Journal articles: 'Fluor-18'

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de Beco, V., D. Le Bars, and J. M. Scherrmann. "Le fluor 18 en radiopharmacie." Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises 66, no. 1 (January 2008): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharma.2007.12.002.

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Gouveia, Patrícia, Adriana Sá Pinto, Liliana Violante, Sara Nunes, Ricardo Teixeira, Almerinda Petiz, and Luís Hugo Duarte. "18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer: A Preliminary Study of 20 Cases." Acta Médica Portuguesa 35, no. 3 (March 2, 2022): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.12510.

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Introduction: Despite the growing evidence supporting the use of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in cervical and ovarian malignant tumours, data on vulvar and vaginal cancer is sparse. Our aim was to assess the role of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with vulvar and vaginal cancer. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on a cohort of 20 patients with biopsy-proven vulvar (n = 17) and vaginal (n = 3) cancer who performed 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, between January 2013 and April 2018. We collected the clinical data of all patients, as well as the indication for 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, its results, and the main lesion maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax). In addition, we correlated the results of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography with other diagnostic modalities, namely histological findings, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were divided into two groups, one with newly diagnosed disease and another with recurrent disease.Results: Six patients had newly diagnosed disease and 14 had recurrent disease. The main lesion was detected by 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in five out of six patients with newly diagnosed disease and in all 14 patients with recurrent disease. Additional sites of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose uptake were identified in inguinal and iliac lymph nodes and in distant lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography were performed in 12 cases. In four patients with recurrent disease, abnormalities (main lesion/ metastatic lymph nodes) identified by 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography were not detected as suspicious by computed tomography.Discussion: In our study, 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography identified abnormalities more often than conventional computed tomography scans in recurrent disease. In comparison with histology, 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography had a sensitivity of 95% and a positive predictive value of 100% in identifying the primary tumour and the recurrent main lesion. Little data is available regarding the usefulness of 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the management of vulvar and vaginal cancers. The existing evidence supports a high accuracy in detecting lymph node metastases and a change of 36.0% - 61.5% in patient management. Our findings reinforce the usefulness of this technique in vulvar and vaginal cancer. Limitations of our study include its retrospective nature and the rareness of both vulvar and vaginal cancer, which leads to a small sample size and few comparative imaging tests.Conclusion: In this preliminary study, 2-[F-18]-fluor-2-desoxi-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography demonstrated it can be a useful method in patients with vulvar and vaginal cancers, namely in defining the extent of disease and contributing to accurate staging and restaging.

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Manuhara, Godras Jati, Setyaningrum Ariviani, and Dwi Ishartani. "Pengaruh Substitusi Terigu dengan Tepung Komposit Tapioka dan Glukomanan-Karaginan Terhadap Kadar Serat Kasar dan Sifat Sensori Mie Basah." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 22, no. 2 (April 21, 2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v22i2.20564.

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Composite fluor was made from combination of tapiocca and glucomannan-carrageenan in four different composition. The composite fluor for wheat in producing wet noodle. Amylose content of tapiocca provide strong structure of wet noodle, while combination of carrageenan-glucomannan objected to substitute gluten function in building elastic bonding needed in the wet noodle. Increasing of the composite fluor level increased raaw fiber content of wet noodle. Based on sensory analysis, substitution of wheat by the composite fluor decreased intensity of brightness, hardness, unique taste and aroma of wet noodle, but in the other side, retained its elasticity at two level of substitution (18% tapiocca mixed with 2% carrageenan-glucomannan and 19% tapiocca mixed 1% carrageenan-glucomannan).

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Deviliawati, Atma. "complete socialization about vaginal discharge or fluor albus at SMK Bina Jaya Palembang in 2021." Khidmah 3, no. 2 (January 11, 2022): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.52523/khidmah.v3i2.366.

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Adolescence is defined by growth, change, and the presence of new chances, and it is often associated with reproductive health problems. In teenage girls, reproductive organ healthcare is expected to prevent significant problems. Preventing vaginal discharge or fluor albus is one of the aims of treatments of reproductive organs in teenage girls. Vaginal discharge or fluor albus is a discharge from the tiny glands in the vagina and cervix that may or may not smell and lead to a local itching. The causes of vaginal discharge or fluor albus may be normal or physiologic. According to 2012 data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), around 18% of women aged 15-49 years had encountered the vaginal discharge or fluor albus. This socialization has the objective of educating teenage girls about vaginal discharge or fluor albus. The strategy is to provide direct socialization through counseling and leaflet distribution, while also following the health protocols. The activity occurred on july 12, 2021. The results of the socialization obtained data on knowledge about vaginal discharge or fluor albus from 46 students before being given socialization with good knowledge of 15 people (32.6%) and after the socialization, there was an increase in students with good knowledge of vaginal discharge or fluor albus as many as 44 students ( 95.7 percent ). Proves an increase in awareness of vaginal discharge or fluor albus before and after socialization. Suggestions for educators to regularly educate students about reproductive health, either in cooperation with health education organizations or with other health authorities.

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Silakhudin. "PENENTUAN HASIL PRODUK RADIOISOTOP FLUOR-18 PADA FASILITAS SIKLOTRON DECY-13." Jurnal Penelitian Saintek 21, no. 1 (February 16, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jps.v21i1.10555.

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Suatu perhitungan untuk menentukan hasil produk radioisotop khususnya radioisotop fluor-18 pada fasilitas siklotron proton 13 MeV telah dilakukan. Perhitungannya menggunakan rumusan thick target yield pada reaksi nuklir 18O(p,n)18F. Perhitungan ini dimaksudkan untuk memastikan bahwa rumusan dan parameter-parameter yang dipakai sudah cukup layak untuk dipakai dalam commissioning siklotron DECY-13. Hasil perhitungan telah dibandingkan dengan hasil radioisotop dari siklotron-siklotron yang ada di rumah-rumah sakit Dharmais Jakarta dan MRCCC Jakarta serta standard dari IAEA. Beda dari hasil perhitungan dengan data-data pembanding tidak lebih dari 5%, yang berarti rumus perhitungan ini cukup layak untuk digunakan dalam commissioning siklotron. Perhitungan hasil produk fluor-18 dengan menggunakan rumus tersebut adalah 1223 mCi untuk operasi siklotron 30 µA arus berkas proton selama iradiasi 40 menit

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Krug, B., M. Dietlein, W. Groth, H. Stützer, T. Psaras, A. Gossmann, K. Scheidhauer, H. Schicha, and K. Lackner. "FLUOR-18-FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (FDG-PET) IN MALIGNANT MELANOMA." Acta Radiologica 41, no. 5 (September 2000): 446–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0455.2000.041005446.x.

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Ogawa, M., M. Hama, and K. Kuroda. "Photochromism of azobenzene in the hydrophobic interlayer spaces of dialkyldimethylammonium-fluor-tetrasilicic mica films." Clay Minerals 34, no. 2 (June 1999): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985599546127.

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AbstractPhotochemical isomerization of azobenzene intercalated in the hydrophobic, interlayer spaces of swelling fluor-tetrasilicic micas exchanged with dialkyldimethylammonium ions, with the alkyl chain length from 10 to 18, was investigated. Thin films of the organoammonium-mica-azobenzene intercalation compounds were obtained by depositing a suspension of the organoammonium-micas (prepared using a toluene/methanol solution of azobenzene) on quartz substrates. The intercalated azobenzene showed reversible photochromic reactions induced by UV and visible light irradiation. The fraction of the photochemically formed cis-isomer in the photostationary states decreased with a decrease in temperature. The observed change in the photochemical reactions is thought to reflect changes in the states of the dialkyldimethylammonium ions in the interlayer space of the swelling fluor-tetrasilicic mica.

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Heiss, W. D., K. Herholz, G. Pawlik, B. Szelies, and K. Wienhard. "PET studies of glucose metabolism of 18 fluor-deoxy-glucose in dementia." Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 79, no. 3 (March 1989): 253–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.1989.tb03754.x.

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Mukhtar, A. Ummu Saadah, Budu Budu, Yusring Sanusi B, Nasruddin Andi Mappawere, and Azniah Azniah. "effect of reproductive health education with multimedia video learning on the improvement of fluor albus prevention behavior young woman pathologist." International journal of health & medical sciences 5, no. 1 (January 22, 2022): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijhms.v5n1.1841.

