Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flow studies in wind tunnels

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Flow studies in wind tunnels'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Flow studies in wind tunnels"

1

Yanovych, Viatlii, and Daniel Duda. "Using ARAMIS system for measurement of structural stability of running wind tunnel." MATEC Web of Conferences 328 (2020): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032801003.

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Wind tunnels are popularly used to study various aerodynamic phenomena. Their design significantly influences the quality of the created airflow. During the flow generation, the construction parts of the wind tunnel to get deformed due to pressure variations. This phenomenon significantly complicates the creation of high-level laminar flow and worsens the results of experimental studies. The main purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of a sharp change in flow velocity on the structural stability of parts of a wind tunnel with a capacity of 55 kW. For experimental studies, we used the ARAMIS optical measurement system. Using it, we estimated the amount of deformation and mutual displacement of parts of the running wind tunnel at a flow rate of 76 m·s-1.
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Liu, Shanhe, Zhiwen Luo, Keer Zhang, and Jian Hang. "Natural Ventilation of a Small-Scale Road Tunnel by Wind Catchers: A CFD Simulation Study." Atmosphere 9, no. 10 (October 20, 2018): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9100411.

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Providing efficient ventilation in road tunnels is essential to prevent severe air pollution exposure for both drivers and pedestrians in such enclosed spaces with heavy vehicle emissions. Longitudinal ventilation methods like commercial jet fans have been widely applied and confirmed to be effective for introducing external fresh air into road tunnels that are shorter than 3 km. However, operating tunnel jet fans is energy consuming. Therefore, for small-scale (~100 m–1 km) road tunnels, mechanical ventilation methods might be highly energetically expensive and unaffordable. Many studies have found that the use of wind catchers could improve buildings’ natural ventilation, but their effect on improving natural ventilation in small-scale road tunnels has, hitherto, rarely been studied. This paper, therefore, aims to quantify the influence of style and arrangement of one-sided flat-roof wind catchers on ventilation performance in a road tunnel. The concept of intake fraction (IF) is applied for ventilation and pollutant exposure assessment in the overall tunnel and for pedestrian regions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology with a standard k-epsilon turbulence model is used to perform a three-dimensional (3D) turbulent flow simulation, and CFD results have been validated by wind-tunnel experiments for building cross ventilation. Results show that the introduction of wind catchers would significantly enhance wind speed at pedestrian level, but a negative velocity reduction effect and a near-catcher recirculation zone can also be found. A special downstream vortex extending along the downstream tunnel is found, helping remove the accumulated pollutants away from the low-level pedestrian sides. Both wind catcher style and arrangement would significantly influence the ventilation performance in the tunnel. Compared to long-catcher designs, short-catchers would be more effective for providing fresh air to pedestrian sides due to a weaker upstream velocity reduction effect and smaller near-catcher recirculation zone. In long-catcher cases, IF increases to 1.13 ppm when the wind catcher is positioned 240 m away from the tunnel entrance, which is almost twice that in short-catcher cases. For the effects of catcher arrangements, single, short-catcher, span-wise, shifting would not help dilute pollutants effectively. Generally, a design involving a double short-catcher in a parallel arrangement is the most recommended, with the smallest IF, i.e., 61% of that in the tunnel without wind catchers (0.36 ppm).
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Nosek, Štěpán, Zbyněk Jaňour, David Janke, Qianying Yi, André Aarnink, Salvador Calvet, Mélynda Hassouna, Michala Jakubcová, Peter Demeyer, and Guoqiang Zhang. "Review of Wind Tunnel Modelling of Flow and Pollutant Dispersion within and from Naturally Ventilated Livestock Buildings." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (April 22, 2021): 3783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11093783.

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Ammonia emissions from naturally ventilated livestock buildings (NVLBs) pose a serious environmental problem. However, the mechanisms that control these emissions are still not fully understood. One promising method for understanding these mechanisms is physical modelling in wind tunnels. This paper reviews studies that have used this method to investigate flow or pollutant dispersion within or from NVLBs. The review indicates the importance of wind tunnels for understanding the flow and pollutant dispersion processes within and from NVLBs. However, most studies have investigated the flow, while only few studies have focused on pollutant dispersion. Furthermore, only few studies have simulated all the essential parameters of the approaching boundary layer. Therefore, this paper discusses these shortcomings and provides tips and recommendations for further research in this respect.
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Meyer, O., W. Nitsche, and I. Futterer. "Numerical and experimental investigations on the reduction of wind tunnel wall interference by means of adaptive slots." Aeronautical Journal 105, no. 1052 (October 2001): 571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000012513.

