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1
Weisman, Joshua. "Floating Charges on Assets of Individuals." Israel Law Review 21, no. 2 (1986): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700009006.
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The Security Interests Law, 1967, created a revolutionary change in Israel's law of security interests inasmuch as it replaced the previous obsolete regime with a modern one. Notwithstanding, it refrained from adopting a clear position on the question of whether a non-corporate debtor may create a security interest over his assets by means of a floating charge. Such a charge, which according to Israeli law may be given by companies and cooperative societies, applies to both the current property of the debtor and any property which he may acquire in the future. The uniqueness of the floating charge, however, is not merely insofar as it extends to the future property of the debtor. Unless otherwise provided for, the floating charge allows the debtor to continue to execute transactions with his assets, such as their sale or mortgage, whereby the grantee of the rights by virtue of such transactions is not subject to the floating charge.
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Davies, Peter, and Danny Constantinis. "Innovative inspection techniques for ultra deepwater drillships and other floating O&G production assets saving costs, enhancing safety, while assuring operational availability and asset integrity." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16012.
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The Hull Inspection Techniques and Strategy (HITS) Joint Industry Project (JIP), a subgroup of the Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) Research Forum, called for new methods to be developed that enhance safety, reduce costs and support the assurance of integrated asset management. Hull integrity is critical to enhancing safety and operational effectiveness for production operations, particularly for high-value assets. Good hull integrity requires accurate, relevant hull-inspection data of the internal structure, isolation valves, moonpools, external appendages and positioning systems. Current methods use divers or remotely operated vehicles (ROVs); this often disrupts drilling operations and, in the case of divers, is a high but managed risk. HITS JIP called for methods to minimise diver and man intervention in confined spaces. This has now been achieved on several assets while on station, operational and on-hire by an innovative method of conducting inspections from within the hull and using advanced techniques to inspect critical isolation valves, moonpool high-stress areas, thrusters and hull appendages. Aligning internal and external structural inspections optimises operational availability further and is achieved by means of class-approved ‘long-term inspection plans’ that align the ‘underwater’ scope with other hull inspections and spreads the work over several 5-year cycles. As well as safety enhancements, benefits include over 70% persons on board (POB) reduction on diver under water inspection in lieu of drydocking (UWILD) operations, minimising downtime and operational impact, and high-value inspection data. Further advances in hull inspection have also been proven that eliminate man entry of confined spaces for inspection of ballast and other tanks.
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Van Erp, Sjef, Christopher Bisping, and Charles-Antoine Leunen. "Privy Council, Agnew and Bearsley v. The Commissioner of Inland Revenue [2001] B.C.C. 252 Floating and Fixed Charge." European Review of Private Law 11, Issue 2 (April 1, 2003): 174–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/erpl2003013.
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Abstract: The most frequent method by which companies borrow money takes the form of debentures, which are usually accompanied by a charge on the company’s assets. One of the features of the company law which applies in Common Law countries, and which distinguishes it from that which prevails in most codified law systems on this issue, is the distinction made between the “fixed charge” and the “floating charge”. Fixed charges normally take the form of legal mortgage over specified company assets, e.g. its land and buildings. A charge may also be fixed on the company’s present and future book debts, which prevents the company from using the debts without the consent of the chargee. On the other hand, companies may also give a lender a “floating charge”, being an equitable charge on some or all of the present and future property of the company. Normally such a charge relates to those assets which are constantly changing, such as the company’s stock-in-trade. The company thus remains free to deal with the assets as it sees fit in the course of its business. The floating charge only becomes attached to an item if and when the charge “crystallizes”, whereupon it becomes a fixed charge on all the current assets which it covers. A charge crystallises where the company is about to be wound up or in such other conditions as are specified in the trust deed or debentures – e.g. failure by the company to pay the agreed interest or to redeem the debentures as agreed. In the majority of cases, the category to which a particular charge belongs is clear beyond reasonable doubt; however, there are some charges which admit of some doubt in this respect. It was precisely such a borderline charge which is the subject-matter of the case under review, which landed before the Privy Council from the New Zealand Court of Appeal. Here, a company granted a charge over its uncollected book debts, which left it free to collect them and use the proceeds in the ordinary course of its business, but prevented the company from assigning or from factoring them. The underlying debenture was expressed in such a way as to create a fixed charge over the book debts. When the company went into receivership, the only assets available for distribution to creditors were the proceeds of the book debts which were outstanding when the receivers were appointed. The question arose whether the right of the company to collect the debts and deal with their proceeds free from security meant that the charge on the uncollected debts, although described in the debenture as being fixed, was nevertheless a floating charge until it crystallised through the appointment of the receivers. It was argued by the receivers that the charge was fixed and that the proceeds were accordingly payable to the company’s bank, acting as the holder of the charge. However, of the charge was a floating charge at the time when it was created, then, through the combined effects of Schedule VII to the Companies Act 1993 and Section 30 of the Receiverships Act 1993, the proceeds were payable to the employees and the Inland Revenue Commissioner as preferential creditors. The judge at first instance ruled that the charge in question was a fixed charge. However, this decision was reversed by the Court of Appeal (New Zealand). The receivers appealed to the Privy Council. The question to be settled on appeal was whether a charge over the uncollected book debts of a company which left the latter free to collect them and use the proceeds in the ordinary course of its business was a fixed or a floating charge. The Council dismissed the appeal. It traced the history of the floating charge from its inception to the present day, paying particular attention to charges over book debts, and arrived at the following conclusions: (a) the characteristics of the floating charge as specified by Romer LJ in the landmark decision of Re Yorkshire Woolcombers Association
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Wee, Kenneth. "Financing LNG infrastructure using master limited partnerships." APPEA Journal 56, no. 2 (2016): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15121.
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In recent years, an unprecedented level of capital has been invested in developing Australia’s latest liquefied natural gas (LNG) projects, with several more still in the pipeline. In the wake of ever-increasing oil price volatility, and international competitiveness and uncertainty in the global financial markets, Australian LNG projects that are either under development or are being proposed continually face pressure to be more cost-efficient and value-accretive to their capital providers. The application of cutting-edge technology, such as floating LNG, together with more innovative financing strategies, are among the key factors that could provide more attractive project yields to make investing in new greenfield LNG projects more commercially viable. For many years, master limited partnerships (MLPs) have been used as a tax-effective financing vehicle in the North American energy and resources sector for funding the construction of gas infrastructure assets. This extended abstract explores the feasibility of holding Australian LNG infrastructure assets such as LNG pipelines and processing facilities within a MLP structure, including: how a typical MLP investment model would work in practice in the LNG sector; the fiscal treatment of a MLP and its impact on investor yield; the types of LNG assets that are appropriate for a MLP structure; the suitability of the MLP vehicle in the Australian context; commercial considerations in establishing and maintaining a MLP structure, including transactional costs and Australia’s unique Petroleum Resource Rent Tax regime; and, sustainability of the MLP model in the context of the current Australian and worldwide focus on fiscal accountability.
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Serletis, Apostolos, and Guohua Feng. "SEMI-NONPARAMETRIC ESTIMATES OF CURRENCY SUBSTITUTION BETWEEN THE CANADIAN DOLLAR AND THE U.S. DOLLAR." Macroeconomic Dynamics 14, no. 1 (December 15, 2009): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100509080298.
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In this paper we investigate the issue of whether a floating currency is the right exchange rate regime for Canada or whether Canada should consider a currency union with the United States. In the context of the framework recently proposed by James L. Swofford, we use a semi-nonparametric flexible functional form—the asymptotically ideal model (AIM), introduced by William A. Barnett and A. Jonas—and pay explicit attention to the theoretical regularity conditions of neoclassical microeconomic theory, following the suggestions of William A. Barnett and William A. Barnett and Meenakshi Pasupathy. Our results indicate that U.S. dollar deposits are complements to domestic (Canadian) monetary assets, suggesting that Canada should continue the current exchange rate regime, allowing the exchange rate to float freely with no intervention in the foreign exchange market by the Bank of Canada.
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Keys, Matt. "Offshore structures – why all offshore facilities should have a demanning requirement." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18109.