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Health education for adolescents is achieved properly, it requires effective and interactive media so that young women can easily understand and absorb the information provided properly. The population in this study were teenage girls in class XI Pesantren Al-Junaidiyah Biru, Pesantren Al-Ikhlas Ujung Bone and Islamic Boarding School Darussalam Pajalele Bone. Based on the determination of the number of samples, the sample in this study amounted to 18 respondents, in anticipation of dropping out of respondents from the study, the researchers set 20% so that the number of respondents was 22 respondents in each group (Using 1:1:1) so the sample in this study amounted to 66 people with purposive sampling technique. The results showed that there was an effect of reproductive health education with multimedia video learning on increasing knowledge of pathological fluor albus prevention in adolescent girls. The results showed that there was an effect of reproductive health education with multimedia video learning on improving the attitude of preventing pathological fluor albus (leucorrhoea) in adolescent girls. The results of the study indicate that there is an effect of reproductive health education with multimedia video learning on the improvement of behavior/prevention of pathological fluor albus (leucorrhoea) in adolescent girls.

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Backhaus, M., and D. Sandrock. "Nuklearmedizin." Arthritis und Rheuma 29, no. 03 (2009): 168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1620166.

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ZusammenfassungDie beiden wichtigsten nuklearmedizinischen Verfahren in der Rheumatologie sind die Skelettszintgrafie und die F-18-Fluor-Desoxyglucose-Positronenemissionstomografie (F-18-FDG-PET). Bei der Skelettszintigrafie wird die Anreicherung von i. v.-applizierten Technetium-99m-markierten Phosphonaten mittels einer Gamma-Kamera untersucht. Man unterscheidet Perfusionsphase (0–60 sec p. i.), Blutpoolphase (2–5 min p. i.) und Knochenstoffwechselphase (2–5 h p. i.). Die Blutpoolphase erlaubt Aussagen über die entzündliche (Weichteil-)Komponente („Arthritis“), die Knochenstoffwechselphase über länger dauernde knöcherne Prozesse („Arthrose“). Die Positronenemissionstomografie (PET) mit F-18-Fluor-Desoxyglucose (FDG) eignet sich bei einer Vielzahl von Indikationen in der Onkologie. Bei rheumatologischen Fragestellungen wird nach benignen Prozessen mit gesteigertem Glukosestoffwechsel gesucht. Dabei handelt es sich um Entzündungen in Weichteilgeweben und Gelenken (z. B. Ar-thritiden, Vaskulitiden) und insbesondere zur Diagnostik unklaren Fiebers. Im Regelfall wird eine Ganzkörpertomografie als Aufnahmeverfahren für die Fokussuche unbekannter Lokalisation oder zur Darstellung der Höhe des Glukosestoffwechsels eines oder mehrerer bekannter Herde genutzt. Verlaufsuntersuchungen unter Therapie können durchgeführt werden. Bei der Untersuchung soll der Patient nüchtern sein. Die Aufnahme erfolgt eine Stunde nach FDG-Injektion für eine Dauer von 30–60 min. Die Methode ist sensitiv und kann den Stoffwechsel von Läsionen objektivieren, ist aber nicht spezifisch (FDG reichert sich auch in malignen Veränderungen an). Die technischen Einzelheiten einschließlich Befunddokumentation beider Verfahren sind entsprechend den Leitlinien der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Nuklearmedizin dargestellt (www.nuklearmedizin.de).

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Masruroh, Eny, Poppy Farasari, Aesthetica Islamy, Suciati Suciati, and Amita Audilla. "HUBUNGAN TINGKAT STRESS DENGAN TERJADINYA KEPUTIHAN (FLUOR ALBUS) PADA REMAJA USIA 14-18 TAHUN DI DESA KEBOIRENG KECAMATAN BESUKI KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG." Jurnal Ilmiah Pamenang 5, no. 2 (December 20, 2023): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53599/jip.v5i2.178.

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Abstrak Kondisi tubuh yang kelelahan dan stress dapat memicu peningkatan hormon estrogen dan menyebabkan terjadinya keputihan pada wanita. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui hubungan tingkat stress dengan terjadinya keputihan (Fluor Albus) pada remaja usia 14-18 tahun di Desa Keboireng Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Tulungagung tahun 2022. Penelitian dilakukan tanggal 1-15 Maret 2022 dengan metode analitik korelasional dan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrument kuisioner DASS (Depression Anxiety stress Scale) yang telah dilakukan uji validitas. Populasi penelitian semua remaja usia 14- 18 tahun di Desa Keboireng Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Tulungagung tahun 2022 sejumlah 114 orang, sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling sejumlah 54 responden. Variabel bebas yang digunakan yakni tingkat stress, variabel terikat yakni keputihan. Pengolahan data dengan editing, coding, scoring dan tabulating, analisa data dengan uji Spearman rho. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebagian besar responden yaitu 30 responden (55,6%) tidak mengalami stress atau normal dan hampir seluruh responden yaitu 48 responden (88,9%) mengalami keputihan normal. Hasil uji Spearman Rho didapatkan P Value = 0,000 < 0,05, artinya ada hubungan tingkat stress dengan terjadinya keputihan (Fluor Albus) pada remaja usia 14-18 tahun di Desa Keboireng Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Tulungagung tahun 2022. Kondisi tubuh yang lelah dan stres dapat memicu peningkatan hormon estrogen yang menyebabkan terjadinya keputihan. Stress akan menurunkan imunitas sehingga membuat bakteri pada vagina berkembang pesat dan menekan pertumbuhan flora normal vagina sehingga menyebabkan keputihan abnormal. Tenaga kesehatan hendaknya memberikan penyuluhan mekanisme koping stress pada remaja untuk mengantisi stresn sehingga dapat mengurangi kejadian keputihan pada remaja Kata kunci : Keputihan, Remaja, Tingkat stres Abstract A body condition that is tired and stressed can trigger an increase in the hormone estrogen and cause vaginal discharge in women. The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between stress levels and the occurrence of vaginal discharge (Fluor Albus) in adolescents aged 14-18 years in Keboireng Village, Besuki District, Tulungagung Regency in 2022. The research was conducted March 1-15 2022 using correlational analytical methods and a cross-sectional approach. This research uses the DASS (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) questionnaire instrument which has been tested for validity. The research population was all teenagers aged 14-18 years in Keboireng Village, Besuki District, Tulungagung Regency in 2022, totaling 114 people, the sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique totaling 54 respondents. The independent variable used is stress level, the dependent variable is vaginal discharge. Data processing using editing, coding, scoring and tabulating, data analysis using the Spearman rho test. The research results showed that the majority of respondents, namely 30 respondents (55.6%), did not experience stress or were normal and almost all respondents, namely 48 respondents (88.9%) experienced normal vaginal discharge. The results of the Spearman Rho test obtained P Value = 0.000 < 0.05, meaning that there is a relationship between stress levels and the occurrence of vaginal discharge (Fluor Albus) in adolescents aged 14-18 years in Keboireng Village, Besuki District, Tulungagung Regency in 2022. Tired and stressed body conditions can triggers an increase in the hormone estrogen which causes vaginal discharge. Stress will reduce immunity, causing bacteria in the vagina to grow rapidly and suppress the growth of normal vaginal flora, causing abnormal vaginal discharge. Health workers should provide counseling on stress coping mechanisms for adolescents to anticipate stress so that they can reduce the incidence of vaginal discharge in adolescents. Keywords : Vaginal discharge, Adolescent, Stress leve

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Franzius, C. "Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie mit F-18-Fluor-Deoxyglukose (FDG-PET) in der pädiatrischen Onkologie." Der Nuklearmediziner 25, no. 2 (2002): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-33275.

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Celier, D., T. Geoffray, J. L. Rehel, C. Le Meur, C. Merheb, A. Ragueneau, and B. Aubert. "Apport d’un système de préparation et d’injection de fluor 18 à la radioprotection des travailleurs." Médecine Nucléaire 36, no. 4 (April 2012): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mednuc.2012.02.123.

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Bares, R., B. M. Dohmen, U. Cremerius, J. Faß, M. Teusch, and U. Büll. "Ergebnisse der Positronen- emissionstomographie mit Fluor-18-markierter Fluordesoxyglukose bei Differentialdiagnose und Staging des Pankreaskarzinoms." Der Radiologe 36, no. 5 (May 1996): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050093.

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Even-Sapir, E., and J. M. Foult. "Rôle de la tomographie d’émission de positons au Fluor 18 dans l’évaluation des métastases osseuses." Oncologie 12, no. 3 (March 2010): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10269-010-1864-4.

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Ramós-Leví, Ana María, Ángel Molino, Santiago Ochagavía, and Ángel Díaz Pérez. "Tomografía por emisión de positrones marcada con 18-Fluor-dihidroxifenilalanina para el diagnóstico de feocromocitoma." Endocrinología y Nutrición 60, no. 6 (June 2013): 336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.endonu.2012.06.007.

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Khattab, Ahmed, Yesica Garciafigueroa, Brett Phillips, Sunita Patruni, Amir Kamran, Thejus Jayakrishnan, Nazia Khatoon, et al. "Significant neutrophil accumulation, IL-18 deposition, and active inflammasome in tumor regions of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e15754-e15754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e15754.

