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1
Mendez, Miguel Alfonso, Maria Teresa Scelzo, Adriana Enache, and Jean-Marie Buchlin. "Fluidic Vectoring of a Planar Incompressible Jet Flow." EPJ Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 02065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818002065.
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This paper presents an experimental, a numerical and a theoretical analysis of the performances of a fluidic vectoring device for controlling the direction of a turbulent, bi-dimensional and low Mach number (incompressible) jet flow. The investigated design is the co-flow secondary injection with Coanda surface, which allows for vectoring angles up to 25° with no need of moving mechanical parts. A simple empirical model of the vectoring process is presented and validated via experimental and numerical data. The experiments consist of flow visualization and image processing for the automatic detection of the jet centerline; the numerical simulations are carried out solving the Unsteady Reynolds Average Navier- Stokes (URANS) closed with the k - ω SST turbulence model, using the PisoFoam solver from OpenFOAM. The experimental validation on three different geometrical configurations has shown that the model is capable of providing a fast and reliable evaluation of the device performance as a function of the operating conditions.
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Gomes, Paulo Veloso, António Marques, João Donga, Catarina Sá, António Correia, and Javier Pereira. "Adaptive Model for Biofeedback Data Flows Management in the Design of Interactive Immersive Environments." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 30, 2021): 5067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115067.
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The interactivity of an immersive environment comes up from the relationship that is established between the user and the system. This relationship results in a set of data exchanges between human and technological actors. The real-time biofeedback devices allow to collect in real time the biodata generated by the user during the exhibition. The analysis, processing and conversion of these biodata into multimodal data allows to relate the stimuli with the emotions they trigger. This work describes an adaptive model for biofeedback data flows management used in the design of interactive immersive systems. The use of an affective algorithm allows to identify the types of emotions felt by the user and the respective intensities. The mapping between stimuli and emotions creates a set of biodata that can be used as elements of interaction that will readjust the stimuli generated by the system. The real-time interaction generated by the evolution of the user’s emotional state and the stimuli generated by the system allows him to adapt attitudes and behaviors to the situations he faces.
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Bureneva, Olga, Mikhail Kupriyanov, and Nikolay Safyannikov. "Bit Streaming Processing Algorithms for Intelligent Hardware Converters." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 26, 2021): 4899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114899.
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The need to transfer the primary data conversions close to the sensors, to the endpoints of monitoring systems, as well as in IoT terminal devices makes the development of new approaches to computing and the design of appropriate algorithms relevant. The article shows stream processing algorithms that provide functional transformations of signals presented in bit stream form (single pulse streams, PWM signal streams) and binary codes at the same time. In such algorithms, the computational process is based on discretization, pulse frequency sweep and pulse-width sweep of codes as well as organization of parallel-serial processing. The suggested principles of algorithm organization are based on the fact that the computation is considered not as an event associated with calculation but as a continuous process of a result formation. The transition to algorithmic representations proposed by the authors makes it possible to obtain universal behavioral descriptions, independently of the specific hardware on which their implementation is performed.
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Ney, Peter, Lee Organick, Jeff Nivala, Luis Ceze, and Tadayoshi Kohno. "DNA Sequencing Flow Cells and the Security of the Molecular-Digital Interface." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2021, no. 3 (April 27, 2021): 413–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/popets-2021-0054.
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Abstract DNA sequencing is the molecular-to-digital conversion of DNA molecules, which are made up of a linear sequence of bases (A,C,G,T), into digital information. Central to this conversion are specialized fluidic devices, called sequencing flow cells, that distribute DNA onto a surface where the molecules can be read. As more computing becomes integrated with physical systems, we set out to explore how sequencing flow cell architecture can affect the security and privacy of the sequencing process and downstream data analysis. In the course of our investigation, we found that the unusual nature of molecular processing and flow cell design contributes to two security and privacy issues. First, DNA molecules are ‘sticky’ and stable for long periods of time. In a manner analogous to data recovery from discarded hard drives, we hypothesized that residual DNA attached to used flow cells could be collected and re-sequenced to recover a significant portion of the previously sequenced data. In experiments we were able to recover over 23.4% of a previously sequenced genome sample and perfectly decode image files encoded in DNA, suggesting that flow cells may be at risk of data recovery attacks. Second, we hypothesized that methods used to simultaneously sequence separate DNA samples together to increase sequencing throughput (multiplex sequencing), which incidentally leaks small amounts of data between samples, could cause data corruption and allow samples to adversarially manipulate sequencing data. We find that a maliciously crafted synthetic DNA sample can be used to alter targeted genetic variants in other samples using this vulnerability. Such a sample could be used to corrupt sequencing data or even be spiked into tissue samples, whenever untrusted samples are sequenced together. Taken together, these results suggest that, like many computing boundaries, the molecular-to-digital interface raises potential issues that should be considered in future sequencing and molecular sensing systems, especially as they become more ubiquitous.
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Chang, Tien Li, Chieh Fu Chang, Ya Wei Lee, Chun Hu Cheng, Cheng Ying Chou, and Meng Chi Huang. "Design of Self-Alignment Devices with Fluidic Self-Assembly for Flip Chip Packages in Batch Processing." Advanced Materials Research 918 (April 2014): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.918.79.
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An advanced LED multi-die-bonding integration using a fluidic self-assembly technique is proposed in the field of flip chip packages. Different form the conventional pick-and-place methods for a single LED die bonding, the fluidic approach is a relatively new design and a batch process, which can achieve not only die self-alignment but die self-assembly. Here, the size of LED die is 1-mm-square chip with the thickness of 0.3 mm. Due to the smaller size of LED die, the die-bonding process is still in need of finding a suitable approach and breakthrough. In this study, our design of fluidic self-assembly device is based on the experimental test and simulation results. The device design is the gas-flow channels with the magnetism. The width, height and length of each gas-flow channel are 1.1 mm, 0.5 mm, and 1 cm, respectively. With the restriction of the channel width, this structure design can control well to die self-alignment. In addition, the design of two circular structures in the channel can form a flat rim to achieve the die self-assemble. This mechanism of fluidic approach can be useful to the LED die self-alignment and self-assembly in the future batch processing.
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Castro-Martin, Ana Pamela, Horacio Ahuett-Garza, Darío Guamán-Lozada, Maria F. Márquez-Alderete, Pedro D. Urbina Coronado, Pedro A. Orta Castañon, Thomas R. Kurfess, and Emilio González de Castilla. "Connectivity as a Design Feature for Industry 4.0 Production Equipment: Application for the Development of an In-Line Metrology System." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 1312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031312.
