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Academic literature on the topic 'Flood'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 March 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Flood"

Shinde Sanket and Vaibhav Shelar. "Behavior of Flood Resistant Building and Ductile Detailing of G +7 RC Building Using IS 13920-2016." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2023.9.1.0158.

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Floods are one of the most widespread and destructive natural disasters occurring in the world and with the increase in constructions along river courses and concentration of population around floodplain areas, flood-induced damages have been continuously increasing. The annual disaster record reveals that flood occurrence increased about ten folds over the past five decades. Thus, floods are posing a great threat and challenge to planers, design engineers, insurance industries, policymakers, and to the governments. Structural and non-structural measures can be used to deal with floods. Structural measures include a set of works aiming to reduce one or more hydraulic parameters like runoff volume, peak discharge, rise in water level, duration of flood, flow velocity, etc. Non-structural measures involve a wide range of measures to reduce flood risk through flood forecasting and early warning systems, emergency plans, and posing land use regulations and policies. The futuristic reinforced concrete buildings can be considered as a symbol of modern civilization. These buildings are usually constructed based on the guide lines given by the standard code books(like IS: 456:2000 and IS 13920:2016).Unfortunately, the code provisions consider the seismic loads and wind effects alone, while accounting the dead and live design loads, and exclude the flood loads. This implies the necessity to bring out corrective measures that can be adopted to reduce vulnerability before harm occurrences. In this project focuses on both the incorporation of flood loads during the analysis and design in CSI-ETABS software and the assessment of flood vulnerability of reinforced concrete residential buildings. Vulnerability is expressed as a fraction of ground floor height and maximum flood level at most immerse the building up to ground floor and first floor level. The importance of the outcome arises from the need of a strengthening solution to avoid failure of new or existing structures during floods.

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Moy de Vitry, Matthew, Simon Dicht, and João P. Leitão. "floodX: urban flash flood experiments monitored with conventional and alternative sensors." Earth System Science Data 9, no. 2 (September 4, 2017): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-657-2017.

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Abstract. The data sets described in this paper provide a basis for developing and testing new methods for monitoring and modelling urban pluvial flash floods. Pluvial flash floods are a growing hazard to property and inhabitants' well-being in urban areas. However, the lack of appropriate data collection methods is often cited as an impediment for reliable flood modelling, thereby hindering the improvement of flood risk mapping and early warning systems. The potential of surveillance infrastructure and social media is starting to draw attention for this purpose. In the floodX project, 22 controlled urban flash floods were generated in a flood response training facility and monitored with state-of-the-art sensors as well as standard surveillance cameras. With these data, it is possible to explore the use of video data and computer vision for urban flood monitoring and modelling. The floodX project stands out as the largest documented flood experiment of its kind, providing both conventional measurements and video data in parallel and at high temporal resolution. The data set used in this paper is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.830513.

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Diaz, Nicholas D., Yoonjeong Lee, Baukje L. M. Kothuis, Ismael Pagán-Trinidad, Sebastiaan N. Jonkman, and Samuel D. Brody. "Mapping the Flood Vulnerability of Residential Structures: Cases from The Netherlands, Puerto Rico, and the United States." Geosciences 14, no. 4 (April 19, 2024): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences14040109.

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Floods are consistently ranked as the most financially devastating natural disasters worldwide. Recent flood events in the Netherlands, Caribbean, and US have drawn attention to flood risks resulting from pluvial and fluvial sources. Despite shared experiences with flooding, these regions employ distinct approaches and flood management strategies due to differences in governance and scale—offering a three-site case study comparison. A key, yet often lacking, factor for flood risk and damage assessments at the parcel level is building elevation compared to flood elevation. First-floor elevations (FFEs) are a critical element in the vulnerability of a building flooding. US-based flood insurance policies require FFEs; however, data availability limitations exist. Drone-based FFEs were measured in all locations to assess the flood vulnerabilities of structures. Flood vulnerability profiles revealed 64% of buildings were vulnerable to a form of inundation, with 40% belonging to “moderate” or “major” inundation, and inundation elevation means (IEMs) of −0.55 m, 0.19 m, and 0.71 m within the US, Netherlands, and Puerto Rico sites, respectively. Spatial statistics revealed FFEs were more responsible for flood vulnerabilities in the US site while topography was more responsible in the Netherlands and Puerto Rico sites. Additional findings in the Puerto Rico site reveal FFEs and next highest floor elevations (NHFEs) vulnerable to future sea level rise (SLR) flood elevations. The findings within the Netherlands provide support for developing novel multi-layered flood risk reduction strategies that include building elevation. We discuss future work recommendations and how the different sites could benefit significantly from strengthening FFE requirements.

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Rhein, Belinda, and Heidi Kreibich. "Causes of the exceptionally high number of fatalities in the Ahr valley, Germany, during the 2021 flood." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 2 (February 10, 2025): 581–89. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-25-581-2025.