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e15754 Background: Obesity is an established risk factor for cancer and cancer-related mortality. Adipocytes may act as a “damage” signal resulting in the accumulation of innate immune cells, fueling an inflammatory micro-environment. Among the innate immune cells, tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) are confirmed to accumulate inside the tumor. As obesity is a significant risk factor for a poorer prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we hypothesize that obesity-driven adipose fuels the progression of PDAC in a TAN and inflammasome-facilitated manner. This may happen through several mechanisms, including genomic instability of aggressive PDAC clonal populations. Methods: Tissue from resected tumors of PDAC patients with a body-mass index (BMI) > 27 (obesity, n = 5) and BMI < 22 (normal, n = 5) were incubated with anti-human IL-18 and CD66b antibodies and detected using Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated donkey anti–mouse and Alexa Fluor 594-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibodies. Images were acquired in a Zeiss Axioplan microscope workstation and analyzed by ZEN and Metamorph software. Results: We identified the presence of CD66b+ neutrophils and IL-18 in all tissue sections. There is a significantly greater density of CD66b+ neutrophils and IL-18 in the tumor environment when compared to adjacent normal areas and IL-18+ signals appear to be deposited alongside the luminal area in a unique lasso-like pattern. These data suggest an association between BMI and inflammasome accumulation in the tumor environment. There does not appear to be an association between tumor stage and TAN or IL-18 accumulation in the tumor area or the adjacent normal tissue in the tissues. Conclusions: Our data uniquely shows that CD66b+ neutrophils accumulate inside PDAC and this is associated with intra-tumoral active inflammasomes. The novel periductal deposition of IL-18 in the tumor areas may be of mechanistic relevance in understanding how inflammation induces progression of PDAC. A larger cohort of tissues from PDAC obtained from low and high BMI individuals will be needed to test our hypothesis and to begin to decipher the role of obesity on inflammation and PDAC progression.

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Maysaroh, Siti, and Ana Mariza. "PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KEPUTIHAN PADA REMAJA PUTRI." Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati 7, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v7i1.3582.

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ABSTRACT KNOWLEDGE ABOUT FLUOR ALBUS IN ADOLESCENT Backgroud Fluor albus is a non-bloody and not ordinary discharge coming out from vaginal passage, either it is smelly or not, d it is followed by local pruritus. A presurvey result to 20 female students showed that 60% did not understand the cause of Fluor albus, 40% did not know how to prevent Fluor albus, 35% experienced yellowish discharge followed by local pruritus, and 65% did not experience Fluor albus. The objective of this research was to find out the description of female teenagers’ knowledge about Fluor albus in Female Islamic Junior High School in Gedong Tataan of Pesawaran district in 2019.Methods This was a descriptive quantitative research. Population was 50 female students in Female Islamic Junior High School in Gedong Tataan of Pesawaran district. Samples were 50 respondents. Data were analyzed with univariate analysis.Result The research result showed that 18 respondents (36.0%) had poor knowledge and 32 respondents (64.0%) had good knowledge. Conclusion It is known that the description of knowledge about vaginal discharge in young women at MTS Diniyah Putri Gedong Tataan, Pesawaran District, 2019Suggestion The researcher suggests female students to improve knowledge by reading health topics especially reproduction health, to use information technology to find out information about female teenager’s reproduction health, and to take benefit from reproduction health education from student school organization (OSIS) in form of seminar. Keywords: knowledge, teenager, Fluor albus ABSTRAK Latar Belakang Keputihan adalah keluarnya cairan selain darah dari liang vagina di luar kebiasaan, baik berbau ataupun tidak, serta disertai rasa gatal setempat. Berdasarkan hasil prasurvey yang dilakukan terhadap 20 siswi menunjukan bahwa sebanyak 60% tidak mengetahui penyebab keputihan dan sebanyak 40% tidak mengetahui cara pencegahan keputihan, dari 20 siswi tersebut sebanyak 35% mengalami keputihan dimana mereka mengeluh keluar cairan yang terasa gatal, dan berwarna agak kekuningan dan sebanyak 65% tidak mengalami keputihan.Tujuan dalam penelitian diketahui gambaran pengetahuan tentang keputihan pada remaja putri di MTS Diniyah Putri Gedong Tataan Kabupaten Pesawaran Tahun 2019Metode Penelitian Jenis penelitian yang digunakan penelitian kuantitatif rancangan penelitian deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja putri kelas X, XI, dan XII di MTS Diniyah Putri sebanyak 50 orang, sampel 50 orang dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2019, di MTS Diniyah Putri Gedong Tataan Kabupaten Pesawaran. Analisa data secara univariat.Hasil penelitian:Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik yaitu sebanyak 18 (36,0%) responden dan responden yang memiliki pengetahuan baik sebanyak 32 (64,0%) responden.Kesimpulan telah diketahui gambaran pengetahuan tentang keputihan pada remaja putri di MTS Diniyah Putri Gedong Tataan Kabupaten Pesawaran Tahun 2019Saran remaja putri lebih meningkatkan pengetahuan dengan banyak membaca tentang kesehatan khususnya kesehatan reproduksi. Menggunakan kemajuan tekhnologi seperti memanfaatkan internet untuk mengetahui informasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja khususnya remaja putri. Memanfaatkan organisasi yang ada seperti OSIS sebagai wadah untuk penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi, misalnya mengadakan seminar. Kata kunci: pengetahuan, remaja, keputihanArdayani, Tri. (2012) Kesehatan Reproduksi Untuk Kebidanan, Keperawatan Dan Tenaga Kesehatan. CV Caraka, BandungArikunto, Suharsimi. (2010). Prosedur Penelitian: Suatu Pendekatan Praktek, Edisi Keenam. PT. Rineka Cipta, JakartaBudiman, (2013). Kapita selektata Pengetahuan dan sikap untuk penelitian kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba MedikaHastono, SP. (2016).Analisis Data Pada Bidang Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rajawali PersHidayat, A. Aziz Alimul.(2008), Pengantar Kebutuhan Dasar Manusia: Aplikasi. Konsep dan Proses Keperawatan Buku 1, Jakarta: Salemba MedikaIrnawati. (2017). Hubungan Personal Hygine Organ Reproduksi Dengan Kejadian Keputihan Pada Remaja Siswi SMK N 1 Sumber Kecamatan Sumber Kabupaten RembangIndriyani. (2012). Hubungan Personal Hygiene Dengan Kejadian Keputihan Pada Siswi MA Al-Hikmah Aeng Deke BlutoIrianto, Koes. 2015. Kesehatan Reproduksi (Reproductive Health). Alfabeta, JakartaKusmiran, Eny. (2011). Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja dan Wanita. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.Maritalia, Dewi. (2014). Asuhan Kebidanan Masa Nifas dan Menyusui. Yogyakarta: Pustaka PelajarMubarak, Wahit Iqbal. (2012). Promosi Kesehatan Untuk Kebidanan. Jakarta: Salemba MedikaNotoatmodjo, S. (2012).Metode Penelitian.Rineka Cipta. JakartaNotoatmodjo, S. (2012). Kesehatan Masyarakat Ilmu dan Seni. Jakarta: Rineka CiptaNotoatmodjo, Soekidjo. (2012). Promosi Kesehatan dan Perilaku Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.Nurlaila. (2015). Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Personal Hygiene Remaja Putri Dengan Kejadian Keputihan (Fluor Albus ) Di SMP Suryadarma Bandar Lampung Tahun 2014Permatasari, M. W. (2012). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Remaja Putri tentang Personal Hygiene dengan Tindakan Pencegahan Keputihan di SMA Negeri 9 Semarang.Potter, P.A, Perry, A.G. (2011). Buku Ajar Fundamental Keperawatan : Konsep,. Proses, dan Praktik.Edisi 4.Volume 2.Alih Bahasa : Renata. Komalasari,dkk.Jakarta:EGCRamayanti. (2017). Hubungan Personal hygiene Dengan Kejadian Keputihan Pada Remaja Putri Di Sma Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta Tahun 2016Rianto. Agus (2011) Aplikasi Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Yogyakarta: Nuha Medika.Saifuddin, Abdul Bari,(2014). Buku acuan nasional Pelayanan Kesehatan Maternal dan Neonatal. PT Bina Pustaka Sarwono Prawirohardjo: JakartaSarwono. (2012). Psikologi Remaja. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo. PersadaSiswanto. (2014). Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan dan Kedokteran. Jakarta: Bursa IlmuSugiyono, (2016). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif Dan R&D. CV. Alfabeta: BandungSupardi. (2013). Metodologi Riset Keperawatan. Jakarta: TIMWartonah, Tarwoto. (2011). Kebutuhan Dasar manusia dan Proses Keperawatan. Jakarta : Salemba MedikaWidyastuti. (2009). Kesehatan Reproduksi. Yogyakarta: FitramayaWinkjosastro, Prawirohardjo. (2007). Ilmu Kebidanan. Edisi IV.Jakarta : PT Bina Pustaka

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Ukena, D., D. Hellwig, I. Palm, K. Rentz, M. Leutz, A. P. Hellwig, C. M. Kirsch, and G. W. Sybrecht. "Stellenwert der Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie mit 18-Fluor-Desoxyglukose (FDG-PET) in der Rezidivdiagnostik des Bronchialkarzinoms." Pneumologie 54, no. 2 (February 2000): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-9063.

