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1
Franěk, Lukáš. "Flight Management System Model." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219075.
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Diplomová práce shrnuje nejdůležitější informace o letectví, jako například základní používané termíny, popis letových fází apod. V této práci je popsán flight management system, jeho funkce a schopnosti vytvořit cenově příznivý a současně absolutně spolehlivý letový plán. V další části práce je nastíněna důležitost předpovědi počasí pro bezpečnou a současně cenově příznivou leteckou dopravu. Tato práce je vytvořena v programu Matlab a všechny bloky jsou naprogramovány jako m-funkce. Důležité části kódu jsou z důvodu názornosti zobrazeny jako vývojové diagramy. Praktická část práce je rozdělena do několika podkapitol, kde každá podkapitola popisuje jeden blok z blokového schématu pro výpočet nejistoty odhadované doby příletu. Současně je zde vysvětlena funkce ostatních bloků pro plánování letu, předpověď počasí, kombinování větrů a výpočet odhadnuté doby příletu a její nejistoty.
2
Ricks, Wendell R. "Knowledge-Based System for Flight Information Management." W&M ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625650.
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Bertrand, Allison R., Michael S. Moore, and Ben A. Abbott. "System Management in Network-Based Telemetry Systems." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606174.
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ITC/USA 2008 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fourth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 27-30, 2008 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaNetwork-based telemetry systems are increasingly being used to improve the flexibility and longevity of flight test systems. Modern network-based flight test systems utilize large numbers of devices including high-speed network switches, data acquisition devices, recorders, and telemetry interfaces, all of which must be managed in a coordinated fashion. The move to network-based testing provides the ability to build a standards-based System Management interface which can status and control a diverse set of devices. The benefits include the ability to easily tailor System Management tools to support many different styles of user interactions and to quickly integrate new types of devices. While the new capabilities presented by System Management are exciting, the very openness of the system presents challenges to ensure that future growth will be seamlessly supported. This paper will discuss issues encountered while implementing flight test System Management tools for a network-based telemetry system.
4
Noonan, Patrick J., Austin J. Whittington, Hakima Ibaroudene, and Myron L. Moodie. "RAPIDLY RECONFIGURABLE SYSTEM MANAGEMENT." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627018.
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The growth of network and distributed technologies in flight test instrumentation (FTI) has provided the benefits of flexibility, scalability, and compatibility with prevalent computing capabilities. However, to achieve these capabilities, the complexity of each piece of FTI and the overall system has increased dramatically. Even with systems composed of equipment from a single vendor, it is important to have management systems that provide the flexibility to adapt quickly to various system configurations and present unified information to the flight test users. The growth of network technologies and then standardized approaches such as iNET standards becoming accepted IRIG 106 standards is leading to the growth of multi-vendor systems. These multi-vendor systems further increase the need for rapidly reconfigurable management systems. This paper describes a constraints engine we have developed to enable flexible system management systems and reflects on how these techniques have been used successfully in the iNET System Manager.
5
Crenwelge, Robert, Brian Conway, and Kevin Dillon. "ENTERPRISE FLIGHT DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EFDMS) AND STORAGE INFRASTRUCTURE TECHNOLOGY DISCUSSION." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607565.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThis paper presents efforts in developing a data management system and storage infrastructure for assisting test engineers in achieving information superiority and maintaining vital up-to-date information. The focus of this Paper is to generate support for a technology refresh, upgrading the major data centers that share in the responsibility of processing telemetry information. We illustrate how our efforts fit into this goal and provide an overview of our concept for a revolutionary transformation in data management systems. We present the significance of this new technology and suggest a path to implementing the solution.
6
Lammers, Zachary A. "Thermal Management of Electromechanical Actuation System for Aircraft Primary Flight Control Surfaces." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1399021324.
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MacInnis, Daniel V. 1964. "Development of a system dynamics based management flight simulator for new product development." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34732.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-153).
All firms in any mature product development industry are being pressured into performing 'better, faster, and cheaper' by both customers and competitors. In short, firms are being tasked with doing more, with less, faster. This leads to product development organizations being unrealistically tasked to deliver on these programs that often lead to projects falling behind schedule, over budget, and with inadequate quality. While striving to do the right actions to survive, the management of these firms may be leading their firms to disaster through over commitment, and short-term management actions to address the quality, budget, and schedule shortfalls. An understanding of the system dynamics associated with the program management of new product development (NPD) programs is essential to reversing this trend. Several corporations are instituting system dynamics in their management and executive training curricula to affect correct policies, procedures, and behaviors that lead to success. However, because the correct policies, procedures, and behaviors as revealed by system dynamics analysis are counter-intuitive and opposite those policies currently employed in program management, a method is needed to drive the learning of system dynamics so that it becomes ingrained in the program management thought processes. A management flight simulator (MFS) of the program management of a new product development project based on system dynamics provides the hands on experience that managers can learn the consequences of non systems-thinking policies on project performance and how system dynamics based policies can lead to greater success. This thesis provides an overview of the system dynamics of project management in new product development and insight into the
(cont.) correct policies, procedures, and behaviors that lead to success. Research on the role of MFSs in driving the learning of system dynamics principles is explored. A single-phase system dynamics model for a new product development program and a MFS is developed to teach the fundamental lessons of system dynamics applied to product development project management and is to be incorporated in the BP Project Academy. Insight from my own experiences in product development is incorporated in this MFS as well as in recommendations for further development.
by Daniel V. MacInnis.
S.M.
8
Lamb, Timothy G. "Future small unmanned aerial system (SUAS) flight and mission control support system (FMCSS) design." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA457224.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Baer, Wolfgang. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 99). Also available in print.
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Pan, Jing. "Development of ground station display and flight management system for low-cost vehicle." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6288.
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Nowadays, with the development of electronic and communication technologies, more and more low-cost vehicles such as small, light-weight aircraft are widely applied in all kinds of fields. Ground Station is an essential part of low cost vehicles for the operator to control and monitor the vehicles.
In this thesis, Ground Station Display and Flight Management System for Low-Cost Vehicles have been developed.The major objective of this project is to design an intuitive and easy operative Human Machine Interface for displaying and monitoring the flight data and traffic information on ground. Meanwhile, a Graphic User Interface for the Flight Management System has been developed for realizing the waypoints input and flight plan for the vehicles.
To fulfill this task, a low-cost hardware and software architecture is presented. Moreover, some COTS tools such as VAPS and MATLAB are applied for the software development because of their Object-Oriented and Rapid Prototype design methods.
At the end of project, simulation has been done for the display HMI to test the behaviours of objects and the impacts of display. The trajectory simulation of flight management control panel is also implemented to test the waypoints creation, trajectory generation and smoothing.
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Moussaddy, Abdel-Rahman. "A thrust controller for the dynamic test bed of the flight management system." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2009. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/71/1/MOUSSADDY_Abdel%2DRahman.pdf.
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Nous presentons dans cette etude le systeme de controle de la poussee d'un avion civil, le
Boeing 747. Le systeme propose, couple a I'autopilote et le systeme de gestion de vol, assure
un control automatique de la poussee avec un minimum d'interaction par le pilote.
Dans le but de minimiser les frais de developpement CMC developpe un banc d'essai pour
leur famille de systemes de gestion de vol (FMS). Ce banc d'essai est utilise comme outil de
test, certification et demonstration. Le but du present projet et de developper le systeme de
controle de la poussee et de I'integrer au banc d'essai, tout en le qualifiant comme outil de
test faisant partie du banc. Afin de pouvoir qualifier le banc d'essai comme outil de tests,
plusieurs etapes rigoureuses doivent etre considerees durant le developpement des
composantes du banc d'essai, dont le controleur de poussee fait parti. Parmi ces etapes nous
retrouvons 1'identification des requis, la proposition du design qui satisfait ces requis, et
finalement les tests de validation du systeme selon les exigences initiales, le tout dans un
environnement controle.
La tache primaire du controleur etant d'assurer une commande de poussee en utilisant la
manette de gaz, il est necessaire que le controleur permette de poursuivre une commande de
poussee et ce, sans depassement ni erreur en regime permanent. Puisque la poussee n'est pas
une entite mesurable directement, nous utilisons un ratio entre la pression a 1'entree et la
pression a la sortie des turbines (Engine Pressure Ratio -EPR-) comme mesure de la force
appliquee. De plus, couple a I'autopilote, le controleur doit pouvoir poursuivre une
commande de vitesse a I'aide du controle de la poussee, et ce sans affecter I'altitude de
r avion. Or, une variation de vitesse entraine necessairement une variation de portance et
done une variation d'altitude. II est done necessaire de coupler le controle de la poussee au
controle de tangage de I'autopilote pour minimiser les variations d'altitudes durant les
variations de poussee. Afin d'assurer une securite accme, les limites de vitesses, de poussee
ainsi que d'acceleration doivent etre respecte. Finalement le controleur doit etre valide sur
I'enveloppe de vol entiere. L'integration du systeme de commande est faite sur le banc de
test dynamique developpe par CMC Electronique et ses partenaires. Cette integration ajoute
done un requis, soit la necessite que le systeme soit compatible avec la plateforme et qu'il
soit developpee en langage C.
