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Journal articles on the topic 'Flower colour'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Gegear, Robert J., and Terence M. Laverty. "Effect of a colour dimorphism on the flower constancy of honey bees and bumble bees." Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, no. 4 (2004): 587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-029.

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We assessed the flower constancy of Italian honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica Spinelli, 1808) and bumble bees (Bombus impatiens Cresson, 1863) by presenting individual foragers with a mixed array of equally rewarding yellow and blue flowers after they were trained to visit each colour in succession. All honey bees showed a high degree of flower constancy to one colour and rarely visited the alternate colour, whereas most bumble bees indiscriminately visited both colours. Foraging rates (flowers visited per minute) and flower handling times did not differ between honey bee and bumble bee for

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PINDER, ROHIT, and NAMITA NAMITA. "Influence of dehydration techniques on colour retention and related traits of gerbera (Gerbera hybrida) flowers." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 5 (2018): 733–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i5.80066.

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Gerbera (Gerbera hybrida) is the most popular florist flower due to various colours, shapes and sizes. It belongs to the family Asteraceae. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of different drying techniques on retention of flower colour and its related traits of Gerbera hybrida var. Doni. Maximum flower colour acceptability score (3.67), high acceptability of texture of dry flowers (3.67), minimum brittleness of dried flowers (2.33), minimum damage of florets (1.33) and maximum score (2.67) for the shape of embedded dry flowers were observed with vacuum air oven drying upto

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Dyer, Adrian G., Skye Boyd-Gerny, Stephen McLoughlin, Marcello G. P. Rosa, Vera Simonov, and Bob B. M. Wong. "Parallel evolution of angiosperm colour signals: common evolutionary pressures linked to hymenopteran vision." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1742 (2012): 3606–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0827.

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Flowering plants in Australia have been geographically isolated for more than 34 million years. In the Northern Hemisphere, previous work has revealed a close fit between the optimal discrimination capabilities of hymenopteran pollinators and the flower colours that have most frequently evolved. We collected spectral data from 111 Australian native flowers and tested signal appearance considering the colour discrimination capabilities of potentially important pollinators. The highest frequency of flower reflectance curves is consistent with data reported for the Northern Hemisphere. The subseq

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Narbona, Eduardo, José C. del Valle, and Justen B. Whittall. "Painting the green canvas: how pigments produce flower colours." Biochemist 43, no. 3 (2021): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio_2021_137.

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Flowering plants are characterized by the production of striking flower colours and these colours are primarily caused by the accumulation of pigments in cells of the floral organs. The extraordinary array of colours displayed in flowers relies on four main pigment groups: chlorophylls, carotenoids, flavonoids and betalains. With thousands of different compounds, flavonoids are the most diverse and widespread pigment group. They include coloured anthocyanins, aurones and chalcones, as well as many flavonoid compounds such as flavones and flavonols that are invisible to humans, but visible to m

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M, Visalakshi, Jawaharlal M, and Thirupathi V. "Freeze Drying on Physiological Characteristics and Sensory Quality of Flowers." Madras Agricultural Journal 102, March (2015): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.001072.

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Drying technique of many ornamental flowers by freeze drying retains the quality and longevity of flowers. In this experiment freeze drying effect on different flowers (rose, carnation, jasmine, orchid and chrysanthemum) for flower colour, flower physiology, tissue integrity and moisture content with dry flower shape were studied. Flowers which recorded optimum moisture loss provided rigidity and uniform cell contraction with shape retention while higher moisture loss resulted in shriveled flowers. Light colour flowers retained colour value compared to dark flowers. The carnation (pink) and ja

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Hill, Peggy S.M, Patrick H. Wells, and Harrington Wells. "Spontaneous flower constancy and learning in honey bees as a function of colour." Animal Behaviour 54, no. 3 (1997): 615–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14818217.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) When presented with an artificial flower patch of blue and yellow pedicellate flowers, individual honey bees, Apis mellifera L., became constant to one of the two flower colours, rarely even sampling the alternative colour. Some bees visited only blue flowers while others visited only yellow flowers. This paper describes the onset of constancy for bees that had had no experience with the experimental apparatus. In 3020 visits, bees failed to land on or drink from the flower colour on which they first landed only 17 times. This behaviour was no

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Rizqiani, Yanuar, Florentina Kusmiyati, and Syaiful Anwar. "Keragaman warna bunga m1 tanaman aster (Callistephus chinensis) Hasil induksi mutasi iradiasi sinar gamma." Journal of Agro Complex 2, no. 1 (2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/joac.2.1.52-58.