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Wiering, Bastiaan, Paul F. M. Krabbe, Gerrit J. Jager, Wim J. G. Oyen, and Theo J. M. Ruers. "The impact of fluor-18-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in the management of colorectal liver metastases." Cancer 104, no. 12 (November 28, 2005): 2658–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.21569.

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Krug, B., M. Dietlein, W. Groth, H. Stützer, T. Psaras, A. Gossmann, K. Scheidhauer, H. Schicha, and K. Lackner. "Fluor-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in malignant melanoma: Diagnostic comparison with conventional imaging methods." Acta Radiologica 41, no. 5 (September 2000): 446–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/028418500127345668.

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Van Ryckeghem, S. "Caractérisation des formes physico-chimiques des deux radionucléides principaux (18F et 11C) produits par irradiation de cible et du principal radionucléide parasite (13N) rejetés par les installations françaises de fabrication de radiopharmaceutiques au moyen d’un cyclotron." Radioprotection 56, no. 2 (April 2021): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2021008.

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Cette étude, réalisée par l’IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire) dans le cadre d’une demande de l’ASN (Autorité de Sûreté Nucléaire), concerne la caractérisation des formes physico-chimiques des composés radioactifs rejetés par les installations françaises de fabrication de radiopharmaceutiques au moyen d’un cyclotron. Elle vise à disposer d’une meilleure connaissance sur les effluents gazeux radioactifs rejetés par ces installations. Cette étude porte sur les deux principaux radionucléides produits par irradiation d’une cible à des fins de fabrication de radiopharmaceutiques : le fluor 18 (18F) et le carbone 11 (11C). L’azote 13 (13N), principal radionucléide parasite produit dans la cible et relâché essentiellement lors du transfert du contenu de cette dernière vers le laboratoire de radiochimie, a également été étudié.

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Zwama, Jolien, Neeltje M. Rosenberg, Vincent A. Verheij, Pieter G. H. M. Raijmakers, Maqsood Yaqub, Esmée Botman, Ruben D. de Ruiter, et al. "[18F]NaF PET/CT as a Marker for Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications in Bone Disorders." Biomolecules 14, no. 10 (October 10, 2024): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom14101276.

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Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic bone disorder characterized by episodic flare-ups in connective tissue, which are frequently followed by the formation of heterotopic ossification. The absence of available plasma-soluble biomarkers for flare-ups or heterotopic bone formation poses severe challenges to the monitoring of disease activity to measure or predict disease progression. Recently, 18-fluor-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]NaF PET/CT) was introduced as a potential marker for ossifying FOP activity. This review discusses the pharmacokinetics of [18F]NaF in relation to the pathophysiology of FOP, and its use as a marker of local bone metabolism in a variety of bone-related disorders. In addition, the review specifically addresses the applicability of [18F]NaF PET/CT imaging in FOP as a monitoring modality.

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Sobic-Saranovic, Dragana. "Role of integrated F-18 fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography in evaluation of lung cancer." Archive of Oncology 20, no. 3-4 (2012): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aoo1204107s.

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Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. It is generally divided in two groups: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Positron emission tomography (PET)/CT using the glucose analogue labeled with 18-fluor (F-18): fluoro-deoxy-glucose (F-18-FDG), is unique integrated imaging modality that offers simultaneous anatomic and metabolic information valuable in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up of both types of lung cancer and in particular in NSCLC. FDG accumulation in tissue is proportional to the amount of glucose utilization. Increased consumption of glucose is a characteristic of almost all types of lung cancer except in bronchoalveolar carcinoma and well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors. The objective of this brief review is to highlight the clinical role of F-18-FDG PET/CT in detection, staging, re-staging, and assessment of therapy response and follow up in lung cancer. The performance of F-18-FDG PET/CT in specific clinical situations is of special interest: in the differentiation of indeterminate lung lesions, the staging of NSCLC for lymph node and extra thoracic metastases, for therapy planning, the detection of recurrent lung cancer and the use in SCLC. In conclusion, F-18-FDG PET/CT helps in characterization of suspicious lesions, provides more precise staging of NSCLC than other imaging techniques, allows better patients? selection for new modalities of treatment, helps in restaging after induction therapy, allows better delineation for radiotherapy planning and helps in follow up evaluation by differentiating residual or recurrent tumor from post treatment scar.

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Krause, B. J. "Grundlagen der funktionellen Bildgebung des Gehirns mit der Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie." Nervenheilkunde 24, no. 02 (2005): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1629945.

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ZusammenfassungFunktionell bildgebende Verfahren – insbesondere die Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie (PET) – haben unsere Kenntnis über die Funktionsweise des Gehirns auf molekularer und systemischer Ebene erweitert. Die PET basiert auf der Aufzeichnung und computergestützten Auswertung des Zerfalls kleinster Mengen mit Positronenstrahlern radioaktiv markierter Substanzen (Radiotracer). Mit spezifischen Radiotracern können z.B. regionaler Blutfluss, Stoffwechselvorgänge oder Neurotransmitter-Rezeptorsysteme sichtbar gemacht werden. Neben einer qualitativen Darstellung ist unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen mittels mathematischer Modelle eine Quantifizierung der o.g. Vorgänge möglich. PET-Untersuchungen des regionalen zerebralen Blutflusses eröffnen Einblicke in die Abläufe höherer Gehirnfunktionen (z.B. Gedächtnis, Sprache, Aufmerksamkeit) bei Gesunden oder hirnerkrankten Patienten. Klinisch etabliert ist die PET-Untersuchung des Gehirns mit Fluor-18-markierter Deoxyglukose (FDG) bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen, Epilepsien oder Erkrankungen des psychiatrischen Formenkreises. Bei diesen Erkrankungen lassen sich typischerweise Frühveränderungen mit der PET nachweisen. Aktuelle Bestrebungen der PET-Forschung zielen u.a. auf die In-vivo-Darstellung und Quantifizierung der Plaques (β-Amyloid) im Gehirn von Alzheimer-Erkrankten ab, mit wichtigen Implikationen für die Früherkennung oder die Entwicklung und Testung neuer Medikamente.

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Adam, L. E., J. Zaers, H. Trojan, M. E. Bellemann, D. Noßke, J. Doll, and G. Brix. "Reduktion der Strahlenexposition bei PET-Untersuchungen durch Datenakquisition im 3D-Modus." Nuklearmedizin 38, no. 03 (1999): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632195.

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Zusammenfassung Ziel: Moderne Volumen-PET-Systeme bieten die Möglichkeit, auf die abschirmende Wirkung von Septen zwischen den einzelnen Detektorringen (2D-Modus) zu verzichten, so daß auch koinzidente Ereignisse zwischen Detektoren auf weiter entfernt liegenden Ringen erfaßt werden können (3D-Modus). Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, das Zählratenverhalten eines PET-Scanners der neuesten Generation im 2D- und im 3D-Modus anhand von Phantommessungen zu untersuchen und die sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen für die Strahlenhygiene bei PETUntersuchungen mit 2-[F-18]-Fluor-2-Desoxyglukose (F-18-FDG) zu diskutieren. Methoden: Alle Messungen wurden am Ganzkörper-PET-System ECAT EXACT HR+ durchgeführt. Für die 2D-Messungen wurde ein Kollimator aus dünnen Wolframlamellen in das Gesichtsfeld eingebracht. Das Zählratenverhalten des Scanners wurde dem NEMA-Protokoll folgend über einen weiten Bereich von F-18-Aktivitätskonzentrationen untersucht. Darüber hinaus wurden PET-Aufnahmen des EEC-Ganzkörperphantoms mit verschiedenen Einsätzen im 2D- und im 3D-Modus jeweils über 15 min akquiriert, wobei die F-18-Aktivitätskonzentrationen bei der 3D-Messung halb so hoch waren wie bei der 2D-Messung. Ergebnisse: Für das zylinderförmige NEMA-Phantom (Ø = 19,4 cm, Länge = 19,0 cm) ergab sich im 3D-Modus eine im Vergleich zur 2D-Akquisition etwa fünffach höhere Systemsensitivität (27,7 statt 5,7 cps/Bq/ml). Die Auswertung der rekonstruierten Aktivitätsverteilungen des EECPhantoms ergab, daß die Qualität der aus dem 3D-Projektionsdatensatz berechneten PET-Aufnahmen besser war als die der korrespondierenden 2D-Aufnahmen, obwohl die Aktivitätskonzentrationen nur halb so hoch waren. Schlußfolgerungen: Durch die Datenakquisition im 3DModus kann die zu applizierende Aktivitätsmenge bei gleichzeitiger Verbesserung der Bildqualität erheblich reduziert werden. Für Patientenuntersuchungen mit F-18-FDG im Ganzkörperbereich reicht es unserer Erfahrung nach aus, eine Aktivität zwischen 150 und 200 MBq zu applizieren. Dies entspricht einer effektiven Äquivalentdosis von 3 beziehungsweise 4 mSv.