Deux architectures de controles sont etudiees. Premierement le systeme est developpe en
utilisant un controleur Proportioimel-Integral-Derivee (PID) classique et validee sur
I'enveloppe de vol entiere. Le controleur utilise deux boucles de controle PID independante,
une pour le controle de la poussee et une pour le controle de la vitesse. La selection entre les
differentes boucles de controle est faite selon le mode d'autopilote choisi. En mode montee
ou descente, comme au decollage, le controleur commande la poussee pour assurer une
variation d'altitude pendant que I'autopilote controle la vitesse en utilisant les elevateurs.
Une fois que I'altitude desiree est atteinte, le controleur de poussee a le mandat de controler
la vitesse tandis que I'autopilote, toujours en utilisant une commande de tangage sur Tangle
des elevateurs, assure le maintien de I'altitude. Durant la transition entre ces deux phases de
vols d'importantes variations de poussee sont observees. Cette variation cause une variation
d'altitude, et une importante acceleration, qui est ensuite armulee par la commande de
tangage. Pour pouvoir assurer une transition douce sans variation d'altitude la commande de
poussee et la commande de tangage sont couplees. Nous proposons une commande de
poussee proportioimelle a la variation d'aUitude pour assurer une transition lisse. Le gain
dans la boucle de controle de vitesse est done proportionnel a la variation d'altitude.
La deuxieme architecture propose un controleur modeme a retour d'etat qui couple vitesse et
tangage. Cette architecture n'utilise pas de boucles independantes et done permet d'assurer
un controle en utilisant les elevateurs et la poussee conjointement pour atteindre une altitude
et vitesse dormee. Cela permet d'eviter les variations d'altitude dues aux variations de vitesse
ainsi que les variations de vitesse dues aux variations d'angle de tangage. Les gains de retour
d'etats sont calcules par placement de vecteurs propres pour assurer la robustesse du systeme.
Un controleur distinct a ete valide pour differentes positions de I'enveloppe de vol et le
systeme de controle selectionne les gains du controleur selon la zone de I'enveloppe de vol
courante.
Plusieurs autres ameliorations ont ete apportees aux deux architectures pour assurer la
protection des limites dynamiques de vitesses et poussees.
L'integration du controleur a retour d'etat, systeme de commande moderne, au banc d'essai
tut impossible du aux limitations de I'autopilote et de la plateforme de developpement. Cette
integration necessite une action directe sur la manette des gaz et sur les elevateurs.
Cependant, une loi de commande des elevateurs inteme est incorporee dans la plateforme et
les elevateurs sont controles via I'angle de tangage seulement. Pour pouvoir acceder
directement a Tangle des elevateurs une modification a la plateforme doit etre effectue ce qui
tombe malheureusement a Texterieur des limites de cette etude. Cependant le controleur
classique fut integre et teste. Pour qualifier le controleur comme outil de test et
developpement integre sur le banc d'essai il a fallu demontrer le respect des exigences et
Tatteinte de la performance desiree. Plusieurs tests ont ete ecrits a cette fin et les resultats ont
ete concluants. Le controleur assure une poursuite de poussee et de vitesse sans depassement
ni erreur en regime permanent. II permet aussi de poursuivre une vitesse sans affecter
I'altitude. Les contraintes de vitesse, de poussee et d'acceleration sont de plus respectees.
Plusieurs ameliorations possibles sont aussi presentees pour ameliorer le respect des limites
de vitesses durant les manoeuvres de poursuite de poussee.
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Bertrand, Allison R., Thomas B. Grace, Ben A. Abbott, and Kase J. Saylor. "Technology Trades for Management of Telemetry Network Systems." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606175.
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ITC/USA 2008 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fourth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 27-30, 2008 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe Integrated Network Enhanced Telemetry (iNET) Project established a standards working group to address the integrated management of telemetry network systems and to ensure interoperability among various pieces of equipment. The group has been studying the benefits and drawbacks of various system management technologies with the goal of identifying a set of management interfaces which will provide long-range benefit to a large and diverse telemetry test system. This paper discusses control, configuration, status, performance, and fault management. It addresses these from several viewpoints such as multi-test articles, multi-ranges, and dynamic test environments.
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Dal, Santo Rita M. (Rita Marie). "Casual factors of increased project risk : a review of four in-flight anomalies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35115.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-64).
Risk management is an essential component any project. Traditional tools of risk management, however, tend to focus solely on the three traditional project elements-cost, schedule, and technical-ignoring the broader environmental issues which also play a part in project success. Without a knowledge and understanding of these additional factors, incident prevention is not possible. The thesis analyzes four in-flight anomalies to identify the underlying environmental factors that contributed to the technical failures. The major themes found from the in-flight anomalies include the importance of a system perspective throughout the life of the project, the criticality of maintaining excellence during routine tasks, and the experimental nature of the projects. Although nothing can guarantee a project success, research indicated the absence of key elements can set a project up for failure. These key elements include environmental awareness, proficient system engineering, engineering curiosity, engineering humility, and hands-on experience. Additionally, a cursory look at human and system behaviors that lead to resistance to change is provided.
(cont.) Best practices and lessons learned from past incidents are provided and recommendations for future projects are suggested. A few of the recommendations are to establish a strong system engineering discipline, to provide hands-on training opportunities, and to improve current risk management practices to include system factors.
by Rita M. Dal Santo.
S.M.
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Yue, Philip. "An airline cabin crew appraisal system with a service quality approach /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1798242X.
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Assad, Albert. "Model of medical supply demand and astronaut health for long-duration human space flight." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47867.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-60).
The medical care of space crews is the primary limiting factor in the achievement of long-duration space missions. (Nicogossian 2003) The goal of this thesis was to develop a model of long-duration human space flight astronaut health and a medical supply demand model in support of such missions. This model will be integrated into an existing comprehensive interplanetary supply chain management and logistics architecture simulation and optimization tool, SpaceNet. The model provides two outputs, Alphah and Mass, for each set of input variables. Alphah is an estimate of crew health and is displayed as a percentage. Mass is a measure of medical consumables expended during the mission and is displayed in kilograms. We have demonstrated that Alphah is a function of three scaling parameters, the type of mission, duration of mission, and gender of crew. The type of mission and gender are linked to radiation fatality data published by NASA and mission duration correlates to predicted incidence of illness and injury and linked to the model through published US Navy submarine crew medical data. The mass of medical consumables (MMC) expended increases with the number of crew, the duration of the mission and the distance of the mission away from the earth. The degree of medical expertise on-board is not necessarily related to a change in consumption of medical supplies but perhaps to a better outcome for the individual infirmed crew member.
(cont.) We have determined that there is no information to incorporate gender into this aspect of the model and that the ages of the crewmembers would also have a negligible effect. Risk was investigated as an additional independent driver in the calculations. This parameter defined as likelihood of a medical event multiplied by impact to the mission, is in line with current NASA planning processes. Although the equations don't currently incorporate this parameter, implementation in subsequent versions of the model would allow for a more granular description of medical supply mass (i.e. laboratory and diagnostic, imaging, medications, surgical supplies, telemedicine and expert systems equipment) needed to support long-duration human operations in space. The framework of SpaceNet does not currently allow for this level of detail but future version of the software would likely develop and integrate this capability.
by Albert Assad.
S.M.
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Hemingway, Daryl R. (Daryl Robert) 1971. "Spacewalk Inc. : a business plan for commercial human space flight training for extravehicular activities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91791.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2003.At head of title: Executive summary. Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 195-196).
by Daryl R. Hemingway.
S.M.
16
Rivers, Timothy C. "Design and integration of a Flight Management System for the unmanned air vehicle FROG." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA357572.
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Thesis (Degree of Aeronautical Engineer) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1998."December 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Isaac I. Kaminer. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89). Also available online.
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Enos, James R. (James Robert). "A new glide path: re-architecting the Flight School XXI Enterprise at the U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59239.
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Thesis (S.M. in System Design and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, June 2010."May 2010." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 141-144).
This thesis utilizes eight Enterprise Architecture views to analyze the U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence's Flight School XXI Enterprise and provides recommendations to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of training aviators. The Enterprise Strategic Analysis and Transformation tool provides a guide for understanding the current state of the enterprise and identifying potential areas for improvement. Surveys of the enterprise stakeholders provided an analysis of the stakeholder values and the current enterprise value delivery. Historical data from the U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence provided the remaining data for the analysis. A System Dynamics model applied the research to understand the dynamics of the AH-64 training process and conducted an analysis of potential courses of action to stabilize the process. By adding weather days to the Program of Instruction and increasing the daily flight window from 3 to 3.5 hours the enterprise can stabilize the training process. The principles of lean thinking provided a guide for the remaining recommended actions to improve the performance of the enterprise. These recommendations included reducing the batch size of students per course, achieving continuous flow by canceling initial course, and achieving customer pull by aligning aviator production to the aviation force structure. The thesis provides the leadership of the U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence with a glide path to transform Flight School XXI into a lean enterprise and achieve the Army's current and future training requirements for aviators.
by James R. Enos.
S.M.in System Design and Management
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Pedro, Fátima Aparecida. "Information system for flight test campaigns: A proposal for a research institution." Universidade de Taubaté, 2014. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=689.
