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Journal articles on the topic 'Fluorescent sensors'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Zou, Lihua, Rong Ding, Xiaolei Li, Haohan Miao, Jingjing Xu, and Guoqing Pan. "Typical Fluorescent Sensors Exploiting Molecularly Imprinted Hydrogels for Environmentally and Medicinally Important Analytes Detection." Gels 7, no. 2 (2021): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7020067.

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In this work, two typical fluorescent sensors were generated by exploiting molecularly imprinted polymeric hydrogels (MIPGs) for zearalenone (ZON) and glucuronic acid (GA) detection, via the analyte’s self-fluorescence property and receptor’s fluorescence effect, respectively. Though significant advances have been achieved on MIPG-fluorescent sensors endowed with superior stability over natural receptor-sensors, there is an increasing demand for developing sensing devices with cost-effective, easy-to-use, portable advantages in terms of commercialization. Zooming in on the commercial potential of MIPG-fluorescent sensors, the MIPG_ZON is synthesized using zearalanone (an analogue of ZON) as template, which exhibits good detection performance even in corn samples with a limit of detection of 1.6 μM. In parallel, fluorescein-incorporated MIPG_GA is obtained and directly used for cancer cell imaging, with significant specificity and selectivity. Last but not least, our consolidated application results unfold new opportunities for MIPG-fluorescent sensors for environmentally and medicinally important analytes detection.
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2

Fernandes, Gregory E., Ya-Wen Chang, Akash Sharma, and Sarah Tutt. "One-Step Assembly of Fluorescence-Based Cyanide Sensors from Inexpensive, Off-The-Shelf Materials." Sensors 20, no. 16 (2020): 4488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164488.

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We report a simple and versatile approach to assemble sensitive and selective fluorescence “turn-on” sensors for cyanide by combining three off-the-shelf materials; namely fluorescent dye, 1-vinyl imidazole polymer, and cupric chloride. The cyanide-sensing species is a non-fluorescent fluorophore-polymer-Cu2+ complex; which forms as a result of the imidazole polymer’s ability to bind both fluorophore and fluorescence quencher (Cu2+). Cyanide removes Cu2+ from these complexes; thereby “turning-on” sensor fluorescence. These sensors are water-soluble and have a detection limit of ~2.5 μM (CN−) in water. Our ternary complex-based sensing approach also enables facile emission tuning; we demonstrate the convenient, synthesis-free preparation of blue and green-emitting sensors using distyrylbiphenyl and fluorescein fluorophores, respectively. Furthermore; these ternary complexes are easily immobilized using agarose to create cyanide-sensing hydrogels; which are then used in a simple; novel microdiffusion apparatus to achieve interference-free cyanide analysis of aqueous media. The present study provides an inexpensive approach for portable; interference-free cyanide detection.
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3

Li, Xin, Xiaoling Wang, Wei Guo, et al. "Selective Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Environmental Water Samples by Copper Nanoclusters Doped Lanthanide Coordination Polymer Nanocomposites as the Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe." Biosensors 12, no. 6 (2022): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12060372.

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In this paper, a novel, accurate, sensitive and rapid ratiometric fluorescent sensor was fabricated using a copper nanoclusters@infinite coordination polymer (ICP), specifically, terbium ion-guanosine 5’-disodium (Cu NCs@Tb-GMP) nanocomposites as the ratiometric fluorescent probe, to detect alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in water. The fluorescence probe was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experimental results showed that, compared with Tb-GMP fluorescent sensors, Cu ratiometric fluorescent sensors based on NCs encapsulated in Tb-GMP had fewer experimental errors and fewer false-positive signals and were more conducive to the sensitive and accurate detection of ALP. In addition, the developed fluorescent probe had good fluorescence intensity, selectivity, repeatability and stability. Under optimized conditions, the ratiometric fluorescent sensor detected ALP in the range of 0.002–2 U mL−1 (R2 = 0.9950) with a limit of detection of 0.002 U mL−1, and the recovery of ALP from water samples was less than 108.2%. These satisfying results proved that the ratiometric fluorescent probe has good application prospects and provides a new method for the detection of ALP in real water samples.
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4

FREEMANTLE, MICHAEL. "FLUORESCENT SENSORS." Chemical & Engineering News 76, no. 9 (1998): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v076n009.p035.

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5

Liu, Bin, and Ben Zhong Tang. "Fluorescent Sensors." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 34, no. 9 (2013): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.201300077.

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6

Wang, Zongcheng, Huihuang Zheng, Chengliang Zhang, et al. "A Red Emissive Fluorescent Turn-on Sensor for the Rapid Detection of Selenocysteine and Its Application in Living Cells Imaging." Sensors 20, no. 17 (2020): 4768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174768.

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The content of selenocysteine in cells has an important effect on a variety of human diseases, and the detection of selenocysteine by fluorescent sensors in vivo has shown many advantages. In order to further develop fast-reaction-time, good-selectivity, and high-sensitivity long-wavelength selenocysteine fluorescent sensors, we designed and synthesized the compound YZ-A4 as a turn-on fluorescent sensor to detect the content of selenocysteine. The quantitative detection range of the sensor YZ-A4 to selenocysteine was from 0 to 32 μM, and the detection limit was as low as 11.2 nM. The sensor displayed a rapid turn-on response, good selectivity, and high sensitivity to selenocysteine. Finally, we have demonstrated that YZ-A4 could be used for fluorescence imaging of selenocysteine in living cells.
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7

Yuan, Yan-xia, Hong-shang Peng, Jian-tao Ping, Xiao-hui Wang, and Fang-tian You. "A Pyrene@Micelle Sensor for Fluorescent Oxygen Sensing." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/245031.

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For most fluorescent oxygen sensors developed today, their fabrication process is either time-consuming or needs specialized knowledge. In this work, a robust fluorescent oxygen sensor is facilely constructed by dissolving pyrene molecules into CTAB aqueous solution. The as-prepared pyrene@micelle sensors have submicron-sized diameter, and the concentration of utilized pyrene can be reduced as low as 0.8 mM but still can exhibit dominant excimer emission. The excimer fluorescence is sensitive to dissolved oxygen in both intensity and lifetime, and the respective Stern-Volmer plot follows a nonlinear behavior justified by a two-site model. Because of the merits of large Stokes shift (~140 nm), easy fabrication, and robustness, the pyrene@micelle sensors are very attractive for practical determination of oxygen.
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8

Qian, Yong, Xiangfu Meng, Hongji Liu, Xingyu Wang, and Hui Wang. "Bifunctional Nanoparticles as a Recyclable Fluorescent Sensor for pH and Cu2+ Detection and Removal of Heavy Metal Ions." Nano 15, no. 04 (2020): 2050048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292020500484.

