To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Flower.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Flower'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Flower.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Seekins, Kiera. "Predictionary Flower." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/SeekinsK2008.pdf.
Full text
2
Lu, Zhaoying. "Perceptually realistic flower generation." Thesis, University of Bath, 2001. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393800.
Full text
3
Wu, Gefei. "The genetics and biochemistry of flower pigments and flower patterns in Pelargonium x hortorum." Thesis, Swansea University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507975.
Full text
4
Arnold, Sarah Elizabeth Joan. "Flowers through insect eyes : the contribution of pollinator vision to the evolution of flower colour." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/622.
Full textAbstract:
Flowers’ colours are an essential element of their ability to attract visits from pollinators. However, the colours as they appear to human observers can differ substantially from their appearance to insect pollinators, and so it is essential to consider pollinator vision in any study of the ecology of flower colour. In this thesis I describe how I have overseen the development of an online database to provide accurate information on floral spectral reflectance measured without human observational bias. This resource allows a more accurate consideration of flower colours in future studies, and permits investigations of flower colours within and across habitats. Using the records in this database, I analysed flowers from two European habitats for spatial or temporal changes, modelling the colours according to insect visual perception. I discovered that the insect-colour composition of the plant communities does not change either along an altitudinal gradient or throughout the year. These novel and ecologically-relevant analyses contradict previous observational studies, but support the theory of a pollination “market” in which flowers compete for pollinator visitation. I then describe my experimental investigations into the visual capabilities of two pollinators and how this may relate to what colours of flowers they visit. Firstly I study the foraging behaviour of bees under spatially inconsistent illumination and how this impacts on their choice behaviour. I revealed patchy light can have measurable effects on bee foraging behaviour: they intentionally choose familiar over unfamiliar illumination, which may impact on the flowers they visit in complex natural environments. Secondly, I detail the new evidence for a red-sensitive photoreceptor in South African monkey beetles, a major pollinator in a habitat containing many longwavelength- reflecting flowers, which are not classically “attractive” to bees. Throughout this thesis, I explore how pollinator vision has shaped the evolution of flower colours in different contexts.
5
Bruccoleri, Christian. "Flower constellation optimization and implementation." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2404.
Full text
6
COSTA, LETICIA VILLELA LIMA DA. "RUY CINATTI: THE FLOWER ENGINEER." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5984@1.
Full textAbstract:
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOEste trabalho trata de alguns aspectos da obra de Ruy Cinatti, poeta que dentro do vasto panorama da poesia portuguesa do século XX destaca- se pela sua singularidade. Sua poesia, bem como seus estudos científicos, evidenciam a preocupação e o conhecimento do autor com relação às questões ecológicas e antropológicas, que se refletem nas suas posições políticas. Seus escritos figuram como instrumentos de denúncia contra a má utilização dos recursos naturais e da exploração do ser humano, relacionadas com a colonização portuguesa, bem como as inúmeras intervenções que Timor sofreu ao longo de sua história. Com sua formação científica interdisciplinar (silvicultor, antropólogo e engenheiro agrônomo) Ruy Cinatti tinha uma grande capacidade de enxergar a relação do homem com o meio em que vive de forma ampla e abrangente. Estas idéias refletem-se a todo momento nos poemas que dedicou a Timor. Em constantes viagens para reconhecimento do território, Cinatti intensificou sua relação com os timorenses. Isso só foi possível graças ao fato de ele ter transcendido o papel de português colonizador e ter conseguido aproximar-se do timorense de uma forma particular, a ponto de ser aceito pelos nativos como um irmão, o que se comprova pelo pacto de sangue que celebrou com dois chefes timorenses. A visão interdisciplinar e sensível do mundo torna sua obra poética e científica especial e singular, fazendo de Ruy Cinatti personagem fundamental na literatura portuguesa.
This thesis concerns some aspects of the work of Ruy Cinnati, a poet whose singularity makes him an outstanding figure in the rich panorama of twentieth-century Portuguese poetry. His poems, as well as his scientific studies, testify to the author s interest and knowledge of environmental and anthropological issues, which are reflected in his political positions. His writings are expos s of the misuse of natural resources and the exploitation of human beings under Portuguese colonization, as well as of the countless interventions suffered by East Timor throughout its history. Thanks to his interdisciplinary scientific training (as a forest expert, an anthropologist and an agronomist) Ruy Cinatti was uniquely able to see man s relationship with the environment. These ideas are clearly present in the poems he dedicated to Timor. In his many surveying trips, Cinatti intensified his relations with the Timorese. This was made possible by his ability to transcend the role of the Portuguese colonizer and to get close to the Timorese to the point of being accepted by the natives as a brother witness the blood pact he celebrated with two Timorese chiefs. His interdisciplinary and sensitive worldview makes his poetic and scientific work rather special and unique, so that Ruy Cinatti has become a fundamental name in Portuguese literature.
7
Pelizzon, Vanessa A. "The flower called I want /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9924911.
Full text
8
Godfrey, Thomas George. "On the floral rewards and flower-visitor assemblages of annual urban flower meadow seed mixes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28945.
Full textAbstract:
Flower seed mixes are increasingly used to enhance the biodiversity and amenity values of urban green spaces. Urban or “pictorial” flower seed mixes are often used because they are designed using cultivars and non-native species to provide more colourful and longer-lasting flower displays. Although these seed mixes are effective in providing a high density of large colourful flowers, over an extended season, their value for biodiversity, and in particular the floral rewards they provide for flower-visitors, is largely unknown. The overall aim of my thesis was to assess and improve the value of these new urban habitats as forage resources for flower-visiting insects. My approach was to quantify and compare floral reward provision and insect visitation between meadows grown from three exemplar commercial pictorial flower meadow seed mixes (called Marmalade Annual, Short Annual and Cornfield Annual). I also compared these standard commercial mixes with corresponding ‘nectar-enriched’ formulations, which were designed by increasing the proportional seed weight contribution of selected species predicted to produce high quantities of nectar within each mix. To compare floral rewards and visitation between meadows grown from these seed mixes, I set up a field experiment in Sheffield, UK, using a complete randomised block design with six replicate blocks, each with six 25 m2 plots sown with one of the six seed mix treatments. My first objective was to quantify the floral nectar and pollen rewards provided by each flowering species recorded in the meadows (on the scale of a single flower or inflorescence). My second objective was to use these data to quantify the floral rewards provided per unit area by replicate meadows of different seed mix treatments, testing whether enrichment of seed mixes is an effective method of increasing floral nectar sugar rewards. My third objective was to corroborate/correct my morphology-based flower-visitor identifications using DNA barcoding to screen for misidentifications and morphologically cryptic species. I then used these DNA barcode-based identifications to assess whether there are systematic biases in the structure of flower-visitor networks constructed using molecular taxon identifications compared to traditional morphology-based taxon identifications. My fourth objective was to quantify patterns of insect visitation to meadows, testing whether meadows of different seed mix types attract different flower-visitor assemblages. Meadow floral composition surveys revealed that contamination by unintended horticultural species was widespread across replicate seed mix treatments, with contaminants likely germinating from a seed bank laid down during a failed attempt at this experiment the previous year. Contamination particularly affected Marmalade mixes, mainly because the common contaminant species were often also components of the Short and Cornfield mixes. For example, contaminants contributed on average about a third of nectar sugar mass or pollen volume per unit area in Marmalade mix meadows. Hence, contamination fundamentally undermined the internal validity of seed mix treatments, reducing the ability to directly attribute meadow level patterns in floral rewards or flower-visitors to seed mixes. As result, examination of patterns of floral resource provision and insect visitation were more informative at a species scale. In terms of patterns of insect visitation, Centaurea cyanus received 91% of bumblebee visits, 88% of honeybee visits and 29% of hoverfly visits, whilst T. inodorum received 27% of hoverfly visits. Patterns of bumblebee and honeybee visitation indicated preferential visitation to floral units of Centaurea cyanus. Although this species produced high quantities of nectar sugar mass and pollen volume, this did not differentiate it from other Asteraceae, such as Glebionis segetum, Rudbeckia hirta and Coreopsis tinctoria, which all produced high quantities of both floral rewards. Hence, it is likely that floral traits not measured in this study, such as nectar accessibility (‘nectar-holder depth’) or concentration/volume characteristics (which can affect accessibility due to constraints imposed by feeding morphology), drove patterns of preferential visitation in bumblebees and honeybees to C. cyanus. Given that in the absence of contamination there would have been very few bumblebee or honeybee visitors to Marmalade mix meadows, aesthetically designed pictorial meadows can fail to jointly provide benefits for people and some important flower-visiting insect taxa. DNA barcoding did not change specimen identifications for most morphotaxa. However, splitting and/or lumping processes affected almost one third of morphotaxa, with lumping of morphotaxa the most common type of change. This was in part because males and females from sexually dimorphic species were often separated by morphological identification. These DNA barcode-based changes to visitor taxonomy resulted in consistent minor changes in network size and structure across replicate networks. Lumping of morphotaxa decreased taxon richness, reducing the number of unique links and interaction diversity (the effective number of links). Lumping also increased flower-visitor generality, reducing plant vulnerability and increasing overall network connectance. However, taxonomic changes had no effect on interaction evenness or network specialisation. Thus, for this well-studied fauna, DNA barcode-based flower-visitor networks were systematically biased toward fewer taxa and links, with more generalist visitors and specialist plants. Given that many tropical faunas have more species and are less described than in Britain this pattern may not be replicated in other studies. Further studies in contrasting plant-pollinator communities are required before generalisations can be made about systematic biases between networks constructed using morphological versus molecular data. Overall, meadows grown from annual pictorial flower meadow seed mixes provide abundant floral units per unit area of meadow and are a valuable alternative to traditional horticultural flower beds or amenity grasslands in high profile urban contexts. Nevertheless, care must be taken during design of seed mixes and selection of mixes for planting to ensure that species in the mix provide suitable floral resources for an array of flower-visitors, including bees. This would be aided by the integration of informative measures for candidate species of floral rewards or visitor types and visitation rates during seed mix design.