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Abstract The flow in many wind tunnel experiments is affected by the presence of test section walls. The resulting interference can be minimised by correcting the measured model pressures, or by influencing the model flow directly with the use of ventilated or adaptive test section walls. The objective behind the latter technique is to guide the flow in the test section to achieve low interference (i.e. free flow) condition at the model. The most successful technique of flexible, adaptive walls is still restricted to small research wind tunnels due to its mechanical complexity. However, a very promising alternative is the use of adaptive slots in the test section walls. This concept combines the method of passive slotted walls, as they are already implemented in many large wind tunnels, and flexible walls. Additionally, this technique presents the opportunity of full 3D adaptations because the slots can be situated in all four test section walls. This paper presents preliminary experimental results and the latest numerical calculations on the effectiveness of adaptive slots. The experiments were conducted under high subsonic flow conditions in the new slotted test section of the transonic wind tunnel at TU Berlin’s Aeronautical Institute (ILR). The numerical results presented are focussed on the 2D slot adaptation of a 2D-model (CAST7 aerofoil) and the 3D slot adaptation of a body of revolution (3D-ETB). In addition, basic studies were made of the flows associated with a single slot on one wall and a bump on the other. The numerical and the first experimental investigations have shown the potential of adaptive slots to reduce wall interferences effectively. The adaptation accuracy of the investigated slot configurations deviated not more than 3% from the reference case (2D-wall adaptation).
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Mwachugha, Alfred Gift, Jean Byiringiro, Harrison Ngetha, Thomas Carolus, and Kathrin Stahl. "Experimental Investigation of a Prandtl Probe Fabricated Using Desktop Stereolithography Technology." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): 1274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.10.2202.

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A Prandtl probe is one of the standard instruments used for flow characterization in wind tunnel facilities. The convectional fabrication method of this instrument requires skilled artisanship, precision drilling, lathing and soldering of its several parts. This reflects into high costs of production in turn making wind energy studies expensive. With the adoption of additive manufacturing, the tooling costs, skills required and design to manufacture constraints can be addressed. This research presents a Prandtl probe that was designed using NX™ software, fabricated by desktop stereolithography additive manufacturing platform and validated in a wind tunnel for velocity range of 0 m/s to 51 m/s. This research attested the option of fabricating relatively cheap functional Prandtl probe with desktop stereolithography technology which can be used for accurate determination of flow quality in wind tunnels experiments. This provides various learning and research institution in developing countries that have already invested in additive desktop manufacturing technology certainty and a cheaper option to fabricate wind research instruments for use at their laboratories. Moreover, fabrication and validation of a 5-hole Prandtl probe can also be examined.
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Wang, Yansen, Jonathan Decker, and Eric R. Pardyjak. "Large-Eddy Simulations of Turbulent Flows around Buildings Using the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Environment–Lattice Boltzmann Model (ABLE-LBM)." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 59, no. 5 (May 2020): 885–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-19-0161.1.

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ABSTRACTA three-dimensional, prognostic Atmospheric Boundary Layer Environment–Lattice Boltzmann Model (ABLE-LBM) using the multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method was developed for large-eddy simulation of urban boundary layer atmospheric flows. In this article we describe the details of the ABLE-LBM for urban flow, its implementation of complex boundaries, and the subgrid turbulence parameterizations. As a first validation of this newly developed model, the simulation results were evaluated with two wind-tunnel datasets that were collected using particle image velocimetry and Irwin probes, respectively. The ABLE-LBM simulations use the same building layout and Reynolds numbers used in the laboratory wind tunnels. The ABLE-LBM simulations compare favorably to both laboratory studies in terms of the mean wind fields. The turbulent fluxes simulated by the model in the observational planes also agreed reasonably well with the laboratory results. The model produced urban canyon flows and vortices on the lee side and over the building tops that are similar to those of the laboratory studies in strength and location. This validation study using laboratory data indicates that our new ABLE-LBM is a viable approach for modeling atmospheric turbulent flows in urban environments. A numerical implementation using a graphics processing unit shows that real-time simulations are achieved for these two validation cases.
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Flay, R. G. J., and P. S. Jackson. "Flow simulations for wind-tunnel studies of sail aerodynamics." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 44, no. 1-3 (October 1992): 2703–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(92)90064-h.

