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Journal articles on the topic 'FLOWABLE COMPOSITES'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Nadgouda, Mrinal, Aditya Patel, Pradnya Nikhade, Manoj Chandak, and Shraddha Patel. "Transiting Milestones in Conventional Composites: A Headway for Flowables." Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University 18, no. 3 (2023): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_90_23.

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Flowable composite materials still need to be explored. Most literature generally addresses conventional composites, with little emphasis on flowables. This review article provides a concise overview of many essential characteristics of this helpful material. Newer generations of flowable composites incorporating improved mechanical properties such as higher compressive strength due to increased filler loading have come into practice in restorative dentistry recently. These provide benefits of improved handling properties and ease of placement into prepared cavities. This makes them unique and

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Tsujimoto, Akimasa, Masao Irie, Erica Cappelletto Nogueira Teixeira, et al. "Relationships between Flexural and Bonding Properties, Marginal Adaptation, and Polymerization Shrinkage in Flowable Composite Restorations for Dental Application." Polymers 13, no. 16 (2021): 2613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162613.

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To evaluate the flexural and bonding properties, marginal adaptation, and polymerization shrinkage in flowable composite restorations and their relationships, four new generation flowable composites, one conventional, and one bulk-fill flowable composite were used in this study. Flexural properties of the composites and shear bond strength to enamel and dentin for flowable restorations were measured immediately and 24 h after polymerization. Marginal adaptation, polymerization shrinkage, and stress were also investigated immediately after polymerization. The flexural properties, and bond stren

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Shimatani, Y., A. Tsujimoto, WW Barkmeier, et al. "Simulated Cuspal Deflection and Flexural Properties of Bulk-Fill and Conventional Flowable Resin Composites." Operative Dentistry 45, no. 5 (2020): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/18-160-l.

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Clinical Relevance Some bulk-fill flowable resin composites produce less cuspal deflection than a conventional incrementally filled flowable resin composites. SUMMARY Objective: This study investigated simulated cuspal deflection and flexural properties of bulk-fill and conventional flowable resin composites. Methods and Materials: Five bulk-fill and six conventional flowable resin composites were evaluated. Aluminium blocks with a mesio-occlusal-distal cavity were prepared and randomly divided into groups for each of the different measurement techniques and were further subdivided according t

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Matsui, Nagisa, Mayumi Maesako, Ahmad Alkhazaleh, Masao Irie, and Akimasa Tsujimoto. "Correlation Between Polymerization Shrinkage and Filler Content for Universal Shade Flowable Resin-Based Composites." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 16, no. 5 (2025): 155. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16050155.

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The purpose of this study was to measure the filler content by weight and volume of universal shade flowable resin-based composites and analyze the correlation between polymerization shrinkage and filler content. The filler content by weight of six universal shade flowalble resin-based composites (Bulk Base Hard II Medium Flow, A-Uno Flow Basic, Clearfil Majesty ES Flow Low, Gracefill Low Flow, Omnichroma Flow, Omnichroma Flow Bulk) was measured in accordance with ISO 17304. The filler content by volume of each flowable resin-based composite was determined by measuring the density of the fille

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Magalhães, Tiago, Rita Fidalgo-Pereira, Orlanda Torres, et al. "Microscopic Inspection of the Adhesive Interface of Composite Onlays after Cementation on Low Loading: An In Vitro Study." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, no. 3 (2023): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14030148.

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Purpose: This study aimed to assess the layer thickness and microstructure of traditional resin-matrix cements and flowable resin-matrix composites at dentin and enamel to composite onlay interfaces after cementation on low loading magnitude. Materials and Methods: Twenty teeth were prepared and conditioned with an adhesive system for restoration with resin-matrix composite onlays manufactured by CAD-CAM. On cementation, tooth-to-onlay assemblies were distributed into four groups, including two traditional resin-matrix cements (groups M and B), one flowable resin-matrix composite (group G), an

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Jang, J.-H., S.-H. Park, and I.-N. Hwang. "Polymerization Shrinkage and Depth of Cure of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites and Highly Filled Flowable Resin." Operative Dentistry 40, no. 2 (2015): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/13-307-l.

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SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the polymerization behavior and depth of cure (DOC) of recently introduced resin composites for posterior use: highly filled flowable composite and composites for bulk fill. A highly filled flowable (G-aenial Universal Flo [GUF]), two bulk-fill flowables (Surefil SDR Flow [SDR] and Venus Bulk fill [VBF]), and a bulk-fill nonflowable composite (Tetric N-Ceram Bulk fill [TBF]) were compared with two conventional composites (Tetric Flow [TF], Filtek Supreme Ultra [FS]). Linear polymerization shrinkage and polymerization shrinkage stress were each meas

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Arregui, María, Luís Giner, Marco Ferrari, and Montserrat Mercadé. "Colour Stability of Self-Adhesive Flowable Composites before and after Storage in Water." Key Engineering Materials 631 (November 2014): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.631.143.

