Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fluctuation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Fluctuation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Fluctuation"

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Treacy, Michael M. J. "Fluctuation Microscopy: What is it?" Microscopy Today 13, no. 5 (September 2005): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500053761.

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Fluctuation microscopy is the enigmatic name given to an otherwise straightforward technique for studying medium range order in highly disordered materials. By medium range, we mean atomic ordering at length scales within the range 0.5-2.0 nm, where traditional imaging and diffraction techniques have the most difficulty detecting structural correlations in amorphous materials. Puzzlement over fluctuation microscopy generally arises not because of the "microscopy" part of the name, but because of the "fluctuation" part. What, exactly, is fluctuating? And, why does it fluctuate?The fluctuations are simply the variations in scattering between small sub-volumes within a thin sample. These are usually not timevarying fluctuations (although they could be), but instead they are the position-varying fluctuations in local diffraction.
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Mila, A. L., and X. B. Yang. "Effects of Fluctuating Soil Temperature and Water Potential on Sclerotia Germination and Apothecial Production of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum." Plant Disease 92, no. 1 (January 2008): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-1-0078.

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The effects of fluctuating soil temperature and water potential on sclerotial germination and apothecial production by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were investigated in growth chamber experiments. In the temperature experiments, temperature fluctuations of 4, 8, 12, and 16°C around a median of 20°C, and a constant of 20°C, were tested. Daily temperature fluctuations of 8°C resulted in highest levels of sclerotial germination and apothecial production. The earliest appearance of apothecia occurred in the 8°C fluctuation treatment, 24 days after the start of the experiment. Sclerotia in the 12°C fluctuation treatment germinated last; its first sclerotium germinated 44 days after experiment initiation. For the soil water potential experiments, constant saturation (approximately –0.001 MPa) and three levels of soil water potential fluctuation from saturation—“low” (–0.03 to –0.04 MPa), “medium” (–0.06 to –0.07 MPa), and “high” (–0.09 to –0.1 MPa)—were tested. Constant saturation yielded the highest number of germinated sclerotia and apothecia. All soil water potential fluctuations were detrimental to sclerotial germination and apothecial production, with sclerotial germination under fluctuating moisture conditions less than a tenth of that occurring under constant saturation. The first sclerotium in the constant saturation treatment germinated in 35 days; however, 76 days were required in the high soil water potential fluctuation treatment.
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Cai, Jian-Cheng, Hao-Jie Chen, Volodymyr Brazhenko, and Yi-Hong Gu. "Study of the Hydrodynamic Unsteady Flow Inside a Centrifugal Fan and Its Downstream Pipe Using Detached Eddy Simulation." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 2, 2021): 5113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095113.

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The detailed unsteady turbulent flow inside a centrifugal fan and its downstream pipe was studied using detached eddy simulation (DES) at three flowrates, namely, the best efficiency point (BEP), 0.75BEP, and 1.49BEP. Both the mean and fluctuating flow fields were analyzed on the basis of the root-mean-square value as the indication of fluctuating intensity. Results showed that the pressure fluctuation had the minimum value at BEP, but the velocity fluctuation increased with the flowrate. Most regions inside the centrifugal fan underwent large pressure fluctuation with the magnitude of about 10~20% of pref = 0.5 ρu22, where u2 is the blade velocity at the impeller outlet. The pressure fluctuation had a maximum value at the impeller side of the tongue tip rather than the stagnation point, and it decreased rapidly along the outlet pipe with magnitude about 1% of pref after distance of five pipe diameters. The spectra of hydrodynamic pressure showed conspicuous spikes at the blade passing frequency (BPF) in the volute but not in the downstream pipe. At the downstream pipe entrance, pressure fluctuation spectra agreed with experimental results, showing that hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations were dominant; however, the experimental data showed a much slower decreasing rate due to the acoustic fluctuations.
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Sheldon, Kimberly S., Mojgan Padash, Amanda W. Carter, and Katie E. Marshall. "Different amplitudes of temperature fluctuation induce distinct transcriptomic and metabolomic responses in the dung beetle Phanaeus vindex." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 23 (November 2, 2020): jeb233239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.233239.