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Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is built upon the capabilities of Internet of Things technologies that facilitate the recollection and processing of data. Originally conceived to improve the performance of manufacturing facilities, the field of application for I4.0 has expanded to reach most industrial sectors. To make the best use of the capabilities of I4.0, machine architectures and design paradigms have had to evolve. This is particularly important as the development of certain advanced manufacturing technologies has been passed from large companies to their subsidiaries and suppliers from around the world. This work discusses how design methodologies, such as those based on functional analysis, can incorporate new functions to enhance the architecture of machines. In particular, the article discusses how connectivity facilitates the development of smart manufacturing capabilities through the incorporation of I4.0 principles and resources that in turn improve the computing capacity available to machine controls and edge devices. These concepts are applied to the development of an in-line metrology station for automotive components. The impact on the design of the machine, particularly on the conception of the control, is analyzed. The resulting machine architecture allows for measurement of critical features of all parts as they are processed at the manufacturing floor, a critical operation in smart factories. Finally, this article discusses how the I4.0 infrastructure can be used to collect and process data to obtain useful information about the process.
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Ardeleanu, Mihǎiţǎ Nicolae, Simona Mihai, Ruxandra Vidu, Emil Mihai Diaconu, and Ileana Nicoleta Popescu. "Design of Microfluidic Device and Measurements of MPWM for Single Cell /Particle Manipulation." Scientific Bulletin of Valahia University - Materials and Mechanics 17, no. 16 (May 1, 2019): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsmm-2019-0006.
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Abstract A microfluidic device designated for measurement of fluidic flows with different viscosity, necessary within trapping/realising of cells/particles system has been developed. We use a new concept as Microfluidic Pulse Width Modulation (MPWM) for controlling transport of a single cell/particle. The image processing helped the nano-hydraulic volumes/flow rates measurement, through tracking inovative methods with the purpose to build a flow sensor. The device open an unique opportunitie for single cell study with applications in biomedical devices, tools for biochemistry or analytical systems.
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Catterton, Megan A., Alexander G. Ball, and Rebecca R. Pompano. "Rapid Fabrication by Digital Light Processing 3D Printing of a SlipChip with Movable Ports for Local Delivery to Ex Vivo Organ Cultures." Micromachines 12, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12080993.
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SlipChips are two-part microfluidic devices that can be reconfigured to change fluidic pathways for a wide range of functions, including tissue stimulation. Currently, fabrication of these devices at the prototype stage requires a skilled microfluidic technician, e.g., for wet etching or alignment steps. In most cases, SlipChip functionality requires an optically clear, smooth, and flat surface that is fluorophilic and hydrophobic. Here, we tested digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing, which is rapid, reproducible, and easily shared, as a solution for fabrication of SlipChips at the prototype stage. As a case study, we sought to fabricate a SlipChip intended for local delivery to live tissue slices through a movable microfluidic port. The device was comprised of two multi-layer components: an enclosed channel with a delivery port and a culture chamber for tissue slices with a permeable support. Once the design was optimized, we demonstrated its function by locally delivering a chemical probe to slices of hydrogel and to living tissue with up to 120 µm spatial resolution. By establishing the design principles for 3D printing of SlipChip devices, this work will enhance the ability to rapidly prototype such devices at mid-scale levels of production.
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Walsh, E. J., C. King, R. Grimes, A. Gonzalez, and D. Ciobanu. "Compatibility of Segmenting Fluids in Continuous-Flow Microfluidic PCR." Journal of Medical Devices 1, no. 4 (September 12, 2007): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812426.
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Continuous flow offers notable advantages over batch processing for analytical applications like gene expression profiling of biological material, which demands very high processing. The technology of choice for future genetic analyzers will most likely use the polymerase chain reaction (PCR); therefore, high-throughput, high-speed PCR devices have raised enormous interest. Continuous-flow, biphasic PCR can meet these requirements but segmenting∕carrier fluids chemically compatible with the PCR are needed. The present paper compares several fluids in terms of compatibility with PCR and fluidic dynamics in a continuous, two-phase flow microfluidic device, and PCR efficiency was assessed quantitatively. The results represent the first step toward rational fluid design for biphasic continuous PCR.
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Wu, Xing Cun, Gang Fu, and Ren Long Li. "Design and Implementation of Telemetry Data Post-Processing System." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 4165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.4165.
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This paper presents a post-hoc analysis of telemetry data processing systems, introduces the design ideas and composition structure of the system, discussed in detail the design and implementation of key technologies demodulation processing module and the module frame involved. System to achieve a recording deal with post hoc analysis of telemetry data, to solve the current telemetry signal reception playback devices, high maintenance costs, has some economic benefits.
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Galiautdinov, Rinat. "Design of Nano-Scale Devices Affecting Synapses." International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology Research 4, no. 2 (July 2019): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijanr.2019070104.
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The research describes the nano scale devices, their general architecture, and how they affect the synapses. Such devices, based on the new approach in artificial intelligence, will play a significant role in many spheres. The research also describes the architecture of the programming neuron built on the basis of a biological one. Unlike existing technical devices for implementing a neuron based on classical nodes oriented to binary processing, the proposed path is based on bit-parallel processing of numerical data (synapses) for obtaining result. The proposed approach of implementing a neuron can serve as a new elementary basis for the construction of neuron-based computers with a higher processing speed of biological information and good survivability.
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Kerkhoff, H. G., X. Zhang, F. Mailly, P. Nouet, H. Liu, and A. Richardson. "A Dependable Microelectronic Peptide Synthesizer Using Electrode Data." VLSI Design 2008 (August 5, 2008): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/437879.
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The research in the area of microelectronic fluidic devices for biomedical applications is rapidly growing. As faults in these devices can have serious personal implications, a system is presented which includes fault tolerance with respect to the synthesized biomaterials (peptides). It can employ presence and purity detection of peptide droplets via current (charge) tests of control electrodes or impedance (phase) measurements using direct sensing electrodes near the peptide collector area. The commercial multielectrode array performs better in pure and impure detection of peptides in impedance and phase. Our two-electrode X-MEF case shows slightly poorer results. In both cases the phase is the best choice for contents detection. If there are presence or purity problems, the location is marked, and repeated peptide synthesis at another collector site is initiated.
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Fries, David P., Stanislav Z. Ivanov, Heather Broadbent, Matthew Smith, George Steimle, and Ross Willoughby. "PCBMEMS as a Flexible Path to Devices and Systems across Spatial Scales." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2010, DPC (January 1, 2010): 000599–642. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2010dpc-ta23.