9
Mohrholz, Anne [Verfasser], and Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Harter. "Phänotypische und molekularbiologische Analyse der A. thaliana flower-in-flower Mutante / Anne Mohrholz ; Betreuer: Klaus Harter." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1204879869/34.
Full text
10
Nasser, Naji Swadi. "Flower colour inheritance in zonal pelargoniums." Thesis, Swansea University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507974.
Full text
11
Misbach, Abdul Waghied. "The girl with the red flower." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5884.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Artium - MA (English)For a woman of her age, thirty-seven, freshly divorced, she has, to her mind, not solved the problem of her sex very well. So now her work in the escort business all those years ago will be used against her. This warning is in a note from her lawyers. She is sitting cross-legged, trying to warm up, in a book-sized patch of morning sunlight on her bunk, in a fetid cell meant for five but with thirty crammed in. She has earphones in, with twelve bass-heavy tunes on a continuous loop. It is hard for her sometimes to drum out the hum of the lovemaking, man-hating, babyyearning and fatal stabbings of the women around her - all day long. It is just like being free in the real world outside. The letter is typewritten, but has a handwritten salutation, "Dear Soraya," as if to convince her of its authenticity; and her existence.
12
Almehmady, Alshaimaa. "ABA triblock copolymer flower micelles formulations." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50848/.
Full textAbstract:
Amphiphilic polymeric materials have been used in pharmaceutical and biotechnology products for decades. These polymeric materials have grown considerably from their earlier use as surfactants, sequestering agents, drug delivery systems such as microparticles used as controlled release depots, to multifunctional polymeric micelles capable of targeting and controlling release of drugs. These generations of targeted polymeric micelles can be engineered to navigate complex biological environment, incorporate biological functionalities to achieve target specificity and control of drug concentration at tissue and cellular levels. Toward the goal to improve therapy efficacy and safety, a plethora of multivalent targeted polymeric nanocarriers fabricated from amphiphilic diblock and triblock copolymers have been investigated. Flower micelles is a type of advanced micellar architecture resulted from ABA amphiphilic triblock copolymers self-assembly. Present project focused on design, synthesis of a library of biocompatible, amphiphilic ABA triblock copolymers, based on a polyacrylate and poylacrylamide backbone, and selfassembly of these materials into flower micelles. Similar design drives the synthesis process toward precise engineering of block copolymers, therefore a combination of recently developed controlled polymerisation techniques which allowed production of uniform polymer chain and control of chain length in a reproducible quick manner have been used. A library of novel well-defined copolymers, poly(n-butyl acrylate) block-poly(Nhydroxyethylacrylamide)-block-poly(n-butyl acrylate), (n-BA)m-b-(N-HEA)nb-(n-BA)m, have been synthesised successfully using single electron transfer living radical polymerisation (SET-LRP), a 30 minutes step to yield >99% monomer conversion, and photo-induced living radical polymerisation (photoinduced LRP). Hydrophobicity can substantially influence supramolecular assembly of copolymers in aqueous environment. In this work, effect of copolymers hydrophobicity has been studied in a sub-library of copolymers in which poly(n-BA)m hydrophobic blocks length increased as follow: (n-BA)57-b-(NHEA)40-b-(n-BA)57 > (n-BA)9-b-(N-HEA)40-b-(n-BA)9 >(n-BA)3-b-(NHEA)40-b-(n-BA)3. Decreasing of polymeric micellar size was observable with increasing hydrophobic block lengths. Moreover, we found out that there is a clear relationship between copolymers cytotoxicity on Calu-3 cell line model and hydrophobicity of copolymers. Our data suggested that copolymers induce cytotoxicity by apoptotic means rather than interrupting cell membrane integrity. Covalent conjugation of active target ligands to the compositional ABA copolymers enable the formation of targeted-flower micelles. Exploiting the fact that numerous cancerous tissues are known to overexpress folate receptors, relative to normal tissues, folic acid used as active targeting ligand model. In this work, we attempted to create a folic acid-targeted flower micelle, however, conjugation data were not conclusive and therefore, no folic acid-targeted flower micelles were fabricated.
13
Mulvany, Eleonora. "The Flower in Inca Ritual Cycles." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113576.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, we present the results of an ethnohistoric study on the possible relationship between ritual, social organization, solar calendars and visual and oral metaphors. This interrelationship can be understood in terms of the use of flowers placed in the headdresses of young and adult men as offerings to deities and their distribution in a sacred landscape space entail to periodical rituals.En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio etnohistórico sobre la posible relación entre el ritual, la organización social, el calendario solar y metáforas visuales y verbales. Esta interrelación se puede comprender mediante el empleo de flores en los tocados de hombres jóvenes y adultos, en las ofrendas a deidades y su distribución en el espacio del paisaje sagrado vinculado a rituales periódicos.
14
Rodabaugh, Hannah Marie. "A Flower Opened in the Stinking." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1280785012.
Full text
15
Robertson, Laura. "Flower Design: Beauty with a Purpose." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/776.
Full text
16
Boehi, Melanie Eva. "Being / becoming the "Cape Town flower sellers" The botanical complex, flower selling and floricultures in Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2546.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Artium - MAThis mini-thesis is concerned with histories of flower selling in Cape Town. Since the late 19th century, images and imaginings of the flower sellers in Adderley Street and to a lesser degree in other areas of the city attained an outstanding place in visualisations and descriptions of Cape Town. The flower sellers were thereby characterised in a particularly gendered, racialised and class-specific way as predominantly female, coloured and poor. This characterisation dominated to an extent that it is possible to speak of a discursive figure of the 'Cape Town flower sellers'. In tourism-related media and in personal memoirs, the 'Cape Town flower sellers' often came to represent both the city and the inhabitants of Cape Town. The images and imaginings of the 'Cape Town flower sellers' can partly be traced back to representations of 'flower girls' in fictional stories, paintings, photographs and film in Europe, particularly in Great Britain. In Cape Town, this European discourse about flower selling developed in a specific way within colonial, apartheid and post-apartheid contexts.
South Africa
17
Eweida, Adam, and Simon Sverkel. "Understanding consumer preference in the flower industry." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-108254.
Full text
18
Mudalige, Rasika Geethanjali. "Dendrobium flower color : histology and genetic manipulation." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/3066.
