Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fluid flow; Combustion; Heat transfer / Journal articles
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Journal articles on the topic 'Fluid flow; Combustion; Heat transfer'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Lalovic, Milisav, Zarko Radovic, and Nada Jaukovic. "Characteristics of heat flow in recuperative heat exchangers." Chemical Industry 59, no. 9-10 (2005): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0510270l.

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A simplified model of heat flow in cross-flow tube recuperative heat exchangers (recuperators) was presented in this paper. One of the purposes of this investigation was to analyze changes in the values of some parameters of heat transfer in recuperators during combustion air preheating. The logarithmic mean temperature (Atm) and overall heat transfer coefficient (U), are two basic parameters of heat flow, while the total heated area surface (A) is assumed to be constant. The results, presented as graphs and in the form of mathematical expressions, were obtained by analytical methods and using experimental data. The conditions of gaseous fuel combustions were defined by the heat value of gaseous fuel Qd = 9263.894 J.m-3, excess air ratio ?= 1.10, content of oxygen in combustion air ?(O2) = 26%Vol, the preheating temperature of combustion air (cold fluid outlet temperature) tco = 100-500?C, the inlet temperature of combustion products (hot fluid inlet temperature) thi = 600-1100?C.
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2

Lin, Chien-Nan, Cheng-Chi Wang, and Yi-Pin Kuo. "The heat and fluid flow analysis for water heater." Thermal Science 15, suppl. 1 (2011): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci11s1081l.

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In this paper, the heat transfer and fluid flow are studied for the water heater of RV cars, in which the hot water is heated by the combustion energy of liquefied petroleum gases. Three types of combustion tubes are performed in this investigation, which are circular tube, elliptic tube and elliptic tube with screwed wire inserted. The heat transfer performances of numerical simulation results are compared with those of the experimental works; they are in good trend agreement. The elliptic combustion tube performs better than the circular one, which indicates the average 7% energy saving for the elliptic combustion tube and 12% energy saving for the elliptic combustion tube with screwed wire under static heating.
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3

Robinson, K., J. G. Hawley, G. P. Hammond, and N. J. Owen. "Convective coolant heat transfer in internal combustion engines." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 217, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440700321700207.

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Simple heat transfer correlations are known to underpredict the single-phase convective heat transfer coefficient when applied to internal combustion (IC) engine cooling passages. The reasons for such underprediction were investigated using a specially designed test rig which was operated under a wide variety of test conditions relevant to IC engine operation. Data from this rig study identified that undeveloped flow (fluid dynamically and thermally), surface roughness and fluid viscosity variation with temperature were the physical reasons responsible for the mismatch. Simple empirical heat transfer models have subsequently been extended to take account of these factors and are shown to give much improved correlation with rig data, and data from an engine study. The implications of this work for predicting engine heat transfer in a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics environment are discussed.
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4

Pfeiffelmann, Björn, Michael Diederich, Fethi Gül, Ali Cemal Benim, Andreas Hamberger, and Markus Heese. "Analysis of combustion, heat and fluid flow in a biomass furnace." E3S Web of Conferences 128 (2019): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912803003.

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A waste wood burning boiler with 200kW thermal power is investigated by experiments and numerically. Temperature measurements are performed in the furnace and in the heat exchanger sectionsin the downstream. Exit exhaust gas composition is also measured. Flow, heat transfer and combustion in the furnace, and forced convection on the water side are numerically analyzed. The water side calculations are used to obtain boundary conditions for the furnace by heat transfer coefficients. For validating the adopted mathematical/numerical formulation, the predictions are compared with measurements.A satisfactory agreement between the predictions and measurements is observed, confirming the validity of the applied computational procedures.
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5

Wichangarm, Mana, Anirut Matthujak, Thanarath Sriveerakul, Sedthawatt Sucharitpwatskul, and Sutthisak Phongthanapanich. "Simulation Study of LPG Cooking Burner." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.7 (July 4, 2018): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.7.16257.

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The objective of this paper is to numerically study the flow feature and combustion phenomena of an energy-saving cooking burner using three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Combustion temperatures were experimentally and numerically investigated in order to not only validate the CFD model, but also describe the combustion phenomena. From the temperature comparison, the CFD model was good agreement with the experiment, having the error of less than 5.86%. Based upon the insight from the CFD model, the high temperature of 1,286 K occurred at the middle of the burner. The high intensive vortex of the flow being enhanced the combustion intensity and the heat transfer coefficient is obvious observed near the burner head inside the ring. Therefore, it is concluded that the burner ring is the major part since it controls flame structure, high temperature region, intensive combustion region, heat loss and suitable flow feature. However, heat transfer to the vessel should be further clarified by the CFD model.
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6

Gorla, R. S. R., and T. A. Bartrand. "Couette Flow Heat Loss Model for the Rotary Combustion Engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 210, no. 6 (November 1996): 587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1996_210_233_02.

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A novel model for predicting heat transfer in a rotary engine was formulated and implemented in a zero-dimensional engine performance model. Results were compared with a commonly used intermittent combustion engine heat transfer model and with results from a three-dimensional simulation of flow within a rotary engine. When squish effects associated with fluid motion within the chamber were included, the Couette flow model reproduced peak heat transfer rates and timing for the peak heat transfer rate was better than that of the commonly used heat transfer model. Previously, rotary engine performance models have employed flat plate type heat transfer correlations. These correlations, though useful, do not model the flow physics in the rotary engine faithfully. Rather than flow over a flat plate, flow in the rotary engine was approximated as turbulent Couette flow. The Couette model was altered to account for centre-line velocities higher than half the rotor speed. There are two advantages to using the Couette flow model. Firstly, as noted, the underlying physics of the Couette flow model is closer to conditions in the rotary engine. Secondly, with the Couette flow model it is possible to differentiate between the rotor and housing heat transfer coefficients.
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7

Trabelsi, Soraya, Wissem Lakhal, Ezeddine Sediki, and Mahmoud Moussa. "Nusselt number evaluation for combined radiative and convective heat transfer in flow of gaseous products from combustion." Thermal Science 17, no. 4 (2013): 1093–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci110531083t.