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Abstract. Over the last 40 years (1980–2020), 159 people died in inland floods in Germany. The flood of 2021 caused 190 flood fatalities in Germany, 134 of them in the Ahr valley. We investigate what made this event so deadly in order to help improve flood risk management and prevent future fatalities. A comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing the occurrence of fatalities is carried out on the basis of the death investigation files of the public prosecutor's office. This unprecedented flash flood was characterised by high water levels and high flow velocities. The extent of inundation in 2021 far exceeded the official hazard map for the extreme flood scenario. Additionally, early warning and evacuation were inadequate, so many people were surprised by the flash flood. Of the total fatalities, 75 % occurred outside of the mapped hazard zones. Particularly dangerous places were campsites, cellars and basement flats, but many people died on the ground floor (37 %) or outside on the street (18 %). The elderly above 60 years of age (78 %) and those with mobility or cognitive impairments (16 %) were particularly vulnerable. No gender-specific differences in vulnerability were observed. Thus, the main causes for the exceptionally high number of fatalities were the extreme severity of the flood and its underestimation by the population and authorities, as well as inadequate early warning and evacuation. Consequently, public understanding of the particular danger posed by flash floods must be improved, as must the development and presentation of worst-case scenarios in hazard maps. Additionally, impact forecasting can significantly improve emergency management of such unprecedented floods. Specific recommendations for disaster management are (1) that in the event of such extreme flash floods, the warning messages must focus on saving human lives – i.e. those at risk must be advised to move to safe places, e.g. to the upper floors, instead of trying to save belongings – and (2) evacuations must be initiated in good time, especially where flooding of the ground floor with high water levels is to be expected, paying particular attention to the safety of the elderly and people with limited mobility.

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Anwar, Yaskinul, Iya Setyasih, and Dika Oktoberdinata. "Adaptation strategy community from exposure floods lake in the face of floods in Semayang Village, East Kalimantan, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 986, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/986/1/012053.

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Abstract Semayang Village is one of the villages located on the lake of Semayang which is inundated every flood season. Semayang lake is a flood exposure lake, where the increase in standing water can reach >10 meters during a flood with a flood duration of >2 months. The purpose of this study was to determine the adaptation strategy of the semayang villagers in dealing with floods. Data collection techniques used the Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) method and interviews. Interviews were collected from 30 respondents in Semayang Village that were affected by the flood. The results showed that the overall adaptation carried out by the community in Semayang Village using houses on stilts with almost the same model, and some residents make terraced houses. In addition, each house has a backup board to raise the floor of the house when the flood crosses the floor of the house. there is also a floating house system attached to a tree or building around the floating house. In order to protect the house buildings from waves, a wave barrier was also built at the village entrance gate from the lake. This strategy makes the villagers of Semayang never evacuate and move from Lake Semayang even though they are always affected by flooding every year.

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Liu, Tian, Peijun Shi, and Jian Fang. "Spatiotemporal variation in global floods with different affected areas and the contribution of influencing factors to flood-induced mortality (1985–2019)." Natural Hazards 111, no. 3 (January 1, 2022): 2601–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-05150-5.

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AbstractFloods are great threats to human life and property. Extensive research has investigated the spatiotemporal variation in flood occurrence, while few have studied the heterogeneity in global flood events of different sizes, which may require different coping strategies and risk reduction policies. In this study, we analysed the spatiotemporal patterns of global flood events with different affected areas (classified in three levels) during 1985–2019 and examined the contribution of different influencing factors to flood-induced mortality using Geodetector. The results show that (1) the increase in global flood frequency was mainly caused by Level II and Level III floods, and the average area affected by flood events has been increasing yearly since 1985. (2) In America and Africa, the frequency of Level III floods has increased monotonically. At the same time, the frequency of Level I floods in Europe and Level II floods in Asia has increased significantly. (3) For Europe and Asia, most of the deaths occurred with Level II floods; while for America and Africa, Level III floods caused the most mortality. (4) The top three factors contributing to the spatial heterogeneity in flood-induced mortality were the affected population, GDP per capita and flood duration. The contribution of each factor varied among the different types of floods. Topographic factors (percentage of mountainous area) magnified flood-induced mortality during extreme events with heavy rainfall, especially for Level III floods. The heterogeneity in flood frequency and flood-induced mortality indicates that flood protection measures should be more targeted. In addition, the increase in large-scale floods (Level III) highlights the need for transregional cooperation in flood risk management.

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Lin, Zhiyu, Shengbin Hu, Tianzhong Zhou, Youxin Zhong, Ye Zhu, Lei Shi, and Hang Lin. "Numerical Simulation of Flood Intrusion Process under Malfunction of Flood Retaining Facilities in Complex Subway Stations." Buildings 12, no. 6 (June 19, 2022): 853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12060853.

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In recent years, heavy rain and waterlogging accidents in subway stations have occurred many times around the world. With the comprehensive development trend of underground space, the accidents caused by flood flow intruding complex subway stations and other underground complexes in extreme precipitation disasters will be lead to more serious casualties and property damage. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct numerical simulation of flood intrusion process under malfunction of flood retaining facilities in complex subway stations. In order to prevent floods from intruding subway stations and explore coping strategies, in this study, the simulation method was used to study the entire process of flood intrusion into complex subway stations when the flood retaining facilities fail in extreme rain and flood disasters that occur once-in-a-century. The three-dimensional numerical simulation model was constructed by taking a subway interchange station with a property development floor in Nanning as a prototype. Based on the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model method, the inundated area in the subway station during the process of flood intrusion from the beginning to the basic stability was simulated, and it was found that the property development floor has serious large-scale water accumulation under extreme rainfall conditions. Through the dynamic monitoring of the flood water level depth at important positions such as the entrances of the evacuation passages, and the analysis of the influence of the design structure and location distribution of different passages on the personnel evacuation plan, it was found that the deep water accumulation at the entrances of the narrow, long, and multi-run emergency safety passages are not conducive to the evacuation of personnel. Finally, the flow of flood water into the subway tunnel through the subway station was calculated. The research results provide certain reference and guidance for the safety design of subway stations under extreme rainfall climatic conditions.

