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DEWI, AJENG RUVITA. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA PEMANTAUAN INTAKE OUTPUT CAIRAN PENDERITA CKD DENGAN TERJADINYA OVERLOAD CAIRAN." Media Husada Journal Of Nursing Science 3, no. 2 (2022): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33475/mhjns.v3i2.89.
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 Monitoring fluid intake and output in patients with CKD is the main action to reduce the occurrence of fluid overload in patients with CKD. Fluid overload can cause shortness of breath, edema, and acites. Lack of attention to fluid intake and output will lead to more serious health problems. This study aims to determine the relationship between monitoring of CKD fluid intake output and the occurrence of fluid overload at RSU Karsa Husada Batu. The research design used was Correlative Study. Retrieval of data using Cross Sectional. The sampling method used was Purposive Sampling. The sample in this study amounted to 22 people. The intake output monitoring variable was assessed using the fluid intake output chart questionnaire, while the fluid overload variable was the head to toe observation sheet. The result of the Spearman Rank Correlation test shows a p value of 0.001 where the p value is smaller than alpha 0.05 (p value (0.001) <alpha (0.05), which means that there is a significant relationship between monitoring the fluid output intake of patients with CKD and the occurrence of fluid overload in RSU Karsa Husada Batu. The correlation coefficient of 0.661 is a number that is positive. So the relationship between Monitoring Intake of Fluid Output for CKD Patients with the Occurrence of Fluid Overload is unidirectional, thus it means that the better monitoring of fluid output intake for CKD sufferers, the risk of overload Also decreasing The effectiveness of limiting the amount of fluids in CRF patients depends on the patient's knowledge of the amount of fluids that can be drunk and efforts to create restrictions on fluid intake through monitoring the intake of fluid output per day . This is very necessary to be applied consistently in patients with CKD.
 Keyword : monitoring of fluid intake, output, overload.
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MCCONNELL, EDWINA A. "Measuring fluid intake and output." Nursing 32, no. 7 (2002): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-200207000-00012.
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AJIBADE, Omowumi Suuru (RN RNA RNE BNSc), R.A. SALAWU (RN RNE BNSc PhD FPNP ADV.MGT FWACN) PROF., and Sa'a Wennie (BSN MPH DNM) Jummai. "Factors Influencing Documentation of Patient's Fluid Intake and Output Among Nurses in Specialist Hospitals of Ondo State, Nigeria." International Journal of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences (IJMNHS) ® 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4732332.
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Fluid intake and output documentation is important for safe, effective, ethical nursing care and accountability. Anecdotal clinical experience has shown that fluid intake and output documentation is frequently poorly adhered to by nurses leading to poor quality of care with accompanying litigation and professionals conflict. This study assessed the factors influencing documentation of patient’s fluid intake and output among nurses in Specialist Hospital of Ondo State. The study was carried out at Specialist Hospital, Okitipupa and Ikare respectively. Descriptive cross-sectional design was utilized. Sample size was 64 respondents using total enumeration. Self-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Face validity of the instrument was ascertained by experts of Adult Health Nursing while reliability was ascertained through pretest with Cronbach alpha coefficient value of 0.70 and 0.72. Research questions were answered using descriptive statistics of mean and percentages. Findings revealed the perception was favourable (54.7%), but this does not translate to practice, factors identified to influence fluid documentation are Supervision 98.4%, Shortage of nursing staff 95.3%, Time management 90.6%, In-Service training 90.4%, Workload 82.4%, and Delegation of duty 64.1%. In conclusion, fluid intake and output documentation practice was very poor among the nurses and several factors had been identified. In other to enhance the practice, Continuing Nursing Educational Unit in each hospital should organize regular seminar in other for them to stimulate nurses to change attitude positively towards documentation of fluid intake and output. <strong>Keywords</strong>: Factors, Fluid Intake and Output, Documentation, Output,
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Bidiwala, Khurshid S., John M. Lorenz, and Leonard I. Kleinman. "Renal Function Correlates of Postnatal Diuresis in Preterm Infants." Pediatrics 82, no. 1 (1988): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.82.1.50.
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A characteristic pattern of fluid homeostasis occurs in the first week of life in many preterm infants. Initially, urine output is low independent of fluid intake, subsequently a diuresis occurs, and finally urine output begins to vary with intake. Renal clearance measurements were made during each of these three phases to elucidate the renal mechanisms involved. Periods during which the ratio of urine output to fluid intake was ≥1 and urine output was ≥3 mL/kg/h were defined as diuretic. Of 22 preterm infants studied from 12 to 120 hours of age, 17 had at least one period of diuresis. In these infants, urine output, fluid intake rate, output to intake ratio, glomerular filtration rate, and fractional sodium excretion were lowest at 12 to 24 hours of age. During diuresis, urine output tripled without a significant change in fluid intake so that output to intake increased to levels exceeding unity. Diuresis was associated with significant increases in glomerular filtration rate and fractional sodium excretion. By 108 to 120 hours of age, urine output decreased despite an increase in fluid intake. This was accompanied by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate. These results suggest that the initial antidiuretic phase is the result of a low fractional sodium excretion in the face of a low glomerular filtration rate. Subsequently, diuresis and natriuresis occur as a result of abrupt, nonmaturational increases in glomerular filtration rate and fractional sodium excretion. With cessation of diuresis, glomerular filtration rate and fractional sodium excretion decrease and water and electrolyte output begin to vary appropriately with intake.
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Bausker, Sneha N. "The recording of fluid balance/intake-output." Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research 8, no. 4 (2018): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2349-2996.2018.00116.7.
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Koop, Andree H., Fernando F. Stancampiano, Jillian Jackson, et al. "Association of Total Fluid Intake and Output with Duration of Hospital Stay in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7614381.
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Background/Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of fluid balance with outcomes in patients hospitalized with acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods. This was a retrospective study of patients hospitalized between May 2008 and June 2016 with AP and a clinical order for strict recording of intake and output. Data collected included various types of fluid intake and output at 24 and 48 hours after admission. The primary outcome was length of stay (LOS). Analysis was performed using single-variable and multivariable negative binomial regression models. Results. Of 1256 patients hospitalized for AP during the study period, only 71 patients (5.6%) had a clinical order for strict recording of intake and output. Increased urine output was associated with a decreased LOS at 24 and 48 hours in univariable analysis. An increasingly positive fluid balance (total intake minus urine output) at 24 hours was associated with a longer LOS in multivariable analysis. Conclusions. Few patients hospitalized for AP had a documented order for strict monitoring of fluid intake and output, despite the importance of monitoring fluid balance in these patients. Our study suggests an association between urine output and fluid balance with LOS in AP.
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Choi-Kwon, Smi, Young Hee Yang, and Yun Jung. "A Study on Fluid Intake and Output Measurements." Journal of Nurses Academic Society 25, no. 1 (1995): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jnas.1995.25.1.88.
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Guyton, A. C. "Long-term arterial pressure control: an analysis from animal experiments and computer and graphic models." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 259, no. 5 (1990): R865—R877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.259.5.r865.
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Long-term arterial pressure control is very different from acute control, because many of the acute control systems are overridden by a single long-term mechanism that has little to do with short-term control. This is the renal fluid volume mechanism for pressure control. It is based on a simple functional property of the kidney: as the arterial pressure rises, the kidney output of water and electrolytes increases dramatically. When the output rises above the net intake of water and electrolytes, negative body fluid balance occurs, causing both the body fluid volume and the pressure to decrease. This decrease continues until the kidney fluid output exactly balances the net fluid intake. Conversely, if the pressure falls below the exact level for balance, intake becomes greater than output; then fluid builds up in the body and the pressure rises until intake and output again exactly balance each other. This fluid mechanism for pressure control has been known from the beginning of blood pressure research. However, its overpowering importance was not appreciated until a mathematical computer analysis in 1966 demonstrated the renal-fluid feedback mechanism to have infinite feedback gain for long-term pressure control. This is the principal topic of the present review.
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Lim, Siew Hoon, Mei Ling Lim, Fazila Abu Bakar Aloweni, and Shin Yuh Ang. "Audit of the appropriateness and accuracy of fluid intake and output monitoring: experience in a tertiary hospital." British Journal of Nursing 30, no. 11 (2021): 660–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2021.30.11.660.
