum applied load. Each specimensâ moment strength was verified based on span, beam properties, concrete slab, and amount of shear connection.<br>Master of Science
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Wang, Wei-bo. "Analytical approaches to predict flexural behaviour of curved composite beams." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396199.

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Turetta, Maxime. "Development of an innovative U-shaped steel-concrete composite beam solution : experimental and numerical studies on the mechanical behaviour." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0203.

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Une solution innovante de poutre mixte acier-béton a été développée en tenant compte des problématiques de résistance au feu et de montage sur chantier. La poutre est composée d'une partie métallique en U connectée à une partie en béton armé. En phase de construction, la poutre métallique supporte la dalle et constitue un coffrage pour la retombée en béton armé. La poutre en U résiste aux charges de construction sans système d’étaiement temporaire. Lors du coulage du béton, la poutre en acier est remplie en même temps que la dalle, ce qui permet un gain de temps considérable sur chantier. En phase d'exploitation, la poutre est mixte acier-béton. La connexion entre les deux matériaux est réalisée par des goujons à tête soudée en partie inférieure de la poutre en U. En situation d'incendie, la poutre mixte répond aux durées de stabilité au feu conventionnelles grâce aux armatures longitudinales à l'intérieur de la retombée avec des enrobages suffisants. Un état de l'art sur les solutions existantes répondant aux critères de la thèse est réalisé afin de proposer une solution innovante et optimisée. En phase de construction, sans présence de maintien, la poutre métallique en U est sujette à l’instabilité globale de déversement. Afin de caractériser la stabilité de la poutre, un test à échelle réelle est effectué au Laboratoire de l'Université du Luxembourg. Les résultats de l’essai sont comparés à des simulations numériques et à des études analytiques. Une étude paramétrique portant sur 200 configurations géométriques de la poutre en U est réalisée afin de valider l'utilisation de la courbe « b » pour le dimensionnement au déversement selon l’Eurocode 3. En phase d'exploitation, une fois le béton durci, la poutre présente un comportement mixte acier-béton assuré par la connexion. Pour des raisons de fabrication, la connexion est située dans une zone où le béton est soumis à des efforts de traction induits par la flexion de la poutre. Le béton dans cette zone est potentiellement fissuré, l’efficacité de la connexion et par conséquent le comportement mixte acier-béton sont étudiés. Un autre test, à échelle réelle, est effectué dans le Laboratoire de l'Université du Luxembourg. La ruine de la poutre mixte, par effort tranchant, se produit à très grands déplacements. Cependant, l’échantillon présente un réel comportement mixte avec une ductilité élevée, la connexion est donc très efficace. Les résultats de l’essai sont comparés à des simulations numériques afin de valider le modèle par éléments finis développé. A partir des résultats numériques et des résultats d’essais, une méthode de conception pour déterminer la résistance à la flexion de cette poutre, basée sur l’Eurocode 4, est proposée en tenant compte de la plastification partielle des parois de la section en U. Une méthode de conception analytique globale est proposée pour la solution développée basée sur les Eurocodes, avec des considérations supplémentaires et des conseils de mise en œuvre<br>An innovative solution of steel-concrete composite beam was developed taking into consideration the fire situation and the construction stage. The beam is composed of a U-shaped steel part connected to a reinforced concrete part. In the construction phase, the beam is supporting the slab and constitutes a formwork for the reinforced concrete part. The U-shaped beam withstands the construction loads without any temporary propping system. When casting concrete, the steel beam is filled at the same time as the slab, this allows considerable time-saving on site. In exploitation stage, the beam behaves as a steel-concrete composite beam. The connection between the two materials is made by welded headed studs on the lower part of the U-shaped beam. In fire situations, the composite beam satisfies conventional fire stability durations due to the longitudinal reinforcements inside the concrete downstand part with sufficient covers. A literature review focuses on modern solutions that fulfils the criteria of the thesis is performed in order to develop an innovative solution optimised. In construction stage, the U-shaped steel beam without restraints is prone to lateral torsional buckling instability. In order to characterise the stability of the beam, a full-scale test is carried out at the Laboratory of the University of Luxembourg. The test clearly showed the lateral torsional buckling of the steel beam. The test results are compared to numerical simulations and analytical studies. A parametrical study, covering 200 geometrical configurations of the U-shaped beam, is carried out to validate the use of the curve "b" for the design of the steel beam for lateral torsional buckling according to Eurocodes 3. In the exploitation phase, once the concrete hardens, the beam has a steel-concrete composite behaviour provided by the shear connection between the two materials. For manufacturing reasons, the connection is located in a zone where the concrete is subjected to tension forces induced by the bending of the beam. The concrete in this zone is potentially cracked, thus the efficiency of the connection and therefore the mechanical steel-concrete composite behaviour is investigated. Another test is therefore carried out in the Laboratory of the University of Luxembourg, this time the specimen tested is made of concrete and steel. The failure mode is a shear mechanism of the composite beam at very large displacements. However, the beam specimen exhibited a real steel-concrete composite behaviour with high ductility, the connection is therefore very efficient. The test results are compared to numerical simulations in order to validate the finite element model developed. From numerical results and test results, an analytical method, based on EN 1994-1-1, is proposed to find the bending resistant of this composite beam by taking into account the partial yield of the side plates of the U-shaped steel section. A global analytical design method is proposed for the developed solution based on the Eurocodes with additional considerations and constructional guidelines
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Koike, Ayako. "Torsional and flexural control of sandwich composite beams with piezoelectric actuators." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06232009-063235/.