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Worraker, William, and Richard Ward. "Modeling of Flood and post-Flood ocean floor cooling." Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism 8, no. 1 (2018): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15385/jpicc.2018.8.1.45.

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Kuang, Da, and Kuei-Hsien Liao. "Learning from Floods: Linking flood experience and flood resilience." Journal of Environmental Management 271 (October 2020): 111025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111025.

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Gaál, Ladislav, Ján Szolgay, Tomáš Bacigál, Silvia Kohnová, Kamila Hlavčová, Roman Výleta, Juraj Parajka, and Günter Blöschl. "Similarity of empirical copulas of flood peak-volume relationships: a regional case study of North-West Austria." Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy 46, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 155–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/congeo-2016-0011.

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Abstract This paper analyses the bivariate relationship between flood peaks and corresponding flood event volumes modelled by empirical copulas in a regional context in the North-West of Austria. Flood data of a total of 69 catchments in the region are analysed for the period 1976–2007. In order to increase the sample size and the homogeneity of the samples for the statistical analysis, 24872 hydrologically independent flood events were isolated and assigned to one of three flood process types: synoptic floods, flash floods or snowmelt floods in contrary to the more traditional engineering approach of selecting annual maxima of flood peaks and corresponding flood volumes. The first major part of the paper examines whether the empirical peak-volume copulas of different flood process types are statistically distinguishable, separately for each catchment. The results indicate that the empirical copulas of flash floods tend to be different from those of the synoptic and snowmelt floods in the target region. The second part examines how similar are the empirical flood peak-volume copulas between catchments for a given flood type. For the majority of catchment pairs, the empirical copulas of all flood types are indeed statistically similar. The flash floods show the largest degree of spatial heterogeneity. It is concluded that there is merit in treating flood types separately and in pooling events of the same type in a region when analysing and estimating flood peak-volume dependence copulas; however, the sample size of the analysed events is a limiting factor in spite of the introduced event selection procedure.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flood"

Thieken, Annegret Henriette. "Floods, flood losses and flood risk management in Germany." Thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/2916/.

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Die vorliegende Habilitation beschäftigt sich mit verschiedenen Aspekten des Hochwasserrisikos in Deutschland. In zwölf Artikeln werden neue wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse über Hochwassergefahren, über Faktoren, die Hochwasserschäden beeinflussen, sowie über effektive private Vorsorgemaßnahmen präsentiert. So wird die jahreszeitliche Verteilung von Hochwasser in ganz Deutschland gezeigt. Weiterhin werden mögliche Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Abflussverhältnisse und Häufigkeiten von Hochwasserereignissen am Beispiel des Rhein-Einzugsgebietes abgeschätzt. Ferner wird am Niederrhein simuliert, welche Auswirkungen Deichbrüche haben können. Hochwasserschäden stehen im zweiten Teil der Arbeit im Fokus: Nach dem August-Hochwasser 2002 wurden ca. 1700 Privathaushalte telefonisch befragt. Damit konnten die Einflüsse verschiedener Faktoren, wie der Überflutungsdauer oder der Verunreinigung des Hochwassers mit Öl, auf die Höhe von finanziellen Schäden quantifiziert werden. Daraus ist zum einen ein neues Modell entstanden, mit dem Hochwasserschäden großräumig berechnet werden können. Zum anderen konnten Hinweise für die Verbesserung der privaten Vorsorge abgeleitet werden. Beispielsweise zeigte sich, dass versicherte Haushalte schneller und besser entschädigt werden als Nicht-Versicherte. Ebenfalls wurde deutlich, dass verschiedene Bevölkerungsgruppen, wie Mieter und Hauseigentümer, unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten haben, Vorsorge zu betreiben. Dies ist zukünftig in der Risikokommunikation zu berücksichtigen. In den Jahren 2005 und 2006 waren Elbe und Donau wiederum von Hochwasser betroffen. Eine erneute Befragung von Privathaushalten und Behörden ermöglichte, die Verbesserung des Hochwasserrisikomanagement und der Vorsorge am Beispiel der Stadt Dresden zu untersuchen. Viele Methoden und Erkenntnisse dieser Arbeit sind in der wasserwirtschaftlichen Praxis anwendbar und tragen somit zur Verbesserung der Hochwasserrisikoanalyse und des Risikomanagements in Deutschland bei.
This thesis deals with different aspects of flood risk in Germany. In twelve papers new scientific findings about flood hazards, factors that influence flood losses as well as effective private precautionary measures are presented. The seasonal distribution of flooding is shown for the whole of Germany. Furthermore, possible impacts of climate change on discharge and flood frequencies are estimated for the catchment of the river Rhine. Moreover, it is simulated at reaches of the Lower Rhine, which effects may result from levee breaches. Flood losses are the focus of the second part of the thesis: After the flood in August 2002 approximately 1700 households were interviewed by telephone. By this, it was possible to quantify the influence of different factors such as flood duration or the contamination of the flood water with oil on the extent of financial flood damage. On this basis, a new model was derived, by which flood losses can be calculated on a large scale. On the other hand, it was possible to derive recommendations for the improvement of private precaution. For example, the analysis revealed that insured households were compensated more quickly and to a better degree than uninsured. It became also clear that different groups like tenants and homeowners have different capabilities of performing precaution. This is to be considered in future risk communication. In 2005 and 2006, the rivers Elbe and Danube were again affected by flooding. A renewed pool among households and public authorities enabled us to investigate the improvement of flood risk management and the precaution in the City of Dresden. Several methods and finding of this thesis are applicable for water resources management issues and contribute to an improvement of flood risk analysis and management in Germany.