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The development of Information Management Strategy is essential for a given organization. For such business the big challenge is to provide adequate information management to improve its efficiency. Flight test business encompasses the execution of experimental test flight on manned aircraft. For such activity information management is vital for risk assessment. A single test flight could produce a large amount of data, therefore the Management Information System (SIG) becomes complex. A SIG model to be used for flight test business is proposed by this dissertation. The adopted model is proposed to provide an efficient information management for the Experimental Flight Test Campaign Executive Process (PECEV). The research process employs an exploratory case study methodology. Such study was executed into a Science and Technology Institution (ICT) that provides experimental flight test services for aerospace research and development. Such institution belongs to an industrial technology cluster located in the metropolitan region of Vale do Paraiba e Litoral Norte in São Paulo, Brazil. The analysis of the current process used to provide flight test services by such institution, employed a documental analysis with qualitative approach. The proposed SIG model was based on the Plan, Do, Check and Act (PDCA) method. Action items were included for process improvement. Based on the proposed model it is expected that this ICT could implement this SIG to allow effective management of PECEV.O desenvolvimento de uma estratégia de gestão de informações é imprescindível em uma organização. Torna-se um desafio para a organização gerir os recursos de dados, de forma a manter a eficiência de seus serviços. A atividade de ensaios em voo envolve a execução de voos de ensaios em aeronaves tripuladas. A gestão de informações é considerada vital para minimizar os fatores de riscos dessa atividade. Devido ao grande volume de dados proveniente de um único voo de ensaio, os Sistemas de Informações Gerenciais (SIGs) para essa atividade são complexos. Nesta dissertação, é apresentada a proposta de um modelo de SIG para ensaios em voo. O modelo se propõe a apresentar um plano para a gestão das informações do Processo de Execução de Campanhas de Ensaios em Voo (PECEV). A pesquisa apresentada é um estudo de caso, com delineamento exploratório. Foi desenvolvida em uma Instituição de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT) de pesquisa do setor aeroespacial, que realiza atividades de ensaios em voo. Essa instituição é integrante do parque tecnológico e industrial localizado na Região Metropolitana do Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte. Foi elaborada uma análise documental, por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, para a análise do atual processo de ensaios em voo da ICT. O modelo proposto do SIG foi obtido seguindo o modelo preconizado pelo Procedimento de Gestão para Melhoria de Processos (PDCA). Foram propostas ações para aprimorar o atual processo. A partir do modelo proposto, pressupõe-se que, posteriormente, seja implantado na ICT um SIG que possibilite a gestão eficaz do PECEV.
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Robertson, Mike. "Examining the Relationship between Safety Management System Implementation and Safety Culture in Collegiate Flight Schools." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1380.
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Safety Management Systems (SMS) are becoming the industry standard for safety management throughout the aviation industry. As the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) continues to mandate SMS for different segments, the assessment of an organization’s safety culture becomes more important. An SMS can facilitate the development of a strong aviation safety culture. This study describes basic principles and components of an SMS and how safety culture and SMS are integrated. Studies focusing on safety culture assessment were identified for other industries as well as for different areas of the aviation industry. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between an organization’s safety culture and SMS implementation in collegiate flight schools. The research study was designed to determine (a) relationship between SMS implementation and safety culture, (b) the relationship between safety promotion and safety culture, and (c) the relationship between management commitment and safety culture. The study population consisted of 453 individuals at 13 collegiate flight schools. Data were gathered through an online survey to safety officers at collegiate flight schools within the University Aviation Association to determine the level of SMS implementation; and the Collegiate Aviation Program Safety Culture Survey (CAPSCUS) was used to measure the safety culture at those collegiate flight schools. The results indicated that a relationship existed between SMS implementation and safety culture, safety promotion and safety culture, management commitment and safety culture. The relationship for all three was more prominent within the Formal Safety Program major scale of the CAPSCUS. It is recommended that collegiate flight schools examine their existing level of SMS, management commitment, and their safety promotion and assess safety culture within their institution. Future studies should be done to further examine the relationship between SMS implementation and safety culture so that the collegiate flight training environment would have guidance regarding SMS implementation.
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余兆榮 and Philip Yue. "An airline cabin crew appraisal system with a service qualityapproach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31267828.
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Friedenthal, Stephen R. (Stephen Roger). "Developing a risk management "flight simulator" for manned space programs : a user interface to a system dynamic simulation of system safety at NASA." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34630.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, February 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-82).
Simulators are a staple of any engineering project and manned space flight in particular. From pilot and crew training to maintenance and emergency repairs, very little is done without it first being thoroughly practiced and refined during advance simulation. Whether the simulation uses a computerized flight simulator that recreates the physics and experience of flight, or a simple mock-up with paper cutouts and hand tools, the end result is the same: people learn to make. better and safer decisions through advanced simulation and practice. However, there are no simulation tools in use to help NASA managers to understand the dynamics of systemic risk, or how to evaluate the inherent risk within an organization. This thesis describes the development of a risk management simulator that will enable NASA managers to explore the dynamics of risk using an advanced system dynamics simulation of the NASA safety culture prior to the Columbia Shuttle accident. This simulation model was developed by MIT Professor Nancy Leveson and her students as part of a NASA USRA research grant and has over 700 variables and several sub models.
(cont.) While the model is eminently useful to those familiar with system dynamics, the Vensim software application and the specific model structure, it is not very useful as a learning tool for those who are not. The simulator tool developed for this thesis simplifies and consolidates the overall model behavior into 8 decision variables and 35 display variables. Moreover, 18 of those display variables are grouped into one of 5 categories of "leading indicators" of risk. This simulator enables any user to quickly begin to explore the system model and to discover the consequences of different decisions on system risk, without any need for the user to know system dynamics theory or any details of the model design. In a video game the user doesn't know how it is programmed, but is still able to learn the rules of the game, how it behaves and-most importantly-how to win. Similarly, the goal of the risk management flight simulator is to help NASA managers to learn the rules of system risk, how system risk behaves in response to management decisions, and, most importantly, how to make the best informed risk decisions.
y Stephen R. Friedenthal.
S.M.
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Schulze, Jonas [Verfasser], Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Klingauf, and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Hecker. "Architectural Design of a Future Flight Management System Supporting 4D Trajectories / Jonas Schulze ; Uwe Klingauf, Peter Hecker." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1178672662/34.
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Hodgkins, Richard E. "The design and implementation of ZTRAX : a training, readiness and flight hour relational database management tracking system." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23855.
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Switzer, Earl R., and Amy D. Fleishans. "Progress in Global Air Traffic Management (GATM) Avionics System Test at the Air Force Flight Test Center." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606465.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThis paper presents a progress report on Global Air Traffic Management (GATM) avionic system test activities at the Air Force Flight Test Center. In many parts of the world today the continuing growth of commercial air traffic is running up against limits brought on by overuse of aviation resources. Air corridors in Europe and on transoceanic air routes are operating at maximum capacity. Civil Aviation Authorities (CAAs) are working these challenges on two levels—near-term incremental improvements and long-term visionary changes. Each country has a CAA; ours being the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Near-term solutions focus on better utilization of resources such as air space and frequency spectrum and improved performance of air traffic control facilities. Long-term visionary changes, such as free flight, could fundamentally change the current civil aviation business process model. CAA policies and standards are driving near-term improvements and migration toward long-term objectives. This initiative is referred as Communication Navigation Surveillance/Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM). Implementation of the U.S. military’s vision, Global Reach/Global Power, requires the ability to rapidly deploy armed forces to major regional conflicts anywhere in the world, and to sustain these forces for as long as it takes to resolve these conflicts. To achieve this goal and accomplish rapid deployments while at the same time minimizing costs, the Air Force has adopted a solution that makes extensive use of CNS/ATM. The Air Force calls its initiative Global Air Traffic Management (GATM). Air Force aircraft equipped with GATM avionics will be able to use CNS/ATM capabilities such as reduced vertical separation minimum (RVSM), 8.33 kHz data links, automatic dependent surveillance - broadcast (ADS-B), and global communication networks. These capabilities make possible improved flight safety, lower fuel costs, and quicker turn times. The Air Force Flight Test Center supports the GATM initiative by providing Air Traffic Control (ATC) Communications Test Facilities and Avionic System Test (ACTFAST) capabilities to support aircraft modification programs.
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Liu, Shiyong. "Three Essays on Travel Demand Management Strategies for Traffic Congestion Mitigation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30097.
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This dissertation provides three essays. In the first essay, a model with two linguistic variables is built to demonstrate the joint effect of multiple linguistic variables in a dynamic modeling context. Triangular membership function is used to represent the linguistic variables and the joint effect is captured through fuzzy inference method. In this essay, the results obtained by employing fuzzy concepts are compared with the results that one would obtain using generic lookup functions.
The second essay develops a system dynamics model by which policy makers can assess the impact of various travel demand management interventions within a metropolitan area and as a consequence understand the complex behavior of affected transportation-socioeconomic systems. This essay builds on a previously formulated approach where fuzzy concepts are used to represent five linguistic variables used in the model. We also compare the level of traffic congestion under the scenarios with and without traffic congestion pricing.