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Objectives:The aim of this study was to compare colour stability of two self-adhesive flowable composites with four methacrylate-based composites (three flowable composites and one universal resin-based composite) after immersion in water at 60°C for 30 days.Methods:The study was conducted using the following five shade A2 flowable composites (n=30): one microhybrid (G-aenial Universal Flo), one universal (X-Flow), one nanohybrid (Premise flowable) and two self-adhesive (Vertise Flow and experimental GF-10) and one microhybrid universal resin-based composite (G-aenial Posterior). A spectrophot

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Ryou, Dong-Bum, Hyo-Sang Park, Kyo-Han Kim, and Tae-Yub Kwon. "Use of Flowable Composites for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding." Angle Orthodontist 78, no. 6 (2008): 1105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/013008-51.1.

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Abstract Objective: To test the bonding characteristics of four flowable composites for orthodontic bracket bonding. Materials and Methods: Metal brackets were bonded to acid-etched human enamel using four flowable composites (Grandio Flow, GF; UniFil Flow, UF; UniFil LoFlo Plus, UL; and DenFil Flow, DF), an orthodontic bonding system (Transbond XT, TX), and a restorative composite (Filtek Z250, FZ). After 24 hours of storage in water at 37°C, a shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed. After debonding, the adhesive remnant index (ARI) was assessed. In addition, the flow and flexural stren

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Bonilla, ED, RG Stevenson, AA Caputo, and SN White. "Microleakage Resistance of Minimally Invasive Class I Flowable Composite Restorations." Operative Dentistry 37, no. 3 (2012): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/11-106-l.

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SUMMARY Minimally invasive flowable composite Class I restorations are widely used. However, flowable composites are characterized by low filler contents, modified resin formulations, low moduli of elasticity, low viscosity, generally poor mechanical properties, and decreased long-term stability. The purpose of this study was to compare the microleakage resistance of a wide variety of flowable composites used with their manufacturers' recommended bonding systems to that of a long-used and widely studied microhybrid composite when placed as minimally invasive occlusal restorations. Molar teeth

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Tarcin, B., B. Gumru, S. Peker, and HS Ovecoglu. "Evaluation of Radiopacity of Bulk-fill Flowable Composites Using Digital Radiography." Operative Dentistry 41, no. 4 (2016): 424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/15-153-l.

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SUMMARY New flowable composites that may be bulk-filled in layers up to 4 mm are indicated as a base beneath posterior composite restorations. Sufficient radiopacity is one of the several important requirements such materials should meet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of bulk-fill flowable composites and to provide a comparison with conventional flowable composites using digital imaging. Ten standard specimens (5 mm in diameter, 1 mm in thickness) were prepared from each of four different bulk-fill flowable composites and nine different conventional flowable composites.

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Rajabi, Hadi, Michael Denny, Kostas Karagiannopoulos, and Haralampos Petridis. "Comparison of Flexural Strength and Wear of Injectable, Flowable and Paste Composite Resins." Materials 17, no. 19 (2024): 4749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17194749.

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(1) Objectives: This study investigated and compared the wear and flexural strength of two highly filled (injectable), one flowable and one paste composite. (2) Methods: Two highly filled flowable composites (G-aenial Universal Injectable and Beautifil Plus F00), a paste composite (Empress Direct) and a conventional flowable (Tetric EvoFlow) were tested. A two-body wear test was carried out using 10 disc-shaped samples from each group, which were subjected to 200,000 wear machine cycles to simulate wear, followed by Scanning Electron Microscope analysis. Flexural strength was tested using a th

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Gama, Ana Caroline Silva, Andre Guaraci de Vito Moraes, Lilyan Cardoso Yamasaki, Alessandro Dourado Loguercio, Ceci Nunes Carvalho, and Jose Bauer. "Properties of Composite Materials Used for Bracket Bonding." Brazilian Dental Journal 24, no. 3 (2013): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302184.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the shear bond strength to enamel, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and contraction stress of one orthodontic composite and two flowable composites. Orthodontic brackets were bonded to 45 human maxillary premolars with the composites Transbond XT, Filtek Z-350 flow and Opallis flow and tested for shear bond strength. For measurement of flexural strength and flexural modulus, specimens were fabricated and tested under flexion. For the contraction stress test, cylindrical specimens were tested and an extensometer determined the height of the

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Ludovichetti, Francesco Saverio, Patrizia Lucchi, Giulia Zambon, et al. "Depth of Cure, Hardness, Roughness and Filler Dimension of Bulk-Fill Flowable, Conventional Flowable and High-Strength Universal Injectable Composites: An In Vitro Study." Nanomaterials 12, no. 12 (2022): 1951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12121951.

