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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flight control – Data processing

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Academic literature on the topic 'Flight control – Data processing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Flight control – Data processing"

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Dharamvir and K. S. Hemanth. "Transformational Perceptive of Data Recorder for UAV Flight Automation Control System using Image Processing Techniques." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2335, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2335/1/012016.

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Abstract Flight Data Recorders (FDRs) are readily available in the market, to be used on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for onboard data recording. They have their own inbuilt sensors and characteristics and can be easily placed within the cockpit of the UAV. However, they have umpteen drawbacks. They do not have sufficient sampling rate for rapid and accurate flight automation, are either very bulky, or do not incorporate some of the necessary sensors required for post-flight analysis and are very costly. Hence, the need arises where the FDR needs to be designed to suit the requirements. We go about designing one such FDR. Our FDR incorporates a MicroStrain’s 3DM- GX1 Gyro Enhanced Orientation Sensor, a Texas Instrument’s GPS module and four servo motors each controlling the rudder, elevator, ailerons. The data from these devices are interpolated to increase the sampling rate and are simultaneously stored into a Secure Digital (SD) / Micro Memory Card (MMC) during the flight of the UAV. Greater sampling rates allow more rapid and accurate flight automation. SD/MMC cards allow faster and efficient data retrieval for post flight processing. Our FDR is designed to be compact, cheap and overcomes most of the drawbacks mentioned above. Therefore, we call this FDR as Smart Data Recorder(SDR).

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Zámková, Martina, Martin Prokop, and Radek Stolín. "Factors Influencing Flight Delays of a European Airline." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 65, no. 5 (2017): 1799–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201765051799.

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The main aim of the paper was to investigate factors influencing flight delays of a European airline. Besides the identification and analysis of those factors the paper offers possible suggestions on how to eliminate the delays. The research is based on data acquired over the period of time spanning from June to September in 2008 – 2014. Analysis of contingency tables, including Pearson’s chi‑squared test, has been used for data processing. The dependencies have been presented in graphical form by using correspondence maps. The proportion of delayed flights reaches approx. 50 % during nearly the entire monitored period only in September the proportion drops to 45 %. Flight delays are most frequently caused by delays of previous flights of the same plane. These previous delayed flights are the main culprit of long delays and the frequency of delay occurrence caused by this reason increases significantly during the day. Longer delays of flights appear also due to technical maintenance or aircraft defects. On the contrary other factors such as operational control and crew duty norms, air traffic control and airport limitations tend to cause rather shorter delays of flights with the air traffic control encountering more problems with coordination of flights in the early morning. The supply and service companies also manage to eliminate long delays.

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Xiao, Yang, Shulin Dai, Chenfan Xiao, and Xinfeng Xu. "Research and Development of a Real-time UAV Flight Visualization Simulation System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2218, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2218/1/012081.

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Abstract On the premise of practical application, this paper describes the principle, technology and implementation methods of a real-time UAV flight visualization simulation system. The overall framework, hardware system composition, UAV flight model establishment, determination of flight control mode and control rate, design of 3D visual simulation system, management and processing of UAV flight state data are discussed, and finally, the actual application effect of the system is evaluated.

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Chen, Nongtian, Youchao Sun, Zongpeng Wang, and Chong Peng. "Improved LS-SVM Method for Flight Data Fitting of Civil Aircraft Flying at High Plateau." Electronics 11, no. 10 (May 13, 2022): 1558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11101558.

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High-plateau flight safety is an important research hotspot in the field of civil aviation transportation safety science. Complete and accurate high-plateau flight data are beneficial for effectively assessing and improving the flight status of civil aviation aircrafts, and can play an important role in carrying out high-plateau operation safety risk analysis. Due to various reasons, such as low temperature and low pressure in the harsh environment of high-plateau flights, the abnormality or loss of the quick access recorder (QAR) data affects the flight data processing and analysis results to a certain extent. In order to effectively solve this problem, an improved least squares support vector machines method is proposed. Firstly, the entropy weight method is used to obtain the index weights. Secondly, the principal component analysis method is used for dimensionality reduction. Finally, the data are fitted and repaired by selecting appropriate eigenvalues through multiple tests based on the LS-SVM. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, the QAR data related to multiple real plateau flights are used for testing and comparing with the improved method for verification. The fitting results show that the error measurement index mean absolute error of the average error accuracy is more than 90%, and the error index value equal coefficient reaches a high fit degree of 0.99, which proves that the improved least squares support vector machines machine learning model can fit and supplement the missing QAR data in the plateau area through historical flight data to effectively meet application needs.

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Hryshchenko, Yurii, Maksym Zaliskyi, Svitlana Pavlova, Oleksandr Solomentsev, and Tatiana Fursenko. "Data Processing in the Pilot Training Process on the Integrated Aircraft Simulator." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2021-0008.

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Abstract Flight safety is an integral part of air transportation. Flight accidents are highly unlikely to appear but most of them are caused by the human factor. The aircrew training system for abnormal operations relies on integrated aircraft simulator-based exercises. Crew needs to be trained not to degrade piloting technique quality when facing increased psychophysiological tension. Therefore, methods evaluating the characteristics of ergatic aircraft control systems, warning systems for deterioration due to failures in avionics systems, piloting technique quality, and abnormal operation algorithms are necessary. An analysis of the bank angle has revealed that there are hidden increased tension manifestations in the human operator expressed in the transition of the flight parameter variation from a stationary random process to deterministic fluctuations in the form of a sinusoid. The goal of the research is to increase the efficiency of pilots’ training using integrated aircraft simulators based on the design and implementation of statistical data processing algorithms. To achieve the goal of the research, two algorithms for detecting deterministic fluctuations based on the Neyman-Pearson criterion and the optimal Bayesian criterion are developed. The presented algorithms can be used in the integrated simulator software to automate the decision-making process on piloting quality.

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Mauring, Eirik, and Ola Kihle. "Leveling aerogeophysical data using a moving differential median filter." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 1 (January 2006): L5—L11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2163912.