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Magnetic and fluorescent-based sensors have demonstrated widely applications due to their easily recycle and quickly optical response. However, the complex synthesis and weaker function of these sensors limit their practical applications. Herein, an unmodified, magnetic-functionalized carbon dots-based fluorescent sensor has been developed for label-free detection of pH and Cu[Formula: see text] with high sensitivity. The sensors can not only reversibly quench and recover the fluorescence signals in response to the variation of surrounding environment including pH and Cu[Formula: see text], but also be used as a high-efficiency recyclable adsorbent for removing Cu[Formula: see text], Hg[Formula: see text], Cr[Formula: see text] and Pb[Formula: see text] from aqueous solution.
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9

Stsiapura V. I. "Temperature-sensitive fluorescence decay kinetics of thioflavin T derivatives in glycerol." Optics and Spectroscopy 130, no. 5 (2022): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/eos.2022.05.54439.13-22.

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Possible use of Thioflavin T based fluorescent molecular rotors as temperature sensors was assessed in this work. Fluorescent properties of Thioflavin T and its derivative 6-Me-BTA-2C in 99% glycerol were studied using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy methods. For Thioflavin T in glycerol it has been found that temperature growth from 261 K to 353 K results in ~ 3 orders of magnitude increase of non-radiative decay rate constant knr for the excited state of the molecule. Fluorescence decay studies by time-correlated single photon counting method showed that fluorescence decay kinetics of Thioflavin T in glycerol can be used for temperature measurements in the range 260-290 K. For 6-Me-BTA-2C molecule the range of the maximal sensitivity was shifted to higher temperatures (280-320 K). The obtained results about fluorescent properties and decay kinetics of Thioflavin T based dyes in highly viscous media can be used to develop nanoscale temperature sensors. Keywords: temperature sensor, fluorescent molecular rotor, nanothermometry, thioflavin T, TICT.
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10

Karsten, Lennard, Lukas Goett-Zink, Julian Schmitz, et al. "Genetically Encoded Ratiometric pH Sensors for the Measurement of Intra- and Extracellular pH and Internalization Rates." Biosensors 12, no. 5 (2022): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12050271.

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pH-sensitive fluorescent proteins as genetically encoded pH sensors are promising tools for monitoring intra- and extracellular pH. However, there is a lack of ratiometric pH sensors, which offer a good dynamic range and can be purified and applied extracellularly to investigate uptake. In our study, the bright fluorescent protein CoGFP_V0 was C-terminally fused to the ligand epidermal growth factor (EGF) and retained its dual-excitation and dual-emission properties as a purified protein. The tandem fluorescent variants EGF-CoGFP-mTagBFP2 (pK′ = 6.6) and EGF-CoGFP-mCRISPRed (pK′ = 6.1) revealed high dynamic ranges between pH 4.0 and 7.5. Using live-cell fluorescence microscopy, both pH sensor molecules permitted the conversion of fluorescence intensity ratios to detailed intracellular pH maps, which revealed pH gradients within endocytic vesicles. Additionally, extracellular binding of the pH sensors to cells expressing the EGF receptor (EGFR) enabled the tracking of pH shifts inside cultivation chambers of a microfluidic device. Furthermore, the dual-emission properties of EGF-CoGFP-mCRISPRed upon 488 nm excitation make this pH sensor a valuable tool for ratiometric flow cytometry. This high-throughput method allowed for the determination of internalization rates, which represents a promising kinetic parameter for the in vitro characterization of protein–drug conjugates in cancer therapy.
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11

Karsten, Lennard, Lukas Goett-Zink, Julian Schmitz, et al. "Genetically Encoded Ratiometric pH Sensors for the Measurement of Intra- and Extracellular pH and Internalization Rates." Biosensors 12, no. 5 (2022): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12050271.

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pH-sensitive fluorescent proteins as genetically encoded pH sensors are promising tools for monitoring intra- and extracellular pH. However, there is a lack of ratiometric pH sensors, which offer a good dynamic range and can be purified and applied extracellularly to investigate uptake. In our study, the bright fluorescent protein CoGFP_V0 was C-terminally fused to the ligand epidermal growth factor (EGF) and retained its dual-excitation and dual-emission properties as a purified protein. The tandem fluorescent variants EGF-CoGFP-mTagBFP2 (pK′ = 6.6) and EGF-CoGFP-mCRISPRed (pK′ = 6.1) revealed high dynamic ranges between pH 4.0 and 7.5. Using live-cell fluorescence microscopy, both pH sensor molecules permitted the conversion of fluorescence intensity ratios to detailed intracellular pH maps, which revealed pH gradients within endocytic vesicles. Additionally, extracellular binding of the pH sensors to cells expressing the EGF receptor (EGFR) enabled the tracking of pH shifts inside cultivation chambers of a microfluidic device. Furthermore, the dual-emission properties of EGF-CoGFP-mCRISPRed upon 488 nm excitation make this pH sensor a valuable tool for ratiometric flow cytometry. This high-throughput method allowed for the determination of internalization rates, which represents a promising kinetic parameter for the in vitro characterization of protein–drug conjugates in cancer therapy.
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12

Walt, David R., Venetka Agayn, Karen Bronk, and Steven Barnard. "Fluorescent optical sensors." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 41, no. 1-2 (1993): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02918538.

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13

Li, Zi-Wei, Bin Tan, Zhao-Feng Wu, and Xiao-Ying Huang. "A Robust Strontium Coordination Polymer with Selective and Sensitive Fluorescence Sensing Ability for Fe3+ Ions." Materials 16, no. 2 (2023): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020577.

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Exploration of sensitive and selective fluorescence sensors towards toxic metal species is of great importance to solve metal pollution issues. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) strontium coordination polymer of Sr2(tcbpe) (H4tcbpe = 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-(4-carboxy-phenyl)phenyl)ethene) has been synthesized and developed as a fluorescent sensor to Fe3+ ions. Sr2(tcbpe) shows a mechanochromic fluorescence with emission shifting from blue of the pristine to green after being ground. Notably, based on a fluorescence quenching mechanism, Sr2(tcbpe) displays a sensitive and selective fluorescent sensing behavior to Fe3+ ions with a detection limit of 0.14 mM. Moreover, Sr2(tcbpe) exhibits high tolerance to water in a wide pH range (pH = 3–13), demonstrating that Sr2(tcbpe) is a potential fluorescent sensor of Fe3+ in water.
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14

Fan, Xiaozhou, Wenqi Zhang, Fangcheng Lü, Yueyi Sui, Jiaxue Wang, and Ziqiang Xu. "Research of Fluorescent Properties of a New Type of Phosphor with Mn2+-Doped Ca2SiO4." Sensors 21, no. 8 (2021): 2788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082788.