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Combined convection and radiation in simultaneously developing laminar flow and heat transfer is numerically considered with a discrete-direction method. Coupled heat transfer in absorbing emitting but not scattering gases is presented in some cases of practical situations such as combustion of natural gas, propane and heavy fuel. Numerical calculations are performed to evaluate the thermal radiation effects on heat transfer through combustion products flowing inside circular ducts. The radiative properties of the flowing gases are modeled by using the absorption distribution function (ADF) model. The fluid is a mixture of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and nitrogen. The flow and energy balance equations are solved simultaneously with temperature dependent fluid properties. The bulk mean temperature variations and Nusselt numbers are shown for a uniform inlet temperature. Total, radiative and convective mean Nusselt numbers and their axial evolution for different gas mixtures produced by combustion with oxygen are explored.
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8

Mat Noh, Nor Amelia Shafikah, Baljit Singh Bhathal Singh, Muhammad Fairuz Remeli, and Amandeep Oberoi. "Internal Combustion Engine Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery Using Thermoelectric Generator Heat Exchanger." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 82, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.82.2.1527.

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Heat engine converts chemical engine available in fuel to useful mechanical energy. One of the most famous heat engines is internal combustion (IC) engine. IC engine plays a pivotal role in transportation and other industrial applications. A lot of waste heat is rejected from a typical IC engine as the conversion efficiency of this type of engine is only about 35-40 %. The waste heat has the potential to be tapped and converted into useful energy. This can help to increase the performance of the IC engine system. This work focused on the conversion of the waste heat energy of the IC engine into electricity by using thermoelectric generator (TEG). The aim of the project was to demonstrate the applicability of TEG to convert waste heat from exhaust to useful electrical energy. Two TEGs were individually tested to attain the electrical characterization and also tested on series and parallel connections. The study showed that the series connection of TEGs has improved and increased voltage generation but parallel connection is more reliable. The system proved that the waste heat recovery using TEGs has tremendous application in IC engine for better and higher efficient engine performance.
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9

Miyama, Hiroshi, Hitoshi Kaji, Yasuo Hirose, and Norio Arai. "Heat transfer characteristics of a rotary regenerative combustion system (RRX)." Heat Transfer - Japanese Research 27, no. 8 (1998): 584–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6556(1998)27:8<584::aid-htj3>3.0.co;2-2.

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10

Meng, Hai Yu, Shu Zhong Wang, Lu Zhou, Zhi Qiang Wu, Jun Zhao, and Lin Chen. "Influence of Inlet Mass Flow Rate on Heat Transfer of Supercritical Liquefied Natural Gas in Horizontal Tubes." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.433.

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The submerged combustion vaporizer (SCV) is a new kind of vaporizer for liquefied natural gas (LNG). In this paper, a numerical study has been carried out to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of supercritical LNG in horizontal tubes. The thermo-physical properties of supercritical LNG were used for this study, and the influence of inlet LNG mass flow rate on heat transfer was investigated. Numerical results showed that the LNG flow in horizontal tubes included two stages. In the first stage, the surface heat transfer coefficients increased significantly with the increase of the fluid bulk temperature and reached a maximum value when the fluid bulk temperature equaled the pseudo-critical point . After the maximum, the surface heat transfer coefficients fell rapidly with the increase of the fluid bulk temperature. With increasing the inlet LNG mass flow rate, the surface heat transfer coefficients increased due to the increased fluid velocity in horizontal tubes.
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11

Li, Weixuan, Xiong Chen, Wenxiang Cai, and Omer Musa. "Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Sudden Expansion Ratio of Solid Fuel Ramjet Combustor with Swirling Turbulent Reacting Flow." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 10, 2019): 1784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091784.

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In this paper, the effect of sudden expansion ratio of solid fuel ramjet (SFRJ) combustor is numerically investigated with swirl flow. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code is written in FORTRAN to simulate the combustion and flow patterns in the combustion chamber. The connected-pipe facility is used to perform the experiment with swirl, and high-density Polyethylene (HDPE) is used as the solid fuel. The investigation is performed with different sudden expansion ratios, in which the port and inlet diameters are independently varied. The results indicated that the self-sustained combustion of the SFRJ occurs around the reattachment point at first, and then the heat released in reattachment point is used to achieve the self-sustained combustion in the redevelopment zone. The average regression rate is proportional to the sudden expansion ratio for the cases with a fixed port diameter, which is mainly dominated by the enhancement of heat transfer in backward-facing step. However, the average regression rate is inversely proportional to the sudden expansion ratio for the cases with fixed inlet diameter, which is influenced by the heat transfer mechanism of developed turbulent flow in the redevelopment zone.
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12

Harada, Yuji, Kenji Uchida, Tatsuya Tanaka, Kiyotaka Sato, Qianjin Zhu, Hidefumi Fujimoto, Hiroyuki Yamashita, and Mamoru Tanahashi. "Wall heat transfer of unsteady near-wall flow in internal combustion engines." International Journal of Engine Research 20, no. 7 (June 10, 2019): 817–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087419853432.

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Although the near-wall turbulence is not fully developed in the engine combustion chamber, wall heat transfer models based on flow characteristics in fully developed near-wall turbulence are typically employed in engine simulations to predict heat transfer. Only few studies reported the wall heat transfer mechanism in near-wall flow where the near-wall turbulence was not fully developed as expected in the engine combustion chamber. In this study, the velocity distribution and wall heat flux in such a near-wall flow were evaluated using a rapid compression and expansion machine. In addition to the experimental approach, a numerical simulation with highly resolved calculation mesh was applied in various flow fields expected in the engine combustion chamber. As a result, the turbulent Reynolds number that represents the relationship between turbulent production and dissipation varied in the wall boundary layer according to the near-wall flow condition. This behavior affects the wall heat transfer. Considering this finding, a new model was formulated by introducing a ratio of turbulent Reynolds number in an intended near-wall flow to that in fully developed near-wall turbulence. It was confirmed that the proposed model could improve the prediction accuracy of wall heat flux even in near-wall flow where the near-wall turbulence was not fully developed. By applying the proposed model in engine computational fluid dynamics, it was found that the proposed model could predict the wall heat flux in a homogeneous charge compression ignition gasoline engine with acceptable accuracy.
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13

Qian, Xuejun, Seong W. Lee, and Yulai Yang. "Heat Transfer Coefficient Estimation and Performance Evaluation of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Using Flue Gas." Processes 9, no. 6 (May 26, 2021): 939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9060939.