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We describe a new technique that can be used to level data collected along regular and irregular line patterns with or without tie-line control. The technique incorporates a moving differential median filter to minimize line-level errors, to level survey-line data, and to microlevel data with no tie-line control. This overcomes the problem of standard leveling methods that lose their effectiveness with irregular flight patterns. To validate the method, we use it to level very-low-frequency (VLF) electromagnetic (EM) data from a helicopter survey where flight lines are parallel. Leveling is also performed on a set of vintage aeromagnetic data from the North Sea, gathered from nonparallel flight lines. Results show that the differential median filter leveling technique is superior to the standard leveling method because it results in fewer line errors and less distortion of high-wavenumber anomalies when processing irregular survey lines, making the method suitable for a wide variety of data sets.

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Huang, Min, Zhong-wei Wang, Zhen-yun Guo, and Yao-bin Niu. "Design of the wind tunnel based virtual flight testing evaluation method for flight control systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 232, no. 1 (September 28, 2016): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016670678.

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In order to provide a method for evaluating flight control systems with the wind tunnel based virtual flight testing and provide a guide for building virtual flight testing systems, the virtual flight testing evaluation method was researched. The virtual flight testing evaluation method consisted of three parts: virtual flight testing method, virtual flight testing data processing method, and flight control system performance determination method, which were respectively designed for a pitching control system. Then, the hardware-in-the-loop simulation evaluation method was presented, and comparisons between the virtual flight testing and hardware-in-the-loop simulation evaluation method were conducted to highlight the characteristics of virtual flight testing evaluation method. Finally, virtual flight testing simulation models of a sample air vehicle were built and virtual flight testing were simulated to demonstrate the virtual flight testing evaluation method, which is helpful for the understanding of the virtual flight testing evaluation method with more sensibility. The evaluation results show that the virtual flight testing evaluation method designed can be used for flight control system evaluation.

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Qu, Jingyi, Shixing Wu, and Jinjie Zhang. "Flight Delay Propagation Prediction Based on Deep Learning." Mathematics 11, no. 3 (January 17, 2023): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11030494.

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The current flight delay not only affects the normal operation of the current flight, but also spreads to the downstream flights through the flights schedule, resulting in a wide range of flight delays. The analysis and prediction of flight delay propagation in advance can help civil aviation departments control the flight delay rate and reduce the economic loss caused by flight delays. Due to the small number of data samples that can constitute flight chains, it is difficult to construct flight chain data. In recent years, the analysis of the flight delay propagation problem is generally based on traditional machine learning methods with a small sample size. After obtaining a large amount of raw data from the China Air Traffic Management Bureau, we have constructed 36,287 pieces of three-level flight chain data. Based on these data, we tried to use a deep learning method to analyze and forecast flight delays. In the field of deep learning, there are CNN models and RNN models that deal with classification problems well. Based on these two classes of models, we modify and innovate the study of the problem of flight delay propagation and prediction. Firstly, the CNN-based CondenseNet algorithm is used to predict the delay level of the three-level flight chain data. Based on this, the CondenseNet network is improved by inserting CBAM modules and named CBAM-CondenseNet. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm can effectively improve the network performance, and the prediction accuracy can reach 89.8%. Compared with the traditional machine learning method, the average prediction accuracy increased by 8.7 percentage points. On the basis of the CNN model, we also considered the superiority of the LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory network) considering the processing time sequence information, and then constructed the CNN-MLSTM network and injected the SimAM module to enhance the attention of flight chain data. In the experiment of flight delay propagation prediction, the accuracy rate is 91.36%, which is a significant improvement compared to using the CNN or LSTM alone.

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Knyazev, A. S. "The use of the X-Plane flight simulator and SimInTech environment in the educational process during the practical lesson "Flight data processing"." Civil Aviation High Technologies 24, no. 6 (December 27, 2021): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2021-24-6-42-53.

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During training sessions at an aviation university, it is advisable to demonstrate samples of aviation equipment, individual elements of systems and assemblies, or use specialized stands and posters. However, when conducting classes remotely, not all of these materials can be used, since it is not always possible to show them in dynamics and thus ensure the formation of a clear idea of students about the object being studied. The article considers an example of using a flight simulator in the educational process as a means of visualizing aviation equipment during a practical lesson "Flight data processing". Visual perception of the materials of objective control does not give a complete understanding of the dynamics of the aircraft flight, its attitude while executing pilotage and aerobatics elements, therefore, it is necessary to demonstrate the performance of flight elements with the simultaneous display of flight parameters in a graphical form. For this purpose, the X-Plane flight simulator is used, for interaction with which a project has been developed in the SimInTech environment that implements data exchange for flight control of an aircraft model and registration of parametric information for its further analysis. Schemes for simulating the operation of on-board recording devices are described. The ways of solving the tasks are described. The possibility of using the developed projects for remote training of aviation specialists, as well as the implementation of the results obtained in the educational process of aviation universities, is indicated.

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Romatschke, Ulrike, Michael Dixon, Peisang Tsai, Eric Loew, Jothiram Vivekanandan, Jonathan Emmett, and Robert Rilling. "The NCAR Airborne 94-GHz Cloud Radar: Calibration and Data Processing." Data 6, no. 6 (June 19, 2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data6060066.

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The 94-GHz airborne HIAPER Cloud Radar (HCR) has been deployed in three major field campaigns, sampling clouds over the Pacific between California and Hawaii (2015), over the cold waters of the Southern Ocean (2018), and characterizing tropical convection in the Western Caribbean and Pacific waters off Panama and Costa Rica (2019). An extensive set of quality assurance and quality control procedures were developed and applied to all collected data. Engineering measurements yielded calibration characteristics for the antenna, reflector, and radome, which were applied during flight, to produce the radar moments in real-time. Temperature changes in the instrument during flight affect the receiver gains, leading to some bias. Post project, we estimate the temperature-induced gain errors and apply gain corrections to improve the quality of the data. The reflectivity calibration is monitored by comparing sea surface cross-section measurements against theoretically calculated model values. These comparisons indicate that the HCR is calibrated to within 1–2 dB of the theory. A radar echo classification algorithm was developed to identify “cloud echo” and distinguish it from artifacts. Model reanalysis data and digital terrain elevation data were interpolated to the time-range grid of the radar data, to provide an environmental reference.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flight control – Data processing"

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Haerian, Laila. "Airline Revenue Management: models for capacity control of a single leg and a network of flights." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1181839192.