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Most offshore structure design codes focus on setting appropriate safety factors to achieve an acceptable annual level of risk. Recent work by Atkins SNC-Lavalin, together with a large number of operators in Australian waters and the North Sea, has discovered that a large number of aging assets are implementing a demanning requirement to limit the risk of platform collapse to personnel, due to changes in loading or degradation of the structure. This work has shown there are two risk scenarios that should drive this requirement. The first scenario which is intended by the codes in limiting the overall annual risk. The second is to limit the collapse risk associated with a known forecast storm, as the level of risk from helicopter demanning is much lower. For all the older offshore fixed and permanently mooring floating structures assessed for a risk level considered acceptable for a forecast storm, this risk level would govern the sea-state demanning criteria. For recently installed facilities that are compliant with current standards, the findings were the same: that all facilities should have a demanning requirement. The level of this demanning sea-state limit has been shown to be lower than expected and is likely to occur only once in the asset’s life; therefore, the cost implications of implementing demanning procedures are minor. This paper presents the basis and range of findings for calculating the risks associated with an annual occurrence and an ‘in a forecast storm’ risk. Further, this paper proposes acceptable demanning limits for facilities designed to current and historical design codes.
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Ahmetaj, Natasha, and Merita Bejtja. "Determinants of the Real Equilibrium Exchange Rate in Albania: An Estimation Based on the Co-Integration Approach." ACRN Journal of Finance and Risk Perspectives 8, no. 1 (2019): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35944/jofrp.2019.8.1.005.
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Problem/Relevance: Investigation of exchange rate behaviour has been an important topic in international monetary economics because of the impact of exchange rates on economies. One strand of the literature has focused on explaining the observed movement of the nominal or real exchange rate in terms of macroeconomic variables. Another strand of the literature has evaluated the behaviour of the real exchange rates in relation to the equilibrium exchange rate, which is the real exchange rate that is consistent with macroeconomic balances. Albania implements a free floating exchange rate regime; therefore, evaluating whether the actual real exchange rate is too strong or too weak compared with the real equilibrium exchanges rate has great relevance for the Albanian economy. Research Objective/Questions: Generally, the real exchange rate is defined as the nominal exchange rate adjusted for the relative price differential between domestic and foreign goods and services. So, an appreciation of the nominal exchange rate or higher inflation at home relative to other countries may lead to an appreciation of the real exchange rate. Such appreciation weakens the competitiveness of a country, widens the current account deficit and increases vulnerability to financial crises. The opposite holds true when the real exchange rate depreciates. The aim of this paper is, first, to estimate the equilibrium real exchange rate for the Albanian currency against the euro and, second, to assess the total exchange rate misalignment during the period of 2001Q1-2017Q1. Thus, the equilibrium real exchange rate is used as a benchmark for evaluating the misalignment of the actual real exchange rate. Methodology: This paper explores the determinants of the real exchange rate for Albania, during the period of 2001Q1-2017Q1, based on the stock-flow approach, the so called Behavioural Equilibrium Exchange Rate (BEER), which effectively employs reduced-form modelling of the exchange rate based on standard co-integration techniques. The stock of net foreign assets and productivity changes has been considered fundamental for the real exchange rate. We have used the Johansen co integration technique to test the existence of long-run relationships between our main variables and to evaluate the path of the equilibrium real exchange rate based on vector error correction model (VECM) results. Then the analysis is completed by calculating the degree of misalignment as the difference between the actual real exchange rate and the equilibrium real exchange rate. Major Findings: Based on the Johansen co-integration approach, we find one long-run relationship between the real exchange rate of the Albanian lek against the euro, relative productivity and net foreign assets during the period of 2001Q1 to 2017Q1. The model implies that the real exchange rate is affected, as we expected, by relative productivity and net foreign assets, confirming that an increase in both variables leads to an appreciation of the real exchange rate in the long run. Our results show that the behaviour of the actual real exchange rate is similar to the path of the equilibrium exchange rate and that the degree of misalignment throughout the period is estimated to be moderate. Implications: Our empirical results confirm that the degree of misalignment is reasonable, suggesting a consistency between macroeconomic (especially monetary) policies and the free floating exchange rate regime. Assessing real exchange rate misalignment is a very important issue for policy makers because of the severe welfare and efficiency costs that such misalignment can have for an economy.
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Ok, Duo. "Enhancement of Safety and Design in Cargo Handling Spaces to Prevent Accidental Fire or Explosion in Oil Tankers and FPSOs." Journal of Ship Production and Design 35, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jspd.05180018.
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Over the last few decades, there have been a significant number of accidents on crude oil tankers, floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) and offshore units due to fire and explosion, which have resulted in loss of lives, assets, and environmental damage. These incidents increase scrutiny and questions on the current level of safety design in hydrocarbon handling spaces and other high-risk spaces in oil tankers and FPSOs. There are many factors which may contribute to these incidents, including; defects of equipment and components, overlook during design, inappropriate maintenance procedure and history, improper workmanship, and lack of company safety procedures and instruction during maintenance and emergency responses. This study is focused on and has discussed all safety aspects and barriers for the enclosed cargo-handling spaces in tankers and offshore units. Various existing regulations, standards, and guidelines have addressed safety design of enclosed cargo-handling spaces. These requirements and guidelines are referred and investigated to identify typical industry gaps in design and to recommend best engineering practices. The proposed key design recommendations may be considered at the early design stage of new building or conversion projects to enhance the overall safety and to reduce the likelihood of critical safety events.
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Ivanović, Vanja, and Elvis Mujačević. "NET CURRENT ASSETS IN FEASIBILITY STUDIES." Tourism and hospitality management 9, no. 2 (December 2003): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.9.2.16.
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Net current assets consist primarily of cash, marketable securities, receivables and inventory. The balances in these accounts can be highly volatile as they respond quickly to changes in the firm’s operating environment. Medium-term planning and immediate reactions to changes in forecasts and conditions are required for effective management of the net current assets. Net current assets management is the functional area of finance that covers all the current accounts of the firm. It is concerned with the adequacy of current assets as well as the level of risk posed by current liabilities. We can say that net current assets management is a discipline that seeks proper policies for managing current assets and liabilities and practical techniques for maximizing the benefits.
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Shygun, M. М., and N. O. Mychak. "Primary Accounting of Non-Current Assets Held for Sale." Scientific Bulletin of the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, no. 4 (October 17, 2018): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/nasoa.4.2018.07.
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The article is devoted to the study of the documentary support for operations with non-current assets held for sale. The importance of the study is determined by the fact that in the Ukrainian business accounting and recording practice, information about economic transactions with non-current assets held for sale is recorded in the forms approved for fixed and intangible assets that do not reflect all the aspects of accounting for non-current assets held for sale, which is inappropriate because it does not allow for their rational management and control. Despite the judiciousness of studies on recording of transactions with non-current assets, recording of transactions with non-current assets held for sale needs further studies because it is not sufficiently developed nowadays.
Absence of special documentary support for accounting of non-current assets held for sale is emphasized. The article’s aim is to develop recommendations for improving the documentary support for transactions with non-current assets held for sale taking into account the economic substance and legal specifics of such transactions.
The authors propose a form of the Act on reclassification of non-current assets into non-current assets held for sale, which can provides a substantiated documentary confirmation of the execution of such transactions. This form takes into consideration all the necessary information about recognition of an asset as one held for sale.
The authors’ recommendations are given. In order to improve the recording of transactions with non-current assets held for sale, the primary documents should be issued not only at the moment of such assets reclassification, but also prior to their reclassification from non-current assets into non-current assets held for sale, and in the period of holding them for sale till the moment of transfer to the buyers.
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Marmul, Larisa, and Mykola Kucherenko. "Current issues of accounting of non-current assets depreciation." University Economic Bulletin, no. 49 (May 22, 2021): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2021-49-108-112.
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The subject of the research is theoretical principles and practical proposals for the improvement and development of methods and accounting of depreciation and depreciation charge based on the requirements of tax accounting and national accounting standards. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of accounting for the justification of proposals concerning grouping methods, determination of fixed assets depreciation and depreciation charge based on tax accounting, and national accounting standards harmonization. The methodological bases of the article are general scientific (dialectical, historical, monographic, system-structural), general economic (statistical and economic, groupings), special accounting (double entry, accounting, balance) research methods. The results of the article. It is generalized that fixed assets for accounting and depreciation are divided into certain groups according to the substantiated methods. Accounting problems are related to inconsistencies in regulatory and methodological support and can be resolved based on the harmonization of tax accounting and national accounting standards. Field of application of results. The results can be used in the management of enterprises and in the educational process of secondary special and higher education institutions in training the specialists in economics and accounting. Conclusions. Therefore, in the absence of clear criteria on which the choice of depreciation method for the relevant group of fixed assets should be based, it is likely that the enterprise may provide inaccurate information about its fixed assets and other non-current assets. Therefore, for this purpose, a centralized procedure for determining the liquidation value of fixed assets and other non-current assets should be introduced, as well as clear Regulations on the choice of depreciation method should be developed at the legislative level.