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The aims of research was to determine the effect of gamma ray on the flower colour of Daisies. The research design was completely randomized design with five replicates. The irradiation treatment of gamma ray were 0 Gy, 5 Gy, 10 Gy, 15 Gy, 20 Gy. Parameters observed were stalk length, time of flowering, number of flowers, flower diameter, and flower colour. The collected data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued by Least Significance Different (LSD) of 5% level. The result showed that irradiation of gamma ray did not affected stalk length, number of flowers, and time of

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Ryan, Ryan Firman Syah. "Pengaruh Kualitas Cahaya dan Frekuensi Aplikasi Paclobutrazol Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Krisan (Chrysanthemum morifolium)." JURNAL AGRI-TEK : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Eksakta 24, no. 2 (2023): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33319/agtek.v24i2.157.

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Abstract-This research aims to determine the effect of light quality and frequency of application of Paclobutrazol on the growth and yield of chrysanthemum plants. The research was carried out from February to April 2023 using factorial experiments and arranged in a Split Plot Design consisting of a Main Plot and a Sub Plot. The main plot is the influence of light quality using three different colours of light: white, red, and blue. The subplot is the frequency of application of Paclobutrazol, which consists of 4 types, namely 0 times, 1 time, 2 times and 3 times. The data analysis used in thi

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Hassan Al-Bugg, Younis Saeed. "Fruiting Season, Flowering and Peel Characteristics of Leucaena spp. Analytical Study (B)." Biological Sciences - PJSIR 64, no. 2 (2021): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.64.2.2021.175.181.

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 During the flowering seasons the species varied greatly and the seasons were seldom repeated (August-October) with only three species and two species (April-June), which means that they continued throughout the months of the year. Three colours of the flower were observed in total with gradient within these three colours distributed to the studied species. In terms of the colour of the peel, two colours were distinguished only in favour of the brown-gray colour, while the forms of cracks on the outer peel surface were divided into three forms. On the other hand, each type was independen

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Hanifa, Yumna Rahmadias, Elke Gildantia, Pauline Destinugrainy Kasi, Aziz Purwantoro, and Endang Semiarti. "Characterization of Flower’s Color based on CHS Gene Structure in <i>Phalaenopsis</i> ‘OX Queen’ and <i>Dendrobium</i> ‘Cheddi Jagan’ Orchids." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 9, no. 3 (2024): 91511. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.91511.

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Orchids (Orchidaceae) are ornamental plants known for their high aesthetic value attributed to the shapes, colours, and fragrances of their flowers. Two types of hybrid orchids with attractive flowers, namely the Phalaenopsis 'OX Queen' orchid and the Dendrobium 'Cheddi Jagan' boast attractive flowers were used in this research, because of the beauty of its flower colour. The objective of this research is to characterise the morphology of flower colour and CHS (Chalcone Synthase) gene content that induces flower colour. The method used in this research analyzing the flower’s colour by using th

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Donoso, Amanda, Constanza Rivas, Alan Zamorano, Álvaro Peña, Michael Handford, and Danilo Aros. "Understanding Alstroemeria pallida Flower Colour: Links between Phenotype, Anthocyanins and Gene Expression." Plants 10, no. 1 (2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010055.

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Flower colour is mainly due to the accumulation of flavonoids, carotenoids and betalains in the petals. Of these pigments, flavonoids are responsible for a wide variety of colours ranging from pale yellow (flavones, flavonols and flavanodiols) to blue-violet (anthocyanins). This character plays a crucial ecological role by attracting and guiding pollinators. Moreover, in the ornamental plants market, colour has been consistently identified as the main feature chosen by consumers when buying flowers. Considering the importance of this character, the aim of this study was to evaluate flower colo

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Klecka, Jan, Jiří Hadrava, Paolo Biella, and Asma Akter. "Flower visitation by hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in a temperate plant-pollinator network." PeerJ 6 (December 3, 2018): e6025. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6025.