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In the past few decades, water and air were commonly used as working fluid to evaluate shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) performance. This study was undertaken to estimate heat transfer coefficients and evaluate performance in the pilot-scale twisted tube-based STHE using the flue gas from biomass co-combustion as working fluid. Theoretical calculation along with experimental results were used to calculate the specific heat of flue gas. A simplified model was then developed from the integration of two heat transfer methods to predict the overall heat transfer coefficient without tedious calculation of individual heat transfer coefficients and fouling factors. Performance including water and trailer temperature, heat load, effectiveness, and overall heat transfer coefficient were jointly investigated under variable operating conditions. Results indicated that the specific heat of flue gas from co-combustion ranging between 1.044 and 1.338 kJ/kg·K while specific heat was increased by increasing flue gas temperature and decreasing excess air ratio. The developed mathematical model was validated to have relatively small errors to predict the overall heat transfer coefficient. A flue gas mass flow rate of 61.3–98.8 kg/h, a water flow rate of 13.7–14.1 L/min, and a parallel arrangement of two water-to-air heaters in an empty trailer were found to be optimal conditions for space heating purpose. In addition, a lower poultry litter feeding rate decreased heat loss of flue gas and increased heat gain of water, while a lower water flow rate also provided a lower maximum possible heat transfer rate with a higher actual heat transfer rate to quickly achieve heat equilibrium that ultimately improves the performance. This study demonstrates the possibility of collecting residual heat from the flue gas using the pilot-scale STHE system while outlining a systematic approach and process for evaluating its performance.
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14

Azlin Zakaria, Irnie, Wan Ahmad Najmi Wan Mohamed, and Wan Azmi Wan Hamzah. "Numerical Analysis of SiO2 Nanofluid Performance in Serpentine PEMFC Cooling Plate." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.26 (November 30, 2018): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.26.22159.

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is among the potential substitute to current conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) in the automotive sector due to its efficient conversion efficiency and environmental friendly. However, thermal management issues in PEMFC needs to be addressed as excessive heat in PEMFC can deteriorate its performance as well as causing dehydration to the membrane. In this study, an advanced coolant of SiO2 nanofluids was numerically studied and effect in term of the heat transfer and fluid flow behavior in a single PEMFC cooling plate is investigated. The study simulated SiO2 nanofluids in a serpentine PEMFC cooling plate. The simulation is conducted at a low volume concentrations of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 % of SiO2 in water and water: Ethylene Glycol (W:EG) of 60:40 as base fluids. In this serpentine cooling plate design of PEMFC, a constant heat flux is applied to mimic the actual application of PEMFC. Upon completion of the study, heat transfer and fluid flow shows that the heat transfer coefficient of 0.5 vol. % of SiO2 nanofluids has improved by 3.5 % at Reynold (Re) number of 400 as compared to the base fluid of water with an acceptable pumping power increment.
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15

Simanjuntak, Janter Pangaduan, Samsudin Anis, Mochamad Syamsiro, Baharuddin, Eka Daryanto, and Bisrul Hapis Tambunan. "Thermal Energy Storage System from Household Wastes Combustion: System Design and Parameter Study." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 80, no. 2 (March 5, 2021): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.80.2.115126.

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The main problem related to thermal energy is that the thermal energy must be used directly and immediately as generated. For example, the thermal energy of solid waste combustion can be directly utilized for power generation. However, studied of thermal energy storage technology is still placed on the second opinion on waste to heat energy. The heat can be stored using a simple or mobilized system which can store thermal energy and can be brought to somewhere it is needed, for example on domestic heating or drying usage. This article studied and evaluated a micro thermal energy storage system from household waste combustion into a warm water that is great for washing clothes, dishes, shower, and other purposes of household needs. System considered was a simple manner and water is used as the heat energy storage medium. In this study, the equations for initial parameter calculation were presented theoretically based on thermodynamic principle. This paper is hopefully beneficial to the researchers and engineers for preliminary design and development of a heat storage systems technology.
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16

Wardhani, Veronica Indriati Sri. "PREDIKSI KARAKTERISTIK TERMOFLUIDA PROSES PERPINDAHAN PANAS DI DALAM RUANG BAKAR INCINERATOR." Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Nuklir Indonesia 16, no. 1 (February 5, 2015): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jstni.2015.16.1.2356.