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Warsen, Adelaide E., Melissa J. Krug, Stacey LaFrentz, Danielle R. Stanek, Frank J. Loge, and Douglas R. Call. "Simultaneous Discrimination between 15 Fish Pathogens by Using 16S Ribosomal DNA PCR and DNA Microarrays." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 7 (July 2004): 4216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.7.4216-4221.2004.

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ABSTRACT We developed a DNA microarray suitable for simultaneous detection and discrimination between multiple bacterial species based on 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) polymorphisms using glass slides. Microarray probes (22- to 31-mer oligonucleotides) were spotted onto Teflon-masked, epoxy-silane-derivatized glass slides using a robotic arrayer. PCR products (ca. 199 bp) were generated using biotinylated, universal primer sequences, and these products were hybridized overnight (55°C) to the microarray. Targets that annealed to microarray probes were detected using a combination of Tyramide Signal Amplification and Alexa Fluor 546. This methodology permitted 100% specificity for detection of 18 microbes, 15 of which were fish pathogens. With universal 16S rDNA PCR (limited to 28 cycles), detection sensitivity for purified control DNA was equivalent to <150 genomes (675 fg), and this sensitivity was not adversely impacted either by the presence of competing bacterial DNA (1.1 × 106 genomes; 5 ng) or by the addition of up to 500 ng of fish DNA. Consequently, coupling 16S rDNA PCR with a microarray detector appears suitable for diagnostic detection and surveillance for commercially important fish pathogens.

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Aurélien, Vidal, Philippe Auzeloux, Aurélie Maisonial, Latifa Rbah, Martine Bayle, jean-Bernard Deloye, Serge Askienazy, Elisabeth Noirault, Nicole Moins, and Jean-Michel Chezal. "22: Radiotraceurs multimodaux: marquage par le fluor-18 d’une molécule iodée et fluorée destinée au diagnostic et à la thérapie du mélanome malin." Bulletin du Cancer 97, no. 1 (March 2010): S21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-4551(15)31115-2.

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Arsenault, Frédéric, Jean-Pierre Ayoub, Anna Danilenko, and Luc Boucher. "Early investigation by fluor-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography of a metastatic basal cell carcinoma presenting with spinal cord compression: A case report." JAAD Case Reports 1, no. 3 (May 2015): 144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdcr.2015.03.003.

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Liu, Haolin, Gongyi Zhang, Philippa Marrack, and John Kappler. "A rapid method to isolate and test the γ2a switched variants from a γ2b antibody producing B cell hybridoma (P3382)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2013): 135.18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.135.18.

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Abstract The heavy chain isotype switch is reported to occur at a rate of 10-6 to 10-5 in B cell hybridomas. Because of the rare occurance, usually two or three rounds of cell sorting and subcloning are needed to isolate these variants, which is labor and time consuming. We find that the switch rate of γ2a variants in a γ2b antibody producing B cell hybridoma, S212, is around 5*10-6 by ELISPOT assay. Using the Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG2a heavy chain specific antibody, we first enriched γ2a switched variants in S212 with the use of anti-AF647 microbeads. We then used the FACS to sort the single AF647 positive cell from this enriched population into a single well to ensure the single cell cloning. 18 cells were sorted into 18 wells, and there were hybridoma cells growing in 12 wells after 10 days of culture. We tested the isotype of antibody produced in the supernatant by passing it through the four channels of a CM5 chip which were respectively coated with goat anti-mouse IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 heavy chain specific antibody in a Biacore instrument. The result showed that all of the 12 antibodies were IgG2a and none of them secreted IgG2b antibody any more. This method will be useful in isolating downstream Ig class switch variants of monoclonal antibodies to obtain antibodies with different Fc functions.

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John, Christopher, Jeyaanth Venkatasai, Satish Srinivas Kondaveeti, Arunan Murali, Gokulakrishnan Periakaruppan, Venkatachalapathy E, Manickavasagam Meenakshisundaram, Ravi Chandran Ambalathandi, and Hemavathi Masilamani. "Prognostic significance of metabolic tumour volume and maximum standard uptake value of fluor-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography in nasopharyngeal carcinoma." Współczesna Onkologia 25, no. 3 (2021): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/wo.2021.109620.

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Bachega, Tânia A. S. S., Guiomar Madureira, Enecy M. L. Brenlha, Rosy C. Ueti, Marlene Inácio, Francisco T. Dènis, Frederico A. Queiroz Silva, Ivo J. P. Arnhold, and Berenice B. Mendonça. "Tratamento da hiperplasia supra-renal congênita por deficiência da 21-hidroxilase." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 45, no. 1 (February 2001): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27302001000100010.

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O tratamento da hiperplasia supra-renal congênita por deficiência da 21-hidroxilase (HSRC-21OH) tem como objetivos repor glico e mineralocorticóides, evitar a virilização dos genitais externos, prevenir a desidratação por perda de sal, controlar o hiperandrogenismo sem afetar a velocidade de crescimento, preservar a função gonadal, fertilidade e estatura final. Relatamos a nossa experiência no acompanhamento de 96 pacientes com HSRC-21OH. Nas crianças utilizamos como glicocorticóide o acetato de cortisona (18-20 mg/m²/dia) e nos adultos a dexametasona (0,25-0,75 mg/dia). Quando necessário, a reposição do mineralocorticóide foi feita com 9alfa-fluor-hidrocortisona 50-250 µg/dia dependendo da faixa etária. Apesar da substituição adequada com glico e/ou mineralocorticóides o resultado final do tratamento da HSRC-21OH ainda deixa a desejar, principalmente em relação ao crescimento, já que a estatura final na maior parte das casuísticas está entre -1 e -2 DP em relação a estatura alvo. Novas terapêuticas da HSRC-21OH, como a associação de hidrocortisona, fludrocortisona, flutamida e testolactona ou a suprarrenalectomia cirúrgica ainda estão em fase experimental e a evolução a longo prazo é necessária para avaliar seu real efeito.

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Paál, Dušan, František Strejček, Eva Tvrdá, Grzegorz Formicki, Sabine Klein, Detlef Rath, and Peter Massanyi. "The in Vitro Effect of Taurine on Boar Spermatozoa Quality." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 1 (2018): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866010131.

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The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of taurine (TAU) supplementation on boar spermatozoa motility, viability, acrosome integrity and morphology. Eighteen boar semen samples were diluted with the Androhep PlusTM extender containing no TAU (control) or supplemented with 1.5 mM, 7 mM, 12.5 mM TAU and cultured at 4 °C for 18 days. Sperm motility was evaluated using the computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) system. Furthermore, the samples were fixed and assessed for the occurrence of morphological abnormalities using phase contrast microscopy. Fluorescent dyes SYBR – 14 and propidium iodide were used to determine the sperm viability. Acrosome integrity was examined using PNA – Alexa Fluor 647 and flow cytometry. A gradual decrease of the semen quality was detected in all experimental groups over the course of the study. CASA revealed no selective advantage of TAU supplementation on the spermatozoa motility (p > 0.05). TAU administration showed to be ineffective in preserving spermatozoa viability as well as acrosome integrity as measured by flow cytometry (p > 0.05). Under the conditions of this study, no significant positive effect of TAU was recorded following its administration to the Androhep PlusTM boar semen extender with respect to spermatozoa quality.

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Batulevičius, Darius, Gertrūda Skripkienė, Greta Graužinytė, Augustina Grigaitė, and Valdas Skripka. "Ganglionic and non-ganglionic neurons in frog heart: do they differ?" Papers on Anthropology 26, no. 2 (September 18, 2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/poa.2017.26.2.01.