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Quantrill, Richard. "Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using bonded polymer composite plates." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1996. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843751/.

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The in situ rehabilitation or upgrading of reinforced concrete (RC) members using bonded steel plates has been proven in the field to be an effective, convenient and economic method of improving structural performance. However, disadvantages inherent in the use of steel have stimulated research into the possibility of using fibre- reinforced polymer (FRP) materials in its place, providing a non-corrosive, more versatile strengthening system. The aim of this investigation was to provide a detailed study of the flexural strengthening of RC beams using FRP plates. Experimental testing of 1.0 m length specimens was used to illustrate the feasibility and general characteristics of external FRP strengthening. A parametric study was also carried out to evaluate the influence of basic geometric and material parameters on overall performance. Larger-scale 2.3 m length beams were used to confirm the general behaviour observed in the 1.0 m tests. The structural effects of pre-tensioning the FRP plate prior to bonding to the beam were also examined. Although moderate increases in flexural rigidity and strength over a non-prestressed member were attained by the use of this technique, the greatest influence observed was restraint on the initiation and development of cracking. The performance of the component materials and overall strengthened system under sustained load application and adverse environmental conditions was considered experimentally. The results, although somewhat limited, suggest that environmental deterioration of the mechanical properties of bulk adhesive specimens does not necessarily imply a degradation of the bond performance in situ or a reduction in the long-term structural behaviour of the strengthened member. Similarly, the viscoelastic nature exhibited by the epoxy adhesive when tested in isolation did not appear to affect the time-dependent behaviour of the strengthened member; the addition of the externally bonded FRP plate appeared to have only beneficial influences on long-term behaviour. The effectiveness of theoretical methods of predicting FRP strengthened beam response to load application was finally assessed. A simple, iterative analytical technique was generally found to provide good correlation with the global behaviour determined experimentally. Theories proposed to account for the occurrence of premature failure of steel plated beams were evaluated; these appear to be unsuitable for FRP strengthened members. Use of the finite element (FE) method for predicting flexural response was also investigated. In this case, agreement with behaviour observed in testing was found to be poor. This was attributed to the representation of material response incorporated in the FE package.
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Lee, Stephen Kim Lon. "Flexural strength of reinforced concrete beams strengthened using carbon fibre reinforced composite sheets." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420192.

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Sensmeier, Mark D. (Mark David). "Static and dynamic large deflection flexural response of graphite- epoxy beams." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45895.