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Background: The current practice of fluid intake and output monitoring for hospitalised patients in one local acute care tertiary hospital was unclear and inconsistent. Inaccurate fluid balance monitoring and poor documentation can result in poor clinical outcomes. Aim: To provide an overview of the current practice of ordering, monitoring and documentation of patient fluid intake and output during hospitalisation. Methods: Electronic charts of 2199 adults were reviewed for appropriateness and accuracy of monitoring and documentation of the fluid balance records. Data retrieved for each patient included: (1) Was daily fluid balance monitoring clinically indicated? (2) Was daily fluid balance monitoring prescribed by the doctors or initiated by the nurses? (3) Was the daily fluid balance documentation accurate for the entire admission? Findings: Of the reviewed patients, 68% were on fluid balance monitoring, of whom 31% were prescribed by medical teams and 69% were nurse-initiated. Among patients who were receiving fluid balance monitoring, 78% were clinically indicated (35% prescribed by doctors), and 22% had no clinical indications (18% prescribed by doctors). Overall, documentation accuracy of the intake and output charts was 77%, with 100% accuracy in the oral and intravenous fluid intake, and 21% accuracy in the output documentation. Among the inaccurate documentation of monitoring with no quantifiable amount, ‘void in toilet’ was the most inaccurately documented (93.3%). Conclusions: It is vital to address the current disparities in hospital practice, which include prescribing fluid balance monitoring for patients without a clinical indication and documenting incomplete or poor quality information in patients' intake and output charts. Future quality improvement and research work is needed to improve patient safety and outcomes.
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Giegies, Elsandi, and Ani Haryani. "Nursing Care for Chronic Kidney Failure Patients with Fluid Management Intervention at the Dr. Regional General Hospital. Djarart Prawiaranegara Serang." Al Makki Health Informatics Journal 1, no. 2 (2023): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.57185/hij.v1i2.6.
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Problems often experienced by Chronic Kidney Failure patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy are related to excess fluid intake in the body. Patients with chronic renal failure who do not comply with fluid intake restrictions will experience fluid accumulation, causing pulmonary edema and left ventricular hypertrophy. The buildup of fluid in the body causes the heart and lungs to function hard, resulting in patients becoming tired and short of breath. while intake that is too low results in dehydration, hypotension, and impaired kidney function. Failed Diseases. Monitoring fluid intake and output in patients has proven to be effective in dealing with excess fluid volume. It is hoped that using non-pharmacological therapy is one method for patients with chronic kidney failure with fluid balance and electrolytes in fluid management interventions. The research results were obtained after fluid management was carried out to reduce fluid and electrolyte balance in patients with chronic renal failure, blood pressure improved, edema was reduced, skin turgor was good, there were no additional breath sounds, patients were able to understand the importance of limiting fluid and sodium intake. , and be able to measure and record food intake and urine output independently.
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Crowley, Kelli, Carol Vetterly, Keito Hoshitsuki, Alaina Koval, Joseph Carcillo, and Dana Fuhrman. "Medication Use as a Contributor to Fluid Overload in the PICU: A Prospective Observational Study." Journal of Pediatric Intensive Care 07, no. 02 (2017): 069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604422.
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AbstractIn this prospective observational study, we explored the association of daily fluid intake from medication use with fluid overload in 75 children beginning 24 hours after intubation. The mean percent daily fluid intake from medications was 29% in the overall cohort. Excess intake and inadequate output contributed significantly to fluid overload. In the 28 patients who became ≥10% fluid overloaded, the mean percent daily fluid intake from medications was 34%, but just 23% in the patients who did not. Awareness of volume contribution and maximized concentration of parenteral medications when able may lessen the burden of fluid overload.
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Sulaiman, St Suarniati. "Application of nursing care in patients with fluid and electrolyte needs in hemodialisa room, labuang baji makassar’s hospital." Journal of Health, Education and Literacy 2, no. 1 (2019): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31605/j-healt.v2i1.475.
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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a failure of kidney function so that it is unable to run its function properly, causing decreased glomerular filtration gradually, thus undergoing hemodialysis therapy. According to the WHO in 2017 which states that GGK disease ranked 12th highest mortality rate. And according to the results of riskesdas in 2013, South Sulawesi is ranked third with a prevalence of 0.3%. Handling efforts to decrease the volume of fluid by means of fluid restriction affects the patient's survival. This study aims to describe nursing care in patients. N with GGK in fulfillment of fluid requirement in Hemodilisa Room of RSU Labuang Baji Makassar, using descriptive method with case study approach. The results of this study indicate excess fluid volume characterized by grade 2 edema in the extremities, abdominal bloating and frequent burping, thirst, olguria, anemia and azotemia. The application of nursing care is done to monitor the intake output and fluid restriction so that no excess fluid volume can be concluded that monitoring of intake output and fluid restriction in GGK patients undergoing HD can effectively decrease the density of edema and weight. It is advisable to the nurse to monitor the patient's intake output for 24 hours and provide education for the implementation of home care in preventing excess fluid volume.
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Kang, Nam-Yi, and Sukhee Ahn. "Nurses' Perception and Practice of Fluid Intake and Output Measurement." Journal of muscle and joint health 23, no. 2 (2016): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5953/jmjh.2016.23.2.84.
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Fong, Ka Man, Shek Yin Au, George Wing Yiu Ng, and Anne Kit Hung Leung. "Positive fluid balance and mortality in adult patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A retrospective study." Journal of the Intensive Care Society 21, no. 3 (2019): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1751143719862240.
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Background Intravenous fluid is important for resuscitation and maintenance of circuit flow in patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, but fluid overload is widely recognized as detrimental in critically ill patients. This study aimed to evaluate the association between positive fluid balance and outcomes in adult patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Methods This was a retrospective observational study of a tertiary hospital from October 2010 to January 2018. Patients aged ≥18 years who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for ≥48 h were included. The fluid balance was determined as the difference between fluid intake and fluid output, and the cumulative fluid balance was calculated as the sum of these values on the preceding days. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. Results Of the 123 included extracorporeal membrane oxygenation episodes, 79 were venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The hospital mortality rate was 31.7%. Seventy-eight patients underwent continuous renal replacement therapy during their extracorporeal membrane oxygenation course. Non-survivors had a greater cumulative fluid balance (p≤0.001) and a lower cumulative fluid output (p = 0.006) than survivors on day 7. Fluid intake was not significantly different between survivors and non-survivors (p = 0.583). In the multivariate analysis, the cumulative fluid balance (per litre) on day 7, but not on day 3, was associated with increased hospital mortality (adjusted OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06–1.29, p = 0.001). Conclusions In adult patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, a higher positive cumulative fluid balance on day 7 was associated with increased hospital mortality. The association between positive fluid balance and mortality was mainly influenced by lower fluid output rather than an increase in fluid intake.
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Lei, Jiahao, Zhuojing Zhang, Yixuan Li, et al. "Fluid balance and clinical outcomes in patients with aortic dissection: a retrospective case-control study based on ICU databases." BMJ Open 15, no. 2 (2025): e083933. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-083933.
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ObjectivesAortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening condition that requires intensive care and management. This paper explores the role of fluid management in the clinical care of AD patients, which has been unclear despite the substantial existing research that has been conducted on the treatment of AD.DesignA retrospective case-control study using data for AD patients from public databases.SettingTwo public intensive care unit (ICU) databases with hospital courses from the USA, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV critical care dataset and the eICU Collaborative Research Database, with data from 2008 to 2019.ParticipantsA total of 751 adult AD patients with detailed fluid management records from two databases were included.InterventionsThe mean 24-hour intake and output were calculated by dividing the total amount of intake and output by the number of days in the ICU, respectively. The mean 24-hour fluid balance was generated by subtracting the output from the intake.Outcome measuresThe relationship between the mean 24-hour fluid management and all-cause in-hospital death was assessed through univariate and multivariable regression analyses.ResultsA positive correlation was found between mean 24-hour fluid intake and in-hospital mortality among AD patients (OR 1.029, 95% CI (1.018, 1.041), p<0.001), whereas a negative correlation was revealed between mean 24-hour fluid output and in-hospital mortality (OR 0.941, 95% CI (0.914, 0.968), p<0.001). A similar result was found for mean 24-hour fluid balance (OR 1.030, 95% CI (1.019, 1.042), p<0.001), and the cut-off was selected to be 5.12 dL (AUC=0.778, OR 3.066, 95% CI (1.634, 5.753), p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study stresses the importance of fluid balance in the clinical care of AD patients and provides new insights for optimising fluid management and monitoring strategies beyond the conventional focus on blood pressure and heart rate management.
