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Journal articles on the topic 'Flow rating curve'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Saadon, Azlinda, Nur Anim Abdul Manaf, Duratul Ain Tholibon, Norashikin Ahmad Kamal, and Ahmad Ihsan Yassin. "Best Practice Approach to Stage-Discharge Rating Curve: Case Study of Selected Rivers in Selangor." Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology 2, no. 2 (2023): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jscet.v2i2.49-64.

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A stage-discharge rating curve represents the relationship between the water level at a given point in a stream and a corresponding volumetric rate of flow. It is widely used for the analysis of flow regimes, designing hydraulic structures, flood forecasting, flow-sediment interaction and prediction, and river channel analysis. The reliability and stability of the stage-discharge rating curve are based on numerous numbers of discharges and stage data from the lowest to the highest bank full stage observed over a long period of time. Stage-discharge rating curves contribute to reliable discharg

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2

Baffaut, Claire, E. John Sadler, and Fessehaie Ghidey. "A Methodology to Reduce Uncertainties in the High-Flow Portion of a Rating Curve." Transactions of the ASABE 57, no. 3 (2014): 803–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.57.10383.

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Abstract. Streamflow monitoring typically relies on the establishment of a rating curve that describes the relationship between stage and streamflow. This rating curve is based on direct and indirect measurements of discharge at various stages and application of open-channel hydraulics principles. Potential measurement errors increase with out-of-bank flow conditions because of difficulties in measuring flow velocity and flow depth during increased stages. With increasing frequency of large rain events attributed to climate change, it becomes critical to have an accurate rating curve for flood

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3

Shah, Shoukat Ali, Madeeha Kiran, and Komal Qasim. "GENERATING RATING CURVE AND RATING TABLE OF GOLARCHI MINOR." Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE) 3, no. 1 (2022): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2022.10.14.

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Hydrologists must have huge theoretical and practical knowledge of irrigation networks such as rivers, canals, streams, channels, and minors. Because whole irrigation system relies on a gauge and discharges relationship which is essential for controlling floods, water resource management, and hydrologic modeling. The true and consistent figures of flow rate in the irrigation system are important for irrigation water efficiency. Mostly, Hydrologic modeling activities like hydraulic structures, designs, and management of surplus water in canals are subjected to the flow of irrigation water which

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4

Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, and Pierluigi Claps. "A hydraulic study on the applicability of flood rating curves." Hydrology Research 42, no. 1 (2011): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2010.098.

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Several hydrological studies have shown that river discharge records are affected by significant uncertainty. This uncertainty is expected to be very high for river flow data referred to flood events, when the stage–discharge rating curve is extrapolated far beyond the measurement range. This study examines the standard methodologies for the construction and extrapolation of rating curves to extreme flow depths and shows the need of proper approaches to reduce the uncertainty of flood discharge data. To this end, a comprehensive analysis is performed on a 16km reach of the River Po (Italy) whe

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Dottori, F., M. L. V. Martina, and E. Todini. "A dynamic rating curve approach to indirect discharge measurement." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 6, no. 1 (2009): 859–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-6-859-2009.

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Abstract. The operational measurement of discharge in medium and large rivers is mostly based on indirect approaches by converting water stages into discharge on the basis of steady-flow rating curves. Unfortunately, under unsteady flow conditions, this approach does not guarantee accurate estimation of the discharge due, on the one hand, to the underlying steady state assumptions and, on the other hand, to the required extrapolation of the rating curve beyond the range of actual measurements used for its derivation. Historically, several formulas were proposed to correct the steady-state disc

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Dottori, F., M. L. V. Martina, and E. Todini. "A dynamic rating curve approach to indirect discharge measurement." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 6 (2009): 847–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-847-2009.

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Abstract. The operational measurement of discharge in medium and large rivers is mostly based on indirect approaches by converting water stages into discharge on the basis of steady-flow rating curves. Unfortunately, under unsteady flow conditions, this approach does not guarantee accurate estimation of the discharge due, on the one hand, to the underlying steady state assumptions and, on the other hand, to the required extrapolation of the rating curve beyond the range of actual measurements used for its derivation. Historically, several formulae were proposed to correct the steady-state disc

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7

Amin, Md Abdullah Al. "Rating Curve Pattern in a Compound Meandering Channel Flow." Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science 2, no. 3 (2013): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20130203.11.