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O'Hara, M. "Floods, flood damage and flood risk assessment in tropical environments : A Jamaican case study." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232974.

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Summa, Chad W. "Is the Black Sea flood Noah's flood?" Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2004. http://www.tren.com.

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Cook, Brian Robert. "Knowledges, controversies and floods : national-scale flood management in Bangladesh." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/371/.

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This research explores the views, beliefs and knowledges of experts responsible for flood management in Bangladesh. As one of the most disaster-prone nations on Earth, and in response to the neglect of power-holding experts within the existing literature, this project analyses the differences between academic accounts of flooding, labelled the ‘prevailing understanding’, and the local expertise of those responsible for management. Relative to the entrenched narrative, local experts are surveyed and an alternate interpretation is constructed using their knowledge. This combination of textual and perception-based analyses accounts for the complex interrelations between competing forms of knowing. It is on this juxtaposition that the research contributes to new knowledge. The thesis is based on research conducted in Bangladesh between November 2007 and March 2008. To accomplish its objectives, using prominent debates as entry points, academic and government sources are used to account for the lineage of the prevailing understanding. On the basis of this narrative, qualitative interviews with 54 experts explore the construction of flood management knowledge and its relationship with decision making. The experts describe and justify understandings of flood management that are contextual, adaptive and indefinite, challenging many of the assumptions associated with the prevailing understanding. The findings inform several findings: that individuals close to the poverty line are uniquely vulnerable; that disasters merge with management to produce second-generation events; and that a hybrid socio-physical context is both a product and a producer of flood management knowledge. Overall, despite the already complex issue of flooding, managers in Bangladesh consider increasingly issues as diverse as poverty, environmental sustainability and economic and human development. Given the scope of the controversy surrounding flood management, the findings show how analyses of competing knowledges, assumptions and framings can aid the interrogation of prevailing knowledge to generate original findings

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Fayegh, A. David. "Flood advisor : an expert system for flood estimation." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25069.

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Expert computer programs have recently emerged from research on artificial intelligence as a practical problem-solving tool. An expert system is a knowledge-based program that imitates the problem-solving behaviour of a human expert to solve complex real-world problems. While conventional programs organize knowledge on two levels: data and program, most expert programs organize knowledge on three levels: data, knowledge base, and control. Thus, what distinguishes such a system from conventional programs is that in most expert systems the problem solving model is treated as a separate entity rather than appearing only implicitly as part of the coding of the program. The purpose of this thesis is twofold. First, it is intended to demonstrate how domain-specific problem-solving knowledge may be represented in computer memory by using the frame representation technique. Secondly, it is intended to simulate a typical flood estimation situation, from the point-of-view of an expert engineer. A frame network was developed to represent, in data structures, the declarative, procedural, and heuristic knowledge necessary for solving a typical flow estimation problem. The control strategy of this computer-based consultant (FLOOD ADVISOR) relies on the concept that reasoning is dominated by a recognition process which is used to compare new instances of a given phenomena to the stereotyped conceptual framework used in understanding that phenomena. The primary purpose of the FLOOD ADVISOR is to provide interactive advice about the flow estimation technique most suitable to one of five generalized real-world situations. These generalizations are based primarily on the type and quantity of the data and resources available to the engineer. They are used to demonstrate how problem solving knowledge may be used to interactively assist the engineer in making difficult decisions. The expertise represented in this prototype system is far from complete and the recommended solution procedures for each generalized case are in their infancy. However, modifications may be easily implemented as the domain-specific expert knowledge becomes available. It is concluded that over the long term, this type of approach for building problem-solving models of the real world are computationally cheaper and easier to develop and maintain than conventional computer programs.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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McCord, Virgil Alexander Stuart. "Augmenting flood frequency estimates using flood-scarred trees." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185017.

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Flood-damaged trees along streams and rivers in 20 localities in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah were examined to assess the feasibility of reconstructing the frequency and magnitude of floods over the last several hundred years. Tree-ring dating of the flood damage produced evidence for 17 floods during the last 125 years, and for at least four floods prior to 1866. Most of the flood-scar dates from the historic period were found to coincide with the dates of major floods on the waterways from which they were collected, or from nearby streams. Flood damage to trees was found to be very abundant and accessible, with the most productive situation probably being that of seasonal streambeds in narrow deep canyons with relatively steep gradients. Amount of effort required to produce a flood chronology appears to be relatively small. Collections at most sites involved sampling from 1 to 5 trees, by extracting 3 to 6 increment cores from each visibly scarred tree, and 2 cores from undamaged trees to facilitate crossdating. At two sites larger collections were made, including 3 cross sections (V-cuts), which were very helpful in establishing dates of scars. For a given channel gradient, scars seem to develop only when the flood depth is above a particular threshold level. This threshold was defined by plotting scar height for scarred trees and flow depth for other floods not producing scars against the logarithm of channel slope. The scarred and unscarred individual points were separated into two well-defined fields, separated by a fairly straight line. Discriminant function analysis showed the separation to be highly significant, and classification of individual points as scarred or unscarred was usually correct. The implication of the scar threshold is that even in drainages with no gage or historical record at all, the presence or absence of flood scars on channelside trees would indicate the occurrence or nonoccurrence of floods of a certain depth over the lifetime of the trees. Basin analysis and field measurements of appropriate channel characteristics would allow this depth and the corresponding discharge to be calculated.

