Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flour 18

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Flour 18'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Flour 18"

1

BEUCHAT, LARRY R. "Enumeration of Fungi in Grain Flours and Meals as Influenced by Settling time in Diluent and by the Recovery Medium." Journal of Food Protection 55, no. 11 (November 1, 1992): 899–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-55.11.899.

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A study was undertaken to determine if the time elapsed, i.e., settling time, after homogenizing grain flours and meals in a primary diluent and withdrawing samples for serially diluting and plating has an effect on populations of yeasts and molds detected. Sixty samples of flour and meal were analyzed. Samples were withdrawn from the top, middle, and bottom areas of graduated cylinders containing homogenates after settling times of 0, 2, 6, and 10 min and plated on dichloran 18% glycerol agar and dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar. As the settling time between homogenizing plain and self-rising wheat flours and rye flour increased, the population of fungi detected in the top area of primary homogenates decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.05), whereas the population detected in the bottom area increased significantly. Dichloran 18% glycerol agar was clearly superior to dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar for recovering fungi from wheat and rye flours, regardless of settling time. Populations detected in buckwheat flour and in plain and self-rising corn meal were largely unaffected by settling time, sampling location, and recovery medium.
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Soesanto, Lukas. "Application of Trichoderma harzianum T10 Liquid Formula Based On Soybean Flour Against Cucumber Seedlings Damping-Off (Pythium sp.)." Akta Agrosia 23, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/aa.23.1.11-18.

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ABSTRACTProper concentration of soybean flour in the liquid formulation for Trichoderma harzianum T10 growth, its influence to suppress damping-off, and on the growth of cucumber seedlings was investigated. Randomized completely design was used in in vitro test with five treatments and five replicates. The treatments were T. harzianum T10 in Potato Dextrose Broth (control), T. harzianum T10 in soybean fluor of 1, 2, 3 and 4%. Randomiszed block design was used in in planta test with six treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of control, T. harzianum T10 in Potato Dextrose Broth, T. harzianum T10 in soybean fluor of 1, 2, 3, and 4%. Variables observed were conidia density, incubation period, disease incidence, area under the disease progress curve, maximum potentially growth, germination persentage, crop height, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, and root length. Result of the research showed that the right liquid formulation for T. harzianum T10 growth was the use of soybean fluor with concentration of 2% resulting conidia density as 67,10% compared to PDB. The formulation could suppress the disease incidence, decrease AUDPC value, increase root wet weight, crown wet weight, and root length as 66.67, 66.10, 57.36, 43.81, and 41.81%, respectively, compared to control. Keyword: cucumber, damping-off, liquid formula, soybean flour, Trichoderma harzianum
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Ghafori, Shamimeh, Reza Habibipour, and Somayeh Bayat. "Molecular identification of fungal species and evaluation of Ochratoxin A contamination in spreading flour in Hamedan bakeries." Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 43, no. 3 (June 23, 2021): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/mj.2021.053.

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Background: The presence of toxicogenic fungi and the production of ochratoxin in flour are dangerous to human health. Therefore, identification of these fungi by molecular and precise methods is essential. The aim of this study was molecular identification of fungal species and investigation of ochratoxin A contamination in flours used in bakeries in Hamadan Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 60 flour samples were collected from bakeries in Hamadan. At first, fungi were identified using phenotypic methods such as slide culture. Then, the genus and species of fungi were confirmed by PCR and sequencing of PCR products. ELISA method was used to detect ochratoxin A. Data were analyzed with GraphPad software version 6. Results: Of the 60 samples, 28 flour samples (46.66%) were free of fungal contamination and 32 flour samples (53.33%) were over fungal contamination (104 colonies/gr). Aspergillus and penicillium were the most abundant in samples. The prevalence of fungi in flour of Lavash bread, Sangak Bread, Barbari bread, Taftoon bread (Handmade), Taftoon bread (Machinal made), Stokbrood bread and Loaf bread were 50%, 46%, 35%, 31%, 26%, 18% and 11%, respectively. However, the highest levels of ochratoxin A were reported in flour of Lavash bread (3.98 ppb) and the lowest in Loaf bread (0.66 ppb). There was also a significant relationship between the fungal species and the amount of ochratoxin A production in flour of beards. Conclusion: While phenotypic and genotypic methods did not show the same sensitivity, the presence of ochratoxin in the studied flours indicated the necessity of modification in wheat storage and bakery flours.
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Olatidoye, Olawale Paul, Abdulrazak Shittu, Sunday Samuel Sobowale, Wasiu Ajani Olayemi, and Isi Favour Adeluka. "Influence of hydrocolloids addition (carboxymethylcellulose and guargum) on some quality attributes of wheat and high quality cassava flour and its bread making potentials." Hrvatski časopis za prehrambenu tehnologiju, biotehnologiju i nutricionizam 15, no. 1-2 (September 1, 2020): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31895/hcptbn.15.1-2.4.