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This study was designed to compare the morphology of neurons in relation to their distance from the major nerve trunks in the heart of the frog Rana temporaria. Seventy-nine intracardiac neurons were labelled intracellularly with fluorescent markers Lucifer Yellow CH and Alexa Fluor 568. The neurons located on the extensions of the vagus nerve were considered as ganglionic, while neurons spread loosely at further distance from these extensions were considered as non-ganglionic. The mean area of the soma in ganglionic neurons was about 25% larger than in non-ganglionic neurons. Ganglionic neurons had a higher soma area/nucleus area ratio than non-ganglionic neurons. Although both the total number and the total length of dendrite-like processes was similar between the two groups, ganglionic neurons had significantly fewer dendrite-like processes from the soma (1.5±0.3 vs. 3.9±1.0; P<0.05) and shorter total length of these processes from the soma (63±18 μm vs. 178±51 μm; P<0.05). In conclusion, ganglionic and non-ganglionic frog intracardiac neurons exhibit substantial morphological differences. We hypothesize that these differences may indicate different projections or variations in the number of their preganglionic inputs.

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Gibbs, Graham, Teresa Bromidge, Denise Howe, and Stephen Johnson. "Analysis of ZAP-70 Expression in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Using Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) Statistics." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 4671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4671.4671.

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Abstract ZAP-70 is a prognostic marker in CLL and has been shown to correlate closely with VH mutational status in most studies. Assays that require the setting of markers using either T-cells, or a matched isotype control to determine ZAP-70 expression in CLL are subjective and prone to analytical and inter-operator variability. We examined the use of the KS statistical test to analyze histogram overlays as an objective approach to the assessment of ZAP-70 expression in 18 CLL patients with known VH mutational status (VH mutated; n=11, VH unmutated; n=7). Use of the KS statistical test to compare ZAP-70 expression of T cells with B cells in CLL has been recently described by Van Bockstaele et al.(Cytometry Part B 70B:302-308. 2006). In contrast to this approach we used a B cell gating assay with a pre-conjugated alexa-fluor 488 ZAP-70 antibody clone 1E7.2 and an alexa-fluor 488 matched isotype control manufactured by Caltag Laboratories (Burlingame, CA) as previously described by our group. Modifications were made to allow the determination of KS ‘D’values. Statistical analysis of our resulting KS data using a t-test demonstrated a significant difference in ZAP-70 KS ‘D’ values between the two VH mutational groups (p=0.0001). All patients with a KS ‘D’ value of 0.5 or below were VH mutated, whilst all patients with a KS ‘D’ value of 0.7 or above were VH unmutated, with some cross-over between these values. At a threshold KS ‘D’ value of 0.6, 10 of the 11 VH mutated patients were correctly classified (1 patient had a ‘D’ value of 0.68), whilst 6 of the 7 VH unmutated patients were correctly classified (1 patient had a ‘D’ value of 0.59) The sensitivity and specificity of using a threshold KS ‘D’ value of 0.6 was 86% and 91% respectively. Analysis of ZAP-70 expression using the KS statistic is operator independent and thus provides a means for a more reproducible analytical approach in the laboratory. We acknowledge that our initial sample size was small and requires further investigation using a larger sample size to fully validate the diagnostic value of using KS ‘D’ values to determine ZAP-70 expression in CLL.

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Humeres, Pamela, Patricio González, Javiera González, Elizabeth Prado, and Enrique Hiplan. "Carcinoma vesicular de células en anillo de sello: diseminación poco frecuente: Reporte de un caso con tomografía computada por emisión de positrones con fluor 18-deoxiglucosa." Revista médica de Chile 145, no. 4 (April 2017): 527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872017000400013.

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Perez-Romasanta, Luis Alberto, Maria Bellon-Guardia, Javier Torres-Donaire, Eva Lozano-Martin, Miguel Sanz-Martin, and Joaquin Velasco-Jimenez. "Tumor volume delineation in head and neck cancer with 18-fluor-fluorodeoxiglucose positron emission tomography: adaptive thresholding method applied to primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes." Clinical and Translational Oncology 15, no. 4 (August 3, 2012): 283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12094-012-0914-z.

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Perez-Romasanta, L., M. Bellon-Guardia, J. Torres-Donaire, E. Lozano-Martin, M. Sanz-Martin, and J. Velasco-Jimenez. "Tumor Volume Delineation in Head-and-Neck Cancer With 18-Fluor-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography: Adaptive Thresholding Method Applied to Primary Tumors and Metastatic Lymph Nodes." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 84, no. 3 (November 2012): S507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1352.

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Mathy, C. S., T. Mayr, S. Kürpig, M. Meisenheimer, R. C. Dolscheid-Pommerich, B. Stoffel-Wagner, G. Kristiansen, M. Essler, M. H. Muders, and R. A. Bundschuh. "Antihormone treatment differentially regulates PSA secretion, PSMA expression and 68Ga–PSMA uptake in LNCaP cells." Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 147, no. 6 (March 24, 2021): 1733–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00432-021-03583-w.

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Abstract Background In recent years, a variety of innovative therapeutics for castration-resistant prostate cancer have been developed, including novel anti-androgenic drugs, such as abiraterone or VPC-13566. Therapeutic monitoring of these pharmaceuticals is performed either by measuring PSA levels in serum or by imaging. PET using PSMA ligands labeled with Fluor-18 or Gallium-68 is the most sensitive and specific imaging modality for detection of metastases in advanced prostate cancer. To date, it remains unclear how PSMA expression is modulated by anti-hormonal treatment and how it correlates with PSA secretion. Methods We analyzed modulation of PSMA-mRNA and protein expression, 68Ga–PSMA uptake and regulation of PSA secretion by abiraterone or VPC-13566 in LNCaP cells in vitro. Results We found that abiraterone and VPC-13566 upregulate PSMA protein and mRNA expression but block PSA secretion in LNCaP cells. Both anti-androgens also enhanced 68Ga–PSMA uptake normalized by the number of cells, whereas abiraterone and VPC-13566 reduced 68Ga–PSMA uptake in total LNCaP monolayers treated due to cell death. Conclusion Our data indicate that PSA secretion and PSMA expression are differentially regulated upon anti-androgen treatment. This finding might be important for the interpretation of 68Ga–PSMA PET images in monitoring therapies with abiraterone and VPC-13566 in prostate cancer patients, but needs to be validated in vivo.

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TERRA FILHO, MÁRIO, SIDNEY BOMBARDA, JOSÉ SOARES JÚNIOR, and JOSÉ CLÁUDIO MENEGHETTI. "Tomografia por emissão de pósitrons (PET) no tórax: resultados preliminares de uma experiência brasileira." Jornal de Pneumologia 26, no. 4 (August 2000): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-35862000000400005.

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Novos métodos não invasivos estão sendo desenvolvidos para a detecção de neoplasias malignas pulmonares. Dentre estes destaca-se a tomografia por emissão de pósitrons (PET), que utiliza como radiotraçador a deoxi-2-D glicose marcada com fluor-18 (FDG). Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados do FDG-PET, realizado em câmara híbrida com circuito de coincidência em pacientes portadores de doenças pleuropulmonares infecciosas ou tumorais. Material e Métodos: Foram avaliados 15 pacientes divididos em: grupo I – 5 portadores de tuberculose pulmonar, e grupo II – 10 pacientes com possíveis neoplasias pleuropulmonares. Após a administração endovenosa de 185MBq de FDG as aquisições foram feitas em câmara de cintilação ADAC Vertex Plus de duas cabeças. Resultados: No grupo I todos os exames foram positivos. No grupo II, após o estabelecimento diagnóstico por toracotomia em nove e mediastinoscopia em um, observaram-se: dois adenocarcinomas, dois granulomas, um hamartoma, um mesotelioma, uma atelectasia redonda, um carcinoma indiferenciado de pequenas células, um carcinoma indiferenciado de grandes células, uma antracose. Os exames foram positivos em seis pacientes (cinco neoplasias malignas e em um caso de granuloma) e negativos nos outros quatro. Conclusão: O FDG-PET realizado através de câmara híbrida produz imagens de boa qualidade que permitem a identificação de processos infecciosos em atividade. O FDG-PET associado ao quadro clínico/radiológico pode diferenciar as neoplasias pulmonares malignas das benignas.

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Sertpoyraz, F., G. Oncel, S. Kobak, M. Yalcin, K. Kumanlioglu, and I. Karapolat. "Demonstrating disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis." Nuklearmedizin 52, no. 06 (2013): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3413/nukmed-0597-13-06.