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Cazes, Florian. "Méthodes de traitement innovantes pour les systèmes de commandes de vol." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/9102/1/cazes.pdf.

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Implantés pour la première fois en 1980, les systèmes de commandes de vol électriques (CDVE) équipent désormais tous les avions AIRBUS et constituent un standard industriel dans l’aviation civile. Les CDVE permettent notamment un meilleur contrôle de l’avion (lois de pilotage et pilote automatique plus évolués...) et la mise en place de fonctions spécifiques de protection de l’enveloppe de vol. Les objectifs des avionneurs, dans le cadre de l’amélioration globale des futurs appareils, s’orientent vers des appareils plus stables, plus maniables, moins coûteux et donc plus écologiques. Cela se traduit en particulier par l’augmentation de la disponibilité des systèmes de commande de vol. Actuellement, la solution la plus utilisée par les avionneurs consiste à augmenter la redondance et la dissimilarité matérielles. Ainsi, les paramètres de vol qui sont entre autres nécessaires au calcul des lois de pilotage, sont mesurés par plusieurs capteurs (par exemple trois sondes d’incidence, trois sondes pitot...). Pour chaque paramètre de vol, un choix ou un calcul doit être réalisé pour évincer les sources présentant un dysfonctionnement. Ceci permet de fournir une unique valeur aux autres systèmes de l’appareil tout en s’assurant sa disponibilité. Ce processus est appelé « consolidation ». L’objectif de la thèse est de réaliser des méthodes de détection de dysfonctionnements agissant sur chaque capteur puis de proposer une stratégie de fusion des informations, en vue de remplacer l’actuel processus de « consolidation ». L’idée principale consiste à créer des capteurs dits « logiciels », qui sont des estimateurs des paramètres de vol (mesurés par des capteurs externes de l’avion) utilisant d’autres paramètres de vol dissimilaires (en l’occurence des paramètres inertiels, mesurés par des capteurs différents et internes). La régression PLS (pour partial least squares) permet de réaliser cette estimation. Des stratégies de détection et des méthodes de fusion découlent de ses propriétés.

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Watanabe, Yoko. "Stochastically optimized monocular vision-based navigation and guidance." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22545.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Johnson, Eric; Committee Co-Chair: Calise, Anthony; Committee Member: Prasad, J.V.R.; Committee Member: Tannenbaum, Allen; Committee Member: Tsiotras, Panagiotis.

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Turver, Kim D. "Batch Processing of Flight Test Data." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611885.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1993 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
Boeing's Test Data Retrieval System not only acts as an interface between the Airborne Data Acquisition System and a mainframe computer but also does batch mode processing of data at faster than real time. Analysis engineers request time intervals and measurements of interest. Time intervals and measurements requested are acquired from the flight tape, converted to first order engineering units, and output to 3480 data cartridge tape for post processing. This allows all test data to be stored and only the data of interest to be processed at any given time.

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Eccles, Lee H., and John J. Muckerheide. "FLIGHT TEST AIRBORNE DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615393.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 13-16, 1986 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada
The Experimental Flight Test organization of the Boeing Commercial Airplane Company has an onboard data reduction system known as the Airborne Data Analysis/Monitor System or ADAMS. ADAMS has evolved over the last 11 years from a system built around a single minicomputer to a system using two minicomputers to a distributed processing system based on microprocessors. The system is built around two buses. One bus is used for passing setup and control information between elements of the system. This is burst type data. The second bus is used for passing periodic data between the units. This data originates in the sensors installed by Flight Test or in the Black Boxes on the airplane. These buses interconnect a number of different processors. The Application Processor is the primary data analysis processor in the system. It runs the application programs and drives the display devices. A number of Application Processors may be installed. The File Processor handles the mass storage devices and such common peripheral devices as the printer. The Acquisition Interface Assembly is the entry point for data into ADAMS. It accepts serial PCM data from either the data acquisition system or the tape recorder. This data is then concatenated, converted to engineering units, and passed to the rest of the system for further processing and display. Over 70 programs have been written to support activities on the airplane. Programs exist to aid the instrumentation engineer in preparing the system for flight and to minimize the amount of paper which must be dealt with. Additional programs are used by the analysis engineer to evaluate the aircraft performance in real time. These programs cover the tests from takeoff through cruise testing and aircraft maneuvers to landing. They are used to analyze everything from brake performance to fuel consumption. Using these programs has reduced the amount of data reduction done on the ground and in many cases eliminated it completely.

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Nocetti, Demetrio Fabian Garcia. "Parallel processing in digital flight control." Thesis, Bangor University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278518.

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Lloyd, Joseph W. Jr. "POST-FLIGHT DATA DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608898.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1993 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
Desktop Processors (IBM PC, PC-compatible, and Macintosh) have made a major impact on how the Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division (NAWCAD}, Patuxent River engineering community performs their work in aircraft weapons tests. The personal processors are utilized by the flight-test engineers not only for report preparation, but also for post-flight Engineering Unit (EU) data reduction and analysis. Present day requirements direct a need for improved post-flight data handling than those of the past. These requirements are driven by the need to analyze all the vehicle's parameters prior to the succeeding test flight, and to generate test reports in a more cost effective and timely manner. This paper defines the post-flight data distribution system at NAWCAD, Patuxent River, explains how these tasks were handled in the past, and the development of a real-time data storage designed approach for post-flight data handling. This engineering design is then described explaining how it sets the precedence for NAWCAD, Patuxent River's future plans; and how it provides the flight-test engineer with the test vehicle's EU data immediately available post-flight at his desktop processor.

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Hou, Zhicheng. "Modeling and formation controller design for multi-quadrotor systems with leader-follower configuration." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2259/document.