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PCBMEMS, within rigid or flexible laminates is desirable for miniaturization of devices and systems and provide substantial flexibility in systems design. PCBMEMS is the combined insertion of mechanical, fluidic, optical and electronic functions into the PCB landscape, which permits a complex system on a board. This design, fabrication and construction approach allows lightweight, complex, and space efficient systems. PCBMEMS permits miniaturization to occur at two levels: at the micro scale with the embedding of microstructures in the substrate, and at the macro scale with the ability to flex the system across millimeter to centimeter lengths of real everyday objects. Using this path PCBMEMS can approach the creativity and complexity of natural made systems. The use of PCBMEMS can also provide a path toward ultra large systems with high resolution features. With the ability to provide from the very small to the very large, PCBMEMS has a unique place in systems development in that the same processing pathway can enable Microsystems and macro systems. Examples will be given where the technology has enabled devices, systems and packaging innovation across several spatial scales. Environmental, medical, portable, embedded, and sensor systems all can be realized using this design and fabrication toolbox. The approach is affordable and can be used from prototyping to production and even in educational efforts.
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Paynter, H. M. "Representation of Measured Ejector Characteristics by Simple Eulerian Bond Graph Models." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 107, no. 4 (December 1, 1985): 258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3140732.
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Ejectors (or jet pumps) are highly reliable pure fluidic devices very commonly used in power plants, propulsion systems, petrochemical processes and other thermofluid systems. However, little off-design data has been available in a form suitable for dynamic simulation and control system design. Fortunately, concerns of the nuclear industry have recently led the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) to obtain, from their LOFT Test Support facility, ejector test data sufficiently extensive to formulate a complete model accurately describing all flow conditions. Thus an elementary fixed-constant bond graph structure will approximate complete ejector characteristics, while a model only slightly more complex fits all INEL data within experimental scatter.
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Lu, Xiao Lin. "Design and Implementation of Remote PSTN-Based Data Acquisition System." Advanced Materials Research 108-111 (May 2010): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.108-111.27.
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The Data Acquisition Systems (DAS) are the basis for building monitoring tools that enable the supervision of local and remote systems. A variety of communications and data transmission system has been adopted DAS to exchange information. The special-purpose DAS has a very important practical value. This paper presents the circuit and system design for a new micro type of remote data acquisition system. It consists of an integrated circuit, a phone dialer, modulation devices, central processing unit, buttons, input devices and display devices. The system and circuit design has been described in detail. It can be used to transmit data through the public switched telephone network. It is suitable for constructing a mini scale communication network at low cost for data acquisition through the PSTN.
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Haj Qasem, Mais, Alaa Abu-Srhan, Hutaf Natoureah, and Esra Alzaghoul. "Fog Computing Framework for Smart City Design." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 14, no. 01 (January 20, 2020): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i01.9762.
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Fog-computing is a new network architecture and computing paradigm that uses user or near-users devices (network edge) to carry out some processing tasks. Accordingly, it extends the cloud computing with more flexibility the one found in the ubiquitous networks. A smart city based on the concept of fog-computing with flexible hierarchy is proposed in this paper. The aim of the proposed design is to overcome the limitations of the previous approaches, which depends on using various network architectures, such as cloud-computing, autonomic network architecture and ubiquitous network architecture. Accordingly, the proposed approach achieves a reduction of the latency of data processing and transmission with enabled real-time applications, distribute the processing tasks over edge devices in order to reduce the cost of data processing and allow collaborative data exchange among the applications of the smart city. The design is made up of five major layers, which can be increased or merged according to the amount of data processing and transmission in each application. The involved layers are connection layer, real-time processing layer, neighborhood linking layer, main-processing layer, data server layer. A case study of a novel smart public car parking, traveling and direction advisor is implemented using IFogSim and the results showed that reduce the delay of real-time application significantly, reduce the cost and network usage compared to the cloud-computing paradigm. Moreover, the proposed approach, although, it increases the scalability and reliability of the users’ access, it does not sacrifice much time, nor cost and network usage compared to fixed fog-computing design.
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Zahoor, Saniya, and Roohie Naaz Mir. "Design and Modeling of Resource-constrained IoT based Body Area Networks." Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience 21, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.12694/scpe.v21i3.1770.
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Due to the recent advancement and development of sensing, wireless, and communication technologies, therehas been a shift in attention towards Body Area Networks (BANs). One of the most important services of BAN is the remote monitoring of patients, enabling doctors to observe, diagnose, and prescribe the patients without being physically present. Various vital signs are being monitored by body sensing devices installed inside, on or off the body of patients, but most of these devices are constrained in terms of resources such as storage, processing, bandwidth, and energy due to their smaller size. This paper aims at highlighting the key findings related to BAN applications, constrained resources, and various resource management techniques. The paper also presents the design and modeling of a resource-constrained BAN system and discusses the various scenarios of BAN in the context of resource constraints. It further proposes an Advanced Edge Clustering (AEC) approach to manage the resources such as energy, storage, and processing of BAN devices while performing real-time data capture of critical health parameters and detection of abnormal patterns. The comparison of the AEC approach is done with the Stable Election Protocol (SEP) through simulations and empirical data analysis. The results show an improvement in energy, processing time and storage requirements for the processing of data on BAN devices in AEC as compared to SEP.
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Tynynyka, A. N. "Design methods for reducing noise and interferences in channels with lumped parameters in high-speed data processing." Технология и конструирование в электронной аппаратуре, no. 1-2 (2019): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15222/tkea2019.1-2.10.
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The article is devoted to the methods and rules of electronic design of radio electronic devices, which provide high stability and electromagnetic compatibility. The author considers how interferences may be caused by the unsuccessful design decisions when constructing discrete-analog channels of information conversion. The paper gives practical recommendations for choosing appropriate element base, grounding and power sources. The urgency of these tasks is caused by the requirements for increasing the speed of semiconductor devices and electronic circuits in general and reducing the amplitude of the working signals of digital devices, as well as by the problems of increasing the impact of interconnections and the assembly of nodes on the stability and speed of electronic devices and systems, by the problems of reducing the production complexity, material and time consumption, and of finding and eliminating the causes of low noise immunity of electronic devices. With the growth of the speed and layout density of the elements, ensuring the immunity of the electromagnetic interaction between different devices and systems becomes the most important task in construing the radio electronic systems in general. When designing any electronic circuit, one should inevitably allow for addi¬tional parasitic parameters of resistive, inductive and capacitive nature, which may unacceptably impair the performance and noise immunity of the actual design, or even lead to complete loss of functionality. Design and installation have a particular effect on the work of super-high-speed (high frequency) circuits and de¬vices – here the provision of system speed, noise immunity and electromagnetic compatibility become the main criteria for the quality of electronic design. The analysis of the special characteristics of the element base and of the experience of designing power sources and grounding, should help the developers of the electronic devices to reduce the noise in the shaped channels of high-speed data processing
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Wan, Xiong, Dong Gang Yao, Zhi Min Zhang, Hua Ming Zhang, and Wen Bo Xiao. "Design of Data Acquisition System Based on DSP and Optical Fiber Bundle." Advanced Materials Research 629 (December 2012): 725–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.629.725.