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Levitsky, N. "Improvement of accounting representation of non-current assets." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 68, no. 1 (2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2021.01.037.
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The essence of non-current assets is investigated and their main components are revealed in this paper. The problems of accounting for non-current non-monetary assets, which currently occupy an important share in the total value of assets, are studied. The place of new types of property – computer programs, electronic databases, websites (online stores, electronic printed publications and other electronic media) in the structure of non-current assets in particular, and property of the enterprise in general is determined. It is proved that such property is be closely related to the application of computer equipment and computer networks such as the Internet. In order to summarize the selected features and characteristics of this type of property, it is proposed to combine them into the separate group called «Electronic Property». Allocated objects are neither things nor property rights, the amount of money invested in this property is huge, and the turnover from the sale of goods and services via the Internet (online stores) is significant. On the global scale, such manipulations make it possible to clarify the concept and meaning of the term «intangible assets». The concept of «electronic property» is defined as property that has no material, natural form, which functions exclusively in conjunction with the physical resources of personal computers or computer networks. In order to organize the accounting of the investigated type of property, it is proposed to combine it into a separate accounting group «electronic assets» and to use for reflection in the accounting system the following accounts of the Chart of Accounts: 128 sub-account – «electronic assets», 136 subaccount – «depreciation of electronic assets». The main stages of accounting for non-current assets: identification and definition of non-current assets; classification of non-current assets; evaluation of non-current assets for accounting purposes; criteria, norms, methods of depreciation; principles of objects depreciation impossibility; procedure (methodology) for accounting of non-current assets aiming to determine the financial result are identified.
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Kovalenko, Svetlana N., Yulia N. Kovalenko, and Natalia A. Kalutskaya. "CURRENT ISSUES IN ACCOUNTING AND TAXATION OF FIXED ASSETS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 3, no. 11 (2021): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.11.03.029.
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The article examines the concept of «fixed assets» in the context of the application of the new standard - FSB 6/2020 "Fixed assets", a comparison with the norms of tax legislation, as well as the funda-mental criteria according to which the object will be related to fixed assets, the provisions regarding the ele-ments of depreciation, and therefore the formation of the liquidation value of fixed assets. In addition, additional innovations in the accounting process of fixed assets are presented, the main provisions of FSB 6/2020 «Fixed Assets» and FSB 26/2020 «Capital Investments» are given.
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Sozanskyy, L. Yo. "Statistical Assessment of the Capital Dynamics of Industry in Ukraine: Inter-regional Comparison." Statistics of Ukraine, no. 1(76) (March 20, 2017): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.1(76).2017.01.07.
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Rational formation of production facilities in the industrial sector constitutes a priority competitive advantage and factor for its competitiveness. The article’s objective is statistical assessment of technological activity in the industrial sector of Ukrainian regions, to highlight patterns of formation and dynamics of fixed assets.
The indicator with critical impact on the dynamics of capital in Ukraine over the period under study is “growth rate of non-current assets”.
Of the Ukrainian regions in 2015, the high dynamics of capital in the industry was recorded only in Myko- laiv region. The regions with the medium dynamics of capital can be divided into three subgroups. The first subgroup covers the regions with high shares of non-current assets in the total industrial assets and high growth rate of non-current asset s. The second subgroup includes the regions with medium or high shares of non-current assets in the total industrial assets but low growth rates of non-current assets. The third group includes the regions with high shares of non-current assets in the total industrial assets in parallel with negative growth rates of non-current assets. The regions with the low technological activity can be broken into two subgroups: the first one covers regions with medium shares of non-current assets in the total industrial assets and low growth rates of non-current assets; the second one covers regions with medium shares of non-current assets in the total industrial assets and negative growth rates of non-current assets.
The results demonstrate recovering of dynamics of capital in the industry in Southern regions of Ukraine (Mykolaiv and Odesa regions), and in part of the Western regions (Volyn, Transcarpaty, and Chernivtsi regions), in Vinnytsia region, along with its essential decline in Dnipropetrovsk region and three Western regions (Ivano-Frankivsk, Rivne, and Ternopil regions).
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Nobanee, Haitham, and Jaya Abraham. "Current assets management of small enterprises." Journal of Economic Studies 42, no. 4 (September 14, 2015): 549–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-02-2013-0028.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between a firm’s net trade cycle, its size and liquidity. Design/methodology/approach – The relation between the firm’s net trade cycle and its liquidity is examined using Generalized Method of Moment Dynamic Panel-Data System Estimation with Robust Standard Errors for a sample of 5,802 US non-financial firms listed in the New York Stock Exchange, American Stock Exchange, NASDAQ Stock Market and Over the Counter Market for the period 1990-2004 (87,030 firm-year observations). The analysis is applied at the levels of the full sample and divisions of the sample by size. Findings – The results show negative and significant relationship between net trade cycle, as a comprehensive measure of efficiency in working capital management, and liquidity for small firms. Originality/value – Most of the existing literature focusses on the large firm’s experience of working capital management. Small firms generally face liquidity problems and have limited access to external capital, and studies on their efficiency in working capital management are scant. Thus the present study is useful in understanding the relation between the firm’s net trade cycle and liquidity of small firms.
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Sutiman, Sutiman, and Supatmin Supatmin. "Pengaruh Current Ratio Dan Debt To Asset Ratio Terhadap Return On Asset Pada PT JAPFA Comfeed Indonesia Tbk Periode Tahun 2009-2019." Jurnal Disrupsi Bisnis 4, no. 4 (July 30, 2021): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/drb.v4i4.10763.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Current Ratio dan Debt to Assets Ratio terhadap return on assets pada PT Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Tbk periode 2009-2019. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun populasi yang dipergunakan berupa data laporan keuangan dari PT Japfa Comfeed Indonesia dari tahun 2009-2019, sedangkan analisis data yang dipergunakan meliputi rasio keuangan dengan current ratio, debt to assets ratio dan return on assets, uji deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis dan uji regresi linier berganda. Adapun Hasil uji t (parsial) diperoleh current ratio berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return on assets, sedangkan debt to assets ratio berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap return on assets. Hasil uji F (simultan), current ratio dan debt to assets ratio berpengaruh terhadap return on assets dengan konstribusi sebesar 48%. Hal ini juga diperkuat dengan hasil nilai Fhitung (4,522) > Ftabel (4,460) dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,532. Kata kunci: Current Ratio; Debt to Assets Ratio; Return on Assests
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Zadorozhnyi, Zenovii. "Problematic issues relating to the quality of information used for accounting and management accounting of low-cost assets." Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, no. 1(87) (January 30, 2018): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2018.01.115.
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The article presents an analysis of research practice on the classification criteria of current assets, noncurrent assets and low-cost assets. It is proved that the main feature for dividing assets into current and noncurrent (capital) ones should be seen in their planning operation period. It is reasoned that low-cost assets include assets worth up to UAH 2,500. It is proposed to change the name of Account 22 “Low-cost items” to “Non-durables” and to consolidate there its subsidiary accounts, respectively, “expensive”, “cheap” and “low-cost” non-durable items. Working clothes, safety footwear, and tools, whose planning operation period exceeds one year, should be attributed as noncurrent assets and presented on Account 10 “Capital assets” and Account 11 “Other noncurrent tangible assets”. The necessity of reducing primary documentation for accounting durable items is proved. It is substantiated that accounting treatment of intangible assets should be carried out not only as part of noncurrent assets on Account 12 “Intangible assets”, but also as part of current assets on Account 29 “Current intangible assets”. It is shown that the proposed changes will give internal users and investors an opportunity to receive more transparent and reliable information about enterprise’s financial health.
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Grigoroi, Lilia, and Georgiana Daniela Minculete (Piko). "Study Regarding the Evolution of the Financial Balance in the Pharmaceutical Industry." Studies in Business and Economics 10, no. 3 (December 1, 2015): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sbe-2015-0044.
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Abstract This article aims at analysing the financial balance within the global pharmaceutical industry, starting from the assumption that „In the pharmaceutical industry there is sufficient liquidity to cover payment obligations”. The analysed companies are part of the exclusive group comprising the top 20 global companies, e.g. GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co., Sanofi-Aventis and Bayer. The research conducted is based on an analysis over time of the relationship between floating assets, floating assets requirement and net cash from 2006 to 2013, and highlights the main developments of the indicators before the onset of the financial and economic crisis and after its outbreak.