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Bird, Edythe, and Robert J. Contreras. "Dietary salt affects fluid intake and output patterns of pregnant rats." Physiology & Behavior 37, no. 2 (1986): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(86)90247-7.
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Bankir, Lise, Julie Perucca, Peter Norsk, Nadine Bouby, and Morten Damgaard. "Relationship between Sodium Intake and Water Intake: The False and the True." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 70, Suppl. 1 (2017): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000463831.
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Background: Generally, eating salty food items increases thirst. Thirst is also stimulated by the experimental infusion of hypertonic saline. But, in steady state, does the kidney need a higher amount of water to excrete sodium on a high than on a low sodium intake? This issue is still controversial. The purpose of this review is to provide examples of how the kidney handles water in relation to salt intake/output. It is based on re-analysis of previously published studies in which salt intake was adjusted to several different levels in the same subjects, and in databases of epidemiologic studies in populations on an ad libitum diet. Summary and Key Messages: These re-analyses allow us to draw the following conclusions: (1) In a steady state situation, the urine volume (and thus the fluid intake) remains unchanged over a large range of sodium intakes. The adaptation to a higher sodium excretion rests only on changes in urinary sodium concentration. However, above a certain limit, this concentration cannot increase further and the urine volume may then increase. (2) In population studies, it is not legitimate to assume that sodium is responsible for changes in urine volume, since people who eat more sodium also eat more of other nutrients leading to an increase in the excretion of potassium, urea and other solutes, besides sodium. (3) After an abrupt increase in sodium intake, fluid intake is increased in the first few days, but urine volume does not change. The extra fluid drunk is responsible for an increase in body weight.
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Gyawali, Susmita, and Siddhi Laxmi Bajracharya. "Knowledge About Intake and Output Documentation among the Nursing Staffs of Dhulikhel Hospital." Nepalese Medical Journal 5, no. 2 (2022): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v5i2.49454.
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Introduction: Documentation of intake and output is written or electronically generated information about client’s all the fluid that goes into and is eliminated from the patient’s body. Fluid balance monitoring and documentation is a challenging area in nursing practice, since patients’ management plan for surgery, renal, cardiac, and acute gastrointestinal disease depends on the nurse’s documentation, it is hence of medical and ethical importance. Thus, we intend to assess the knowledge about intake and output documentation among the nursing staff of Dhulikhel Hospital.Materials and Methods: A simple descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the 100 nursing staff using the stratified random technique. A self-administered questionnaire was used. T-test was used for comparison. Respondents’ knowledge was analyzed by using the software SPSS 16.0. Results: This study showed the mean knowledge percentage score of nursing staff working in Dhulikhel Hospital was 59.25%. There was a significant difference in mean knowledge score between respondents with a Certificate Level in Nursing and Bachelor level (p= 0.008), between respondents of Surgical Units and Non-Surgical Units (p= 0.001). Other variables like personal experience and previous in-service or education on intake and output documentation did not have any significant difference in mean knowledge score.Conclusion: The findings of the study suggested that the knowledge regarding intake and output documentation among nursing staff was average.
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Husain, R., M. T. Duncan, S. H. Cheah, and S. L. Ch'ng. "Effects of fasting in Ramadan on Tropical Asiatic Moslems." British Journal of Nutrition 58, no. 1 (1987): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19870067.
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1. Anthropometric variables, resting heart rate and respiratory gas exchange were measured in twelve male and nine female Asiatic adult Moslems during the month of Ramadan, the week before and the month after Ramadan.2. Energy intakes were estimated from dietary recall during fasting and non-fasting conditions.3. Both male and female subjects experienced a decrease in body mass with the reduction in energy intake during fasting. Males experienced a greater reduction than females in resting heart rate; females lost more body weight and subcutaneous fat than males.4. Urine output and fluid intake were measured in twelve male subjects for 1 d during each week of fasting and 1 d during the pre-fasting control period. Among the subjects examined, the Ramadan regimen did not result in changes in the pattern of fluid exchange.
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Chung, Benjamin D., Utpal Parekh, and Joseph H. Sellin. "Effect of Increased Fluid Intake on Stool Output in Normal Healthy Volunteers." Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 28, no. 1 (1999): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004836-199901000-00006.
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Jaleel, MohammedA, BushraN F. Jaleel, and FarahN Fathima. "Nutrition, energy intake- output, exercise, and fluid homeostasis during fasting in Ramadan." Journal of Medical Nutrition and Nutraceuticals 2, no. 2 (2013): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2278-019x.114722.
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Wilcoxson, Mary Caitlin Stevenson, Samantha Louise Johnson, Veronika Pribyslavska, James Mathew Green, and Eric Kyle O’Neal. "Fluid Retention and Utility of Practical Hydration Markers to Detect Three Levels of Recovery Fluid Intake in Male Runners." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 27, no. 2 (2017): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2015-0362.
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Runners are unlikely to consume fluid during training bouts increasing the importance of recovery rehydration efforts. This study assessed urine specific gravity (USG) responses following runs in the heat with different recovery fluid intake volumes. Thirteen male runners completed 3 evening running sessions resulting in approximately 2,200 ± 300 ml of sweat loss (3.1 ± 0.4% body mass) followed by a standardized dinner and breakfast. Beverage fluid intake (pre/postbreakfast) equaled 1,565/2,093 ml (low; L), 2,065/2,593 ml (moderate; M) and 2,565/3,356 mL (high; H). Voids were collected in separate containers. Increased urine output resulted in no differences (p > .05) in absolute mean fluid retention for waking or first postbreakfast voids. Night void averages excluding the first void postrun (1.025 ± 0.008; 1.013 ± 0.008; 1.006 ± 0.003), first morning (1.024 ± 0.004; 1.015 ± 0.005; 1.014 ± 0.005), and postbreakfast (1.022 ± 0.007; 1.014 ± 0.007; 1.008 ± 0.003) USG were higher (p < .05) for L versus M and H respectively and more clearly differentiated fluid intake volume between L and M than color or thirst sensation. Waking (r = -0.66) and postbreakfast (r = -0.71) USG were both significantly correlated (p < .001) with fluid replacement percentage, but not absolute fluid retention. Fluid intake M was reported as most similar to normal consumption (5.6 ± 1.0 on 0–10 scale) after breakfast and equaled 122 ± 16% of sweat losses. Retention data suggests consumption above this level is not warranted or actually practiced by most runners drinking ad libitum, but that periodic prerun USG assessment may be useful for coaches to detect runners that habitually consume low levels of fluids between training bouts in warm seasons.
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Westerterp, K. R., P. Robach, L. Wouters, and J. P. Richalet. "Water balance and acute mountain sickness before and after arrival at high altitude of 4,350 m." Journal of Applied Physiology 80, no. 6 (1996): 1968–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.80.6.1968.
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The present study is a first attempt to measure water balance and its components at altitude by using labeled water and bromide dilution and relating the results with acute mountain sickness (AMS). Water intake, total water output, and water output in urine and feces were measured over a 4-day interval before and a subsequent 4-day interval after transport to 4,350 m. Total body water and extracellular water were measured at the start and at the end of the two intervals. There was a close relationship between energy intake and water intake, and the relationship was unchanged by the altitude intervention. Subjects developing AMS reduced energy intake and water intake cor respondingly. The increase in total body water (TBW) in subjects developing AMS was accompanied by a reduction in total water loss. They did not show the increased urine output, compensating for the reduced evaporative water loss at altitude. Subjects showed a significant increase in TBW after 4 days at altitude. Subjects with AMS showed the biggest shifts in extracellular water relative to TBW. In conclusion, fluid retention in relation to AMS is independent of a change in water requirements due to altitude exposure. Subjects developing AMS were those showing a fluid shift of at least 1 liter from the intracellular to the extracellular compartment or from the extracellular to the intracellular compartment.
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McCartney, Danielle, Christopher Irwin, Gregory R. Cox, and Ben Desbrow. "Fluid, energy, and nutrient recovery via ad libitum intake of different commercial beverages and food in female athletes." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 44, no. 1 (2019): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2018-0176.