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This paper introduces the design of a DSP-based acquisition system with high parallelism of the beam. The system uses fiber arrays connected to spatial filters as the detection devices. A TMS320LF2407A DSP is adopted as the primary embedded processor, which connects Analog to Digital (A/D) converters via I/O ports. Simultaneously, the processor realizes the parallel processing of data storage, transmission and calculation. The design of the main processor control module, the signal processing module and its corresponding software, are discussed in detail.
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Zhang, Yinghui, Jiangfan Zhao, Dong Zheng, Kaixin Deng, Fangyuan Ren, Xiaokun Zheng, and Jiangang Shu. "Privacy-Preserving Data Aggregation against False Data Injection Attacks in Fog Computing." Sensors 18, no. 8 (August 13, 2018): 2659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082659.
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As an extension of cloud computing, fog computing has received more attention in recent years. It can solve problems such as high latency, lack of support for mobility and location awareness in cloud computing. In the Internet of Things (IoT), a series of IoT devices can be connected to the fog nodes that assist a cloud service center to store and process a part of data in advance. Not only can it reduce the pressure of processing data, but also improve the real-time and service quality. However, data processing at fog nodes suffers from many challenging issues, such as false data injection attacks, data modification attacks, and IoT devices’ privacy violation. In this paper, based on the Paillier homomorphic encryption scheme, we use blinding factors to design a privacy-preserving data aggregation scheme in fog computing. No matter whether the fog node and the cloud control center are honest or not, the proposed scheme ensures that the injection data is from legal IoT devices and is not modified and leaked. The proposed scheme also has fault tolerance, which means that the collection of data from other devices will not be affected even if certain fog devices fail to work. In addition, security analysis and performance evaluation indicate the proposed scheme is secure and efficient.
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Virt, A. E., and A. P. Ivashchenko. "IMPROVING DESIGN PARAMETERS INERTIA LEVER IS ROLLED DEVICES." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 8(255) (August 31, 2021): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2021-8-255-16-21.
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He process of surface plastic deformation is accompanied by significant forces acting through the deforming element on the surface. These forces cause the quality and structural changes in the surface layer. To create a strain force in the tool used centrifugal forces generated during rotation of the tool from massive arms. Which, in turn, affect the deforming rollers. In order to prevent arbitrary displacement of the inertial instruments and as a result of displacement of the deforming rollers and the violation of specified sizes in the processing is necessary to pay due attention to their mountings. Method of attachment data inertial instruments and method of attachment of the deforming rollers and the inertial raskatnike covered in this article.
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Xu, Da Wei, Li Ping Yang, and Xiao Ming Chen. "Design and Implementation of Configurable RFID Middleware for Mobile Devices." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 1836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.1836.
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RFID middleware for massive data focused on the performance of server-side processing to bring pressure on the issue, a new for mobile devices can be flexibly configured RFID middleware (SMM). SMM can be used for mobile devices, has a better platform independence , can be deployed with multiple operating systems ; abstract objects by device , user via the user interface (UI) and a standard Web interface to control and manage a variety of mobile devices . Meanwhile, SMM also provides data synchronization. Experimental results show that, SMM has low energy consumption; high efficiency advantages can effectively reduce server stress and improve system performance.
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Kamburugamuve, Supun, Leif Christiansen, and Geoffrey Fox. "A Framework for Real Time Processing of Sensor Data in the Cloud." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/468047.
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We describe IoTCloud, a platform to connect smart devices to cloud services for real time data processing and control. A device connected to IoTCloud can communicate with real time data analysis frameworks deployed in the cloud via messaging. The platform design is scalable in connecting devices as well as transferring and processing data. With IoTCloud, a user can develop real time data processing algorithms in an abstract framework without concern for the underlying details of how the data is distributed and transferred. For this platform, we primarily consider real time robotics applications such as autonomous robot navigation, where there are strict requirements on processing latency and demand for scalable processing. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the system, a robotic application is developed on top of the framework. The system and the robotics application characteristics are measured to show that data processing in central servers is feasible for real time sensor applications.
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Tynynyka, A. N. "Reduction of noise and interference by rational selection of electronic components in lumped parameter channels at high speed data processing." Технология и конструирование в электронной аппаратуре, no. 3-4 (2019): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15222/tkea2019.3-4.10.
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When designing most electronic systems, the main focus is on the development of the devices themselves, while the problem of meeting the requirements for the interference protection usually take second place, which calls for a need in this particular study. The article is devoted to methods and rules for design of radio electronic devices, which reduce noise and interference. The author provides practical guidance in the issues of choosing components, installing cables and connectors, designing print nodes and interference filtering. The urgency of these tasks is caused by several principal reasons, i.e., the increase of the speed of semiconductor devices and electronic circuits in general, reducing the amplitudes of the working signals of digital devices, increasing effect of interconnects and cascade layouts on the stability and speed of electronic devices and systems, the complex, costly and time consuming process of finding and eliminating the causes of low noise immunity of electronic devices. With the speed growth and the layout density of the elements, ensuring the noise immunity of the electromagnetic interaction between different devices and systems becomes the most important task of designing the radio electronic systems in general. When designing any electronic circuit, additional resistive, inductive and capacitive parasitic parameters are inevitably introduced. This can critically affect the performance of the real-life design by lowering its speed and noise immunity, even leading to complete failure. Design and installation have a particularly strong influence on the operation of high-speed (high-frequency) circuits and devices. In such cases, system speed, noise immunity and electromagnetic compatibility become the main criteria for the quality of electronic design.
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Nissen, Helge, and Monique Janneck. "Layout Optimization for Online Questionnaires on Mobile Devices." International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction 12, no. 2 (April 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmhci.2020040101.
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Participants increasingly use mobile devices, especially smartphones, to fill out online questionnaires. However, standard questionnaire templates are often not optimized for presentation on smartphones, raising the question of whether an unfavorable layout may influence the survey results. In this study, interaction with questionnaires on different devices was investigated regarding processing time, data quality, and user experience of the questionnaire itself. Several standard and newly developed questionnaire layout templates were evaluated by means of an online study (N=301). Results show that processing times are higher on smartphones compared to desktop computers. However, there were no differences regarding data quality. The comparison of different mobile layouts among smartphone users revealed effects on processing time and user experience. Design recommendations are derived.