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Fluorescent optical fiber temperature sensors have attracted extensive attention due to their strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability, good high-voltage insulation performance, and fast response speed. The fluorescent material of the sensor probe directly determines the temperature measurement effect. In this paper, a new type of fluorescent material with a Mn2+-doped Ca2SiO4 phosphor (CSO:Mn2+) is synthesized via the solid-state reaction method at 1450 °C. The X-ray diffraction spectrum shows that the sintered sample has a pure phase structure, although the diffraction peaks show a slight shift when dopants are added. The temperature dependence of the fluorescence intensity and lifetime in the range from 290 to 450 K is explored with the help of a fluorescence spectrometer. Green emission bands peaking at 475 and 550 nm from Mn2+ are observed in the fluorescence spectra, and the intensity of emitted light decreases as the temperature rises. The average lifetime of CSO:Mn2+ is 17 ms, which is much higher than the commonly used fluorescent materials on the market. The fluorescence lifetime decreases with increasing temperature and shows a good linear relationship within a certain temperature range. The research results are of great significance to the development of a new generation of fluorescence sensors.
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15

Gu, Haiyang, Chen Sun, Rong Wang, et al. "Metalloporphyrin-Based Fluorescent Sensor for the Discrimination of Volatile Organic Compounds Using Density Functional Theory." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 2 (2022): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3190.

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This spectral property of the fluorescent sensors were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The considered silver porphyrin (AgP) was selected as a representative dye for the theoretical study of the fluorescent sensors. The molecular structures of AgP and its complexes were optimized at B3LYP/LANL2DZ basis set. The calculated geometry structures, front-line molecular orbitals, absorption spectra, and electronic structures were analyzed to reveal the molecular reaction between AgP-based fluorescent sensors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The energy gaps indicated that the efficient orders of AgP-based fluorescent sensor reacted with volatile organic compounds were shown as O2 < N2 < propane (L3) < propaldehyde (L5) < H2S < propanol (L2) < trimethylamine (L1) < ethyl acetate (L6) < butanone (L4). The calculated results all reveal that the AgP-based fluorescent sensor possesses significant changes (i.e., molecular structure, frontline molecular orbital, and absorption spectra) before and after reacting with volatile organic compounds, which are closely related to the selectivity and sensitivity property of AgP-based fluorescent sensor. Therefore, this study may be useful for the AgP-based fluorescent sensor in a special application region.
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16

Tewson, Paul, Scott Martinka, Nathan Shaner, Catherine Berlot, Anne Marie Quinn та Thomas Hughes. "Assay for Detecting Gαi-Mediated Decreases in cAMP in Living Cells". SLAS DISCOVERY: Advancing the Science of Drug Discovery 23, № 9 (2018): 898–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472555218786238.

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Cell-based assays to detect Gαi signaling are often indirect, frequently involve complex pharmacological interventions, and are usually blind to the kinetics of the signaling. Our goal was to develop a simple, direct measure of Gαi signaling in living cells. We previously reported our fluorescent cADDis assay and showed that it reliably detects Gαs-mediated increases in cAMP levels. Agonists that stimulate a Gs-coupled receptor produce changes in the intensity of bright green or red fluorescent protein sensors that can be followed over time using automated fluorescence plate readers or fluorescence imaging systems. Since the cADDis sensors can monitor Gαs-mediated increases in adenylyl cyclase activity, in theory they should also be capable of detecting Gαi-mediated decreases. Here we apply our green fluorescent cADDis sensor to the detection of Gαi-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity. We validated and optimized the assay in living HEK 293T cells using several known Gαi-coupled receptors and agonists, and we report robust Z′ statistics and consistent EC50 responses.
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17

Swager, Timothy M., and Jordan H. Wosnick. "Self-Amplifying Semiconducting Polymers for Chemical Sensors." MRS Bulletin 27, no. 6 (2002): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2002.143.

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AbstractThe ability of excited states (excitons) to migrate rapidly and efficiently through conjugated polymers makes these materials ideal for use in sensors based on fluorescence quenching or amplification of fluorescence signals. The structural features we are able to introduce into these polymers have allowed us both to design highly sensitive fluorescent sensors for specific analytes, such as the explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT), and to create assemblies that control energy transfer along a predetermined path. The principles involved have broad utility in the design of sensory materials as well as of electronic devices and display components based on electronic polymers.
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18

Topa, Monika, Filip Petko, Mariusz Galek, and Joanna Ortyl. "Double Role of Diphenylpyridine Derivatives as Fluorescent Sensors for Monitoring Photopolymerization and the Determination of the Efficiencies of the Generation of Superacids by Cationic Photoinitiators." Sensors 20, no. 11 (2020): 3043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113043.

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Novel fluorescent sensors with electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents incorporated into a chromophore group based on 2,6-diphenylpyridine were designed and synthesised. The spectroscopic properties of these compounds were studied. Moreover, the positive solvatochromism of 2,6-bis-(4-methylsulphanylphenyl)pyridine (PT-SCH3) in selected solvents was studied by measurement of the absorption and emission spectra and analysed using the Dimroth–Reichardt solvent parameter set. After that, the performance of a series of 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives as fluorescent molecular sensors for monitoring free-radical and cationic photopolymerization processes by the Fluorescence Probe Technique (FPT) was studied. As a consequence of this stage of research, the effect of substituents on the sensitivity of the 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives as sensors during photopolymerization has been evaluated and discussed. It has been found that compounds containing strong electron-donating substituent (PT-SCH3) slightly shift their fluorescence spectrum during the free-radical polymerization of monomer, which enables the monitoring of the polymerization progress using the fluorescence intensity ratio measured at two different wavelengths as the progress indicator. The position of the fluorescence spectrum of 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives with electron-withdrawing substituents is practically insensitive to changes occurring in their environment. Hence, it is recommended to use these compounds with different indicators of the progress of the photopolymerization process based on normalised intensity of fluorescence (Imax/I0). Among the compounds studied, 2,6-bis(4-methylsulphanylphenyl)pyridine (PT-SCH3) turned out to be the best fluorescent sensor for the purpose of monitoring free-radical polymerization by FPT. Consequently, the dual application of the selected 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives is proposed: (a) as fluorescent sensors for monitoring the free-radical photopolymerization progress, and (b) as spectroscopic sensors for the determination of efficiencies of the generation of superacids by cationic photoinitiators during the cationic photopolymerization process. Finally, a new method for determining the relative efficiency of the photogeneration of superacids during the photo cleavage of onium salt has been devised and applied for the evaluation of the performance of 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives.
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19

Li, Guang-Yue, Wen-Liang Li, Hang Zhang, and Xiao-Ran Sun. "Theoretical study on phthalocynine-Fe(II)-based fluorescent sensors for cyanide anion." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 13, no. 01 (2014): 1450006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633614500060.