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This study investigated the effect of consuming different commercial beverages with food ad libitum after exercise on fluid, energy, and nutrient recovery in trained females. On 4 separate occasions, 8 females (body mass (BM): 61.8 ± 10.7 kg; maximal oxygen uptake: 46.3 ± 7.5 mL·kg−1·min−1) lost 2.0% ± 0.3% BM cycling at ∼75% maximal oxygen uptake before completing a 4-h recovery period with ad libitum access to 1 of 4 beverages: Water, Powerade (Sports Drink), Up & Go Reduced Sugar (Lower Sugar (LS)-MILK) or Up & Go Energize (Higher Protein (HP)-MILK). Participants also had two 15-min opportunities to access food within the first 2 h of the recovery period. Beverage intake, total water/nutrient intake, and indicators of fluid recovery (BM, urine output, plasma osmolality), gastrointestinal tolerance and palatability were assessed periodically. While total water intake (from food and beverage) (Water: 1918 ± 580 g; Sports Drink: 1809 ± 338 g; LS-MILK: 1458 ± 431 g; HP-MILK: 1523 ± 472 g; p = 0.010) and total urine output (Water: 566 ± 314 g; Sports Drink: 459 ± 290 g; LS-MILK: 220 ± 53 g; HP-MILK: 230 ± 117 g; p = 0.009) differed significantly by beverage, the quantity of ingested water retained was similar across treatments (Water: 1352 ± 462 g; Sports Drink: 1349 ± 407 g; LS-MILK: 1238 ± 400 g; HP-MILK: 1293 ± 453 g; p = 0.691). Total energy intake (from food and beverage) increased in proportion to the energy density of the beverage (Water: 4129 ± 1080 kJ; Sports Drink: 5167 ± 643 kJ; LS-MILK: 6019 ± 1925 kJ; HP-MILK: 7096 ± 2058 kJ; p = 0.014). When consumed voluntarily and with food, different beverages promote similar levels of fluid recovery, but alter energy/nutrient intakes. Providing access to food and understanding the longer-term dietary goals of female athletes are important considerations when recommending a recovery beverage.
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Kovacs, Eva M. R., Regina M. Schmahl, Joan M. G. Senden, and Fred Brouns. "Effect of High and Low Rates of Fluid Intake on Post-exercise Rehydration." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 12, no. 1 (2002): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.12.1.14.
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The effect of a high (H) and a low (L) rate of post-exercise fluid consumption on plasma volume and fluid balance restoration was investigated. Eight well-trained cyclists were dehydrated at 3% of body weight (BW) by cycling at 28 °C. During the recovery period, they ingested a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution in a volume equivalent to 120% of BW loss. Randomly, they ingested 60%, 40%, and 20% in the 1 st, 2nd, and 3rd hours of the recovery period, respectively (H), or 24% · h−1 during 5 hours (L). BW loss was similar for both trials and resulted in a total drink intake of 2.6 ± 0.1 kg. Urine output in H exceeded significantly that of L in the 2nd and 3rd hours. This was reversed in the 5th and 6th hours. Plasma volume and fluid balance increased more rapidly in H compared to L. After 6 hours this difference disappeared. It is concluded that H results in a faster rate of plasma volume and fluid balance restoration compared to L, despite a temporary large urine output.
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Buckley, Catherine M. F., Amanda Hawthorne, Alison Colyer, and Abigail E. Stevenson. "Effect of dietary water intake on urinary output, specific gravity and relative supersaturation for calcium oxalate and struvite in the cat." British Journal of Nutrition 106, S1 (2011): S128—S130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511001875.
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It has been reported that daily fluid intake influences urinary dilution, and consequently the risk of urolithiasis in human subjects and dogs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of dietary moisture on urinary parameters in healthy adult cats by comparing nutritionally standardised diets, varying only in moisture content. A total of six cats were fed a complete dry food (6·3 % moisture) hydrated to 25·4, 53·2 and 73·3 % moisture for 3 weeks in a randomised block cross-over design. Urinary specific gravity (SG), urine volume, water drunk and total fluid intake were measured daily; relative supersaturation (RSS) for calcium oxalate (CaOx) and struvite was calculated using the SUPERSAT computer program. Cats fed the 73·3 % moisture diet produced urine with a significantly lower SG (P < 0·001) compared with diets containing 53·2 % moisture or lower. Mean RSS for CaOx was approaching the undersaturated zone (1·14 (sem 0·21); P = 0·001) for cats fed the diet with 73·3 % moisture and significantly lower than the 6·3 % moisture diet (CaOx RSS 2·29 (sem 0·21)). The effect of diet on struvite RSS was less clear, with no significant difference between treatment groups. Total fluid intake was significantly increased (P < 0·001) in the 73·3 % moisture diet (144·7 (sem 5·2) ml, or 30 ml/kg body weight per d) compared with the 6·3 % (103·4 (sem 5·3) ml), 25·4 % (98·6 (sem 5·3) ml) and 53·3 % (104·7 (sem 5·3) ml) moisture diets, despite voluntary water intake decreasing as dietary moisture intake increased. Cats fed the 73·3 % moisture diet had a higher total daily fluid intake resulting in a more dilute urine with a lower risk of CaOx when compared with the lower-moisture diets.
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Hasanin, Ahmed, Tarek Zanata, Safinaz Osman, et al. "Pulse Pressure Variation-Guided Fluid Therapy during Supratentorial Brain Tumour Excision: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 15 (2019): 2474–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.682.
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BACKGROUND: Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) improved patient outcomes in various surgical procedures; however, its role during mass brain resection was not well investigated.
 AIM: In this study, we evaluated a simple protocol based on intermittent evaluation of pulse pressure variation for guiding fluid therapy during brain tumour resection.
 METHODS: Sixty-one adult patients scheduled for supratentorial brain mass excision were randomized into either GDFT group (received intraoperative fluids guided by pulse pressure variation) and control group (received standard care). Both groups were compared according to the following: brain relaxation scale (BRS), mean arterial pressure, heart rate, urine output, intraoperative fluid intake, postoperative serum lactate, and length of hospital stay.
 RESULTS: Demographic data, cardiovascular data (mean arterial pressure and heart rate), and BRS were comparable between both groups. GDFT group received more intraoperative fluids {3155 (452) mL vs 2790 (443) mL, P = 0.002}, had higher urine output {2019 (449) mL vs 1410 (382) mL, P < 0.001}, and had lower serum lactate {0.9 (1) mmol versus 2.5 (1.1) mmol, P = 0.03} compared to control group.
 CONCLUSION: In conclusion, PPV-guided fluid therapy during supratentorial mass excision, increased intraoperative fluids, and improved peripheral perfusion without increasing brain swelling.
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Rose, SC, HA Chipps, and EM Peters. "Fluid use in mountain bikers - self-reported practices." South African Journal of Sports Medicine 19, no. 2 (2007): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2078-516x/2007/v19i2a266.
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Background and objectives. Little is known of the fluid replacement habits of participants in mountain bike (MTB) endurance events. This survey set out to determine the current perceptions and practices of this group of endurance athletes. Method. Four hundred and twelve participants in the 3- day 2006 Sani2C (MTB) race completed questionnaires that elicited information regarding their regular fluid intake practices during competitive MTB endurance events. This included their general approach to fluid replacement, their fluid intake practices (type, amount and frequency), urine output and hydration status. Results. While 70% (N = 290) reported that they based their fluid intake practices on personal past experiences, less than half the group (N = 177, 43%) were aware of official sport-specific guidelines. Although 86% (N = 354) reported making use of commercially available sport-specific drinks, consumption of water alone was reported by 34% of respondents (N = 140). The majority (N = 225, 55%) of the mountain bikers reported drinking every 16 - 30 minutes during an endurance ride, while 35% (N = 144) reported drinking every 0 - 15 minutes. Fifty-three per cent (N = 182) of the male respondents and 45% (N = 23) of female respondents reported a routine intake of ≥ 750 ml per hour during endurance rides. This included 2 women who reported regular intakes of between 1 500 and 2 000 ml/hr. Only 7 (2%) reported receiving medical care for dehydration following their participation in previous MTB rides. Conclusions. This survey indicates that although more than half of the mountain bikers did not acknowledge specific awareness of the official fluid replacement guidelines, over 80% reported drinking regularly during a race, and 52% (N = 212) reported a usual intake of ≥ 750 ml/hr during endurance races. Until scientific studies have carefully examined the hydration status and fluid replacement needs of mountain bikers, MTB cyclists are cautioned against the practice of over-hydrating. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 19 (2) 2007: pp. 52-58
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Haryono, Adelina, Diana Sunardi, and Wina Sinaga. "Nutritional management of a malnourished cancer patient with high output ileostomy." World Nutrition Journal 7, no. 01 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.25220/10.25220/wnj.v07.i1.0002.