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High quality cassava flour (HQCF) is now widely used production of baked foods in Nigeria but bread quality is impaired when it is used in the bread formulation. In order to overcome this problem, six breads samples were produced from wheat/HQCF/hydrocolloid:T0100%wheat flour(control);T190:9:CMC;T290:9:GG;T3,80:18:CMC;T4,80:18:GG;T570:27:CMC;T670:27:GG. The flour blends were analyzed for functional, colour and pasting properties while breads characteristics and sensory evaluation were performed in order to assess effect of hydrocolloids on bread. The results showed composite flour with hydrocolloids had the highest bulk density (0.704g/ml), water absorption capacity (2.98m/g), least gelation concentration (4.4g/g), oil absorption capacity (0.71m/g), while control had the highest swelling capacity (1.68g/g). Significant differences at p<0.05 were found on the pasting properties of addition of hydrocolloids with lower pasting temperature (71oC) and time (6.08 min). Bread quality attributes such as loaf volume, specific loaf volume, oven spring, crust colour, crumb colour and firmness of the fresh breads significantly improved with the addition of hydrocolloids compared with bread produced without improvers. The results show that high quality cassava flour could be incorporated up to 18% with carboxymethylcellulose at 2% level without affecting its overall acceptability and thereby enhance the potential for using locally produced flours in bread baking. Sensory score of bread from the addition of hydrocolloids were all acceptable by the panelist. The addition of hydrocolloids could be used as an effective means of improving the quality of gluten free bread.
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Gerken, Alison R., and James F. Campbell. "Oviposition and Development of Tribolium Castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on Different Types of Flour." Agronomy 10, no. 10 (October 17, 2020): 1593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101593.

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The commercial availability of low-gluten or gluten-free flours has been increasing due to consumer demands, which raises new challenges for the management of stored product insects since little is known about the susceptibility of these flours to infestation. Here we measured oviposition and development of Tribolium castaneum, the red flour beetle, a major pest of wheat and rice mills, on 18 different commercially available flours (almond, amaranth, barley, buckwheat, cassava, coconut, corn, garbanzo, millet, oat, potato, quinoa, rice, rye, sorghum, spelt, teff, and wheat) to assess the level of risk. The average number of eggs laid was highest for teff flour, with wheat, rice, buckwheat, sorghum, barley, rye, and spelt flour also having high oviposition. The lowest oviposition was for potato, quinoa, amaranth and cassava. Holding the eggs laid in these flours and evaluating the ability to develop to the adult stage demonstrated that the average number of adult progeny was highest for teff and wheat, followed by buckwheat, rye, oat, spelt, and millet. In an experiment where single eggs were placed directly in flour, the highest percentage development was in barley, buckwheat, sorghum, spelt, teff, and wheat. Time for 50% of single eggs to develop to adults was quickest for sorghum, spelt, teff, and wheat, while sorghum, buckwheat, corn, spelt, and barley had the quickest development of 90% of eggs to reach adults. There was substantial variation among the different flours which indicates variation in risk of insect infestation. As consumer interest in these flours continues to grow and these alternative flours become more prevalent in food facilities, understanding what diets insects successfully infest is critical to developing management tools.
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Cheng, Qingzheng, Charles Essien, Brian Via, and Sujit Banerjee. "Cost Savings from Soy Flour Substitution in Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate for Bonding Flakes and Particle." Forest Products Journal 69, no. 2 (January 1, 2019): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-18-00050.

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Abstract Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI) adhesive used in the manufacture of oriented strand board and particleboard can be partially substituted with soy flour for significant cost savings. The flour is about one-third of the cost of pMDI. Properties such as internal bond, wet modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture, and thickness swelling are unaffected by soy flour substitution of up to 20 percent. Adding soy flour to the regular dose of pMDI can improve board properties and reduce delamination.
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Yoganandan, Mohana, Scott R. Bean, Rebecca Miller-Regan, Hulya Dogan, Manoj Kumar Pulivarthi, and Kaliramesh Siliveru. "Effect of Tempering Conditions on White Sorghum Milling, Flour, and Bread Properties." Foods 10, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 1947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10081947.

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The effects of room temperature water, hot water, and steam tempering methods were investigated on sorghum kernel physical properties, milling, flour, and bread-making properties. Overall tempering condition and tempering moisture content were found to have a significant effect on the physical properties. Milling properties were evaluated using a laboratory-scale roller milling flowsheet consisting of four break rolls and eight reduction rolls. Room temperature tempering (18% moisture for 24 h) led to better separation of bran and endosperm without negatively impacting flour quality characteristics i.e., particle size distribution, flour yield, protein, ash, damaged starch, and moisture content. Bread produced from the flour obtained from milling sorghum kernels tempered with room temperature water (18% m.c for 24 h) and hot water (16% m.c at 60 °C for 18 h) displayed better bread-making properties i.e., high firmness, resilience, volume index, higher number of cells, and thinner cell walls when compared to other tempering conditions. Room temperature water tempering treatment (18% m.c for 24 h) could be a better pretreatment process for milling white sorghum kernels without negatively impacting the flour and bread-making quality characteristics.
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Novita, Ririn, Betty Herlina, and Lepsi Permata. "LEVEL PEMBERIAN TEPUNG BIJI KARET TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN BOBOT TELUR BURUNG PUYUH (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)." Jurnal Biosilampari : Jurnal Biologi 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31540/biosilampari.v1i2.248.