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<p>In support of crashworthiness studies of composite airframes, the present study was undertaken to understand the large deflection flexural response and failure of graphite-epoxy laminated beams. The beam specimens were subjected to eccentric axial impact loads and to static eccentric axial loads, in order to assess the damage caused by impact.</p><p> A geometrically and materially nonlinear analysis of the response and failure of the static test specimens is presented. The analysis employed an incremental, noniterative finite element model based on the Kantrovich method and a corotational solution technique. Width-wise effects are included by assuming specific forms of the displacements across the width, with length-wise variation introduced as a degree of freedom. This one-dimensional, 22 degree of freedom finite element accurately predicted the load-deflection and strain-deflection responses of the static test specimens.</p><p> Inclusion of nonlinear material behavior was found to be important in correctly predicting load-deflection response of uniaxial materials, while inclusion of width-wise effects was determined to be more important for laminates with off-axis plies due to the existence of coupling between bending and twisting curvatures (D<sub>16</sub>and D<sub>26</sub>). Once material nonlinearity begins to occur in flexure, even symmetric laminates exhibit bending-stretching coupling due to different material response in tension and compression. </p><br>Master of Science
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Olka, Michael. "FLEXURAL MECHANICAL DURABILITY OF CONCRETE BEAMS STRENGTHENED BY EXTERNALLY BONDED CARBON FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER SHEETS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3120.

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About 77,600 bridges throughout the United States in the Federal Highway Association (FHWA) bridge database are listed as structurally deficient. This has created a need to either replace or strengthen bridges quickly and efficiently. Due to high costs for total replacement of deficient bridges, strengthening of existing bridges is a more economical alternative. A technique that has been developing over the past two decades is the strengthening of bridges using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. The CFRP sheets are attached to the bottom of the bridge girders using structural adhesives so that the CFRP becomes an integral part of the bridge and carries a portion of the flexural loading. The CFRP sheets allow for an increase in the capacity of the bridge with minimal increase in the weight of the structure due to CFRP having a low density. Because the CFRP is expected to be an integral component and carry some of the long-term loading it is important to understand the long-term durability of the composite section. This thesis is part of a larger project, in which the long-term durability of the CFRP composite on concrete beams is investigated experimentally. The CFRP strengthened beams are exposed to fatigue testing and thermal-humidity cycling followed by failure testing. The testing scheme for this experiment allows for the investigation of the individual effects of fatigue and thermal-humidity loading as well as to explore the effects from combined fatigue and thermal-humidity loading. The investigation of the combined effects is a unique aspect of this experiment that has not been performed in prior studies. Results indicate that a polyurethane-based adhesive could provide a more durable bond for the CFRP-concrete interface than possible with epoxy-based adhesives.<br>M.S.<br>Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Civil Engineering MS
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Books on the topic "Flexural tests on composite beams"

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Maurer, Michael B. Shrinkage and flexural tests of a full-scale composite truss. Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Alberta, 1994.

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Sensmeier, Mark D. Static and dynamic large deflection flexural response of graphite-epoxy beams. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1988.

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Quantrill, Richard. Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using bonded polymer composite plates. 1996.

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Hayden, Griffin O., Johnson Eric R, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Static and dynamic large deflection flexural response of graphite-epoxy beams. Virginia Tech Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987.

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Hayden, Griffin O., Johnson Eric R, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division., eds. Static and dynamic large deflection flexural response of graphite-epoxy beams. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1988.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Transverse flexural tests as a tool for assessing damage to PMR-15 composites from isothermal aging in air at elevated temperatures. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flexural tests on composite beams"

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Adam, C., and F. Ziegler. "Flexural Vibrations of Viscoplastic Composite Beams." In Computational Mechanics ’95. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79654-8_200.

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Kvočák, Vincent, and Daniel Dubecký. "Fatigue Tests of Composite Beams." In SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66925-6_7.

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Kvočák, Vincent, and Daniel Dubecký. "Long-Term Tests of Composite Beams." In SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66925-6_6.

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Kvočák, Vincent, and Daniel Dubecký. "Static Loading Tests of Composite Beams." In SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66925-6_5.