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Cette thèse propose des solutions aux problématiques inhérentes au contrôle de formations aériennes de type leader-suiveur pour des flottes de quadrirotors. Au regard des travaux existants, les stratégies qui sont proposés dans notre travail, considère que le(s) leader{s) a une interaction avec les suiveurs. En outre, les rôles de leader et de suiveur sont interchangeables lors de la formation. Dans un premier temps, la modélisation mathématique d'un seul quadrirotor et celle de la formation de quadrirotors est développée. Ensuite, le problème de suivi de trajectoire pour un seul quadrirotor est étudié. Au travers de l'analyse de 1, dynamique du système pour la conception d'une commande par platitude, il apparait que le suivi de trajectoire pour chaque quadrirotor équivaut à déterminer les sorties plates désirées. Un contrôleur pour système plats permettant l'asservissement des drones pour le suivi de trajectoire est donc proposé. Étant donné la propriété de double-boucle de la dynamique du quadrirotor en boucle fermée, un contrôleur d'attitude avec des grands gains est conçu, selon la théorie « singular perturbation system ». Puisque la dynamique du quadrirotor en boucle fermée fonctionne sur deux échelles de temps, la dynamique de rotation (boundary-layer mode) est contrôlée sur l'échelle de temps la plus rapide. La conception du contrôleur de formation dépend seulement de la dynamique de translation (modèle réduit dans une échelle de temps lente). Ce résultat a simplifié la conception du contrôleur de formation, de telle sorte que le modèle réduit du quadrirotor est utilisé au lieu du modèle complet. Étant donné que le modèle réduit du quadrirotor a une caractéristique de double-intégrateur, un algorithme de consensus pour des systèmes caractérisés par de multiple double-intégrateurs est proposé. Pour traiter le problème de la formation leader-suiveur, une matrice d'interaction est initialement proposée basée sur la matrice de Laplacienne. Nous montrons que la condition de convergence et la vitesse de convergence de l'erreur de formation dépendent de la plus petite valeur propre de la matrice d'interaction. Trois stratégies de contrôle de la formation avec une topologie fixe sont ensuite proposées. Le contrôle de formation par platitude est proposé pour obtenir une formation agressive, tandis que les dérivées de grands ordres de la trajectoire désirée pour chaque UAV sont estimées en utilisant un observateur; la méthode Lyapunov redesign est implémentée pour traiter les non-linéarités de la dynamique de la translation des quadrotors; une loi de commande bornée par l'utilisation, entre autre, de la fonction tangente hyperbolique est développée avec un feedback composite non linéaire, afin d'améliorer les performances de la formation. De plus, une commande de commutation saturée de la formation est étudiée, car la topologie de la formation est variable. La stabilité du système est obtenue grâce aux théories “convex hull » et « common Lyapunov function ». Cette stratégie de commande de commutation permet le changement des leaders dans la formation. Inspirée par certains travaux existants, tels que le contrôle de la formation avec des voisins anonymes, nous proposons, finalement, une loi de commande avec des voisins pondérés, qui montre une meilleure robustesse que le contrôle avec des voisins anonymes. Les résultats de simulation obtenus avec Matlab illustrent premièrement nos stratégies de contrôle que nous proposons De plus, en utilisant le langage de programmation C ++, nos stratégies sont mises en œuvre dans un framework de simulation et d'expérimentation développé au laboratoire Heudiasyc. Grâce aux nombreux tests variés que nous avons réalisés en simulation et en temps-réel, l'efficacité et les avantages de nos stratégies de contrôle de la formation proposées sont présentés
In this thesis, we address a leader-follower (L-F) formation control problem for multiple UAVs, especially quadrotors. Different from existing works, the strategies, which are proposed in our work, consider that the leader(s) have interaction with the followers. Additionally, the leader(s) are changeable during the formation. First, the mathematical modeling of a single quadrotor and of the formation of quadrotors is developed. The trajectory tracking problem for a single quadrotor is investigated. Through the analysis of the flatness of the quadrotor dynamical model, the desired trajectory for each quadrotor is transferred to the design of the desired at outputs. A flatness-based trajectory tracking controller is, then, proposed. Considering the double-loop property of the closed-loop quadrotor dynamics, a high-gain attitude controller is designed, according to the singular perturbation system theory. Since the closed-loop quadrotor dynamics performs in two time scales, the rotational dynamics (boundary-layer model) is controlled in a fast time scale. The formation controller design is then only considered for the translational dynamics: reduced model in a slow time scale. This result has simplified the formation controller design such that the reduced model of the quadrotor is considered instead of the complete model. Since the reduced model of the quadrotor has a double-integrator characteristic, consensus algorithm for multiple double-integrator systems is proposed. Dealing with the leader-follower formation problem, an interaction matrix is originally proposed based on the Laplacian matrix. We prove that the convergence condition and convergence speed of the formation error are in terms of the smallest eigenvalue of the interaction matrix. Three formation control strategies with fixed formation topology are then proposed. The flatness-based formation control is proposed to deal with the aggressive formation problem, while the high-order derivatives of the desired trajectory for each UAV are estimated by using an observer; the Lyapunov redesign is developed to deal with the nonlinearities of the translational dynamics of the quadrotors; the hyperbolic tangent-based bounded control with composite nonlinear feedback is developed in order to improve the performance of the formation. In an additional way, a saturated switching control of the formation is investigated, where the formation topology is switching. The stability of the system is obtained by introducing the convex hull theory and the common Lyapunov function. This switching control strategy permits the change of the leaders in the formation. Inspired by some existing works, such as the anonymous neighbor-based formation control, we finally propose a weighted neighbor-based control, which shows better robustness than the anonymous neighbor-based control. Simulation results using Matlab primarily illustrate our proposed formation control strategies. Furthermore, using C++ programming, our strategies are implemented on the simulator-experiment framework, developed at Heudiasyc laboratory. Through a variety of tests on the simulator and real-time experiments, the efficiency and the advantages of our proposed formation control strategies are shown. Finally, a vision-based inter-distance detection system is developed. This system is composed by an on-board camera, infrared LEDs and an infrared filter. The idea is to detect the UAVs and calculate the inter-distance by calculating the area of the special LEDs patterns. This algorithm is validated on a PC, with a webcam and primarily implemented on a real quadrotor