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Ohya, Y., M. Tatsuno, Y. Nakamura, and H. Ueda. "A thermally stratified wind tunnel for environmental flow studies." Atmospheric Environment 30, no. 16 (August 1996): 2881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(95)00256-1.

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Wagner, Alexander, Erich Schülein, René Petervari, Klaus Hannemann, Syed R. C. Ali, Adriano Cerminara, and Neil D. Sandham. "Combined free-stream disturbance measurements and receptivity studies in hypersonic wind tunnels by means of a slender wedge probe and direct numerical simulation." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 842 (March 13, 2018): 495–531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.132.

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Combined free-stream disturbance measurements and receptivity studies in hypersonic wind tunnels were conducted by means of a slender wedge probe and direct numerical simulation. The study comprises comparative tunnel noise measurements at Mach 3, 6 and 7.4 in two Ludwieg tube facilities and a shock tunnel. Surface pressure fluctuations were measured over a wide range of frequencies and test conditions including harsh test environments not accessible to measurement techniques such as Pitot probes and hot-wire anemometry. A good agreement was found between normalized Pitot pressure fluctuations converted into normalized static pressure fluctuations and the wedge probe readings. Quantitative results of the tunnel noise are provided in frequency ranges relevant for hypersonic boundary-layer transition. Complementary numerical simulations of the leading-edge receptivity to fast and slow acoustic waves were performed for the applied wedge probe at conditions corresponding to the experimental free-stream conditions. The receptivity to fast acoustic waves was found to be characterized by an early amplification of the induced fast mode. For slow acoustic waves an initial decay was found close to the leading edge. At all Mach numbers, and for all considered frequencies, the leading-edge receptivity to fast acoustic waves was found to be higher than the receptivity to slow acoustic waves. Further, the effect of inclination angles of the acoustic wave with respect to the flow direction was investigated. An inclination angle was found to increase the response on the wave-facing surface of the probe and decrease the response on the opposite surface for fast acoustic waves. A frequency-dependent response was found for slow acoustic waves. The combined numerical and experimental approach in the present study confirmed the previous suggestion that the slow acoustic wave is the dominant acoustic mode in noisy hypersonic wind tunnels.
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Tesař, Václav. "Wind tunnel for studies of latent heat storage." EPJ Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 02108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818002108.

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When a heated solid body temperature reaches the melting point, temperature stops increasing and remains constant until the whole body is completely molten. The heat input during this melting is spent on freeing the body molecules. This latent heat of melting remains inside the body and may be released when the body is cooled and solidifies. This heat was suggested, already several decades ago, for storing thermal energy. The advantage it offers is avoiding high temperature differences - which otherwise decrease effectiveness of storage (by inevitable heat escape by conduction). Also the mass of the body needed to store a given amount of heat is much smaller. For investigations of the melting and solidification processes a special wind tunnel has been designed and is being built in this study. The tested sample of phase change material, encapsulated in a spherical shell, will be exposed in the tunnel to recirculating hot air flow in a 140 mm x 140 mm test section. Sudden decrease in air flow temperature is made by shifting away the whole closed-circuit part of the tunnel and exposing the test section to flow of cold (room temperature) air.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flow studies in wind tunnels"

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Pannell, C. N. "Fibre-optic laser Doppler velocimetry." Thesis, University of Kent, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383370.

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Christopoulos, George P. "Oscillating-flow wind tunnel studies for a circulation control circular cylinder." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/28435.

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Schmidt, Sarah Ruth. "Computational and wind tunnel studies of shelterbelts for reduction of wind flow and wind-induced loads on low-rise buildings." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.

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Fletcher, Nathan James. "Design and Implementation of Periodic Unsteadiness Generator for Turbine Secondary Flow Studies." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1560810428267352.

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Jones, Gregory Stephen. "The measurement of wind tunnel flow quality at transonic speeds." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39109.