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The purpose of this study was to determine how the effect of giving rubber seed flour to the production and weight of quail eggs. Includes ration consumption, egg production, egg weight, and feed conversion, which this research was carried out in this research has been carried out Tanjung Sanai II Village, Kec. Ulak Tanding Padang. This research was experimental and carried out using factorial randomized complete variance analysis (RAL) consisting of 6 treatment levels and 4 replications and each treatment consisted of 4 quails. The treatment used is: P0: 100% Commercial ration without rubber seed flour, P1: 94% Commercial ration + 6% rubber seed flour, P2: 91% Commercial ration + 9% rubber seed flour, P3: 88% Commercial ration + 12% rubber seed flour, P4: 85% Commercial ration + 15% rubber seed flour, P5: 82% Commercial ration + 18% rubber seed flour. The results of this study used the rate of addition of rubber seed flour as much as 18% from the ration given, and significantly affected the conversion of rations and did not significantly affect ration consumption, egg production and egg weight.
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Ascheri, Diego Palmiro Ramirez, Luis Henrique Cavalcante, José Luis Ramírez Ascheri, and Carlos Wanderlei Piler de Carvalho. "Physical-chemical characterization of pre-cooked mixed rice flour and barley bagasse." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 37, no. 2 (April 26, 2016): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n2p737.

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The extrusion processing parameters, chemical composition and water content of the flour mixture may affect the structure of rice flour, leading to products with different rheological behavior and hygroscopicity. Therefore, this work aimed to study the rheological properties and water adsorption of mixed flours of broken rice and barley bagasse obtained by extrusion cooking. Samples were prepared from a mixture of grits/bagasse between 82/18 and 73/27 (w/w) with water content between 18.04 and 26.96%, using a single screw extruder. The rheological properties of the extruded flour were determined by a rapid viscosity analyzer to evaluate the cooking profile of the pastes by observing the pasting temperature, maximum viscosity, breakdown and retrogradation. The adsorption process was performed by weighing the samples stored at temperatures of 25, 30, 35 and 45 °C with water activity between 0.112 and 0.973. The isotherms were fitted using the following mathematical models: Halsey, Oswin, Smith, GAB and Peleg. The extruded composite flours were characterized by their lack of initial viscosity. The pasting temperature (40-67 °C), maximum viscosity (690-1146 cP), breakdown viscosity (0-175 cP) and retrogradation (613-1382 cP) were lower than for raw rice flour. The Peleg equation fitted well to the water adsorption data and can be used to represent the sigmoidal type II shape of the water adsorption isotherms for the extruded mixed flours from rice grits and barley bagasse.
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Forghani, Fereidoun, Meghan den Bakker, Alexandra N. Futral, and Francisco Diez-Gonzalez. "Long-Term Survival and Thermal Death Kinetics of EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coliSerogroups O26, O103, O111, and O157 in Wheat Flour." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 84, no. 13 (April 20, 2018): e00283-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00283-18.

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ABSTRACTWheat flour has been associated with outbreaks of enterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli(EHEC), but little is known on EHEC's survival during storage and thermal processing. The objective of this study was to determine long-term viability and thermal inactivation kinetics of EHEC serogroups O26, O103, O111, and O157. Wheat flour samples were inoculated with a cocktail of five strains of a single serogroup and stored at 23 and 35°C. Inoculated samples were heated at 55, 60, 65, and 70°C. Viability was determined by plate counting. Decimal reduction time (D) and first decimal reduction time (δ) values were calculated with log-linear and Weibull models, respectively. At 23°C, EHEC counts declined gradually for 84 days and samples tested positive from 84 to 280 days. The thermal resistance (Dand δ) values ranged from 7.5 to 8.2 and 3.1 to 5.3 days, respectively, but there were no significant differences among serogroups (P≤ 0.05). At 35°C, no EHEC was quantifiable by day 7 and no positive samples were detected after 49 days. Heating at 55 and 65°C resulted in δ-value ranges of 15.6 to 39.7 min and 3.0 to 3.9 min, respectively, with no significant difference among serogroups either. Z values were 12.6, 6.7, 10.2, and 13.4°C for O26, O103, O111, and O157, respectively. Thermal death kinetics of EHEC in flour were better described using the Weibull model. Survival and inactivation rates of four serogroups were remarkably similar. These findings indicated that all EHEC serovars tested remained viable for at least 9 months at room temperature and survived for up to 60 min at 70°C in wheat flour.IMPORTANCEEnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli(EHEC) andSalmonellahave recently caused several gastroenteritis outbreaks and recalls of wheat flour. Because EHEC can cause illness with very low doses and there is very scarce information regarding their ability to survive storage and heating in flour, the present study was undertaken to assess the long-term survival of EHEC serogroups O26, O103, O111, and O157 in flour. These findings are relevant, as we report that EHEC can survive for more than 9 months in wheat flour during storage. In addition, results obtained suggest that thermal inactivation at 65°C for 30 min or 2 months of storage at 35°C may be feasible strategies to mitigate the risk of most EHEC serovars in wheat flour.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flour 18"

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De, Séréville Nicolas. "Etude de la réaction 18F (p, alpha) 15O par réaction de transfert pour application à l'émission gamma des Novæ." Paris 7, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007988.

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BONNOT-LOURS, SOPHIE. "Marquage au carbone-11 et au fluor-18 d'inhibiteurs de l'acetylcholinesterase." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112361.