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8

Eloumou, Landry Mballa, and Ypou Berenger. "Analysis of the Capacity of a Double Rating Curve to Reproduce the Flows Measured by Doppler Fixed at the Bottom of an Ice Covered River." International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 17, no. 5 (2022): 659–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.170503.

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The classic approach for estimating river flows is based on the use of a rating curve, which links the flow rates to the water heights measured at a gauging station. This simple approach, has practical and economic advantages but also has limitations related in part to the difficulty of obtaining a representative range of flows, particularly in the presence of ice cover. The objective of this study is to show how it is possible to improve the results obtained by a traditional rating curve using the validated measurements of the Acoustic Doppler Velocity Meter (ADVM) of the Argonaut SW (shallow

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9

Dorneles, Viviane, Victória de Souza Wojahn, Samuel Beskow, and Maria Cândida Moitinho Nunes. "Applicability of sediment rating curves: analysis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 17, no. 4 (2024): 3037–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v17.4.p3037-3051.

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The transport of sediments is present in all watercourses, occurring naturally, however, in different ways and characteristics. Its quantification in watersheds becomes extremely important for the planning and management of water resources. The sediment rating curve, which empirically describes the relationship between stream flow and suspended sediment concentration (Css), is an alternative tool to the lack of continuous monitoring of sediment transport. The aim of this research was to evaluate the use of rating curves in sedimentometric stations in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Three Css data h

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10

Di Baldassarre, G., and A. Montanari. "Uncertainty in river discharge observations: a quantitative analysis." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 6 (2009): 913–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-913-2009.

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Abstract. This study proposes a framework for analysing and quantifying the uncertainty of river flow data. Such uncertainty is often considered to be negligible with respect to other approximations affecting hydrological studies. Actually, given that river discharge data are usually obtained by means of the so-called rating curve method, a number of different sources of error affect the derived observations. These include: errors in measurements of river stage and discharge utilised to parameterise the rating curve, interpolation and extrapolation error of the rating curve, presence of unstea

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11

Domeneghetti, A., A. Castellarin, and A. Brath. "Assessing rating-curve uncertainty and its effects on hydraulic model calibration." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 4 (2012): 1191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1191-2012.

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Abstract. This study considers the overall uncertainty affecting river flow measurements and proposes a framework for analysing the uncertainty of rating-curves and its effects on the calibration of numerical hydraulic models. The uncertainty associated with rating-curves is often considered negligible relative to other approximations affecting hydraulic studies, even though recent studies point out that rating-curves uncertainty may be significant. This study refers to a ~240 km reach of River Po and simulates ten different historical flood events by means of a quasi-twodimensional (quasi-2-D

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Domeneghetti, A., A. Castellarin, and A. Brath. "Assessing rating-curve uncertainty and its effects on hydraulic model calibration." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 6 (2011): 10501–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-10501-2011.

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Abstract. This study considers the overall uncertainty affecting river flow measurements and proposes a framework for analysing the uncertainty of rating-curves and its effects on the calibration of numerical hydraulic models. The uncertainty associated with rating-curves is often considered negligible relative to other approximations affecting hydraulic studies, even though recent studies point out that rating-curves uncertainty may be significant. This study refers to a ∼240 km reach of River Po and simulates ten different historical flood events by means of a quasi-twodimensional (quasi-2-D

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13

Zakariah, Ridzwan Bin, Norzila Binti Othman, Mohd Azlan bin Mohd Yusoff, and Wahid Ali Hamood Altowayti. "Determination of Stage Discharge Rating Curve at Sungai Batang Melaka." Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 56, no. 3 (2021): 248–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.3.21.

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The river is a natural source of water with distinctive hydraulic features. The hydraulic characteristic is a factor in morphology changes. The article describes a determination of a stage discharge rating curve at Sungai Batang Melaka that has been developed for the first time. The stage discharge rating curve is used to determine whether the rivers of this area are the cause of floods that have occurred in Malacca. Based on data collection for width and depth at four locations, enabling to evaluate and analysis the data of each cross-section for Sungai Batang Melaka. By observing the river v

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14

Dias, Luanna Costa, Lindemberg Lima Fernandes, and David Franco Lopes. "Elaboração e Extrapolação de Curvas-chave na Região Amazônica." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 12, no. 6 (2020): 2285. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v12.6.p2285-2301.