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Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) are among the most important pollinators, although they attract less attention than bees. They are usually thought to be rather opportunistic flower visitors, although previous studied demonstrated that they show colour preferences and their nectar feeding is affected by morphological constraints related to flower morphology. Despite the growing appreciation of hoverflies and other non-bee insects as pollinators, there is a lack of community-wide studies of flower visitation by syrphids. The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed analysis of flower visitatio

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Newman, Ethan, Bruce Anderson, and Steven D. Johnson. "Flower colour adaptation in a mimetic orchid." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1737 (2012): 2309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.2375.

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Although the tremendous variability in floral colour among angiosperms is often attributed to divergent selection by pollinators, it is usually difficult to preclude the possibility that floral colour shifts were driven by non-pollinator processes. Here, we examine the adaptive significance of flower colour in Disa ferruginea , a non-rewarding orchid that is thought to attract its butterfly pollinator by mimicking the flowers of sympatric nectar-producing species. Disa ferruginea has red flowers in the western part of its range and orange flowers in the eastern part—a colour shift that we hypo

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Ng, Leslie, Jair E. Garcia, and Adrian G. Dyer. "Why colour is complex: Evidence that bees perceive neither brightness nor green contrast in colour signal processing." FACETS 3, no. 1 (2018): 800–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2017-0116.

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Honey bees ( Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) potentially rely on a variety of visual cues when searching for flowers in the environment. Both chromatic and achromatic (brightness) components of flower signals have typically been considered simultaneously to understand how flower colours have evolved. However, it is unclear whether honey bees actually use brightness information in their colour perception. We investigated whether free-flying honey bees can process brightness cues in achromatic stimuli when presented at a large visual angle of 28° to ensure colour processing. We found that green c

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15

Rudall, Paula J. "Colourful cones: how did flower colour first evolve?" Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 3 (2019): 759–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz479.

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Abstract Angiosperms that are biotically pollinated typically produce flowers with bright and contrasting colours that help to attract pollinators and hence contribute to the reproductive success of the species. This colourful array contrasts with the much less multicoloured reproductive structures of the four living gymnosperm lineages, which are mostly wind pollinated, though cycads and Gnetales are predominantly pollinated by insects that feed on surface fluids from the pollination drops. This review examines the possible evolutionary pathways and cryptic clues for flower colour in both liv

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Tanaka, Yoshikazu, and Filippa Brugliera. "Flower colour and cytochromes P450." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1612 (2013): 20120432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0432.

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Cytochromes P450 play important roles in biosynthesis of flavonoids and their coloured class of compounds, anthocyanins, both of which are major floral pigments. The number of hydroxyl groups on the B-ring of anthocyanidins (the chromophores and precursors of anthocyanins) impact the anthocyanin colour, the more the bluer. The hydroxylation pattern is determined by two cytochromes P450, flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) and flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) and thus they play a crucial role in the determination of flower colour. F3′H and F3′5′H mostly belong to CYP75B and CYP75A, respectively

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Dafni, Amots, Hagai Tzohari, Rachel Ben-Shlomo, Nicolas J. Vereecken, and Gidi Ne’eman. "Flower Colour Polymorphism, Pollination Modes, Breeding System and Gene Flow in Anemone coronaria." Plants 9, no. 3 (2020): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030397.

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The flower colour of Anemone coronaria (Ranunculaceae) is a genetically inherited trait. Such intra-specific flower colour polymorphism might be driven by pollinators, other non-pollinating agents, or by abiotic factors. We investigated the genetic relations among red, white and purple-blue flower colour morphs growing in 10 populations of A. coronaria in Israel, in relation to their breeding system, pollination modes, differential perception by bees and visitors’ behaviour. Flowers of these three morphs differed in their reflectance that could be perceived by bees. Honeybees, solitary bees an

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Casci, Tanita. "Flower colour power." Nature Reviews Genetics 5, no. 1 (2004): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg1256.

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Nur'Aeni, Nopi, and Vivi Indriani. "Microbiological and Hedonic Test of Lanolin Listick with the Addition of Rosella Flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) Extract Dye." Jurnal Peternakan Integratif 12, no. 1 (2024): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jpi.v12i1.16469.