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Scardillo, Mike, and Mike Nisel. "Divide and Conquer: Improving Post-Flight Data Processing." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608595.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 17-20, 1994 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California
This paper describes Dryden Flight Research Center's (DFRC's) transition from a mainframe-oriented post-flight data processing system, heavily dependent upon manual operation and scheduling, to a modern, distributed, highly automated system. After developing requirements and a concept development plan, DFRC replaced one multiple-CPU mainframe with five specialized servers, distributing the processing workload and separating functions. Access to flight data was improved by buying and building client server automated retrieval software that takes advantage of the local area network, and by providing over 500 gigabytes of on-line archival storage space. Engineering customers see improved access times and continuous availability (7-days per week, 24-hours per day) of flight research data. A significant reduction in computer operator workload was achieved, and minimal computer operator intervention is now required for flight data retrieval operations. This new post-flight system architecture was designed and built to provide flexibility, extensibility and cost-effective upgradeability. Almost two years of successful operation have proven the viability of the system. Future improvements will focus on decreasing the elapsed time between raw data capture and engineering unit data archival, increasing the on-line archival storage capacity, and decreasing the automated data retrieval response time.

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Mugtussids, Iossif B. "Flight Data Processing Techniques to Identify Unusual Events." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28095.

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Modern aircraft are capable of recording hundreds of parameters during flight. This fact not only facilitates the investigation of an accident or a serious incident, but also provides the opportunity to use the recorded data to predict future aircraft behavior. It is believed that, by analyzing the recorded data, one can identify precursors to hazardous behavior and develop procedures to mitigate the problems before they actually occur. Because of the enormous amount of data collected during each flight, it becomes necessary to identify the segments of data that contain useful information. The objective is to distinguish between typical data points, that are present in the majority of flights, and unusual data points that can be only found in a few flights. The distinction between typical and unusual data points is achieved by using classification procedures. In this dissertation, the application of classification procedures to flight data is investigated. It is proposed to use a Bayesian classifier that tries to identify the flight from which a particular data point came. If the flight from which the data point came is identified with a high level of confidence, then the conclusion that the data point is unusual within the investigated flights can be made. The Bayesian classifier uses the overall and conditional probability density functions together with a priori probabilities to make a decision. Estimating probability density functions is a difficult task in multiple dimensions. Because many of the recorded signals (features) are redundant or highly correlated or are very similar in every flight, feature selection techniques are applied to identify those signals that contain the most discriminatory power. In the limited amount of data available to this research, twenty five features were identified as the set exhibiting the best discriminatory power. Additionally, the number of signals is reduced by applying feature generation techniques to similar signals. To make the approach applicable in practice, when many flights are considered, a very efficient and fast sequential data clustering algorithm is proposed. The order in which the samples are presented to the algorithm is fixed according to the probability density function value. Accuracy and reduction level are controlled using two scalar parameters: a distance threshold value and a maximum compactness factor.
Ph. D.

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Books on the topic "Flight control – Data processing"

1

Harman, William David. Robust flight control: A distributed real-time simulation investigation. [Downsview, Ont.]: University of Toronto, Institute for Aerospace Studies, 2002.

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Goddard Space Flight Center. Spacelab Data Processing Facility: Users' guide. Greenbelt, Md: Goddard Space Flight Center, 1985.

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Goddard Space Flight Center. Spacelab Data Processing Facility: Users' guide. Greenbelt, Md: Goddard Space Flight Center, 1985.

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Donald, McLean. Automatic flight control systems. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1990.

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Maine, Richard E. Identification of dynamic systems - applications to aircraft. Neuilly sur Seine, France: AGARD, 1986.

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P, Saratchandran, and Li Yan 1972-, eds. Fully tuned radial basis function neural networks for flight control. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2002.

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Office, General Accounting. Air traffic control: Weak computer security practices jeopardize flight safety : report to the Committee on Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, DC 20013): The Office, 1998.

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Deshpande, Pradeep B. Computer process control, with advanced control applications. 2nd ed. Research Triangle Park, N.C: Instrument Society of America, 1988.

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Continuous control techniques for distributed control systems. Research Triangle Park, NC: Instrument Society of America, 1989.

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Héctor, Benítez-Pérez, ed. Reconfigurable distributed control. London: Springer, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flight control – Data processing"

1

Willmott, S. C. "Design of A Flight and Radar Data Processing System for the Support of Air Traffic Control." In Software Engineering for Large Software Systems, 122–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0771-3_5.

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Yang, Tingwu. "Telemetry Data Processing and Analysis." In Telemetry Theory and Methods in Flight Test, 275–351. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4737-3_6.

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Rosato, Donald V., and Dominick V. Rosato. "Testing/Quality Control." In Plastics Processing Data Handbook, 326–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9658-4_10.

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Soares, Fola, John Burken, and Tshilidzi Marwala. "Neural Network Applications in Advanced Aircraft Flight Control System, a Hybrid System, a Flight Test Demonstration." In Neural Information Processing, 684–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11893295_75.

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Feuer, Arie, and Graham C. Goodwin. "Sampled Data Control." In Sampling in Digital Signal Processing and Control, 343–95. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2460-0_9.

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Cheng, Yixin, Tianyi Shao, Rui Zhang, and Bin Xu. "Composite Learning Control of Hypersonic Flight Dynamics Without Back-Stepping." In Neural Information Processing, 212–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70136-3_23.

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Palz, Wolfgang, and Jürgen Greif. "Quality control and data processing." In European Solar Radiation Atlas, 5–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80237-9_5.

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Keviczky, László, Ruth Bars, Jenő Hetthéssy, and Csilla Bányász. "Sampled Data Control Systems." In Advanced Textbooks in Control and Signal Processing, 351–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8297-9_11.

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Mu, Xu, Jingping Shi, and Xiang Gao. "Design of Flight Control System Based on Data Drive." In The 2021 International Conference on Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics for IoT Security and Privacy, 190–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89511-2_23.

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Zhang, Lei, Yangwang Fang, and Xiang Gao. "Formation Flight of Multi-agent Based on Formation Feedback Control." In Intelligent Science and Intelligent Data Engineering, 263–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36669-7_33.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flight control – Data processing"

1

Anderson, L., and J. Vincent. "Application of system identification to aircraft flight test data processing." In 1985 24th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. IEEE, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.1985.268918.