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SummaryAim: We aimed to investigate the relationship of fluor-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F FDG PET/CT) with clinical, laboratory parameters and conventional radiographs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients, material, methods: 25 patients with RA diagnosis were evaluated by sociodemographic, clinical [duration of disease (year), the joints in which the complaints started, most recent joint involvement]; other parameters used in RA-specific clinical assessment [Steinbocker functional staging, disease activity score 28 (DAS 28 score), health assessment questionnaire score (HAQ score), general RA assessment (patients’ and physicians’ global assessment), patients’ assessments of pain and general health condition (visual analog scale)], laboratory, radiological [conventional radiology of hand and foot joints], positron emission tomography [18F FDG PET visual total score and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) total score] parameters. Results: No significant correlation was detected between the 18F FDG PET total score and SUVmax total score of the patients and clinical, laboratory, and radiological parameters (p > 0.05). There was no relationship between the cut-off values determined according to the disease activity and 18F FDG PET/ SUVmax total values (p > 0.05). Conclusions: In our study, no relationship was found between disease activity demonstrated by 18F FDG PET/CT in RA patients and clinical, laboratory, and radiological parameters. 18F FDG PET/CT appears to be a more sensitive method in demonstrating disease activity compared to other evaluated methods.

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Quénéhervé, L., C. Trang-Poisson, A. Fantou, M. Flamant, T. Durand, G. Bouguen, J. Bregeon, et al. "P320 Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy to predict the efficacy of vedolizumab as first-line biotherapy in ulcerative colitis." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (January 30, 2023): i460—i461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0450.

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Abstract Background There is no biomarker to guide first-line of biotherapy in ulcerative colitis (UC). The main objective of this multicenter pilot study was to demonstrate the feasibility of identifying a4b7 and/or TNF-a expressing cells by dual-band confocal endomicroscopy (CLE) into the mucosa to predict the response to vedolizumab as first-line biotherapy. NCT02878083. Methods Patients with moderate to severe UC, naïve of biotherapy were prospectively included and received vedolizumab. Patients were evaluated clinically, biologically, endoscopically and histologically at week 22. Nonresponding patients were subsequently treated by adalimumab and were evaluated at week 30. Prior to the initiation of vedolizumab, during endoscopy, 8 biopsies were taken for extemporaneous and ex vivo analysis by CLE, histology and confocal microscopy. Fresh biopsies were treated with vedolizumab coupled with FITC and adalimumab coupled with Alexa-Fluor to analyze their respective fluorescence (figure) in one step with the Dual-band CLE system (Mauna Kea Technologies, France). The number and the surface of positive stained areas visualized by CLE were counted and compared between responders and non-responders. Blood samples were collected before each infusion and were used to analyze the immune cells (LT, LB, NK, monocytes) by FACS and vedolizumab trough levels. Frozen biopsies were analyzed by confocal microscopy (Opal Akoya multiplexing; Tyramide signal amplification) after labeling by an anti-a4b7 antibody. Results 19 patients out of the 20 initially planned were included. Clinical remission, endoscopic improvement (Mayo ≤ 1), endoscopic remission (Mayo 0) at W22 were respectively 58%, 58% and 45%. 18 out of 19 patients (95%) could be analyzed by CLE. The number and surface of vedolizumab-FITC stained areas were numerically superior in responder patients at week22; by contrast, no difference was found for the areas marked by adalimumab-Alexa-fluor. A threshold value of 6 areas marked in CLE by the vedolizumab-FITC at week 0 discriminated responders and non-responders at week 22 with a Se of 78% and a Sp of 85%. No difference of circulating cell population has been identified between responders and non-responders and the vedolizumab trough levels were not predictive of the response. In confocal microscopy, 15 patients have been analyzed; the percentage of a4b7-binding cells was not different between responders (n=9) and non-responders (n=6) Conclusion This study confirms the feasibility of extemporaneous identification by dual-band CLE of the mucosal cells expressing a4b7 and/or TNF-a. Results suggest that only the proportion of cells binding vedolizumab-FITC in the mucosa was indicative of the response to vedolizumab

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Atencio, Daniel. "The discovery of new mineral species and type minerals from Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Geology 45, no. 1 (March 2015): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/23174889201500010011.

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Minerals were seen merely as sources of chemicals: iron ore, copper ore, etc. However, minerals are not just chemicals associations, since they display crystal structures. These two features together provide properties that can be technologically useful. Even though a mineral occurs in very small amount, which does not allow its extraction, it can serve as a model for obtaining the synthetic analogue on an industrial scale. It is necessary that a new-mineral proposal be submitted for approval by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) before publication. Only 65 valid mineral species were first described from Brazil, that is, the type minerals from Brazil. Nineteen of these were published between 1789 and 1959 (0.11 per year). From 1959, when the CNMMN (today CNMNC) - IMA was established, to 2000, 18 approved Brazilian mineral species remain valid (0.43 per year). However, the number of type minerals from Brazil approved in the last 15 years (2000 to 2014) was substantially increased: 28 (1.87 per year). This number is very small considering the wide range of Brazilian geological environments. The two first type species from Brazil, discovered in the 18th century, chrysoberyl and euclase, are important gemological minerals. Two other gem minerals, tourmaline-supergroup members, were published only in the 21st century: uvite and fluor-elbaite. Some type minerals from Brazil are very important technologically speaking. Some examples are menezesite, coutinhoite, lindbergite, pauloabibite, and waimirite-(Y).

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Irmaleny, Irmaleny. "PENTINGNYA MEMELIHARA KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT MASYARAKAT DI MASA PANDEMI." Dharmakarya 12, no. 4 (January 15, 2024): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/dharmakarya.v12i4.32479.

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Pokok Permasalahan. Pandemi covid-19 yang mewabah di Indonesia bahkan ke seluruh dunia mengharuskan masyarakat tetap berada di dalam rumah serta membatasi kegiatan keluar rumah yang salah satunya pergi ke dokter gigi. Keterbatasan pelayanan kesehatan gigi yang diberikan di masa pandemi ini menuntut masyarakat agar lebih memperhatikan kesehatan gigi dan mulutnya sehingga dapat mencegah penyakit dan kerusakan gigi lebih lanjut. Tujuan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya memelihara kesehatan gigi dan mulut di masa pandemi untuk mencegah kunjungan ke dokter gigi yang dapat mengurangi risiko penyebaran covid-19. Metode. Dilakukan survei kondisi gigi dan pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut secara online terhadap 1.006 responden laki-laki dan perempuan berusia 18-55 tahun yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia melalui aplikasi google form. Responden diedukasi tentang perawatan gigi berlubang di masa pandemi melalui kegiatan webinar dengan mendatangkan narasumber di bidang Kesehatan gigi. Selain itu, dilakukan talk show tentang perawatan gigi di media Televisi dengan sesi tanya jawab dan konsultasi singkat. Hasil. Berdasarkan pengisian kuisioner, tanyajawab dan konsultasi singkat yang dilakukan, terlihat kurangnya pemahaman pengunaan fluor, waktu dan teknik menyikat gigi yang baik, dan penanganan yang kurang tepat saat sakit gigi di masa pandemi. Webinar dengan 357 pendaftar yang antusias telah mendapatkan edukasi kesehatan gigi. Talkshow menjadikan kegiatan edukasi lebih interaktif dan menarik minat masyarakat. Kesimpulan. Edukasi pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut perlu diberikan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya memelihara kesehatan gigi dan mulut di masa pandemi.

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Büdeyri, Ibrahim, Olaf Guckelberger, Elsie Oppermann, Dhruvajyoti Roy, Svenja Sliwinski, Felix Becker, Benjamin Struecker, et al. "Ezrin Polarization as a Diagnostic Marker for Circulating Tumor Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma." Cells 14, no. 1 (December 25, 2024): 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14010006.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with no precise method for early detection. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) expressing the dynamic polarity of the cytoskeletal membrane protein, ezrin, have been proposed to play a crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis. This study investigated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of polarized circulating tumor cells (p-CTCs) in HCC patients. CTCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of 20 HCC patients and 18 patients with nonmalignant liver disease (NMLD) via an OncoQuick® kit and immunostained with Ezrin-Alexa Fluor 488®, CD146-PE, and CD45-APC. A fluorescence microscopy was then performed for analysis. The HCC group exhibited significantly higher levels of p-CTCs, with median values of 0.56 p-CTCs/mL, compared to 0.02 p-CTCs/mL (p = 0.03) in the NMLD group. CTCs were detected in 95% of the HCC patients, with a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 89%. p-CTCs were present in 75% of the HCC patients, with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 94%. Higher p-CTC counts were associated with the significantly longer overall survival in HCC patients (p = 0.05). These findings suggest that p-CTCs could serve as valuable diagnostic and prognostic markers for HCC. The incorporation of p-CTCs into diagnostic strategies could enhance therapeutic decision-making and improve patient outcomes.

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Ruers, T. J. M., B. S. Langenhoff, N. Neeleman, G. J. Jager, S. Strijk, Th Wobbes, F. H. M. Corstens, and W. J. G. Oyen. "Value of Positron Emission Tomography With [F-18]Fluorodeoxyglucose in Patients With Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Prospective Study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 20, no. 2 (January 15, 2002): 388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2002.20.2.388.