The third essay is based on the second essay where different scenarios of the travel demand management policies are evaluated and analyzed. There are two parts in this essay. The first part addresses the construction of a Management Flight Simulator (MFS) that is used to do policy analysis for travel demand management policies. By using the Management Flight Simulator, the second part of the essay describes the evaluation of alternative travel demand management policies.
In this research, we found that the revenue generated from congestion pricing does increase mass transit capacity even with the aging of mass transit capacity. However, in the short term traffic congestion is mitigated while in the long term the proposed travel demand management policy actually deteriorates the traffic situation.Ph. D.
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Ward, John M. "AIRSPACE UTILIZATION REPORTING SYSTEM FOR THE R-2508 COMPLEX." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608523.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaIncreasingly, military managers are requiring better and more efficient use of Special Use Airspace (SUA) and Military Operating Areas (MOA). To date, there has been no automated method for determining airspace utilization within the R-2508 Complex. This paper describes the development of a computer based airspace management tool called Airspace Utilization Reporting System (AURS). AURS receives aircraft beacon radar data from an air traffic control automation system used within the R-2508 Complex. The system processes this data in a customized Oracle database format and responds to query requests, making any information about aircraft activities and airspace utilization available to the user. AURS operates continuously 24 hours per day, seven days per week. The system provides a tool for near complete analysis of all transponder equipped aircraft activities and utilization information within the 20,000 square miles R-2508 airspace Complex. In this paper we also provide detailed AURS reports and examples of military and civilian aircraft activities obtained with AURS.
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Kaddouh, Bilal. "A resource allocation system for heterogeneous autonomous vehicles." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-resource-allocation-system-for-heterogeneous-autonomous-vehicles(75d829dc-e51e-4a73-8c8b-e7ab2dee4af0).html.
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This research aims to understand the different requirements of civilian multiple autonomous vehicle systems in order to propose an adequate solution for the resource allocation problem. A new classification of unmanned system applications is presented with focus on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The main resource allocation systems requirements in each category are presented and discussed. A novel dynamic resource allocation model is introduced for efficient sharing of services provided by ad hoc assemblies of heterogeneous autonomous vehicles. A key contribution is the provision of capability to dynamically select sensors and platforms within constraints imposed by time dependencies, refuelling, and transportation services. The resource allocation problem is modelled as a connected network of nodes and formulated as an Integer Linear Program (ILP). Solution fitness is prioritized over computation time. Simulation results of an illustrative scenario are used to demonstrate the ability of the model to plan for sensor selection, refuelling, collaboration and cooperation between heterogeneous resources. Prioritization of operational cost leads to missions that use cheaper resources but take longer to complete. Prioritization of completion time leads to shorter missions at the expense of increased overall resource cost. Missions can be successfully re-planned through dynamic reallocation of new requests during a mission. Monte Carlo studies on systems of increasing complexity show that good solutions can be obtained using low time resolutions, with small time windows at a relatively low computational cost. In comparison with other approaches, the developed ILP model provides provably optimal solutions at the expense of longer computation time. Flight test procedures were developed for performing low cost experiments on a small scale, using commercial off the shelf equipment, with ability to infer conclusions on the large-scale implementation. Flight test experiments were developed and performed that assessed the performance of the developed ILP model and successfully demonstrated its main capabilities.
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Park, Sang Gyun. "Optimal control based method for design and analysis of continuous descent arrivals." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53005.
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Continuous Descent Arrival (CDA) is a procedure where aircraft descend, at or near idle thrust, from their cruise altitude to their Final Approach Fix without leveling off. By eliminating inefficient leveling off at low altitude, CDA provides benefits such as fuel savings, flight time savings, and the significant noise reduction near airports, but the usage of CDAs has been limited in low traffic condition due to difficulty in the separation management. For the successful CDA without degradation of the runway throughput, air traffic controllers should know the performance bound of the CDA trajectory and control the time of arrival for each aircraft, which is interpreted as Required Time of Arrival (RTA) from the aircraft standpoint.
This thesis proposes a novel trajectory optimization methodology to meet RTA constraint. The CDA trajectory optimization problem in the flight management system is modeled as a path constrained optimal control problem of switched dynamical system. A sequential method that performs mode sequence estimation and parameter optimization, sequentially, is proposed to solve this problem. By analyzing the relaxed optimal solution with simplified dynamics, a computationally efficient algorithm to find the optimal switching structure is proposed and applied for the mode sequence estimation. This thesis also proposes a performance-bound analysis methodology using optimal control techniques to help controllers make a feasible schedule for CDA operations at a meter fix. The feasible time range analysis for a wide variety of aircraft is performed by using the proposed methodology. Based on the analysis result, a single flight time strategy is proposed for the application of CDA in high traffic conditions. The simulation with real traffic data has been shown that the single flight time strategy, combined with the proposed fixed RTA trajectory optimization, guarantees the conflict free CDA operation.
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Hill, Justin Mitchell. "Shaping the Next Generation Air Transportation System with an Airspace Planning and Collaborative Decision Making Model." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39319.
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This dissertation contributes to the ongoing national project concerning the \emph{Next Generation Air Transportation System} (NextGen) that endeavors, in particular, to reshape the management of air traffic in the continental United States. Our work is part of this effort and mainly concerns modeling and algorithmic enhancements to the Airspace Planning and Collaborative Decision-Making Model (APCDM).
First, we augment the APCDM to study an \emph{Airspace Flow Program} (AFP) in the context of weather-related disruptions. The proposed model selects among alternative flight plans for the affected flights while simultaneously (a) integrating slot-exchange mechanisms induced by multiple Ground Delay Programs (GDPs) to permit airlines to improve flight efficiencies through a mediated bartering of assigned slots, and (b) considering issues related to sector workloads, airspace conflicts, as well as overall equity concerns among the involved airlines in regard to accepted slot trades and flight plans. More specifically, the APCDM is enhanced to include the following:
\begin{enumerate}[a.]
\item The revised model accommodates continuing flights, where some flight cannot depart until a prerequisite flight has arrived. Such a situation arises, for example, when the same aircraft will be used for the departing flight.
\item We model a slot-exchange mechanism to accommodate flights being involved in multiple trade offers, and to permit slot trades at multiple GDP airports (whence the flight connection constraints become especially relevant). We also model flight cancelations whereby, if a flight assigned to a particular slot is canceled, the corresponding vacated slot would be made available for use in the slot-exchange process.
\item Alternative equity concepts are presented, which more accurately reflect the measures used by the airlines.
\item A reduced variant of the APCDM, referred to as \textbf{APCDM-Light}, is also developed. This model serves as a fast-running version of APCDM to be used for quick-turn analyses, where the level of modeling detail, as well as data requirements, are reduced to focus only on certain key elements of the problem.
\item As an alternative for handling large-scale instances of APCDM more effectively, we present a \emph{sequential variable fixing heuristic} (SFH). The list of flights is first partitioned into suitable subsets. For the first subset, the corresponding decision variables are constrained to be binary-valued (which is the default for these decision variables), while the other variables are allowed to vary continuously between 0 and 1. If the resulting solution to this relaxed model is integral, the algorithm terminates. Otherwise, the binary variables are fixed to their currently prescribed values and another subset of variables is designated to be binary constrained. The process repeats until an integer solution is found or the heuristic encounters infeasibility.
\item We experiment with using the APCDM model in a \emph{dynamic, rolling-horizon framework}, where we apply the model on some periodic basis (e.g., hourly), and where each sequential run of the model has certain flight plan selections that are fixed (such as flights that are already airborne), while we consider the selection among alternative flight plans for other imminent flights in a look-ahead horizon (e.g., two hours).
\end{enumerate}
These enhancements allow us to significantly expand the functionality of the original APCDM model. We test the revised model and its variants using realistic data derived from the \emph{Enhanced Traffic Management System} (ETMS) provided by the \emph{Federal Aviation Administration} (FAA). One of the new equity methods, which is based on average delay per passenger (or weighted average delay per flight), turns out to be a particularly robust way to model equity considerations in conjunction with sector workloads, conflict resolution, and slot-exchanges. With this equity method, we were able to solve large problem instances (1,000 flights) within 30 seconds on average using a 1\% optimality tolerance. The model also produced comparable solutions within about 20 seconds on average using the Sequential Fixing Heuristic (SFH). The actual solutions obtained for these largest problem instances were well within 1\% of the best known solution. Furthermore, our computations revealed that APCDM-Light can be readily optimized to a 0.01\% tolerance within about 5 seconds on average for the 1,000 flight problems. Thus, the augmented APCDM model offers a viable tool that can be used for tactical air traffic management purposes as an airspace flow program (particularly, APCDM-Light), as well as for strategic applications to study the impact of different types of trade restrictions, collaboration policies, equity concepts, and airspace sectorizations.