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ABSTRAK PREDIKSI KARAKTERISTIK TERMOFLUIDA PROSES PERPINDAHAN PANAS DI DALAM RUANG BAKAR INCINERATOR. Penanganan limbah padat dengan proses pembakaran merupakan salah satu cara yang efektif sampai saat ini, instalasi incinerator masih menjadi perlatan pilihan yang dipergunakan untuk proses pembakaran. Namun penggunaan incinerator sebagai alat pembakaran sampah harus direncanakan dengan baik, karena efek yang dihasilkan adalah produk-produk destruktif yang justru bernilai negatif terhadap lingkungan. Mengingat proses pembakaran yang sangat kompleks di dalam incinerator, maka dilakukan simulasi dengan membuat suatu pemodelan menggunakan perangkat lunak compu-tational fluid dinamics (Fluent). Simulasi ini bertujuan untuk melihat karakteristik termo fluida yang terjadi di dalam ruang bakar incinerator meliputi variabel-variabel antara lain distribusi temperatur, sifat-sifat fisik fluida dan jenis aliran ( laminer atau turbulen ). Variabel-variabel tersebut akan mempengaruhi harga koefisien perpindahan panas konveksi (h). Perhitungan karakteristik termofluida yang meliputi panas yang mengalir (Q) dan koefisien perpindahan panas (h) pada tiga (3) titik pengukuran arah aksial diperoleh hasil koefisien perpindahan panas konveksi di ruang bagian dalam lebih besar 10 kali dari koefisien perpindahan panas konveksi di ruang bagian luar antara bata dalam dan bata luar. ABSTRACT THERMOFLUID characteristic prediction oF heat transfeR in the combustion chamber of incinerator. Handling of solid waste with the combustion process by installing the incinerator, is one effective way at present. However, the use of incinerators as a means of burning waste should be well planned, because of the resulted destructive products that have a negative impact to the environment. Considering the complexity process of combustion in the incinerator, the process simulation is done by using Computational fluid Dynamics software (Fluent). This simulation is proposed to obtain thermofluid characteristics such as variable temperature distribution, physical properties of the fluid and flow pattern (laminer or turbulent). These variables will affect the convection heat transfer coefficient (h). The Calculation characteristics of termofluida such as heat flow (Q) and coefficient heat transfer (h) on three (3) points in axial direction obtained the coefficient heat transfer convection inner space is greater 10 times than the coefficient heat transfer convection outer space between the inner brick and the outer brick.
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17

Luo, Xuwei, Xiaochun Zeng, Pingping Zou, Yuxing Lin, Tao Wei, Xiaojun Yuan, and Shanbin Liao. "A finite element analysis-computational fluid dynamics coupled analysis on thermal-mechanical fatigue of cylinder head of a turbo-charged diesel engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 6 (December 6, 2019): 1634–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019890481.

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A finite element analysis-computational fluid dynamics coupled analysis on the thermo-mechanical fatigue of cylinder head of a turbo-charged diesel engine was performed, and the complete simulation process is illustrated in this paper. In-cylinder combustion analysis and water jacket coolant flow analysis were conducted to provide heat transfer boundary conditions to the temperature field calculation of the cylinder head. Comparing with the conventional finite element analysis of cylinder head by which the heat transfer boundary conditions of the combustion and coolant sides are estimated, the present method coupled the three-dimensional combustion computational fluid dynamics and coolant computational fluid dynamics with the finite element analysis. Both computational fluid dynamics and finite element analysis obtain more accurate boundary conditions on their interface from each other, and thus, the present method improves accuracy of thermo-mechanical fatigue prediction. Based on the measured material performance parameters such as stress–strain curve under different temperatures and E–N curve, creep, and oxidation data material performance, the cylinder head–gasket–cylinder block finite element transient stress–strain field was calculated using ABAQUS. The thermo-mechanical fatigue analysis of cylinder head submodel was performed by using FEMFAT software that is based on the Sehitoglu model to predict the thermo-mechanical fatigue life of cylinder head. By comparing the measured and predicted temperatures of cylinder head, the temperature results showed a good agreement, and the error is less than 10%.
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18

Banerjee, Abhik, Amit Rai, Bikash Mohanty, and Varun. "Simulation of Combustion Space Heat Transfer of Glass Melting Furnace." Heat Transfer-Asian Research 46, no. 6 (June 21, 2016): 569–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/htj.21231.

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19

Kocheril, Rajesh, and Jacob Elias. "CFD simulation for evaluation of optimum heat transfer rate in a heat exchanger of an internal combustion engine." International Journal for Simulation and Multidisciplinary Design Optimization 11 (2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/smdo/2019017.

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Heat exchanger is an essential component of an engine cooling system. Radiators are compact heat exchangers used to transfer the heat absorbed from engine to the cooling media. The jacket cooling water gets cooled and re-circulated into system after exchanging the heat with cooling water in a heat exchanger. Conventional fluids like water, oil, ethylene glycol, etc. possess less heat transfer performance; therefore, it is essential to have a compact and effective heat transfer system to obtain the required heat transfer. A reduction in energy consumption is possible by improving the performance of heat exchanging systems and incorporating various heat transfer enhancement techniques. In this paper, the heat transfer rate using nano-sized ferrofluid with and without magnetization is analysed using CFD simulation and compared with the experimental values obtained from a heat exchanger using water as base fluid. The heat transfer rate is measured using different combinations by varying the percentage of nano particles and by introduction of different magnetic intensity (gauss) on to the ferrofluid. The optimum heat transfer rate and efficiency of heat exchanger is calculated with the different combinations and the values are compared with the values of CFD simulation. CFD simulation was undertaken for water alone as cooling media and for water with ferro particle addition from 2% to 5%. The difference in temperature observed to be similar with experimental values. The deviation is within the acceptable limit and therefore the experimental findings are validated. The experiment was conducted on a parallel flow heat exchanger with water alone as cooling media, water with varying percentage of ferro fluid and water with varying magnetic intensity on ferrofluid. Percentage of ferro particles added up to where the optimum temperature difference could be obtained and the magnetic intensity also varied up to the optimum value.
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Heywood, John B. "Fluid Motion Within the Cylinder of Internal Combustion Engines—The 1986 Freeman Scholar Lecture." Journal of Fluids Engineering 109, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 3–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3242612.