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Lanolin fat is produced from processing sheep wool. Lanolin is one of the ingredient for processing lipstick. a solid bar-shaped cosmetic preparation, serves as a lip colorant in makeup. Lanolin lipstick, still in need of innovation, for example in colour. Organic colouring can use, among other things, colours from Rosella flowers (Hibiscus sabdariffa L). The purpose of this study is to look at the microbiological and sensory properties of lanolin lipstick that has different amounts of Rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) added to it. This study used a completely randomized design (C

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Kelber, A. "Innate preferences for flower features in the hawkmoth Macroglossum stellatarum." Journal of Experimental Biology 200, no. 4 (1997): 827–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.4.827.

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The diurnal hawkmoth Macroglossum stellatarum is known to feed from a variety of flower species of almost all colours, forms and sizes. A newly eclosed imago, however, has to find its first flower by means of an innate flower template. This study investigates which visual flower features are represented in this template and their relative importance. Newly eclosed imagines were tested for their innate preferences, using artificial flowers made out of coloured paper or projected onto a screen through interference filters. The moths were found to have a strong preference for 440 nm and a weaker

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Kannihalli, Saleemali, Sahana M, Shashank D U, and A. S. Vastrad. "Preference of Indian Honey Bee, Apis cerena indica Fab. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) for Varying Sucrose Concentrations and Colours." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 27, no. 8 (2024): 538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i81167.

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Nectar foraging provides honey bees with essential energy and enhance pollination, supporting biodiversity. Flower colour attracts and guide them to nectar rich flowers promoting effective pollination. With this background, a study was conducted at apiary, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad to investigate the preference of honey bees to different concentrations of sucrose and colours. It was found that the highest activity of honey bees occurred between 10 AM to 11 AM. Among the different sucrose concentrations offered, honey bees showed a preference for 40 per cent concentration wit

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PANWAR, SAPNA, KANWAR PAL SINGH, and NAMITA NAMITA. "Assessment of variability, heritable components and grouping of Indian rose." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 82, no. 10 (2012): 875–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v82i10.24180.

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Thirty-two genotypes of rose were evaluated for various vegetative and floral traits to ascertain genetic parameters such as variability, heritability, genetic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV) coefficient of variation and genetic advance. Further, these genotypes were grouped into five categories, i e plant growth type, flower type, flower diameter, number of colours on inner side of petal and flower colour group on basis of DUS (Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability) guidelines. Analysis of variance for all traits showed highly significant differences among genotypes for all the vegetative and flo

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Suharman, L. S. Nadia, and A. Sutakwa. "Effect of sucrose addition to antioxidant activity and colour in blue pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) yoghurt." Food Research 6, no. 2 (2022): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.6(2).143.

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Blue pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) yoghurt is the result of processing milk with the addition of blue pea flower extract through Lactic acid bacteria's fermentation process viz. Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. Blue pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) contains bioactive components, particularly flavonol glycosides, anthocyanins, flavones, flavonols, phenolic acids and terpenoid. This study was aimed to determine the effect of sucrose on the antioxidant activity and colour of blue pea flower yoghurt. This study used a completely randomized design with five treatments n

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Harrap, Michael J. M., Natalie Hempel de Ibarra, Heather M. Whitney, and Sean A. Rands. "Floral temperature patterns can function as floral guides." Arthropod-Plant Interactions 14, no. 2 (2020): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11829-020-09742-z.

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AbstractFloral guides are signal patterns that lead pollinators to floral rewards after they have located the flower, and increase foraging efficiency and pollen transfer. Patterns of several floral signalling modalities, particularly colour patterns, have been identified as being able to function as floral guides. Floral temperature frequently shows patterns that can be used by bumblebees for locating and recognising the flower, but whether these temperature patterns can function as a floral guide has not been explored. Furthermore, how combined patterns (using multiple signalling modalities)

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Qian, Renjuan, Youju Ye, Qingdi Hu, Xiaohua Ma, Xule Zhang, and Jian Zheng. "Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal New Insights into the Role of Metabolites and Genes in Modulating Flower Colour of Clematis tientaiensis." Horticulturae 9, no. 1 (2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9010014.