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Ercan, Emre, Bengi Arısoy, Ali Demir, and Anıl Özdemir. "Analysis of Strengthened Composite Beams Under Flexural Stress." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64349-6_40.

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Zhao, Huiling, Shashi Kunnath, and Yong Yuan. "Flexural Behavior of HS Composite Beams via FEM." In Computational Structural Engineering. Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2822-8_129.

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Meng, Dan, C. K. Lee, and Y. X. Zhang. "Flexural Behaviour of Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol-Engineered Cementitious Composite Beams." In Strain-Hardening Cement-Based Composites. Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1194-2_51.

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Chawla, Himanshu, N. Chandramauli, and S. B. Singh. "Study of the Composite Action of FRP Floor Beams and RC Slab Under Flexural Loading." In Emerging Trends of Advanced Composite Materials in Structural Applications. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1688-4_6.

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Kusaka, Takayuki, Keiko Watanabe, Ken Suke Okubo, and Hironori Namiki. "Improvement of Flexural Strength of RC Beams by Using the Multi-Layer Multi-Tensioning Method with CF Sheets." In Advances in Composite Materials and Structures. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-427-8.429.

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Kusterle, Wolfgang. "Flexural Creep Tests on Beams—8 Years of Experience with Steel and Synthetic Fibres." In RILEM Bookseries. Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1001-3_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flexural tests on composite beams"

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Sheehan, Therese, Xianghe Dai, Jie Yang, Kan Zhou, and Dennis Lam. "Flexural behaviour of composite slim floor beams." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.6963.

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Composite slim floor beams comprise a steel section embedded in a concrete slab, offering the advantages of a steel-concrete composite structure combined with a reduced floor depth. Several mechanisms contribute to the shear connection in this type of beam, such as headed studs, friction and clamping effects and the using of reinforcement bars passing through holes in the steel beam web. However, to date, nobody has systematically identified these mechanisms and Eurocode 4 does not provide specific design guidance for slim floor beams. Hence, a series of shear beam tests and flexural beam tests were carried out in order to assess the degree of shear connection and connector capacity in these beams. The test set-up is described including different arrangements of shear connectors for each specimen. The paper presents the findings from the flexural beam tests. The results are compared with those from the previous shear beam tests. Numerical models will be developed in future to extend the data and include a wider range of parameters. The data will also be used to improve understanding of this type of beam and will lead to the provision of specific design guidelines for slim floor beams.
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Liu, Yong, Lanhui Guo, and Zhiguo Li. "Flexural behavior of steel-concrete composite beams with U-shaped steel girders." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.7922.

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This paper focuses on a new type of steel-concrete composite beams consisting of U-shaped steel girders and angle connectors. Compared with conventional composite beams consisting of wide flange girders and headed stud connectors (or short channel connectors), the composite beams considered in this study have favorable flexural performance while reducing the excessive costs and potential construction challenges due to installation of the stud and/or channel shear connectors. Through four-point bending tests on five specimens, this research team experimentally investigated flexural behavior of such new composite beams. The five specimens were varied to have different angle connector intervals and installation locations. Test results showed that composite beams with angle connectors welded to the webs of U-shaped steel girder failed in brittle failure modes while composite beams with angle connectors welded on the top flange of U-shaped steel girder failed in ductile failure mode. Moreover, finite element analysis were performed and the results were verified by the experimental results. According to the parametric analysis results, concrete strength has little effect on flexural behavior of composite beams while increasing yield stress of steel girder could significantly increase the flexural resistance but could not change the initial stiffness. Increasing the height of steel girder, the thickness and width of bottom flange are recommended to improve the flexural behavior of composite beams.
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Hajjar, Jerome F., Lizhong Wang, and Mark D. Webster. "Design for Deconstruction for Sustainable Composite Steel-Concrete Floor Systems." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.7060.