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ABSTRACTMost studies exploring molecular and physiological responses to temperature have focused on constant temperature treatments. To gain a better understanding of the impact of fluctuating temperatures, we investigated the effects of increased temperature variation on Phanaeus vindex dung beetles across levels of biological organization. Specifically, we hypothesized that increased temperature variation is energetically demanding. We predicted that thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate and energetic reserves would be reduced with increasing fluctuation. To test this, we examined the responses of dung beetles to constant (20°C), low fluctuation (20±5°C), or high fluctuation (20±12°C) temperature treatments using respirometry, assessment of energetic reserves and HPLC-MS-based metabolomics. We found no significant differences in metabolic rate or energetic reserves, suggesting increased fluctuations were not energetically demanding. To understand why there was no effect of increased amplitude of temperature fluctuation on energetics, we assembled and annotated a de novo transcriptome, finding non-overlapping transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of beetles exposed to different fluctuations. We found that 58 metabolites increased in abundance in both fluctuation treatments, but 15 only did so in response to high-amplitude fluctuations. We found that 120 transcripts were significantly upregulated following acclimation to any fluctuation, but 174 were upregulated only in beetles from the high-amplitude fluctuation treatment. Several differentially expressed transcripts were associated with post-translational modifications to histones that support a more open chromatin structure. Our results demonstrate that acclimation to different temperature fluctuations is distinct and may be supported by increasing transcriptional plasticity. Our results indicate for the first time that histone modifications may underlie rapid acclimation to temperature variation.
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Laberge, Gaetan J. H., and Rizwan U. Haq. ""Universality" of Gaussian orthogonal ensemble fluctuations: the two-body random ensemble and shell model spectra." Canadian Journal of Physics 68, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p90-048.

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Starting from an appropriate decomposition of the level density into an average and fluctuating part, we studied the energy level fluctuations of an ensemble defined by two-body random Hamiltonians. A detailed analysis of several spectrally averaged fluctuation measures shows close agreement with the predictions of the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE). This confirms earlier indications that, except for noninteracting particles, fluctuation measures are insensitive to the rank of the interaction. Further, analysis of spectra obtained from realistic nuclear interactions agrees well with the GOE indicating that specific properties of the Hamiltonian have little or no influence on fluctuations. These results, therefore, strengthen our belief in the "universality" of GOE fluctuations.
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Hatef, Hakimeh, Mahmoud Daneshvar Kakhki, Mohammad Reza Kohansal, Mohammad Bannayan, and Naser Shahnoushi Froshani. "Climate vulnerability index fluctuation: a case of Iran." Journal of Water and Climate Change 10, no. 1 (May 3, 2018): 223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.044.

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Abstract Climatic fluctuations have severe effects on water and soil resources and economy as a whole. It is hence important to study the fluctuations of climatic parameters in different regions in order to recognize the source and type of parameter that have led to fluctuating climatic parameters. To achieve this goal, the current study attempts to address the following issues: what are the different sources of fluctuations in climate parameters? Do different regions have the same degree of vulnerability and what is the most fluctuating parameter in each region? To answer these questions, the study suggests climate vulnerability index fluctuation. Calculating the index requires data provided by weather stations, so 115 weather stations were divided into 12 climatic zones based on the availability of data. This index considered permanent and frequent temperature, precipitation, storm and aridity shocks. The results indicated that the maximum rank of index has occurred in hot semi-mountainous and very hot desert. Also, temperature fluctuation was the major factor in five regions, whereas wind fluctuation was the major factor in three regions. Generally, the northern and western parts of the country experienced minimum climatic changes. Moving towards southern regions of the country, more climatic changes were observed.
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Li, Yuepeng, Liuyue Wang, Xun Zou, Jihong Qu, and Gang Bai. "Experimental and Simulation Research on the Process of Nitrogen Migration and Transformation in the Fluctuation Zone of Groundwater Level." Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 8, 2022): 3742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083742.

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The fluctuation of groundwater causes a change in the groundwater environment and then affects the migration and transformation of pollutants. To study the influence of water level fluctuations on nitrogen migration and transformation, physical experiments on the nitrogen migration and transformation process in the groundwater level fluctuation zone were carried out. A numerical model of nitrogen migration in the Vadose zone and the saturated zone was constructed by using the software HydrUS-1D. The correlation coefficient and the root mean square error of the model show that the model fits well. The numerical model is used to predict nitrogen migration and transformation in different water level fluctuation scenarios. The results show that, compared with the fluctuating physical experiment scenario, when the fluctuation range of the water level increases by 5 cm, the fluctuation range of the nitrogen concentration in the coarse sand, medium sand and fine sand media increases by 37.52%, 31.40% and 21.14%, respectively. Additionally, when the fluctuation range of the water level decreases by 5 cm, the fluctuation range of the nitrogen concentration in the coarse sand, medium sand and fine sand media decreases by 36.74%, 14.70% and 9.39%, respectively. The fluctuation of nitrogen concentration varies most significantly with the amplitude of water level fluctuations in coarse sand; the change in water level has the most significant impact on the flux of nitrate nitrogen and has little effect on the change in nitrite nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, and the difference in fine sand is the most obvious, followed by medium sand, and the difference in coarse sand is not great.
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Olszewski, Marcin, and Nikolaj A. Sergeev. "Lineshape of a Stochastic Oscillator with Two State Frequency Modulations." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 63, no. 10-11 (November 1, 2008): 688–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2008-10-1112.