The modeling of slot ownership in the APCDM motivates another problem: that of generating detoured flight plans that must arrive at a particular slot time under severe convective weather conditions. This leads to a particular class of network flow problems that seeks a shortest path, if it exists, between a source node and a destination node in a connected digraph $G(N,A)$, such that we arrive at the destination at a specified time while leaving the source no earlier than a lower bounding time, and where the availability of each network link is time-dependent in the sense that it can be traversed only during specified intervals of time. We refer to this problem as the \emph{reverse time-restricted shortest path problem} (RTSP). We show that RTSP is NP-hard in general and propose a dynamic programming algorithm for finding an optimal solution in pseudo-polynomial time. Moreover, under a special regularity condition, we prove that the problem is polynomially solvable with a complexity of order $O(|N||A|)$. Computational results using real flight generation test cases as well as random simulated problems are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed solution procedures.
The current airspace configuration consists of sectors that have evolved over time based on historical traffic flow patterns. \citet{kopardekar_dyn_resect_2007} note that, given the current airspace configuration, some air traffic controller resources are likely under-utilized, and they also point out that the current configuration limits flexibility. Moreover, under the free-flight concept, which advocates a relaxation of waypoint traversals in favor of wind-optimized trajectories, the current airspace configuration will not likely be compatible with future air traffic flow patterns. Accordingly, one of the goals for the \emph{NextGen Air Transportation System} includes redesigning the airspace to increase its capacity and flexibility. With this motivation, we present several methods for defining sectors within the \emph{National Airspace System} (NAS) based on a measure of sector workload. Specifically, given a convex polygon in two-dimensions and a set of weighted grid points within the region encompassed by the polygon, we present several mixed-integer-programming-based algorithms to generate a plane (or line) bisecting the region such that the total weight distribution on either side of the plane is relatively balanced. This process generates two new polygons, which are in turn bisected until some target number of regions is reached. The motivation for these algorithms is to dynamically reconfigure airspace sectors to balance predicted air-traffic controller workload. We frame the problem in the context of airspace design, and then present and compare four algorithmic variants for solving these problems. We also discuss how to accommodate monitoring, conflict resolution, and inter-sector coordination workloads to appropriately define grid point weights and to conduct the partitioning process in this context. The proposed methodology is illustrated using a basic example to assess the overall effect of each algorithm and to provide insights into their relative computational efficiency and the quality of solutions produced. A particular competitive algorithmic variant is then used to configure a region of airspace over the U.S. using realistic flight data.
The development of the APCDM is part of an ongoing \emph{NextGen} research project, which envisages the sequential use of a variety of models pertaining to three tiers. The \emph{Tier 1} models are conceived to be more strategic in scope and attempt to identify potential problematic areas, e.g., areas of congestion resulting from a severe convective weather system over a given time-frame, and provide aggregate measures of sector workloads and delays. The affected flow constrained areas (FCAs) highlighted by the results from these \emph{Tier 1} models would then be analyzed by more detailed \emph{Tier 2} models, such as APCDM, which consider more specific alternative flight plan trajectories through the different sectors along with related sector workload, aircraft conflict, and airline equity issues. Finally, \emph{Tier 3} models are being developed to dynamically examine smaller-scaled, localized fast-response readjustments in air traffic flows within the time-frame of about an hour prior to departure (e.g., to take advantage of a break in the convective weather system). The APCDM is flexible, and perhaps unique, in that it can be used effectively in all three tiers. Moreover, as a strategic tool, analysts could use the APCDM to evaluate the suitability of potential airspace sectorization strategies, for example, as well as identify potential capacity shortfalls under any given sector configuration.Ph. D.
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Revor, Mark S. "An analysis of the integrated mechanical diagnostics health and usage management system on rotor track and balance." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FRevor.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2004.Thesis advisor(s): Lyn R. Whitaker, Arnold H. Buss. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-78). Also available online.
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Schefers, Nina Rebecca. "A decision support system based on constraint programming and airspace digitalization for cooperative flight departures to improve ATM network service competitiveness." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665750.
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El treball de recerca dut a terme en aquesta tesi proposa un nou mecanisme per aplicar un desplaçament estratègic dels temps estimats de despegues dins del seu temps de despalança calculat Windows per reduir la probabilitat d'intervencions de controladors de trànsit aeri.
Aquesta tesi es centra en la millora del saldo dinàmic de la demanda de trànsit aeri mitjançant l'ús de la identificació ràpida d'esdeveniments concurrents a nivell de xarxa, l'anàlisi de les interdependències espai-temporals i la mitigació dels esdeveniments de concurrència detectats. Aquestes mesures es poden considerar com a mesures a curt termini per a l'administració de cabal i de capacitat de trànsit aeri (ATFCM), que podrien aplicar-se a nivell local que podria reduir els pics de trànsit de tot l'espai aeri europeu. La filosofia subjacent és aprofitar els graus de llibertat actual entre les eines de planificació de la gestió del trànsit aeri (capes aeronàutiques) en capes que ordenen sortides als aeroports. El treball contribueix al tema de recerca ben acceptat i àmpliament difós Trajectòria basada en l'operació (TBO) que millora el disseny de noves eines de suport a la decisió (DST). La dissertació està alineada amb un projecte europeu H2020 Research anomenat "Participació".
Les principals contribucions de la tesi doctoral són el desenvolupament i implementació d'una metodologia consecutiva per detectar esdeveniments de concurrència, analitzar les interdependències de la trajectòria i utilitzar un mètode de mitigació basat en la Programació de restriccions per determinar els desplaçaments estimats del temps d'eliminació. A més, la tesi doctoral inclou un fort component experimental que es centra en validar el conjunt d'eines i la seva aplicació a un escenari realista ubicat a l'àrea de maniobra de Terminal de Londres.
Aquest tema de recerca segueix una mica més el meu fons d'estudis de logística perquè el sistema European Air Traffic Management (ATM) ha de ser competitiu en la manera de donar suport a les demandes de l'usuari de l'espai aeri (UA) fins a un cert punt, p. satisfent el moment adequat (per exemple, tragamonedas de sortida), els costos correctes (per exemple, el nivell adequat del servei de control de trànsit aeri (ATC), el lloc adequat (per exemple, les trajectòries preferides de l'AU) i la qualitat del servei adequada (per exemple, seguretat) sense inversions addicionals. eliminant les operacions de valor no agregat d'ATM que afecten indirectament la capacitat actual de l'ATM. A més, quan es mira el problema de sincronització explicat, segueix un enfocament similar al Problema de programació de la botiga de treball que representa un problema d'optimització conegut en el camp de la informàtica, la investigació operativa i la logística, considerant les cel·les de l'espai aeri disponibles com a recurs existent i l'avió com els llocs de treball que s'han de realitzar amb aquest recurs.El trabajo de investigación llevado a cabo en esta disertación propone un nuevo mecanismo para aplicar un cambio estratégico de tiempos estimados de despegue dentro de su tiempo de despegue calculado para reducir la probabilidad de intervenciones de los controladores de tránsito aéreo. Esta disertación se centra en mejorar el equilibrio de la capacidad de demanda dinámica del tráfico aéreo mediante la identificación rápida de eventos de concurrencia a nivel de red, el análisis de las interdependencias espacio-temporales y la mitigación de los eventos concurrentes detectados. Estas medidas pueden considerarse como medidas a corto plazo de flujo de tráfico aéreo y gestión de la capacidad (ATFCM), que podrían aplicarse a nivel local y podrían reducir los picos de tráfico en todo el espacio aéreo europeo. La filosofía subyacente es capitalizar los grados de libertad presentes entre las herramientas de planificación de la gestión del tráfico aéreo (ATM) estratificadas que ordenan las salidas en los aeropuertos. El trabajo contribuye al tema de investigación bien aceptado y ampliamente difundido Trajectory Based Operation (TBO) que mejora el diseño de nuevas herramientas de soporte de decisiones (DST). La disertación está alineada con un proyecto europeo de investigación H2020 llamado "Partake". Las principales contribuciones de la Tesis Doctoral es el desarrollo y la implementación de una metodología consecutiva para detectar eventos de concurrencia, analizar las interdependencias de la trayectoria y utilizar un método de mitigación basado en la Programación de Restricciones para determinar los turnos estimados del tiempo de despegue. Además, la tesis doctoral incluye un fuerte componente experimental centrado en la validación del conjunto de herramientas y su aplicación a un escenario realista ubicado en el Área de maniobras del terminal de Londres. Este tema de investigación sigue en cierta medida mi historial de estudios Logística porque el sistema de Gestión del tránsito aéreo europeo (ATM) tiene que ser competitivo en el camino para apoyar las demandas del usuario del espacio aéreo (AU) hasta cierto punto, p. satisfacer el tiempo correcto (por ejemplo, ranuras de salida), los costos correctos (por ejemplo, nivel adecuado del servicio de control de tránsito aéreo), el lugar correcto (por ejemplo, las trayectorias preferidas de AU) y la calidad de servicio adecuada (por ejemplo, seguridad) sin inversiones eliminando las operaciones de valor agregado sin cajero automático que tienen un impacto indirecto en la capacidad actual del cajero automático. Además, al analizar el problema de sincronización explicado, sigue un enfoque similar al problema de programación de taller que representa un problema de optimización bien conocido en el campo de la informática, la investigación operativa y la logística considerando las celdas de espacio aéreo disponibles como el recurso existente y el avión como los trabajos que se deben realizar que requieren este recurso.