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The measurement of wind tunnel flow quality for the transonic flow regime has been plagued by the inability to interpret complex unsteady flow field information obtained in the free stream. Traditionally hot wire anemometry and fluctuating pressure techniques have been used to quantify the unsteady characteristics of a wind tunnel. This research focuses on the application of these devices to the transonic flow regime. Utilizing hot wire anemometry, one can decompose the unsteady flow field with a three sensor technique, to obtain fluctuations associated with the velocity, density, and total temperature. Implementing thermodynamic and kinematic equations, new methods for expanding the measured velocity, density, and total temperature fluctuations to obtain additional fluctuations are investigated. The derived static pressure fluctuations are compared to the static pressure fluctuations obtained with a conventional fluctuating static pressure probe. The results of this comparison are good, which implies that the individual velocity, density, and total temperature components are time accurate. In the process of obtaining a high quality fluctuating flow field information, it was necessary to evaluate the calibration of the hot wire sensors. A direct calibration approach was compared to a conventional non-dimensional technique. These two calibration techniques should have resulted in the same hot wire sensitivities. There were significant differences in the hot wire sensitivities as obtained from the two approaches. The direct approach was determined to have less errors due to the added heat transfer information required of the indirect approach. Both calibration techniques demonstrated that the velocity and density sensitivities were in general not equal. This suggests that the velocity and density information cannot be combined to form a mass flow. A comparison of several hot wire techniques was included to highlight the errors obtained when assuming that these sensitivities are the same. An evaluation of the free stream flow quality associated with a Laminar Flow Control experiment was carried out in the Langley Research Center 8-Foot Transonic Pressure Tunnel (8' TPT). The facility was modified with turbulence manipulators and a liner that provided a flow field around a yawed super-critical airfoil that is conducive to transition research. These devices are evaluated to determine the sources of disturbances associated with the LFC experiment.
Ph. D.
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Hickle, Curtis. "Wind Tunnel renovation, flow verification and flapping wing analysis." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Jun%5FHickle.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s):Dr. Kevin Jones and Dr. Garth Hobson. "June 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p.79-81). Also available in print.
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Clark, Kylen D. "A Numerical Comparison of Symmetric and Asymmetric Supersonic Wind Tunnels." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1447071393.

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Gordon, Robert. "Advanced 2-D and 3-D particle velocimetry techniques for quantitative fluid flow visualisation in real-time." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262919.

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The aim of this study was to develop and implement a low cost, high speed, flow visualisation tool for 3-D velocity measurement throughout time dependent particle seeded fluid flow volumes. To achieve this, a new high performance wind / water tunnel was designed and constructed using CFD as a design aid. The tunnel provided the necessary platform for obtaining consistent high quality images of fluid flow. Images were grabbed using low cost CCD cameras and downloaded via a PC mounted image capture board, to system RAM. The conventional high cost laser sheet illumination method was replaced with a low cost, portable floodlight system, which enabled both 2-D and 3-D flow volumes to be illuminated. For the 3-D image capture, stereo photogrammetric techniques were employed. Advanced calibration algorithms were developed which automatically detected camera positioning. This reduced the inherent human error associated with setting-up a complex imaging system. 2-D pattern matching and particle tracking algorithms were developed, optimised and tested using real and synthetically generated flow data, to establish practical limits for particle seeding density, particle image size, flow velocity and flow complexity. These results demonstrated that particle tracking was more suited to real-time 3-D applications. The developed algorithms formed the base of a Windows 95/Windows NT package for general purpose analysis of 2-D and 3-D single exposure image streams of particle seeded fluid flow.
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Sumantran, V. "The effect of free stream disturbances and control surface deflections on the performance of the Wortmann airfoil at low Reynolds numbers." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49921.

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A wing with a Wortmann FX-63-137-ESM airfoil section has been used to study some unique problems encountered in wing aerodynamics in the range of Reynolds numbers between 50,000 and 500,000. The wind-tunnel testing conducted in the 6'x 6' Stability tunnel included strain-gauge data, pressure data, and flow-visualization studies. The laminar separation bubble which frequently occurs on the upper surface of the wing is found to dominate its performance and gives rise to a hysteresis loop for lift and drag. Changes in airfoil performance due to positive flap or control surface deflections resemble changes witnessed at higher Reynolds numbers. Negative deflections are seen to considerably change the stall behavior and the flow over the airfoil. This is due to the considerably greater effect on the separation bubble for negative flap deflections. The structure and mechanism of the laminar separation bubble can also be altered by the introduction of selected acoustic disturbance and increased free-stream turbulence. The wind-tunnel test-section environment is, therefore, capable of considerably altering wing performance in this regime.
Ph. D.
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Rosson, Joel Christopher. "Dynamic flow quality measurements in a transonic cryogenic wind tunnel." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101463.