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The transformations of the lineshape with a fluctuating frequency for the Kubo-Anderson oscillator are considered. Assuming that the frequency of the oscillator fluctuates between two values and the rate of this fluctuation is a stochastic function of the time the analytical expression of the lineshape is obtained. It is assumed that the stochastic fluctuations of the potential barrier for the Kubo-Anderson oscillator lead to the stochastic fluctuations of the frequency. The transformations of the lineshape are extremely sensitive to the function, which describes the distributions of the frequency fluctuations. The obtained expression is applied to the different distributions of the fluctuation frequency rate. It is shown that a unusual type of the motional narrowing phenomenon is observed for the log-normal and log-Lorentzian distribution.
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Wu, Peipeng, Jean-Christophe Comte, Lijuan Zhang, Shuhong Wang, and Bin Chang. "Effect of Surface Water Level Fluctuations on the Performance of Near-Bank Managed Aquifer Recharge from Injection Wells." Water 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2021): 3013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13213013.

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Managed aquifer recharge operations are often conducted in near-bank areas to regulate water resources or reduce seawater intrusion. Yet little is known about the influence of surface water level fluctuations at different temporal scales on MAR performance. A generalized conceptual model was developed based on an investigation site in Western China as a basis to simulate the response surface water level fluctuations on the water table, artificially recharged water lens (formed by the artificially recharged water), groundwater flow paths and average travel times (which is an important control on how quickly contaminants are flushed out of aquifers), and the discharge of the artificially recharged aquifer during the surface water level fluctuation. The results showed a fluctuating groundwater table in the artificially recharged near-bank aquifer under the influence of surface water level fluctuations. The peak values of the increment of the groundwater table induced by artificial recharge decreased with the increase of the period and amplitude of surface water level fluctuation, but the trough values of the increment of water table increases with that. The penetration depth of surface water into the aquifer with a fluctuating surface water level leads to a decreasing increment of the groundwater table which follows a power law. The fluctuating surface water level leads to dynamic changes of artificially recharged water lens morphology and a thinner artificially recharged water lens. A mixing zone of recharged water and ambient water could be found in the artificially recharged near-bank area, which is expected to lead to modifications in the geochemical conditions in the artificially recharged near-bank aquifer. A longer period of surface water level fluctuation leads to a longer average travel time, but the larger penetration depth of surface water and amplitude lead to a shorter average travel time. The peak discharge of the near-bank aquifer was found to decrease with the period of surface water level fluctuation, but it increases with penetration depth and amplitude. This study is important in providing insights into the performance of near-bank managed aquifer recharge with respect to surface water level fluctuation.
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Koga, Y. "Fluctuations in aqueous methanol, ethanol, and propan-1-ol: amplitude and wavelength of fluctuation." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 12 (December 5, 1999): 2039–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-213.

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Density, heat capacity, and isentropic compressibility data for aqueous methanol, ethanol, and propan-1-ol by Benson's group were used to evaluate two kinds of fluctuations; mean-square fluctuation densities; and (mean-square) normalized fluctuations, respectively, in volume, entropy, and cross (entropy/volume) effect. The mean-square fluctuation densitiesprovide measures for the amplitude (intensity) of the fluctuation, while the normalized fluctuations contain information regarding the wavelength (extensity) of the fluctuation. Furthermore, their composition derivatives, the partial molar fluctuationsof alcohols were calculated. These quantities signify the effect of additional solute on the respective fluctuations. These data were interpreted in terms of mixing schemes learned earlier in this laboratory by using the data of excess partial molar enthalpy, entropy, and volume, and the respective alcohol-alcohol interaction functions, i.e., the composition derivatives of partial molar quantities. Key words: aqueous methanol, ethanol, and propan-1-ol;fluctuation density; normalized fluctuation; partial molar fluctuations of alcohol.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fluctuation"