The research work carried out in this dissertation proposes a new mechanism to apply a strategic shifting of Estimated Take-Off Times within their Calculated Take-Off Time Windows to reduce the probability of Air Traffic Controllers interventions. This dissertation focuses on improving the air traffic dynamic demand capacity balance by using means of the prompt identification of concurrence events at network level, the analysis of spatio-temporal interdependencies and the mitigation of the detected concurrence events. These measures can be considered as short-term Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management (ATFCM) measures, that could be applied at local level that could reducing traffic peaks for the whole European airspace. The underlying philosophy is to capitalise present freedom degrees between layered Air Traffic Management (ATM) planning tools that sequence departures at airports. The work contributes to the well-accepted and widely spread research topic Trajectory Based Operation (TBO) that enhances the design of new Decision Support Tools (DST). The dissertation is aligned with a European H2020 Research project called “Partake”. The main contributions of the Doctoral Thesis is the development and implementation of a consecutive methodology for detecting concurrence events, analyzing the trajectory interdependencies and using a mitigation method based on Constraint Programming to determine the Estimated Take-Off Time shifts. Furthermore, the doctoral thesis includes a strong experimental component focusing on validating the set of tools and its application to a realistic scenario located in the London Terminal Maneuvering Area. This research topic follows to some extend my study background Logistics because the European Air Traffic Management (ATM) system has to be competitive in the way to support the Airspace User (AU’s) demands up to a certain point e.g. satisfying the right time (e.g. departure slots), the right costs (e.g. suitable level of Air Traffic Control (ATC) service), the right place (e.g. AU’s preferred trajectories) and the right service quality (e.g. safety) without extra investments, just by removing the ATM non-added-value operations that indirectly impact on present ATM capacity. Furthermore, when looking at the explained synchronization problem it follows a similar approach as the Job Shop Scheduling Problem that represents a well-known optimization problem in the field of computer science, operation research and logistics by considering the available airspace cells as the existing resource and the aircraft as the jobs that should be performed requiring this resource.
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Guevara, Maldonado Jose Alberto. "Closing the Road Infrastructure Gap: Analysis of Expenditure Dynamics and Public-Private Partnership Shaping Challenges." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78258.
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The global infrastructure gap has continually widened over the last few decades. Industry reports and academic publications suggest that, in terms of road infrastructure, both advanced and developing economies have not paid sufficient attention to modernize their infrastructure assets. A wider road infrastructure gap signifies that highway conditions have declined because governments have not had enough resources for maintenance and rehabilitation. In the same way, it also indicates that congestion levels have grown and the level of service in most road networks has dropped because public agencies have not had sufficient funds to generate new highways and expand existing corridors. This dissertation, therefore, provided insights into the difficulties associated with improving the existing highway assets and the barriers related to expanding the current roadway capacity through public-private partnerships (PPPs). The research involved three interdependent studies. In the first study, I examined the continuous deterioration of the US highway system through a system dynamics model, which focused on the dynamics of capital investments and maintenance expenditures in the US road infrastructure. The results confirmed that the American highway system is currently stuck in a capability trap. This makes it difficult for the system to improve at the rates required by the country's economic growth. In my second investigation, my attention shifted toward the governance challenges related to building new roads and expanding highway capacity through PPPs. I developed a systems map of governance variables informed by past-published evidence from actual projects. By specifically examining the shaping phase of public-private initiatives, the work uncovered the effects of feedback relationships and interdependencies on PPP feasibility. This offered insights about the relationship between governance mechanisms and successful PPP development. In the third study, I utilized variables and relationships identified in my second investigation to develop a management flight simulator in order to better explain governance difficulties in the procurement phase of PPP projects. The simulator was implemented during an educational exercise with graduate students of civil engineering. By doing so, I confirmed that the simulator has the potential to increase our understanding of PPP procurement processes. Results indicated that the simulation tool was a suitable instrument to explain how government capacity, project uncertainty, and technical complexity influence PPP tendering. Overall, my findings across the three studies illustrate different means to understand why closing the global road infrastructure gap is challenging. Together, the three inquiries indicate that examining the road infrastructure sector as a socio-technical system contributes to improve our understanding of the expenditure dynamics related to existing assets and to enhance our comprehension of the governance challenges associated with developing new roads.Ph. D.
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Ragulin, Ievgen. "Systém pro správu simulátorů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234993.
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The thesis discusses the basics of flight simulation, systems for flight data visualization and management of flight data. The aim of the work is designing a system for simulator management, providing a capability for displaying and controlling a current state of simulators, flight and navigation data.
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Grohoľ, Robert. "Dynamika metodiky agilního projektového řízení Scrumban." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192472.
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This thesis researches dynamics in projects managed by Scrumban. It describes the creation of system dynamics simulation model, which provides insight into the relationships between system components. It also presents data, that are further analysed with the purpose of discovering patterns in behaviour of project attributes in time, such as size of the product backlog, work in progress etc. The patterns are discovered and recommended parameter settings are provided so that there is no idle time or higher defect rate than necessary. Soft factors are also included in the model, namely the development team and the customer, which have a grand effect to the model behaviour. Managment flight simulator is developed, which provides the option to experiment even to users, who are not familiar with system dynamics modelling. The thesis consists of two parts. In the first part, necessary theory of project management, system dynamics and their fusion is provided. The second part is dedicated to the process of creating the simulation model, dynamic hypothesis formulation, mathematical modelling, testing and data analysis. In consideration of the analysis results, recommended policies are provided. Last pages of the thesis describe the user interface of management flight simulator and it's controls.
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Corbo, Pasquale. "Sistemi Software Critici per Aerei Commerciali." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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Lo scopo di questa tesi è quello di fornire un approccio generico ai linguaggi di programmazione sincroni utilizzati per lo sviluppo di sistemi avionici in grado di gestire la fase del volo in crociera (flight management system) e dei sistemi digital-fly-by-wire studiando il miglioramento del processo di test con il fine di automatizzare la generazione dei dati di test e la valutazione della loro qualità, in un quadro di sistemi sincroni reattivi specifici come i linguaggi Lustre / SCADE.
Nel capitolo 1 introdurremo quindi il concetto di affidabilità, focalizzandoci sul significato di questa in riferimento al software per i sistemi avionici. Nel capitolo due tratteremo il concetto di tolleranza ai guasti e quello di software n-version utilizzato nei sistemi di bordo per un rapido ripristino in caso di
guasti durante il volo. Nel terzo capitolo verrà fatta una panoramica dei sistemi di controllo digitali di volo ovvero del digital fly-by-wire con un particolare riferimento al design del software dell’Airbus320. Nel quarto capitolo
presenteremo alcuni dei principali linguaggi di programmazione utilizzati per lo sviluppo del software di volo ovvero del flight management system, come per esempio Lustre e Scade evidenziando le loro caratteristiche in riferimento ai sistemi avionici. Il quinto e sesto capitolo trattano le tecniche di testing del software implementato con i linguaggi sincroni come appunto Lustre. Nel settimo capitolo verrà preso in considerazione un caso studio riguardante il software che gestisce il controllo del carrello di atterraggio di un velivolo.
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Moore, Michael S., Evan T. Grim, Ganesh U. Kamat, and Myron L. Moodie. "MANAGEMENT OF NETWORK-BASED FLIGHT TEST SYSTEMS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604409.
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ITC/USA 2007 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Third Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2007 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaNetwork-based instrumentation systems are rapidly replacing traditional fixed serial interconnected instrumentation in both commercial and military flight test environments. Modern network-based flight test systems are composed of large numbers of devices including high-speed network switches, data acquisition devices, recorders, telemetry interfaces, and wireless network transceivers, all of which must be managed in a coordinated fashion. Management of the network system includes configuring, controlling, and monitoring the health and status of the various devices. Configuration by hand is not a realistic option, so algorithms for automatic management must be implemented to make these systems economical and practical. This paper describes the issues that must be addressed for managing network-based flight test systems and describes a network management approach that was developed and employed to manage a large-scale network-based flight test system.
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Li, Yihua 1969. "Computerized beer distribution game management flight simulators : a review." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8733.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 30).
The Beer Game has been used to demonstrate the bullwhip effect often observed in supply chains, i.e. the amplification of demand variance upstream in the supply chain in multiple echelon systems. In recent years, computerized Beer Games have been developed at a number of schools to facilitate or replace the traditional manual game. This thesis reviews five existing computerized Beer Distribution Games, discusses their differences, and introduces a new computerized Beer Game currently being developed. Key words: Beer Distribution Game, Supply Chain Management, System Dynamics, System Thinking, Computer Simulation, Internet, Intranet.
by Yihua (Jasmine) Li.
M.Eng.
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Garling, James, and David Cahill. "ENTERPRISE DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605813.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThis paper discusses ongoing regulatory effects on efforts aimed at developing data infrastructures that assist test engineers in achieving information superiority and for maintaining their information, and on possible architectural frameworks for resolving the engineer’s need versus the regulatory requirements. Since current commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) Enterprise Content Management (ECM) systems are targeted primarily at business environments such as back office applications, financial sectors, and manufacturing, these COTS systems do not provide sufficient focus for managing the unique aspects of flight test data and associated artifacts (documents, drawings, pretest data, etc.). This paper presents our ongoing efforts for deploying a storage infrastructure independent enterprise data management system for maintaining vital up-to-date information and for managing the archival of such data.