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(1) Objective: To evaluate and compare the depth of cure (DOC) of two bulk-fill flowable composites (Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable Restorative and Tetric EvoFlow Bulk Fill), two conventional flowable composites (Filtek Supreme XTE Flowable Restorative and G-ænial Flo X) and one high-strength universal injectable composite (G-ænial Universal Injectable). (2) Methods: specimens were placed in a stainless-steel mold with an orifice of 4 mm in diameter and 10 mm in depth and light-cured for 20 s using a light emitting diode (LED) light-curing unit (LCU) with an irradiance of 1000 mW/cm2; depth of cure

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Zarabian, Tara, Saba Azadi Mood, Nazanin Kiomarsi, Homa Noorollahian, and Neda Hakimiha. "Microshear Bond Strength of a Self-adhesive Composite to Erbium Laser-Treated Primary Enamel." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 11, no. 2 (2020): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2020.30.

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Introduction: Advances have been made in the composition of flowable composites in recent years and self-adhering composites, which do not require a bonding agent, have recently been introduced to the market. This study aimed to assess the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of a self-adhering flowable composite (Vertise) to primary enamel treated with a graphite disc with silicon carbide particles (SIC) and laser irradiation, the result of which was compared to that of a conventional flowable composite (Premise). Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 72 samples of sound primary enamel we

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Brueckner, C., H. Schneider, and R. Haak. "Shear Bond Strength and Tooth-Composite Interaction With Self-Adhering Flowable Composites." Operative Dentistry 42, no. 1 (2017): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/15-365-l.

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SUMMARY Purpose: To evaluate the tooth-composite interaction (A) and shear bond strength (SBS; B) of self-adhering flowables. Methods and Materials: (A) Thirty-two human molars with one Class V cavity were restored with Vertise Flow (VF), Fusio Liquid Dentin (FLD), an experimental self-adhering flowable (EF), or Adper Prompt-L-Pop/Filtek Supreme XT Flowable (PLP). Teeth were prepared according to laboratory standard and stored in water (24 hours, 37°C). Microleakage (ML; percentage interface length at enamel [E]/dentin [D]) and tooth-composite interaction were investigated. (B) The buccal surf

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Ranjbar Omrani, Ladan, Mahdi Abbasi, Fariba Motevasselian, Mohmad Amin Yektaei, and Farhood Najafi. "Degree of conversion and water sorption of self-adhesive and conventional flowable composites." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 19 (January 4, 2021): e208556. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8658556.

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Aim: Self-adhesive flowable composite resins have been recently introduced to the market. Degree of conversion (DC) and water sorption (WS) are two important parameters affecting the properties of restorative materials. This study aimed to assess the DC and WS of a self-adhesive flowable composite resin in comparison with two conventional flowable composite resins. Methods: Vertise Flow (VF) self-adhesive and Tetric-N Flow (TF) and Grandio Flow (GF) conventional flowable composites were evaluated in this in vitro, experimental study. The DC (n=3) was determined by attenuated total reflectance-

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Sayed, Mohammed E. "Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Aesthetic Orthodontic Brackets Bonded to Aged Composite Restorative Resin Materials." Polymers 17, no. 5 (2025): 621. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17050621.

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Patient demands for aesthetic orthodontic brackets (OBs) has increased since orthodontic treatments are of long duration. Clinicians encounter old composite restorations frequently, against which OBs need to be bonded. This study aims to determine the shear bond strength (SBS) of two aesthetic OBs (ceramic and resin) against aged composite resins (flowable and packable) after standard surface treatment. A total of 96 disk-shaped specimens of two aged (A) composite resins [flowable (F) and packable (P)] were divided into eight groups, using ceramic (C) and plastic (P) brackets, out of which fou

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G. Agha, Bahn. "Flowable Composite for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding (in vitro study)." Tikrit Journal for Dental Sciences 2, no. 1 (2024): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjds.2.1.8.

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Flowable resin composites have been recommended for many clinical uses and have been formulated in a variety of compositions and viscosities to meet various uses. The aim of this study was to determine if flowable composite with or without resins could be used as orthodontic bracket bonding. Sixty noncarious human premolars were divided into three equal groups. Metal brackets were bonded to etched enamel using a composite resin control (Resilience® orthodontic adhesive) and flowable composite with and without sealant resin (Resilience® flowable composite). After 72 hours of incubation in deion

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Brian S, Nicolas, Juanita Gunawan, Anastasia Prahasti, and Johan Budiman. "Effect of Combination of Flowable and Packable Composite Resins on Restorative Compressive Strength." International Journal of Social Health 3, no. 6 (2024): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.58860/ijsh.v3i6.210.