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Clematis tientaiensis is an ornamental plant with beautiful flowers that belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. C. tientaiensis is endemic to Zhejiang Province in China. Five different colours of the C. tientaiensis flower have been observed, and to explore the reason for this flower colour variation, transcriptome and metabolome sequencing analyses were conducted in this study. The results indicate that 32 metabolites participate in anthocyanin biosynthesis, and that 24 metabolites were differentially accumulated among the five different flower colours. The transcriptome sequencing results enab

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Tegrovsky, Lara, and Peter Pany. "Is there a connection between pollination and colour change of the nectar guides of common horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)? – Results of a preliminary study." Neilreichia 10 (April 30, 2019): 127–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2630533.

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The nectar guides of the common horse chestnut change their colour during the anthesis of a single flower. After anthesis, withering flowers do not drop but remain on the inflorescence. This led to the hypothesis that the white colour of the remaining flowers aids in long-distance pollinator attraction. The present preliminary study explores whether the colour change of the nectar guides is influenced by the pollination status (pollinated versus non-pollinated). We pollinated 49 flowers on three different inflorescences artificially and evaluated the time until colour change. Pollinated flower

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Nieuwhof, M., J. P. van Eijk, and W. Eikelboom. "Relation between flower colour and pigment composition of tulip (Tulipa L.)." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 37, no. 4 (1989): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v37i4.16621.

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Colour and pigment composition were determined in flowers of F1 plants produced by crossing tulip cultivars. Yellow flowers contained only carotenoids, orange flowers always at least carotenoids and cyanidin, and red flowers always and pink and purple flowers nearly always cyanidin. Most flowers, except purple ones, did not contain delphinidin. Highest carotenoid levels occurred in yellow, orange, dark red and orange-red flowers; highest delphinidin levels in purple flowers and highest cyanidin and pelargonidin levels in red flowers. Pigment levels in light coloured flowers were lower than in

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Śmiechowska, Maria, Przemysław Dmowski, and Larysa Skowierzak. "Edible Flowers’ Antioxidant Properties and Polyphenols Content Reflect Their Applicability for Household and Craft Tincture Production." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (2021): 10095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110095.

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The growing interest of consumers in regional and traditional products drew our attention to innovative products manufactured at home and using craft methods, which include, among others, alcohol tinctures of edible flowers. The aim of this paper is to present selected tinctures of edible flowers from home and craft production, their phenol content, antioxidant properties and colour. Novel alcoholic beverages obtained from edible flowers are characterized. The tinctures from wild rose flowers, elderberry, marigold and cornflower were studied. The content of phenolic compounds, the antioxidant

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Reid, Clara. "Floral Longevity and Attraction of Arctic Lupine, Lupinus arcticus: Implications for Pollination Efficiency." Arbutus Review 10, no. 1 (2019): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/tar101201918921.

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Pollination by insects is a mutualistic relationship in which flowers receive pollen for reproduction while pollinators are rewarded with pollen or nectar. Floral longevity (the period an individual flower blooms) and floral attraction (the period during which pollinators are attracted to the flower, often indicated by petal colour) both play prominent roles in plant and pollinator success. This study investigated whether floral longevity and floral attraction were mediated by pollination type in arctic lupine (Lupinus arcticus S. Wats.), a common herbaceous perennial in northwestern North Ame

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Debnath, Anirban, Koyel Sinha, Snehasish Mandal, et al. "Assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of herbal popsicles prepared by Hibiscus sabdariffa L. and Clitorea ternatea floral waste." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 12, no. 2 (2024): 284–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2024.12(2).284.296.

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In this study, we extracted bio-colour from two commonly available flowers, Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea), and evaluated their potential therapeutic benefits by examining their antioxidant and antibacterial activity. To assess the suitability and quality of the extracted bio-colour as a food additive, we formulated ice popsicles using bio-colour derived from H. sabdariffa and C. ternatea. The crude floral waste extract of H. sabdariffa showed the highest reducing capacity (FRAP assay), antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS assay), and antibacterial po

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Kapilraj, N., S. Keerthanan, and M. Sithambaresan. "Natural Plant Extracts as Acid-Base Indicator and Determination of Their pKa Value." Journal of Chemistry 2019 (April 10, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2031342.