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Ploetz, Elizabeth Anne. "Fluctuation solution theory." Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18390.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Chemistry
Paul E. Smith
The Kirkwood-Buff (KB) theory of solutions, published in 1951, established a route from integrals over radial (pair) distribution functions (RDFs) in the grand canonical ensemble to a set of thermodynamic quantities in an equivalent closed ensemble. These “KB integrals” (KBIs) can also be expressed in terms of the particle-particle (i.e., concentration or density) fluctuations within grand canonical ensemble regions. Contributions by Ben-Naim in 1977 provided the means to obtain the KBIs if one already knew the set of thermodynamic quantities for the mixture of interest; that is, he provided the inversion procedure. Thus, KB theory provides a two-way bridge between local (microscopic) and global (bulk/thermodynamic) properties. Due to its lack of approximations, its wide ranging applicability, and the absence of a competitive theory for rigorously understanding liquid mixtures, it has been used to understand solution microheterogeneity, solute solubility, cosolvent effects on biomolecules, preferential solvation, etc. Here, after using KB theory to test the accuracy of pair potentials, we present and illustrate two extensions of the theory, resulting in a general Fluctuation Solution Theory (FST). First, we generalize KB theory to include two-way relationships between the grand canonical ensemble’s particle-energy and energy-energy fluctuations and additional thermodynamic quantities. This extension allows for non-isothermal conditions to be considered, unlike traditional KB theory. We illustrate these new relationships using analyses of experimental data and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for pure liquids and binary mixtures. Furthermore, we use it to obtain conformation-specific infinitely dilute partial molar volumes and compressibilities for proteins (other properties will follow) from MD simulations and compare the method to a non-FST method for obtaining the same properties. The second extension of KB theory involves moving beyond doublet particle fluctuations to additionally consider triplet and quadruplet particle fluctuations, which are related to derivatives of the thermodynamic properties involved in regular KB theory. We present these higher order fluctuations obtained from experiment and simulation for pure liquids and binary mixtures. Using the newfound experimental third and fourth cumulants of the distribution of particles in solution, which can be extracted from bulk thermodynamic data using this extension, we also probe particle distributions’ non-Gaussian nature.
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Garrity, Patrick Louis. "Nanoscale Thermal Fluctuation Spectroscopy." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2009. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/912.

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The utilization of thermal fluctuations or Johnson/Nyquist noise as a spectroscopic method to determine transport properties in conductors or semiconductors is developed in this paper. The autocorrelation function is obtained from power spectral density measurements thus enabling electronic transport property calculation through the Green-Kubo formalism. This experimental approach is distinct from traditional numerical methods such as molecular dynamics simulations, which have been used to extract the autocorrelation function and directly related physics only. This work reports multi-transport property measurements consisting of the electronic relaxation time, resistivity, mobility, diffusion coefficient, electronic contribution to thermal conductivity and Lorenz number from experimental data. Double validation of the experiment was accomplished through the use of a standard reference material and a standard measurement method, i.e. four-probe collinear resistivity technique. The advantages to this new experimental technique include the elimination of any required thermal or potential gradients, multi-transport property measurements within one experiment, very low error and the ability to apply controlled boundary conditions while gathering data. This research has experimentally assessed the gas pressure and flow effects of helium and argon on 30 nm Au and Cu thin films. The results show a reduction in Au and Cu electronic thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity when subjected to helium and argon pressure and flow. The perturbed electronic transport coefficients, attributed to increased electron scattering at the surface, were so dominant that further data was collected through straight-forward resistance measurements. The resistance data confirmed the thermal noise measurements thus lending considerable evidence to the presence of thin film surface scattering due to elastic and inelastic gas particle scattering effects with the electron ensemble.
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Ridgway, Douglas Thacher. "Fluctuation-controlled front propagation /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9820864.

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Sibanic, Sofia. "Mains Frequency Fluctuation Metering." Thesis, Sibanic, Sofia (2013) Mains Frequency Fluctuation Metering. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2013. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/21903/.