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Sun, Hongyong. "Investigation of flood probability and regionalization." Ohio : Ohio University, 1992. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1173275342.

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Bagwell, Anne Marina. "A synoptically guided approach to determining suburbanization's impacts on the hydrology of the Red and White Clay Creeks, Pennsylvania and Delaware /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 169 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459905411&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Zamora-Reyes, Diana. "Relevance of Flood Heterogeneity to Flood Frequency in Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347093.

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In the United States, the flood frequency analysis guidelines described in Bulletin 17B are followed to provide reliable flood discharge magnitude estimates for urban floodplain planning and flood insurance studies. The statistical analysis in Bulletin 17B has various assumptions, including that floods are generated by the same type of atmospheric mechanism (flood homogeneity). However, these assumptions should be carefully assessed before proceeding since they might not always be valid and could increase the potential for flood risk. This study focuses on flood frequency analysis from the perspective of flood heterogeneity, the hydrometeorological genesis of each flood event, in Arizona. This was done by analyzing the occurrence and magnitude of individual flood events, which were classified by their flood-producing atmospheric mechanism. Flood frequency curves were derived for each mechanism and combined using a new approach involving the Partial Duration Series peaks. The combined frequency curves were then compared to curves derived from the standard Bulletin 17B method. Results showed that in southern Arizona, the dominant flooding mechanism is characterized by brief, intense, and localized convective precipitation in the summer. However, the dominant flood-producing mechanism in the central Arizona topographic transition zone and at higher elevations is characterized by prolonged and widespread precipitation from synoptic activity in the winter. Tropical cyclone-enhanced precipitation is also an important, but infrequent, flood-producing mechanism throughout the state. Overall, the dominant mechanism does not necessarily produce the largest floods. In such cases flood heterogeneity can have a strong influence on the discharge estimates for the most extreme upper tail probabilities calculated from the flood frequency analysis. Thus, the most frequent floods may impose very little risk of flooding while uncommon floods can impose a much larger one. These results suggest that the flood homogeneity assumption is not valid in many Arizona watersheds. To produce the most accurate discharge estimates possible, it is critical that both analysts and flood managers become aware of the potential repercussions if these details are overlooked.

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Guinea, Barrientos Héctor Estuardo. "Institutional Aspects of Integrated Flood Management in Guatemala." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-234303.

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Floods are a recurrent natural disaster in Guatemala. Heavy and prolonged rainfall often results in floods that affect people’s life and property. Several institutions and policy instruments at local, national or transnational level address flood management. The purpose of this study is to provide useful insights of the institutional aspects of integrated flood management at local, national and transboundary level in Guatemala. Papers I and II, explore institutions at local level, paper III at national level, while paper IV addresses flood management institutions at transboundary level. This research found that for the local and national level, there are several institutions concerned with flood management. In contrast, at transboundary level, and especially for international rivers, flood management institutions are largely absent. At local level, the Local Councils for Development (COCODEs, the acronym in Spanish) are responsible for flood prevention and preparation. While some municipalities are active in flood prevention, response and recovery activities, their limited economic and technical resources restrict their scope of action. Local stakeholders such as COCODEs, farmers groups and other actors are largely neglected in the decision making process. The National Coordinator for Risk Reduction to Disasters (CONRED, Coordinadora Nacional para Reducción de Desastres), the Secretariat for Planning and Programming of the Presidency (SEGEPLAN, Secretaría de Planificación y Programación de la Presidencia), the Guatemalan Ministry of Infrastructure and other national institutions are in charge of planning and implementing flood management strategies, leaving public involvement of local actors mainly to public consultation. At the Central American level, the Coordination Centre for Natural Disasters Prevention in Central America (CEPREDENAC, Centro de Coordinación para la Prevención de Desastres Naturales en América Central), an institution part of the Central American Integration System (SICA by Spanish acronym), shall promote transboundary cooperation regarding disaster management, including flood management. However, transboundary flood management faces several challenges: territorial disputes and sovereignty issues over international rivers are significant obstacles to the implementation of integrated flood management programs.

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Books on the topic "Flood"

Saul, A. J., ed. Floods and Flood Management. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5.

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Moreland, Joe A. Floods and flood plains. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1993.

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Saul, A. J. Floods and Flood Management. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992.

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J, Saul A., and International Conference on Floods and Flood Management (3rd : 1992 : Florence, Italy), eds. Floods and flood management. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.

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Hye, Hasnat Abdul. Flood, 1984. Comilla: Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development, 1986.