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Qiu, Ling, Zheng Xi Wei, and Yong Liu. "Framework Design for RFID Middleware." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 3290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.3290.
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RFID middleware is a key technology of Internet of things. It achieves data recognition and data filtering between hardware devices and software applications. A design scheme for RFID middleware framework is presented in the paper. According to functional analysis and layered design ideas, we define a hierarchy of RFID middleware and construct an application framework, in which RFID event manager module is responsible for processing data streams and RFID information service module is responsible for system integration. Simulation results verify the correctness of the design project. Its recognition rate, redundant data filtering capability and other performance indicators have reached the preset requirements.
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Do Nascimento, Paulo Sérgio Brandão, Stelita M. Da Silva, Jordana L. Seixas, Remy E. Sant’Anna, and Manoel E. De Lima. "Mapping of Massive Data Processing Systems to FPGA Computers Based on Temporal Partitioning and Design Space Exploration." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2, no. 1 (September 9, 2007): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v2i1.235.
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High parallelism degree is fundamental for high speed massive data processing systems. Modern FPGA devices can provide such parallelism plus flexibility. However, these devices are still limited by their logic block size, memory size, memory bandwidth and configuration time. Temporal partitioning techniques can be a solution for such problems when FPGAs are used to implement large systems. In this case, the system is split into partitions (called contexts), multiplexed in a FPGA, by using reconfiguration techniques. This approach can increase the effective area for system implementation, allowing increase of parallelism in each task that composes the application. However, the necessary reconfiguration time between contexts can cause performance decrease. A possible solution for this is an intensive parallelism exploration of massive data application to compensate for this overhead and improve global performance. This is true for modern FPGA with relatively high reconfiguration speed. In this work, A reconfigurable computer platform and design space exploration techniques are proposed for mapping of such massive data applications, as image processing, in FPGA devices, depending on the application task scheduling. A library with different hardware implementation for a different parallelism degree is used for better adjustment of space/time for each task. Experiments demonstrate the efficiency of this approach when compared to the optimal mapping reached by exhaustive timing search in the complete design space exploration. A design flow is shown based on library components that implements typical tasks used in the domain of applications.
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Ravim and Suma K. V. "Low Noise EEG Amplifier Board for Low Cost Wearable BCI Devices." International Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Engineering 5, no. 2 (July 2016): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbce.2016070102.
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Designing a real-time BCI device requires an Electroencephalogram (EEG) acquisition system and a signal processing system to process that acquired data. EEG acquisition boards available in market are expensive and they are required to be connected to computer for any processing work. Various low cost Digital Signal Processor (DSP) boards available in market come with internal Analog to Digital converters and peripheral interfaces. The idea is to design a low cost EEG amplifier board that can be used with these commercially available DSP boards. The analog data from EEG amplifier can be converted to digital data by DSP board and sent to computer via an interface for algorithm development and further control operations. EEG amplifiers are highly affected by noise from environment. Proper noise reduction techniques are implemented and simulated in circuit design. Each filter stage and noise reduction circuit is evaluated for a low noise design.
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Zhang, Yi Ting, Bin Wang, and Zhi Hui Zhang. "Design and Implementation of a Data Parsing Module for Power Information Equipment Log Management System." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 1092–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.1092.
Full textAbstract:
in order to manage the log information of Windows servers, Linux servers, network devices and security devices in a unified, so as to query log data, analysis and audit log data conveniently, a program is put forward, in which a variety of power system information devices log data be converted into a unified relational model and integrated into the database. The data parsing module uses the Windows Workflow procedure to select, clean and merge the massive log data. The database is created and operated by Microsoft SQL Server 2005 development platform. All of the log files have to be converted into a unified format and saved in centralized storage. Experiments and test results show that the module has a good efficiency of data processing and integration, and it greatly increases the proportion of valid data. It provides supports for efficient log auditing and fault diagnosis in the future.
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Eghbali, Zahra, and Mina Zolfy Lighvan. "A Hierarchical Approach for Accelerating IoT Data Management Process Based on SDN Principles." MENDEL 25, no. 1 (June 24, 2019): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.13164/mendel.2019.1.121.
Full textAbstract:
Internet of things is a new technology that connects billions of smart devices through the Internet. This important technology is heavily affecting different aspects of human life and plays an important role in variety of domains. The number of smart devices connecting to IoT and the amount of data gathered or produced by these devices are increasing. This large volume of data requires a lot of effort for processing and analysis. In order to organize, secure and balance the load in IoT, the novel and creative ideas for IoT design and management are required. Software Defined Networking is a new and promising paradigm and its main idea is to decouple the control and management operations from physical devices and setting them inside a logically centralized control layer. Due to its unique capabilities, SDN can be a good choice for managing dynamic and complicated networks such as IoT. In this paper, a distributed approach is proposed for accelerating data management and balancing the load between IoT devices. The proposed framework makes it possible to apply different kinds of management, security and load balancing strategies using a distributed control plane. Experimental results indicate that our scheme exhibits a reduction in the average turnaround time and the average waiting time and it will improve the processing performance. The proposed approach will also distribute tasks between devices, so that there will be no under-loaded device when a part of network is under the processing pressure.
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Zhang, Xinyi, Yawen Wu, Peipei Zhou, Xulong Tang, and Jingtong Hu. "Algorithm-hardware Co-design of Attention Mechanism on FPGA Devices." ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 20, no. 5s (October 31, 2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3477002.
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Multi-head self-attention (attention mechanism) has been employed in a variety of fields such as machine translation, language modeling, and image processing due to its superiority in feature extraction and sequential data analysis. This is benefited from a large number of parameters and sophisticated model architecture behind the attention mechanism. To efficiently deploy attention mechanism on resource-constrained devices, existing works propose to reduce the model size by building a customized smaller model or compressing a big standard model. A customized smaller model is usually optimized for the specific task and needs effort in model parameters exploration. Model compression reduces model size without hurting the model architecture robustness, which can be efficiently applied to different tasks. The compressed weights in the model are usually regularly shaped (e.g. rectangle) but the dimension sizes vary (e.g. differs in rectangle height and width). Such compressed attention mechanism can be efficiently deployed on CPU/GPU platforms as their memory and computing resources can be flexibly assigned with demand. However, for Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), the data buffer allocation and computing kernel are fixed at run time to achieve maximum energy efficiency. After compression, weights are much smaller and different in size, which leads to inefficient utilization of FPGA on-chip buffer. Moreover, the different weight heights and widths may lead to inefficient FPGA computing kernel execution. Due to the large number of weights in the attention mechanism, building a unique buffer and computing kernel for each compressed weight on FPGA is not feasible. In this work, we jointly consider the compression impact on buffer allocation and the required computing kernel during the attention mechanism compressing. A novel structural pruning method with memory footprint awareness is proposed and the associated accelerator on FPGA is designed. The experimental results show that our work can compress Transformer (an attention mechanism based model) by 95x. The developed accelerator can fully utilize the FPGA resource, processing the sparse attention mechanism with the run-time throughput performance of 1.87 Tops in ZCU102 FPGA.