Full textAbstract:
Dendrobium is the most important cut flower orchid in the world. Understanding the chemical, histological and molecular aspects of flower color is crucial for the development of breeding strategies for novel colors. The objectives of this research were to examine the histology of flower color, cloning and characterization of flavonoid biosynthetic genes, and metabolic engineering of Dendrobium flavonoid pathway to obtain new colors. In Dendrobium, anthocyanins can be confined to a single layer of cells (epidermal or suepidermal) in pale flowers. More intensely colored flowers had anthocyanin in several cell layers. Striped patterns on the perianth were due to the restriction of pigment to cells surrounding the vascular bundles. Color perception is markedly influenced by the presence or absence of carotenoids. Four types of epidermal cells were found in Dendrobium: flat, dome, elongated dome, and papillate. Epidermal cell shape and cell packing in the mesophyll affected the visual texture. Perianth parts with flat cells and a tightly packed mesophyll had a glossy texture, whereas dome cells and loosely packed mesophyll contributed a velvety texture. The labella in the majority of flowers examined had a complex epidermis with more than one epidermal cell shape, predominantly papillate epidermal cells. We were able to isolate a full clone of Dendrobium dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (dfr), and partial clones of chalcone synthase (chs), flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (f3'h) and flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase (f3'5'h), from Dendrobium Jaquelyn Thomas 'Uniwai Prince' (UH503). Expression data indicated that dfr and chs were expressed to the greatest degree in unopened buds. Amount of f3'h and f3'5'h mRNA was too small to detect. Southern analysis has shown that f3'h and f3'5'h is represented by 2 copies each in UH503. These clones will be extremely useful in future for flower color manipulation. Two different color genes, dfr and f3'5'h from two non-orchid plants, under the constitutive promoter ubiquitin3, were inserted into Dendrobium Icy Pink 'Sakura' with the intention of creating orange-red and blue shades, which are absent in commercial Dendrobium. Presence of the transgene in two sets of transformants was confirmed by PCR. Expression of the transgene from a few plants was indicated by RT-PCR and northern analyses.Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 148-153).
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Also available by subscription via World Wide Web
xix, 153 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm
19
Venglat, Sathya Prakash. "Role of cytokinins in Arabidopsis flower development." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0028/NQ37918.pdf.
Full text
20
Noël, Nicole. "Gender and the flower industry in Ecuador." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0013/MQ52622.pdf.
Full text
21
Balk, Janneke. "Mitochondrial biogenesis and function during flower development." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312144.
Full text
22
Greiff, Bergström Tora. "O Flower of Scotland : Scottishness in Outlander." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-55123.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this essay is to examine Scottishness in the television series Outlander, to see if it has the potential to contribute with national identities, despite being a large-scale American production which tends to present stereotypical representations. The depiction is of the Scottish Highlands in the 18th century when the Highland culture was diminished. Using a semiotic approach, I analyse visual signs and find key elements which are used to represent the Highland culture. The series is based on a romantic plot and has stereotypical elements in representing Scotland and its culture. However, I argue that despite the stereotypical representations, the ethnic group in question still can gain national emotion from the depiction. This, because of Scotland’s already romanticized history and heritage culture today. The study comes to the conclusion that a popular media representation, like Outlander, can have an impact on a nation’s identity and even politics, by reconstructing historical legends in a modern world and bringing forth a sense of belonging-ness in excess of the stereotypes accompanied.
23
Vera, Martínez Alvaro J., and Rodríguez Juan Carlos Alvarez. "Desert flower premium oasis water of Pica." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143083.
Full textAbstract:
TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN ADMINISTRACIÓNAlvaro J. Vera Martínez [Parte I], Juan Carlos Alvarez Rodríguez [Parte II]
San Andrés de Pica es una localidad perteneciente a la Provincia del Tamarugal en la región de Tarapacá, cuyo nombre deriva de la palabra “Piqai” que en lengua quechua significa “Flor en la arena”, y que ha sido lugar de encuentro de múltiples culturas antiguas, las que han dejado su legado tanto en la tierra como en su gente. La localidad presenta las características de un oasis en medio de la planicie del desierto, debido a la particular formación geográfica y características de sus placas subterráneas, todas estas condiciones hacen emerger desde las profundidades de la tierra un agua de inigualable riqueza y pureza, lo que genera una frondosa vegetación y el cultivo de exquisitas frutas características sólo de esta zona, como son el limón y el mango de Pica. Se cuenta con un predio en la zona, el cual cuenta con las características necesarias para poder extraer agua de extrema pureza, filtrada en el mismo subsuelo. El concepto del negocio consiste en poner en valor este recurso y generar un agua de tipo Premium, que sea procesada y envasada en la localidad y que concentre todos los atributos de este lugar único y exótico del planeta. Industria altamente atractiva El consumo de agua en el mundo ya ha superado al de bebidas carbonatadas, lo cual ha puesto en alerta a compañías como Coca-Cola, quienes han visto en el mercado del agua embotellada una excelente proyección de futuro, lo mismo que grandes transnacionales como Nestlé y Danone, quienes ya se han posicionado en el mercado mundial, adquiriendo marcas de aguas embotelladas de renombre, provenientes de varios países, especialmente aquellas con características de pureza, es decir, provenientes de lugares pristinos como glaciares, manantiales y zonas alejadas del planeta, en los cuales la mano del hombre aún no impacta esos ecosistemas, junto con ello también han optado por adquirir aquellas fuentes de agua disponibles en estos lugares para su control y producción directa ante este recurso cada vez más escaso. Zonas como Asia presentan tasas anuales de crecimiento en el consumo que rondan el 20%, más del doble del crecimiento previsto para el resto del mundo. Chile no se queda atrás, con un mercado del agua embotellada de MMUS$415, con tasas de consumo que se dirigen rápidamente a los 30 litros de agua embotellada per cápita, con tasas de crecimiento anual cercanas al 18%, a esto se suma la creciente popularidad del consumo de productos asociados a la vida saludable y al aire libre, en donde el agua ocupa un lugar privilegiado. Dentro de este mercado es el de las aguas de tipo Premium y Gourmet, las cuales están dirigidas a un segmento más exclusivo de personas, que buscan un alto nivel de diferenciación a través de productos exóticos, tal es el caso de marcas nacionales como Ice Swan y Aonni, las cuales con elevadas propuestas de calidad y concepto de producto apuestan a un concepto similar al del vino en cuanto a temas como proveniencia del producto, sabor y tipos de comidas con las cuales se pueda combinar. El producto se divide en cuatro versiones, Desert Flower, Premium Oasis Water of Pica, en su envase de 750 ml de vidrio, en su presentación exclusiva, envase de 500 ml para su distribución en supermercados, en su presentación de 350 ml, Gourmet Oasis Water of Pica, y en sus presentaciones Desert Flower Lemon Essence y Mango Essence de 500 ml para su distribución en supermercados. Los principales conceptos en los cuales se refuerza el valor del producto son sus características de pureza y naturalidad, su origen lejano y exótico, su valor funcional a través de sus propiedades hidratantes para el buen funcionamiento del organismo y su cualidad de provenir desde las profundidades de la tierra “The Deepest Water”. El modelo de negocios contempla la extracción del agua desde la planta que se ubicará en un predio de Pica, la cual será embotellada y enviada a tres grandes ciudades del País, Arica, Iquique, Calama, Antofagasta, Copiapó, La Serena y Coquimbo. En las ciudades se planea su distribución en restoranes (versión de 330 ml) y en hoteles (versión de 750 ml), lo mismo. La inversión de este proyecto contempla un monto de MM$252,3 en un período de 5 años, con un VAN de MM$65,6, una TIR de 25,5% y un ROI de 26%. El EBITDA como Valor Terminal de MM $555,4 considerando la liquidación de la empresa vendiendo todos sus activos a valor libro. Cabe mencionar que en una etapa futura, cuarto y quinto año del proyecto, se piensa en la alternativa de exportación y en el lanzamiento de la línea Desert Flower Essence, poniendo en valor las esencias de dos frutos característicos de la zona de Pica, el mango y el limón.
24
Zoulias, Nicholas. "Flower head development in the Asteraceae family." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/flower-head-development-in-the-asteraceae-family(e9385008-1340-4554-a20e-6e844dc8c7ce).html.