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Teeth with complex cavities often have a compromised hard tissue structure, making them susceptible to fractures. This necessitates the use of restoration materials capable of effectively replacing the lost tooth structure, particularly when the damage results from caries, trauma, excessive preparation, or root canal treatment. Recent advancements in composite resin materials include flowable and packable composites reinforced with short fibres, which can enhance mechanical properties by improving fracture resistance through fibre reinforcement. This study aims to evaluate the impact of combin

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Kaisarly, Dalia, D. Meierhofer, M. El Gezawi, P. Rösch, and K. H. Kunzelmann. "Effects of flowable liners on the shrinkage vectors of bulk-fill composites." Clinical Oral Investigations 25, no. 8 (2021): 4927–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03801-2.

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Abstract Objectives This investigation evaluated the effect of flowable liners beneath a composite restoration applied via different methods on the pattern of shrinkage vectors. Methods Forty molars were divided into five groups (n = 8), and cylindrical cavities were prepared and bonded with a self-etch adhesive (AdheSe). Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TBF) was used as the filling material in all cavities. The flowable liners Tetric EvoFlow Bulk Fill (TEF) and SDR were used to line the cavity floor. In gp1-TBF, the flowable composite was not used. TEF was applied in a thin layer in gp2-fl/TEF + TB

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Nahidh, Mohammed, Mostafa Kareem Sofar, and Adith Venugopal. "Flowable Composites in Daily Orthodontic Practice - A Review." Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences 49, no. 2 (2022): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.2.7.

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With the advancement of adhesive materials and application techniques, orthodontists can now use these materials for various purposes in their regular practice. The scope, limitations, and effectiveness of using flowable composite in the daily orthodontic practice have been discussed. In comparison to other alternative procedures, this paper highlighted several uses of flowable composite in orthodontics that could save both effort and chairside time, as well as stock. Searching without restrictions has been done by two researchers in different databases like PubMed Central, Science Direct, Wil

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Abdelaziz, Khalid M., Shugufta Mir, Shafait Ullah Khateeb, et al. "Influences of Successive Exposure to Bleaching and Fluoride Preparations on the Surface Hardness and Roughness of the Aged Resin Composite Restoratives." Medicina 56, no. 9 (2020): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56090476.

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Background and Objectives: Surfaces of composite restorations are adversely affected upon bleaching and topical fluoride application. Such a procedure is normally carried out in the presence of restorations already serving in a different oral environment, although previous in vitro studies only considered the freshly-prepared composite specimens for assessment. The current study accordingly aimed to evaluate both the surface hardness and roughness of aged composite restoratives following their successive exposure to bleaching and topical fluoride preparations. Materials and Methods: Disc speci

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Georgiev, G., and T. Dikova. "Hardness investigation of conventional, bulk fill and flowable dental composites." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 109, no. 2 (2021): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6261.

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Purpose: of the present paper is to investigate the micro-hardness of three types of resin-based composites – conventional, bulk fill and flowable. Design/methodology/approach: Cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 5 mm and thicknesses of 2, 3 and 4 mm were made from each composite. They were light cured for 20, 40 and 60 s with light intensity of 600, 1000 or 1500 mW/cm2. The Vickers micro-hardness was measured on the top and bottom surface of the specimens. Findings: The highest micro-hardness was measured in bulk fill composite, followed by conventional and the lowest was measured in the

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Miyano, Yuko, Masaya Suzuki, and Koichi Shinkai. "Toothbrush Abrasion of Restorations Fabricated with Flowable Resin Composites with Different Viscosities In Vitro." Materials 14, no. 21 (2021): 6436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216436.

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The purpose of this study was to examine toothbrush-induced abrasion of resin composite restorations fabricated with flowable resin composites of different viscosities in vitro. In this study, six types of flowable resin composites with different flowability (Beautifil Flow F02, F02; Beautifil Flow F10, F10; Beautifil Flow Plus F00, P00; Beautifil Flow Plus F03, P03; Beautifil Flow Plus X F00, X00; and Beautifil Flow Plus X F03, X03) were used. For the toothbrush abrasion test, the standard cavity (4 mm in diameter and 2 mm in depth) formed on the ceramic block was filled with each flowable re

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Khan, Abdul Samad. "Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on Structural and Physical Properties of Resin-Based Dental Composites." Polymers 13, no. 13 (2021): 2054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13132054.