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Afin d'etudier l'activite acetylcholinesterasique cerebrale par tomographie d'emission de positons, nous avons entrepris la synthese et le marquage par le carbone-11 ou le fluor-18 de trois inhibiteurs de l'acetylcholinesterase. Nous avons synthetise un derive 11-c methyle de la tetrohydroaminoacridine (tha): la 11-c-methyl-tha (mtha). La tha est methylee par l'iodure de methyle apres deprotonation par l'hydrure de sodium dans le dimethylsulfoxide a 100c. L'activite specifique de la 11-c mtha, ainsi obtenue, atteint 35 gbq/micromole. Nous avons realise la synthese de la physostigmine marquee au carbone-11. Nous avons d'abord prepare l'eseroline a partir de la physostigmine. Le precurseur marque au carbone-11 est le 11-c methylisocyanate qui est obtenu par chauffage du chlorure d'acetyle marque au carbone-11 avec l'azoture de tetrabutylammonium dans le toluene. La physostigmine marquee est obtenue par reaction entre le methylisocyanate marque et l'eseroline. Plusieurs dizaines de millicuries de physostigmine marquee sont obtenues apres 60 minutes de synthese. Nous n'avons pas reussi a marquer l'heptylphysostigmine avec le fluor-18 en raison de l'instabilite de ce compose dans le milieu reactionnel
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Médran-Navarrete, Vincent. "Synthèse de nouvelles sondes moléculaires marquées au fluor-18 pour l’imagerie de la neuroinflammation par Tomographie par Emission de Positons." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112097/document.

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Les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit ont pour objectifs la synthèse chimique de nouveaux ligands de la protéine de translocation 18 kDa (TSPO), leur évaluation in vitro et le radiomarquage isotopique des candidats les plus prometteurs par l’émetteur de positons à vie brève fluor-18 (t1/2 : 109,8 minutes). Ce travail a pour finalité le développement de nouvelles sondes moléculaires ou biomarqueurs pour l’imagerie non-invasive et atraumatique par Tomographie par Emission de Positons (TEP) de la neuroinflammation, processus reconnu dans les maladies neurodégénératives telles la maladie d’Alzheimer, de Parkinson, la sclérose en plaque et certaines maladies psychiatriques.Le radioligand de choix pour l’imagerie de la TSPO est actuellement le [18F]DPA-714, une pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine marquée au fluor-18 récemment développée au laboratoire. Cependant, cette molécule subit in vivo la perte rapide de l’atome de fluor radioactif par rupture du motif fluoroalkoxy comme démontrée lors de l’étude de son métabolisme. Mon projet de thèse a donc visé à concevoir et développer de nouveaux dérivés structurellement proches de DPA-714 (analogues) pour lesquelles la liaison entre le squelette principal et le fluor-18 serait renforcée. C’est dans ce cadre que dix-neuf composés ont été préparés et évalués pour leur affinité pour la TSPO, et que deux candidats prometteurs, DPA-C5yne et CfO-DPA-714, ont été radiomarqués au fluor-18 avec de bons rendements radiochimiques (20-30 %) et de hautes radioactivités spécifiques (50-90 GBq/µmol). Ces radioligands ont également été évalués in vivo par imagerie TEP et présentent, chez l’animal, des performances équivalentes voire légèrement supérieures à [18F]DPA-714
The work presented in this manuscript aims to describe the synthesis of new ligands of the translocation protein 18 kDa (TSPO), their in vitro evaluation and, for the most promising candidates, their isotopic radiolabelling with the short-lived positron emitter fluorine-18 (t1/2 : 109.8 minutes). The ultimate goal of this work consists in developing new molecular probes, or biomarkers, for imaging neuroinflammation in a non-invasive and atraumatic manor using Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Neuroinflammatory processes have been identified in Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, MS and various psychiatric pathologies.The radioligand of choice for imaging TSPO is currently [18F]DPA-714, a pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine radiolabelled with fluorine-18 which has been recently prepared in our laboratories. However, [18F]DPA-714 undergoes a rapid in vivo loss of the radioactive fluorine by cleavage of the fluoroalkoxy chain as demonstrated in metabolic studies. Therefore, my PhD project aimed to design and develop new structurally related analogues of DPA-714 where the linkage between the main backbone and the fluorine-18 would be reinforced. To this extent, nineteen compounds were prepared and their affinity towards the TSPO was evaluated. Two promising candidates, coded DPA-C5yne and CfO-DPA-714, were radiolabelled with fluorine-18 with good radiochemical yields (20-30 %) and high specific radioactivities (50-90 GBq/µmol). These radioligands were also evaluated by PET imaging at the preclinical stage and displayed equivalent or slightly improved results when compared to [18F]DPA-714
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Pauton, Mathilde. "Radiosynthèse de 3/5-[18F]-fluoropyridines à partir de précurseurs iodoniums." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC280.