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Nurlela, Nurlela, Sulastri Sulastri, Umar Hamdan AJ, and Agustina Hanafi. "The Influence Of Investment Decisions And Financing Decisions On Firm Value With Profitability As Intervening Variables(Empirical Study On Companies Listed In Indonesian Sharia Stock Index)." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 2 (May 16, 2019): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i2.758.
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This study aims to analyze the effect of investment decisions and financing decisions on the firm value with profitability as an intervening variable. The variables in this study are current assets to total assets, fixed assets to total assets, debt to assets ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets, and free cash flow. The sample in this study were 85 companies listed in the Indonesian Islamic Stock Index (ISSI) in 2012-2016. Data collection techniques in this study are purposive sampling method. The analytical method used is path analysis. The results showed that investment decisions current assets to total assets did not affect profitability while fixed assets to total assets negatively affected profitability. Financing decisions do not affect profitability. Investment decisions have a negative effect on firm value. Financing decisions do not affect the value of the company. Profitability has a positive effect on company value. Profitability does not mediate te effect of investment decisions current assets to total assets on firm value while profitability mediates the effect of investment decisions fixed assets to total assets on firm value. Profitability does not mediate the effect of financing decisions on firm value.
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Chereshnevyi, Oleksandr. "IMPROVEMENT OF CLASSIFICATION OF NON-CURRENT TANGIBLE ASSETS IN BUDGET INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE." ScienceRise, no. 1 (February 27, 2021): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2021.001666.
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The object of research: This article explores the necessary ways to improve the classification of non-current tangible assets on the example of non-current tangible assets for special purposes.
Solved problem: bringing the classification of non-current tangible assets to the accounting needs of the institution will improve the structure, quality of accounting information reflected in the accounting registers and allow the application of uniform methodological provisions of accounting to such tangible assets.
Investigated problem: structuring the classification features of non-current tangible assets of budgetary institutions of Ukraine, which listen to modern requirements for the accumulation of information and the needs of internal and external users for the adoption of administrative management.
The main scientific results: The proposed approaches to the classification of non-current tangible assets, namely the attribution of non-current tangible assets for special purposes to fixed assets, will bring the accounting information of budgetary institutions to the economic essence of these assets. This, in turn, will improve the quality of accounting information for management decisions, reduce the number of errors in the reflection of business transactions with these assets. The ability of the existing classification of non-current tangible assets to structure the tangible assets according to their properties and technical characteristics is proved. To confirm the opinion about the inconsistency of the modern classification of non-current tangible assets, a comparative description of the properties of fixed assets, other non-current tangible assets, and non-current tangible assets for special purposes is given.
The area of practical use of the research results: the practical results of this study are primarily aimed at application in the activities of budgetary institutions of Ukraine. But it is also expedient to apply the obtained scientific achievements at the enterprises and establishments of the public sector.
Innovative technological product: approaches to the classification of non-current tangible assets in budgetary institutions with the simultaneous possibility of implementing the results obtained in existing software products for automation of settlement processes and budget accounting in general.
Scope of the innovative technological product: the results presented in this study are relevant and recommended for use in all budgetary institutions. It will be especially useful for implementation by senior fund managers whose functions are related to defense or law enforcement measures
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Demchenko, Tetyana. "FEATURES OF ACCOUNTING FOR CURRENT ASSETS OF THE ENTERPRISE." Three Seas Economic Journal 3, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2661-5150/2022-2-9.
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The purpose of the paper is to study the problem aspects and methods of current assets presentation in the accounting in order to make informed managerial decisions in the enterprise management. Methodology. In the process of writing this article various general scientific and specific research methods were used, in particular the dialectic method (in the study of eco-nomic phenomena and categories), the induction and deduction method (in the study of the current assets place in the accounting system), the historical, logical and comparison methods (at the stage of accounts specification of the current assets accounting), the systemic method (by the disclosure of the accounting organization processes of current assets), the observation method (in the process of study the state of current assets at the enterprise), the generalization and comparison method (at the stage of theoretical positions generalization and conclusions formation of this study). Results. It was established that current assets are a necessary component of the company property and require the development of an appropriate accounting system in order to provide timely information on the presence, movement and use of current assets of the enterprise. The organization of current assets accounting of an enterprise is complicated by the uncertainty and constant changes in the legal acts. In order to accurately present the inventory accounting of the enterprise, the accountants should timely show the economic operations on the receipt and movement of current assets in the primary accounting documents. Taking into account the direction and documentary registration of operations on the receipt and retirement of stocks, we have developed the chart of inventory behaviour at the enterprise, which clearly shows the formation of information of the accounts. The computer accounting program "BAS Accounting" is offered for use, which will allow to optimize the accounting of current assets at the enterprise in the best way. Practical implications. The practical use of the proposed offers will ensure the correct presentation of operations on the organization of current assets accounting and the prompt receipt of the necessary information by the company management. Value/originality. The results of the study are aimed at improving the quality, reliability and efficiency of current assets accounting and can be used in the work of Ukrainian enterprises. Evaluation of current methods of accounting for current assets, development and implementation of recommendations for their practical improvement will improve both accounting and, accordingly, management decisions on their effective use in the enterprise.
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Zdyrko, Nataliia, and Oleksandr Chereshnevyi. "Theoretical essence and classification of non-current tangible assets." Ekonomika APK 314, no. 12 (December 28, 2020): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202012029.
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The purpose of the article is to investigate and determine the theoretical essence of non-current tangible assets and improve their classification in order to develop accounting science. Research methods. The research uses dialectical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena, analysis and synthesis - to substantiate and determine the theoretical and methodological principles of non-current tangible assets and their classification, monographic method - to analyze the evolution of domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of classification and definition of non-current tangible assets, empirical method is for a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the object of study, scientific abstraction - to summarize the results, draw conclusions and their own vision of the essence of non-current tangible assets and their classification. Research results. As a result of research on the nature and classification of non-current tangible assets revealed a modern approach to their interpretation and classification. The need to improve the existing classification of non-current tangible assets in the public sector of the economy on the example of budgetary institutions is identified. Scientific novelty: Theoretical provisions on the essence of non-current tangible assets, which are based on the experience and research of domestic and foreign scientists, as well as their own vision, have been further developed. An updated classification structure of non-current tangible assets for the public sector is proposed, based on the needs of managers and employees of the public sector of the economy. Practical significance. On the way to bringing the national accounting system to international standards, special attention should be paid to determining the theoretical nature of non-current tangible assets and bringing the classification of these assets to accounting needs not only at the national level but also at the level of international standards and requirements. Proposals for the classification of non-current tangible assets are proposed. Tabl.: 1. Figs.: 4. Refs.: 13.
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Huang, Wei. "Current Situation of Chinese State-Owned Assets Management." International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance 12, no. 4 (August 2021): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2021.12.4.702.
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This article introduces the current scale and development of Chinese state-owned assets; the situation about separating government functions from State-Owned Enterprise management and state-owned capital in China; modern corporate system construction and improvement in SOEs, as well as the shortages in the process; comprehensive and deep mixed ownership reform and equity diversification reform at SOEs and for state-owned assets; enhancement of Chinese Communist Party construction in SOEs; SOEs’ great effort on innovation promotion; institutions and governments’ assets management; and the situation of state-owned assets’ concentration.
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Utami, Melia Trie, and Gusganda Suria Manda. "PENGARUH WORKING CAPITAL TURNOVER (WCT), CURRENT RATIO (CR), DAN TOTAL ASSETS TURNOVER (TATO) TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS." Moneter - Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan 8, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31294/moneter.v8i1.8798.
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The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the effect of Working Capital Turnover (WCT), Current Ratio (CR), and Total Assets Turnover (TATO) on Profitability with the Return On Assets (ROA) proxy on cigarette sub sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) quarterly in 2014-2019, both partially and simultaneously. The research method used is descriptive verification with quantitative approaches. The sample in this study used purposive sampling. The statistical method used is the method of multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the Working Capital Turnover (WCT), Current Ratio (CR), and Total Assets Turnover (TATO) simultaneously had a significant effect on the Return on Assets (ROA) profitability. Partially Working Capital Turnover (WCT) has a significant negative effect on Return on Assets (ROA) profitability, Current Ratio (CR) has no effect on Return on Assets (ROA) Profitability, and Total Assets Turnover (TATO) has a significant positive effect on Return on Profitability Assets (ROA). The coefficient of determination obtained by 0.429 means that only 42.9% Profitability Return on Assets (ROA) is influenced by Working Capital Turnover (WCT), Current Ratio (CR), and Total Assets Turnover (TATO) and the rest 57.1 % is influenced by other variables.