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High output stoma is a complication that may follow ileostomy formation, with an incidence of 23%. There is no general consensus on the limit of ileostomy production to be defined as high output. However, output of more than 2000 mL/day, can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalance, also malnutrition due to reduced nutrient absorption. Delay in recognition and treatment, especially in cancer patient with high risk of malnutrition, can further deteriorate patient’s nutritional status. A 43-year-old malnourished female with ascending colon cancer underwent tumor resection and ileocolostomy surgery. Starting from the third postoperative day, ileostomy effluent drastically increased to 2700 mL/day, causing severe hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia. Risk factors of high output stoma identified were routine prokinetic medication use and unresolved malignancy-related retroperitoneal abscess. Moreover, increment of food intake in the first days after surgery, specifically food high in insoluble fiber, was one of the contributing factors. High output stoma was then resolved by abscess drainage, discontinuation of prokinetic agent, and administration of antimotility agent. Hyponatremia and hypomagnesemia improved with correction, whereas hypokalemia needed longer time to resolve. Enteral nutrition was maintained and increased gradually to prevent further malnutrition. Oral hypotonic fluid intake was limited to 1000 mL/day and isotonic solution consumption was advised. High stoma production due to hypersecretory phase after ileostomy was expected, but thorough management would prevent patient’s deterioration that was caused by the fluid, electrolyte, and nutritional imbalances.
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Huang, Dan Yang, Krishna M. Boini, Björn Friedrich, et al. "Blunted hypertensive effect of combined fructose and high-salt diet in gene-targeted mice lacking functional serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase SGK1." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 290, no. 4 (2006): R935—R944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00382.2005.
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Serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase (SGK1) is transcriptionally upregulated by mineralocorticoids and activated by insulin. The kinase stimulates the renal epithelial Na+ channel and may thus participate in blood pressure regulation. Hyperinsulinemia is triggered by dietary fructose, which sensitizes blood pressure for salt intake. The role of SGK1 in hypertensive effects of combined fructose and high-salt intake was thus explored in SGK1 knockout mice ( sgk1−/−) and their wild-type littermates ( sgk1+/+). Renal SGK1 transcript levels of sgk1+/+ mice were significantly elevated after fructose diet. Under control diet, fluid intake, urinary flow rate, urinary Na+, K+, and Cl− excretion, and blood pressure were similar in sgk1−/− and sgk1+/+ mice. Addition of 10% fructose to drinking water increased fluid intake and urinary flow rate in both genotypes, and did not significantly alter urinary Na+, K+, and Cl− output in either genotype. Additional high NaCl diet (4% NaCl) did not significantly alter fluid intake and urine volume but markedly increased urinary output of Na+ and Cl−, approaching values significantly ( P < 0.05) larger in sgk1−/− than in sgk1+/+ mice (Na+: 2,572 ± 462 vs. 1,428 ± 236; Cl−: 2,364 ± 388 vs. 1,379 ± 225 μmol/24 h). Blood pressure was similar in sgk1+/+ and sgk1−/− mice at control diet or fructose alone but increased only in sgk1+/+ mice (115 ± 1 vs. 103 ± 0.7 mmHg, P < 0.05) after combined fructose and high-salt intake. Acute intravenous insulin infusion (during glucose clamp) caused antinatriuresis in sgk1+/+ mice, an effect significantly blunted in sgk1−/− mice. The observations reveal a pivotal role of SGK1 in insulin-mediated sodium retention and the salt-sensitizing hypertensive effect of high fructose intake.
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Aprilliyanti, Dwi Reka, and Frenky Arif Budiman. "Hubungan Asupan Natrium dengan Kejadian Hipertensi di Posyandu Lansia Desa Tegowangi Kecamatan Plemahan Kabupaten Kediri." Nutriology : Jurnal Pangan,Gizi,Kesehatan 1, no. 1 (2020): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30812/nutriology.v1i1.729.
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Adequate intake of sodium but causes hypertension in the elderly this is because basically elderly have a history of hypertension. Effect of Sodium intake on the occurrence of hypertension occurs through increased plasma volume, cardiac output, and blood pressure. Excessive consumption of Sodium causes the concentration of Sodium in the extracellular fluid to increase. To normalize it, the intracellular fluid is pulled out, so that the extracellular fluid increases. Increased extracellular fluid increases blood volume. Analyzing Relationship of Sodium Intake with Hypertension Incidence at Elderly Posyandu Tegowangi village Plemahan Sub-district of Kediri. The study was conducted at Elderly Posyandu addresses Tegowangi district of Plemahan Kediri Regency. Sample using random sampling. Research subjects were elderly who had high blood pressure. There was no significant relationship between sodium intake with hypertension ( 0.895 > 0.05 ) in Posyandu Lansia Tegowangi, Plemahan sub-district of Kediri. Because of other factors tha can affect the occurrence of hypertension in elderly. There is no Relationship of Sodium Intake with Hypertension Incidence at Elderly Posyandu Tegowangi village Plemahan Sub-district of Kediri. There needs to be counseling conducted posyandu about factors causing hypertension and foods high in sodium, to prevent the occurrence of hypertension in elderly.
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Maulen‐Radovan, Irene, Pedro Gutierrez‐Castrellón, Mohamed Hashem, et al. "Safety and Efficacy of a Premixed, Rice‐Based Oral Rehydration Solution." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 38, no. 2 (2004): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.2004.tb12135.x.
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ABSTRACTThe authors compared the safety and efficacy of a ready‐to‐use, premixed, rice‐based oral rehydration solution (R‐ORS) with a glucose‐based oral rehydration solution (G‐ORS), each containing 75 mmol/L sodium, in Mexican children with acute diarrhea for less than 5 days.MethodsOne hundred eighty‐nine boys 3 to 24 months old admitted to the hospital with acute diarrhea and signs of dehydration were randomly assigned to receive either G‐ORS or R‐ORS. Intake and output were measured every 3 hours.ResultsIn the group treated with R‐ORS, significantly fewer patients required supplemental intravenous fluids during the rehydration phase compared to the G‐ORS group (1%v 8.7%; P < 0.01). Mean stool output, percent weight gain, ORS intake, urine output, and number of patients who vomited during rehydration were similar in the two groups. The mean total stool output after the first 24 hours of maintenance phase was significantly lower in the R‐ORS group than in the G‐ORS group.ConclusionsThe authors found rice‐based ORS to be safe, and its use reduced the rate of intravenous fluid therapy in comparison with the use of a glucose‐based ORS.
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Vandenbogaerde, Johan, Erve Matthys, Jan Everaert, Francis Colardyn, and Norbert Lameire. "The Influence of Dialysate Exchange on Cardiac Output in CAPD Patients." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 7, no. 4 (1987): 242–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686088700700408.
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The influence of a peritoneal dialysate exchange on cardiac output (CO) in the setting of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), was studied in 12 patients before, during and between two consecutive exchanges. The two exchanges only differed in that, during the second exchange, the patients were more dehydrated because fluid intake was forbidden during the study -mean sum of volume loss between the two exchanges: 319 ± 86 ml/min. During the first exchange, neither removal and instillation of dialysate resulted in significant hemodynamic alterations. During the second exchange, the removal of dialysate resulted in an increase of CO (from 5.7 ± 0.4 l/min to 6.2 ± 0.5 l/min, p < 0.05) and the instillation of fresh dialysate in a decrease of CO (from 6.2 ± 0.5 l/min to 5.8 ± 0.5 l/min, p < 0.05). It is concluded that, in the setting of CAPD, a dialysate exchange does not result in significant hemodynamic alterations, unless the patient's fluid intake has been restricted. Furthermore, the hemodynamic alterations were not more pronounced in those patients with low body weight, despite the use of the same dialysate volume.