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I.S., Kryukov, Kozyr D.V., and Mukhamedov K.A. "Modernization of the Data Processing Device for the Boron Concentration Meter." KnE Engineering 3, no. 3 (February 21, 2018): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/keg.v3i3.1607.
Full textAbstract:
Currently all nuclear power plants with VVER -reactors used data measuring systems called a Boron Concentration Meter (NAR). They are necessary for the boron control implementation. NAR consists of sensors and auxiliary devices, and it includes the device of storage and data processing (UNO). Both the rapid evolution of computer architectures, and associated microprocessor hardware updates in the electronics market create a necessity of a new device development. The main design goals both are to optimize the hardware solutions and to use a new software and algorithmic capabilities. However, another development goal is not only the upgrading of circuitry and software, but the optimization of calibration process in the NAR and testing it.
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Xiong, Zhi Wen, Chen Guang Xu, and Hong Zeng. "Design and Implement of Data Acquisition System Based on Reconfigurable Computing." Advanced Materials Research 546-547 (July 2012): 1393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.546-547.1393.
Full textAbstract:
Data acquisition begins with the physical phenomenon or physical property to be measured. Examples of this include temperature, gas pressure, and light intensity, and force, fluid flow, regardless of the type of physical property to be measured. Physical property converted into digital, and then by the computer for storage, processing, display or printing process, the corresponding system is called data acquisition system. With the rapid development of computer technology, data acquisition systems quickly gained popularity. A variety of products based on digital technology have been created. Digital System spread quickly; it’s mainly the following two advantages: the first is the digital processing flexible and convenient; the second is a digital system is very reliable. The main idea of Reconfigurable computing technology [1] is using the FPGA [2][3] allows the system has a dynamically configurable capacity, suitable for harsh environment applications, improve the speed of data processing. By the use of dynamic reconfigurable FPGA devices can be realized on the hardware logic function modification, application of reconfigurable computing technology can improve the speed of data processing. Data acquisition system is widely applied in many fields, and often used the abominable working environment place. The reconfigurable computing technology, can greatly improve the data acquisition system reliability and safety. The paper introduces a kind of multi-channel data acquisition system based on USB bus and FPGA, the factors affecting the performance of system are discussed, and describes how to use reconfigurable computing technology to improve the efficiency of data acquisition system while reduce energy consumption. The system in this paper uses AD's AD9220, ALTERA's EP1C6-8 and IDT's IDT70V24, Cypress’s CY7C68013.
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Triwiyanto, T., Sari Luthfiyah Torib, S. Sumber, Andjar Pudji, Abd Kholiq, Bedjo Utomo, Triana Rahmawati, and Dyah Titisari. "A Review: Sensory System, Data Processing, Actuator Type on a Hand Exoskeleton Design." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 50 (April 2021): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.50.39.
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A rehabilitation device for a post-stroke is essential because stroke attacks can cause disable to part or half of the human body. An exoskeleton could be a vital device for rehabilitation for a post-stroke patient. Several studies have proposed the exoskeleton design for rehabilitation purposes to a human limb disorder. This study aims to review the state-of-the-art of hand exoskeleton devices based on myoelectric or any other sensors. This paper is expected to contribute to design a hand exoskeleton device using both myoelectric and force sensors. This was achieved by reviewing several articles related to the development of the exoskeleton, especially in the sensor system, data processing, and actuator system. The results show that the use of Ag electrode disposable Ag (AgCl) is still commonly found to detect the movement of the fingers on the hand because this sensor can reduce the artifact noise. The use of myo-armband is also found in several studies because it has wireless properties so that it is easy to use. In terms of processors, Arduino microcontrollers are more widely used than others. In order to activate the hand exoskeleton, servo motors are more widely used to actuate the finger joints, which is more precise than other actuators. In a further development, integration between exoskeleton systems and information systems will be an expected challenge. Furthermore, hopefully, the development of this exoskeleton can be applied as a rehabilitation device for patients with malfunction or hand paralysis.
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Landmann, Christoph, and Rolf Kall. "Graphical Hardware Description as a High-Level Design Entry Method for FPGA-Based Data Acquisition Systems." Key Engineering Materials 613 (May 2014): 296–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.613.296.
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Probably one of the most significant developments in the field of software-defined multifunction data acquisition systems and devices is the employment of FPGA (Field-Programmable GateArray) technology, resulting in a tremendous digital processing potential close to the I/O pin. FPGA technology is based on reconfigurable semiconductor devices which can be employed as processing targets in heterogeneous computing architectures for a variety of data acquisition applications. They can primarily be characterized by generic properties, such as deterministic execution, inherent parallelism, fast processing speed and high availability, stability and reliability. Therefore FPGAs areparticularly suitable for use in “intelligent” data acquisition applications that require either in-line digital signal co-processing or real-time system emulation in the field of advanced control, protocol aware communication, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) as well as RF and wireless test. From the perspective of a domain expert however, primarily being focused on developing applications and algorithms, simple and intuitive design entry methods and tools are required that facilitate the FPGA configuration and design entry process. Traditional FPGA design entry methods and commercially available tools assume a comprehensive knowledge of hardware description languages (HDL),such as VHDL or Verilog®, and implement a process or function at register-level. In contrast, graphical hardware description languages for FPGAs, such as the integrated development environment NI LabVIEW® with FPGA module extension, abstract the design process by means of graphical objects, I/O nodes and interconnecting wires that represent the FPGA’s IP and implement processes, timing, I/O integration and data flow. This paper discusses the advantages of graphical system design for FPGAs over text-based alternatives, introduces interfaces for the integration of 3rd party IP, all backed up by a detailed illustration of a COTS FPGA-based multifunction DAQ target compared to a traditional DAQ architecture.