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The flow field within the cylinder of internal combustion engines is the most important factor controlling the combustion process. Thus it has a major impact on engine operation. This paper reviews those aspects of gas motion into, within, and out of the engine cylinder that govern the combustion characteristics and breathing capabilities of spark-ignition engines and compression-ignition or diesel engines. Necessary background information on reciprocating engine operating cycles, the primary effect of piston motion and the spark-ignition and diesel engine combustion processes is first summarized. Then the characteristics of flow through inlet and exhaust valves in four-stroke cycle engines, and through ports in the cylinder liner in two-stroke cycle engines are reviewed. These flows govern the airflow through the engine, and set up the in-cylinder flow that controls the subsequent combustion process. The essential features of common in-cylinder flows—the large scale rotating flows set up by the conical intake jet, the creation and development of swirl about the cylinder axis, the flows produced during compression due to combustion chamber shape called squish, flow during the combustion process, and two-stroke scavenging flows—are then described. The turbulence characteristics of these flows are then defined and discussed. Finally, flow phenomena which occur near the walls, which are important to heat transfer and hydrocarbon emissions phenomena, are reviewed. The primary emphasis is on developing insight regarding these important flow phemomena which occur within the cylinder. To this end, results from many different research techniques—experimental and computational, established and new—have been used as resources. It is the rapidly increasing convergence of engine flow information from these many sources that make this an exciting topic with promise of significant practical contributions.
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Nishiwaki, Kazuie, and Takafumi Kojima. "A flame-wall interaction model for combustion and heat transfer in S.I. engines." Heat Transfer - Japanese Research 27, no. 3 (1998): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6556(1998)27:3<205::aid-htj3>3.0.co;2-z.

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22

At Thabari, Jeri, Syailendra Supit, Wahyu Nirbito, Yuswan Muharam, and Yulianto Sulistyo Nugroho. "Modeling on the Effect of Heat Exchanger Submersion on Controlling Spontaneous Combustion in A Coal Pile." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 81, no. 1 (March 22, 2021): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.81.1.158164.

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Spontaneous combustion of coal has been well-known as a problem faced by coal industries, especially in storing and trans-shipping processes. The negative impacts of this phenomenon have led to several hazardous incidents and degrading product quality. Several methods have been researched to minimize the impacts; one of the proposed ways is immersing heat exchangers inside the coal stockpile. An experiment was conducted to analyze the cooling effect of an immersed simple heat exchanger made of a copper coil. By varying the number of windings, the experiment showed a significant decrease in pile temperature due to the immersed heat exchanger. This work continues exploring the possibility of applying the method by observing and analyzing the simulation model. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to model the physics phenomena that occur within the coal reactor. The effect of the heat exchanger surface area was studied from the model to observe the heat propagation within the coal reactor. The vast reach of heat propagation from the heat exchanger through the coal pile on the simulation was promisingly showing that this method was useful to limit the occurrence of spontaneous fire in coal piles.
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Akbarzadeh, Aidin, Faramarz Talati, and Amin Paykani. "EFFECT OF RADIATION HEAT TRANSFER ON HCCI MULTIZONE COMBUSTION." Heat Transfer Research 45, no. 1 (2014): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/heattransres.2013003322.

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24

Liou, Tong-Miin. "Some applications of experimental and numerical visualization in fluid flow, heat transfer, and combustion." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 25, no. 6 (December 2001): 359–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0894-1777(01)00095-4.

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Han, Chang-Liang, Jing-Jie Ren, Yan-Qing Wang, Wen-Ping Dong, and Ming-Shu Bi. "Experimental investigation on fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of a submerged combustion vaporizer." Applied Thermal Engineering 113 (February 2017): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.11.075.

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Veerabhadrappa, Kavadiki, K. N. Seetharamu, Chethan Kembhavi, Darshan Dayanand, Vinayakaraddy, and Rupanagudi Suresh Kumar. "Finite Element Analysis of Three-Fluid Heat Exchanger for Diesel Engine Exhaust Heat Recovery System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1607.

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In internal combustion engines, only a part of the fuel energy flow is transformed into power available at the crankshaft, while the most part of the fuel energy flow is lost as coolant, exhaust gases and other waste heat flows.The focus of this study is to evaluate the performance of three-fluid re-circulating type heat exchanger to recover energy from exhaust gas The cold fluid is re-circulated to enhance the recovery of heat from the exhaust gases. Finite element model of the heat exchanger is developed based on the detailed geometry and the specific working conditions and the effectiveness of the heat exchanger is computed. Non-Dimensional parameters are introduced which makes the analysis more versatile. The effectiveness is computed for different values of NTU, Heat capacity ratios, Overall heat transfer coefficient ratio between fluid channels and the inlet temperature.
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Wu, Angela, Seunghwan Keum, and Volker Sick. "Large Eddy Simulations with Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT) modeling of Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs)." Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 74 (2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2019029.

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In this study, the effects of the thermal boundary conditions at the engine walls on the predictions of Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) of a motored Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) were examined. Two thermal boundary condition cases were simulated. One case used a fixed, uniform wall temperature, which is typically used in conventional LES modeling of ICEs. The second case utilized a Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT) modeling approach to obtain temporally and spatially varying wall temperature. The CHT approach solves the coupled heat transfer problem between fluid and solid domains. The CHT case included the solid valves, piston, cylinder head, cylinder liner, valve seats, and spark plug geometries. The simulations were validated with measured bulk flow, near-wall flow, surface temperature, and surface heat flux. The LES quality of both simulations was also discussed. The CHT results show substantial spatial, temporal, and cyclic variability of the wall heat transfer. The surface temperature dynamics obtained from the CHT model compared well with measurements during the compression stroke, but the absolute magnitude was 5 K (or 1.4%) off and the prediction of the drop in temperature after top dead center suffered from temporal resolution limitations. Differences in the predicted flow and temperature fields between the uniform surface temperature and CHT simulations show the impact of the surface temperature on bulk behavior.
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Hu, Chaobin, and Xiaobing Zhang. "A Godunov type method determining boundary conditions to predict the transient heat transfer in an expanding combustion chamber." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 29, no. 12 (December 2, 2019): 4925–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-03-2019-0193.