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Winzeler, Bettina Felicitas, Clara Odilia Sailer, David Coynel, et al. "GLP1 Receptor Agonists Reduce Fluid Intake in Primary Polydipsia." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A514—A515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1052.
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Abstract Background Primary polydipsia, characterized by excessive fluid intake, carries the risk of water intoxication and hyponatremia, but treatment options are scarce. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) reduces appetite and food intake. In experimental models, they also play a role in thirst and drinking behavior in. The aim of this trial was to investigate whether GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce fluid intake in patients with primary polydipsia. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-week crossover-trial, 34 patients with primary polydipsia received weekly dulaglutide (Trulicity®) 1.5mg and placebo (0.9% sodium chloride). During the last treatment week, patients attended an 8-hour evaluation visit with free water access. The primary endpoint was total fluid intake during the evaluation visits. The treatment effect was estimated using a linear mixed-effects model. In a subset of 15 patients and matched controls, thirst perception and neuronal activity in response to beverage pictures were assessed by functional MRI. Results Median [IQR] total fluid intake was 2250ml [1600-2600] on dulaglutide versus 2400ml [1850-3400] on placebo. Patients on dulaglutide reduced fluid intake by 490ml [95%-CI -780, -199], p=0.002, corresponding to a relative reduction of 17%. 24-hour urinary output was reduced by -943ml [95%-CI -1473, -413]. Thirst perception in response to beverage pictures was higher in patients with primary polydipsia versus controls and lower on dulaglutide versus placebo, but functional neuronal activity was similar between groups and treatments. Conclusion: GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce fluid intake and thirst perception in patients with primary polydipsia and could therefore be a novel treatment option for these patients.
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Evans, Gethin H., Susan M. Shirreffs, and Ronald J. Maughan. "Postexercise rehydration in man: the effects of carbohydrate content and osmolality of drinks ingested ad libitum." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 34, no. 4 (2009): 785–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h09-065.
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The effectiveness of different carbohydrate solutions in restoring fluid balance in situations of voluntary fluid intake has not been examined previously. The effect of the carbohydrate content of drinks ingested after exercise was examined in 6 males and 3 females previously dehydrated by 1.99 ± 0.07% of body mass via intermittent exercise in the heat. Beginning 30 min after the cessation of exercise, subjects drank ad libitum for a period of 120 min. Drinks contained 31 mmol·L–1 Na+ as NaCl and either 0%, 2%, or 10% glucose with mean ± SD osmolalities of 74 ± 1, 188 ± 3, and 654 ± 4 mosm·kg–1, respectively. Blood and urine samples were collected before and after exercise, midway through rehydration, and throughout a 5 h recovery period. Total fluid intake was not different among trials (0%: 2258 ± 519 mL; 2%: 2539 ± 436 mL; 10%: 2173 ± 252 mL; p = 0.173). Urine output was also not different among trials (p = 0.160). No differences among trials were observed in net fluid balance or in the fraction of the ingested drink retained. In conclusion, in situations of voluntary fluid intake, hypertonic carbohydrate-electrolyte solutions are as effective as hypotonic carbohydrate-electrolyte solutions at restoring whole-body fluid balance.
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Disher, Alice E., Kelly L. Stewart, Aaron J. E. Bach, and Ian B. Stewart. "Contribution of Dietary Composition on Water Turnover Rates in Active and Sedentary Men." Nutrients 13, no. 6 (2021): 2124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13062124.
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Body water turnover is a marker of hydration status for measuring total fluid gains and losses over a 24-h period. It can be particularly useful in predicting (and hence, managing) fluid loss in individuals to prevent potential physical, physiological and cognitive declines associated with hypohydration. There is currently limited research investigating the interrelationship of fluid balance, dietary intake and activity level when considering body water turnover. Therefore, this study investigates whether dietary composition and energy expenditure influences body water turnover. In our methodology, thirty-eight males (19 sedentary and 19 physically active) had their total body water and water turnover measured via the isotopic tracer deuterium oxide. Simultaneous tracking of dietary intake (food and fluid) is carried out via dietary recall, and energy expenditure is estimated via accelerometery. Our results show that active participants display a higher energy expenditure, water intake, carbohydrate intake and fibre intake; however, there is no difference in sodium or alcohol intake between the two groups. Relative water turnover in the active group is significantly greater than the sedentary group (Mean Difference (MD) [95% CI] = 17.55 g·kg−1·day−1 [10.90, 24.19]; p = < 0.001; g[95% CI] = 1.70 [0.98, 2.48]). A penalised linear regression provides evidence that the fibre intake (p = 0.033), water intake (p = 0.008), and activity level (p = 0.063) predict participants’ relative body water turnover (R2= 0.585). In conclusion, water turnover is faster in individuals undertaking regular exercise than in their sedentary counterparts, and is, in part, explained by the intake of water from fluid and high-moisture content foods. The nutrient analysis of the participant diets indicates that increased dietary fibre intake is also positively associated with water turnover rates. The water loss between groups also contributes to the differences observed in water turnover; this is partly related to differences in sweat output during increased energy expenditure from physical activity.
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Fatmawati, Eny, Diah Rumekti Hadiati, and Heru Pradjatmo. "Hubungan Asupan Cairan Ibu Hamil terhadap Indeks Cairan Amnion." Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi 5, no. 2 (2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jkr.38549.
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Introduction: Adequate amniotic fluid volume is a requirement for intra uterine fetal development and good pregnancy outputs / neonatal. Adequate intake of fluid in pregnant women can increase both the amniotic fluid index on oligohydramniotic or normoamniotic, but the scientific basis for the adequacy of the recommended daily fluid have not clear yet. Furthermore, the fluid intake counseling in addition to nutrition for pregnant women is neededObjective: To determine the fluid intake in pregnant women and the mean difference of amniotic fluid index on adequate fluid intake compared to less fluid intake.Methods: This research used prospective observational cohort study, conducted against the third semester pregnant women in Puskesmas Mergangsan and Tegalrejo Yogyakarta during July until September 2014. The subjects who met the inclusion criteria were divided into adequate and less fluid intake groups. The correlation between fluid intake and amniotic fluid index was analyzed using t-test and linear regression.Result and Discussion: The total subjects who met the criteria were 27 people, consist of 12 people in adequate fluid intake group and 15 people in less fluid intake group. The mean of subject’s fluid intake 2078 ml (enough), while the mean of amniotic fluid index (AFI) 12,76 cm (normoamniotic).The result showed that there was a significant difference (3,50 cm (IK 95%; 1,5-5,48); P < 0,05) between the mean of AFI from adequate fluid intake group compared to less fluid intake group . Simple linear regression test showed the effect of fluid intake for AFI namely 31,7%; with the amount of predicted AFI = 10,686 + 3,545 x fluid intake – 1,015 x age – 1,317 x education + 0,314 x occupation (ARS= 44,5%). External variables (age, education, and occupation) had no significant effect for AFI .Conclusion : The mean preview of fluid intake in the third semester pregnant women in Yogyakarta was adequate. Moreover, there was a AFI signifficant difference between adequate fluid intake compared to less fluid intake. Keywords: fluid intake; amniotic fluid index; AFI
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Vukasinovic-Vesic, Milica, Marija Andjelkovic, Tamara Stojmenovic, Nenad Dikic, Marija Kostic, and Djordje Curcic. "Sweat rate and fluid intake in young elite basketball players on the FIBA Europe U20 Championship." Vojnosanitetski pregled 72, no. 12 (2015): 1063–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp140408073v.