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Maris, Pasquale, Matteo Cacciola, Filippo Laganà, and Diego Pellicanò. "About Processing of Exponentially Damped Signals." International Journal of Measurement Technologies and Instrumentation Engineering 2, no. 2 (April 2012): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmtie.2012040103.
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Exponentially damped signals, generally provided by specific sensors, are of great interest because they are used in various applications (e.g., laser detectors, biomedical devices, particle physics, study of vibrations). The aim of this work is to design, build and characterize a small device (the use of the term “board” would be very reductive) which can acquire and process this kind of signals. Within the actual framework of devices for this purpose, the innovation the authors introduce is related to the “intelligence” included within the device, based on inherent requirements associated with their use. The current proposal, opportunely tuned, could be also applied to a number of different applications. The above signals are generally processed using both hardware and software features. But hardware procedure allows to process large data-based signals. One of the most advantage of their work is related to the use of such a board for portable apparatuses.
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Michel, Oliver, Roberto Bifulco, Gábor Rétvári, and Stefan Schmid. "The Programmable Data Plane." ACM Computing Surveys 54, no. 4 (July 2021): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447868.
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Programmable data plane technologies enable the systematic reconfiguration of the low-level processing steps applied to network packets and are key drivers toward realizing the next generation of network services and applications. This survey presents recent trends and issues in the design and implementation of programmable network devices, focusing on prominent abstractions, architectures, algorithms, and applications proposed, debated, and realized over the past years. We elaborate on the trends that led to the emergence of this technology and highlight the most important pointers from the literature, casting different taxonomies for the field, and identifying avenues for future research.
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Zhou, Feichi, Jiewei Chen, Xiaoming Tao, Xinran Wang, and Yang Chai. "2D Materials Based Optoelectronic Memory: Convergence of Electronic Memory and Optical Sensor." Research 2019 (August 21, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2019/9490413.
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The continuous development of electron devices towards the trend of “More than Moore” requires functional diversification that can collect data (sensors) and store (memories) and process (computing units) information. Considering the large occupation proportion of image data in both data center and edge devices, a device integration with optical sensing and data storage and processing is highly demanded for future energy-efficient and miniaturized electronic system. Two-dimensional (2D) materials and their heterostructures have exhibited broadband photoresponse and high photoresponsivity in the configuration of optical sensors and showed fast switching speed, multi-bit data storage, and large ON/OFF ratio in memory devices. In addition, its ultrathin body thickness and transfer process at low temperature allow 2D materials to be heterogeneously integrated with other existing materials system. In this paper, we overview the state-of-the-art optoelectronic random-access memories (ORAMs) based on 2D materials, as well as ORAM synaptic devices and their applications in neural network and image processing. The ORAM devices potentially enable direct storage/processing of sensory data from external environment. We also provide perspectives on possible directions of other neuromorphic sensor design (e.g., auditory and olfactory) based on 2D materials towards the future smart electronic systems for artificial intelligence.
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Hu, Peng Fei, Yu Xiang Yuan, Zhi Juan Qu, and Xue Ping Jiang. "System on Chip Design for Multi-Principle of Relay Protection in the FPGA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 857–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.857.
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To improve the reliability and integration of relay protection devices in power, the system on chip design for multi-principle of relay protection on FPGA is proposed. The data acquisition, digital signal processing, hardware protection algorithm, FPGA and MCU process scheduling, MCU and peripheral devices communication are designed, the hardware compilation model is set up by QuartusII on FPGA, and the simulation and experimental verification are performed. The results show that the proposed system can improve the speed of hardware protection and reduce the volume of the device, and has reconstruction on architecture.
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Gnyba, M., J. Smulko, A. Kwiatkowski, and P. Wierzba. "Portable Raman spectrometer - design rules and applications." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 59, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-011-0040-z.
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Portable Raman spectrometer - design rules and applications Raman spectroscopy has become more popular due to its new prospective field applications in forensic sciences, war against terrorism, environment protection and other field chemical analysis. Raman spectrometers can be miniaturised to portable devices and their price is decreasing due to development of optoelectronics components. Unfortunately, this technology has still numerous limitations that influence their design and limit the scope of possible applications. The conception and design of the portable Raman spectrometer is described, including discussion of performance and limitations of representative components of such device available on the market. An enhanced portable Raman spectrometer using two lasers, one emitting at 355 nm and the other at 785 nm, and employing advanced signal acquisition and data processing methods is presenented. Advantages of such system are outlined and example measurement results acquired using equivalent hardware are presented. Data processing flow for identification of chemicals is also described.
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Guan, Hong Jun. "The Design and Implementation of Team Cost Accounting System Based on Dynamic Data Collection." Key Engineering Materials 439-440 (June 2010): 1277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.439-440.1277.
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With the development of information technology, as the basis of economic accounting of the companies, it is possible for team cost accounting to be provided with various of basic data collection, data processing and sharing of such data. First of all, the related technology is introduced, then combined with the production process of C4 workshop, it described the analysis result and scheme. In this process, obtaining dynamic data from production equipment is the first step, then according to different devices and various requirements of product cost accounting, calculate the cost for each team, and finally realize the need for assessment of the teams.
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Dineva, Kristina, and Tatiana Atanasova. "Design of Scalable IoT Architecture Based on AWS for Smart Livestock." Animals 11, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 2697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092697.
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In the ecological future of the planet, intelligent agriculture relies on CPS and IoT to free up human resources and increase production efficiency. Due to the growing number of connected IoT devices, the maximum scalability capacity, and available computing power of the existing architectural frameworks will be reached. This necessitates finding a solution that meets the continuously growing demands in smart farming. Cloud-based IoT solutions are achieving increasingly high popularity. The aim of this study was to design a scalable cloud-based architecture for a smart livestock monitoring system following Agile methodology and featuring environmental monitoring, health, growth, behaviour, reproduction, emotional state, and stress levels of animals. The AWS services used, and their specific tasks related to the proposed architecture are explained in detail. A stress test was performed to prove the data ingesting and processing capability of the proposed architecture. Experimental results proved that the proposed architecture using AWS automated scaling mechanisms and IoT devices are fully capable of processing the growing amount of data, which in turn allow for meeting the required needs of the constantly expanding number of CPS systems.
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Ragavendran, U., and M. Ramachandran. "Low Power and Low Complexity Flip-Flop Design using MIFGMOS." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.1 (August 4, 2018): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.1.17233.
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Sequential logic is essential in many applications as data processing for speech recognition in cochlear implants. In this paper, a family of latches based on floating-gate MOS (FGMOS) transistors is presented. This family takes advantage on the fact that FGMOS logics process data using mostly passive devices, achieving small area and low-power, requirements of modern electronics. Post-layout SPICE simulations from an ON-Semiconductors 0.5 µm CMOS process technology shows improvements over conventional CMOS logic families, making FGMOS latches ideal for low-power applications.