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Commonly used indicators for acid-base titrations are synthetic, and this work was focused to identify the eco-friendly natural indicators and to determine their pKa values. The analytical potential of the flower extracts is very promising as seen in its application in acid-base titrimetry. These selected flower extracts were found to perform well in titrating strong acid-strong base than in weak acid-strong base. We have obtained a sharp and clear colour change from red to brownish yellow for the Bougainvillea glabra extract, from red to yellow for the Bauhinia purpurea extract, and from red

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Brovdi, A., V. Polischuk, O. Ukrainets, and L. Kunpan. "Evaluation of flower decorativeness of floribunda rose varieties by biological and morphological features." Agrobìologìâ, no. 2(191) (November 28, 2024): 21–26. https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2024-191-2-21-26.

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The decorative value of roses is determined by a combination of morphological and biological features and characteristics of each variety. Among others, the rose flower is of central decorative importance. Floribunda rose varieties are known for their wide range of shapes, colours and aromas, which make them a valuable material for landscaping using. The study of biological and morphological characteristics of the flower of 10 floribunda rose varieties was carried out at the experimental plots of the Department of Landscape Gardening of the Uman National University of Horticulture in 2019- 202

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Nur Dayini Wagiman, Muhammad Hail Haris Muhammad Hakim, Siti Roha Ab. Mutalib, and Azizah Othman. "Optimisation of Anthocyanin Co-pigmentation from Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) Flower and its Application in Gummy." Journal Of Agrobiotechnology 15, S1 (2024): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/jab.2024.15.s1.373.

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In contrast to natural food colours, food manufacturers have increasingly used synthetic food colours to achieve attributes such as low cost, excellent appearance, high colour intensity, increased colour stability, and consistency. Furthermore, natural colourants such as anthocyanins have been linked to potential health advantages such as dietary antioxidants. Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea) was utilized in this research because the high quantity of polyacylated anthocyanins known as ternatins in blue pea flowers which is a distinctive property of anthocyanins found in blue pea flowers. The pur

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BASUMATARY, PLATO, and PREETI HATIBARUA. "VALUE ADDITION OF CUT FLOWERS OF GARLAND CHRYSANTHEMUM (GLEBIONIS CORONARIA) BY TINTING WITH ARTIFICIAL FOOD DYES." Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences 25, no. 02 (2023): 360–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/ajmbes.2023.v25i02.029.

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–Value addition is a method of increasing the economic value of a product. Different value addition techniques are used in horticultural products to increase its economic value, especially in floricultural products. Tinting is one of the value addition techniques used in cut flowers to increase the economic and aesthetic value of simple white and light coloured flowers with food colouring dyes in different novel colour shades. The study “Value addition of cut flowers of garland chrysanthemum (Glebionis coronaria) by tinting with artificial food dyes” was conducted in laboratory of Department o

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Rahmati, Razieh, Rasmieh Hamid, Zahra Ghorbanzadeh, et al. "Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Unveils the Molecular Mechanism Underlying Sepal Colour Changes under Acidic pH Substratum in Hydrangea macrophylla." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (2022): 15428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315428.

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The hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb). Ser.), an ornamental plant, has good marketing potential and is known for its capacity to change the colour of its inflorescence depending on the pH of the cultivation media. The molecular mechanisms causing these changes are still uncertain. In the present study, transcriptome and targeted metabolic profiling were used to identify molecular changes in the RNAome of hydrangea plants cultured at two different pH levels. De novo assembly yielded 186,477 unigenes. Transcriptomic datasets provided a comprehensive and systemic overview of the dynamic ne

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O’Hanlon, J. C., G. I. Holwell, and M. E. Herberstein. "Predatory pollinator deception: Does the orchid mantis resemble a model species?" Current Zoology 60, no. 1 (2014): 90–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/60.1.90.

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Abstract Cases of imperfect or non-model mimicry are common in plants and animals and challenge intuitive assumptions about the nature of directional selection on mimics. Many non-rewarding flower species do not mimic a particular species, but attract pollinators through ‘generalised food deception’. Some predatory animals also attract pollinators by resembling flowers, perhaps the most well known, yet least well understood, is the orchid mantis Hymenopus coronatus. This praying mantis has been hypothesised to mimic a flower corolla and we have previously shown that it attracts and captures po

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Lalhruaitluangi and Chhungpuii Khawlhring. "Standardization of drying techniques for hybrid tea rose variety, Valencia." Science Vision 17, no. 4 (2017): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33493/scivis.17.04.05.