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Background/Aim. Previous investigations in many sports indicated that continued exercise, especially in hot environments, can cause high sweat rate and huge water and electrolyte losses, thus impairing the performance of athletes. Most these studies were conducted during training sessions, but rarely during an official competition. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine pre- and post-competition hydration, fluid intake and sweat loss of young elite basketball players during the FIBA Europe U20 Championship. Methods. The study included 96 basketball male players, (19 ? 0.79 years) of eight national teams. Ambient temperature was 30 ? 2?C, humidity 55 ? 4% and the mean playing time in game 18.8 ? 10.5 min. The following parameters related to hydration status were measured: fluid intake, urine output, sweat rate, percent of dehydration, urine parameters (specific gravity, color and osmolarity), body mass and body surface area. Results. We found that the mean fluid intake was 1.79 ? 0.8 L/h, sweat rate 2.7 ? 0.9 L/h, urine output 55 ? 61 mL and the percentage of dehydration 0.99 ? 0.7%. According to urine osmolarity more than 75% of players were dehydrated before the game and the process continued during the game. The difference in body mass (0.9 ? 0.7 kg) before and after the game was statistically significant. There were statistically significant correlations between the sweat rate and fluid intake, urine osmolarity, body mass loss, body surface area and percentage of dehydration. Fluid intake correlated with the percentage of dehydration, body mass loss, urine specific gravity and urine color. The sweat rate, which varied between the teams, was the highest for centers when this parameter was calculated on the effective time in game. Conclusion. Most of the athletes start competition dehydrated, fail to compensate sweat loss during the game and continue to be dehydrated, regardless what kind of drink was used. These results suggest that hydration strategies must be carefully taken into account, not only by the players, but also by the coaches and the team doctors.
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Yu, Zhuo Lin, and Lisa Fisher. "Beer Potomania: Why Initial Fluid Resuscitation May Be Harmful." Case Reports in Nephrology 2022 (April 22, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8778304.
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Beer potomania is one of the less common causes of hyponatremia that we encounter. Patients usually have a recent history of binge drinking along with poor diet. The low solute content in alcoholic beverages limits daily urine output, and ingestion of extra fluid will cause dilutional hyponatremia as a result. Blindly providing intravenous fluid without an underlying cause of the hyponatremia can be detrimental, such as in patients with beer potomania. In our case, a patient presented to the emergency department due to poor oral intake from jaw pain and was found to be hyponatremic from alcohol intake. He initially received 2 liters of fluid, which caused overcorrection of his sodium, requiring more free water to lower his sodium as a result.
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Burkett, Melissa Styan. "Daily weight monitoring for inpatients receiving chemotherapy." Nursing 54, no. 6 (2024): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nsg.0000000000000012.
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Abstract: Unlike intake and output documentation, which is often inaccurate and inconsistent, daily weight measurement is a reliable method to assess fluid volume status. Daily weight assessment and monitoring are crucial for preventing volume overload in patients receiving chemotherapy in the inpatient setting.
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VEA, Eta, Akong E.R, Bassah N., and Amahnui G. "Nurses’ Practices of Input and Output Monitoring of Patients on Intravenous Fluid Therapy within Fako Division." Universal Library of Clinical Nursing 01, no. 01 (2024): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.70315/uloap.ulcnu.2024.0101003.
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Background: Alternative routes of fluid administration such as intravenous access can deliver fluids directly to the vascular system for hospitalised patients who might have a reason for not tolerating oral intake. Too much or too little fluid can have a negative impact on patient outcomes; hence, careful titration of fluid administered is required. Previous studies have shown that majority of fluid balance records were incorrectly calculated or poorly documented. Aim: To investigate nurses’ practices of input/output monitoring of patients on intravenous fluid (IVF) therapy in the medical and surgical wards in hospitals within Fako Division, Cameroon. Methods: This study employed a retrospective and cross sectional design, data was collected using a structured questionnaire to assess nurses’ knowledge of fluid input/output monitoring from May to June 2021. In addition, a checklist was used to conduct an audit of 671 patients’ files and 76 nurses took part in the study. Data was analysed with the aid of SPSS 25. A multi-linear regression analysis was done for knowledge and practices using demographic variables and factors affecting monitoring of patients to test relationships between categorical variables. All statistics were set at 95% confidence interval with a 5% margin of error. Results were presented using frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation to describe different characteristics. Results: 77.63% nurses’ could identify methods of assessing patients on IVF therapy. However, they lacked knowledge on laboratory indications of fluid overload (5.26%), fluid loss (1.32), symptoms of fluid gain (3.9%) and fluid depletion (2.26). Their overall practice was 128(19.08%). Factors affecting monitoring of patients on intravenous fluid therapy were mainly workload 55(72.4%) and lack of measuring equipment 46(60.5%). Conclusion: Nurses’ in the medical and surgical wards in Fako Division lacked knowledge in certain areas of patients’ assessment about input/output monitoring of patients on IVF therapy and their practices were generally unsatisfactory. Qualification had a significant impact on nurses’ practices (P<0.05).
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Mantan, Mukta, Ruchi Goel, Deeksha Gupta, Bhawna Mahajan, and Monika Sethi. "Diet, Fluid Intake, Urine Output and Urinary Sodium/Potassium Ratios in Children With Urolithiasis." Indian Pediatrics 59, no. 9 (2022): 719–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13312-022-2603-5.
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Geesmann, Bjoern, Joachim Mester, and Karsten Koehler. "Energy Balance, Macronutrient Intake, and Hydration Status During a 1,230 km Ultra-Endurance Bike Marathon." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 24, no. 5 (2014): 497–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0169.
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Athletes competing in ultra-endurance events are advised to meet energy requirements, to supply appropriate amounts of carbohydrates (CHO), and to be adequately hydrated before and during exercise. In practice, these recommendations may not be followed because of satiety, gastrointestinal discomfort, and fatigue. The purpose of the study was to assess energy balance, macronutrient intake and hydration status before and during a 1,230-km bike marathon. A group of 14 well-trained participants (VO2max: 63.2 ± 3.3 ml/kg/min) completed the marathon after 42:47 hr. Ad libitum food and fluid intake were monitored throughout the event. Energy expenditure (EE) was derived from power output and urine and blood markers were collected before the start, after 310, 618, and 921 km, after the finish, and 12 hr after the finish. Energy intake (EI; 19,749 ± 4,502 kcal) was lower than EE (25,303 ± 2,436 kcal) in 12 of 14 athletes. EI and CHO intake (average: 57.1 ± 17.7 g/hr) decreased significantly after km 618 (p < .05). Participants ingested on average 392 ± 85 ml/hr of fluid, but fluid intake decreased after km 618 (p < .05). Hydration appeared suboptimal before the start (urine specific gravity: 1.022 ± 0.010 g/ml) but did not change significantly throughout the event. The results show that participants failed to maintain in energy balance and that CHO and fluid intake dropped below recommended values during the second half of the bike marathon. Individual strategies to overcome satiety and fatigue may be necessary to improve eating and drinking behavior during prolonged ultra-endurance exercise.
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Datta, Rashmi Rasi, Parul Singla, Seema Bhargava, Anjali Manocha, and Mamta Kankra. "Psychogenic polydipsia: A diagnostic challenge." Current Medicine Research and Practice 14, no. 1 (2024): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_210_23.
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ABSTRACT Primary polydipsia (PP) is a disorder that is clinically characterised by excessive thirst accompanied by increased fluid intake and subsequent excessive excretion of urine without an obvious cause. PP in childhood due to psychogenic causes is a rare condition and may be more prevalent than thought. The differential diagnosis of polydipsia and polyuria is broad due to extensive associated disease spectrum, including renal, endocrine, and neurological diseases. Furthermore, differentiating PP from diabetes insipidus (DI) is essential because the treatment of the latter could be deleterious in patients with PP. We present the case of a 3-year-old boy who presented with psychogenic polydipsia. In the present case, the child was started on desmopressin, considering it a case of DI, in view of the history of increased water intake and urinary output. However, a detailed psychological assessment of the child revealed the case to be an autism spectrum disorder. Subsequently, desmopressin was discontinued, and there was a rapid normalisation of fluid intake along with significant reduction in the urine output after starting psychological intervention and implementing strict water restriction. This confirmed the diagnosis as a case of psychogenic polydipsia, which is a common occurrence in children with developmental disorders.
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O’Hara, John Paul, Benjamin Lee Jones, Costas Tsakirides, Sean Carroll, Carlton Brian Cooke, and Roderick Frederick Gerardus Joseph King. "Hydration status of rugby league players during home match play throughout the 2008 Super League season." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 35, no. 6 (2010): 790–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h10-077.