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Two instruments mounted in a piggyback arrangement were developed for time-resolved measurements of dynamic flow quality in a transonic cryogenic wind tunnel. The first one is a dual hot-wire aspirating probe for measurement of stagnation pressure and temperature. The second is a miniature high-frequency response angle probe consisting of surface mounted pressure sensors. The aspirating probe was tested in the 0.3-m Transonic Cryogenic Tunnel (TCT) at NASA-Langley Research Center. Stagnation pressure and temperature measurements were taken in the free-stream of the settling chamber and test section. Data were also obtained in the unsteady wake shed from an airfoil oscillating at 5 Hz. The investigation revealed the presence of large stagnation pressure and temperature fluctuations in the settling chamber occurring at the blade passing frequency of the tunnel driving fan. The fluctuations in the test section are of a much more random nature and have amplitudes much lower than those in the test section. The overall results are consistent with previous tunnel disturbance measurements in the 0.3-m TCT. In the unsteady wake shed from the oscillating airfoil, stagnation temperature fluctuations as high as 42 K rms were observed. The high-frequency angle probe is a four sensor, pyramid type probe capable of simultaneously measuring time resolved stagnation and static pressures and two orthogonal flow angles. Using measurements from both probes, all flow parameters of interest can be deduced. Aerodynamic behavior of a full size model of the probe was established in an open air jet of known conditions.
M.S.
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Books on the topic "Flow studies in wind tunnels"

1

Christopoulos, George P. Oscillating-flow wind tunnel studies for a circulation control circular cylinder. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1991.

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Lederer, Melissa A. Condensation in hypersonic nitrogen wind tunnels. Washington: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1990.

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Everhart, Joel L. Slotted-wall flow-field measurements in a transonic wind tunnel. Hampton, Va: Langley Research Center, 1991.

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Asai, Keisuke. Hot-jet simulation in cryogenic wind tunnels. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1989.

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Asai, Keisuke. Hot-jet simulation in cryogenic wind tunnels. Hampton, Va: Langley Research Center, 1989.

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Asai, Keisuke. Hot-jet simulation in cryogenic wind tunnels. Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1989.

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Asai, Keisuke. Hot-jet simulation in cryogenic wind tunnels. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1989.

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Asai, Keisuke. Hot-jet simulation in cryogenic wind tunnels. Washington D.C: National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration, 1989.

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Asai, Keisuke. Hot-jet simulation in cryogenic wind tunnels. Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1989.

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Asai, Keisuke. Hot-jet simulation in cryogenic wind tunnels. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flow studies in wind tunnels"

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Cuzzola, F., B. Leitl, and M. Schatzmann. "Wind Turbines in ABL-Flow: A Review on Wind Tunnel Studies." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 239–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28968-2_51.

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Petersen, Graciana, Bernd Leitl, and Michael Schatzmann. "ABL-Flow over Hills: A Review of Theory and Wind Tunnel Studies." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 171–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28968-2_36.

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Gartenberg, Ehud. "Infrared Imaging in Cryogenic Wind Tunnels." In Flow Visualization VI, 634–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84824-7_112.

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Kilgore, Robert A. "Cryogenic Wind Tunnels for Aerodynamic Testing." In Flow at Ultra-High Reynolds and Rayleigh Numbers, 66–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2230-9_4.

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Bömmels, R., M. Machacek, A. Landolt, and T. Rösgen. "Quantitative Flow Visualization for Large Scale Wind Tunnels." In The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles: Trucks, Buses, and Trains, 157–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44419-0_17.

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Sofronov, Ivan L. "Highly-Accurate Artificial Boundary Conditions for Unsteady Transonic Flow Problems in Wind Tunnels." In Hyperbolic Problems: Theory, Numerics, Applications, 915–24. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8724-3_42.