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O estudo consiste na elaboração e extrapolação de curvas-chave localizadas na Região Amazônica. A elevada disponibilidade hídrica da Região requer hidrogramas precisos para gestão dos Recursos Hídricos. Foram escolhidas cinco estações, com período de dados de 1971 a 2015 e o uso de 463 medições de descarga, para elaboração de curvas-chave do tipo potência e relacionando “cota x vazão” empregando duas formas de calibração: utilização do programa GrafChav e da ferramenta Solver do Excel, tendo o coeficiente de Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) como validação. A extrapolação foi realizada pelos métodos: Logarí

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15

Bhandari, Biplov, Kel Markert, Vikalp Mishra, Amanda Markert, and Robert Griffin. "Investigation of Data-Driven Rating Curve (DDRC) Approach." Water 15, no. 3 (2023): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15030604.

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Flooding is a recurring natural disaster worldwide; developing countries are particularly affected due to poor mitigation and management strategies. Often discharge is used to inform the flood forecast. The discharge is usually inferred from the water level via the rating curve because the latter is relatively easy to measure compared to the former. This research focuses on Cambodia, where data scarcity is prevalent, as in many developing countries. Thus, the rating curve has not been updated, making it difficult to effectively evaluate the performance of the global streamflow services, such a

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16

Mansanarez, Valentin, Ida K. Westerberg, Steve W. Lyon, and Norris Lam. "Estimating uncertainties in hydraulicallymodelled rating curves for discharge time series assessment." E3S Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 06013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184006013.

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Establishing a reliable stage-discharge (SD) rating curve for calculating discharge at a hydrological gauging station normally takes years of data collection. Estimation of high flows is particularly difficult as they occur rarely and are often difficult to gauge in practice. At a minimum, hydraulicallymodelled rating curves could be derived with as few as two concurrent SD and water-surface slope measurements at different flow conditions. This means that a reliable rating curve can, potentially, be developed much faster via hydraulic modelling than using a traditional rating curve approach ba

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17

Kresfiaprilianto, Ananda Dwi Setiawan, Slamet Imam Wahyudi, and Moh Faiqun Ni”™am. "ANALISIS PERSAMAAN LENGKUNG DEBIT PADA POS DUGA AIR DI HULU SUNGAI WADUK KEDUNGOMBO." Wahana Teknik Sipil: Jurnal Pengembangan Teknik Sipil 28, no. 2 (2023): 196–208. https://doi.org/10.32497/wahanats.v28i2.5236.

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Kedungombo reservoir is the largest reservoir in the Serang-Lusi watershed, Jratunseluna river basin, Central Java. Water level and discharge in the upstream river entering the reservoir were measured at 3 Gauging Stations (AWLR Guwo -Serang River, AWLR Jengglong - Laban River, and AWLR Girimargo - Uter River).The objective of this research is to determine the river's cross section, analyse changes in water level, calculate the equation for the rating curve, and assess the accuracy of the present equations at the observation site.The discharge curve analysis (Rating curve) was carried out usin

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18

Chang, Bao, Zhong Yuan Zhang, Ming Xing Wang, and Wei Hua Zhang. "Rating Curve Determination for a Cross-Section in Liangtanhe Irrigation District." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 2163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.2163.

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Continuous measurement of flow for a channel section is usually impractical or very expensive. However, stage can be observed continuously or at regular short time intervals with comparative ease and economy. In the paper, we measured the stage by ultrasonic finder and calculating discharge from velocity measured by current meter and channel size. According to the discharge and stage of the cross-section, we fitted the rating curve and further made the hypothesis test to verify the real relationship between stage and flow. This will help the local authority to decide the amount of water divert

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19

León, Juan, Frederique Seyler, and Astrid Puerta. "Rating curve estimation using Envisat virtual stations on the main Orinoco river." Ingeniería e Investigación 31, no. 3 (2011): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v31n3.26391.