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Detecting the frequency of the mains supply is a crucial component of maintaining the grid frequency at its nominal level. Most frequency counters enable the user to monitor frequencies but monitoring frequency variations at a high resolution is often expensive. Electronic systems that measure frequency also have to generate a local time base to calculate the frequency upon. All time bases suffer from the effect of frequency jitter, which makes the timing source deviate from the nominal second by a quantified amount. Modern systems have improved drastically and have relatively insignificant jitter for most timing applications, but high-precision applications require a quantification of this source of timing error. The purpose of this thesis is to document the background, implementation, testing, results and identified future improvements for a frequency meter that can record minor fluctuations of the grid frequency. By achieving this objective, the grid supply and demand data can be logged and used for several applications, such as network forecasting or maintaining nominal grid frequency. An extensive research period was required to determine key design facets pertaining to the frequency meter. Key identified tasks included choosing a timing source, finding a suitable software development platform and associated hardware, developing a graphical software implementation that displays real-time frequency fluctuations, contingency alarming for nominal frequency deviation events, communications design between the frequency meter and the PC, quantifying clock precision and evaluating the performance of the final frequency meter. A GPS time source was chosen to provide an accurate source of 1 second pulses. An Arduino Due microcontroller used a KX-7 quartz crystal oscillator to maintain its time base and the accuracy of the KX-7’s time base was analysed against the Trimble Copernicus II and GlobalSat EM406-A GPS receivers’ time base. When analysed relative to the GPS receivers’ accurate time base, the KX-7 maintained a low time base variation, well within it’s data sheet specifications. The Arduino Due microcontroller was programmed and provided relevant frequency data to a LabVIEW PC terminal, which allowed frequency visualisation, data storage, grid frequency contingency detection, recovery time logging, GPS initialisation data and cross-platform communication protocols. Frequency data was logged on the frequency meter and was able to provide a microHertz resolution. The primary limitation of the design was low-level noise on the mains supply line as this affected the designed electronics when logging frequency measurements below the milliHertz range. Multiple recommendations for future work have been identified and included in this report.
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Joubaud, Sylvain. "Fluctuations dans les systèmes hors équilibre." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSL0463.

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Les travaux décrits dans cette thèse apportent une contribution à la physique statistique des fluctuations de systèmes portés hors de leur état d'équilibre. Les résultats ont été obtenus sur deux systèmes expérimentaux. Le premier système est un oscillateur harmonique fluctuant sous l'effet de l'agitation thermique. Ce système est porté par un forçage externe dans deux types d'états hors d'équilibre : un état transitoire et un état stationnaire. Nous mesurons dans ce système modèle les fluctuation du travail injecté, de la chaleur dissipée et de la production d'entropie totale. L'étude statistique de ces fluctuations est réalisée dans le contexte des Théorèmes de Fluctuation. Par comparaison des résultats expérimentaux et d'un modèle théorique simple, nous donnons une interprétation physique des différents résultats obtenus. La seconde partie est consacrée à l'etude de la transition de Fréedericksz dans les cristaux liquides. Cette transition est équivalente à une transition de phase du deuxième ordre. Nous proposons une méthode de mesure du paramètre d'ordre de la transition ayant une excellente résolution jusqu'à des fréquences de l'ordre du millihertz. Nous étudions la statistique des fluctuations d'équilibre lorsque le paramètre de contrôle est proche dela valeur critique. La distribution est comparée avec la distribution Gumbel Généralisée et le paramètere de ce modèle est interprété comme un nombre de degrés de liberté effectifs. Ce système est finalement étudié hors d'équilibre lors d'une trempe au point critique accompagné d'un phénomène de vieillissement
The results reported in this thesis contribute to the understanding of the fluctuations of out of equilibrium systems. They havve been obtained in two experimental systems. The first system is a harmonic oscillator fluctuating because of the thermal noise. This system is driven out of equilibrium by an external forcing. Two case are sudied : the transient state and the steady state. We measure in this model system work fluctuations, heat fluctuations and total entropy fluctuations. These fluctuationsare studied within the context of Fluctuation Theorem. The results are interpreted by comparing the experimental results with a simple theoretical model. The second part is dedicated to the study of the Fréedericks transition in a nematic liquid crystal which is a second order phase transition. Our experimental setup for the measurment of the order parameter has a very good resolution at low frequency; of the order of millihertz. We study the statiticsof the equillibrium fluctuations when the control parameter is close to its critical value. The distribution is copared to a Generalized Gumbel distribution and the parmeter of this modeling is related to the effective number of degrees of freedom. We finally study this system out of equilibrium. We show that after a quench at the critical point the system present aging properties. Preliminary results are presented
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Andersson, Andreas. "Phase fluctuation phenomena in superconductors." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Statistisk fysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-95464.

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Wood, Andrew James. "Fluctuation effects at filling transitions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269975.

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Li, Shengcai. "Cavitation associated low-frequency fluctuation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1990. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/108599/.