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Kompenhans, J., M. Raffel, C. Willert, M. Wiegel, C. Kähler, A. Schröder, B. Bretthauer, H. Vollmers, and B. Stasicki. "Investigation of Unsteady Flow Fields in Wind Tunnels by Means of Particle Image Velocimetry." In Three-Dimensional Velocity and Vorticity Measuring and Image Analysis Techniques, 113–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8727-3_5.

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Abu-Siada, Ahmed, Mohammad A. S. Masoum, Yasser Alharbi, Farhad Shahnia, and A. M. Shiddiq Yunus. "Applications of Unified Power Flow Controller in Wind Energy Conversion System." In Recent Advances in Renewable Energy, 17–48. UAE: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681085425117020003.

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Unified power flow controller (UPFC) is one of the Flexible ac Transmission System (FACTS) devices that possess the ability of modulating both active and reactive power at the point of common coupling in four quadrant operational modes. This chapter illustrates UPFC topology, controllers with some case studies for various applications of UPFC in the DFIG-based WECS. New applications for UPFC are proposed to improve the overall performance of a DFIG-based WECS during voltage sag and voltage swell events at the grid side.
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Pate, Samuel R. "Dominance of “Noise” on Boundary Layer Transition in Conventional Wind Tunnels — a Place for the “Quiet” Ballistic Range in Future Studies." In Advances in Soil Science, 77–87. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3430-2_11.

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Abu-Siada, Ahmed. "Preface." In Recent Advances in Renewable Energy, i. UAE: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681085425117020001.

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Due to the continuous resources’ reduction and cost increase of conventional fossil fuel along with the global trend to decrease the greenhouse effect, clean energy production from renewable sources has been given a global great concern. Among renewable energy sources, wind energy conversion systems have received a worldwide notable attention. It is expected that more than 10% of the global electricity demand will to be generated by wind energy conversion systems by the year 2020. During their early implementation stage, wind turbines were to be disconnected during abnormal and fault conditions within the electricity grid it is connected to. Owing to the fact that current wind installations supply a significant portion of the load demand, disconnecting windfarms may lead to business interruption and discontinuity of power supply to the end user. As such, transmission line operators have developed strict grid codes that wind turbine generator must meet to maintain its connection to support the grid during various fault conditions. To comply with these codes, flexible AC transmission systems have been widely used with current wind energy conversion systems to modulate reactive and/or active power at the point of common coupling of the wind turbine generator and the grid. This book presents the applications of various flexible ac transmission system devices to wind energy conversion systems. Devices such as unified power flow controllers, superconducting magnetic energy storage and static synchronous compensator are covered in this book. Topologies, control systems along with case studies of the aforementioned devices are presented and discussed. This book will be useful for postgraduate research students, upper-division electrical engineering students and practicing engineers.
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Conference papers on the topic "Flow studies in wind tunnels"

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Tinoco, E. N., A. E. Gentry, P. Bogataj, E. G. Sevigny, and B. Chance. "IACC Appendage Studies." In SNAME 11th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium. SNAME, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/csys-1993-009.

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Experimental and computational studies of several representative IACC appendage geometries were carried out to establish baseline data and verify computational models and methods. Wind tunnel tests of an unheeled, unswept, constant section, rectangular planform keel mounted on a ground plane included force and moment measurements, and wake surveys at various angles of attack. Test configurations (all at constant draft) included the addition of ballast bulbs and winglets. Correlations of computational results with experimental wind tunnel data were made. A502/PAN AIR potential flow induced drag predictions proved to be in good agreement with the wind tunnel data. Comparisons are also presented between A598 (A502 + boundary layer), wind tunnel results and empirical predictions. Again good agreement was shown for cases within the limitations of the boundary layer method.
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CHENG, CHARLES C. K., K. M. LAM, RICHARD K. K. YUEN, and S. M. LO. "WIND TUNNEL AND CFD STUDIES ON WIND FLOW AROUND A HIGH-RISE BUILDING WITH A REFUGE FLOOR." In Tall Buildings from Engineering to Sustainability - Sixth International Conference on Tall Buildings, Mini Symposium on Sustainable Cities, Mini Symposium on Planning, Design and Socio-Economic Aspects of Tall Residential Living Environment. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701480_0066.