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The present experiment was carried out to standardize suitable drying techniques for hybrid tea rose variety ‘Valencia”. Two types of desiccants viz., silica gel and boric acid were used as embedding materials for drying, and the flowers were dried in hot air oven with different temperature and time combinations such as 40°C for 24 hours and 48 hours, 45°C for 24 hours and 48 hours, 50°C for 24 hours and 48 hours, 55°C for 24 hours and 48 hours, 60°C for 24 hours and 48 hours. Different observations were taken such as fresh and dry weight of flowers and hence moisture loss percentage calculate

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Awad Hamza Abdelmageed, Mohamed Elkheir Abdelrahman, and Hatil Hashim Alkamali. "Genetics of flower colour in pink flowered “Rosea” and white flowers “Alba” in periwinkle Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 3 (2021): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.3.0015.

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Genetics of flower Colour in winka Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don were in vestigate by inheritance two types (strains) of plants with different flowers colour were used in this study,pink corolla, and strong violet-purple eye color, and strong pink stem, and dark green leaf lamina (P), and White corolla, and yellow and greenish eye, and strong pink stem, and yellow and green leaf lamina (W) as parents, to determine the number of genes involved. This study was conducted at Horticulture Administration, Ministry of Agriculture, Kassala State, Sudan during for three years the period: Jan 2016 to O

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Awad, Hamza Abdelmageed, Elkheir Abdelrahman Mohamed, and Hashim Alkamali Hatil. "Genetics of flower colour in pink flowered "Rosea" and white flowers "Alba" in periwinkle Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 3 (2021): 166–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4656978.

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Genetics of flower Colour in winka <em>Catharanthus roseus</em> (L) G. Don were in vestigate by inheritance two types (strains) of plants with different flowers colour were used in this study,pink corolla, and strong violet-purple eye color, and strong pink stem, and dark green leaf lamina (P), and White corolla, and yellow and greenish eye, and strong pink stem, and yellow and green leaf lamina (W) as parents, to determine the number of genes involved. This study was conducted at Horticulture Administration, Ministry of Agriculture, Kassala State, Sudan during for three years the pe

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Rahmawati, Rahmawati, Siti Nuryanti, and Ratman Ratman. "Indikator Asam-Basa dari Bunga Dadap Merah (Erythrina crista-galliL.)." Jurnal Akademika Kimia 5, no. 1 (2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24775185.2016.v5.i1.7997.

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Dadap red (erythrina crista-galli L.) is belonged to the legumes (fabaceaea) family which, is one of the flowering shade plants that often used as an ornamental plant. This plant has a bright red flower, a taproot with root nodule bacteria nitrogen fixation and compound leaf consists three strands on each stem. This research is climed to proves that the extract of dadap red flower can be used as acid-base indicators. Dadap red flowers was macerated using methanol then filtered. The filtrate was ready to use as an acid-base indicator. The extract is tested in an acid-base, buffer solutions, and

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Borghi, Monica, and Alisdair R. Fernie. "From flowers to seeds: how the metabolism of flowers frames plant reproduction." Biochemist 43, no. 3 (2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio_2021_134.

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Flowers are characterized by a plenitude of primary and secondary metabolites and flower-specific biosynthetic pathways that all concur to promote plant reproduction and the initial stages of embryo development. The floral secondary metabolites of flowers contribute to scent and colour, which are used by flowers to attract pollinators. Besides, many metabolites responsible for the conferral of colour also serve as photo-protectants towards the damaging effects of UV solar radiation. The whole metabolism of flowers is sustained by a network of primary metabolites that provide metabolic precurso

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KALAIYARASI, A., M. V. DHANANJAYA, SUJATHA A. NAIR, et al. "Studies on floral morphology in different genotypes of Jasminum sambac." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 11 (2018): 1789–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i11.84932.

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The present investigation was undertaken to study the floral morphology behavior among 22 genotypes of Jasminum sambac. Results revealed that among the different genotypes, cluster bearing habit in terminal position was recorded in genotypes Iruvatchi and IIHR JS - 5, whereas other genotypes recorded forked cymes of cluster flowers in terminal and axillary. Three different shapes of flower bud was recorded among the genotypes, viz. pointed and long, pointed and short, rounded and short. Flower bud colour and colour on flower bud opening was white (155 B or 155 C) and pink tinge on flower bud w

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Gupta, Poonam, and Khayal Garg. "Study of preparation of Herbal indicator from selected flower parts for acid base titration: A Green Chemical Approach." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 28, no. 9 (2024): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/289rjce030032.