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PURPOSE: To assess prospectively the value of fluor-18-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), in addition to conventional diagnostic methods (CDM), as a staging modality in candidates for resection of colorectal liver metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 51 patients analyzed for resection of colorectal liver metastases, clinical management decisions were recorded after a complete work-up with CDM. Afterward, FDG-PET scans were performed and any change of clinical management according to FDG-PET results was carefully documented. Discordances between FDG-PET and CDM results were identified and related to the final diagnosis by histopathology, intraoperative findings, and follow-up. RESULTS: In 10 (20%) out of 51 patients, clinical management decisions based on CDM were changed after FDG-PET findings were known. FDG-PET detected unresectable pulmonary (n = 5) and hepatic metastases (n = 1) and ruled out extrahepatic (n = 2) and hepatic disease (n = 2). Due to FDG-PET, eight patients were spared unwarranted liver resection or laparotomy and two other patients were identified as candidates for liver resection. When the results of FDG-PET were regarded as decisive in a retrospective analysis, potential change of management was 29% (15 patients). FDG-PET and CDM showed discordant extrahepatic results in 11 patients (22%) and discordant hepatic results in eight patients (16%). Compared with CDM, FDG-PET resulted in true upstaging (n = 11), true downstaging (n = 5), false upstaging (n = 1), and false downstaging (n = 2). The detection rate of liver metastases on a lesion basis was generally better for computed tomography than for FDG-PET (80% v 65%); this was related to tumor size. CONCLUSION: FDG-PET as a complementary staging method improves the therapeutic management of patients with colorectal liver metastases, especially by detecting unsuspected extrahepatic disease.

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Janetschek, G., A. Häcker, S. Jeschke, S. Ziegerhofer, S. Sega, K. Leeb, and W. Langsteger. "COMPARISON OF 18-FLUOR CHOLIN PET-CT AND LAPAROSCOPIC RADIOISOTOPE-GUIDED SENTINEL LYMPH NODE DISSECTION FOR DETECTION OF PELVIC LYMPH NODE METASTASES IN PATIENTS WITH CLINICALLY LOCALISED PROSTATE CANCER." European Urology Supplements 5, no. 2 (April 2006): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(06)60751-3.

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WAUD, Jonathan P., Alexandra BERMÚDEZ FAJARDO, Thankiah SUDHAHARAN, Andrew R. TRIMBY, Jinny JEFFERY, Ann JONES, and Anthony K. CAMPBELL. "Measurement of proteases using chemiluminescence-resonance-energy-transfer chimaeras between green fluorescent protein and aequorin." Biochemical Journal 357, no. 3 (July 25, 2001): 687–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3570687.

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Homogeneous assays, without a separation step, are essential for measuring chemical events in live cells and for drug discovery screens, and are desirable for making measurements in cell extracts or clinical samples. Here we demonstrate the principle of chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) as a homogeneous assay system, using two proteases as models, one extracellular (α-thrombin) and the other intracellular (caspase-3). Chimaeras were engineered with aequorin as the chemiluminescent energy donor and green fluorescent protein (GFP) or enhanced GFP as the energy acceptors, with a protease linker (6 or 18 amino acid residues) recognition site between the donor and acceptor. Flash chemiluminescent spectra (20–60 s) showed that the spectra of chimaeras matched GFP, being similar to that of luminous jellyfish, justifying their designation as ‘Rainbow’ proteins. Addition of the protease shifted the emission spectrum to that of aequorin in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Separation of the proteolysed fragments showed that the ratio of green to blue light matched the extent of proteolysis. The caspase-3 Rainbow protein was able to provide information on the specificity of caspases in vitro and in vivo. It was also able to monitor caspase-3 activation in cells provoked into apoptosis by staurosporine (1 or 2μM). CRET can also monitor GFP fluor formation. The signal-to-noise ratio of our Rainbow proteins is superior to that of fluorescence resonance energy transfer, providing a potential platform for measuring agents that interact with the reactive site between the donor and acceptor.

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Buchert, R., U. Schulte, J. Lorenzen, K. H. Bohuslavizki, J. Mester, M. Clausen, and C. Bleckmann. "Onko-PET: Bildanalyse mittels Monitor versus standardisierter Filmdokumentation." Nuklearmedizin 38, no. 02 (1999): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632190.

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Zusammenfassung Ziel: Die Wertigkeit einer standardisierten Filmdokumentation in der Beurteilung von 2-[18F]Fluor-2-deoxy-D-Glukose (F-18-FDG) Onko-PET-Untersuchungen sollte untersucht werden. Methoden: 100 Onko-PET-Untersuchungen (ohne Schwächungskorrektur) wurden in Hinblick auf Zahl und Lokalisation malignitätsverdächtiger Läsionen ausgewertet: zum einen mittels standardisierter Filmvorlagen und zum anderen unter zusätzlicher Analyse am Monitor. Die Filmdokumentation beinhaltet erstens transversale Schnitte des Gehirns, zweitens koronale Schnitte und Maximum-intensity-projections (MIPs) sowohl des Kopf-/Halsbereiches als auch drittens des Körperstammes und viertens MIPs der Beine. Bei der Monitorauswertung wurden sämtliche Körperabschnitte in koronaler, transversaler und sagittaler Schnittführung analysiert. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt wurden 315 Läsionen bei 100 Patienten detektiert. Bei 96/100 Untersuchungen fand sich eine Übereinstimmung beider Auswertemethoden in Anzahl und Lokalisation der Läsionen. In der Filmauswertung wurden bei drei Patienten insgesamt sieben Herde in den Beinen übersehen. 9/315 Läsionen in 2/100 Patienten erfuhren durch die zusätzliche Monitorauswertung eine Lokalisationsänderung. Hiervon befanden sich acht der neun Läsionen in den Beinen. Erst nach zusätzlicher Dokumentation der Beine in koronaler Schnittführung wurden sämtliche, in den MIPs übersehene Läsionen detektiert und die topographisch falsch zugeordneten Läsionen konnten konkordant zur Monitorauswertung lokalisiert werden. Bei dieser so ergänzten Filmdokumentation führte die zusätzliche Monitorauswertung zu keiner Detektion weiterer Herde und zu einer klinisch nicht relevanten Lokalisationsänderung von lediglich 1/322 Läsionen. Schlußfolgerung: Die beschriebene, standardisierte Filmdokumentation erlaubt eine Befundung unter nur noch gezieltem Einsatz der Analyse am Monitor. Darüber hinaus entspricht der hier vorgestellte Ansatz den Intentionen der nuklearmedizinischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Standardisierung, daß auswärtige Voruntersuchungen problemlos in eine Verlaufsbeurteilung einbezogen werden können.

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Xu, Jing, Guangming Yang, Tao Li, and Liangming Liu. "Myoendothelial gap junctions mediate regulation of angiopoietin-2-induced vascular hyporeactivity after hypoxia through connexin 43-gated cAMP transfer." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 313, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): C262—C273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00369.2016.

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Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) contributes to vascular hyporeactivity after hemorrhagic shock and hypoxia through upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in a vascular endothelial cell (VEC)-specific and Ang-2/Tie2 receptor-dependent manner. While iNOS is primarily expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the mechanisms of signal transfer from VECs to VSMCs are unknown. A double-sided coculture model with VECs and VSMCs from Sprague-Dawley rats was used to investigate the role of myoendothelial gap junctions (MEGJs), the connexin (Cx) isoforms involved, and other relevant mechanisms. After hypoxia, VSMCs treated with exogenous Ang-2 showed increased iNOS expression and hyporeactivity, as well as MEGJ formation and communication. These Ang-2 effects were suppressed by the MEGJ inhibitor 18α-glycyrrhetic acid (18-GA), Tie2 siRNA, or Cx43 siRNA. Reagents antagonizing cAMP or protein kinase A (PKA) in VECs inhibited Cx43 expression in MEGJs, decreasing MEGJ formation and associated communication, after hypoxia following Ang-2 treatment. The increased cAMP levels in VSMCs and transfer of Alexa Fluor 488-labeled cAMP from VECs to VSMCs, after hypoxia following Ang-2 treatment, was antagonized by Cx43 siRNA. A cAMP antagonist added to VECs or VSMCs inhibited both increased iNOS expression and hyporeactivity in VSMCs subjected to hypoxia following Ang-2 treatment. Based on these findings, we propose that Cx43 was the Cx isoform involved in MEGJ-mediated VEC-dependent regulation of Ang-2, which induces iNOS protein expression and vascular hyporeactivity after hypoxia. Cx43 was upregulated by cAMP and PKA, permitting cAMP transfer between cells.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Fluor-18'

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