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Lane, Karen P. "The development of usability scales for flight management systems." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250494.
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Radivojevic, Slavica [Verfasser], Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Reichmuth, and Obrad [Akademischer Betreuer] Babic. "Development and design of a Level of Service (LOS) - based decision support system (DSS) tool for disruption management of flight operations affected by the airline prioritisation policy : design of the delaying VIPs oriented decision support - DEVOTED DSS tool / Slavica Radivojevic ; Johannes Reichmuth, Obrad Babic." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1129875644/34.
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Kuroda, Scott H. "Distribution of Conflict Detection of Aircraft for Next Generation Flight Management Systems." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1043.
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As the number of aircraft is expected to triple in the coming decades, the manual process used to safely route aircraft while in flight will become insufficient. There already exist work to algorithmically detect safe and unsafe routes between aircraft. This thesis extends that system such that the computation is distributed across multiple machines. In addition it also supports the detection of an unsafe route as it is actively modified by a third party. Furthermore, the system supports providing safe or unsafe route notification to multiple interested clients.
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Tino, Clayton P. "Wind models and stochastic programming algorithms for en route trajectory prediction and control." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50242.
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There is a need for a fuel-optimal required time of arrival (RTA) mode for aircraft flight management systems capable of enabling controlled time of arrival functionality in the presence of wind speed forecast uncertainty. A computationally tractable two-stage stochastic algorithm utilizing a data-driven, location-specific forecast uncertainty model to generate forecast uncertainty scenarios is proposed as a solution. Three years of Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting Systems (ACARS) wind speed reports are used in conjunction with corresponding wind speed forecasts from the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) forecast product to construct an inhomogeneous Markov model quantifying forecast uncertainty characteristics along specific route through the national airspace system. The forecast uncertainty modeling methodology addresses previously unanswered questions regarding the regional uncertainty characteristics of the RUC model, and realizations of the model demonstrate a clear tendency of the RUC product to be positively biased along routes following the normal contours of the jet stream. A two-stage stochastic algorithm is then developed to calculate the fuel optimal stage one cruise speed given a required time of arrival at a destination waypoint and wind forecast uncertainty scenarios generated using the inhomogeneous Markov model. The algorithm utilizes a quadratic approximation of aircraft fuel flow rate as a function of cruising Mach number to quickly search for the fuel-minimum stage one cruise speed while keeping computational footprint small and ensuring RTA adherence. Compared to standard approaches to the problem utilizing large scale linear programming approximations, the algorithm performs significantly better from a computational complexity standpoint, providing solutions in fractional power time while maintaining computational tractability in on-board systems.
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Andreu, Altava Ramon. "Calcul du profil optimal d'un aéronef dans les phases de descente et d'approche." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30026.
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Le contexte actuel de croissance du trafic aérien, qui double tous les quinze ans, pose des problèmes environnementaux et remet en cause le développement durable de l'aviation. De plus, d'autres facteurs comme l'entrée en vigueur de nouveaux décrets relatifs aux questions environnementales, la volatilité des cours du pétrole et aussi la concurrence exacerbée du marché des compagnies aériennes conduisent au fait que les sujets de recherche liés à l'optimisation fine du profil de vol de l'avion et à l'amélioration de l'efficacité des opérations aériennes sont devenus des enjeux majeurs pour l'aviation. Le système de gestion du vol, ou FMS selon l'acronyme anglais, est un système de navigation embarqué, courant dans tous les avions de transport commercial, qui permet à l'équipage de gérer le plan de vol latéral et vertical. Du fait que les systèmes avioniques aient des performances limitées, les algorithmes embarqués font des calculs sur la base d'hypothèses très conservatrices. Ceci conduit à des écarts notoires entre les calculs du FMS et le profil réellement volé par l'avion dans un environnement dynamique du vol. L'objectif de cette thèse est donc de développer une fonction bord intégrée au concept de poste de pilotage des futurs cockpit Airbus, permettant de générer des trajectoires optimisées mais aussi tenant compte de l'environnement dynamique de l'avion. Pour cela, cette nouvelle fonction bord qui a été développée adapte la stratégie et le profil de vol de façon régulière pour minimiser le coût global de l'opération. Les principes de gestion énergétique d'un aéronef sont utilisés pour optimiser le profil vertical de vol dans les phases de descente et d'approche dans le but de réduire la consommation carburant, les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et potentiellement le bruit généré par les moteurs et les surfaces aérodynamiques. La fonction proposée est basée sur les principes de la programmation dynamique et plus particulièrement sur l'algorithme A*. Elle cherche à minimiser une fonction de coût en traversant un espace de recherche généré au fur et à mesure que l'algorithme avance dans ses calculs. Non seulement la trajectoire résultante est optimale mais aussi relie la position courante de l'avion avec le seuil de piste de l'aéroport d'arrivée indépendamment du mode de guidage et des conditions énergétiques, ce qui est une nouveauté par rapport au FMS.[...]The continued increase of air traffic, which doubles every 15 years, produces large economic benefits but poses environmental issues that put at risk the sustainable development of air transport. Other factors such as jet fuel prices volatility, the introduction of new environmental regulations and intense competition in the airline industry, have stimulated in the last years research on trajectory optimization and flight efficiency topics. The Flight Management System (FMS) is an onboard avionic system, standard in all transport aircraft, which is used by flight crews to manage the lateral and vertical flight-plan. Since current avionic systems are limited in terms of computational capacity, the computations performed by their algorithms are usually done on the basis of conservative hypotheses. Thus, notorious deviations may occur between FMS computations and the actual flight profile flown by the aircraft. The goal of this thesis is to develop an onboard function, which could be integrated in future Airbus cockpits, that computes optimal trajectories, readjusts the flight strategy according to the dynamic aircraft condition and minimizes operating costs. Flight energy management principles has been used for optimizing aircraft trajectories in descent and approach phases with respect to fuel consumption, greenhouse gas and noise emissions. The proposed function has been developed on the basis of dynamic programming techniques, in particular the A* algorithm. The algorithm minimizes a certain objective function by generating incrementally the search space. The exploration of the search space gives the optimal profile that links the aircraft current position to the runway threshold, independently of the current flight mode and aircraft energy condition. Results show 13% fuel savings and a decrease of 12% in gas emissions compared with a best-in-class FMS. Furthermore, the algorithm proposes the flight strategy to dissipate the excess of energy in situations where aircraft fly too high and/or too fast close to the destination runway. A preliminary operational evaluation of the computed trajectories has been conducted in the flight simulators. These tests demonstrate that the computed trajectories can be tracked with current guidance modes, although new modes should be required to decrease the workload of flight crews. In conclusion, this paper constitutes a solid background for the generation of real-time optimal trajectories in light of the automation of descent and approach flight phases
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Griffin, Thomas G. C. "The flight of information : new approaches for investigating aviation accident causation." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5175.
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The investigation and modelling of aviation accident causation is dominated by linear models. Aviation is, however, a complex system and as such suffers from being artificially manipulated into non-complex models and methods. This thesis addresses this issue by developing a new approach to investigating aviation accident causation through information networks. These networks centralise communication and the flow of information as key indicators of a system‟s health and risk. The holistic approach focuses on the system itself rather than any individual event. The activity and communication of constituent elements, both human and non-human agents, within that system is identified and highlights areas of system failure. The model offers many potential developments and some key areas are studied in this research. Through the centralisation of barriers and information nodes the method can be applied to almost any situation. The application of Bayesian mathematics to historical data populations provides scope for studying error migration and barrier manipulation. The thesis also provides application of these predictions to a flight simulator study in an attempt of validation. Beyond this the thesis also discusses the applicability of the approach to industry. Through working with a legacy airline the methods discussed are used as the basis for a new and forward-thinking safety management system. This holistic approach focuses on the system environment, the activity that takes place within it, the strategies used to conduct this activity, the way in which the constituent parts of the system (both human and non-human) interact and the behaviour required. Each stage of this thesis identifies and expands upon the potential of the information network approach maintaining firm focus on the overall health of a system. It is contended that through the further development and application of this approach, understanding of aviation risk can be improved.
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Kastner, Pavel. "Aplikace systémové dynamiky v managementu zdravotnického zařízení." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162803.
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At the present time, characterised by increasing complexity of not just socio-economics systems, decision-making in positions of executive management is becoming increasingly difficult. Although more and more attention is dedicated to use of information and communication technologies in corporate sector and organizations collect unprecedented amount of very detailed data from all areas, their real nature is often not considered. Data, information and knowledge, through which we can achieve real understanding of causes of the observed systems behaviour, are necessary basis for ability for prediction of tomorrow's effects of today's decisions. This thesis aims to highlight the essence of data, information and knowledge in organization and the necessity of systemic perception for creating efficient and effective decisions. The second part of this thesis presents design of system-dynamic model (including user interface), which explains the mechanisms of health care volume accounting in medical facilities with more departments. The model should facilitate understanding of functioning of hospitals by the public, and respect of general nature of medical facilities functioning to create a base for robust model-oriented decision support system for the management.