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Conventional steel-concrete composite floor systems utilizing steel headed stud anchors and metal decks are cost-effective and widely used solutions for non-residential multi-story buildings, due in part to their enhanced strength and stiffness relative to non-composite systems. Because these systems use steel headed stud anchors welded onto steel flanges and encased in cast-in-place concrete slabs to achieve composite action, it is not possible to readily deconstruct and reuse the steel beams and concrete slabs. As the building industry is moving towards sustainability, there are clear needs for developing sustainable steel-concrete composite floor systems to facilitate material reuse, minimize consumption of raw materials, and reduce end-of-life building waste. This paper presents the behavior and design strategies for a sustainable steel-concrete composite floor system. In this system, deconstructable clamping connectors are utilized to attach precast concrete planks to steel beams to achieve composite action. The load-slip behavior of the clamping connectors was studied in pushout tests, and the test results showed that the clamping connectors possess similar shear strength to 19 mm diameter shear studs and much greater slip capacity. Four full-scale beam tests were performed to investigate the flexural behavior of the deconstructable composite beams under gravity loading and validate the connector behavior attained from the pushout tests. All the beams behaved in a ductile manner. The flexural strengths of the composite beam specimens closely match the strengths predicted for composite beams by the design provisions of the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC).
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Şener, Özgün, Oğuzhan Dede, Oğuz Atalay, Mert Atasoy, and Altan Kayran. "Evaluation of Transverse Shear Moduli of Composite Sandwich Beams Through Three-Point Bending Tests." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87636.

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Transverse shear moduli of the sandwich core and flexural stiffness of all-composite sandwich constructions are determined with three-point beam bending tests, and compared with the analytical and finite element analysis solutions. Additionally, Digital Image Correlation (DIC) system is employed to validate the experimental results by monitoring the displacements. The effect of orientation of the composite core material with respect to the beam axis on the shear modulus of the core material itself, flexural stiffness of the sandwich beam, maximum loading, and the maximum stresses on the sandwich panel are also examined. Comparable results are achieved through experiments, finite element and analytical analyses.
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Shendokar, Sachin, Ajit Kelkar, Ram Mohan, and Ronnie Bolick. "Effect of Interleaved Electrospun Nanofiber on Flexural Properties of Fiber Glass Composites." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39186.

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Electrospinning is regarded as one of the most efficient processes to generate one-dimensional nano structures. The electrospinning process is simple and provides consistent mass production of nanofibers. The scalability of the electrospinning process has an excellent potential to fulfill the high volume requirements of nanofibers in the infrastructure applications. The present work emphasizes the use of interleaved electrospun nanofibers in fiber glass composite beams. The Flexural behavior of a simply supported beam under a centrally concentrated loading is studied. Flexural properties of a fiber glass composite beam with interleaved electrospun nanofibers are compared with a fiber glass composite beam without electrospun nanofibers. The material configuration of the composite beams is: woven E-glass fabric prepregs with a low temperature molding resin. In addition, interleaved between the plies are TEOS (Tetra Ethyl Orthosilicate) electrospun nanofibers. The nanofibers were produced by developing optimized operating process parameters and a stabilized sintering temperature cycle to ensure consistency in the fiber morphology and pore structure. The successful integration of the electrospun nanofibers within the prepreg layers was obtained by pre-impregnation with a B-staged resin film and de-bulking to remove excessive resin prior to vacuum bagging. A series of mechanical Flexure tests were performed per the ASTM D7264 standard specification. Micrographs were obtained to study the progressive deformation and damage mechanics due to flexural loading in the specimens and clearly illustrate the differences in the failure mechanism with and without the electrospun interface layers.
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Xue, Yicong, Yong Yang, Yunlong Yu, and Ruyue Liu. "Experimental study on mechanical performance of partially precast steel reinforced concrete beams." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.6942.