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The hydration status of rugby league players during competitive home match play was assessed throughout the 2008 Super League season. Fourteen players from 2 Super League clubs were monitored (72 observations). On arrival, 2 h prior to kick off, following normal prematch routines, players’ body mass were measured following a urine void. Prematch fluid intake, urine output, and osmolality were assessed until kick off, with additional measurements at half time. Fluid intake was also monitored during match play for club B only, and final measurements of variables were made at the end of the match. Mean body mass loss per match was 1.28 ± 0.7 kg (club A, 1.15 kg; club B, 1.40 kg), which would equate to an average level of dehydration of 1.31% (mass loss, assumed to be water loss, expressed as a percentage of body mass), with considerable intra-individual coefficient of variation (CV, 47%). Mean fluid intake for club B was 0.64 ± 0.5 L during match play, while fluid loss was 2.0 ± 0.7 L, with considerable intra-individual CV (51% and 34%, respectively). Mean urine osmolality was 396 ± 252 mosm·kg−1 on arrival, 237 ± 177 mosm·kg−1 prematch, 315 ± 133 mosm·kg−1 at half time, and 489 ± 150 mosm·kg−1 postmatch. Body mass losses were primarily a consequence of body fluid losses not being completely balanced by fluid intake. Furthermore, these data show that there is large inter- and intra-individual variability of hydration across matches, highlighting the need for future assessment of individual relevance.
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Al-Sharai, Abdo Ali, Chin Fhong Soon, Chan Hwang See, See Khee Yee, Kian Sek Tee, and Mohammed Abdul Wahab. "MODELLING OF CO-AXIAL AND TRI-AXIAL MILLI-FLUIDIC DEVICES FOR CO-EXTRUSION OF SEMI-SOLID SOLIDS." ASEAN Engineering Journal 13, no. 2 (2023): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/aej.v13.18953.
Full textAbstract:
With the use of a milli-fluidics device, it is possible to manipulate small amounts of fluid in the millimeter range with pinpoint accuracy. The milli-fluidics are currently lacking in studies of the relationship between fluid viscosity, output velocity and output pressure. Thus, this study examines the effects of viscosity on fluid dynamics in the co-axial and tri-axial milli-fluidics. This geometry of the co-axial and tri-axial milli-fluidics consist of single outlet, two inlets and three inlets, respectively. The tri-axial milli-fluidics is 46 mm long and 11.31 mm wide, while, the coaxial milli-fluidic is 64.73 mm long and 9.2 mm wide. The co-axial milli-fluidics constituted of 775 domain elements and 147 boundary elements, while, the tri-axial milli-fluidics mesh constituted of 1518 domain elements and 178 boundary elements. Laminar flow was observed for the flow of the materials through the channels. When the dynamic viscosity approaches 5 mPa.s, the simulation reveals that the flow rate is inversely proportional to the dynamic viscosity for co-axial milli-fluidics. It was difficult to combine fluids with different viscosities with small volume of water in a narrow boundary, thus the parallel flow of material was observed. When using the one outlet channel for the tri-axial milli-fluidics, the assemble pressure at the three inlets was decreased compared with co-axial milli-fluidic. Even when the dynamic velocity of the fluid at outlet 1 increased, its velocity remained consistent. An extruder using tri-axial milli-fluidics can be used if the interfacial tension for intake 1 is higher than for inlet 2 and the dynamic viscosity of fluid 1 is above 2 mPas, according to the volumetric fraction model. The tri-axial milli-fluidic was found to be suitable for producing cladding of material with the balanced pressure from the two side channels.
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Raisingani, Manish, Resmy Palliyil Gopi, and Bina Shah. "Use of Chlorothiazide in the Management of Central Diabetes Insipidus in Early Infancy." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2407028.
Full textAbstract:
Management of central diabetes insipidus in infancy is challenging. The various forms of desmopressin, oral, subcutaneous, and intranasal, have variability in the duration of action. Infants consume most of their calories as liquids which with desmopressin puts them at risk for hyponatremia and seizures. There are few cases reporting chlorothiazide as a temporizing measure for central diabetes insipidus in infancy. A male infant presented on day of life 30 with holoprosencephaly, cleft lip and palate, and poor weight gain to endocrine clinic. Biochemical tests and urine output were consistent with central diabetes insipidus. The patient required approximately 2.5 times the normal fluid intake to keep up with the urine output. Patient was started on low renal solute load formula and oral chlorothiazide. There were normalization of serum sodium, decrease in fluid intake close to 1.3 times the normal, and improved urine output. There were no episodes of hyponatremia/hypernatremia inpatient. The patient had 2 episodes of hypernatremia in the first year of life resolving with few hours of hydration. Oral chlorothiazide is a potential bridging agent for treatment of central DI along with low renal solute load formula in early infancy. It can help achieve adequate control of DI without wide serum sodium fluctuations.
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Diachenko, M. I., and A. N. Temnov. "THE INVESTIGATION OF THE STABILITY OF THE PROPELLANT INTAKE IN CARRIER ROCKET WITH MONOPROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINE." Journal of Dynamics and Vibroacoustics 2, no. 2 (2015): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2409-4579-2015-2-2-27-33.
Full textAbstract:
The problem of propellant free oscillations in cylindrical and conical tanks is considered and solutions presented with boundary conditions on a free surface and the surface of intake which if speak figuratively provides a resistance to the fluid descent; the special attention was given to research influences the propellant intake on appearance Pogo effect. Such problems have come from the purpose to increase efficiency and output performance of the multistage cluster rockets by a central stage fueling from the side stages of a cluster.
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Ingelse, Sarah A., Marloes M. IJland, Lex M. van Loon, Reinout A. Bem, Job B. M. van Woensel, and Joris Lemson. "Early restrictive fluid resuscitation has no clinical advantage in experimental severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 320, no. 6 (2021): L1126—L1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00613.2020.
Full textAbstract:
Intravenous fluids are widely used to treat circulatory deterioration in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). However, the accumulation of fluids in the first days of PARDS is associated with adverse outcome. As such, early fluid restriction may prove beneficial, yet the effects of such a fluid strategy on the cardiopulmonary physiology in PARDS are unclear. In this study, we compared the effect of a restrictive with a liberal fluid strategy on a hemodynamic response and the formation of pulmonary edema in an animal model of PARDS. Sixteen mechanically ventilated lambs (2–6 wk) received oleic acid infusion to induce PARDS and were randomized to a restrictive or liberal fluid strategy during a 6-h period of mechanical ventilation. Transpulmonary thermodilution determined extravascular lung water (EVLW) and cardiac output (CO). Postmortem lung wet-to-dry weight ratios were obtained by gravimetry. Restricting fluids significantly reduced fluid intake but increased the use of vasopressors among animals with PARDS. Arterial blood pressure was similar between groups, yet CO declined significantly in animals receiving restrictive fluids ( P = 0.005). There was no difference in EVLW over time ( P = 0.111) and lung wet-to-dry weight ratio [6.1, interquartile range (IQR) = 6.0–7.3 vs. 7.1, IQR = 6.6–9.4, restrictive vs. liberal, P = 0.725] between fluid strategies. Both fluid strategies stabilized blood pressure in this model, yet early fluid restriction abated CO. Early fluid restriction did not limit the formation of pulmonary edema; therefore, this study suggests that in the early phase of PARDS, a restrictive fluid strategy is not beneficial in terms of immediate cardiopulmonary effects.
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Hebden, R. A., S. M. Gardiner, T. Bennett, and I. A. MacDonald. "The influence of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus on fluid and electrolyte handling in rats." Clinical Science 70, no. 1 (1986): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0700111.
Full textAbstract:
1. Intakes and urine outputs of fluid and electrolytes were measured daily in rats before, and for 3 weeks after, induction of diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg); control animals received saline. 2. Water intakes and urine outputs were increased on and after the first day after injection with STZ; after a transient period of negative water balance, fluid intakes and urine outputs increased in parallel. 3. Food intake was reduced for the first 3 days after injection of STZ but thereafter there was a steady increase. On the final experimental day, the food intake of the diabetic group was 60% greater than that of the control group. 4. Urinary electrolyte excretion was increased after injection of STZ; at the end of the experiment, the increase in urinary sodium excretion was similar to the increase in intake but the increase in urinary potassium excretion was less. 5. On day 21 after injection of STZ plasma sodium concentration and packed cell volume were significantly reduced in the diabetic group but plasma potassium concentration was not. 6. There was a difference between the measured osmolality and the calculated osmolarity of the plasma of the diabetic animals which was not seen in the controls. This difference was not due to pseudohyponatraemia, but was probably due to the presence of unidentified solutes, since there was a significant gap between the urinary osmolal and osmolar excretion in the diabetic animals that was not present in the control animals.