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Le motif fluoropyridine est très fréquent dans les molécules d’intérêt thérapeutique et diagnostique pour l’imagerie par tomographie par émission de positons. Bien que les 3/5-[18F]fluoropyridines soient a priori plus stables in vivo que leurs analogues radiofluorés en position 2, 4 ou 6, leur radiosynthèse par voie nucléophile à partir du [18F]fluorure reste difficile et peu documentée. Dans ce contexte, les travaux ont porté sur l’étude du radiomarquage au fluor-18 de 3/5-fluoropyridines par radiofluoration de précurseurs iodoniums. Dans une première partie, la préparation d’une vingtaine de sels de iodonium possédant une structure pyridine ou pyridinium différemment substituée, a été mise au point. Une seconde partie a été dédiée à l’optimisation de la réaction de radiofluoration des sels de iodoniums. Cette étude a conduit à la mise en évidence du rôle important du TEMPO et de la base K2CO3 dans cette réaction. Enfin, la dernière partie a été consacrée à la radiosynthèse de 3/5-[18F]fluoropyridines portant des groupements carboxamides ou aminés par une approche multi-étape. L’ensemble des résultats ont montré que la radiofluoration de triflates de iodonium en présence de TEMPO était une méthode efficace, générale et robuste de radiosynthèse de 3/5-[18F]fluoropyridines. Cette méthode a été transposée avec succès sur deux automates de synthèse
The fluoropyridinyl moieties have become of increasing importance in the development of drug candidates as well as of radiotracers for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging after radiolabeling with fluorine-18. Although 3/5-[18F]fluoropyridines are more stable in vivo than their 2,4 or 6 radiofluorinated analogues, their radiosynthesis by nucleophilic pathway from cyclotron produced [18F]fluoride remains difficult and poorly documented. In this context, the work focused on the development of a robust and general route to 3/5-[18F]fluoropyridines based on the radiofluorination of iodonium precursors. In a first part, the preparation of about twenty iodonium salts containing a pyridine or pyridinium scaffold, has been developed. A second part was devoted to the optimization of the radiofluorination reaction of iodonium salts. This study highlighted the important role of TEMPO and K2CO3 in this reaction. Finally, the last part was dedicated to the radiosynthesis of 3/5-[18F]fluoropyridines bearing carboxamide or amine groups according to a multistep approach. All the results showed that radiofluorination of iodonium triflates in the presence of TEMPO was an efficient, general and robust method for the radiosynthesis of 3/5-[18F]fluoropyridines. This method was also successfully transposed on two automated systems
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Kienzle, Gabriele J. "Elektrochemische 18 F-Fluorierung als neuer Ansatz zur Synthese aromatischer PET-Radiopharmaka." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10236355.

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Pretze, Marc. "Entwicklung von Radiotracern für die radiopharmakologische Charakterisierung von Eph-Rezeptoren." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-148062.

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Eph receptors are known to be overexpressed in various types of cancer and are therefore promising targets for tumor cell imaging by positron emission tomography (PET). In this regard, imaging could facilitate the early detection of Eph-overexpressing tumors, monitoring responses to therapy directed toward Eph, and thus improvement in patient outcomes. This work report the synthesis and evaluation of several fluorine-18-labeled peptides containing the SNEW and SWLAY amino acid motif, with high affinity for the EphA2 and B2 receptor, for their potential as radiotracers in the non-invasive imaging of cancer using PET. For the purposes of radiofluorination, EphA2- and EphB2-antagonistic peptides were varied at the C-terminus by the introduction of L-cysteine, and further by alkyne- or azide-modified amino acids. In addition, two novel bifunctional and bioorthogonal labeling building blocks [18F]AFP and [18F]BFP were applied, and their capacity to introduce fluorine-18 was compared with that of the established building block [18F]FBAM. Copper-assisted Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, which belongs to the set of bioorthogonal click chemistry reactions, was used to introduce both novel building blocks into azide- or alkyne-modified peptides under mild conditions. Finally, the depletion of copper immediately after radiolabeling is a highly important step of this novel methodology.
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Vala, Christine. "Synthèse de groupements prosthétiques glucidiques : vers de nouveaux traceurs peptidiques pour l'imagerie par tomographie par émission de positons (TEP)." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10031/document.

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L’utilisation de peptides ou de protéines radiomarquées au fluor-18, comme radiotraceurs pour l’imagerie par Tomographie par Emission de Positons (TEP) est en plein essor. C’est ainsi que l’objectif de notre travail a été de concevoir et de synthétiser de nouveaux groupements prosthétiques de nature glucidique, analogues du 2-Fluoro-2-[18F]désoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG). La particularité de ces derniers, est qu’ils sont porteurs de motifs azides afin de les lier de façon simple et efficace à des biomolécules fonctionnalisées par des groupements alcynes via la réaction de Huisgen ou réaction de « click chemistry ». Le premier objectif de ce travail a été d’étudier la position idéale d’introduction du motif azide sur le FDG, soit sur la position C-1, soit sur la position C-6. Deux stratégies de synthèse différentes ont été développées pour aboutir à deux générations de précurseurs de marquage et à leurs références froides, permettant ainsi d’évaluer l’étape d’incorporation du fluor-18. Le second objectif a été d’introduire un groupement propargyle sur la phénylalanine, la cystéine et le glutathion afin de réaliser le couplage par click chemistry avec le meilleur groupement prosthétique obtenu
The use of peptides or proteins labeled with fluorine-18, as agents for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a rapidly growing field. Thus, the objective of our work was to create and to synthesize new glycosyl prosthetic groups, which are analogs of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG). The particularity of these compounds is their azide moiety which enables a simple and efficient ligation with alkynylated amino acids via a Huisgen type reaction or “click Chemistry”. The first goal was to study the ideal position for the introduction of the azide moiety on the sugar, either at the C-1 or C-6 position. In order to evaluate the incorporation of fluorine-18, two different strategies were developed to obtain two generations of labeled precursors and cold references. The second objective was to synthesize alkynylated phenylalanine, cysteine and gluthation derivatives to test the “click Chemistry” ligation method with the best prosthetic group
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Priem, Thomas. "Développement et automatisation de la synthèse de nouveaux groupements prosthétiques pour le radiomarquage au fluor-18 de macromolécules." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUES050.