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Rating curve estimation (height-stream relation) made by hydrometric stations representing cross-sections of a river is one of hydrometrics' fundamental tasks due to the fact that it leads to deducing a river's average daily flow on that particular section. This information is fundamental in any attempt at hydrological modelling. However, the number of hydrological control stations monitoring large hydrological basins has been reduced worldwide. Space hydrology studies during the last five years have shown that satellite radar altimetry means that hydrological monitoring networks' available in

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20

Zulfan, J., and B. M. Ginting. "Investigation of spillway rating curve via theoretical formula, laboratory experiment, and 3D numerical modeling: A case study of the Riam Kiwa Dam, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 930, no. 1 (2021): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/930/1/012030.

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Abstract The spillway rating curve of the Riam Kiwa Dam was investigated via theoretical formula, laboratory experiment, and 3D numerical modeling. It is an ogee type with two uncontrolled and five gated spillways with a total length of 77.5 m. The experiment was performed with a scale of 1:50, while the numerical modeling was conducted using FLOW-3D software. Several discharge values (16.67–2,652.7 m3/s) were tested and observed for two different scenarios of gate openings. For the low discharge in Scenario 1, the theoretical formula and FLOW-3D computed the rating curve less accurately with

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21

Chitrakar, Suman, Scott N. Miller, Edward W. Kempema, Paul A. Caffrey, and Justin Stern. "Impact of Channel Slope on Cutthroat Flume Performance." Transactions of the ASABE 61, no. 1 (2018): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12468.

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Abstract. Cutthroat flumes are widely used in field projects to estimate discharge via a stage-discharge relationship. Flumes are commonly tested and calibrated in a laboratory to develop the stage-discharge relationship, but field installations often occur under non-idealized conditions, specifically with respect to bed slope. We calibrated a cutthroat flume with dimensions of 0.91 m length and 0.35 m throat width for bed slopes ranging from 0% to 2% to represent a range of field conditions. The experiment was conducted in the Water Resources Lab of the College of Engineering at the Universit

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22

Yang, Chi-Cheng, and Kwan Tun Lee. "Analysis of flow-sediment rating curve hysteresis based on flow and sediment travel time estimations." International Journal of Sediment Research 33, no. 2 (2018): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2017.10.003.

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Aslami, M. H., A. J. Pierre, R. Franchitika, and A. B. Baria. "Improved rating curve development for ogee spillways using DualSPHysics: a comparative SPH approach." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1488, no. 1 (2025): 012048. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1488/1/012048.

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Abstract This study investigates the development of a rating curve for an ogee spillway using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations, specifically through the open-source DualSPHysics software. The numerical model was validated against experimental data and showed good agreement with water surface elevation predictions. A continuous, linearly increasing flow rate was simulated to generate a comprehensive dataset of discharge and water level values. Two methods for constructing the rating curve were compared: the traditional approach using Q = CLH 3/2 and a modified version using Q =

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Petersen-Øverleir, Asgeir. "A robust stage-discharge rating curve model based on critical flow from a reservoir." Hydrology Research 37, no. 3 (2006): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2006.009.

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Hydrometric gauging stations are often sited in reservoirs such as lakes and river pools since they possess favourable features for streamflow determination. By applying the equations which govern critical flow from a reservoir along with a spline representation of the known geometric characteristics of the reservoir outlet, a new method is developed for estimating the stage-discharge relationship in reservoir-like situations. The proposed rating curve model is amenable to least squares estimation using the available stage-discharge measurements. The proposed model is shown by theory to be gen

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Shao, Quanxi, Julien Lerat, Geoff Podger, and Dushmanta Dutta. "Uncertainty estimation with bias-correction for flow series based on rating curve." Journal of Hydrology 510 (March 2014): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.12.025.

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Martin, Nick, and Jeremy White. "Flow Regime-Dependent, Discharge Uncertainty Envelope for Uncertainty Analysis with Ensemble Methods." Water 15, no. 6 (2023): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061133.

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A discharge uncertainty envelope is presented that provides an observation error model for data assimilation (DA) using discharge observations derived from measurement of stage using a rating curve. It uniquely represents the rating curve representation error, which is due to scale and process incompatibility between the rating curve hydrodynamic model and “true” discharge, within the observation error model. Ensemble methods, specifically, the iterative ensemble smoother (IES) algorithms in PEST++, provide the DA framework for this observation error model. The purpose of the uncertainty envel

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Hansen, David, Vinod K. Garga, and D. Ronald Townsend. "Selection and application of a one-dimensional non-Darcy flow equation for two-dimensional flow through rockfill embankments." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 32, no. 2 (1995): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t95-025.