Full textAbstract:
The flower head of the Asteraceae family is its iconic trait, yet little is known about its development. Understanding the fundamentals of the flower head development will help construe the evolution of one of the most successful plant families. In this thesis, we carried out an investigation into the role of auxin in flower head development and patterning in Matricaria inodora and Senecio vulgaris. Auxin is one of the most crucial plant hormones and has been implicated in almost all stages of growth and development. In Matricaria inodora and Senecio vulgaris auxin was found to be involved in flower head development and pattern formation. Manipulation of the endogenous auxin in planta showed homeotic conversions of disc florets to phyllaries or ray florets. Analysis of lateral organ identity genes revealed a concentration dependant response of the identity genes to auxin. The homeotic change of lateral organs in a concentration dependant manner is one of the key traits of a morphogen that had never been documented in planta before. We suggest that auxin acts as a morphogen in the developing flower head to control development and pattern formation. Visualisation of auxin distribution using a Beta-glucuronidase marker gene further confirmed the presence of an auxin gradient in the developing flower head. Auxin appears to have a secondary role in the petal outgrowth and shape in ray florets. In summary, auxin appears to be controlling the development and pattern formation in the flower head through the concentration dependant recruitment of lateral organ identity genes.
25
Zhang, Yang. "Flower color diversity and the optical mechanism." Kyoto University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136611.
Full textAbstract:
Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第13884号
農博第1699号
新制||農||954(附属図書館)
学位論文||H20||N4351(農学部図書室)
UT51-2008-C800
京都大学大学院農学研究科農学専攻
(主査)教授 矢澤 進, 教授 米森 敬三, 教授 縄田 栄治
学位規則第4条第1項該当
26
Bradley, Lucy, and Cathy Cromell. "Flower Planting Guide for the Low Desert." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144684.
Full textAbstract:
15 pp.Includes tables for choosing flowers based on color, height, days from seed to bloom, light needs, water needs, growing difficulty, lures, and special characteristics. Also includes planting and flowering dates.
27
Von, Hase Amrei. "Why do flowers in Namaqualand close? : Flower closure in relation to the environment and pollen sensitivity to moisture." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25985.
Full textAbstract:
Namaqualand, South Africa, is a desert system characterised by predictable winter rainfall and mild temperatures. Flowering coincides with the wet season which imposes constraints on pollination success. The wide-spread phenomenon of flower closure in the flora may represent an adaptation for protecting sensitive pollen from damage by moisture (dew, rain). The literature dealing with the subject is sparse and we addressed this gap by investigating patterns of flower closure in relation with environmental variables (potential cues). We also determined the effect of water on pollen in field and laboratory situations. The findings are that air temperature closely reflects moisture levels and is the cue for diurnal patterns in flower closure. Of the abiotic factors tested, it best explains the biological variable of flower temperature which is closely correlated with flower closure. Variation among species in their response to ambient temperature is demonstrated by individual thresholds for flower opening and differing strengths of the relationship. The detrimental effect of moisture on pollen viability emerges in four species (Mesembryanthemaceae, Asteraceae) where exposure to water caused significant pollen damage. Field experiments on two of these species confirm significant damage under natural conditions. Petal closure is the dominant protective mechanism in these plants and effectively prevents losses in reproductive potential caused by moisture. This has evolutionary significance as many Namaqualand species persist via annual recruitment. In two species (Asteraceae) that do not close their petals above inflorescences, pollen viability was retained despite placement in water. They may have a different protective strategy, such as a germination inhibitor, or their pollen could be insensitive to water.
28
Wilkins, Matthew Paul. "The Flower Constellations - theory, design process, and applications." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3053.
Full textAbstract:
In this research, constellations of satellites all having orbits compatible with rotating
reference frames are considered. That is to say, no matter how many satellites are considered
for the constellation, when viewed from an arbitrarily defined rotating reference frame
of interest, they all follow a single, identical relative trajectory. In this regard, one could
think of the relative trajectories as ?space trajectories on a rotating reference frame.?
In particular, this research concerns itself with reference frames constrained to rotate
with the planet under consideration (e.g. the Earth Centered Earth Fixed (ECEF) frame,
a frame rotating with the Earth). When the axis of symmetry of these constellations is
aligned with the spin axis of the planet, then the ground track as projected onto the planet
surface will be repeating.
Flower Constellations are identified by eight parameters. Five are integer parameters:
the number of petals (Np), the number of sidereal days to repeat the ground track (Nd), the
number of satellites (Ns), and two integers to govern the phasing (Fn and Fd). Three are
orbit parameters that are generally equal for all satellites: the argument of perigee (w), the
orbit inclination (i), and the perigee altitude (hp). Each of these parameters has a unique effect on the overall design of a Flower Constellation. Based upon specific choices of these parameters, some broad categories of constellation types are presented along with some unique cases. Often, a large number of satellites are used to completely visualize these constellations. While Flower Constellations lend themselves to micro- and nano-satellite constellations very easily, they are also readily scalable to any mission requirement. Also investigated are inverse design techniques where the governing equations are solved for the Flower Constellation parameters to achieve a desired final constellation or formation shape. Flower Constellations present beautiful and interesting dynamical features that allow us to explore a wide range of potential applications that include: telecommunications, Earth and deep space observation, global positioning systems, and new kinds of formation flying schemes among others. To demonstrate their potential, some specific Flower Constellations are described and discussed. Finally, the effect of perturbations such as the Earth?s oblateness are investigated and options for mitigating perturbations are discussed.
29
Vuppalapti, Pavani. "Sunflower, Helianthus annus L., Cut Flower Variety Trial." TopSCHOLAR®, 2005. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/486.
Full textAbstract:
Sunflower, Helianthus annus L., native of North America, is widely grown for oil, bird feed, and human snacks. More recently, sunflower is gaining acceptance as an ornamental potted plant and as a cut flower in the florist industry. The objectives of the present study were: 1. To evaluate diverse cultivars of sunflower for their performance under field and greenhouse conditions. 2. To explore the potential of sunflower in the local florist industry. 3. To exhibit the diversity of sunflower characteristics to the public. In 2004, studies were conducted during the spring and summer in the field and during fall and winter in the greenhouse. Commercial seed catalogs were used to obtain diverse cultivars. In the field study seeds were sown according to the prescribed spacing and depth in a randomized complete block design. Severe soil crusting necessitated replanting. Plants were observed from emergence to maturity for horticultural traits such as days to first leaf emergence, height of the plant, days to bloom, number of heads, and branching characters. When observed performance was compared with the catalog description, similarities were found for flower color and head diameter; however, differences were found for plant height and days to bloom. Aesthetic characteristics were evaluated in the field and in the laboratory as cut flowers. Preliminary results indicated that ornamental sunflower cultivars performed well in Kentucky even in an unusually wet, cool growing season. Inconsistency between catalog descriptions and observed performance indicates the need for growers to test promising varieties on a small scale before making large investments. In the greenhouse study cultivars produced fewer branches and heads compared to their field performance. Some cultivars failed to produce flowers under greenhouse conditions. Sunflower heads were found to be attractive and pleasing to a wide range of individuals. These preliminary results indicate that ornamental sunflower could become a niche crop in Kentucky agriculture. Sunflower as an ornamental crop could be productive and profitable, provided that market infrastructures are developed.
30
Lu, Zhen Cang. "Price forecasting models in online flower shop implementation." Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3691395.
Full text
31
Sampson, Clare. "Management of the western flower thrips on strawberry." Thesis, Keele University, 2014. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/2133/.