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This study aimed to investigate the influence of ultrasonic heat before photo-polymerization on the structural and physical properties of dental composites. Commercially available bulk-fill, nano-hybrid, micro-hybrid, and flowable composites were used. The samples were divided into three groups i.e., (i) without ultrasonic activation, (ii) ultrasonic activation at 15 Hz for 30 s, and (iii) ultrasonic activation at 15 Hz for 60 s. The degree of conversion percentage (DC%) and structural changes were evaluated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The presence of voids in restored tooth

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Poggio, Claudio, Carla R. Arciola, Federico Rosti, Andrea Scribante, Enrica Saino, and Livia Visai. "Adhesion of Streptococcus Mutans to Different Restorative Materials." International Journal of Artificial Organs 32, no. 9 (2009): 671–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139880903200917.

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Adherence of oral bacteria to the surface of dental restorative materials is considered an important step in the development of secondary caries and periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the adherence of different restorative materials to Streptococcus mutans strain (CCUG35176) in order to ascertain possible differences. The materials tested ranged across different classes including: flowable composites (Gradia Direct LoFlo; Filtek Supreme XT Flowable), anterior composites (Gradia Direct Anterior), universal composites (Filtek Supreme XT), packable composite

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Barutcigil, Çağatay, Osman Tolga Harorli, Yusuf Ziya Bayindir, and Funda Bayindir. "Effect of Water Storage and Additional Polymerization on the Color Parameters of Flowable Resin Composites." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 14, no. 6 (2013): 1109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1460.

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ABSTRACT Aims Tooth colored dental restorative materials should maintain their chromatic properties throughout their service period. The aim of this study was to examine the possible color changes of flowable resin composite filling materials following water storage. The effect of additional light curing on color stability of restorative materials was also investigated. Materials and methods Six brands of light-cured flowable resin composites of the same shade (A3) were prepared from two groups generated by curing for 20 or 60 seconds. The initial color parameters of the flowable composite sam

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Floriani, Franciele, Carlos A. Jurado, Nikkita Madhu, Mark A. Lackey, Francisco X. Azpiazu-Flores, and Guilherme Carpena Lopes. "Color Stability of Bulk-Fill Flowable Resin Composites After Artificial Aging." Dentistry Journal 12, no. 11 (2024): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj12110350.

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Background: This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of bulk-fill flowable resin composites with 2 difference shades at baseline and after artificial aging. Methods: Disk-shaped specimens (Ø10 × 4 mm) were fabricated from three bulk-fill flowable resin resin composites (Filtek Bulk-Fill Flow, Venus Bulk-Fill Flow, and Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow). The specimens in each bulk-fill resin composite group were divided into two subgroups (n = 10 per subgroup) with two different shades, A1 (N = 30) and A3 (N = 30), and were polymerized with light curing (800 mW/cm2/Valo LED Unit, Ultradent) and p

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Arya, Aishwarya, Bobbin Gill, Nirmala Bishnoi, Dishanki Vishwanadulwar, Dron Lakhani, and Aishwarya Bhatnagar. "Comparative Assessment of Microleakage in Various Bulkfill Flowable Composites: An In Vitro Study." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 16, Suppl 4 (2024): S3976—S3978. https://doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1548_24.

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ABSTRACT Aim and Objectives: To evaluate microleakage among three bulkfill flowable composites and a conventional packable composite. Material and Methods: 60 extracted molars were selected and randomly divided into four groups of 15 teeth each (Group A-Control group; G-Aenial, Group B-SDR Plus, Group C-Tetric EvoFlow, Group D-EverX Flow Bulkfill flowable composite). MO and DO cavities of specified dimensions were prepared with margins 1 mm below CEJ. Restorations in Group A were placed incrementally while in Groups B, C and D were bulkfilled (4 mm) followed by a capping layer of G-Aenial. The

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Sakuma, Keiko, Taku Horie, Takafumi Kishimoto, et al. "Investigation on the Biaxial Flexural Strength of Universal Shade Resin-Based Composites." Polymers 16, no. 13 (2024): 1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16131853.

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The biaxial flexural strength of universal shade and conventional dental resin-based composites before and after alkaline degradation was investigated. Disk samples were prepared from these resin-based composites, and some of the specimens were immersed in 0.1 M NaOH solution to create deteriorated samples. The biaxial flexural strength of the samples before and after the alkaline degradation test was measured and statistically tested. The fracture surfaces after the biaxial flexural test were observed using a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the biaxial flexural strength

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Ивашов, А., A. Ivashov, Ю. Мандра, J. Mandra, Д. Зайцев, and D. Zaytsev. "Modelling of human teeth deformation behaviour after restoration." Actual problems in dentistry 12, no. 2 (2016): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2016-12-2-19-23.