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This self-guided thesis presents the research results of the Cavitation Associated Low-frequency Fluctuation, i. e. one part of the long-term research project on Statistical Characteristics of Cavitation Bubble Collapse Pulses. Associated Low-frequency Fluctuations and Flow Noise which was initiated and carried out by the author in USA. China and UK successively over last 9 years. The background and the objectives of the long-term project is introduced in the thesis through a broad review of the development of the cavitation research in the fields relevant to the project. Then, the observed phenomenon of Cavitation Associated Low-frequency Fluctuation in the venturi cavitating flow of the University of Michigan ( USA ) is explained in detail. A one-dimensional linear physical model based on the theorem of the interaction between the cavitation cloud of the homogeneous liquid-vapour/gas mixture and the surrounding liquid portion in the flow system is proposed to describe the mechanism of the phenomenon. The appearance of this low-frequency fluctuation is an association nature of the cavitating flow, which could be regarded as an alternatively indirect indicator of cavitation inception especially in such sort of cavitating flow systems. When the natural frequencies for both the cavitation cloud and the surrounding liquid portion coincide, the low- frequency pressure fluctuation component reaches its maximum, which is defined as Cavitation Resonance. A numerical verification of the frequency response characteristics, using the hydraulic impedance approach, of this venturi system is presented as well. The knowledge of the cavitation associated low-frequency fluctuation acquired from the study of the venturi cavitating flow has been used to analyze the phenomenon of the pressure fluctuations associated with the cavitating flows in the hydraulic machinery systems such as the HL-160-25 ( Francis ) Hydraulic Turbine System (draft-tube cavitating flow). The results are also briefly presented.
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Yao, Jianfeng. "Estimation et fluctuations de fonctionnelles de grandes matrices aléatoires." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0080/document.

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L’objectif principal de la thèse est : l’étude des fluctuations de fonctionnelles du spectre de grandes matrices aléatoires, la construction d’estimateurs consistants et l’étude de leurs performances, dans la situation où la dimension des observations est du même ordre que le nombre des observations disponibles. Il y aura deux grandes parties dans cette thèse. La première concerne la contribution méthodologique. Nous ferons l’étude des fluctuations pour les statistiques linéaires des valeurs propres du modèle ’information-plus-bruit’ pour des fonctionnelles analytiques, et étendrons ces résultats au cas des fonctionnelles non analytiques. Le procédé d’extension est fondé sur des méthodes d’interpolation avec des quantités gaussiennes. Ce procédé est appliqué aux grandes matrices de covariance empirique. L’autre grande partie sera consacrée à l’estimation des valeurs propres de la vraie covariance à partir d’une matrice de covariance empirique en grande dimension et l’étude de son comportement. Nous proposons un nouvel estimateur consistant et étudions ces fluctuations. En communications sans fil, cette procédure permet à un réseau secondaire d’établir la présence de ressources spectrales disponibles
The principal objective of this thesis is : the study of the fluctuations of functionals of spectrum for large random matrices, the construction of consistent estimators and the study of their performances, in the situation where the dimension of observations is with the same order as the number of the available observations. There will be two parts in the report : the methodological contribution and the estimation in large-dimensional data. As to the methodological contribution, we will study the fluctuations for spectral linear statistics of the model ’information-plus-noise’ for analytic functionals, and the extension for non-analytic functionals. The extension is based on the interpolation between random variables and Gaussian terms. This method can be applied to empirical covariance matrices. Another part consists in the estimation of the eigenvalues of the real covariance from the empirical covariance for high dimensional data and the study of its performance. We propose a new consistent estimator and the fluctuation of the estimator will be studied . In wireless communications, this procedure permits a secondary network to ensure the presence of the available spectral resources
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Stroh, Rüediger Joachim. "Fluctuation phenomena in mesoscopic silicon devices." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358804.

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Books on the topic "Fluctuation"

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Bartolf, Holger. Fluctuation Mechanisms in Superconductors. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12246-1.

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Enrico, Matteoli, and Mansoori G. A, eds. Fluctuation theory of mixtures. New York: Taylor & Francis, 1990.

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Yazawa, Toru. Modified detrended fluctuation analysis (mDFA). New York, NY: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015.

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Wagner, D., W. Brauneck, and A. Solontsov, eds. Itinerant Electron Magnetism: Fluctuation Effects. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5080-4.

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Picard, Jean, ed. Fluctuation Theory for Lévy Processes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48511-7.

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Tamura, Hideaki. Human Psychology and Economic Fluctuation. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230505636.

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Kanazawa, Kiyoshi. Statistical Mechanics for Athermal Fluctuation. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6332-9.

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Dębicki, Krzysztof, and Michel Mandjes. Queues and Lévy Fluctuation Theory. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20693-6.

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Gleiser, Marcelo. Fluctuation driven electroweak phase transition. Batavia, IL: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, 1991.

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Brenig, Léon, Nikolai Brilliantov, and Mustapha Tlidi, eds. Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics and Fluctuation Kinetics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04458-8.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fluctuation"

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Tanaka-Ishii, Kumiko. "Fluctuation." In Mathematics in Mind, 89–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59377-3_9.

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Jacobs, Konrad. "Fluctuation Theory." In Discrete Stochastics, 185–218. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8645-1_8.