Full textAbstract:
The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is an increasing problem in UK strawberry crops. The use of polythene tunnels has provided a more favourable environment for the pest, and pesticide-resistant strains have resulted in control failure. There is a need for improved knowledge of thrips biology and for additional control methods that can be integrated with natural enemies in order to make thrips management programmes more robust. The distribution of, and damage caused by, F. occidentalis was investigated to improve monitoring and decision-making, and the viability of using traps as a control was tested. Over 74% of adult thrips on plants were in flowers. Twice as many adult thrips were found in mature flowers at the top of the plant compared to those at the side. The distribution of larvae between flower and fruit stages varied with thrips density. All stages of flower and fruit were susceptible to damage but thrips larvae caused more damage than adults per individual, so the distribution and numbers of larvae between fruit stages best predicted the timing of damage. The predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudemans reduced damage by feeding on thrips larvae. Economic crop loss occurred at five adult thrips per flower in the absence of N. cucumeris, but up to about 11 adult thrips per flower with good mite establishment. Adult F. occidentalis females overwintered on strawberry and on weeds, resulting in more thrips in second-year than in first-year crops. Mass trapping using blue sticky roller traps caught sufficient adult thrips to reduce fruit damage by 55-68% and increased grower returns by an estimated £2.2k per hectare. The addition of the F. occidentalis aggregation pheromone, neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate, to the traps doubled the trap catch, but a visual stimulus was essential for trapping. (R)-lavandulyl acetate reduced trap catch, suggesting that it is not part of the aggregation pheromone.
32
Pridy, Colin Bradley. "Jack and the blue flower : an aural myth." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42850.
Full textAbstract:
This Dissertation, entitled Jack and the Blue Flower: An Aural Myth, establishes a new approach to formal design, referred to henceforth as a Musical Personograph. This 17-minute work presents a highly developed musical portrait of an individual, in this case British writer and philosopher-theologian C. S. (“Jack”) Lewis. The conceptual and compositional designs are a synthesis of (1) the core principles of Personography, a psychological discipline that seeks to empirically determine the ways in which an individual establishes self-identity via an internalized and evolving life-story; (2) leitmotif and thematic transformation techniques, extended and expanded to include not only melody but harmony; rhythm; polyrhythm and polymeter; pitch centers; orchestration; tonality, polytonality, and atonality; (3) stratified textures consisting of perceptually distinct layers of musical material that contribute fundamentally to the overall shape and form of the work. Novel compositional principles applied include (1) an exploration of the expressive possibilities of an updated approach to programmatic music (musical materials with relationships to extra-musical symbols); (2) the use of intrinsically musical narrative and/or dramatic structures—that is, the establishment of a compositional design that imparts a narrative and/or dramatic structure to a work that functions independently of any imposed extra-musical associations. This work’s intrinsically musical narrative is accomplished via forward- and backward-pointing references (in time) to audibly recognizable musical material of primary importance, called Musical Aspects and Narrative Agents; changes to the musical context framing said Aspects and Agents as the work progresses; the use of multiple musical languages and rhetorical devices which, through shared cultural associations, enable the listener to assign dramatic and/or emotional values to the musical narrative as it unfolds.
33
Schweitzer, Louise. "'One Wild Flower' A Study of Victorian Nonsense." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508974.
Full text
34
Macdonald, Kenneth Macdiarmid. "The alarm pheromone of the western flower thrips." Thesis, Keele University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398927.
Full text
35
Whittaker, Mark Simon. "Oviposition and activity in the western flower thrips." Thesis, Keele University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249445.
Full text
36
O'Leary, Ann Teresa. "Flight and oviposition in the western flower thrips." Thesis, Keele University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423425.
Full text
37
Akinyemi, Adeyemi Oluseye. "The copulation behaviour of the western flower thrips." Thesis, Keele University, 2018. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/5156/.
Full textAbstract:
The western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a major pest of agricultural and horticultural importance in most parts of the world. It damages crops by feeding and transmission of viruses. There is a need for sustainable IPM due to development of resistance to insecticides. Understanding the reproductive biology of this pest may suggest novel approaches to pest control. The aim of this research was to study the copulation behaviour of F. occidentalis and the possible role of pheromones. Female F. occidentalis copulated multiple times with virgin males either in rapid succession or over days, contrary to previous reports that females will not copulate again until after fifteen days. Subsequent copulations were, however, shorter than the first, probably due to detection of a barrier by males that may prevent sperm transfer. Culture reared males copulated with virgin females, but rarely with copulated females, and virgin males copulated with dead virgin females more often than with dead mated females of similar age, which showed that males could detect whether females had copulated. Observation suggested that during copulation, males were applying antiaphrodisiac pheromone by stroking or antennation, which may have been used for assessing females’ copulation status. This antiaphrodisiac pheromone may be the contact pheromone, 7-methyltricosane. Culture reared males were probably limited in reproductive resources due to old age or multiple copulation, thus they could have changed strategy to show preference for virgin females, copulating more with them than already copulated females, whereas, most young virgin males (with more resources) were not mate selective. It is also possible that the increased preference for virgin females resulted from male mating experience. Choice based on male copulation status was not observed in virgin females.
38
Woldeyohannes, Mekdes. "Environmental regulation of commercial flower production in Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/95268/.
Full textAbstract:
Floriculture, a flourishing industry since the end of 1990s, is a source of livelihood for thousands of people in Ethiopia. Investment into the sector has been promoted with the objective of creating employment opportunities, foreign exchange earnings and links to the international market. Flowers are now among major export commodities along-side other agricultural products such as coffee and oil seeds. The sector’s contribution as a source of employment is considerable in terms of poverty reduction as poverty is a deep rooted problem in Ethiopia. However, there are challenges related to employment conditions and environmental externalities. This thesis examines into the problems of environmental protection and regulatory frameworks regarding the floriculture industry. It provides analysis on factors that affect the effective implementation of regulatory frameworks. The thesis addresses the main environmental challenges associated with flower production. The main analysis is that in Ethiopia the problem basically lies with excessive application of pesticides and fertilisers; the impact eventually extends to affecting water and soil quality. Concerns about excessive utilization of surface and ground water are also addressed. With case studies of two freshwater lakes, the thesis demonstrates how establishment of floriculture companies adjacent to lakes compromise water quality and quantity, and affects aquatic life. Focusing on each environmental problem, the thesis provides analysis on existing regulatory frameworks and identifies lack of effective implementation as the root of the problem leading to environmental degradation. The country’s level of development has been a restricting factor to channel resources necessary to employ expertise and infrastructure. At the same time, there are tendencies of prioritizing economic development, through attracting investment, than environmental protection driven by the belief that strict regulation obstructs investment. The thesis also highlights that absence of effective and adequate regulatory framework has been a challenge to the objectives of investment promotion in Ethiopia and the right to improved living standard and to sustainable development guaranteed in the Constitution. The thesis suggests that strict monitoring and inspection of flower production process is needed, and the primary response to regulate environmental impacts must rest on the government. It identifies a number of intervention areas, including strengthening pesticide registration and control system, putting in place water use and discharge permit systems, requiring Environmental Impact Assessment reports and supporting companies to implement sustainable flower production methods. Promoting good agricultural production methods, private environmental standards and certification schemes can play role in improving environmental standards. However, compliance expenses can restrict industry wide implementation of the standards. The analysis offered in the thesis provides an evaluation of the main challenges facing the Ethiopian flower industry at a time of increasing volatility in the market. This is the first legal analysis of the environmental impact of flower industry in Ethiopia.
39
Elis, Mabon. "Evolutionary genetics of flower colour variation in Antirrhinum." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2018. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/69572/.
Full textAbstract:
Phenotypic differences between species and populations can reveal much about how they have adapted and responded to a complex set of environmental cues. Studies have shown that genetic control of some traits is centralised to single genomic regions, while others are regulated at many unlinked loci dispersed throughout the genome. One trait that shows an enormous degree of variation between plant species is flower colour, and its tractability makes it an ideal trait for studying genetic differences underlying species differentiation. Antirrhinum majus has long been used as a model for studying floral traits, including colour. The 20-30 wild Antirrhinum species use diverse patterns on their flowers, formed by producing and accumulating magenta anthocyanins and yellow aurones in different tissues, to attract pollinators. In this project, I sought to genetically map flower colour phenotypes to the Antirrhinum genome. Several Antirrhinum species were crossed to A. majus to generate segregating populations. I used a combination of bulked segregant analysis, individual genotyping of segregating populations and analysis of genome sequences from wild accessions to test whether genes governing each colour trait were concentrated at particular loci or dispersed across many chromosomes. I found that variation in magenta not previously characterised maps to the known ROSEA-ELUTA (ROS-EL) locus where transcription factors regulating anthocyanin production are encoded. Yellow phenotypes from three species mapped to chromosome 2, where there is reduced recombination between A. majus and many wild species, and where an aurone biosynthetic enzyme is encoded. However, there appear to be some additional modifiers of flower colour in these species, not linked to the ROS-EL and chromosome 2 loci. These results fit neither the central- nor dispersed-control models of genetic control, but rather an intermediate hypothesis - that flower colour can be changed by selection acting on a modest number of loci spread throughout the genome.