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Three fluorescent sensors bearing phthalocynine- Fe ( II ) moiety were designed specifically for detecting cyanide anions, and investigated by DFT/TDDFT method. Comparison of the geometrical and photophysical properties of these sensor molecules, equipped with H -, carbamoyl and phthalimino groups, provided a deep insight into the sensor–cyanide interactions. The binding energy calculation shows that all the three sensors have good selectivity to the cyanide anion. Especially, frontier molecular orbital analysis confirmed that there was a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process in the sensor with phthalimino group upon the addition of cyanide anion. This process could cause the fluorescence change. As a result, the sensor with phthalimino group displayed several favorable sensing properties.
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20

Latorre, Alfonso, Romina Lorca, and Álvaro Somoza. "Fluorescent DNA Stabilized Silver Nanoclusters as Biosensors." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/631421.

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DNA stabilized fluorescent silver nanoclusters are promising materials, of which fluorescent properties can be exploited to develop sensors. Particularly, the presence of a DNA strand in the structure has promoted the development of gene sensors where one part of the sensor is able to recognize the target gene sequence. Moreover, since oligonucleotides can be designed to have binding properties (aptamers) a variety of sensors for proteins and cells have been developed using silver nanoclusters. In this review the applications of this material as sensors of different biomolecules are summarized.
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21

Peng, Xiao Jun. "Fluorescence Chemosensors Based on Intramolecular Charge Transfer and Intramolecular Energy Transfer." Advanced Materials Research 441 (January 2012): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.441.783.

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Ratiometric fluorescent sensors which based on ICT mechanism permit signal rationing to detect target molecules by measuring the ratio of fluorescence intensities at two different wavelengths, which are autoemitted by sensors upon binding objects. The autoreferential function of relative changes of two fluorescence intensities may avoid the influences of many nontarget factors in the changes of monofluorescence intensity. Therefore, the design of ratiometric fluorescent sensors is of great current interest. Generally, Cd2+ and Zn2+ havevery similar chemical properties, so the discrimination of them is very difficult.In sensor 1, we chose boradiazaindacene (BODIPY) as the fluorophore because it absorbs and emits in the visible region with high quantum yield, large extinction coefficient and good photo-stability,and N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)benzenamine as Cd2+ receptor. A vinyl group between the receptor and BODIPY fluorophore can induce red-shifts in absorption and fluorescence spectra. When Cd2+ is added into the aqueous solution of 1, owing to the reduction of the electron-donating character of the receptor, the photophysical properties of BODIPY will consequently be changed. In fact, 1 can distinguish Cd2+ from Zn2+ and especially can be used in both general fluorescence microscopy and ratiometric fluorescence microscopy.
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22

Carrillo-Betancourt, Rodolfo A., A. Darío López-Camero, and Juan Hernández-Cordero. "Luminescent Polymer Composites for Optical Fiber Sensors." Polymers 15, no. 3 (2023): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15030505.

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Optical fiber sensors incorporating luminescent materials are useful for detecting physical parameters and biochemical species. Fluorescent materials integrated on the tips of optical fibers, for example, provide a means to perform fluorescence thermometry while monitoring the intensity or the spectral variations of the fluorescence signal. Similarly, certain molecules can be tracked by monitoring their characteristic emission in the UV wavelength range. A key element for these sensing approaches is the luminescent composite, which may be obtained upon allocating luminescent nanomaterials in glass or polymer hosts. In this work, we explore the fluorescence features of two composites incorporating lanthanide-doped fluorescent powders using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a host. The composites are obtained by a simple mixing procedure and can be subsequently deposited onto the end faces of optical fibers via dip coating or molding. Whereas one of the composites has shown to be useful for the fabrication of fiber optic temperature sensors, the other shows promising result for detection of UV radiation. The performance of both composites is first evaluated for the fabrication of membranes by examining features such as fluorescent stability. We further explore the influence of parameters such as particle concentration and density on the fluorescence features of the polymer blends. Finally, we demonstrate the incorporation of these PDMS fluorescent composites onto optical fibers and evaluate their sensing capabilities.
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23

Chuvashov, R. D., D. V. Belyaev, K. O. Khokhlov, et al. "FLUORESCENT DETECTION OF NITROBENZENE VAPORS VIA FLUOROPHORE-DOPED POLYSTYRENE MATERIALS." Аналитика и контроль 26, no. 4 (2022): 284–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2022.26.4.005.

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Integration of fluorescent substances into polymeric matrices can improve their sensory properties and photostability. In this work, fluorescent materials based on fluorophore-doped polystyrene were obtained and characterized as sensors towards the ecotoxicant nitrobenzene in gas phase. Melamine-formaldehyde foam has been proposed as a permeable substrate for the sensor material deposition applicable for gas-phase measurements. The effect on sensor properties of the porous material surface obtained via Breath Figure pore generation technique was investigated. Limits of detection and calibration relationships of obtained materials towards nitrobenzene were evaluated by materials exposure to low concentrations of nitrobenzene vapors. The sorption properties of polystyrene allow the retention of the quencher near the fluorophore, leading to improved detection limits compared with pure fluorophores. Obtaining a porous surface of the polymer material by the Breath Figure technique increases the scale of its fluorescence quenching by vapors. Detection limits (down to 0.45 ppm) and detectable concentration ranges (0.5 - 371.6 ppm) have been experimentally established. The relative standard deviations of the fluorescent signal of polymer materials do not exceed 13.3 % for a number of concentrations in the detectable range. The applicability of the calibration linear relationship of the logarithm of the fluorescent signal on the logarithm of the nitrobenzene vapor concentration is shown. Fluorescence signal measurements were performed using the original sensor element and the luminescence detector employing an array of fluorescent materials. The developed device is simple in application, portable, automated, and in combination with the used polymeric materials allows detection of nitrobenzene vapors in concentrations 2.5 times lower than the maximum permissible level.
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24

Wannas, Fatimah A., Rajaa Abd Alameer Gafel, and Noor Dia Jaffer. "A Literature Review on The Fluorescence and phosphorescent." American International Journal of Sciences and Engineering Research 2, no. 1 (2019): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijser.v2i1.53.