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La Tomographie par Emission de Positons s’est imposée comme l'une des techniques d’imagerie moléculaire les plus efficaces pour la visualisation et la compréhension de cibles et/ou phénomènes biologiques. En effet, son excellente sensibilité et les perturbations structurales minimes apportée au composés radio-marqués suite à l’introduction d’un radio-isotope, font que cette technique est potentiellement applicable à tous types de cibles. Par exemple, dans le cas de substrats sensibles, tels que des peptides ou protéines, l’introduction dans des conditions douces du radio-isotope est réalisée via l'emploi de groupements prosthétiques. L’intérêt que suscite cette technique s’est notamment traduit par la création de traceurs bi-modaux associant la TEP à d’autres techniques d’imagerie complémentaires. Au cours de cette thèse, de nouveaux groupements prosthétiques à base d’unités sultones ont été synthétisés. Les propriétés avantageuses des sultones ont pu être exploitées pour la mise au point de radio-synthèses automatisées de ces groupements prosthétiques. Ces derniers ont alors pu être appliqués au radio-marquage d’un peptide d’intérêt. Nos efforts de recherche se sont ensuite concentrés sur la synthèse de fluorophores fluorés. Nous avons notamment développé une méthode générale pour le radio-marquage, mais également l’hydrosolubilisation, de fluorophores aminés au moyen d’une réaction d’acylation efficace. Cette nouvelle stratégie a été appliquée à la préparation d’une cyanine radio-fluorée dont les propriétés spectrales en font un bon candidat pour des applications in vivo
Positron Emission Tomography has emerged as a major technique of molecular imaging for the visualization and understanding of biological targets or phenomena. Indeed, thanks to its excellent sensitivity and the minor structural modifications of the radio-labeled compounds following introduction of the selected radio-isotope, there is almost no limitation in terms of targeted substrates. For example, in the case of sensitive substrates such as peptides or proteins, which are increasingly proposed as biological targets, the introduction of the radio-isotope under mild conditions is ensured by means of a prosthetic group. As a proof of its interest, PET has now been combined with other imaging techniques, such as fluorescent optical imaging or MRI, to build bimodal sensors. This growing area represents a breakthrough in the field of molecular imaging. During this PhD work, new prosthetic groups based on sultones units were synthesized. The advantageous properties of sultones have been used for the automated radio-syntheses of these prosthetic groups, which could be applied to the radio-labeling of a bio-relevant peptide. Our research interests then focused on the synthesis of fluorinated organic fluorophores, as preliminary work for the preparation of bimodal sensors. We especially designed a general way to radio-label and water-solubilize amino-based fluorophores through an efficient acylation reaction involving a previously-designed prosthetic group. This new strategy was applied for the preparation of a radio-fluorinated cyanine whose spectral properties are suitable for in vivo application
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Nordeman, Patrik. "Development of Palladium-Promoted 11C/12C-Carbonylations and Radiosynthesis of Amyloid PET Ligands." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Plattformen för preklinisk PET, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-213863.

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In the first part of this thesis, palladium(0)-catalyzed and -mediated carbonylations are discussed. Paper I describes a new method for the safe, efficient use of a solid carbon monoxide source in the synthesis of primary and secondary benzamides. In total, 35 benzamides were synthesized from aryl iodides (20 examples, 69-97% yield) and aryl bromides (15 examples, 32-93% yield). Reduction-prone groups were used successfully in the reactions. In paper II, the same protocol was adopted for the palladium(0)-catalyzed synthesis of N-cyanobenzamides from aryl iodides/bromides, carbon monoxide and cyanamide. In total, 22 N-cyanobenzamides were synthesized (42-88% yield). The radiosynthesis of [11C]N-cyanobenzamides is discussed in paper III. In total, 22 compounds were synthesized from various aryl halides in 28-79% decay corrected radiochemical yield. The protocol was then applied to the radiosynthesis of [11C]N-cyanobenzamide analogs of flufenamic acid and dazoxibene. In the second part of this thesis, compounds of interest in relation to amyloid diseases are discussed. Paper IV describes the solid-phase synthesis of BACE-1 enzyme inhibitors containing secondary and tertiary hydroxyl as the transition state isostere. In total, 22 inhibitors were synthesized. The most potent compound (IC50= 0.19 µM) was co-crystallized at the active site of the enzyme to reveal a new binding mode. In paper V, the evaluation of a potent BACE-1 inhibitor as a potential radiotracer for use in PET is described. The radiolabeled [11C]BSI-IV was obtained in 29±12% decay corrected radiochemical yield by a three-component palladium(0)-mediated aminocarbonylation. Its properties as a potential PET tracer were investigated in vitro by autoradiography and in vivo in rats using small animal PET-CT. A new class of amyloid-binding PET ligands is described in paper VI. Three polythiophenes were labeled with carbon-11 or fluorine-18 (26-43% decay-corrected radiochemical yield). The in vitro studies showed that these ligands bind specifically to amyloid deposits. In vivo PET showed low uptake in the organs of interest in healthy rats and a monkey. These results suggest the labeled thiophenes derivatives could be useful as PET tracers for the study of amyloid diseases.
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Morlot, Marine. "Développement de la radiosynthèse de la [¹¹C] sulfasalazine et du radiomarquage au fluor-18 d'aminoesters via un aziridinium pour l'imagerie TEP." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC253.