40
Dublon, Ian A. N. "The aggregation pheromone of the Western flower thrips." Thesis, Keele University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499345.
Full textAbstract:
The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a polyphagous insect pest and virus vector with a ubiquitous distribution. Its control necessitates an IPM strategy and as part of this there is a potential for exploiting the male-produced aggregation pheromone. Neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate and (R)-lavandulyl acetate have previously been identified as male-produced compounds with the former being shown to increase trap catch in glasshouse trials. Experiments that varied the visual stimulus oi the luie indicated that a visual stimulus was needed for the lure to work.
41
Hoffman, Eleanor Wilhelmina. "Flower initiation and development of Protea cv. Carnival." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21741.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertation (PhD(Agric))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Advancement of the flowering time of Protea cv. Carnival by approximately three months, without compromising the product quality, was achieved by the application of 6- benzyladenine-containing plant growth regulators to three-flush shoots in autumn. This earlier flowering time coincides favourably with the prime European marketing period (November-January). The percentage three-flush shoots initiating an inflorescence following the brush application of the 6-benzyladenine (BA)-containing regulators, ABG- 3062 (active ingredient: BA 2% w/w) and Accel® (active ingredients: BA 1.8% w/w; gibberellins A4A7 0.18% w/w) on dormant terminal buds, increased with later application dates and flowering percentages as high as 90% was achieved. No inflorescences were initiated on flushes induced by Promalin® (active ingredients: BA 1.8% w/w; gibberellins A4A7 1.8% w/w). Phenological phase progression of green point, flush expansion and inflorescence development of 'Carnival' shoots as induced by BA was calculated to have base temperatures of 8°C, 6°C and 1°C respectively. The days required from application of the BA-containing growth regulator until green point stage increased progressively over the six consecutive treatment dates in autumn (14 March - 22 May 2003). In contrast, the days required to complete inflorescence development decreased with each successive treatment date. The days required between the respective stages were mostly negatively correlated with temperature, except for the phase 'green point to flush expansion', where the relationship was unclear. For three-flush shoots of eight-year old plants, between 13-57, 39-65 and 121-177 days were required to reach green point, to achieve full flush expansion following green point and to complete inflorescence after flush expansion respectively. BA application enhanced budbreak in most dormant shoots, irrespective of plant age, BA concentration, decreasing temperature over time or shoot characteristics. However, twoflush shoots treated in late May had low budbreak and hence low flowering percentages. Shoots varied considerably in their responsiveness to BA treatments. BA application (500mg·L-1) as MaxCelTM (active ingredients: BA 1.9% w/w) to terminal buds alone of mature three-flush shoots from less vigorous growing plants resulted in the highest flowering percentages. Applications were most effective when applied to the terminal bud in the dormant state or up to the ‘green point’ stage. Shoot characteristics such as flush length, leaf area, shoot dry mass, number and proximity of the leaves to the terminal bud were all positively correlated with the propensity of shoots to initiate inflorescence under BA induction. Terminal flush intercalation shoot diameter (>7mm) was identified as the most important variable influencing the likeliness of flowering and can effectively serve as a nondestructive estimation of a shoot's propensity to flower. The presence of developing inflorescences or possible floral inhibiting factors derived from the previous flowering season is suggested to be inhibitory to inflorescence initiation following BA application. Synchronisation of shoot growth by pruning plants in late winter appears to be an essential step to ensure high percentages inflorescence initiation with BA treatment the following autumn. The use of BA as a management tool to control flowering times in Protea for better market opportunities is shown to hold considerable commercial potential.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Protea cv. Carnival se blomtyd is met ongeveer drie maande vervroeg sonder om produkkwaliteit prys te gee. Hierdie vervroegde blomtyd wat gunstig saam val met die optimale Europese bemarkingstyd van November-Januarie is bewerkstelling deur die herfstoediening van 6-bensieladenien-bevattende plantgroei-reguleerders op lote bestaande uit drie groeistuwings. Die persentasie lote met drie groeistuwings wat 'n bloeiwyse geïniseer het na 'n kwas-aanwending met die 6-bensieladenien (BA)-bevattende groeireguleerders, ABG-3062 (aktiewe bestandeel: BA 2% w/w) en Accel® (aktiewe bestandele: BA 1.8% w/w; gibberellins A4A7 0.18% w/w), het toegeneem met latere behandelingsdatums en blompersentasies so hoog as 90% is behaal. Geen bloeiwyses is geïnisieer op groeistuwings wat deur Promalin® (aktiewe bestandeel: BA 1.8% w/w; gibberellins A4A7 1.8% w/w) teweeggebring is nie. Basis temperature van 8°C, 6°C en 1°C respektiewelik is bereken vir fenologiese fasevordering vanaf groeireguleerder toediening tot by groenpunt, groeistuwing-voltooing en bloeiwyse-ontwikkeling van 'Carnival' lote soos geïnduseer deur BA. Die dae wat benodig was vanaf toediening van die BA-toediening totdat groenpunt stadium bereik is, het progressief toegeneem oor die ses opeenvolgende herfsbehandelingsdatums (14 Maart-22 Mei 2003). In teenstelling met bostaande, het die vereiste aantal dae om bloeiwyseontwikkeling te voltooi afgeneem met elke opeenvolgende behandelingsdatum. Die aantal dae wat benodig was vir die onderskeie fases was meestal negatief gekorreleer met temperatuur, behalwe vir die fase 'groenpunt tot groeistuwing-voltooing', waar die verhouding onduidelik was. Vir lote van agt-jaar-oue plante met drie groeistuwings was tussen 13-57, 39-65 en 121-177 dae respektiewelik benodig om groenpunt te bereik, volledige groeistuwingverlenging te bewerkstellig en om bloeiwyse-ontwikkeling wat volg na groeistuwing verlenging, te voltooi. BA-toediening het knoprusbreking bevorder in die meeste dormante lote, ongeag plant ouderdom, BA konsentrasie, afname in temperatuur met tyd of loot eienskappe. Lote met twee groeistuwings wat laat in die herfs behandel is, het egter lae rusbreking en dus gevolglik ook lae blompersentasies getoon. Lote varieer aansienlik in hul reaksie op BA behandeling. BA toediening (500mg·L-1) as MaxCelTM (active ingredients: BA 1.9% w/w) op die terminale knop van afgeharde lote met drie groeistuwings en afkomstig van minder groeikragtige plante het tot die hoogste blompersentasies gelei. Die effektiwiteit van die behandeling was die hoogste met toedienings aan dormante terminale knoppe tot en met groenpuntstadium. Loot eienskappe soos groeistuwinglengte, blaaroppervlakte, loot droë massa, asook die aantal en nabyheid van die blare relatief tot die terminal knop was almal positief gekorreleerd met die vermoë van die loot om 'n blom te inisisieer in reaksie op BA induksie. Terminale groeiverstuwing interkalasie-lootdikte (>7mm) is geïdentifiseer as die belangrikste veranderlike wat die vermoë om te kan blom kan beïnvloed en kan gebruik word as 'n nie-destruktiewe voorspeller vir blom-inisiasie. Die teenwoordigheid van ontwikkelende bloeiwyses of potensiële blom-inhiberende faktore aanwesig in die loot na die vorige blomperiode, word moontlik beskou om inhiberend te wees vir BA-geïnduseerde blom-inisiasie. Sinchronisering van lootgroei deur die snoei van plante in laat-winter blyk krities te wees om 'n hoë blompersentasie met BA behandeling te verseker in die daaropvolgende herfs. Die aanwending van BA as 'n bestuurstegniek om die blomtyd van Protea te posisioneer vir beter bemarkingsgeleenthede toon aansienlike kommersiële potensiaal.
42
Suntipabvivattana, Niramon. "Extending the vase life of mixed flower bouquets." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8509.