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The present literature explains Fluorescence and phosphorescent in chemical compounds , fluorescence has types practical uses and applications, containing mineralogy, medicine, chemical sensors (fluorescence technique), fluorescent labeling , dyes compounds , medical detectors and most commonly, fluorescent lamps.
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25

Gu, Haiyang, Kaiqi Liu, Xingyi Huang, Quansheng Chen, Yanhui Sun, and Chin Ping Tan. "A density functional theory study of metalloporphyrin derivatives act as fluorescent sensor for rapid evaluation of trimethylamine." Materials Express 10, no. 9 (2020): 1560–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2020.1787.

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A fluorescent sensor based on metalloporphyrin was developed for trimethylamine (TMA) evaluation. Density functional theory (DFT) has been performed to investigate the design mechanism of fluorescent sensor. Fourteen metalloporphyrin (MP) models were selected to find the influence of metal atoms and substituent groups on the binding performance of fluorescent sensor. The optimized geometry structures, relative energies, mulliken charges, spin densities, and four frontier molecular orbitals together with binding energies of these fluorescent sensors were investigated. AgP sensor has the lowest relative energies before and after exposure to TMA, which make AgP sensor better than the others to go through more than one pathway. Binding energy results revealed that the metalloporphyrin sensors with different metal atoms and substituent groups cause remarkable changes in TMA binding performances. Thus, theoretical investigations can be used to extend the fluorescent sensor in to TMA related analytes in different detection requirements, and perhaps other molecule.
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26

Grazon, Chloé, Yang Si, Jean-Pierre Placial, Jutta Rieger, Rachel Méallet-Renault, and Gilles Clavier. "Core–shell polymeric nanoparticles comprising BODIPY and fluorescein as ultra-bright ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 18, no. 5 (2019): 1156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8pp00457a.

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Ultra-bright pH-sensitive fluorescent nanoparticles, including BODIPY in their core and fluorescein in their shell, are synthesized. They contain more than 2500 fluorophores and exhibit a linear fluorescence response between pH 5.5 and 7.5.
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Rzhechitskiy, Yaroslav, Anton Gurkov, Nadezhda Bolbat, et al. "Adipose Fin as a Natural “Optical Window” for Implantation of Fluorescent Sensors into Salmonid Fish." Animals 12, no. 21 (2022): 3042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12213042.

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Implantable optical sensors are emerging tools that have the potential to enable constant real-time monitoring of various internal physiological parameters. Such a possibility will open new horizons for health control not only in medicine, but also in animal husbandry, including aquaculture. In this study, we analyze different organs of commonly farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as implantation sites for fluorescent sensors and propose the adipose fin, lacking an endoskeleton, as the optimal choice. The fin is highly translucent due to significantly thinner dermis, which makes the detectable fluorescence of an implanted sensor operating at the visible light range by more than an order of magnitude higher relative to the skin. Compared to the proximal parts of ray fins, the adipose fin provides easy implantation and visualization of the sensor. Finally, we tested fluorescent pH sensors inside the adipose fin and demonstrated the possibility of acquiring their signal with a simple hand-held device and without fish anesthesia. All these features will most likely make the adipose fin the main “window” into the internal physiological processes of salmonid fish with the help of implantable optical sensors.
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Peerzade, Saquib, Nadezhda Makarova, and Igor Sokolov. "Ultrabright Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles for Dual pH and Temperature Measurements." Nanomaterials 11, no. 6 (2021): 1524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061524.

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The mesoporous nature of silica nanoparticles provides a novel platform for the development of ultrabright fluorescent particles, which have organic molecular fluorescent dyes physically encapsulated inside the silica pores. The close proximity of the dye molecules, which is possible without fluorescence quenching, gives an advantage of building sensors using FRET coupling between the encapsulated dye molecules. Here we present the use of this approach to demonstrate the assembly of ultrabright fluorescent ratiometric sensors capable of simultaneous acidity (pH) and temperature measurements. FRET pairs of the temperature-responsive, pH-sensitive and reference dyes are physically encapsulated inside the silica matrix of ~50 nm particles. We demonstrate that the particles can be used to measure both the temperature in the biologically relevant range (20 to 50 °C) and pH within 4 to 7 range with the error (mean absolute deviation) of 0.54 °C and 0.09, respectively. Stability of the sensor is demonstrated. The sensitivity of the sensor ranges within 0.2–3% °C−1 for the measurements of temperature and 2–6% pH−1 for acidity.
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Zhang, Xiaozhou, Sabrina Heng, Jinxin Pei, Jacqueline Morey, Christopher McDevitt, and Andrew Abell. "A Liposomal Platform for Sensing of Extracellular Analytes Near Cells." Biosensors 8, no. 4 (2018): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios8040117.

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Cell-permeable fluorescent chemosensors (calcein, monochlorobimane, and a recently reported spiropyran-based sensor SP2) have been incorporated into yeast total lipid extract-based liposomes to suppress inherent cell permeability to allow the detection of extracellular Ca2+, GSH, and Zn2+, respectively. The repurposed sensors have enhanced aqueous solubility and the ability to quantitatively measure biologically relevant concentrations of Ca2+ (0.25 mM–1 mM), Zn2+ (6.25 µM–50 µM), and GSH (0.25 mM–1 mM) by fluorescence in aqueous media. In addition, the liposomal sensors are nontoxic to HEK293 cells and have the ability to detect exogenously added Zn2+ (1 mM), Ca2+ (1 mM), or GSH (1 mM) near cells without internalisation. This new sensing platform provides a means to repurpose a range of intracellular fluorescent sensors to specifically detect extracellular analytes, while also improving biocompatibility for overall enhanced use in a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Alyamani, Baraa J., Omar A. Alsager, and Mohammed Zourob. "Label-Free Fluorescent Aptasensor for Small Targets via Displacement of Groove Bound Curcumin Molecules." Sensors 19, no. 19 (2019): 4181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194181.