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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">In the work the ef cacy of the adhesive dental restoration with different composites at monoaxial compression is tested. Deformation behavior of composite materials (SDR, Filtek P60, Filtek Ultimate Flowable, Filtek Ultimate) is compared in adhesive recording to a dentine at monoaxial compression. It is shown that mechanical properties of the composite materials are different because of their properties, but it is possible to predict their behavior in teeth after composite adhesive restoration. The highlled composites (to Filtek Ultimate and Filtek P6

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Cevanti, Twi Agnita, Yolanda Agustina Tameno, Lizda Johar Mawarani, Yulie Emilda Akwan, Widyasri Prananingrum, and Meekyoung Son. "Cocos nucifera l. (coir) fiber application as a filler and its effect on the volumetric shrinkage of flowable composite resin: an in vitro study." Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry 37, no. 1 (2025): 35–43. https://doi.org/10.24198/pjd.vol37no1.58864.

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Introduction: The use of composite resin as a restorative material has the disadvantage of experiencing volumetric shrinkage during polymerization, which can lead to restoration failure. Fiber-reinforced composites can reduce volumetric shrinkage in restorative materials. Coir fiber has the potential to replace synthetic fillers because its hollow fiber structure resembles foam, supporting a compact yet lightweight structure. This characteristic is expected to reduce the volumetric shrinkage of composite resin. This study aims to analyze the effect of coir fiber application as a filler on flow

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Abedian, B., and P. Millstein. "An Effective Method for Spreading Flowable Composites in Resin-based Restorations." Operative Dentistry 31, no. 1 (2006): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/04-181.

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SUMMARY Cavity lining with flowable composites has been suggested for better marginal adaptation and a reduction in interfacial stress and post-operative sensitivity. The following in vitro study compares the spreading of flowable composite that lines the inner wall of a test cavity using an explorer and a specially designed smooth, oscillating, off-center rotating bur spun at 300 to 600 rpm. Two commercial flowable materials were used in this study. Results: With use of the rotating bur, a more consistent, uniform cavity lining was achieved. This was not possible using the dental explorer. Co

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Steffen, Tobias, Matej Par, Thomas Attin, and Tobias T. Tauböck. "Effect of Fast High-Irradiance Photo-Polymerization of Resin Composites on the Dentin Bond Strength." Materials 15, no. 21 (2022): 7467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217467.

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This study investigated the influence of conventional (10 s at 1160 mW/cm2) and fast high-irradiance (3 s at 2850 mW/cm2) light curing on the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of bulk-fill resin composites bonded to human dentin. Sixty-four extracted human molars were ground to dentin and randomly assigned into eight groups (n = 8 per group). After application of a three-step adhesive system (Optibond FL), four different bulk-fill composites (two sculptable and two flowable composites) were placed. Of these, one sculptable (Tetric PowerFill) and one flowable (Tetric PowerFlow) composite were

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Moslemi, Masoumeh, Faezeh Fotouhi Ardakani, Fatemeh Javadi, Zahra Khalili Sadrabad, Zahra Shadkar, and Mohammad Saeid Shadkar. "Evaluation of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Effect on Microshear Bond Strength of a Self-Adhesive Flowable Composite in the Dentin of Permanent Molar: An In Vitro Study." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4856285.

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Aim and Background. Recently, new restorative materials such as self-adhesive flowable composites, because of their simple use and no need to bonding and etching, are considered important, particularly in pediatric dentistry. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on microshear bond strength of self-adhesive flowable composite on permanent teeth dentin in vitro.Material and Methods. In this experimental study, 40 dentin sections were prepared from healthy third molars and divided into two groups according to their surface preparation by Er,Cr:YSGG laser or without

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Santis, Roberto De, Vincenzo Lodato, Vito Gallicchio, et al. "Cuspal Deflection and Temperature Rise of MOD Cavities Restored through the Bulk-Fill and Incremental Layering Techniques Using Flowable and Packable Bulk-Fill Composites." Materials 13, no. 24 (2020): 5664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245664.

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Background: The aim of this study was to investigate cuspal deflection caused by material shrinkage and temperature rise occurring in the pulp chamber during photopolymerization. The aim of this study was also to investigate the effect of flowable and packable bulk-fill composites on cuspal deflection occurring in mesio-occlusal–distal (MOD) cavities restored through the bulk-fill or through the incremental layering technique. Additionally, mechanical and thermal properties of bulk-fill composites were considered. Methods: Two bulk-fill composites (high-viscosity and low-viscosity), largely di

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Kaneko, Hirofumi, Chiharu Kawamoto, Yu Toida, et al. "Evaluation of Shade Integration of a Novel Universal-Shade Flowable Bulk-Filling Resin Composite." Materials 17, no. 23 (2024): 5944. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17235944.