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Feng, Shui. "Fluctuation Theorems." In Probability and its Applications, 127–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11194-5_7.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Cyclical Fluctuation." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 980. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_15212.

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Sultan, Marla B., and Paul P. Lee. "IOP: Fluctuation." In Pearls of Glaucoma Management, 105–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68240-0_13.

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Zwicker, Eberhard, and Hugo Fastl. "Fluctuation Strength." In Psychoacoustics, 247–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09562-1_10.

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Fastl, Hugo, and Eberhard Zwicker. "Fluctuation Strength." In Psychoacoustics, 247–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68888-4_10.

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Jou, David, José Casas-Vázquez, and Georgy Lebon. "Fluctuation Theory." In Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics, 95–112. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97430-4_4.

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Jou, David, José Casas-Vázquez, and Georgy Lebon. "Fluctuation Theory." In Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics, 111–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97671-1_4.

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Sultan, Marla B., and Paul P. Lee. "IOP: Fluctuation." In Pearls of Glaucoma Management, 121–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49042-6_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fluctuation"

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Molebny, Vasyl V. "Image synthesis from fluctuations: fluctuation vision." In SPIE's 1993 International Symposium on Optics, Imaging, and Instrumentation, edited by Paul S. Idell. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.162022.

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Lu, T., W. Y. Zhu, and K. S. Wang. "Large-Eddy Simulation for Temperature Fluctuation of Mixing Hot and Cold Fluids in a Tee Junction." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22798.

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In the present work the temperature fluctuations in a mixing tee were simulated on FLUENT platform using the Large-eddy simulation (LES) turbulent flow model with the sub-grid scale (SGS) model of Smagorinsky-Lilly (SL). The temperature and velocity fields, the normalized mean and fluctuating temperatures and velocities were predicted and analyzed with consideration of buoyancy. The normalized mean and fluctuating temperatures were defined to describe the time-averaged temperature and the time-averaged temperature fluctuation intensity. The numerical results of the normalized mean and fluctuating temperatures were compared with those of the experimental ones published in previous literature, which shows that numerical results have good agreement with the experimental data. The temperature fluctuations and power spectrum densities (PSD) at the locations having the strongest temperature fluctuations both in tee junction and on the walls were analyzed to evaluate the potential of thermal fatigue. The LES flow simulation and power spectral analysis are helpful for the Integrity evaluation of the structures such as the tee junction, elbow, piping system to predict the temperature fluctuation and thermal stripping in a tee junction of mixing hot and cold fluids.
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Zhang, Lu, Peng Wu, and DaZhuan Wu. "Analyses of Pressure Fluctuation and Fluctuation Reduction of an Automobile Fuel Pump." In ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2016-7820.

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The automobile fuel pump studied in this paper is a mini regenerative pump consisting of a casing with an axial channel and an impeller with 33 radial blades. In this study, the pressure fluctuation characteristics of the regenerative pump were analyzed with the method of unsteady CFD analysis. To investigate the pressure fluctuation, the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS) were solved with realizable k-ε turbulence model using the CFD code FLUENT. To study the effect of arc length of stripper on the pressure fluctuation, the pressure fluctuations at several locations of pumps with strippers of different arc length were analyzed in time and frequency domain. The static pressure contours at different times were presented to reveal the generating mechanism of pressure fluctuation of the regenerative pump. For the purpose of pressure fluctuation reduction, a random modulation of blade spacing method was applied to design a new impeller with uneven spaced blades. The pressure fluctuations of four different pump units of the combination of different blade distribution impellers with casings of different arc length of stripper were studied and discussed. The pressure fluctuation of the pump unit of combination of random blade distribution impeller and large arc length stripper is significantly reduced. In this paper, the generating mechanism of pressure fluctuation for regenerative pump is uncovered, and a good solution to the fundamental pressure fluctuation reduction of regenerative pump is put forward.
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Yufeng Guo, Qi Wang, and Jilai Yu. "Assessment of voltage fluctuations based on wind power fluctuation characteristics." In 8th Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG 2019). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2019.0402.

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Boas, David A., L. E. Campbell, and Arjun G. Yodh. "Fluctuation imaging." In Photonics West '95, edited by Britton Chance and Robert R. Alfano. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.209970.

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Wen, Shuli, Tianyang Zhao, Yu Wang, Yi Tang, Yan Xu, and Pengfei Li. "A Deep Learning Method for Power Fluctuation Identification from Frequency Fluctuations." In 2019 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm40551.2019.8973526.

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Verley, G., and D. Lacoste. "Fluctuation relations and fluctuation-response relations for molecular motors." In NONEQUILIBRIUM STATISTICAL PHYSICS TODAY: Proceedings of the 11th Granada Seminar on Computational and Statistical Physics. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3569518.