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Purpose This paper aims to improve the reliability of numerical methods for predicting the transient heat transfers in combustion chambers heated internally by moving heat sources. Design/methodology/approach A two-phase fluid dynamic model was used to govern the non-uniformly distributed moving heat sources. A Riemann-problem-based numerical scheme was provided to update the fluid field and provide convective boundary conditions for the heat transfer. The heat conduction in the solids was investigated by using a thermo-mechanical coupled model to obtain a reliable expanding velocity of the heat sources. The coupling between the combustion and the heat transfer is realized based on user subroutines VDFLUX and VUAMP in the commercial software ABAQUS. Findings The capability of the numerical scheme in capturing discontinuities in initial conditions and source terms was validated by comparing the predicted results of commonly used verification cases with the corresponding analytical solutions. The coupled model and the numerical methods are capable of investigating heat transfer problems accompanied by extreme conditions such as transient effects, high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions. Originality/value The work provides a reliable numerical method to obtain boundary conditions for predicting the heat transfers in solids heated by expanding multiphase reactive flows.
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29

Mansouri, S. H., and Y. Bakhshan. "The k - ε turbulence modelling of heat transfer and combustion processes in a Texaco controlled combustion stratified charge engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 214, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440700021400204.

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In this investigation, a model has been developed to predict the performance of a Texaco controlled combustion stratified charge engine (TCCS). This model uses the k - ε turbulence model to determine characteristic velocities for heat transfer calculations, which has only one empirical constant, in contrast to Woschni's equation in which separate constants are used for each process in the four-stroke cycle to determine the velocity for use in Reynolds number calculation. The modified Keck and Blizard model is used for combustion calculation by considering the rapid compression effects on turbulence intensity. Comparison of the model predictions with available experimental data shows a good agreement. Moreover, the program has a high flexibility for parametric studies to calculate performance parameters such as thermal efficiency, pressure, specific fuel consumption, temperature, fluid flow into and out of the cylinder, friction losses, heat transfer, flow field in the cylinder and so on.
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30

Han, Chang-Liang, Jing-Jie Ren, Yan-Qing Wang, Wen-Ping Dong, and Ming-Shu Bi. "Numerical simulation of coupled fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in a submerged combustion vaporizer." Cryogenics 80 (December 2016): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2016.10.001.

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31

Hu, Xiaoyu, Yi Wang, Siyuan Li, Qiang Sun, Guoxiang Li, Shuzhan Bai, and Ke Sun. "Investigation on subcooled flow boiling heat transfer characteristics in ICE-like conditions." Open Physics 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2021-0052.

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Abstract The increasing demand of cooling in internal combustion engine (ICE) may require the shift of heat removal method from traditional single phase liquid convection to subcooled flow boiling in order to fulfill the desired functional temperature. Thus, the characteristics of subcooled flow boiling heat transfer should be studied exclusively considering the practical conditions in ICEs. Accordingly, in this article, subcooled flow boiling experiments were conducted in a rectangular channel using 50/50 volume mixture of ethylene glycol and water coolant (EG/W) as working fluid. Aluminum and cast iron surfaces were selected as the heated surfaces to simulate the material of cylinder head in gasoline and diesel engines, respectively. Experimental results showed a trend that the aluminum surface had a better performance than the cast iron surface in terms of heat transfer coefficient in the boiling region. The difference between these two surfaces was concluded as results of different surface thermophysical properties. A modified wall heat flux model was proposed based on the power-type addition method. The proposed model modified the nucleation boiling contribution by introducing a new parameter which accounts for the influence of thermophysical properties of heated surface on the boiling process. Thus, one such modified model could be useful for practical engine cooling applications.
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32

O'Toole, F., and Eur Ing J. A. McGovern. "Some Concepts and Conceptual Devices for Exergy Analysis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Mechanical Engineering Science 204, no. 5 (September 1990): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_113_02.

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The main concepts of exergy analysis are outlined with special emphasis on the fact that exergy can be transferred and transported and on the distinction between work and useful work. The exergy transfers associated with work and with heat are described. The relationship between so-called flow exergy and non-flow exergy is explained. Three conceptual devices which can be inserted at an analysis boundary are presented. These achieve mechanical separation between the systems on either side of the boundary so that an exergy transfer equivalent to the net exergy transferred and transported across the boundary can be visualized and evaluated. The first conceptual device can be used where heat transfer occurs at a boundary, the second where a steady flow fluid stream enters and leaves a system, and the third where air and fuel streams enter and flue gases leave a combustion system.
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Abdulkarim, Ali Hussein, Muhammad Asmail Eleiwi, Tahseen Ahmad Tahseen, and Eyub Canli. "Numerical Forced Convection Heat Transfer of Nanofluids over Back Facing Step and Through Heated Circular Grooves." Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems 8, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 597–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/mmep.080413.

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Backward facing step arrangement is a classical case for fluid dynamics and heat transfer research. It is well characterized and therefore, used for benchmarking. However, ongoing studies reveal that the geometry also provide advantages in industry, especially in combustion and burners. This work utilizes computational fluid dynamics to investigate a specific laminar back facing step flow heat transfer case. Aluminium oxide nano particles are considered as an additive to water base fluid, forming nanofluid with different volumetric concentrations. Laminar flow passes a back facing step and encounters three circular grooves at bottom surface. All surfaces are adiabatic except the grooves. Constant surface temperature applies to the grooves. According to the simulation results, a separation bubble after back facing step and a reattachment point occur. Grooves alter expected wake due to physical and thermal interference. Investigation parameters are nano-particle concentration and Reynolds number. Reynolds number changes between 10 and 250. Nano particle volume fraction percentage changes between 2 and 6 percent. Sectional heating downstream of the step poses interesting heat flux in the presence of Aluminium oxide nano-particle concentrations. There is a pseudo-linear relationship between parameters and heat transfer. Combined effects of enhanced thermal conductivity and secondary flow structures are seen. As expected, thermal convection increases as flow velocity and nano-particle concentrations increase. Heat flux and accordingly Nusselt number are highly affected from Reynolds number since flow structure changes dramatically. Also, direct proportion is seen between nano-particle concentration and enhanced convection.
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34

Askarova, A., M. Beketaeva, Symbat A. Bolegenova, S. A. Bolegenova, and V. Maksimov. "Simulation of heat and mass transfer in high-temperature reactive flows in the presence of combustion." Теплофизика высоких температур 56, no. 5 (October 2018): 813–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s004036440003373-4.