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Cliff, Susan E., Marie F. Denison, Shayan Moini-Yekta, Donald E. Morr, and Donald A. Durston. "Wind Tunnel Model Design for Sonic Boom Studies of Nozzle Jet Flow with Shock Interactions." In 54th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-2035.

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Colban, W. F., A. T. Lethander, K. A. Thole, and G. Zess. "Combustor Turbine Interface Studies: Part 2 — Flow and Thermal Field Measurements." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30527.

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Most turbine inlet flows resulting from the combustor exit are non-uniform in the near-platform region as a result of cooling methods used for the combustor liner. These cooling methods include injection through film-cooling holes and injection through a slot that connects the combustor and turbine. This paper presents thermal and flow field measurements in the turbine vane passage for a combustor exit flow representative of what occurs in a gas turbine engine. The experiments were performed in a large-scale wind tunnel facility that incorporates combustor and turbine vane models. The measured results for the thermal and flow fields indicate a secondary flow pattern in the vane passage that can be explained by the total pressure profile exiting the combustor. This secondary flow field is quite different than that presented for past studies with an approaching flat plate turbulent boundary layer along the upstream platform. A counter-rotating vortex that is positioned above the passage vortex was identifed from the measurements. Highly turbulent and highly unsteady flow velocities occur at flow impingment locations along the stagnation line.
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Holst, D., G. Pechlivanoglou, F. Wegner, C. N. Nayeri, and C. O. Paschereit. "Potential of Retrofit Passive Flow Control for Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56679.

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The present paper analyzes the effect of passive flow control (PFC) with respect to the retrofitting on small horizontal axis wind turbines (sHAWT). We conducted extensive wind tunnel studies on an high performance low Reynolds airfoil using different PFC elements, i.e. vortex generators (VGs) and Gurney flaps. QBlade, an open source Blade Element Momentum (BEM) code, is used to study the retrofitting potential of a simulated small wind turbine. The turbine design is presented and discussed. The simulations include the data and polars gained from the experiments and give further insight into the effects of PFC on sHAWT. Therefore several different blades were simulated using several variations of VG positions. This paper discusses their influence on the turbine performance. The authors focus especially on the start-up performance as well as achieving increased power output at lower wind speeds. The vortex generators reduce the risk of laminar separation and enhance the lift in some configurations by more than 40% at low Reynolds numbers.
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Ninnemann, Todd, and Wing F. Ng. "Supersonic Through-Flow Fan Blade Cascade Studies: Part II — Riblet Effects." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0494.

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An experimental study to determine the effects of riblets on the performance of the Supersonic Throughflow Fan (STF) cascade blades was performed. The unique flow conditions of the STF provided a new application of using riblets to reduce aerodynamic losses. The cascade was tested in the Virginia Tech intermittent wind tunnel facility, where the Mach and Reynolds (based on chord) numbers were 2.36 and 4.8 × 106, respectively. The riblet sheets were symmetric v-grooved type and were applied onto the blade surfaces. Three different riblet heights were tested: 0.023, 0.033, and 0.051 mm. Riblet testing was conducted at design incidence as well as at off-design conditions (incidence angles: +5, −10 deg). To evaluate the performance of the riblets on the blades, a Pitot-static probe was used to measure the wake profile downstream of the cascade. The resultant total pressure profile was then integrated to obtain an overall mass-averaged loss coefficient. This loss coefficient was compared with a control test case where an equivalent thickness of smooth material is applied to the blade. Results show that at the design incidence, the riblet sheet with a height of 0.033 mm provides the optimal benefit, with a reduction of 8.5% in loss coefficient compared to the control case. Smaller effects were measured at the off-design conditions.
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Kirkman, Richard, and Meredith Metzger. "Conceptual Design of an Adaptive Wind Tunnel for the Generation of Unsteady Complex Flow Patterns." In ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2005-77178.