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Resources, United States Congress House Committee on Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Water. Flood damages along the Monongahela and Cheat rivers in Pennsylvania and West Virginia as the result of severe flooding in November 1985: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Water Resources of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, second session, February 7, 1986, at Point Marion, PA. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Rājpūtu, Muḥammadu Idrīs. Sāl 2011 vāre barsātī b̤oḍu ain Sindhu jā sūru. Ḥaidarābādu [Sindh]: Sindhu Naishanal Ikaiḍamī Ṭrasṭ, 2014.

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Olin, D. A. Magnitude and frequency of floods in Alabama. [Tuscaloosa, Ala.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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), Charlotte (N C., Mecklenburg County (N.C.), and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Effects of August 1995 and July 1997 storms in the city of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. [Reston, Va.?: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flood"

Floyd, Peter J. "Reducing Flood Risks." In Floods and Flood Management, 419–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_27.

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Sargent, D. M. "Flood Management in Rockhampton, Australia." In Floods and Flood Management, 3–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_1.

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Naden, Pamela S. "Analysis and use of peaks-over-threshold data in flood estimation." In Floods and Flood Management, 131–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_10.

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Acreman, M. C., and F. A. K. Farquharson. "Flood frequency of the world’s largest catchments." In Floods and Flood Management, 145–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_11.

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Borga, M., and M. Di Luzio. "Sensitivity of a Semidistributed Hydrologic Model to Rainfall Estimation Accuracy." In Floods and Flood Management, 157–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_12.

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van Kalken, Terry, and Karsten Havnø. "Multipurpose Mathematical Model for Flood Management Studies and Real Time Control." In Floods and Flood Management, 169–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_13.

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Pelleymounter, David, and Ronald H. Falconer. "Management of the Aire and Calder Washlands -Performance Evaluation and Optimisation by Numerical Modelling." In Floods and Flood Management, 187–209. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_14.

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Sun, Y., G. Jensen, and R. Pethick. "Mathematical Modelling of the River Beam." In Floods and Flood Management, 211–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_15.

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Thompson, Graham, and Ian G. Bush. "Digital Ground Models in Hydro-Environmental Engineering." In Floods and Flood Management, 223–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_16.

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Braschi, G., and M. Gallati. "Survey and Characteristics of the Submersion Wave due to the Sudden Opening of the Bottom Outlet of Alto Mora Dam (Italy)." In Floods and Flood Management, 231–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1630-5_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flood"

Badaluta, Carmen-Andreea, Ionel Popa, Gheorghe Badaluta, and Anisoara Filip. "HISTORICAL FLOODS OF THE LOWER DANUBE BASIN RIVERS DURING THE LAST MILLENNIUM." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24, 161–68. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/1.1/s02.23.

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Most rivers in the temperate zone experience flooding due to snowmelt or heavy rainstorms. The lower Danube rivers has caused significant economic damages and in some cases even loss of human life. Understanding the relationship between the occurrence rate of Danube rivers flood events and climate change is crucial for flood risk management in Romania. Here we present a multiproxy and observational data set of floods from the lower Danube Basin Rivers over the last millennium. The results highlight that the lower Danube River floods can be divided into two periods: a period with low flood frequency between 1012 - 1490 AD and a period with high frequency of flooding in the years 1501 - 2014 AD. Floods of the Danube River occurred in the spring-summer period, but there are also some exceptions, such as when these events arise either in August-September or December-January. The number of floods increased considerably in the XX century (> 25 events/century) due to climate changes, which determined changes in precipitation regime and meteorological elements. In the last 50 years, the catastrophic floods of Romanian rivers were produced in 1970, 1972, 1975, 1984, 1985, 1988, 1991, 1996, 1998, 2005, 2008, 2010 and 2014. In conclusion, our floods reconstruction significantly contributes to the hydrometeorological events of the Central Eastern Europe database and can be used to improve flood risk management.

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Yordanova, Valeriya, Silviya Stoyanova, Snezhanka Balabanova, Georgy Koshinchanov, and Vesela Stoyanova. "FLASH FLOOD FORECASTING USING FLASH FLOOD GUIDANCE SYSTEM PRODUCTS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s12.11.

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Flash floods are defined as rapidly developing extreme events caused by heavy or excessive amounts of rainfall. Flash floods usually occur over a relatively small area within six hours or less of the extreme event with quite a rapid streamflow rise and fall. Increased occurrence of flash flood events is expected due to climate change and increase in extreme precipitation events [1]. Flash flood forecasting is still a challenge for hydrologists and water professionals due to the complex nature of the event itself. Besides having sufficient background in hydrological and meteorological forecasting as well as information about local conditions yet an adequate approach for flash flood forecasting is needed. The Flash Flood Guidance System (FFGS) is widely recognized for enhancing the capacity to issue timely and accurate flash flood warnings by providing hydrological and meteorological forecasters with real-time information and products. FFGS is based on global data as well as national hydrometeorological data and analyses. In this paper the use of the Black Sea Middle East Flash Flood Guidance System (BSMEFFGS) products for flash flood forecasting by the hydrologists at the Hydrological Forecasting department at the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (NIMH) in Bulgaria is presented. An overview of the FFGS for Bulgaria with closer attention paid to the Flash Flood Guidance (FFG), Flash Flood Risk (FFR) and the Flash Flood Threat Products is introduced. Two case studies are also presented � a flash flood in the town of Shumen and another one in the area of the village of Popovitsa on September 28th 2015.