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Les transporteurs d’acides aminés sont très souvent surexprimés au niveau des cellules tumorales et représentent une cible moléculaire privilégiée pour l’imagerie TEP (Tomographie par Emission de Positons) des cancers. Dans le but d’accéder à des radiotraceurs spécifiques de ces transporteurs, les travaux de thèse ont consisté à mettre au point - dans une première partie, une nouvelle méthode de marquage au fluor-18 d’acides aminés fluorés basée sur la déoxyradiofluoration de précurseurs hydroxyaminoesters, via un intermédiaire aziridinium, - et dans une seconde partie, le marquage au carbone-11 de la sulfasalazine, un inhibiteur sélectif des transporteurs Xc-. La réaction de déoxyradiofluoration des hydroxyaminoesters de structure sérine, méthylsérine ou hydroxyphénylalanine, facilement accessibles et stables, a permis d’obtenir à température ambiante les [18F]fluoroaminoesters correspondants avec efficacité et reproductibilité. La régiosélectivité de la réaction a été trouvée dépendante des substituants du cycle aziridinium et de la fonction amine. La radiosynthèse de la [11C]-sulfasalazine a été réalisée avec succès par couplage d’un sel de diazonium approprié avec l’acide [11C]salicylique obtenu par réaction de [11C]carboxylation d’un précurseur bismagnésien issu du iodophénol. L’automatisation de cette radiosynthèse est en cours d’optimisation afin de produire la [11C]sulfasalazine en quantité suffisante pour réaliser les études in vivo
Aminoacid transporters are often overexpressed in tumour cells and they represent molecular targets of choice for cancer imaging by Positron Emission Tomography (PET). In order to access to specific radiotracers of these transporters, the thesis project aimed at developing – in a first part, a new 18F-radiolabeling method of fluoroaminoacids based on deoxyradiofluorination of hydroxyaminoester precursors via an aziridinium intermediate – and in a second part, the radiolabelling with carbon-11 of sulfasalazine, an selective inhibiter of Xc- transporters. Deoxyradiofluorination reaction of stable and easily accessible hydroxyaminoesters possessing a serine, methylserine or hydroxyphenylalanine moiety, led to [18F]fluoroaminoesters at room temperature in high and reproducible radiochemical yields. Regioselectivity was function of the substituents on aziridinium ring and amine function. The radiosynthesis of [11C]sulfasalazine has been successfully achieved by coupling reaction of an appropriate diazonium salt with [11C]salicylic acid, obtained by [11C]carboxylation of a bismagnesium precursor from iodophenol. The automation of the radiosynthesis is in progress to produce [11C]sulfasalazine for in vivo studies
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Books on the topic "Flour 18"

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Mühlenrecht im Herzogtum Pfalz-Zweibrücken während des 18. Jahrhunderts: Ein Beitrag zum Wirtschaftsrecht eines deutschen Kleinstaates im Alten Reich. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1998.

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Halsted, Elijah L. Green corn, fresh beef, and sick flour: The Civil War diary of Corporal Elijah L. Halsted : Captain Henshaw's Independent Battery, Illinois Light Artillery, eastern Tennessee campaign, August 18, 1863 through December 31, 1863. Gladstone, MO: C.L. Childs, 1999.

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Center), National Shelter Indicators Round Table Consultation and Worskhop (1993 Allied Bank. National Shelter Indicators Round Table Consultation and Workshop, May 18-19, 1993, HUDCC Conference Room, 10th Floor, Allied Bank Center, Ayala Avenue, Makati: Final report. Makati City, Philippines: The Council, 1993.

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United States. Congress. Joint Committee on the Organization of Congress. Floor deliberations and scheduling: Hearings before the Joint Committee on the Organization of Congress, One Hundred Third Congress, first session ... May 18, 20, and 25, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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Commission, United States Sentencing. Public hearing, the United States Sentencing Commission: In re recently-published preliminary draft of sentencing guidelines for the federal courts : Ceremonial Courtroom, 19th floor, Federal Building, 450 Golden Gate Avenue, San Francisco, California 94102, Tuesday, November 18, 1986, 10:00 o'clock a.m. [Washington, D.C.?]: The Commission, 1986.

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Binchy, Maeve. Echoes 18-Copy Floor. Dell, 1997.

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Klein, Edward. Farewell, Jackie 18-copy floor. Penguin Mass Market, 2005.

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Blowout 18-copy solid floor. Jove, 2005.

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Leon, Donna. Doctored Evidence 18-copy floor. Penguin (Non-Classics), 2005.

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Lackey, Mercedes. Serpent's Shadow 18-copy floor. DAW, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flour 18"

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Ortega, Ana I., Francisco Ruiz, Miguel A. Martín, Alfonso Benito-Calvo, Marco Vidal, Lucía Bermejo, and Theodoros Karampaglidis. "Prehistoric Human Tracks in Ojo Guareña Cave System (Burgos, Spain): The Sala and Galerías de las Huellas." In Reading Prehistoric Human Tracks, 317–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60406-6_17.