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NOSYRIEV, Oleksandr, and Serhii MEKHOVYCH. "Organizational and economic mechanism of current assets management of industrial enterprises in the conditions of market transformation." Economics. Finances. Law 11/1, no. - (November 26, 2021): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2021.11(1).4.
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Introduction. Analysis of current assets of the enterprise is an important process, which consists in researching and monitoring the property status and key indicators of current assets of the enterprise in the process of its financial and economic activities in order to identify ways to increase its market value and ensure effective development. The purpose of the paper is devoted to the analysis of management and financing of current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine, systematization of methods of current assets management, actualization of problems and formulation of proposals for effective financial management of current assets and substantiation of directions of current assets management in industrial market conditions. Results. The concept of “current assets” as an element of resource potential used by the enterprise and aimed at ensuring a systematic, continuous and controlled process of economic activity, consumed once to ensure the economic effect in future periods, is improved. The influence of the current assets management system on ensuring the financial stability of enterprises is outlined. The stages of the current assets management process are singled out, the main strategies of current assets financing are investigated and measures to increase the efficiency of current assets management of enterprises in modern market conditions are proposed. When optimizing the size of current assets should be minimal, but sufficient «to ensure uninterrupted financing of planned costs required for the production and sale of products of the enterprise, the implementation of settlements with contractors in a timely manner. It is emphasized that accelerating the turnover of working capital can significantly reduce the cost of production. Conclusion. The company, forming working capital, should seek to minimize the cost of capital spent on creating their value. Optimization of the composition and volume of working capital, a rational relationship between own, borrowed and borrowed sources of their formation will provide a sufficient level of solvency, liquidity and profitability, strengthening the financial condition, growth of market value of industrial sector enterprises in modern market conditions.
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Mordan, Ie, and A. Sumchenko. "THE METHODICAL APPROACH TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ENTERPRISE ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 4 (2019): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2019.4-3.
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The article deals with generalization of theoretical aspects and practical recommendations on improving the system of management of current assets in modern conditions. The management object are current assets, was studied in detail to build an effective system. The relation of such concepts as "current assets", "circulating capital" is investigated, their common and different characteristics are determined. The grouping of current assets by different classification characteristics (sources of formation, composition, level of liquidity, nature of the organization, place in the reproduction process, form of operation, location) is carried out and their value in the production process is determined. It is substantiated that the grouping of current assets is first and foremost of practical importance, allowing to build a clear system of accounting and analysis of the presence and movement of current assets and to form an effective system of their management by individual types. The thorough analysis of the concepts in the scientific literature of the concept of "management of current assets" is carried out, it is distinguished several approaches to its understanding. The researches made it possible to form an author's definition of a system of management current assets. It is determined that current assets of the management system should be based on a comprehensive approach, the components of which are the objects and subjects of management, the purpose, basic principles and functions, methods and instruments of influence, formalized quantitative and qualitative criteria for achievement of purposes, as well as factors, that shape the environment of the object. The characteristics of each element of the system is presented, including in particular the subjects and objects of management, their interaction is considered, purposes and tasks are defined. It is determined that the functions of the management system are controlling, stabilizing and analytical, and the principles on which it is built - timeliness, unity, continuity, optimality and rationality. The implementation of the current assets management system implies the implementation of a number of sequential measures in the form of certain steps, which are considered in the paper. The proposed working capital management system will make it possible to predict the long-term management strategy of an entity and to improve its overall functioning. Keywords: current assets, management of current assets, management system, current assets of the company.
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GAVATIUK, Liudmyla, and Alona PILAT. "IMPROVEMENT OF THE CURRENT ASSET MANAGEMENT MECHANISM AS A CONDITION FOR THE EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF ENTERPRISES." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 302, no. 1 (January 2022): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-302-1-32.
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The article analyzes the improvement of the mechanism of current asset management in enterprises as a condition for their effective functioning. Current asset management is a purposeful activity of an enterprise related to determining the amount of current assets, the risk of losses received as a result of a shortage of certain components of current assets, as well as related to control over their formation, use and creation of appropriate organizational prerequisites. The process of improving the mechanism of current asset management of enterprises should include the following stages: analysis of the total volume, composition, structure and efficiency of using current assets in the previous period, selection of the type of current asset formation policy, justification of the quantitative characteristics of the formulated goals, ensuring the optimal volume of all types of current assets, ensuring the optimal ratio of constant and variable parts of current assets, ensuring the necessary level of liquidity and speed of turnover of current assets, ensuring the necessary level of profitability and acceptable level of risk of current assets, selecting forms and sources of financing current assets, monitoring and controlling the current state of current assets and making appropriate corrective decisions. Improving the current asset management mechanism of the enterprise will allow managers to use it to ensure stable functioning and predict the development of the enterprise in the future. If the financial and economic mechanism of current asset management is improved, it will be possible to achieve long-term goals, as well as increase the level of competitiveness of the enterprise in the market.
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Chetin, T. E. "SPECIFICS OF FORMATION AND EFFECTIVE USE OF CURRENT ASSETS IN CONSTRUCTION." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 45, no. 3 (May 12, 2019): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2018-45-3-231-240.
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Objectives. This study is aimed at identifying the specifics of managing current assets in construction enterprises and developing a set of practical measures that can enhance the efficiency of their use.Method. In the course of the study, a system approach was taken, comparative and functional-cost analysis methods.Result. It is shownthatthe specifics of current assetformation in construction industry is to be taken into account when developing a conceptual basis for managinga construction enterprise. Methodological approaches to the estimation of current assets are described, the most effective of which facilitate the optimal choice of sources, forms and volume of attracting current assets into construction industry. A set of practical measures for organizing a system of current asset management in construction enterprises is proposed. These measures are expected to provide for the rational formation and use of all the constituent components of this system.Conclusion. The methodological approaches to the estimation of current assets, criteria for making managerial decisions, management strategy development stage sand methodological provisions for the organisation of the management of current assets presented in this papercan be used as a methodological basis for managing the working assets of a construction enterprise, thuscontributing to improved management efficiency and creating conditions for sustainable functionality. Every managerial decisionrelated to determining the level of financial assets, accounts receivable and inventories should be considered from the standpoint of both the profitability of these assets and the optimal structure of current assets, thus requiring respective management levers. The implementation of the basic requirements for the management of current assets necessitates the application of anti-risk expert-analytical procedures, including those related to the functioning of the corporate information management system.
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Virby, Shelby. "PENGARUH CURRENT RATIO (CR) DAN DEBT TO ASSETS RATIO (DAR) TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSETS (ROA) (Studi Kasus pada PT.Electronic City Tbk yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2008-2017)." JURNAL SeMaRaK 3, no. 1 (February 24, 2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/smk.v3i1.4514.
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ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian yankg dilakukan adalah untuk mengetahui current ratio pada PT. Electronic City, Tbk, untuk mengetahui debt to assets ratio pada PT. Electronic City, Tbk, untuk mengetahui return on assets pada PT. Electronic City, Tbk. Dan untuk mengetahui current ratio dan debt to assets ratio terhadap return on assets pada PT. Electronic City, Tbk. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah PT. Electronic City, Tbk.yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan asosiatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder, yang diperoleh dari situs www.idx.co.id. Pengelolaan data diolah dengan menggunakan program software Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) versi 20.0, analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear berganda, koefisien determinasi, dan uji t serta uji f. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, hasil pengujian asumsi klasik bahwa data berdistribusi normal, tidak terjadi multikolinearitas, tidak terjadi heteroskedastisitas dan tidak ada autokorelasi. Hasil dari analisis regresi linear berganda yaitu Y= 32,756 – 0,026X1 – 0,291X2 + ɛ. Hasil pengujian determinasi menunjukan bahwa Current Ratio (CR) dan Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR) dapat menjelaskan Return On Assets (ROA) sebesar 40,4% sedangkan sisanya 59,6% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak dijelaskan didalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil uji t menunjukan bahwa secara parsial variabel Current Ratio (CR) tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan terhadap Return On Assets (ROA) dimana Thitung < Ttabel (-2,167 < 2,306) Diperoleh signifikansi 0,067 > 0,05 Sedangkan secara parsial Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR) tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan terhadap Return On Assets (ROA) dimana Thitung < Ttabel (-1,871 < 2,306) diperoleh signifikansi 0,103 > 0,05 Berdasarkan hasil uji F menunjukan bahwa secara simultan Current Ratio (CR) dan Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR) tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan terhadap Return On Assets (ROA) dimana Fhitung < Ftabel (2,373 < 4,74) diperoleh signifikansi (0,163 > 0,05). Kata kunci: Current Ratio, Debt to Assets Ratio, Return On Assets
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Yulinartati, Yulinartati. "ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN SEBAGAI ALAT PREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN DENGAN MODEL DISKRIMINAN." JURNAL AKUNTANSI UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 10, no. 2 (March 31, 2015): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jauj.v10i2.1253.