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The present paper describes the conceptual design of a three-dimensional adaptive wind tunnel capable of generating complex, unsteady flow fields in a relatively compact physical domain. The design involves multiple, independently controllable vents located around the periphery of a semi-enclosed facility. Desired flow patterns at target areas within the facility are produced by actively steering the inlet flow via appropriately adjusting the magnitude and direction of the air flow entering from each vent. The present study is motivated by a desire to incorporate tactile wind sensation into CAVE-like virtual environments, thereby increasing the overall sense of immersion in the virtual reality. The present wind tunnel design concept may also have potential application to laboratory studies of such problems as unsteady aerodynamics. Results in the present study include examples of two flow patterns obtained from numerical simulations using Fluent. Results from a companion parametric study analyzing the sensitivity of the numerical solution to mesh size and tolerance are also provided. In addition, the feasibility of using a linear-based control strategy to generate prescribed flow patterns within the wind tunnel is discussed.
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Banerjee, Abhisek, Sukanta Roy, Prasenjit Mukherjee, and Ujjwal K. Saha. "Unsteady Flow Analysis Around an Elliptic-Bladed Savonius-Style Wind Turbine." In ASME 2014 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2014-8141.

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Although considerable progress has already been achieved in the design of wind turbines, the available technical designs are not yet adequate to develop a reliable wind energy converter especially meant for small-scale applications. The Savonius-style wind turbine appears to be particularly promising for the small-scale applications because of its design simplicity, good starting ability, insensitivity to wind directions, relatively low operating speed, low cost and easy installation. However, its efficiency is reported to be inferior as compared to other wind turbines. Aiming for that, a number of investigations have been carried out to increase the performance of this turbine with various blade shapes. In the recent past, investigations with different blade geometries show that an elliptic-bladed turbine has the potential to harness wind energy more efficiently. In view of this, the present study attempts to assess the performance of an elliptic-bladed Savonius-style wind turbine using 2D unsteady simulations. The SST k-ω turbulence model is used to simulate the airflow over the turbine blades. The power and torque coefficients are calculated at rotating conditions, and the results obtained are validated with the wind tunnel experimental data. Both the computational and experimental studies indicate a better performance with the elliptical blades. Further, the present analysis also demonstrates improved flow characteristics of the elliptic-bladed turbine over the conventional semi-circular design.
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Guedel, Alain, Mirela Robitu, Nicolas Descharmes, Didier Amor, and Je´rome Guillard. "Prediction of the Blade Trailing-Edge Noise of an Axial Flow Fan." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-45256.

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The objective of this work is to predict the trailing-edge noise of axial fans with an analytical model deduced from an extension of Amiet’s formulation. The input data of the acoustic model are the frequency spectra and the spanwise correlation length scales of the wall-pressure fluctuations on the blade suction side close to the trailing edge. This model was successfully validated in former studies on single steady airfoils in anechoic wind tunnels and, to a lesser extent, on an axial fan equipped with small unsteady pressure transducers flush mounted on the blade suction side. The present research is carried out on a 6-blade axial fan no longer equipped with embedded pressure transducers. The input data of the prediction are then deduced from non-dimensional spectra and correlation lengths of the pressure fluctuations measured in the previous study and RANS simulations performed on the test fan. A validation of the prediction method is made by comparing the predicted and measured sound power spectra of the fan for two blade pitch angles and different operating points.
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Yadav, M., Xin Dai, and J. Reece Roth. "Pitot Tube and Wind Tunnel Studies of the Flow Induced by a One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge Plasma (OAUGDP) Actuator." In IEEE Conference Record - Abstracts. 2005 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2005.359190.

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Reports on the topic "Flow studies in wind tunnels"

1

Schneider, Steven P. Towards High-Reynolds-Number Quiet Flow in Hypersonic Wind Tunnels. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada500049.

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Grossir, Guillaume. On the design of quiet hypersonic wind tunnels. Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35294/tm57.

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This document presents a thorough literature review on the development of hypersonic quiet tunnels. The concept of boundary layer transition in high-speed flows is presented first. Its consequences on the free-stream turbulence levels in ground facilities are reviewed next, demonstrating that running boundary layers along the nozzle walls must remain laminar for quiet operation. The design key points that enable laminar boundary layers and hypersonic operation with low free-stream noise levels are then identified and discussed. The few quiet facilities currently operating through the world are also presented, along with their design characteristics and performances. The expected characteristics and performances of a European quiet tunnel are also discussed, along with flow characterization methodologies and different measurement techniques. It is finally shown that the required expertise to establish the first European quiet hypersonic wind tunnel is mostly at hand.
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