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Akmeliwati, R., and I. Mareels. "Passivity-based control for flight control systems." In 1999 Information, Decision and Control. Data and Information Fusion Symposium, Signal Processing and Communications Symposium and Decision and Control Symposium. Proceedings (Cat. No.99EX251). IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idc.1999.754119.

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Wang, Shicheng, Ling Wang, Hongxi Xue, and Baohong Hou. "Research on Fitting Method of Defect Data for Flight Data in Helicopter." In 2022 4th International Conference on Intelligent Control, Measurement and Signal Processing (ICMSP). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmsp55950.2022.9859191.

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Qin, Guojie, Guoman Liu, Hui Feng, and Butugeqi. "Design and implementation of a solid-state flight data recorder using multichannel technique." In 2013 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Control and Information Processing (ICICIP 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicip.2013.6568168.

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Ferrara, Davide, Giovanni Jacazio, Andrea Mornacchi, and Massimo Sorli. "Robust Mechatronic Actuation System for UAV Primary Flight Controls." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85339.

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The paper describes the initial results of a research activity aimed at developing a high integrity mechatronic system for UAVs primary flight controls able to ensure the necessary flight safety and to enhance the system availability by implementing appropriate prognostic functions. In this system a flight control surface is driven by two parallel rollerscrews, on their turn driven by brushless motors equipped with gearhead and clutch; the motors electric drives are controlled by dual redundant electronic units performing closed loop position control as a function of the commands received from the flight control computer. Provisions are taken in the motor drives to provide damping in the event of simultaneous failure of both actuators. The electronic units perform control, diagnosis and prognosis of the actuation system and mutually exchange data via a cross channel data link. System prognosis is made by dedicated algorithms processing the control and feedback signals obtained in flight and during preflight checks. As a whole, a smart mechatronic system is obtained providing high integrity control of an aerodynamic surface with dual mechanical link, dual power source and quadruplex control, similarly to a fly-by-wire hydraulic flight control. The paper first addresses the critical design issues associated with the electromechanical actuation of flight control surfaces, briefly reviews alternative solutions proposed for jam-tolerant electromechanical actuators, then outlines configuration, characteristics and performance of the mechatronic actuation system, and presents a summary of its behaviour under normal, degraded, fault developing and failure conditions.

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Mongrard, O., F. Ankersen, P. Casiez, B. Cavrois, A. Donnard, A. Vergnol, and U. Southivong. "LIRIS flight database and its use toward noncooperative rendezvous." In Progress in Flight Dynamics, Guidance, Navigation, and Control – Volume 10, edited by C. Vallet, D. Choukroun, C. Philippe, A. Nebylov, and M. Ganet. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/eucass/201810021.

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ESA’s fifth and last Automated Transfer Vehicle, ATV Georges Lemaître, tested new rendezvous technology before docking with the International Space Station (ISS) in August 2014. The technology demonstration called Laser Infrared Imaging Sensors (LIRIS) provides an unseen view of the ISS. During Georges Lemaître’s rendezvous, LIRIS sensors, composed of two infrared cameras, one visible camera, and a scanning LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), were turned on two and a half hours and 3500 m from the Space Station. All sensors worked as expected and a large amount of data was recorded and stored within ATV-5’s cargo hold before being returned to Earth with the Soyuz flight 38S in September 2014. As a part of the LIRIS postflight activities, the information gathered by all sensors is collected inside a flight database together with the reference ATV trajectory and attitude estimated by ATV main navigation sensors. Although decoupled from the ATV main computer, the LIRIS data were carefully synchronized with ATV guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) data. Hence, the LIRIS database can be used to assess the performance of various image processing algorithms to provide range and line-of-sight (LoS) navigation at long/medium range but also 6 degree-of-freedom (DoF) navigation at short range. The database also contains information related to the overall ATV position with respect to Earth and the Sun direction within ATV frame such that the effect of the environment on the sensors can also be investigated. This paper introduces the structure of the LIRIS database and provides some example of applications to increase the technology readiness level of noncooperative rendezvous.

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Smith, Brendan, Stuart Buckingham, Daniel Touzel, Abigail Corbett, and Charles Tavner. "Development of Methods for Top-Down Methane Emission Measurements of Oil and Gas Facilities in an Offshore Environment Using a Miniature Methane Spectrometer and Long-Endurance UAS." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206181-ms.

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Abstract With atmospheric methane concentrations rising, spurring increased social concern, there is a renewed focus in the oil and gas industry on methane emission monitoring and control. In 2019, a methane emission survey at a bp asset west of Shetland was conducted using a closed-cavity methane spectrometer mounted onboard a long-endurance fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). This flight represents the first methane emissions survey of an offshore facility with a miniature methane spectrometer onboard a UAV with subsequent flights performed. The campaign entailed gathering high-density methane concentration data in a cylindrical flight pattern that circumnavigated the facility in close proximity. A small laser spectrometer was modified from an open-cavity system to a closed-cavity onboard the aircraft and yielded in-flight detection limits (3s) of 1065ppb methane above background for the 2019/2020 sensor version and 150ppb for the 2021 sensor versions. Through simulation, the sensors minimum detection limits in mass flow rate were determined to be 50 kg/h for the 2019/2020 campaign and 2.5kg/h for the 2021 campaigns; translating to an obtainable measurement for 23% and 82% of assets reporting higher than 1 kg/h according to the 2019 EEMS dataset, respectively. To operationalize the approach, a simulation tool for flight planning was developed utilizing a gaussian plume model and a scaled coefficient of variation to invoke expected methane concentration fluctuations at short time intervals. The simulation is additionally used for creation of synthetic datasets to test and validate algorithm development. Two methods were developed to calculate offshore facility level emission rates from the geolocated methane concentration data acquired during the emission surveys. Furthermore, a gaussian plume simulator was developed to predict plume behavior and aid in error analysis. These methods are under evaluation, but all allow for the rapid processing (<24h) of results upon landing the aircraft. Additional flights were conducted in 2020 and 2021 with bp and several UK North Sea Operators through Net Zero Technology Centre (NZTC) funded project, resulting in a total of 18 methane emission survey flights to 11 offshore assets between 2019 and 2021. The 2019 flight, and subsequent 2020/21 flights, demonstrated the potential of the technology to derive facility level emission rates to verify industry emission performance and data.