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The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Current Ratio (CR), Debt Equity Ratio (DER), Total Assets Over Turen (TATO), net profit margin (NPM), Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), Return on Assets (ROA) , Return on Equity (ROE), Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Operating Profit Margin (OPM) influential in distinguishing healthy firms and perusahaa bankruptcy discriminant model. Based on discriminant analysis of known groups of healthy companies and a group of companies that went bankrupt differ significantly, from 9 (nine) variables are in use only 4 (four) variable Current Ratio, Debt Equity Ratio, Net Profit Margin, and Gross Profit Margin is selected and able to differentiate healthy companies and companies go bankrupt, while the 5 (five) of the variables, Turn Over Total Assets, Debt to Assets Ratio, Return on Assets, Return on Assets, and Operating Profit Margin are not able to differentiate healthy and bankrupt companies.
Keywords: Current Ratio ,Debt Equity Ratio, Total Assets Turen Over , Net profit Margin , Return on Assets, Return on Equity
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BONDARENKO, Olha, and Tetiana CHAIKOVSKA. "Audit of non-current assets in aviation enterprise." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 4/1 (April 30, 2020): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.4(1).3.
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Introduction. The structure of a modern enterprise is mainly characterized by the presence of a large number of fixed assets. The aviation industry is no exception, which is why most businesses in this area build their operations using a significant amount of non-current assets. Drawing on the experience of domestic and foreign companies, it should be noted that an internal and external audit is one of the most important stages of managing non-current assets. Therefore, it should be noted that the proper work of the auditor, namely the effective methodology used to carry out the procedure, the use of the optimal plan and the necessary steps, is the key to expressing an objective audit opinion, on the basis of which the company will be able to make sound management decisions The purpose of the paper is to investigate the peculiarities of construction of the process of audit of fixed assets at aviation enterprises. Results. The audit may be carried out on the initiative of the enterprise and in cases provided for by law. Three groups of auditors should be distinguished: state, internal, independent. The audit process, in order to increase its effectiveness, should be clearly planned and take into account the specific nature of the enterprise. The objectives of the audit of fixed assets are: checking the existence of assets at a certain date, checking the accuracy of registration of their receipt, use and disposal, as well as ownership of them. Checking the valuation of fixed assets. When designing the audit process, the auditor should be aware that most aviation industry entities have a large number of leased property in their non-current assets, accompanied by accounting features and nuances. Conclusion. In the course of the research it was found that audit of fixed assets of an enterprise is one of the most important processes in carrying out an activity regardless of its direction. Audit of non-current assets in the aviation industry has its own peculiarities, but properly planned and methodically constructed process of verification will eventually lead to the expression of objective audit opinion, which will become the basis for management decisions.
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Arbidāne, Iluta. "INTERPRETATION OF TERM CURRENT ASSETS IN RESEARCH AND LITERATURE OF FIELD." Latgale National Economy Research 1, no. 4 (June 23, 2012): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/lner2012vol1.4.1820.
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The quality and comparability of financial statements are determined by single and unbiased interpretation of legislative acts and their application. Latvia in its economic development has faced the influence of various economic schools, inter alia regarding interpretation and application of various notions. The article summarizes the interpretations of the terms “assets” and “current assets” in research and literature of the field; besides, the historical development of the term “current assets” in Latvia is explored. Basing on the results of the research there are formulated the definitions of the terms „assets” and “current assets” and provided suggestions for their introduction and application to facilitate single understanding of terminology.
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Buhrimenko, R. M. "THE FINANCING POLICY OF TRADING ENTERPRISES' CURRENT ASSETS." Herald of Kiev Institute of Business and Technology 40, no. 2 (June 14, 2019): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37203/kibit.2019.40.02.
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At the present stage, management of working assets at the level of trading enterprises is one of the topical issues. This is due to the peculiarities of the functioning of trade enterprises in modern economic conditions and the importance of working assets for them as a resource, investment object, part of working capital. Much of the factors that determine the state of the enterprises of trade lie beyond the scope of their management. However, an important role in determining their position is the improvement of financial management and, above all, management of working assets.
Of particular importance for trading companies is the management of the financing of current assets, because they are the main component of their commercial potential. All this determines the relevance and practical significance of research work, the goals of which are defined as the establishment of methodological foundations for managing the financing of current assets of trading enterprises in modern conditions, and the proposed materials are a continuation of research in this area.
The article describes the author's view on the structure and sequence of the formation of the policy of financing current assets in trading enterprises in modern conditions. The relationship of the system of achievement of the goals related to different levels of the hierarchy and tools of realization of the policy of financing working assets is given. It is substantiated that the tools of the realization of the phases of forming the policy of financing the current assets of the trading enterprise should be the common approaches to the processing and formation of information management.
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Hnatiuk, Alla. "A New Look at the Classification of Non-current Tangible Assets During a Crisis." Modern Economics 25, no. 1 (February 23, 2021): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v25(2021)-07.
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Annotation. Introduction. Creation of an efficient property management system is one of the main problems for the enterprise management system. The effectiveness of such a system is directly determined by the quality of information used for management. Among the tasks, which an economic entity faces, a special place is occupied by the classification of objects of accounting. Financial and tax indicators depend on its solution at a particular enterprise. In order to properly organize the economic activity of an enterprise, it is needed to know what funds it has and in what these funds are invested (placed). Therefore, the division of enterprise resources into separate groups is necessary to understand and summarize the accounting information used for financial statements. Purpose. To ensure the usefulness of information on the availability of non-current tangible assets, which is provided to users in the way of classification, the article defines the qualitative characteristics of the classification of non-current tangible assets (relevance, objectivity, reliability, content, comparison) and studies their essence. Results. The research suggests a critical assessment of existing approaches to the criteria for grouping non-current tangible assets in order to define differences between them. This has made it possible to clarify the content of the criteria for recognizing non-current tangible assets as assets of the enterprise (criteria of economic benefit, value reliability, and control). This clarification deepens the understanding of the nature of non-current tangible assets as objects of accounting. Conclusions. The research has investigated the classification of non-current tangible assets from the normative-legal and scientific points of view. It has summarized the criteria applied in accordance with domestic and foreign legislation for the classification of non-current tangible assets. The research has substantiated the importance of improving the existing classification of such assets for accounting purposes. The research has also improved classification of non-current tangible assets according to the following criteria: the ability to bring economic benefits (long-term, immature) and the method of use in the production process (consumed, fruitful), which will significantly improve the structuring of enterprise assets. Keywords: classification; resources; criteria; non-current tangible assets; fixed assets; long-term biological assets.
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Hapsila, Angga. "PENGARUH AKTIVA TETAP DAN AKTIVA LANCAR TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PADA SIMPAN PINJAM PEREMPUAN UPK GERBANG SARI KECAMATAN RENGAT BARAT." Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis 7, no. 2 (December 12, 2019): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.34006/jmbi.v7i2.153.
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This research is about savings and loans for women UPK Gerbang Sari, Rengat Barat District. The research lasted for 5 (five) months. This research try to determine the effect of whether there was a significant influence between fixed assets and current assets on income on women's savings and loans UPK Gerbang Sari, Rengat Barat District. The formulation of the problem to be investigated is whether there is a simultaneous and partial effect between fixed assets and current assets on women's savings and loan income UPK Gerbang Sari, Rengat Barat District. This research used quantitative methods, that illustrates whether there is a significant influence between fixed assets and current assets on income on savings and loans for women UPK Gerbang Sari, Rengat Barat District. To analyzed the data, this research used multiple regression, correlation coefficients, and Hypothesis testing which will be assisted using SPSS version 21. From the results of the study with the regression equation Y = 1,379,231-1,075 X1 + 0,214X2. This means: a = if the fixed assets and current assets are equal to Zero (0), then the value of income is equal to 1,379,231. The coefficient of multiple correlation R is 0.686. and furthermore tested with multiple determination Keofisie (R2 is 0.471. This indicates that (X1) fixed assets and (X2) current assets have together an influence of 47.10% and the remaining 52.90% is influenced by variables other than ( X1) and (X2). Hypothesis testing in which F arithmetic (0.891) <Ftable (3.00), then there is no significant effect simultaneously between fixed assets and current assets to income on savings and loans for women in UPK Gerbang Sari, Rengat Barat District.