Full textAbstract:
The popularity of mixed flowers bouquets has increased in the cut flower industry. The longevity of mixed flowers bouquets is limited by the individual life of each flower in the bunch. Various factors have been studied for their effect on the individual life of each flower in mixed flowers bouquets. The results indicate that the differences in vase life of each flower in mixed bouquets may come from the influence of their phenotype. In cut rose flowers, there were various contents of fructose, glucose, sucrose and myo-inositol in all cultivars. However, levels of sugars contents were not related to the long-lived cultivars. For cut lily flowers, the contents of fructose, glucose and sucrose were measured in the primary and the secondary bud of ‘Tiber’ lilies. Differences in the contents of fructose, glucose and sucrose between the primary and secondary bud, did not relate to the longevity of individual bud life. However, this experiment found increases in sucrose contents in both positions before the time of opening. This increase in sucrose may relate to the role of the carbohydrate energy source for bud opening. Bacteria found in this study seemed to be largely specific to different flower types. Also, species of bacteria found in the vase water of mixed flowers were less than in that of single varieties. Difference in species of bacteria may be due to differences between plants, and the conditions they exert in the vase water. In general bacterial numbers were high at the beginning of all the experiments, indicating a strong inoculum effect from stems, although there was no straightforward relationship between stem numbers and inoculum size, in all cases. Experiments of single varieties were studied using ‘Tiber’ lily, ‘Akito’ rose and ‘Valentino’ rose. The results indicated that the addition of stems did not result in higher numbers of bacteria, but vase life was reduced, especially for the roses. The effect of number of stems in mixed flowers was investigated in distilled water and liquid flower food. The result of the addition of stems was to reduce the vase life of both ‘Tiber’ lily and ‘Akito’ rose. However, the effect of more stems of ‘Akito’ roses had a greater effect on vase life, fresh weight and water uptake than in ‘Tiber’ lilies. This indicated that ‘Akito’ roses had a greater response to high bacteria populations than lilies. The role of chemical exudates on flowers was not clear in the present study as they only had an effect during the early part of the vase life. The vase lives of ‘Tiber’ lilies and ‘Akito’ roses in all treatments were not significantly different. Perhaps treatment effects caused by the presence of chemical exudates may have been ‘masked’ by the presence of micro-organisms. The screening of 12 essential oils (West Indian bay, cinnamon leaf, clove bud, clove leaf, Chinese ginger, lemongrass, mandarin, rosemary, sage, spearmint, sweet fennel, and thyme) showed that thyme oil and lemongrass oil are effective against more bacterial species over other essential oils. The comparison of the minimal bactericide concentration (MBC) of thyme oil and lemongrass oil showed that the average MBC for thyme oil was lower than that of lemongrass. However, the thyme oil failed to extend the vase life of ‘Tiber’ lily and ‘Akito’ rose. Thyme oil was effective against bacteria for a very short time and could not extend vase life, especially that of the ‘Akito’ rose. Overall, thyme oil treatment appeared to reduce vase life. The efficacy of nine weak organic acids was studied in vivo for their effect on six bacterial species. Bacterial samples were inoculated on trypticase soya agar (TSA) pH 4 and 7. At pH 7, the TSA was prepared by using distilled water. All six bacteria species grew well under these conditions. The results of weak organic acids studied at pH 7 showed that Trans-cinnamic acid was the only weak organic acid that could act against some bacteria. At pH 4, only L8 (Bacillus spp.) could grow, and Trans- cinnamic acid was effective against this bacteria. The initial result of testing Trans- cinnamic acid against bacteria offered some promise for it to be applied successfully to the vase water of cut flowers, in combination with buffer systems.
43
CHIU, HUI-HSUAN, and 邱蕙萱. "Flower face, flower whisper." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49954178886202733107.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
美術學系
96
Chapter one: 〝a flower and one world, a grass and one universe〞 , find the inspiration of the flower and creation motive. Chapter two: The ' meaning ' and the spatial consciousness of value and vacant space in Chinese flower-and-bird painting；' the female flowers' creation﹒ The personal style of creating and form discussion Chapter four: The works analyzing
44
Lin, Yueh-Shiar, and 林月霞. "Flower and Beyond Flower - Passage from Form to Formlessness." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31943334388596142361.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
美術學系
98
In an epoch when art is regarded as a peculiar form of expression, what bothers us artists most is not how we present ourselves, but how we find our position in such a rapidly changing art world. In other words, the rise of considerable art movements in the twenty-first century within a short time leads to the confusion of coexistent old/traditional and new /avant-garde schools. Thus, establishing one’s own style in the disorder is an unprecedented challenge to most contemporary artists. In comparison with our predecessors, we contemporary artists are freer to choose media or subject matters, varying from installation art or electronic multimedia. Yet, like all masters in the past, we all pursue uniqueness and hope to find our position among confusion of modern art world. Looking back to the past, we know that art had been being redefined in different civilization. Therefore, it is not surprising to find that we contemporary artists, influenced and impacted by various schools and movements in the twentieth century, become more skeptical of the essence of art than our counterparts did in the past. Nevertheless, we all more or less share the same interest and try to examine our inner selves during creation. In other words, creation itself is an artist’s introspection and is a direct reflection of the real world. Based on that fact, this thesis aims to chronicle my own creation in recent years and focuses on my transition from the stage of “concrete form” to the stage of “abstract formlessness.” The thesis is not only a record of my inner change through different creation, but also an account of how I found my position and uniqueness after exploring many theoretical works of major modern artists. This thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 introduces my concept of creation and subject matter. Nature is one of my commonly used subjects because I believe that Nature can help us to purify ourselves. And, among subjects on Nature, “flower” is my favorite. Therefore, chapter 2 begins with the study of European still life flower paintings, trying to find clues in modern art history to help examine my works. During the stage when European advocated life philosophy, still life flower paintings usually emphasized realistic forms. After American artist Georgia O’Keeffe appeared and turned objects of Nature abstract by intuition, formlessness became a main stream. However, forms did not totally disappear in paintings until the emergence of Mondrian’s abstract geometric paintings and Kline’s abstract expressionist masterpiece. Thereafter, formlessness became prevailing while soul and spirit were emphasized in creation. In fact, the transition from “form” to “formlessness” is not only visible in modern art history, but is also seen in my own creation. In other words, reviewing relevant evolvement in modern art history helps me to explain my growth and change of style in different stages. Chapter 3 provides another point of view, in which I examine my works mainly by “aesthetic psychology.” This chapter consists of five aspects, which are “the meaning of signs and pictures,” “symbols”, “structures”, “colors”, “representation of composition,” and “influence and reflection of the environment.” They are used to analyze my works vertically as well as horizontally and to find more evidence of the transition in my creation from “form” to “formlessness”. Chapter 4 reviews my works in different stages through syllogism, and further investigates my motivation as well as inspiration behind each creation. “Transition from form to formlessness” has been my venture and the core of creation. In an overview of modern art history, it seems inevitable that formlessness will in the end supersede form in paintings. It is also an ultimate goal that I, as a creator, have been pursuing. Last, the conclusion—not only summarizes above-mentioned retrospect, but also manifests my prospects and new direction.