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Porous embankments comprised of relatively homogeneous coarse rockfill can be used to reduce the amount of spillage at downstream hydro dams or to control the outflow from stormwater detention basins. The stage-discharge rating curve is important in the design of such applications. In general, the coarseness of the material causes the flow to be non-Darcy; that is, characterized by a nonlinear relationship between bulk velocity and hydraulic gradient. Six one-dimensional (1D) non-Darcy flow equations, appearing in the literature, are presented. A limited comparison between computed and experim

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Mei, Xuefei, Zhijun Dai, Wen Wei, and Jinjuan Gao. "Dams induced stage–discharge relationship variations in the upper Yangtze River basin." Hydrology Research 47, no. 1 (2015): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2015.010.

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Although stage–discharge relationships are crucial for discharge estimations and hydrological analyses, few efforts have been taken to assess their temporal alterations in the context of dam regulation. Here, the upper Yangtze River basin serves as an example to demonstrate the influence of hydraulic structures on stage–discharge relationships evolution. Daily records of water level and river discharge from 1950 to 2013 at Yichang hydrometric station were grouped and analyzed. Back-propagation artificial neural network was used to model the stage–discharge relationships. The obtained curves re

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Hoffmann, Thomas O., Yannik Baulig, Helmut Fischer, and Jan Blöthe. "Scale breaks of suspended sediment rating in large rivers in Germany induced by organic matter." Earth Surface Dynamics 8, no. 3 (2020): 661–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-661-2020.

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Abstract. Understanding the transport of suspended sediment and associated nutrients is of major relevance for sustainable sediment management aiming to achieve healthy river systems. Sediment rating curves are frequently used to analyze the suspended sediments and their potential sources and sinks. Here we use more than 750 000 measurements of suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) and discharge (Q) collected at 62 gauging stations along 19 waterways in Germany based on the suspended sediment monitoring network of the German water and shipping authority, which started in the 1960s. Furtherm

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Garcia, Rodrigo, Veber Costa, and Francisco Silva. "Bayesian Rating Curve Modeling: Alternative Error Model to Improve Low-Flow Uncertainty Estimation." Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 25, no. 5 (2020): 04020012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)he.1943-5584.0001903.

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Shafeeq-Ur-Rehman and Muhammad Mudassar Abbasi. "Derivation of Rating Curve for Suspended Sediment Flow of River Indus at Besham." Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences 5, no. 3 (2024): 340–52. https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.v-iii.24097.

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This study aims at reclaiming the huge amount of wastewater, produced from pulp and paper industry by physico-chemical treatment method following a combination of primary settling, coagulation-flocculation aided clarification (alum, lime and magnesium sulphate as coagulant) and activated carbon adsorption, in order to reduce the quantity of wastewater generation, from this water intensive industry. The chemical secondary treatment indicate the reduction in turbidity (89%), COD (84%), Total Suspended Solids (90%) and colour (89%) was obtained at the mass loading of 3400 mg l-1 of MgSO4, when 4

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Jung, Bárbara M., Elisa H. Fernandes, Osmar O. Möller, and Felipe García-Rodríguez. "Estimating Suspended Sediment Concentrations from River Discharge Data for Reconstructing Gaps of Information of Long-Term Variability Studies." Water 12, no. 9 (2020): 2382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092382.

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Suspended sediment rating-curves are low cost and reliable tools used all around the world to estimate river suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) based on either linear or non-linear regression with a second variable, such as the river discharge. The aim of this paper is to undertake an evaluation of four different suspended sediment rating-curves for three turbid large river tributaries flowing into the largest choked coastal lagoon of the world, a very turbid system. Statistical parameters such as Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE), percent of bias (PBIAS) and a standardized root

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Ali Shah, Shoukat, Madeeha Kiran, Rabia Dars, Aleena Nazir, and Shaharyar Hassan Ashrafani. "DEVELOPMENT OF STAGE-DISCHARGE RATING CURVE AND RATING TABLE OF PIYARO MINOR AND DILWARO MINOR." GEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR 5, no. 1 (2020): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gbr.01.2021.23.27.