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Background: This study aimed to evaluate the color-matching and light transmission properties of a newly developed aesthetic flowable resin composite, OCFB-001. Methods: Rubber molds containing cylindrical cavities were filled with Estelite Sigma Quick, and 40 resin composite (CR) molds with simulated Class I cavities were prepared in shades A1, A2, A3, and A4, resulting in a total of 160 samples. Following bonding procedures, four different flowable resin composites (n = 10) were introduced into the cavities. The color difference (ΔE00) was calculated using two methods. A two-way analysis of

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Nair, Vedha R., Jayashri Prabakar, Ganesh Jeevanandan, and Rajeshkumar Shanmugam. "Assessment of Dye Penetration and Penetration Depth of Hydrophilic Sealant and Flowable Composite." Journal of Pioneering Medical Sciences 13, no. 7 (2024): 179–84. https://doi.org/10.47310/jpms2024130727.

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Objectives: Pit and fissure sealants provide a protective barrier against microbial infiltration and plaque accumulation, effectively reducing the risk of occlusal caries. However, microleakage remains a significant challenge, influencing sealant efficacy. This study evaluates and compares the penetration depth and microleakage of hydrophilic sealants and flowable composites under in vitro conditions. Methods: Twenty extracted third molars with deep pits and fissures were randomly divided into two groups. Acid etching was performed using 37% orthophosphoric acid, followed by the application of

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Kwon, O.-H., D.-H. Kim, and S.-H. Park. "The Influence of Elastic Modulus of Base Material on the Marginal Adaptation of Direct Composite Restoration." Operative Dentistry 35, no. 4 (2010): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/09-372-l.

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Kölüş, Türkay, Ayşe Selenge Akbulut, Özlem Kahveci, and Hayriye Esra Ülker. "In vitro evaluation of the caries-preventive effect of bioactive resin composites for orthodontic clear aligner attachments." Australasian Orthodontic Journal 41, no. 1 (2025): 229–35. https://doi.org/10.2478/aoj-2025-0023.

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Abstract Aim The increased risk of caries during orthodontic treatment is a significant prevention challenge. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the caries-preventive potential of bioactive composites used in clear aligner attachments. Methods A bioactive composite group consisted of Activa Bioactive Restorative (Pulpdent, USA), while a traditional flowable composite group included G-Aenial Universal Flo (GC, Japan). A total of 24 sound extracted human teeth were cleaned using pumice, and all surfaces except for a 3 × 3 mm area on the buccal crown were coated with acid resistant varnish. St

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Shivalinga, BM, S. Pradeep, Ravi Shanthraj, and H. Jyothi Kiran. "Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength and Debonding Properties of a Conventional Composite and Flowable Composites used for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding." World Journal of Dentistry 4, no. 1 (2013): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1195.

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ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate and compare shear bond strength (SBS) and debonding characters of the Transbond XT (BisGMA-based composite), Esthet-X flow (flowable composite), Filtek Z-350 (flowable composite). Materials and methods A total of 90 human premolars were divided into group I, Transbond XT (n = 30); group II, Esthet-X flow (n = 30) and group III, Filtek Z-350 (n = 30), the preadjusted edgewise stainless steel premolar brackets were bonded to evaluate the shear bond and debonding properties. Results The results of the statistical analysis comparing the three groups indicated no statistica

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., C. P. Ramesh. "ANALYSIS OF EXCAVATABLE FLOWABLE COMPOSITES." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 06, no. 14 (2017): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2017.0614012.

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De Santis, Roberto, Vito Gallicchio, Vincenzo Lodato, Sandro Rengo, Alessandra Valletta, and Carlo Rengo. "Effect of Low and High Viscosity Composites on Temperature Rise of Premolars Restored through the Bulk-Fill and the Incremental Layering Techniques." Applied Sciences 10, no. 22 (2020): 8041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10228041.

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Background: Deep dental cavities can be restored through a single step according to the bulk-fill technique. Due to the great amount of resin to be cured, a main concern is the temperature rise occurring in the pulp chamber, potentially higher than that developed through the incremental layering technique. Temperature rise of bulk-fill composites have been evaluated. Methods: Bulk-fill composites, differing in material composition and viscosity, were used. Maximum temperature and temperature rate occurring in the composites were measured. Mesio-occlusal-distal cavities of human premolars were

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Nguyen, Anh Duc, Kerstin Bitter, and Christian Ralf Gernhardt. "Class-I and Class-II Restorations with the Application of a Flowable Composite as an Intermediate Layer—A Narrative Review of Clinical Trials." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 16, no. 3 (2025): 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb16030111.