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Visser, Hendrikus. "Energy management of three-dimensional minimum-time intercept." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49954.
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A real-time computer algorithm to control and optimize aircraft flight profiles is described and applied to a three-dimensional minimum-time intercept mission.
The proposed scheme has roots in two well-known techniques: singular perturbations and neighboring-optimal guidance. Use of singular-perturbation ideas is made in terms of the assumed trajectory-family structure. A heading/energy family of prestored point-mass-model state-Euler solutions is used as the baseline in this scheme. The next step is to generate a near-optimal guidance law that will transfer the aircraft to the vicinity of this reference family. The control commands fed to the autopilot consist of the reference controls plus correction terms which are linear combinations of the altitude and path-angle deviations from reference values, weighted by a set of precalculated gains. In this respect the proposed scheme resembles neighboring-optimal guidance. However, in contrast to the neighboring-optimal guidance scheme, the reference control and state variables as well as the feedback gains are stored as functions of energy and heading in the present approach.
A detailed description of the feedback laws and of some of the mathematical tools used to construct the controller is presented. The construction of the feedback laws requires a substantial preflight computational effort, but the computation times for on-board execution of the feedback laws are very modest. Other issues relating to practical implementation are addressed as well.
Numerical examples, comparing open-loop optimal and approximate feedback solutions for a sample high-performance fighter, illustrate the attractiveness of the guidance scheme. Optimal three-dimensional flight in the presence of a terrain limit is studied in some detail.Ph. D.
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Wolfe, Neil A. "Development of a Tailored Flight Test Approach for small Unmanned Aircraft Systems." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2073.
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This document contains the details of a study conducted to determine an effective performance flight test approach specifically for small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS). This was done by taking proven procedures and documentation from the FAA and the Air Force for manned aircraft and tailoring them specifically for use with sUAS flight test programs. A ‘sUAS Flight Testing Handbook’ was created from the proceedings to aid commercial organizations and recreational developers conducting sUAS research without access to flight test experience. A performance flight test program was conducted with the AeroVironment RQ-20 Puma sUAS using the developed approach to verify that the ‘sUAS Flight Test Handbook’ was effective at guiding the test program safely and effectively. The development of the handbook, the results of the Puma Flight Test Program (PFTP), and the instructional ‘sUAS Flight Test Handbook’ itself are detailed throughout this report. The handbook includes a set of recommendations developed from experience with the PFTP that apply to both commercial and recreational developers of sUAS. A set of documentation is also provided in the form of instructional templates that plan the test program, report the results, and allow sUAS performance flight testing to be carried out safely and effectively.
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Hoaglund, Catharine M., Lee S. Gardner, and Victor W. Bender. "THE CHALLENGE OF AUTOMATING TEST DATA MANAGEMENT." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608866.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1993 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThe increasing complexity and volume of the information needed to support flight test missions has led to a need to expand the capability of current test data management systems. While the abilities currently exist to collect and manage calibration and telemetry information in an automated fashion, new requirements have emerged to link this data with other systems and to expand the functions and devices supported. Coordinating and directing the overall flow of information required for a successful flight test is a very big task. It calls for a view into flight test planning and scheduling activities, test objectives and methods, and the requirements for viewing and processing the test data in real-time and postflight. To meet this challenge, the Automated Test Data Management System (ATDMS) is being developed at the Air Force Flight Test Center (AFFTC), Edwards AFB, California. This paper describes the critical information and interfaces that the ATDMS will manage to bring cohesion to the management of flight test support data.
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Santamaría, Barnadas Eduard. "Formal mission specification and execution mechanisms for unmanned aircraft systems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6020.
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Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) are rapidly gaining attention due to the increasing potential of their applications in the civil domain. UAS can provide great value performing environmental applications, during emergency situations, as monitoring and surveillance tools, and operating as communication relays among other uses. In general, they are specially well suited for the so-called D-cube operations (Dirty, Dull or Dangerous).Most current commercial solutions, if not remotely piloted, rely on waypoint based flight control systems for their navigation and are unable to coordinate UAS flight with payload operation. Therefore, automation capabilities and the ability for the system to operate in an autonomous manner are very limited. Some motivators that turn autonomy into an important requirement include limited bandwidth, limits on long-term attention spans of human operators, faster access to sensed data, which also results in better reaction times, as well as benefits derived from reducing operators workload and training requirements.
Other important requirements we believe are key to the success of UAS in the civil domain are reconfigurability and cost-effectiveness. As a result, an affordable platform should be able to operate in different application scenarios with reduced human intervention.
To increase capabilities of UAS and satisfy the aforementioned requirements, we propose adding flight plan and mission management layers on top of a commercial off-the-shelf flight control system. By doing so, a high level of autonomy can be achieved while taking advantage of available technologies and avoiding huge investments. Reconfiguration is made possible by separating flight and mission execution from its specification.
The flight and mission management components presented in this thesis integrate into a wider hardware/software architecture being developed by the ICARUS research group.
This architecture follows a service oriented approach where UAS subsystems are connected together through a common networking infrastructure. Components can be added and removed from the network in order to adapt the system to the target mission.
The first contribution of this thesis consists, then, in a flight specification language that enables the description of the flight plan in terms of legs. Legs provide a higher level of abstraction compared to plain waypoints since they not only specify a destination but also the trajectory that should be followed to reach it. This leg concept is extended with additional constructs that enable specification of alternative routes, repetition and generation of complex trajectories from a reduced number of parameters.
A Flight Plan Manager (FPM) service has been developed that is responsible for the execution of the flight plan. Since the underlying flight control system is still waypoint based, additional intermediate waypoints are automatically generated to adjust the flight to the desired trajectory.
In order to coordinate UAS flight and payload operation a Mission Manager (MMa) service has also been developed. The MMa is able to adapt payload operation according to the current flight phase, but it can also act on the FPM and make modifications on the flight plan for a better adaption to the mission needs. To specify UAS behavior, instead of designing a new language, we propose using an in-development standard for the specification of state machines called State Chart XML.
Finally, validation of the proposed specification and execution elements is carried out with two example missions executed in a simulation environment. The first mission mimics the procedures required for inspecting navigation aids and shows the UAS performance in a complex flight scenario. In this mission only the FPM is involved. The second example combines operation of the FPM with the MMa. In this case the mission consists in the detection of hotspots on a given area after a hypothetical wildfire. This second simulation shows how the MMa is able to modify the flight plan in order to adapt the trajectory to the mission needs. In particular, an eight pattern is flown over each of the dynamically detected potential hot spots.
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Lacabanne, Marie. "Qu'est-ce que naviguer ? : analyse d'une tâche de pilotage comme préalable à la conception d'un système d'aide à la gestion d'un vol." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20119/document.
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Cette étude est fondée sur deux constats dans le domaine du transport aérien : la conception des systèmes automatisés, et notamment du système de gestion de vol, découle d’un point de vue techno-centré ne prenant pas en compte le point de vue des opérateurs ; le système de gestion de vol est un système complexe entrainant une difficulté à l’appréhender pour optimiser l’accès aux fonctions existantes. Cette recherche a pour objectif de fournir des recommandations en vue de la conception d’une nouvelle interface du système de gestion de vol partant d’un point de vue centré sur l’opérateur. Pour cela, deux études ont été menées ayant pour objectif la réalisation d’une analyse cognitive de la tâche de navigation (tâche pour laquelle le système de gestion de vol a été initialement conçu). Pour ce faire, nous avons conduit des entretiens auprès de pilotes aux expériences diverses. Les résultats de ces deux premières études fournissent des éléments d’informations quant aux besoins informationnels des pilotes et nous informent aussi sur les exigences de la tâche et leur impact sur la conscience de la situation des pilotes. A la suite de ces résultats, des recommandations de conception pour une nouvelle interface de système de gestion de vol ont été émises visant à répondre aux besoins informationnels des pilotes et ainsi à améliorer leur conscience de la situation. Ces recommandations ont été testées lors d’une troisième étude. Les résultats enregistrés montrent que la réduction de l’effet de dissociation de l’attention ainsi que la contextualisation de l’information de manière cohérente par rapport à l’activité des pilotes permet d’améliorer leur conscience de la situationThis study is based on two observations in the airway field: (i) the design of automated systems - particularly of the flight management system - is currently based on a techno-centered point of view that doesn’t take into account the user point of view; (ii) the flight management system is a complex system resulting in a long time of training and in a difficulty in both the knowledge and the access to the existing functions. This study aims to provide design recommendations for a new flight management system interface from the point of view of the pilots. In order to do this, two studies were carried out with the objective to produce a cognitive task analysis, and more particularly a cognitive task analysis of the navigation task (which is the task for which the system was initially created). Interviews were thus conducted with pilots with different experiences. The results of these two first studies provide information on the informational needs of the pilots, on the task requirements as well as on their impacts on the situation awareness of the pilots. Following these results, design recommendations for a new flight management system interface were produced in order to answer to the informational needs of the pilots and thus to improve their situation awareness. These recommendations were tested during a third study. The results show that the decrease of the attention dissociation’s effect as well as the consistency of the information contextualization of the pilot activity improves the situation awareness