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Signal transduction based on fluorescence is one of the most common optical aptasensors for small molecules. Sensors with a number of unique features including high sensitivity, low cost, and simple operation can be constructed easily. However, the label-free fluorescent approach is limited to synthetic dyes that bind strongly to the aptamer sequence and result in a diminished sensor operation with high detection limits. In this study, we report the use of curcumin as a fluorescent probe to signal aptamer/small target binding events. A substantial enhancement in curcumin’s fluorescent emission was observed when bound into the grooves of vitamin D3 (VTD3) binding aptamer, as an example. However, the introduction of the target molecule causes the aptamer to undergo a conformational change that favors complexing the target molecule over binding the curcumin dye. The sensor was able to detect VTD3 down to 1 fM concentration in buffer solutions and extracted blood samples, operate at a wide dynamic range, and discriminate against potential biological interfering molecules including VTD2. The operation of the curcumin based fluorescent sensor is at least six orders of magnitude more sensitive than a VTD3 sensor constructed with the synthetic dye SYBR Green I. The generality of the reported label-free approach was applied with a previously isolated 75-mer bisphenol-A (BPA) aptamer, confirming that the reported sensing strategy is not confined on a particular aptamer sequence. Our work not only reports a novel sensor format for the detection of small molecules, but also serves fluorescent sensor’s most pressing need being novel fluorophores for multiplex targets detection.
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Sokolinskaya, Elena L., Lidia V. Putlyaeva, Vasilisa S. Polinovskaya, and Konstantin A. Lukyanov. "Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Sensors for SARS-CoV-2 Papain-like Protease PLpro." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 14 (2022): 7826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147826.

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In the SARS-CoV-2 lifecycle, papain-like protease PLpro cuts off the non-structural proteins nsp1, nsp2, and nsp3 from a large polyprotein. This is the earliest viral enzymatic activity, which is crucial for all downstream steps. Here, we designed two genetically encoded fluorescent sensors for the real-time detection of PLpro activity in live cells. The first sensor was based on the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the red fluorescent protein mScarlet as a donor and the biliverdin-binding near-infrared fluorescent protein miRFP670 as an acceptor. A linker with the PLpro recognition site LKGG in between made this FRET pair sensitive to PLpro cleavage. Upon the co-expression of mScarlet-LKGG-miRFP670 and PLpro in HeLa cells, we observed a gradual increase in the donor fluorescence intensity of about 1.5-fold. In the second sensor, both PLpro and its target—green mNeonGreen and red mScarletI fluorescent proteins separated by an LKGG-containing linker—were attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Upon cleavage by PLpro, mScarletI diffused from the ER throughout the cell. About a two-fold increase in the nucleus/cytoplasm ratio was observed as a result of the PLpro action. We believe that the new PLpro sensors can potentially be used to detect the earliest stages of SARS-CoV-2 propagation in live cells as well as for the screening of PLpro inhibitors.
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sarkar, Mrinal. "A Review on 2,6-Diformyl-4-methylphenol Derived Schiff Bases as Fluorescent Sensors." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 8 (2020): 1837–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22644.

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2,6-Diformyl-4-methylphenol fluorophore derived Schiff base sensors detect metal ions such as Zn2+, Al3+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Sn2+ and Cu2+ with high sensitivity and selectivity through changes in fluorescence intensity based on CHEF, ICT, FRET, ESIPT, C=N isomerization and PET mechanism. Several anions viz. HPO4 2–, H2PO4 –, PO4 3–, AsO3 3–, H2AsO4 –, AsO2 –, PPi (pyrophosphate), I–, F– and N3 – were also detected through intermolecular hydrogen bonding (between sensor and anion) based on TICT, PET, CHEF, ESIPT and aggregation induced emission mechanism. Selectivity and sensitivity for these metal ions and anions were achieved by introducing various amines to core fluorophore 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol. Majority of these fluorescent sensors were Zn2+ ion selective. Due to the filled d10 electronic configuration of Zn2+ ion usually does not show deactivation of excited state via any electron or energy transfer mechanisms. Both solvent dependent and independent ten multi-ion selective sensors are found. This review will consolidate on 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol derived Schiff base fluorescent chemosensors.
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33

SOH, Nobuaki. "DNA-based Fluorescent Sensors." Analytical Sciences 34, no. 5 (2018): 515–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.highlights1805.

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Uchiyama, Seiichi, and Yumi Makino. "Digital fluorescent pH sensors." Chemical Communications, no. 19 (2009): 2646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b900889f.

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35

Secor, Kristen, Jeffrey Plante, Christopher Avetta, and Timothy Glass. "Fluorescent sensors for diamines." Journal of Materials Chemistry 15, no. 37 (2005): 4073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b503269e.

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Chen, Shuai, Zexu Xue, Nan Gao, Xiaomei Yang, and Ling Zang. "Perylene Diimide-Based Fluorescent and Colorimetric Sensors for Environmental Detection." Sensors 20, no. 3 (2020): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030917.

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Perylene tetracarboxylic diimide (PDI) and its derivatives exhibit excellent thermal, chemical and optical stability, strong electron affinity, strong visible-light absorption and unique fluorescence on/off features. The combination of these features makes PDIs ideal molecular frameworks for development in a broad range of sensors for detecting environmental pollutants such as heavy metal ions (e.g., Cu2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Pd2+, etc.), inorganic anions (e.g., F−, ClO4−, PO4−, etc.), as well as poisonous organic compounds such as nitriles, amines, nitroaromatics, benzene homologues, etc. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advance in research and development of PDI-based fluorescent sensors, as well as related colorimetric and multi-mode sensor systems, for environmental detection in aqueous, organic or mixed solutions. The molecular design of PDIs and structural optimization of the sensor system (regarding both sensitivity and selectivity) in response to varying analytes are discussed in detail. At the end, a perspective summary is provided covering both the key challenges and potential solutions for the future development of PDI-based optical sensors.
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Hu, JingHan, JianBin Li, Jing Qi, and JuanJuan Chen. "Highly selective and effective mercury(ii) fluorescent sensors." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 2 (2015): 843–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nj01147c.

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A novel and sulfur-free mercury specifically selective and highly sensitive fluorescent chemosensorLbased on the benzimidazole group and the quinoline group as the fluorescence signal group has been designed and synthesized.
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38

Rui Qiao, Rui Qiao, Hai Yun Fan Hai Yun Fan, Cui Bing Bai Cui Bing Bai, et al. "Using Heterocycle to Improve the Selectivity of Rhodamine-6G Dye: Synthesis of Pyrrole-Modified Rhodamine-6G and its Recognition to Zn2+." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 41, no. 2 (2019): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000732/jcsp/41.02.2019.