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AbstractIn 1969, members of Grupo Espeleológico Edelweiss discovered the Sala and Galerías de las Huellas in Ojo Guareña Cave system (Burgos, Spain). These contained hundreds of ancient human footprints, preserved in the soft sediment on the floor. These footprints represent the tracks of a small group of people who walked barefoot through these complex passages in the cave. Owing to the difficult compatibility of the documentation and preservation of these prints, it was not possible to study them before the development of new non-invasive remote sensing techniques. However, since 2012 optical laser scanning and digital photogrammetry have been used in Galerías de las Huellas, in combination with GIS techniques, to obtain a model of the cave floor, where the footprints and their internal morphology can be observed in detail. We have identified over 1000 prehistoric human footprints and at least 18 distinct trackways through the passages, which could have been left by around 8–10 individuals. Since 2016, an archaeological field study has been conducted in this sector, in order to determine and explore its surrounding area and find other archaeological evidence that may be directly associated with these tracks. Numerous remains of torches are preserved on the walls and floor in the immediate surroundings of the footprint sites. Some of them have been dated, which has revealed the intensive use of this underground landscape from the Upper Palaeolithic to the Mesolithic-Neolithic. However, the remains in Sala and Galerías de las Huellas date solely to the Chalcolithic, around 4300 calBP.
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Klever, P., R. Bares, J. Faß, U. Büll, and V. Schumpelick. "Zur Wertigkeit der Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie (PET) mit 18-Fluor Desoxyglucose (18-FDG) zur Differentialdiagnose von Pankreascarcinom/Pankreatitis: Erste klinische Erfahrungen." In Chirurgisches Forum ’92 für experimentelle und klinische Forschung, 11–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77389-1_3.

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Trollope, Anthony. "Chapter 18 the bishop of barchester is crushed." In The Last Chronicle of Barset. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780199675999.003.0019.

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Who inquires why it is that a little greased flour rubbed in among the hair on a footman’s head,—just one dab here and another there,—gives such a tone of high life to the family! And seeing that the thing is so easily done, why...
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Trollope, Anthony. "Chapter 18 the bishop of barchester is crushed." In The Last Chronicle of Barset. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199675999.003.0019.

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Who inquires why it is that a little greased flour rubbed in among the hair on a footman’s head,—just one dab here and another there,—gives such a tone of high life to the family! And seeing that the thing is so easily done, why...
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"NOTES." In Taking the Floor, 301–8. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvdf0jcs.18.

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"Bibliography." In Dance Floor Democracy, 351–64. Duke University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv125jpmj.18.

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"Case histories." In Specialist Floor Finishes, 127–39. Routledge, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203168851-18.

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"Studio floor staff." In Studio and Outside Broadcast Camerawork, 42–43. Routledge, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780080518084-18.

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"Imposed floor loads." In Building Construction Handbook, 52. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315780320-18.

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"Orthotropic Floor System." In Design of Welded Steel Structures, 234–45. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18974-18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flour 18"

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Emeruwa, Chibuisi Henry, and Ngozi Felicia Anurudu. "Performance of pregnant West African Dwarf ewes fed diets supplemented with varying levels of fossil shell flour." In 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/iles.18-158.

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Borchardt, D., A. Lesikov, T. Lindner, A. Altmann, FL Giesel, C. Kratochwil, C. Kleist, et al. "Fluor-18-markierte FAPI-Tracer für die PET-Bildgebung." In NuklearMedizin 2020. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1708428.

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Yan, Xiaojie, Qiang Zhang, and Laurie Connor. "Effect of Slatted Floor Configuration on Air Quality and Floor Cleanliness in a Sow Barn." In 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/iles.18-072.

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Næss, Geir, Knut Egil Bøe, and Lars Erik Ruud. "Floor cleanliness in dairy freestall barns." In 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/iles.18-103.

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Willmann, M., BD Zlatopolskiy, L. Donnerstag, EA Urusova, H. Endepols, and B. Neumaier. "3-Aza-6—F-18-fluor-isatosäureanhydride (F-18-AFIAs) - neue leicht zugängliche prosthetische Gruppen für die indirekte Radiomarkierung." In NuklearMedizin 2021 – digital. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1726694.

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Kiyota, Yoji. "Session details: Floor Plan Analyses." In ICMR '18: International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3257356.

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Palacios, Joahnn H., Stéphane Godbout, Sébastien Turcotte, and Marie-Aude Ricard. "Impact of Slatted Floor on Ammonia Emissions in Fattening Swine Housing." In 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/iles.18-061.

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Miller, John P., Jason N. Richards, and Kord J. Wissmann. "Analysis of Uniformly Loaded Floor Slabs Supported by Rammed Aggregate Pier Elements." In Geo-Denver 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40916(235)18.

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Butz, Christiane, Oliver Hechler, Heiko Trumpf, and Markus Feldmann. "Load-Deformation – and Vibration-Behaviour of New Types of Composite Slim-Floor Slabs." In Fifth International Conference on Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40826(186)18.

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Bøe, Knut E., Evelyn J. S, Hall, and Greg M. Cronin. "<i>Farrowing pen design and pen floor cleanliness</i>." In 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/iles.18-097.

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Reports on the topic "Flour 18"

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Sun-Illuminated Sea Floor Topography of Quadrangle 18 in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Off Boston, Massachusetts. US Geological Survey, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/i2718.

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