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Developing a gauge-discharge relationship in rivers, canals, and minor flow is vital for controlling floods, managing water resources, Spatio-temporal analysis, socio-economic development, and sustaining the ecosystem. Accurate and consistent data of irrigation networks are perilous to scheduling and managing for accurate application of irrigation water. Most of the hydrologic engineering activities like hydraulics structure, designs, flood monitoring, surplus water, reservoir, canal, and minor’s operation depend on flowing water derived from Rating Curve (RC). The effective management of irri

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Enjilzadeh, Mohammad Reza, and Ebrahim Nohani. "Numerical Modeling of Flow Field in Morning Glory Spillways and Determining Rating Curve at Different Flow Rates." Civil Engineering Journal 2, no. 9 (2016): 448–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2016-00000048.

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Morning glory spillways with drop inlets are normally employed in dams built on narrow valleys or placed on steep slopes. In Iran, morning glory spillways have been commonly used in large Dam projects such as Sefidrood dam, Alborz dam, and Haraz dam. Physical models should be built to accurately determine hydraulic parameters of the flow and flow field in spillways. Establishment of a physical model involves extravagant costs and conditions that cannot be justified in some cases. Therefore, suitable numerical models can be proposed for such circumstances. Using FLOW3D numerical models, 3-dimen

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35

Rozos, Evangelos, Jorge Leandro, and Demetris Koutsoyiannis. "Development of Rating Curves: Machine Learning vs. Statistical Methods." Hydrology 9, no. 10 (2022): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology9100166.

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Streamflow measurements provide valuable hydrological information but, at the same time, are difficult to obtain. For this reason, discharge records of regular intervals are usually obtained indirectly by a stage–discharge rating curve, which establishes a relation between measured water levels to volumetric rate of flow. Rating curves are difficult to develop because they require simultaneous measurements of discharge and stage over a wide range of stages. Furthermore, the shear forces generated during flood events often change the streambed shape and roughness. As a result, over long periods

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Pereira, Tatiane Souza Rodrigues, Thiago Pires de Carvalho, Thiago Augusto Mendes, Guilherme da Cruz dos Reis, and Klebber Teodomiro Martins Formiga. "Hydrodynamic Modeling for Flow and Velocity Estimation from an Arduino Ultrasonic Sensor." Hydrology 11, no. 2 (2024): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology11020012.

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Flow is a crucial variable in water resources, although its determination is challenging. Rating curves are standard but have conceptual limitations, leading to significantly high uncertainties. Hydrodynamic models offer a more precise alternative, but they necessitate continuous measurements of velocities, which are complex and expensive to obtain. Thus, this article aimed to validate a hydrodynamic model that estimates flows and velocities in transient conditions based on water levels measured using a low-cost ultrasonic sensor. The results indicated that these estimates can be reliable if (

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Getirana, A. C. V., and C. Peters-Lidard. "Water discharge estimates from large radar altimetry datasets in the Amazon basin." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no. 6 (2012): 7591–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-7591-2012.

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Abstract. In this study, we evaluate the use of a large radar altimetry dataset as a complementary gauging network capable of providing water discharge in ungauged regions within the Amazon basin. A rating-curve-based methodology is adopted to derive water discharge from altimetric data provided by Envisat at 444 virtual stations (VS). The stage-discharge relations at VS are built based on radar altimetry and outputs from a global flow routing scheme. In order to quantify the impact of modeling uncertainties on rating-curve based discharges, another experiment is performed using simulated disc

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Samboko, Hubert T., Sten Schurer, Hubert H. G. Savenije, Hodson Makurira, Kawawa Banda, and Hessel Winsemius. "Towards affordable 3D physics-based river flow rating: application over the Luangwa River basin." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 12, no. 2 (2023): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-12-155-2023.

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Abstract. Uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs), affordable precise global navigation satellite system hardware, multi-beam echo sounders, open-source 3D hydrodynamic modelling software, and freely available satellite data have opened up opportunities for a robust, affordable, physics-based approach to monitoring river flows. Traditional methods of river discharge estimation are based on point measurements, and heterogeneity of the river geometry is not contemplated. In contrast, a UAV-based system which makes use of geotagged images captured and merged through photogrammetry in order to generate a

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Franchini, M., and G. Galeati. "Comparative analysis of some methods for deriving the expected flood reduction curve in the frequency domain." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 4, no. 1 (2000): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-4-155-2000.