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Zhang, T., D. T. Gawne, and Y. Bao. "Degradation of In-Flight PMMA Particles During Thermal Spraying." In ITSC 1998, edited by Christian Coddet. ASM International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1998p0517.

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Abstract Kinetic and heat transfer analysis have been undertaken in order to predict the decomposition of polymer feedstock particles during thermal spraying. Thermogravimetric measurements indicated that the decomposition of PMMA had an order of reaction of unity and an activation energy of 135 kJ mol-1. The polymer decomposition temperature is shown to be a function of the particle residence time in the flame and is much higher than in conventional polymer processing. This has an important influence on process modelling, since the choice of decomposition temperature used in the heat transfer analysis has a major effect on the calculated temperature profiles. The work shows that realistic predictive data can only be obtained by using the dynamic decomposition temperature. Application of the model indicates that only the surface layers of the polymer feedstock particles undergo significant decomposition during plasma spraying and that the feedstock injection position is an important control parameter.

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9

Larson, Charles R., Eric Falangas, Melvin Weiss, Ratnakar R. Neurgoankar, Jeffrey G. Nelson, Joseph S. Rosenthal, Demetrious G. Zaferis, and Stephen F. McGrath. "Piezoceramic Active Vibration Suppression System B-1B Flight Demonstration." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0949.

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Abstract Piezoceramic actuators have been utilized in many laboratory tests to provide a means of actively damping structural vibration; but have not, up till now, been applied to a high performance operational aircraft. This paper describes a program which applied a set of actuators (PZTs) to a skin panel on the aft fuselage of the B-1B aircraft. This panel is exposed to very high acoustic excitation during takeoff and to significant oscillating pressures during high speed-low altitude flight. The overall objective of this program was to demonstrate that an active vibration suppression system could reduce the vibration levels of a thick sharply-curved aircraft skin panel with PZT actuators attached only on the inner surface. This goals had to be achieved in a moderate temperature environment, with a digital processing rate of over 8000 Hz, at a low voltage, and with two relatively small hardware packages. Secondary goals included obtaining information on the durability, reliability, weight, and cost of the system. This latter information will be used to determine if the fatigue life of an aircraft type structure can be improved at a reasonable cost which is competitive with a structural beef up. The program was piggy backed on an ongoing B-1B flight test program. This allowed an actual flight test demonstration to be performed with out the costs associated with flight test support and a stand alone instrumentation system. The program was performed in three stages. The first stage included laboratory tests: 1. to determine the PZT characteristics and epoxies that will give the maximum structural response under the severe aircraft environments 2. to develop a micro-processor design that was capable of processing the control equations in a 120 microsecond time period 3. to design, build and test a structural equivalent B-1B fuselage panel with the PZT patch actuators and associated control system 4. to develop and test the hardware packages to be used for the flight tests The second stage of the program included designing, fabricating, assembly and installing all of the equipment in the aircraft for the active vibration suppression system. This included the actuator patches on the skin panels, the installation of the power source and digital computer on the aircraft and all of the electrical wiring. The wiring supplied power to the system, connected the various parts of the system and interfaced with the aircraft test instrumentation system to get the required accelerometer feed back signals. The third stage of the program was the actual flight test of the system on the aircraft during takeoff and significant flight conditions. Vibration data collected on the aircraft was reduced and analyzed to show the panel response with and without the system operating. The system was successful in reducing the fundamental panel vibration as much as 79% for the takeoff condition and about 46% for flight conditions. The paper presents a discussion of each stage of the development of the system and the active vibration suppression system performance.

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Zaluski, Marvin, Sylvain Le´tourneau, Jeff Bird, and Chunsheng Yang. "Developing Data Mining-Based Prognostic Models for CF-18 Aircraft." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22944.

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The CF-18 aircraft is a complex system for which a variety of data are systematically being recorded: operational flight data from sensors and Built-In Test Equipment (BITE) and maintenance activities recorded by personnel. These data resources are stored and used within the operating organization but new analytical and statistical techniques and tools are being developed that could be applied to these data to benefit the organization. This paper investigates the utility of readily available CF-18 data to develop data mining-based models for prognostics and health management (PHM) systems. We introduce a generic data mining methodology developed to build prognostic models from operational and maintenance data and elaborate on challenges specific to the use of CF-18 data from the Canadian Forces. We focus on a number of key data mining tasks including: data gathering, information fusion, data pre-processing, model building, and evaluation. The solutions developed to address these tasks are described. A software tool developed to automate the model development process is also presented. Finally, the paper discusses preliminary results on the creation of models to predict F404 No. 4 Bearing and MFC (Main Fuel Control) failures on the CF-18.

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Reports on the topic "Flight control – Data processing"

1

Dogruel, David, and William Kirk Hollis. LANL Hydrogen Processing Laboratory (HPL), Data acquisition and control system upgrade. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1244320.

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Beer, Randall D. Neural Networks for Real-Time Sensory Data Processing and Sensorimotor Control. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada251567.

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Beer, Randall D. Neural Networks for Real-Time Sensory Data Processing and Sensorimotor Control. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada259120.

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Levitan, Herbert. Microcomputer-Based Data Acquisition, Analysis and Control of Information Processing by Neural Networks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada177170.

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Cumblidge, Stephen E., Anthony D. Cinson, and Michael T. Anderson. Evaluation of Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Diffraction Data for Selected Control Rod Drive Nozzles from Davis Besse Nuclear Power Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1023123.

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Volkova, Nataliia P., Nina O. Rizun, and Maryna V. Nehrey. Data science: opportunities to transform education. [б. в.], September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3241.

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The article concerns the issue of data science tools implementation, including the text mining and natural language processing algorithms for increasing the value of high education for development modern and technologically flexible society. Data science is the field of study that involves tools, algorithms, and knowledge of math and statistics to discover knowledge from the raw data. Data science is developing fast and penetrating all spheres of life. More people understand the importance of the science of data and the need for implementation in everyday life. Data science is used in business for business analytics and production, in sales for offerings and, for sales forecasting, in marketing for customizing customers, and recommendations on purchasing, digital marketing, in banking and insurance for risk assessment, fraud detection, scoring, and in medicine for disease forecasting, process automation and patient health monitoring, in tourism in the field of price analysis, flight safety, opinion mining etc. However, data science applications in education have been relatively limited, and many opportunities for advancing the fields still unexplored.