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Vinnichek, Lyubov, Dina Badmaeva, and Rakhimjon R. Akhmadov. "Conceptual approach to the management of current assets of an agricultural enterprise." SHS Web of Conferences 110 (2021): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111004013.
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The most important direction in the development and implementation of the financial policy of the enterprise is the management of current assets. In the scientific article the conceptual approach based on the theoretical and methodological essence of current assets, which allowed to identify three main directions of management impacts, is proposed and substantiated. Application of conceptual provisions of current assets management is tested on practical data of agricultural enterprises of the agroindustrial complex of the Leningrad region. The use of the proposed approach will allow for quality monitoring of the state and use of the most important components of current assets, to control the provision of the enterprise with inventories, biological and financial assets, to monitor changes in the composition of liquid assets to ensure the market stability of the enterprise.
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Prodanchuk, Mykhailo, and Yuliia Bezdushna. "Accounting for non-current assets in budgetary institutions: problems and solutions." Ekonomika APK 314, no. 12 (December 28, 2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202012022.
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The purpose of the article is to identify problematic aspects of accounting for non-current assets and to suggest their solutions using information technology and documentation. Research methods. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach to the study of the processes of reflection of non-current assets in the accounting of budgetary institutions. The epistemological method is used to clarify and deepen the meaning of the concept of "non-current assets". Analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abstraction, idealization and generalization, as general scientific methods of cognition, are used to develop the basic principles of the theory, methodology and organization of accounting for non-current assets. Bibliographic and bibliometric types of analysis provided identification of trends in the theory and methodology of accounting, as well as problematic aspects of non-current assets. The method of formalization made it possible to make suggestions on how to solve the problematic aspects of accounting for non-current assets. Research results. Identifying of problematic aspects in the accounting for non-current assets of budgetary institutions allowed to offer options for their solution, which will deepen the informativeness of accounting and reporting data and ensure their accuracy, reliability and comparability. Improving the accounting aspects of the reflection of non-current assets will also help increase the effectiveness of internal control (including inventory), and thus their management in budgetary institutions. Scientific novelty. Theoretical and practical provisions for accounting for non-current assets of budgetary institutions are improved. Ways to improve the accounting and internal control of non-current assets for the needs of management in budgetary institutions are proposed. Practical significance. In order to bring the national accounting system in line with international standards and in accordance with the needs of management, it is proposed to improve the reflection in the accounting of non-current assets of budgetary institutions through the use of information technology and documentation. Refs.: 11.
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YEREMIAN, Olena. "CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT STATE OF ACCOUNTING AND AUDIT OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS AT ENTERPRISES." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 302, no. 1 (January 2022): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-302-1-34.
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Expansion of the use of intangible assets, imperfection of the legal framework and classification of objects, insufficient development of valuation methods, necessitates the improvement of their accounting and auditing. Today, the problem of developing a scientifically sound classification of intangible assets is of particular importance, which is an important prerequisite for the rational organization of accounting for this object. A critical analysis of the composition of these groups in the classification of intangible assets in accordance with UAS 8, which is the basis of sub-accounts of account 12 "Intangible assets", shows the existence of a number of inaccuracies. An important problem that needs to be solved in the process of organizing the accounting of intangible assets is the choice of forms of primary documents. The lack of standard forms of primary documents developed for intangible assets, as an accounting group of enterprise assets, does not meet modern requirements, which today are increasingly involved in business. The article, based on the study of foreign experience in the use and reporting of intangible assets, as well as its comparison with domestic enterprises, identifies the main problems associated with the use and accounting of intangible assets, and offers recommendations for their solution. The above problems are present in almost every domestic enterprise and lead to violations of the accounting process, insufficient coverage in the reporting of information on intangible assets, inaccurate assessment. The lack of valuation methodology does not allow to unambiguously determine the place of this type of economic resources in the accounting process, to represent them in the public reporting of the enterprise, especially to include them in the balance sheet to balance market and book value. Today, one of the pressing issues is to establish the value and impact of intangible assets on the market value of the enterprise. There is a need for in-depth study of existing and disputed intangible assets, the factors that affect them, the establishment and development of approaches, methods in order to objectively assess the value of the enterprise. In order to eliminate and prevent errors in the accounting of intangible assets and ensure quality audit of intangible assets in the enterprise, the article conducted a study of information support audit of intangible assets. Also, one of the promising areas of accounting and auditing of intangible assets is their implementation in the use of computer technology. Thus, the analysis of the results of research of domestic and foreign economists shows that theoretical and practical developments in accounting and auditing of intangible assets are modern and require further research and development to improve and adapt to international standards
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Mychak, Nataliya. "ORGANIZATION OF ANALYSIS OF NON-CURRENT ASSETS HELD FOR SALE." Economic Analysis, no. 29(2) (2019): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2019.02.073.
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The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the organization of analysis of non-current assets, which are held for sale at the enterprises. Especially, we have to disclose the categories of the analysis of non-current assets, which are held for sale in the process of its organization as the basic instruments in development of the effective methods for analysing such assets. The main categories of the organization of analysis non-current assets held for sale are determined. They are the purpose, objectives, subjects, information base, users, subject, and object of the analysis of non-current assets held for sale. The attention is focused on clarifying the subjects and users of such analysis and the connection «subject-user», which shows the belonging of the participant of analysis to the subjects and / or users. The tasks of each subject of analysis are highlighted. The importance of rational distribution of powers among the performers within the specialization of the subdivision the performers belong are stressed. The article reveals a qualitative analysis of non-current assets held for sale. It can be provided by economic structural subdivisions of an enterprise or by an independent auditor. It is emphasized that there is a need to create appropriate software for the analysis of non-current assets held for sale.
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Raza, M. Yousaf, Muhammad Bashir, Khalid Latif, Touqeer Sultan Shah, and Mushtaq Ahmed. "Impact of working capital management on profitability: Evidence from Pakistan oil sector." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 1, no. 1 (June 15, 2015): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v5i1.7825.
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This study explores the impact of working capital management on the profitability of the firms in the oil sector of Pakistan. For the purpose of testing this relationship data from the annual reports of the sample companies is used from the period 2006 to 2010. Cash conversion cycles (CCC), average receivable, Average inventory, average payable, and current ratio are used as a measure of working capital management, while gross operating profit is used as a measure of profitability of the firm. There are three major issues in financial management that are capital budgeting, capital structure, and working capital management. So working capital management is one of the three major issues in financial management. A commercial firm consists of two types of assets, which are fixed assets and current assets. Current assets of a firm consist of cash, bank balance, account receivable, raw material, work in process, and finished goods. While fixed assets of the business require capital expenditure and these are used in increasing the production of the business, the Current assets are used in utilizing the fixed assets in day to day transactions. Hence Current assets are regarded as lifeblood for any business firm, the play vital role in the daily operations of the business. Current assets and current liabilities regarded as are very important component of total assets and they need to be carefully managed for the long term success of the business. In this paper working capital management provide us profit by using average payable and gross operating profit but other variables in hypothesis shows negative relationships with each other.
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Yurchyshena, L. V., and O. S. Krechko. "The Macroeconomic Analysis of Financing the Current Assets of Industrial Enterprises of Ukraine." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-337-346.
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Current assets play an important role in the activity of enterprise, so it is necessary to ensure that they are provided with a sufficient amount of financial resources. Research of the present status and dynamics of current assets from the position of both directions of their investment and from sources of financing is important in improving existing management mechanisms. The article is aimed at an analysis of financing the current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine. The general components of current assets management are provided, on the basis of which the stages of further analysis are determined. The approaches of domestic scholars to the definition of concepts of «financing» and «current assets» are explored. The composition and structure of current assets are defined and their dynamics for the period 2015–2019 are analyzed. The structure of receivables is specified and the main type of receivables prevailing in industrial enterprises is defined. Calculations of the main indicators used for the analysis of current asset financing, and comparison with recommended values along with an analysis of their dynamics are performed. The importance of current capital for the successful functioning of enterprises and maintaining financial stability is substantiated. The aggregate balance of industrial enterprises for 2015–2019 is formed in order to assess the resources of financing the assets and changes in its structure are analyzed in dynamics. The structure of financing resources invested in current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine is calculated and analyzed. On the basis of the carried out research, the main problems of financing the current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine are allocated and measures to solve them are proposed. As a result, the importance of current assets in production and the need to choose appropriate resources for their financing are substantiated.
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Yurchyshena, L. V., and O. S. Krechko. "The Macroeconomic Analysis of Financing the Current Assets of Industrial Enterprises of Ukraine." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-337-346.