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Abstract. This article compares the results of three different models, namely empirical, geomorphoclimatic and stochastic, proposed in the literature for synthesising the reduction curve of average river discharges, of given frequency, over different durations. The analysis used observed reduction ratios inferred for twelve recording gauge stations with known rating curves, situated on central Italian watercourses all of which flow into the Adriatic sea. Particular emphasis was laid on the difficulties encountered in the parameterisation of the models, on the relations between the different fo

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Paoletti, Michele, Marco Pellegrini, Alberto Belli, et al. "Discharge Monitoring in Open-Channels: An Operational Rating Curve Management Tool." Sensors 23, no. 4 (2023): 2035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042035.

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An aspect correlated with climate change is certainly represented by the alternation of severe floods and relevant drought periods. Moreover, there is evidence that changes in climate and land cover are inducing changes in stream channel cross-sections, altering local channel capacity. A direct consequence of a significant change in the local channel capacity is that the relationship between the amount of water flowing at a given point in a river or stream (usually at gauging stations) and the corresponding stage in that section, known as a stage–discharge relationship or rating curve, is chan

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Greco, Michele, and Giovanni Martino. "1-D versus 2-D Entropy Velocity Law for Water Discharge Assessment in a Rough Ditch." Entropy 20, no. 9 (2018): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20090638.

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Water discharge assessment in open channel flow is one of the most crucial issues for hydraulic engineers in the fields of water resource management, river dynamics, ecohydraulics, irrigation, and hydraulic structure design, among others. Recent studies state that the entropy velocity law allows expeditive methodology for discharge estimation and rating curve development due to the simple mathematical formulation and implementation. Many works have been developed based on the one-dimensional (1-D) formulation of the entropy velocity profile, supporting measurements in the lab and the field for

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Cho, Nam-Hyun, Hong-Joon Kwon, Young-Chan Suh, and Jangrak Kim. "Development of Korea Airport Pavement Condition Index for Panel Rating." Applied Sciences 12, no. 16 (2022): 8320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12168320.

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Airports strive to prevent safety issues, such as foreign object debris (FOD), by pavement management using the pavement condition index (PCI). The index is used in decision-making processes for overall pavement maintenance and repair, such as the prevention of additional damage due to cracks and the like. However, considering the current situation in Korea where mostly mid-sized and large commercial airports exist, problems regarding direct applications of the existing PCI deduct value have been consistently pointed out. In addition, as the relationship between the PCI and whether maintenance

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Petersen, G., H. Bast, and N. Fohrer. "Estimation of ungauged Bahr el Jebel flows based on upstream water levels and large scale spatial rainfall data." Advances in Geosciences 18 (June 20, 2008): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-18-9-2008.

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Abstract. The study derives Bahr el Jebel flow data at Mongalla, combining upstream flow from Lake Albert and torrential runoff derived from the Collaborative Historical African Rainfall Model (CHARM) rainfall data in the catchment between Lake Albert and Mongalla using GIS techniques. The results provide an updated rating curve for Lake Albert outflows and currently unavailable flow data at Mongalla, the entry to the Sudd swamp, with a high level of confidence for the period after 1983; data which are essential for detailed hydrological assessments of the swamp system with its significant imp

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Petersen-Øverleir, Asgeir. "Fitting depth–discharge relationships in rivers with floodplains." Hydrology Research 39, no. 5-6 (2008): 369–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2008.303.

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A statistical method based on a simple uniform flow depth–discharge model for a two-stage main channel-floodplain river section has been developed and tested for data from four hydrometric gauging stations. The depth–discharge rating curve fitting procedure is formulated as a piecewise regression problem. A simulated annealing algorithm is used to obtain the least-squares rating curve parameters, including the main channel-floodplain change-point. Uncertainty of all parameter and discharge estimates is approximated by bootstrap techniques. The application of the methodology to field data showe

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Göğüş, Mustafa, A. Cüneyt Gerek, and A. Burcu Altan-Sakarya. "Application of a flow-measurement structure for sediment-laden streams." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 9 (2009): 1539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-079.