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Prayaga, Lakshmi, Krishna Devulapalli, and Chandra Prayaga. "Wearable Devices Data for Activity Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms." International Journal of Big Data and Analytics in Healthcare 4, no. 1 (January 2019): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbdah.2019010103.
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Wearable devices are contributing heavily towards the proliferation of data and creating a rich minefield for data analytics. Recent trends in the design of wearable devices include several embedded sensors which also provide useful data for many applications. This research presents results obtained from studying human-activity related data, collected from wearable devices. The activities considered for this study were working at the computer, standing and walking, standing, walking, walking up and down the stairs, and talking while walking. The research entails the use of a portion of the data to train machine learning algorithms and build a model. The rest of the data is used as test data for predicting the activity of an individual. Details of data collection, processing, and presentation are also discussed. After studying the literature and the data sets, a Random Forest machine learning algorithm was determined to be best applicable algorithm for analyzing data from wearable devices. The software used in this research includes the R statistical package and the SensorLog app.
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Kraft, Robin, Ferdinand Birk, Manfred Reichert, Aniruddha Deshpande, Winfried Schlee, Berthold Langguth, Harald Baumeister, Thomas Probst, Myra Spiliopoulou, and Rüdiger Pryss. "Efficient Processing of Geospatial mHealth Data Using a Scalable Crowdsensing Platform." Sensors 20, no. 12 (June 18, 2020): 3456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123456.
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Smart sensors and smartphones are becoming increasingly prevalent. Both can be used to gather environmental data (e.g., noise). Importantly, these devices can be connected to each other as well as to the Internet to collect large amounts of sensor data, which leads to many new opportunities. In particular, mobile crowdsensing techniques can be used to capture phenomena of common interest. Especially valuable insights can be gained if the collected data are additionally related to the time and place of the measurements. However, many technical solutions still use monolithic backends that are not capable of processing crowdsensing data in a flexible, efficient, and scalable manner. In this work, an architectural design was conceived with the goal to manage geospatial data in challenging crowdsensing healthcare scenarios. It will be shown how the proposed approach can be used to provide users with an interactive map of environmental noise, allowing tinnitus patients and other health-conscious people to avoid locations with harmful sound levels. Technically, the shown approach combines cloud-native applications with Big Data and stream processing concepts. In general, the presented architectural design shall serve as a foundation to implement practical and scalable crowdsensing platforms for various healthcare scenarios beyond the addressed use case.
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Forel, Salomé, Leandro Sacco, Alice Castan, Ileana Florea, and Costel Sorin Cojocaru. "Simple and rapid gas sensing using a single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistor-based logic inverter." Nanoscale Advances 3, no. 6 (2021): 1582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0na00811g.
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We design a gas sensor by combining two SWCNT-FET devices in an inverter configuration enabling a better system miniaturization together with a reduction of power consumption and ease of data processing.
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Xu, Jie. "Big NB-IoT Data: Enhancing Portability of Handheld Narrow-Band Internet of Things Performance on Big Data Technology." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (July 12, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1872140.
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The Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a wideband radio technology developed for the Internet of Things that enables smoother- and farther-reaching connectivity between IoT devices. In addition to traditional network optimization devices, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, its virtue is low cost, and it consumes less energy and has high coverage and extended battery life. In order to secure the balance of task execution latency across NB-IoT devices, in this research work, we design a handheld NB-IoT wireless communication device. Furthermore, we provide realistic resource-sharing methods between multimedia and sensor data in NB-IoT wireless deployment by our accurate analytical methodology. In addition, we have considerably enhanced technology for gathering Big Data from several scattered sources, in combination with advancements in big data processing methodologies. The proposed handheld terminal has a wide variety of commercial applications in intelligent manufacturing and smart parking. Simulation outcomes illustrate the benefits of our handheld terminal, which provides practical solutions for network optimization, improving market share and penetration rate.
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Zhang, Shu Qin, Yan Cui, Zhi Yong Dong, and Yue Jun Dong. "A Communication Framework for WSN Based Data Collection Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 40-41 (November 2010): 482–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.40-41.482.
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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as an effective solution for some data collection situations. However, owing to combining massively distributed data processing on embedded devices with ad-hoc communication over the wireless medium, WSNs are a challenging domain for application development. In this paper, a communication framework for data collection applications is presented. It provides an adaptive data transport protocol, multi-application running environment, nodes binding mechanisms, which facilitate the development of application systems, and reduces the cost of design and maintain.
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Cornetta, Gianluca, and Abdellah Touhafi. "Design and Evaluation of a New Machine Learning Framework for IoT and Embedded Devices." Electronics 10, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10050600.
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Low-cost, high-performance embedded devices are proliferating and a plethora of new platforms are available on the market. Some of them either have embedded GPUs or the possibility to be connected to external Machine Learning (ML) algorithm hardware accelerators. These enhanced hardware features enable new applications in which AI-powered smart objects can effectively and pervasively run in real-time distributed ML algorithms, shifting part of the raw data analysis and processing from cloud or edge to the device itself. In such context, Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be considered as the backbone of the next generation of Internet of the Things (IoT) devices, which will no longer merely be data collectors and forwarders, but really “smart” devices with built-in data wrangling and data analysis features that leverage lightweight machine learning algorithms to make autonomous decisions on the field. This work thoroughly reviews and analyses the most popular ML algorithms, with particular emphasis on those that are more suitable to run on resource-constrained embedded devices. In addition, several machine learning algorithms have been built on top of a custom multi-dimensional array library. The designed framework has been evaluated and its performance stressed on Raspberry Pi III- and IV-embedded computers.
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Gao, Zhi Qiang, Wen Jie Ding, and Jing Xu. "Potato Starch Processing Wastewater Physical Property Estimation Based on Material Properties." Applied Mechanics and Materials 387 (August 2013): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.387.24.
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In order to meet the demand of wastewater physical properties in low temperature, vacuum evaporation equipment design for potato starch processing wastewater treatment, the way is used to collect physical properties data and listed in table, then equations have been gotten from curve fit way with multi parameters calculation expression of potato processing wastewater, multi parameters mainly about: the density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and heat enthalpy, boiling point, heat capacity and engineering calculation formula of concentration with temperature. From then on, physical properties data of potato starch processing wastewater can be easy to get from the formula, just input the temperature and the concentration into these calculation formulas, it is the foundation for design and calculation of process devices.