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In order to exploit the potentials in mechanical and constructional performance of steel reinforced concrete structures and prefabricated structures, three innovative kinds of partially precast steel reinforced concrete beams, which are abbreviated here as PPSRC, HPSRC and PPCSRC beam, are presented in this paper. The PPSRC beam is composed of two parts, which are the precast outer shell with high-performance concrete and the cast-in-place inner part with common-strength concrete. Meanwhile, on the basis of PPSRC beam, the PPCSRC beam applies castellated steel shape and the HPSRC beam keeps the beam core hollow. With the aim to investigate the mechanical behavior, failure mode and bearing capacity of the PPSRC, PPCSRC and HPSRC beams, a static loading experiment with twenty four specimens was carried out. The effects of aspect ratio, construction method, section shape, concrete flange and strength of concrete were critically examined. Test results indicate that the HPSRC, PPCSRC and PPSRC beams both exhibit similar mechanical performance and bonding performance. The flexural capacity and shear capacity are seldom affected by the construction method and section shape, and increase with the increasing of the cast-in-place concrete strength. The shear strength of the specimens is significantly affected by the concrete flange and aspect ratio.
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Wencong, Li. "Flexural Behavior of Composite Beam with I-Shaped Cross-Section Shear Connector." In IABSE Conference, Seoul 2020: Risk Intelligence of Infrastructures. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/seoul.2020.297.

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&lt;p&gt;In recent years, supertall buildings above a height of 450 meter have been built continuously in the world, especially in China and the Middle East. In order to meet structural performance of the supertall buildings, structural systems with excellent seismic performance and wind resistance performance are required. In the structural system, mega-column located at the building perimeter is a key structural member and it is expected to have large tensile, compressive, flexural, shear and torsional strength. Therefore, it is desirable that the steel and the concrete in the mega-column can be integrated tightly. In this study, I-shaped cross-section shear connector is proposed to prevent the slip between steel and concrete. Three-point flexural tests of a I-shaped cross-section steel and concrete composite beam specimen with I-shaped cross-section shear connectors and a conventional I-shaped cross-section steel and concrete composite beam specimen without I-shaped cross-section shear connector were carried out to investigate the effect of I-shaped cross-section shear connector on the inelastic behavior of a flexural member. The experimental results showed that the composite beam specimen with I-shaped cross-section shear connectors exhibited higher flexural strength and it is expected that the proposed I-shaped cross-section shear connector has a potential of being applied to the mega-column in the tomorrow’s supertall buildings.&lt;/p&gt;
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Rizzolo, Robert H., and Daniel Walczyk. "Ultrasonic Consolidation of Thermoplastic Composite Prepreg for Automated Tape Layup." In ASME 2014 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME 2014 International Conference on Materials and Processing and the 42nd North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2014-4167.

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There is a need to manufacture advanced composite parts faster, cheaper and with less waste as interest in these materials for lightweighting components used by the aerospace, automotive, marine and energy markets continues to grow. For example, although hot gas torch heating is a well-established process for producing advanced thermoplastic composites parts in automated tape layup (ATL), researchers are looking at other polymer welding methods including laser, infrared and ultrasonic heating in an attempt to improve the process. This paper focuses on benchmarking the capabilities of a new method, ultrasonic consolidation, against another standard process for consolidating thermoplastic composites, i.e. thermal pressing. To accomplish this, 3-point beam bending tests are conducted on specimens made with both methods and flexural strength results were used as an objective comparison. The ultrasonic welding proved to be more effective in welding PET/Carbon tape than thermal, showing an increase of maximum flexural stiffness of 65% for the highest performing ultrasonic consolidation samples, but did not weld HDPE/Glass as effectively with the best ultrasonic samples having 36% lower stiffness. The quasi-isotropic samples showed very similar results. The results show that given suitable process parameters and a compatible thermoplastic composites system, ultrasonic consolidation of prepreg composite tape can be as effective as current thermal methods in terms of performance, but still manage to decrease the time and energy consumed.
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Mahapatra, D. Roy, S. Gopalakrishnan, and T. S. Sankar. "Scattering and Transmission of Mixed-Mode Waves in Delaminated Thick Composite Beams." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/vib-21543.