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35

Pries, Michael, Andreas Fiolitakis, and Peter Gerlinger. "Numerical Investigation of a High Momentum Jet Flame at Elevated Pressure: A Quantitative Validation with Detailed Experimental Data." Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 4 (December 18, 2020): 264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33737/jgpps/130031.

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The development of efficient low emission combustion systems requires methods for an accurate and reliable prediction of combustion processes. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in combination with combustion modelling is an important tool to achieve this goal. For an accurate computation adequate boundary conditions are crucial. Especially data for the temperature distribution on the walls of the combustion chamber are usually not available. The present work focuses on numerical simulations of a high momentum jet flame in a single nozzle FLOX® type model combustion chamber at elevated pressure. Alongside the balance equations for the fluid the energy equation for the solid combustor walls is solved. To assess the accuracy of this approach, the temperature distribution on the inner combustion chamber wall resulting from this Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT) simulation is compared to measured wall temperatures. The simulation results within the combustion chamber are compared to detailed experimental data. This includes a comparison of the flow velocities, temperatures as well as species concentrations. To further assess the benefit of including the solid domain in a CFD simulation the results of the CHT simulation are compared to results of a CFD computation where constant temperatures are assumed for all walls of the combustion chamber.
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36

Fridriksson, Helgi, Bengt Sundén, Martin Tunér, and Öivind Andersson. "Heat Transfer in Diesel and Partially Premixed Combustion Engines; A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study." Heat Transfer Engineering 38, no. 17 (November 3, 2016): 1481–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2016.1255086.

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37

Han, Chang-Liang, Jing-Jie Ren, Yan-Qing Wang, and Ming-Shu Bi. "Experimental studies of shell-side fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in a submerged combustion vaporizer." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 101 (October 2016): 436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.05.080.

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38

Kavtaradze, R., A. Zelentsov, and V. Krasnov. "Local heat transfer in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine converted to natural gas and hydrogen." Теплофизика высоких температур 56, no. 6 (December 2018): 986–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s004036440003571-2.

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39

Sarofim, Adel F. "Radiative heat transfer in combustion: Friend or foe." Symposium (International) on Combustion 21, no. 1 (January 1988): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0082-0784(88)80227-3.

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40

Yin, Zhi Ren, Li Jun Yang, and Run Ze Duan. "CFD Simulation of Heat Transfer of Pulsating Gas in a Pipe." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 623–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.623.

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Numerical Simulation of pulsating flow in a pulse combustor tailpipe was performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The flow in the pipe was characterized by periodic pulsating. The influence of this pulsating includes incomplete flow development and high level of convective heat transfer rate, and both were considered and investigated by the CFD model. Compared with the steady flow condition, results showed that the heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number were 2.35 times higher.
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41

Taghavi, R., A. Dupont, and J. F. Dupont. "Aerodynamic and Thermal Analysis of an Engine Cylinder Head Using Numerical Flow Simulation." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no. 3 (July 1, 1990): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906500.

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A computational fluid dynamics code is used as a guide during the development stage of a passenger car spark ignition engine. The focus is on the flow properties of the inlet port as well as the heat transfer characteristics of the proposed cylinder head design. In the first part of this study, the aerodynamic characteristics of two slightly different inlet ports are considered and their effect on the development of in-cylinder flow is examined. The collected information is used to estimate geometric sensitivity and assess the effects of drifts between design and actual production specifications of inlet ports. In the second part, the same computational code is used to simulate in-cylinder combustion and determine the resulting temperature and heat flux distribution on the cylinder head walls. A comparison is then carried out between numerical results and experimental measurements and good agreement is obtained.
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42

Nijeweme, D. J. Oude, J. B. W. Kok, C. R. Stone, and L. Wyszynski. "Unsteady in-cylinder heat transfer in a spark ignition engine: Experiments and modelling." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 215, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 747–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407011528329.

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Instantaneous heat flux measurements have shown that, in the expansion stroke, heat can flow from the wall into the combustion chamber, even though the bulk gas temperature is higher than the wall temperature. This unexpected result has been explained by modelling of the unsteady flows and heat conduction within the gas side thermal boundary layer. This modelling has shown that these unsteady effects change the phasing of the heat flux, compared with that which would be predicted by a simple convective correlation based on the bulk gas properties. Twelve fast response thermocouples have been installed throughout the combustion chamber of a pent roof, four-valve, single-cylinder spark ignition engine. Instantaneous surface temperatures and the adjacent steady reference temperatures were measured, and the surface heat fluxes were calculated for motoring and firing at different speeds, throttle settings and ignition timings. To make comparisons with these measurements, the combustion system was modelled with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). This was found to give very poor agreement with the experimental measurements, so this led to a review of the assumptions used in boundary layer modelling. The discrepancies were attributed to assumptions in the law of the wall and Reynolds analogy, so instead the energy equation was solved within the boundary layer. The one-dimensional energy conservation equation has been linearized and normalized and solved in the gas side boundary layer for a motored case. The results have been used for a parametric study, and the individual terms of the energy equation are evaluated for their contribution to the surface heat flux. It was clearly shown that the cylinder pressure changes cause a phase shift of the heat flux forward in time.
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43

El-Mahallawy, F. M., E. Mahdi Ali, A. S. El-Asfouri, and H. A. Ibrahim. "Combustion and heat transfer characteristics in boilers with asymmetrical reversed flow flame tube." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 27, no. 4 (April 2003): 417–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0894-1777(02)00245-5.

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44

Robinson, K., M. Wilson, M. J. Leathard, and J. G. Hawley. "Computational modelling of convective heat transfer in a simulated engine cooling gallery." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 221, no. 9 (September 1, 2007): 1147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070jauto450.