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The fluorescent sensor XQN for Zn2+ based on rhodamine-6G have been designed and synthesized. XQN showed fluorescent specific selectivity and high sensitivity for Zn2+ against other metal ions such as Fe3+, Cr3+, Hg2+, Ag+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Mg2+ in CH3CN-PBS(phosphate buffer saline) (10 mM, v/v=7:3, pH = 7.4) solution. The distinct color change and the rapid emergence of fluorescence emission provided naked-eyes detection for Zn2+. The test strip results showed that these sensors could act as a convenient and efficient Zn2+ test kit. The recognition mechanism of the sensor toward Zn2+ was evaluated by IR and the Job’s plots. The detection limits of XQN towards Zn2+ was calculated as 2.39 and#181;M. In addition, XQN-Zn2+ fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence quantum yield were also measured.
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39

Zhang, Yanan, Dajun Hou, Zelong Wang, Ning Cai, and Chaktong Au. "Nanomaterial-Based Dual-Emission Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensors for Biosensing and Cell Imaging." Polymers 13, no. 15 (2021): 2540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152540.

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Owing to the unique optophysical properties of nanomaterials and their self-calibration characteristics, nanomaterial-based (e.g., polymer dots (Pdots) quantum dots (QDs), silicon nanorods (SiNRs), and gold nanoparticle (AuNPs), etc.) ratiometric fluorescent sensors play an essential role in numerous biosensing and cell imaging applications. The dual-emission ratiometric fluorescence technique has the function of effective internal referencing, thereby avoiding the influence of various analyte-independent confounding factors. The sensitivity and precision of the detection can therefore be greatly improved. In this review, the recent progress in nanomaterial-based dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent biosensors is systematically summarized. First, we introduce two general design approaches for dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent sensors, involving ratiometric fluorescence with changes of one response signal and two reversible signals. Then, some recent typical examples of nanomaterial-based dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent biosensors are illustrated in detail. Finally, probable challenges and future outlooks for dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent nanosensors for biosensing and cell imaging are rationally discussed.
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Nguyen, Yen Thi, Seunghan Shin, Kiok Kwon, Namdoo Kim, and Se Won Bae. "BODIPY-based fluorescent sensors for detection of explosives." Journal of Chemical Research 47, no. 2 (2023): 174751982311689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17475198231168961.

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The detecting and screening of explosives has become a global consideration in dealing with potential terrorism threats and the misuse of high explosives. Several detection techniques have been developed, but their disadvantages include the requirement of expensive equipment, complicated pre-treatment, and prolonged testing. So far, fluorescence-based sensors have been of great interest as they overcome the limitations of other techniques. BODIPY, which is a fluorophore, shows excellent fluorescence features, and it can be used as a sensor material for explosives detection. However, to date, BODIPY-based explosive sensors have not been explored in detail. This work reviews the recent developments on explosive sensors based on BODIPY and its analogs.
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Wang, Li Hua. "Fluorescent Sensors for Mg(II) Based on Phthalocyanine PcOC8." Applied Mechanics and Materials 454 (October 2013): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.454.106.

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A chemosensor was designed, and its sensing behavior toward metal ions was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopies. The fluorescence measurements indicated that the PcOC8 has excellent fluorescence emission in methanol solution, and the intensity of fluorescence emission was enhanced by adding Mg (II) ion, whereas other ions including Zn (II), Ba (II), Ca (II), Ni (II), Co (II), Cd (II), Cr (II), Fe (III), Pb (II), Cu (II), and K(I) could quench the intensity of fluorescence emission, which constituted a Mg (II)-selective fluorescent chemosensor.
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42

Suzuki, Yoshio. "Development of Magnetic Nanobeads Modified by Artificial Fluorescent Peptides for the Highly Sensitive and Selective Analysis of Oxytocin." Sensors 20, no. 20 (2020): 5956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205956.

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We describe two novel fluorescent peptides (compounds 1 and 2) targeting oxytocin with a boron-dipyrromethenyl group as the fluorophore bound to an artificial peptide based on the oxytocin receptor, and their application for the analysis of oxytocin levels in human serum using nanometer-sized magnetic beads modified by fluorescent peptides (FMB-1 and FMB-2). Under the optimized experimental protocols, FMB-1 and FMB-2 emitted low levels of fluorescence but emitted much higher levels of fluorescence when associated with oxytocin. The detection limit of oxytocin by FMB-2 was 0.4 pM, which is approximately 37.5 times higher than that of conventional methods, such as ELISA. Using these fluorescent sensors, oxytocin was specifically detected over a wide linear range with high sensitivity, good reusability, stability, precision, and reproducibility. This fluorescent sensor-based detection system thus enabled the measurement of oxytocin levels in human serum, which has widespread applications for oxytocin assays across varied research fields.
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43

Liu, Li. "Study on the Use of Rhodamine Doped Nanocomposite for Latent Fingerprint Detection." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.813.

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Silicon dioxide-based nanocomposites offer large loading capacity for various doping chemicals or molecular complexes, high surface to volume ratio and customizable surface chemistry for the creation and development of novel sensors and devices [1-2]. When compared with other sol-gel materials, xerogels represent a class of nanocomposites that are relatively easy to fabricate but with unique thermal, acoustic, optical and mechanical properties for rapid sensor or device prototyping development [3-4]. Xerogels in solids are formed by controlled evaporation of the liquid in the hydro-gel. Their porosity and morphology depend largely on the temperature, gel chemical compositions and pH in the fabrication process. When impregnated with fluorescent compounds in their nanosize cavities, the doped xerogels exhibit strong and stable fluorescence properties that are useful for the developing of ion-exchange sensors and optical devices. However, the use of these fluorescently doped xerogels in forensic applications was still largely unexplored.
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Liu, Shanshan, Hongyan Bai, Qian Sun, Weibing Zhang, and Junhong Qian. "Naphthalimide-based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer sensors for saccharides." RSC Advances 5, no. 4 (2015): 2837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra13414a.

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45

Maleckaitė, Karolina, Domantas Narkevičius, Rugilė Žilėnaitė, et al. "Give or Take: Effects of Electron-Accepting/-Withdrawing Groups in Red-Fluorescent BODIPY Molecular Rotors." Molecules 27, no. 1 (2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010023.