Full textAbstract:
Current assets play an important role in the activity of enterprise, so it is necessary to ensure that they are provided with a sufficient amount of financial resources. Research of the present status and dynamics of current assets from the position of both directions of their investment and from sources of financing is important in improving existing management mechanisms. The article is aimed at an analysis of financing the current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine. The general components of current assets management are provided, on the basis of which the stages of further analysis are determined. The approaches of domestic scholars to the definition of concepts of «financing» and «current assets» are explored. The composition and structure of current assets are defined and their dynamics for the period 2015–2019 are analyzed. The structure of receivables is specified and the main type of receivables prevailing in industrial enterprises is defined. Calculations of the main indicators used for the analysis of current asset financing, and comparison with recommended values along with an analysis of their dynamics are performed. The importance of current capital for the successful functioning of enterprises and maintaining financial stability is substantiated. The aggregate balance of industrial enterprises for 2015–2019 is formed in order to assess the resources of financing the assets and changes in its structure are analyzed in dynamics. The structure of financing resources invested in current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine is calculated and analyzed. On the basis of the carried out research, the main problems of financing the current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine are allocated and measures to solve them are proposed. As a result, the importance of current assets in production and the need to choose appropriate resources for their financing are substantiated.
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METELYTSYA, Volodymyr, and Natalia KOVAL. "PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS OF ACCOUNTING FOR NON-CURRENT AND CURRENT TANGIBLE ASSETS IN BUDGETARY INSTITUTIONS." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 3 (53) (September 25, 2020): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2020-3-15.
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This article examines the current state of accounting support for current and non-current tangible assets in budgetary institutions. The analysis of the receipt of non-current tangible assets allowed us to focus on the issue of stagnation of the value criterion when assigning the asset to fixed assets or other non-current tangible assets. The application of the value criterion is currently an imperfect method of grouping non-current tangible assets by classification groups, because the definition of an asset in some cases depends on the supplier's taxation system. The definition of this problem allowed to suggest ways to solve it, where the first proposal is to refuse to separate value added tax from the price of the asset, and the second is to determine the asset by groups based on its properties without reference to its value. Each of the proposed proposals has its advantages, but given the inflationary factors and the instability of economic processes, the grouping of non-current tangible assets should be done by analyzing the characteristics, properties of the asset without reference to its value. The second part of this article is devoted to the study of the method of disposal of stocks received as a result of intra-departmental movement within the authorized body. It is established that this type of stocks has its own specifics associated with its receipt in the field of management and use in the activities of budgetary institutions. Taking into account these factors, the article proposes to legislate the disposal of this type of stock only by using the method of identified cost of the relevant unit of stock. This will ensure the reliability of the financial and budgetary reporting not only in a particular budgetary institution, but also in general by the authorized body. The proposed improvements in the accounting of non-current and current tangible assets will improve the financial and budgetary reporting of budgetary institutions, bring budgetary accounting to international and European standards, as well as improve the quality of planning in budgetary institutions.
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KOVALCHUK, Natalia, Maia FEDYSHYN, and Artur ZHAVORONOK. "Liquidity as a criterion for optimizing the structure of the enterprise’s current assets." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 11/1 (November 21, 2019): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2019.11(1).3.
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The article investigates the optimization current assets structure of the enterprise. The assets of the company are one of the most important objects of financial management, because the condition and efficiency of their use affects the level of profitability of business activities. Undoubtedly, management decisions on current assets are characterized by a greater degree of maneuverability, which reinforces the need for increased attention to managing this type of assets. The purpose of the article is to scientifically substantiate the theoretical and practical principles of applying the liquidity criterion in optimizing the structure of current assets of the enterprise, to determine the impact of the applied criterion on the efficiency of use of current assets and their components. Decisions to improve the management of current assets should be based on key criteria, taking into account the state of the enterprise, the results of the financial analysis, which are the basis for making effective management decisions. In our opinion, one of the important criteria that determines the solvency of an enterprise is liquidity. At the enterprise under study, the liquidity indicators are not within the normative values. The proposed optimal structure of current assets, determined on the basis of ensuring the normative values of liquidity indicators, has demonstrated its effectiveness. The result of the optimization was an increase in the turnover of current assets and an increase in the efficiency of their use. Current assets forecast should become a must for financial work in every domestic enterprise. Different variants of the structure should be forecasted according to the selected criteria, based on the goals of the enterprise development and the initial conditions of its functioning.
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Kusuma, Agus Edi, Rahmat Agus Santosa, and Anita Handayani. "Effect of Current Assets on Profit Through Credit on Jakarta Islamic Index Company 2012-2014 In Indonesia Stock Exchange." Journal of Social Science Studies 5, no. 2 (May 29, 2018): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v5i2.13025.
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Companies in essence is to obtain the maximum profit. In theory of financial statements, profitability is a measure of the company in generating profits (the bigger the better). The profits are used to measure company performance. This study aimed to test the current asset of the Debt on the Company's Profits at the Jakarta Stock Exchange Index.This study uses a sample of 14 financial statements and tested using the t-test, sobel test and path analysis. Result of testing by t-test shows that the significant effect of Current Assets to Debt, Current Assets had no significant effect on Profits, and Debt significant effect on Profits.The result of sobel test shows Current Assets of a significant effect on Profits through Debt.The result of path analysis on line 1 (p1) that the Current Assets of the Debt of -0.001 indicates that the current Assets of the Profits of 0.030 (p3) that the Debt of the Profits of 36.653 indicates that the higher the Debt, the Profits will be as high as well and in line 4 (p4 ) Current Assets of the Profits through Debt of -0.0006653 show that any improvement Current Assets and Debt, it will cause Profits to fall.
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Hermansyah, Hermansyah. "PENGARUH KONDISI MODAL KERJA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS (Studi Empiris : Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar pada BEI Katagori Saham LQ 45 Periode 2007 Sampai Dengan 2011 )." Transparansi Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi 9, no. 2 (February 12, 2018): 244–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/trans.v9i2.29.
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The purpose of this research is empirically to examine the effect of working capital which is based on financial ratio and will give influence partially or simultaneously to the manufacturing stocks of LQ45 at Indonesia Stock Exchange. Financial ratios which are used to determine the condition of working capital are current ratio, working capital turnover ratio, current assets to total assets ratio and current liabilities to total assets ratio which are used as dependent variable is return on investment.The data research collected from 10 manufacture’s company in LQ45 stocks category and listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data collected from financial report from year ended 2007 to 2011. The final results shows that current ratio, working capital turnover ratio, current assets to total assets ratio, and current liabilities to total assets ratio are influence simultaneously to return of investment at the level of alpha (a) = 0.05 (sig 0.071)
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Semina, Larisa. "PROBLEMS OF INFLUENCE OF THE CURRENT ASSETS CONDITION ON THE ENTERPRISE ECONOMIC SECURITY IN THE REGION." Economics Profession Business 3, no. 3 (September 9, 2019): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/epb201938.
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Current assets play an important role in the production process, affecting the economic security of the enterprise in the region. The structure and assessment of the current assets of the enterprise is the most important part for its stable operation and development, as the level of economic security depends on a thorough study and optimization of the structure of current assets. Currently, any enterprise can face a variety of risks that adversely affect both the state of current assets and its economic security as a whole. To minimize these risks, it is necessary to ensure timely assessment of the current assets and control the reliability of information about the current assets of the enterprise.
The company needs to create an optimal structure of current assets, in which there will be enough reserves, receivables, cash, etc., to carry out a continuous process of reproduction for normal operation. It is difficult to develop and implement specific activities that are necessary to control information resources. As a result, many managers do not think about creating a reliable information security system at the enterprise. If the company does not apply measures to minimize the risks affecting the state of current assets, the consequence of this there are certain consequences that have a negative impact on all activities.
In this regard, it is important to study the problems associated with improving the efficiency of the use of current assets of the enterprise and, accordingly, to determine the ways to influence economic security.
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Ilyina, E. A., and Tu D. Mongush. "CURRENT ASSETS MANAGEMENT ALGORITHM FOR AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE." Herald of the Belgorod University of Cooperation, Economics and Law 2, no. 81 (2020): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21295/2223-5639-2020-2-132-141.
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Astrakhantseva, I. A., and I. N. Koyupchenko. "Strategic functions of current assets: Financial analytics." Financial Analytics: Science and Experience 12, no. 3 (August 30, 2019): 248–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fa.12.3.248.
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Cheatham, Carole. "ECONOMIZING ON CASH INVESTMENT IN CURRENT ASSETS." Managerial Finance 15, no. 6 (June 1989): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb013630.
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