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Suffering from the rapid depletion of the natural resource, the current world scenario calls for the need of sustainable development so as to obtain ecofriendly environment. Flowers impart beauty to the nature, pleasure to the heart and attract insects for pollination by their diversified colour, fragrance, shape and size. The variation in colour of flowers is due to the presence of pigments present in the petals or bracts. One of these pigments is anthocyanin which is a natural plant pigment. These pigments impart different colours in acidic and basic medium. This change in colour forms the b

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Wilmsen, Sakkia, Adrian G. Dyer, and Klaus Lunau. "Conical flower cells reduce surface gloss and improve colour signal integrity for free-flying bumblebees." Journal of Pollination Ecology 28 (July 9, 2021): 108–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26786/1920-7603(2021)606.

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Colour signals of flowers facilitate detection, spontaneous preference, discrimination and flower constancy by important bee pollinators. At short distances bees orient to floral colour patterns to find a landing platform and collect nutrition, potentially improving the plants’ reproductive success when multiple flowers are visited sequentially. In addition to pigments and backscattering structures within the petals’ internal layers, the epidermal micro-structure of the petals’ surface may also influence petal reflectance properties and thus influence overall colour patterns via optical effect

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Nandini, Sutar* Sakshi More. "Acid-Base Indicator Paper Extracted from Rose (Rosa damascena Mill) and Hibiscus Flower (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) Ethanols." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2025): 3286–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15291640.

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This research aims to develop paper indicators extracted from rose (Rosa damascena Mill) and Hibiscus flower (Hibiscus rosa) ethanols. These flowers have anthocyanin pigment and are sensitive toward acidity (pH). The contents make rose and Hibiscus flower to have potentials as natural indicators. The anthocyanin pigment extraction from both flowers was done by maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. It was done with 24 -hour soaking period. The ethanol extracts from rose and Hibiscus were calibrated by buffer solution with pH 1-12. Then, it was continued by cutting Whatman 42-paper sized &

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Jawaharlal, M., S. P. Thamaraiselvi, and M. Ganga. "Packaging Technology for Export of Jasmine (Jasminum sambac Ait.) Flowers." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 7, no. 2 (2012): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v7i2.372.

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A study was conducted to standardize packaging technology for export of jasmine flowers. Experiments were laid out in FCRD in three replications, with 12 chemical treatments, and packing with unit packing boxes and thermocol boxes under gel-ice cold condition. Effects of various chemical treatments and their interaction with packaging were studied and observations were recorded on visual quality (freshness index, flower-opening index, colour retention index and fragrance score) of flowers and physiological parameters associated with post harvest quality of flowers. Export suitability of the pa

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Tanaka, Yoshikazu. "Flower colour and cytochromes P450." Phytochemistry Reviews 5, no. 2-3 (2006): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11101-006-9003-7.

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Schlangen, Karin, Heidrun Halbwirth, Fuat Topuz, Silvija Miosic, Christian Seitz, and Karl Stich. "Breeding for yellow flower colour." Journal of Biotechnology 131, no. 2 (2007): S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.07.058.

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Kellenberger, Roman T., and Beverley J. Glover. "The evolution of flower colour." Current Biology 33, no. 11 (2023): R484—R488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.01.055.

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Chen, Zhe, Chang-Qiu Liu, Hang Sun, and Yang Niu. "The ultraviolet colour component enhances the attractiveness of red flowers of a bee-pollinated plant." Journal of Plant Ecology 13, no. 3 (2020): 354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtaa023.

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Abstract Aims Bee-pollinated flowers are rarely red, presumably because bees (which lack red receptors) have difficulty detecting red targets. Although the response of bees to red colour has been investigated in lab experiments, most stimuli have been pure red, while the subtle diversity of red as perceived by humans (human-red) has received very limited attention. Here we test the hypothesis that ultraviolet (UV) reflected from human-red flowers enhances their attractiveness to bees, through increased chromatic contrast. Methods Using Onosma confertum (Boraginaceae), a plant with UV-reflectin

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