45
YANG, YU-NING, and 楊寓寧. "FLOWER without HEART." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82334181690905776162.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
美術學系
104
This thesis contains an introduction and a number of images. Parts of these images are facsimiles, and they excerpt from a small book named “Flower without Heart”, another parts are image recordings, which excerpts form many pieces of creations about this thesis. The “Introduction” will explain why this thesis chooses the form for presenting that we see presently, and how to write and edit in progress, for giving reader an reading advice. The facsimile in the images comes from a chapbook, which is printed out practically. The book contains a certain number of sections, each of them is independent but interrelated with one another. According to their contents, it is categorized into four categories: The first part “Miscellany” contains “Inner Ocean”, “Amusement”, “Reading Pessoa”, “Plain”, “Star” five chapters. The Second part “Mayfly” contains “Body was Left Behind”, “Reading Pessoa”, “Nature”, “Ephemera”, “Flirting” five chapters. The Third part “Salty Rain” contains “Weeds”, “Daylight of One Year”, “The Only Weed” three chapters. The Fourth part “Daybreak Dew” contains “Love”, “Ill”, “Nothing Important”, “Death”, “About Daybreak Dew-Death” five chapters. These four categories in eighteen chapters are complete. These eighteen chapters probe into from different points, and rethinking the creative activity directly. The image recording in the appendix comes from “Escape of Prosthesis”, “I’ve stagnated, like a forsaken pond, among landscape that don’t exist.”, “All razing ultimately return to universe, universe always render you vivid things.”, “I felt akin to my desire I”, “I felt akin to my desire II”, “Lovers we never become who brought me her snake slough.”, “Landscape”, “No waves lake / Lake with no waves”, “Living Will”, “Stream” those art works and so on, and they all arrange in chronological order. Those works and words can elucidate elucidate each other, but can be viewed as complete and independent. Key Words : Ephemera, Mutual, Inner Sense, Vestige, Poetic
46
廖聖心. "Light of Flower." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b4682q.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北藝術大學
美術學系碩士在職專班
106
Light always represents a holy force, even at the beginning of creation. “God said that if there is light, then there is light.” Bible Genesis 1:3. Because of the light, human beings can see everything in the world. Light gives people the impression of illuminating situations, guiding people and illuminating directions. The sacred spiritual light makes the human body feel emotional, feel and piece together light sources of all objects in the world. The beauty of the peony flower life, the beauty in her natural posture style, gives the illusion perception of rich and elegant beauty, more beautiful in her role in the media. The study of the creation of the Light Flower is a work created by the author in the master class of the art department of Taipei Art University from 2015 to 2018. The image is expressed through the unique and unique materiality of the gold foil glossy material and the rich, auspicious and rich life of the peony flowers. Symbols, the combination of gold foil and peony flowers, the two linked works of good imagery, with the new artistic style of plant aesthetics painting creation form, for the creation of academic support and control. Extend the natural non-figurative body shape, as a painting image element connected, the metaphor conveys the symbolic meaning of the flower of light, the expression embodies the eternal life of the flower. They also confess that in the Christian faith, the king of all kings of God will create all things in the universe, and they will draw the symbol of peony and the king of flowers, and feel the invigoration of their own inner mind in response to natural plants and flowers, as well as the condensed expression of the spiritual light. It should prove the experience and cognition of eternal life.
47
LIU-YI-WEN and 劉怡雯. "Flower Meaning and Flower Painting—Exploring a Series of Floral Paintings." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85392043185864361144.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
造形藝術學系碩士在職專班
96
The research focuses on flowers and explores historic changes of floral paintings. By examining the past, the researcher expects to learn the advantages of traditional artists and then develop a realistic, detailed and symbolic style of painting. The thesis is entitled Flower Meaning and Flower Painting – Exploring a Series of Floral Paintings. “Flower meaning” examines theories of floral paintings. “Flower painting” presents and interprets the researcher’s personal creation of floral paintings, composed of three series – seasonal flowers, dialogues with flowers, and flowers in vases. First of all, the thesis introduces the motivation, purposes, scope and methods of the research. Then, the researcher explores the development of Western floral paintings and Chinese flower and bird paintings, and makes references to works of traditional artists. After that is the theoretical foundation of the research. It mainly discusses worship of nature and the realistic and detailed style of drawing plants. The researcher obtains inspiration from the symbolic meaning of nature, and provides some examples of Chinese and Western paintings to illustrate the creation style. Next, the researcher explains her own creation beliefs and ways to practice them. The 34 pieces of paintings, which fall into three series, are briefly introduced and interpreted respectively. In addition, the researcher’s prospect of future creation is presented. Key Words : flower painting
48
Chen, Yen-Cheng, and 陳彥丞. "Flower, Not FlowerA study of cosmos from my mind on Chinese Painting creation." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00114448888782672388.
Full textAbstract:
碩士長榮大學
美術系(所)
101
This study aims to discuss how the lives and habits of plants, birds, and animals that live in the author’s environment interact with the climate. The author manifests his thoughts in his creations the phenomena and epiphanies that he perceives through his eyes. As described earlier, sometimes the author sees an image of nature full of life and vigor. At other times, the pictures take on the meanings of previous cultural influences. Sometimes, the works are fused with the author’s personal experiences. The author gets an understanding by following the mind and soul and creates analogies with images. The structure of the study is as follows: In Chapter One, the introduction mainly describes the motive, the objectives, the scope of research, and the research method. The steps of the research are shown in a chart. Finally, some special terminologies are discussed and defined at the end of this chapter. Chapter Two discusses the history of classical flower-and-bird paintings. First, the origins of flower-and-bird paintings are briefly described along with the current situation. Then, the author talks about the creative styles of the bird-and-flower paintings of the Sung Dynasty. As the author lives in Taiwan, in addition to the study of bird-and-flower paintings of the Sung Dynasty, the creative development of Taiwanese bird-and-flower paintings are also discussed.The construct of the creative ideals for “Flower，Not Flower” is analyzed in Chapter Three. The author has come up with four major points that describe his aestheticism and thinking—renewed exploration of shape and color, composition and format, brush techniques, and creative content and thought—through the study of history of painting and theory of painting, and collections of works and personal creative ideals that the author has formed through practice. In Chapter Four, the creative works are analyzed. This chapter is about creating the works. The author first talks about how his creative thinking is realized and offers an analysis of why the works are divided into three series—lusting after flowers, clothing patterns, and searching for flowers in the fog. Then, seven major works are analyzed and discussed. Chapter Five conclusion looks back at the study and the results and offers discussion and reflection. Finally, the possibility and development of further studies are discussed.
49
Wang, Chuan-Chuan, and 王娟娟. "A Flower is not a flower – The Delight and Experiment of Paintings." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3eyu4a.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中國文化大學
美術學系
105
“A Flower Is Not a Flower - the Delight and Experiment of Paintings” is a wonderful art journey. In this trip, the mind aesthetic is merged together with reality. It seems that the heaven is discovered; and I see many of the things that I have never seen before. Corinthians 2: 9 ” No eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no mind has imagined what God has prepared for those who love him.” I use oil paints and natural lacquer in art creation. With delight and experiment, the art creation is gradually transformed from the pursuit of aesthetics in landscape and outdoor paintings into much abundance in inner mind. Through the composition and aesthetics of Van Gogh and Cezanne, I re-consider the painting “between similarity and dissimilarity”. Following the mind color of Monet and Bonnard, I realize the psychology of color and the spirituality of color. The works of Kandinsky, Pollock and the advisor of this thesis also inspire me the imagination and creation. During the experiment, I receive the best message: Color has feelings, perception and extension; the line also has emotion, life and power. The aesthetic experience of dancing, music and Chinese calligraphy is revealed under the lines with melody and rhythm by painting brush and scraper which are far beyond the expectation before experiment. When whole works are completed, I realize the art becomes the goal of my life.
50
Wang, Shu-Yu, and 汪書毓. "Flower and Folk Culture." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hw647s.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北藝術大學
建築與文化資產研究所
101
China since ancient times is an animistic nation, believing that everything in the universe lives peacefully with a spirit or a soul. With a distinctive history and geography, the folk customs and faith in Taiwan have formed for many different reasons. For instance, in the early times, people could not cope with or explain non-human events, or they were eager to improve their living conditions and quality, but did not know what to do, so they turned to a third party for solutions and physical, mental and spiritual solace. Whatever the result was, they did get some refreshment and relaxation indirectly. The earliest connection between flowers and folk customs may date back to the flora faith of the nature worship. As a representative of Nature’s beauty, either in the East or in the West, people use flowers to eulogize figures, events and things, to decorate living space, rituals, and even themselves, so as to express their different thoughts and emotions. With a close relationship with Nature, flowers and trees are associated frequently with artifacts, legends, literature, proverbs and so on. From the Flora faith to the boy baby praying ritual by growing flowers, the sacrifice flowers, paper-made spring flowers and paper-made spring flowers on meals, flowers are found at the material, social or psychological levels and all are about wishes for a better life. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore flowers seen widely in Taiwanese faith and space in three chapters: flowers and faith, flowers and space, and flowers and folk life, aiming to analyze the flower-related elements in Taiwan folk life and faith by observation, to sum up the basic form of flowers at all levels, to further explore the inherent nature and meaning, and to dig more of its formation and transformational significance.