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Aitkulov, Almas, Eric Dao, and Kishore K. Mohanty. "ASP Flood After a Polymer Flood vs. ASP Flood After a Water Flood." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/190271-ms.

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Lin, Li, Liping Di, Eugene Genong Yu, Junmei Tang, Ranjay Shrestha, Md Shahinoor Rahman, Lingjun Kang, et al. "Extract flood duration from Dartmouth Flood Observatory flood product." In 2017 6th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics.2017.8047064.

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Borota, Merita, Hatidza Berisa, and Aleksandar Drobnjak. "MODEL PROPOSAL FOR INTEGRATION OF DATA OF THE FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT TO THE DISASTER RISK ASSESSMENT." In 8th INTERNATIONAL FORUM “SAFETY FOR THE FUTURE”. RASEC, 2022. https://doi.org/10.70995/wrat9382.

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For the purposes of preparing the national Disaster Risk Assessment, risk assessments are performed for twelve hazards. One of the hazards contained in the document is flood. For the flood hazard, it is necessary to collect data related to hydrography, historical floods, assumed areas of floods in the future, areas of potential flood risk assessment and others. Also, it is necessary to identify protected values in areas of potential flood risk assessment areas. In the process of flood risk management, data collection is performed in order to make a preliminary assessment of flood risks and flood hazard and flood risk maps. The aim of this paper is to propose a model for integrating data from the flood risk management into the disaster risk assessment, in order to increase the efficiency of flood prevention. The paper analyzes the type of data collected for the purpose of developing a documentation basis for flood risk management, which can be integrated into the national Disaster Risk Assessment in case of flood.

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Stoyanova, Vesela, Snezhanka Balabanova, Georgy Koshinchanov, Valeriya Yordanova, and Silviya Stoyanova. "FLOOD HAZARD MAPPING USING TWO-DIMENSIONAL HYDRAULIC MODELING RESULTS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s12.12.

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Floods are one of the deadliest natural disasters in the world. According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), this is a consequence of the increasing frequency of heavy precipitation, changes in upstream land use, and a continuously increasing concentration of population and assets in flood-prone areas [1]. For this reason, flood prevention, and protection are a growing priority these days. Flood hazard mapping is a state-of-the-art tool for decision-makers and stakeholders when it comes to flood protection and Flood Risk Management Plans. The visualization of the various parameters (range, depths, velocities, etc.) of a flood event gives a clear vision for implementing measures that help to protect and restore the natural functions of rivers and floodplains. This article presents the different types of flood hazard maps - with either a single parameter or a combination of several parameters (range, depths, velocities, and combination of flow velocity and flow depth. For this purpose, results obtained from 2D modeling with the software product HEC-RAS were used. The digital terrain model used was provided by Drone and has a resolution of 0.05 cm. Land cover information from CLC 2018 was used to determine the Manning coefficients. According to Art. 146e. of the Water Act (New, SG No. 61/2010) [2], several scenarios should be considered for Bulgaria: low-probability floods, medium-probability floods, and high-probability floods. As a result, a number of maps with different probabilities of flood occurrence and different flood parameters were obtained. These maps were used to analyze and assess potential damage in the different flood scenarios and parameters.

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MALAHOVA, Jelena, Daina VASIĻEVSKA, and Karlis KETNERS. "POTENTIAL FLOOD IMPACT ON NATURAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT IN RIGA." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.173.

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Flood risk management is the process of data and information gathering, risk analysis and evaluation, appraisal of options, and making, implementing and reviewing decisions to reduce, control, accept or redistribute the flood risks. It is a continuous process of analysis, adjustment and adaptation of policies and actions taken to reduce the flood risk. Preventive measures and timely, reasonable flood risk prevention measures can help reduce the risk of floods and caused damages. In addition, protection against floods is primarily necessary for populated areas, especially when it comes to densely populated areas, since floods may affect a large number of citizens and their property thereby causing enormous material damage not only to the inhabitants of these territories but also to business infrastructure, respectively, it can result in significant material and socioeconomic losses. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the flood risk management theoretical and practical aspects, identify the potential impact of floods on natural and socioeconomic environment, as well as to show the usefulness of flood risk reduction measures. To reach this aim, the following tasks must be fulfilled: to give the definitions of flooding and flood risk and briefly characterise the flooding and flood risk in Latvia; to study and characterize the flood risk management legal and institutional aspects; to carry out an analytical overview of the flood risk assessment on right bank of the Daugava River in Riga; to carry out a cost-benefit analysis of flood risk prevention measures on the right bank of the Daugava in Riga.

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Mohssen, M. "An insight into flood frequency for design floods." In FLOOD RECOVERY, INNOVATION AND RESPONSE 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/friar080161.

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Alves, David, Pedro Bizarro, and Paulo Marques. "Flood." In the Fourth ACM International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1827418.1827445.

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Choi, C., J. Ahn, and J. Yi. "Flood mitigation analysis for abnormal flood." In FRIAR 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/friar100101.

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Reports on the topic "Flood"

Sett, Dominic, Florian Waldschmidt, Kerstin Bueche, Andrea Ortiz-Vargas, Eike Behre, Maxime Souvignet, Olabisi S. Obaitor, et al. Flood risks in Hue, Central Viet Nam: An assessment of flood hazards, exposures, vulnerabilities, root causes and impacts. United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security, February 2025. https://doi.org/10.53324/qzlt4709.