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Generally, measurement of flow in natural streams is accomplished by measuring the flow depth. Hence, the relationship between the water level and discharge should be obtained in advance. However, in streams with high sediment load, the bottom level may change due to sediment deposition, preventing the single relation between water level and discharge. This paper summarizes the application of a flow-measurement structure for sediment-laden streams. The proposed structure is designed and built in Turkey and has been under operation since 1998 without any sedimentation problem. The agreement bet

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Lee, Tsung-Yu, Tse-Yang Teng, Jun-Yi Lee, Yen-Wei Pan, Ming Chen, and Chi-Cheng Chiu. "Change in sediment transport regime of the Keelung River in Taiwan induced by the operation of Yuanshantze flood diversion tunnel." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0311551. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311551.

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The impact of flood diversion channels on river sediment transport has been rarely reported. This study uses the Yuanshantze flood diversion tunnel (YFDT), which was commissioned in July 2005 in Taiwan, as an example. This study calculates the sediment transport in the Keelung River from 1997 to 2018 by using seasonal rating curves, in the form of aQb. Changes in rating curve coefficients are also analyzed to understand the impact of YFDT on sediment transport regime. The results show that after the construction of YFDT, the annual sediment transport dropped from 0.59 ± 0.47 [Mt y-1] to 0.17 ±

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Ariful Hussain, Tasaduk, and Devojit Bezbaruah. "THE TIPLING RIVER FLOW ANALYSIS TO ASSESS MICRO HYDRO POWER AND DIVERSION BASED IRRIGATION POTENTIAL." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 10 (2020): 792–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11903.

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Micro hydropower projects and diversion based irrigation projects are dependent on the amount of water flowing in the river of concern. Analyses of historical River Flow information are crucial to understand its pattern, frequency and predictability. Statistical analysis is the basis for a better scientific comprehension of the river flow system. Based on this information designing of such projects as well as making management plans for any future eventualities are possible. In this paper historical discharge information for a period of 19 years is collected and analyzed. Based on the water le

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Najib, Sumayyah Aimi Mohd, Syazwani Aliah, and Husna Nabilah Hamidon. "Suspended Sediment Concentration and Sediment Loading of Bernam River (Perak, Malaysia)." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 22, no. 2 (2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2020-0007.

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Abstract This paper presents some of our preliminary results on the sediment discharge and load based on weekly sampling starting from Oct 2017 to January 2018. Results show that sediment rating curve of Bernam River was R2 = 0.86 high flow and R2 = 0.5 low flow. Average sediment loading throughout this sampling period is 1,144 t. Land use activity is expected to be the main contribution for the highest sediment concentration during rain events. The amount of annual sediment yield was estimated at 23 t/km2/year and is comparable to other studies having similar land uses in the catchment area.

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Rampinelli, Cássio G., Ian Knack, and Tyler Smith. "Flood Mapping Uncertainty from a Restoration Perspective: A Practical Case Study." Water 12, no. 7 (2020): 1948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071948.

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Many hydrologic studies that are the basis for water resources planning and management rely on streamflow information. Calibration and use of hydrologic models to extend flow series based on rainfall data, perform flood frequency analysis, or develop flood maps for land use planning and design of engineering works, such as channels, dams, bridges, and water intake, are examples of such studies. In most real-world engineering applications, errors in flow data are neglected or not adequately addressed. However, because flows are estimated based on the water level measurements by fitted rating cu

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Sandoval Aguilar, Raquel, and Efstathios E. Michaelides. "Microgrid for a Cluster of Grid Independent Buildings Powered by Solar and Wind Energy." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (2021): 9214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199214.

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The reduction of CO2 emissions and the avoidance of Global Climate Change necessitate the conversion of the electricity generation industry to rely on non-carbon sources. Additionally, the mitigation of the duck-curve effects in microgrids requires the development of grid-independent buildings. Computations were performed for a cluster of one thousand grid-independent buildings in the North Texas area, where air-conditioning demand is high in the summer months. The electricity demand is balanced with energy supply generated from wind turbines, photovoltaic cells, or stored energy in hydrogen t

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