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Abstract A spectral finite element model is developed to study scattering and transmission of axial-flexural-torsional coupled waves in multi-sitedelaminated thick composite beams. The analysis may find its suitability and superiority to capture the high frequency dynamics of laminated composite structure in vibrating environment and for health monitoring in combination with non-destructive test data. Spectral finite element considering first order shear deformation is used to model the delaminated segments along the span of the beam, as well as the delaminated ply-groups in thickness direction. This spectral element is derived from exact solution to the 3D governing wave equations in Fourier domain. As aresult, the thin sublaminates and beam segments do not lock. Spatial discretization is carried out in a similar way as in conventional finite element method. The major differences from conventional finite element method are (1) the transformation of all the fields from temporal to frequency domain is carried out using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm, (2) the global system is solved at each frequency step (3) fine meshing at the delamination tip to capture the crack-tip singularity (as in conventional finite element discretization) is not required (4) the overall system size becomes many order smaller than that in conventional finite element methods. The study essentially includes unsymmetry induced due to ply orientations and due to multiple delamination across beam thickness. A case study is presented to show the effect of wave transmission and scattering by a single through delamination in unidirectional composite beam.
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Rangisetty, Sridher, and Larry D. Peel. "The Effect of Infill Patterns and Annealing on Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Thermoplastic Composites." In ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-4011.

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Recently, carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs) have become popular choices in desktop-based additive manufacturing, but there is limited information on their effective usage. In Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), a structure is created by layers of extruded beads. The degree of bonding between beads, bead orientation, degree of interlayer bonding, type of infill and the type of material, determines overall mechanical performance. The presence of chopped fibers in thermoplastics increases melt viscosity, changes coefficients of thermal expansion, may have layer adhesion issues, and causes increased wear on nozzles, which makes FDM fabrication of thermoplastic composites somewhat different from neat thermoplastics. In the current work, best practices and the effect of annealing and infill patterns on the mechanical performance of FDM-fabricated composite parts were investigated. Materials included commercially available PLA, CF-PLA, ABS, CF-ABS, PETG, and CF-PETG. Two sets of ASTM D638 tensile and ASTM D790 flexural test specimens with 3 different infill patterns and each material were fabricated, one set annealed, and all tested. Anisotropic behavior was observed as a function of infill pattern. As expected, strength and stiffness were higher when the beads were oriented in the direction of the load, even for neat resins. All fiber-filled tensile results showed an increase in stiffness, but surprisingly, not in strength (likely due to very short fiber lengths). Tests of annealed specimens resulted in clear improvements in tensile strength, tensile stiffness and flexural strength for PLA, CF-PLA, and PETG, CF-PETG but a reduction in flexural stiffness. Also, annealing resulted in mixed improvements for ABS and CF-ABS and is only useful in certain infill patterns. This work also establishes ‘Best Practices’ of FDM-type fabrication of thermoplastic composite structures and documents the minimum critical fiber lengths and fiber fractions of several CF-filled FDM filaments.
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Reports on the topic "Flexural tests on composite beams"

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Weiss, Charles, William McGinley, Bradford Songer, Madeline Kuchinski, and Frank Kuchinski. Performance of active porcelain enamel coated fibers for fiber-reinforced concrete : the performance of active porcelain enamel coatings for fiber-reinforced concrete and fiber tests at the University of Louisville. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40683.

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A patented active porcelain enamel coating improves both the bond between the concrete and steel reinforcement as well as its corrosion resistance. A Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program to develop a commercial method for production of porcelain-coated fibers was developed in 2015. Market potential of this technology with its steel/concrete bond improvements and corrosion protection suggests that it can compete with other fiber reinforcing systems, with improvements in performance, durability, and cost, especially as compared to smooth fibers incorporated into concrete slabs and beams. Preliminary testing in a Phase 1 SBIR investigation indicated that active ceramic coatings on small diameter wire significantly improved the bond between the wires and the concrete to the point that the wires achieved yield before pullout without affecting the strength of the wire. As part of an SBIR Phase 2 effort, the University of Louisville under contract for Ceramics, Composites and Coatings Inc., proposed an investigation to evaluate active enamel-coated steel fibers in typical concrete applications and in masonry grouts in both tension and compression. Evaluation of the effect of the incorporation of coated fibers into Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) was examined using flexural and compressive strength testing as well as through nanoindentation.
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