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Mapping microviscosity, temperature, and polarity in biosystems is an important capability that can aid in disease detection. This can be achieved using fluorescent sensors based on a green-emitting BODIPY group. However, red fluorescent sensors are desired for convenient imaging of biological samples. It is known that phenyl substituents in the β position of the BODIPY core can shift the fluorescence spectra to longer wavelengths. In this research, we report how electron-withdrawing (EWG) and -donating (EDG) groups can change the spectral and sensory properties of β-phenyl-substituted BODIPYs. We present a trifluoromethyl-substituted (EWG) conjugate with moderate temperature sensing properties and a methoxy-substituted (EDG) molecule that could be used as a lifetime-based polarity probe. In this study, we utilise experimental results of steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, as well as quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory (DFT). We also explain how the energy barrier height (Ea) for non-radiative relaxation affects the probe’s sensitivity to temperature and viscosity and provide appropriate Ea ranges for the best possible sensitivity to viscosity and temperature.
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46

Nascimento, Sendy Melissa Santos do, Artur Falqueto Sonsin, Cintya D’ Angeles do E. S. Barbosa, and Eduardo Jorge S. Fonseca. "Study of the pH effect on the optical and morphological properties of S, N self-doped carbon dots applied as fluorescent anti-counterfeiting ink and pH sensor." Nanotechnology 34, no. 36 (2023): 365708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/acdc30.

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Abstract The pH value is an important parameter as it is part of several processes, whether environmental or biological. In this report, S, N self-doped carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method using cysteine (cys) and citric acid as precursors for a detailed investigation of size, morphological, photoluminescent, and structural changes at different pH values and its use as pH sensor and fluorescent ink. The fluorescence intensity of cys-CDs was dependent on the pH, presenting a linear relationship with pH values in the range of 2.0–9.0. Using spectroscopic techniques, a mechanism for the pH-dependent fluorescence is proposed, based on the aggregation of cys-CDs and also protonation/deprotonation of surface functional groups that change the excited state. The cys-CDs were found to be efficient as fluorescent pH sensors using real samples (distilled water and tap water). Furthermore, the pH changes in cys-CDs can be used for the visual enhancement of anti-counterfeiting technologies. Thus, the results of this study show that cys-CDs can act as an efficient and pH sensitive fluorescent sensor, which can be used to measure the pH value of water samples, due to its high fluorescence intensity, and can be applied successfully as a fluorescent ink.
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Ding, Zhong-Zheng, Guang-Song Zheng, Qing Lou, et al. "A confined carbon dot-based self-calibrated fluorescence probe for visible and highly sensitive moisture readouts." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 15 (2022): 154001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac3e8f.

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Abstract Excellent luminescent materials are essential for high-performance fluorescent nanosensors. Here, a new-type of self-calibrated humidity sensor is established through monitoring the fluorescent color change of carbon dots (CDs) confined in sodium hydroxide (CDs@NaOH). The CDs are prepared by a facile and rapid microwave-assisted heating method using citric acid, urea, and NaOH as precursors. The confinement effect from the NaOH reduces the nonradiative transition and suppresses the aggregation-induced quenching of the CDs in the solid. Compared with other sensors based on CD fluorescent visualization, the sensor has good linearity and a wide humidity-detection range from 6.9% to 95.4%. With the increased relative humidity, the fluorescence color of the sensor changes from green to blue. The proposed sensing mechanism is due to the breaking and reforming of hydrogen bonds and proton transfer occurring at the CD-NaOH matrix interfaces. These findings suggest a potential role for the spatial confinement effect and may provide an avenue for developing highly sensitive humidity readouts.
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48

Murfin, Lloyd C., and Simon E. Lewis. "Azulene—A Bright Core for Sensing and Imaging." Molecules 26, no. 2 (2021): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020353.

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Azulene is a hydrocarbon isomer of naphthalene known for its unusual colour and fluorescence properties. Through the harnessing of these properties, the literature has been enriched with a series of chemical sensors and dosimeters with distinct colorimetric and fluorescence responses. This review focuses specifically on the latter of these phenomena. The review is subdivided into two sections. Section one discusses turn-on fluorescent sensors employing azulene, for which the literature is dominated by examples of the unusual phenomenon of azulene protonation-dependent fluorescence. Section two focuses on fluorescent azulenes that have been used in the context of biological sensing and imaging. To aid the reader, the azulene skeleton is highlighted in blue in each compound.
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Kwak, Eun-A., LeNaiya Kydd, Butaek Lim, and Justyn Jaworski. "IR-783 Labeling of a Peptide Receptor for ‘Turn-On’ Fluorescence Based Sensing." Chemosensors 6, no. 4 (2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors6040047.

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In this study, we examine a means for developing near-IR fluorescent sensors through streamlined, site-specific coupling with peptide-based receptors. As the penultimate step of solid-phase synthesis of a peptide-based receptor, we show a simple means of labeling the N’ terminus with the near IR fluorophore IR-783 to afford a viable fluorescent sensor after cleavage from the resin. The proof-of-concept probe utilized a biotin mimetic peptide sequence as the receptive moiety. Here we revealed a “turn-on” fluorescence enhancement upon binding of the biotin mimetic probe to its intended streptavidin target. Not all peptide-receptive moieties tested were able to generate such an enhancement upon target binding, and as such, the rationale for the observed fluorescence response properties is discussed.
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50

Antina, Elena V., Mikhail B. Berezin, Galina B. Guseva, Natalia A. Bumagina, Lubov A. Antina, and Anatoliy I. V’yugin. "NEW COLORIMETRIC AND FLUORESCENT CHEMOSENSORS BASED ON DIPYRROMETHENE DYES." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 59, no. 6 (2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.20165906.5397k.

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Synthetic bis(dipyrromethene)s (H2L) is very promising compounds to create sensory systems due to a combination of spectral-luminescent and chelating properties which sensitive to structural and solvation effects. Reactions of H2L·2HBr salts with amines are accompanied by changes in the color of the solution and a clear show a transformations of H4L2+ salt spectrum in the H2L spectrum with a large (about 40 nm) difference between maxima of their intense bands which allows the use of 3,3'-bis(dipyrromethene) salts as colorimetric chemosensors of amines with sensitivity of detection upto 1·10–8 mol/l. The basis for the development of applied directions of using 3,3-bis(dipyrromethene)s as a fluorescent chemosensors of Zn2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ ions is the bright coloristic effects, accompanying reactions of H2L with Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) salts, and significant differences in quantitative characteristics of the spectra of the complexes [M2L2] and ligands. Reactions of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) salts with a weakly fluorescent bis(dipyrromethene) sensors are accompanied by the buildup (in 25–550 times) of fluorescence. The high sensitivity of fluorescence of d10-metal [M2L2] helikates to the properties of the environment became the basis for the development of the direction of creating fluorescent temperature sensors. The observed effect of the temperature dependence of fluorescence quantum yield of ethanol solutions of [Zn2L2] complexes is interest for the control of temperature (300–80 K). This is important in the development of cryostats or determining temperature of biomaterials cooled in them.
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