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Hall, Candice, and Robert Jensen. Utilizing data from the NOAA National Data Buoy Center. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40059.

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This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) guides users through the quality control (QC) and processing steps that are necessary when using archived U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) wave and meteorological data. This CHETN summarizes methodologies to geographically clean and QC NDBC measurement data for use by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) user community.

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Cook, Samantha, Marissa Torres, Nathan Lamie, Lee Perren, Scott Slone, and Bonnie Jones. Automated ground-penetrating-radar post-processing software in R programming. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45621.

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Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a nondestructive geophysical technique used to create images of the subsurface. A major limitation of GPR is that a subject matter expert (SME) needs to post-process and interpret the data, limiting the technique’s use. Post-processing is time-intensive and, for detailed processing, requires proprietary software. The goal of this study is to develop automated GPR post-processing software, compatible with Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI) data, in open-source R programming. This would eliminate the need for an SME to process GPR data, remove proprietary software dependencies, and render GPR more accessible. This study collected GPR profiles by using a GSSI SIR4000 control unit, a 100 MHz antenna, and a Trimble GPS. A standardized method for post-processing data was then established, which includes static data removal, time-zero correction, distance normalization, data filtering, and stacking. These steps were scripted and automated in R programming, excluding data filtering, which was used from an existing package, RGPR. The study compared profiles processed using GSSI software to profiles processed using the R script developed here to ensure comparable functionality and output. While an SME is currently still necessary for interpretations, this script eliminates the need for one to post-process GSSI GPR data.

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Bhatt, Parth, Curtis Edson, and Ann MacLean. Image Processing in Dense Forest Areas using Unmanned Aerial System (UAS). Michigan Technological University, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.michigantech-p/16366.

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Imagery collected via Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) platforms has become popular in recent years due to improvements in a Digital Single-Lens Reflex (DSLR) camera (centimeter and sub-centimeter), lower operation costs as compared to human piloted aircraft, and the ability to collect data over areas with limited ground access. Many different application (e.g., forestry, agriculture, geology, archaeology) are already using and utilizing the advantages of UAS data. Although, there are numerous UAS image processing workflows, for each application the approach can be different. In this study, we developed a processing workflow of UAS imagery collected in a dense forest (e.g., coniferous/deciduous forest and contiguous wetlands) area allowing users to process large datasets with acceptable mosaicking and georeferencing errors. Imagery was acquired with near-infrared (NIR) and red, green, blue (RGB) cameras with no ground control points. Image quality of two different UAS collection platforms were observed. Agisoft Metashape, a photogrammetric suite, which uses SfM (Structure from Motion) techniques, was used to process the imagery. The results showed that an UAS having a consumer grade Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) onboard had better image alignment than an UAS with lower quality GNSS.

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Palmer, Guy, Varda Shkap, Wendy Brown, and Thea Molad. Control of bovine anaplasmosis: cytokine enhancement of vaccine efficacy. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695879.bard.

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Anaplasmosis an arthropod-born disease of cattle caused by the rickettsia Anaplasma marginale and is an impediment to efficient production of healthy livestock in both Israel and the United States. Currently the only effective vaccines are derived from the blood of infected cattle. The risk of widespread transmission of both known and newly emergent pathogens has prevented licensure of live blood-based vaccines in the U.S. and is a major concern for their continued use in Israel. Consequently development of a safe, effective vaccine is a high priority. In this collaborative project we focused on two approaches to vaccine development. The first focused o n improving antigen delivery to livestock and specifically examined how DNA vaccines could be improved to enhance priming and expansion of the immune response. This research resulted in development and testing of two novel vaccine delivery systems--one that targeted antigen spread among dendritic cells (the key cell in priming immune responses and a follow-on construct that also specifically targeted antigen to the endosomal-lysosomal compartment the processing organelle within the dendritic cell that directs vaccine antigen to the MHC class ll-CD4* T cell priming pathway). The optimized construct targeting vaccine antigen to the dendritic cell MHC class II pathway was tested for ability to prime A. marginale specific immune responses in outbred cattle. The results demonstrated both statistically significant effects of priming with a single immunization, continued expansion of the primary immune response including development of high affinity lgG antibodies and rapid recall of the memory response following antigen challenge. This portion of the study represented a significant advance in vaccine delivery for livestock. Importantly the impact of these studies is not limited to A. marginale a s the targeting motifs are optimized for cattle and can be adapted to other cattle vaccinations by inserting a relevant pathogen-specific antigen. The second approach (which represented an addition to the project for which approval was requested as part of the first annual report) was a comparative approach between A . marginale and the Israel A . centrale vaccines train. This addition was requested as studies on Major Surface Protein( MSP)- 2 have shown that this antigen is highly antigenically variable and presented solely as a "static vaccine" antigen does not give cross-strain immunity. In contrast A. . centrale is an effective vaccine which Kimron Veterinary institute has used in the field in Israel for over 50 years. Taking advantage of this expertise, a broad comparison of wild type A. marginale and vaccine strain was initiated. These studies revealed three primary findings: i) use of the vaccine is associated with superinfection, but absence of clinical disease upon superinfection with A. marginale; ii) the A. centrale vaccine strain is not only less virulent but transmission in competent in Dermacentor spp. ticks; and iii) some but not all MSPs are conserved in basic orthologous structure but there are significant polymorphisms among the strains. These studies clearly indicated that there are statistically significant differences in biology (virulence and transmission) and provide a clear path for mapping of biology with the genomes. Based on these findings, we initiated complete genome sequencing of the Israel vaccine strain (although not currently funded by BARD) and plant to proceed with a comparative genomics approach using already sequenced wild-type A. marginale. These findings and ongoing collaborative research tie together filed vaccine experience with new genomic data, providing a new approach to vaccine development against a complex pathogen.

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