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With its long coastline and dense populations along rivers and coastal zones, Viet Nam is one of the world’s countries most affected by floods. Thua Thien Hue province in Central Viet Nam is one region that is particularly prone to flooding as it has two to three floods of varying severity each year, which cause significant damage to people, infrastructure and nature. To effectively reduce future flood impacts and enhance the region’s resilience to floods, it is crucial to understand flood risk drivers and how they progress to the adverse impacts. These include identifying flood-prone areas, understanding who and what is in these areas, that is, exposed to floods (e.g. people or infrastructure), and determining how exposed people and elements are vulnerable to harm from floods. However, this information is currently unavailable in the region, hindering effective risk management. This report addresses this need with insights into the complex nature of flood risks for the urban region of Hue, and recommendations for comprehensive and sustainable flood risk management and adaptation strategies at the catchment level, including risk-informed spatial development planning. More specifically, this report provides an overview of past flood events and their impacts on the region (see chapter 2), an in-depth analysis of key flood impacts on people, livelihoods, transport and water quality, including risk drivers, root causes and interconnections (see chapter 3), an outlook on future flood risks in Hue (see chapter 4), and entry points for comprehensive flood risk management and adaptation (see chapter 5). The report concludes with a summary and an outlook (see chapter 6).

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Sava, Elena, Guido Cervone, and Alfred Kalyanapu. Multiscale observation product (MOP) for temporal flood inundation mapping of the 2015 Dallas Texas Flood. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48713.

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This paper presents a new data fusion multiscale observation product (MOP) for flood emergencies. The MOP was created by integrating multiple sources of contributed open-source data with traditional spaceborne remote sensing imagery to provide a sequence of high spatial and temporal resolution flood inundation maps. The study focuses on the 2015 Memorial Day floods that caused up to US$61 million of damage. The Hydraulic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model was used to simulate water surfaces for the northern part of the Trinity River in Dallas, using reservoir surcharge releases and topographic data provided by the US Army Corps of Engineers. A measure of fit assessment is performed on the MOP flood maps with the HEC-RAS simulated flood inundation output to quantify spatial differences. Estimating possible flood inundation using individual datasets that vary spatially and temporally allow an understanding of how much each observational dataset contributes to the overall water estimation. Results show that water surfaces estimated by MOP are comparable with the simulated output for the duration of the flood event. Additionally, contributed data, such as Civil Air Patrol, although they may be geographically sparse, become an important data source when fused with other observation data.

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Amornsiripanitch, Natee, Siddhartha Biswas, John Orellana-Li, and David Zink. Flood Underinsurance. Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, December 2024. https://doi.org/10.21799/frbp.wp.2024.23.

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Becerra-Stasiewicz, Natalie, Peter Stynoski, Clint Arnett, James Christensen, Sean Morefield, Veronica Gerios, and Madison Story. Flood resilience of individual traditional building materials. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/49446.

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The Construction Engineering Research Laboratory of the Engineer Research and Development Center is addressing emergency response and disaster relief capabilities in collaboration with the National Park Service, specifically related to the flood hardening and rehabilitation of historical structures. This report describes efforts to enhance the available data for assessing the resilience of individual historical building materials against flood conditions. In the context of official classification language, the experiments described by this report intended to mimic the effects of moving black water containing mold and sewage but lacking other harmful pollutants. Methods resemble those prescribed by ASTM standards E3075-16 and D7789-12, with minor adjustments to improve variable isolation. Pieces of individual historical building materials were scientifically subjected to simulated floods containing biological surrogates of mold and sewage. Water absorption by the materials and viability of bacteria and mold were measured throughout the experiment. Additional study is required to fully understand flood resilience of historical coatings on a variety of substrates.

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Wehner, M., and T. Maqsood. Dungog Flood, 20-21 April, 2015 : Post-flood Damage Survey. Geoscience Australia, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2015.021.

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Schattman, Rachel. Farming the floodplain: New England river governance in a changing climate (Hand-outs). USDA Northeast Climate Hub, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2017.6956534.ch.

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You are worried about flood impacts from the river that borders your property. While you have considered building a levee and placing stones along the bank to protect you land and house from erosion, you do not have the equipment or expertise to do so. Additionally, you have seen water velocity in the river increase because the farmer upstream has channeled the river. You blame the farmer for putting your land and house at greater flood risk. You think that upstream land should be allowed to flood to slow water velocity and absorb floodwaters; this would protect you and your neighbors from future floods.

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FRENCH AND ASSOCIATES LTD PARK FOREST IL. Local Flood Proofing Programs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada635792.

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Sharp, Jeremey A., Steve H. Scott, Mark R. Jourdan, and Gaurav Savant. Camp Marmal Flood Study. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada558517.

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Ma, Zhegang, Sai Zhang, Chad Pope, and Curtis Smith. Flood Barrier Testing Strategies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1847910.

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Hooker, Reece. Special Report: Flood ready. Monash University, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/25fd-9310.

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Academic literature on the topic 'Flood'

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Journal articles on the topic "Flood"

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Book chapters on the topic "Flood"

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Reports on the topic "Flood"