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The objective of this review is to investigate the effect of an additional layer of flowable composite for cavity lining on the clinical outcome of direct posterior composite restorations. The PICO question (patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome) was stated as follows: Does the additional application of a flowable composite as a cavity liner improve the clinical outcome of Class-I and Class-II restorations? The electronic databases MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILAS, and BBO were assessed for identifying relevant clinical studies. After removal of duplicate records, 309 records could be i

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Calabrez-Filho, S., V. C. N. Calabrez, E. G. Reston, M. F. Andrade, and L. H. Borges. "Influence of the Internal Conditioning of Indirect Restorations of Resin Composite in Relation to Microleakage Using LEDs and QTH Units." Operative Dentistry 34, no. 3 (2009): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/08-83.

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Clinical Relevance An efficient polymerization of resin composite inlays associated with treatment of the surface and luting with dual resinous cement and flowable resin composites presents better longevity of restorations.

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Scotti, Nicola, Allegra Comba, Alberto Gambino, et al. "Microleakage at enamel and dentin margins with a bulk fills flowable resin." European Journal of Dentistry 08, no. 01 (2014): 001–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.126230.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal sealing ability of a bulk fill flowable resin composite on both enamel and dentin substrates. Materials and Methods: 48 non-carious molars were selected and four Class-V cavities were prepared at the CEJ of each sample. Cavities were filled with Venus Diamond (Heraeus Kulzer); Venus Diamond Flow (Heraeus Kulzer) and Surefil SDR (Dentsply). Samples were divided into two groups: First group samples were immersed in a methylene blue solution for 30 min at 25°C. Second group samples were artificially aged and then trea

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Qassim, Mohammed H., Mohammed R. Abdulateef, and Azher M. Mohammed. "Thermocycling Effect on the Flexural Strength of Fiber-Reinforced and Conventional Flowable Composite." Journal of International Oral Health 17, no. 3 (2025): 231–38. https://doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_18_25.

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Abstract Aim: Flowable resin composites are widely used in restorative dentistry but are prone to mechanical degradation under oral conditions. This study evaluated the impact of thermocycling on the flexural strength of a short fiber-reinforced flowable composite compared to two conventional flowable composites. Materials and Methods: Rectangular specimens (25 × 2 × 2 mm) were fabricated using EverX Flow (Group E), Tetric EvoFlow (Group T), and Tokuyama Universal Flow (Group P) (n = 14 per material). Half the samples were tested immediately; the other half were subjected to thermocycling with

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AL-Rawas, Matheel, Yanti Johari, Nazrul M. Yusoff, Dasmawati Mohamad, and Adam Husein. "The versatility of flowable composites. Part 2: clinical uses." Dental Update 49, no. 8 (2022): 633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denu.2022.49.8.633.

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Flowable composite (FC) is a type of tooth-coloured restorative material with a lower viscosity compared to other types of resin composites. FC is considered as a versatile dental material, with a wide range of application. FCs have progressively gained importance in clinical dentistry. The increase in consumer demand has resulted in a gradual upsurge of dental professionals relying on composites in injectable form. Scientific and technological improvements in their properties and handling characteristics have not only seen FCs grow in popularity, but resulted in the development of different g

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Krajangta, Nantawan, Chayanit Angkananuwat, Seelassaya Leelaponglit, Panyapat Saelor, Natthasit Ngamjarrussriwichai, and Awiruth Klaisiri. "The Effect of Whitening and Daily Dentifrices on Red Wine Staining in Different Types of Composite Resins." Applied Sciences 14, no. 24 (2024): 12030. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142412030.

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Injectable resin composites offer flowability while providing enhanced mechanical properties, making them suitable for both posterior and anterior restorations. However, their susceptibility to discoloration and the efficacy of toothpaste in removing stains have not been extensively studied. This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of injectable (G-ænial Universal Injectable), flowable (3M™ Filtek™ Supreme Flowable, 3M, St. Paul, MN, USA), and conventional composite (3M™ Filtek™ Z350 XT Universal Restorative, 3M, MN, USA) after red wine exposure and to compare the stain removal efficac

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Nakano, EL, ASC de Souza, LCC Boaro, LH Catalani, RR Braga, and F. Gonçalves. "Polymerization Stress and Gap Formation of Self-adhesive, Bulk-fill and Flowable Composite Resins." Operative Dentistry 45, no. 6 (2020): E308—E316. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/19-166-l.

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Clinical Relevance Bulk-fill materials show a similar or better performance than control flowable materials regarding interfacial integrity. However, some self-adhesive composites need improvements to achieve competitive performance. SUMMARY Objective: This laboratory study compared the polymerization stress and gap formation of self-adhesive, bulk-fill and control flowable composites. The degree of conversion (DC) and post-gel shrinkage were also assessed. Methods: Two self-adhesive (Vertise Flow and Fusio Liquid Dentin), two bulk-fill (Tetric N-Flow Bulk-Fill and Filtek Bulk-Fill Flowable Re

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