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Prior, Yehiam, and Peter Stern. "Fluctuation-induced resonances." In International Laser Science Conference. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ils.1986.we1.

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Recently1 a detailed analysis was given for the role played by laser phase fluctuations in NL optics. In that work, the existence of new extra resonances induced by stochastic fluctuations was predicted, based on a derivation starting from the phase diffusion model. In this work we present the results of numerical simulations of laser phase fluctuations. The optical Bloch equations are solved numerically for a phase fluctuating laser. A model of a piecewise constant phase jumping at random between all values is treated, and other models are discussed. Molecular collisions are simulated and compared to phase fluctuations. The collisions give rise to the pressure-induced extra resonance (PIER4), while the phase jumps give rise to stochastic fluctuations-induced extra resonance (SFIER). These simulations show clearly that phase fluctuations may be analogous to real collisions and may cause extra resonances, and indeed, the SFIER4 resonance has recently been observed experimentally.2
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Dai, Cui, Fan-Yu Kong, and Liang Dong. "Numerical Analysis of Pressure Fluctuation in Circulating Water Pump Using CFD." In ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2012-72130.

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Pressure fluctuations acting on centrifugal pump contain a lot of dynamic information, such as rotor-stator interaction, vortex, backflow, and so on. By CFD method, calculations of three-dimensional unsteady flow in the suction chamber, impeller, annular chamber, inlet and outlet were conducted with sliding mesh technology. For the simulation of inner flow field, a commercial code Fluent had been used to predict the pulsating pressures. The shear stress transport turbulence model (SST k-ω) was confirmed through comparison with the hydraulic performance experiment. The change of static pressure was recorded by means of virtual sensors placed at the impeller-annular chamber interface and the tongue. And the pulsating pressures in the impeller passage were recorded to reflect its flow state. Then, amplitude domain analysis and frequency domain analysis were conducted to process those fluctuating pressure signals obtained under different opening conditions. The results indicate that the effect of rotor-stator interaction and vortexes to pressure fluctuations in flow field is obvious. The pressure fluctuation around impeller-chamber interface and tongue is affected by the interaction between blade and tongue definitely, and the various positions of the blade relative to the tongue lead to different trends of variation of pressure distribution. The primary source of pressure fluctuation in the impeller passage is associated with vortexes.
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Kinderis, Marius, Marija Bezbradica, and Martin Crane. "Bitcoin Currency Fluctuation." In 3rd International Conference on Complexity, Future Information Systems and Risk. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006794000310041.

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Reports on the topic "Fluctuation"

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Saldin, PI: D. K., and Co-I's: J. C. H. Spence and P. Fromme. Fluctuation X-Ray Scattering. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1060726.

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Xie, Yazdanfar, and Given. PR-261-103605-R01 Investigation on the Dormancy of Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) Cracks. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010178.

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The objectives of this research were to investigate SCC dormancy and re-activation behavior in term of 1) effect of low frequency (= 10-5 Hz) and cyclic stress typical of pressure fluctuation (R = 0.8) and 2) the inhibitive effect of organics on the growth rate of SCC cracks. The project tasks included 1) Summary of literature on the dormancy of SCC cracks; 2) Literature results of near neutral pH SCC of X65 steels; 3) Upgrade and calibration of potential drop technique; 4) Crack growth rate measurements under steady cycle fluctuation of loading; 5) Crack growth rate measurements under fluctuating loading conditions; 6) Effect of organics. The dormancy of near neutral pH SCC has been investigated using potential - drop technique to measure crack growth rates under constant cyclic loading and fluctuating loading conditions.
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Shen, W., and S. C. Prager. The fluctuation induced Hall effect. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10138431.

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Shen, W., and S. C. Prager. The fluctuation induced Hall effect. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6700826.

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Schwartz, Ira B., and Lora Billings. Fluctuation Induced Almost Invariant Sets. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada460565.

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Deffner, Sebastian. Quantum fluctuation theorems in open systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1209322.

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Krommes, J. A., W. W. Lee, and C. Oberman. Equilibrium fluctuation energy of gyrokinetic plasma. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6295182.

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Jon M Lawrence. Inelastic neutron scattering in valence fluctuation compounds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1005014.

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Fiksel, G., S. C. Prager, W. Shen, and M. Stoneking. Measurement of magnetic fluctuation induced energy transport. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10106706.

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T.S. Hahm, P.H. Diamond, and E.-J. Kim. Trapped Electron Precession Shear Induced Fluctuation Decorrelation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/808377.

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