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Experimental data from internal combustion (IC) engines suggests that the use of proprietary computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes for the prediction of coolant-side heat transfer within IC engine coolant jackets often results in underprediction of the convective heat transfer coefficient. An experimental and computational study, based on a coolant gallery simulator rig designed specifically to reproduce realistic IC engine operating conditions, has been conducted to explore this issue. It is shown that the standard ‘wall function’ approach normally used in CFD models to model near-wall conditions does not adequately represent some features of the flow that are relevant in convective heat transfer. Alternative modelling approaches are explored to account for these shortcomings and an empirical approach is shown to be successful; however, the methodology is not easily transferable to other situations.
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45

Erdiwansyah, Mahidin, Ahmad Fitri Yusop, Muhammad Zaki, Rizalman Mamat, Muhibbuddin, Ratna Eko Sardjono, Nor Azwadi Che Sidik, and Husni Husin. "Investigation of The Effect Biodiesel-Butanol-Water Fuel Blend Pressure on A Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 79, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.79.2.3947.

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Energy demand from the community, which continues to increase has resulted in depletion of petroleum (fossil) energy in recent years. Many researchers have sought to find alternative fuels to replace dependence on conventional energy. The mixing of alcohol into diesel fuel has also been carried out by several previous researchers. The main focus of this research is to investigate the combustion performance of diesel engines using a mixture of biodiesel-butanol-water and diesel (B5Bu5W5). This research experiment used a single-cylinder diesel engine with different speeds at 25% and 50% engine load. The experimental results show that the maximum cylinder pressure reaches 72.32 bar when the engine load reaches 50%. While at 25% engine load press the maximum cylinder 33.62 bar. The heat dissipation for 50% engine load is also higher than the engine load 25% respectively 34.39% and 33.62%. Overall results show that cylinder pressure increases when the load and engine speed increase. However, the combustion time is a little slower than when using pure diesel fuel.
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46

Sathe, S. B., R. E. Peck, and T. W. Tong. "A numerical analysis of heat transfer and combustion in porous radiant burners." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 33, no. 6 (June 1990): 1331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(90)90262-s.

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47

Loubar, Khaled, Je´ro^me Bellettre, and Mohand Tazerout. "Unsteady Heat Transfer Enhancement Around an Engine Cylinder in Order to Detect Knock." Journal of Heat Transfer 127, no. 3 (March 1, 2005): 278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1857943.

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This paper deals with the transient thermal signal around an engine cylinder in order to propose a new and nonintrusive method of knock detection. Numerical simulations of unsteady heat transfer through the cylinder and inside the coolant flow are carried out to account for heat flux variations due to normal and knocking combustion. The effect of rib roughened surfaces on thermal signal amplification is investigated. The geometric parameters are fixed at Pi/h=10 and w/h=1 with a Reynolds number based on hydraulic diameter of 12,000. The results reveal that square ribs give better performance in term of thermal signal amplification within the fluid. An amplification of the temperature variation up to 20 times higher is found. Finally, flow analysis shows that amplification depends on the position where the thermal signal is collected.
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48

Oh, Sea Cheon, Cheol Min Jin, John Hee Hong, Woo Teck Kwon, and Soo Ryong Kim. "The Behavior of Automobile Shredder Residue Chips in a Precalciner for Cement Manufacturing Process." Materials Science Forum 544-545 (May 2007): 885–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.544-545.885.

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This paper presents a numerical simulation of Automobile Shredder Residue (ASR) chips motion and combustion in a cement works precalciner. The work was done using the commercial computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code FLUENT. The aim of this work is to develop an understanding of the processes within the percalciner to aid in the prediction of ASR chip aerodynamic and combustion behaviors for its use as an alternative fuel. The effects of the mutual interactions between ASR chips were simulated by discrete phase modeling approach, while ASR combustion was simulated by the finite rate devolatilization models. A useful approach to simulate the characteristics of turbulent gas-particle flow, heat transfer and ASR combustion process in a precalciner has been demonstrated.
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49

Baburic, Mario, Alexandre Raulot, and Neven Duic. "Implementation of discrete transfer radiation method into swift computational fluid dynamics code." Thermal Science 8, no. 1 (2004): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0401019b.

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The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has developed into a powerful tool widely used in science, technology and industrial design applications, when ever fluid flow, heat transfer, combustion, or other complicated physical processes, are involved. During decades of development of CFD codes scientists were writing their own codes, that had to include not only the model of processes that were of interest, but also a whole spectrum of necessary CFD procedures, numerical techniques, pre-processing and post-processing. That has arrested much of the scientist effort in work that has been copied many times over, and was not actually producing the added value. The arrival of commercial CFD codes brought relief to many engineers that could now use the user-function approach for mod el ling purposes, en trusting the application to do the rest of the work. This pa per shows the implementation of Discrete Transfer Radiation Method into AVL?s commercial CFD code SWIFT with the help of user defined functions. Few standard verification test cases were per formed first, and in order to check the implementation of the radiation method it self, where the comparisons with available analytic solution could be performed. After wards, the validation was done by simulating the combustion in the experimental furnace at IJmuiden (Netherlands), for which the experimental measurements were available. The importance of radiation prediction in such real-size furnaces is proved again to be substantial, where radiation itself takes the major fraction of over all heat transfer. The oil-combustion model used in simulations was the semi-empirical one that has been developed at the Power Engineering Department, and which is suit able for a wide range of typical oil flames.
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Shin, Jong Gye, and Jong Hun Woo. "Analysis of Heat Transfer Between the Gas Torch and the Plate For the Application of Line Heating." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 125, no. 4 (November 1, 2003): 794–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1616949.

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Line heating (LH) is a method of forming curved thick plates. Residual deformation of a steel plate is obtained by applying heat to the plate. Heat transfer analysis between a torch and the steel plate is essential to control the residual deformation of the steel plate in LH. This paper presents an analysis of the heat transfer during LH. The mechanism of combustion flame from a torch is simplified as an impinging gas jet. A turbulent thermal fluid flow analysis is employed to determine the temperature field. Results of numerical and experimental approaches are compared to verify the proposed analysis procedure. The parametric analysis shows that the nozzle diameter and the tip clearance are the important factors of the heat flux induced by the flame.
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