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Journal articles on the topic 'Fluorides'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Dou, Peng, Pengcheng Liu, and Zhiyong Yu. "Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Zinc-Doped Copper Fluoride." Energies 18, no. 14 (2025): 3752. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143752.

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To enhance the specific energy and rate performance of lithium primary batteries, the development of advanced cathode materials with superior electrochemical properties is essential. Fluorides, composed of light fluorine elements and multivalent cations, exhibit multi-electron reaction characteristics, possess a high theoretical voltage, and demonstrate high discharge-specific energy. However, owing to fluorine’s high electronegativity, which leads to the formation of strong ionic bonds with other elements, most fluorides exhibit poor electronic conductivity, thereby constraining their electro

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2

Shayakhmetov, Salim F., Alexey V. Merinov, Lyudmila G. Lisetskaya, Nina M. Meschakova, and Victor S. Rukavishnikov. "External exposure levels and fluoride content in the urine of workers at aluminium electrolysis." Hygiene and sanitation 100, no. 12 (2021): 1391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-12-1391-1396.

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Introduction. In the context of large-scale modernization and intensification of aluminium production, it becomes relevant to assess the actual fluoride loads and the main factors that determine the occupational exposure of workers to fluorides for health risk analysis. Materials and methods. Monitoring studies of the content of hydrofluoride and aerosols of fluoride salts in the air of electrolysis shops were carried out with traditional and modernized technologies for producing aluminium and fluorine in urine in 108 workers of the primary professions and 35 people in the control group. Deter

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3

Wang, Yi Ci, Jian Liang Zhang, Jing Wang, Fang Zhang, and Guo Ping Luo. "Gaseous Fluorides Formation Mechanism in the Roasting Process of the Fluorite-Bearing Iron Concentrate." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 3498–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.3498.

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The gaseous fluorides formation mechanism in the roasting process of the fluorite-bearing iron concentrate was studied by thermodynamic calculation, differential thermal analysis (DTA) and chemical analysis. The results show that fluorine in the fluorite-bearing iron concentrate begins to escape since 400~500°C, and the emission rate of fluorine significantly increases when the temperature is above 1100°C; in the roasting process of fluorite-bearing iron concentrate, SiO2, K2O, Na2O, MgO, Al2O3 in the gangue and water vapor in roasting atmospher react with CaF2 in fluorite to generate such gas

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4

Matsak, S., Yu Vakal, and G. Kasyanenko. "INVESTIGATION OF THE PHENOMENON OF MIGRATION OF MOBILE FLUORINE COMPOUNDS IN THE SOILS OF THE COASTAL ZONE IN THE GUSKA RIVER." Ukrainian Journal of Natural Sciences, no. 3 (October 11, 2023): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/naturaljournal.3.2023.144-154.

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Today, there is significant contamination of soils with various chemical substances due to the action of the anthropogenic factor. Fluorine compounds are one of the dangerous pollutants contaminating the soil. The main source of their entry into the soil is the application of phosphate fertilizers, which contain fluorides in the form of impurities. In Ukraine, the problem of soil contamination with fluorides is particularly relevant due to the significant volumes of agro-industrial production. Fluorine compounds pose a particular danger due to the ability of their mobile (soluble) forms

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5

Egamnazarov, Khuseyn, Babaev Ikram Islamovich, Aliev Samardin Partoevich, and Abdullozoda Said Murtazo. "Study of the content of fluorides in atmospheric air in Bokhtar region and Tursunzade city of Tajikistan." Journal of Bashir Institute of Health Sciences 2, no. 1 (2021): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.53576/bashir.02.01.0026.

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Background: The emission and presence of air pollutants such as fluorides has over burdenized the public healthcare issues. The current study aimed to determine the content of fluorides in atmospheric air in Bokhtar region and Tursunzade city of Tajikistan. Methods: Based on the direction of wind, two zones were selected in the current study: experimental and control. In the first (experimental) zone, those areas were selected where the western, northern and northeastern directions of wind was significant. Dzhura Rakhmonov was assigned to the control zone with the shortest time for the eastwar

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6

Alonso, Pedro, Pilar Pardo, Francisco J. Fañanás, and Félix Rodríguez. "A fast, efficient and simple method for the synthesis of cyclic alkenyl fluorides by a fluorinative carbocyclization reaction." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 92 (2014): 14364–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc07376b.

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Tetrafluoroboric acid promotes a fluorinative carbocyclization reaction to give cyclic alkenyl fluorides in a process where the incorporation of the fluorine atom occurs through the nucleophilic addition of a fluoride anion.

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7

Sukhareva, O. Yu, S. M. Kushtan, and S. M. Sukharev. "Sukhareva O.Yu., Kushtan S.M., Sukharev S.M. SCREENING OF CONTENT OF BIOAVAILABLE FORMS OF FLUORIDE IN SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER OF THE TISA RIVER BASIN." Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series «Chemistry» 50, no. 2 (2024): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2414-0260.2023.2.33-39.

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Fluorine, as a essential trace element, plays an important role in maintaining human health, but an excess of fluorides causes various diseases. The main way fluoride enters the human is drinking water, the source of which is natural surface and underground water. In surface and groundwater, fluorides can exist in bound (compounds with aluminum, iron, calcium and magnesium) and free (bioavailable) forms, therefore, when monitoring natural waters, it is important to distinguish between the total content of fluorides and the content of bioavailable forms. This work presents a screening of the co

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8

Hu, B.-L., K. W. Jones, F. N. Tebbe, L. E. Firment, and L. H. Brixner. "Application of nuclear reaction analysis to trace oxygen analysis in metal fluoride materials." Journal of Materials Research 4, no. 4 (1989): 916–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1989.0916.

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Trace oxygen contamination of metal fluoride glasses degrades their performance in applications such as optical fibers or x-ray phosphors. Traditional methods for oxygen determination based on reaction with carbon to form carbon monoxide are slow and insensitive. We have used nuclear reaction analysis, in particular the 18O(p, α) reaction, to determine oxygen content in a variety of metal fluorides. Careful choice of the energy of the incident proton eliminates interference from fluorine. Standardless quantification of our measurements yields good agreement with the known oxygen content of mix

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9

Jouffret, Laurent, Jean-Michel Hiltbrunner, Elodie Petit, Ania Selmi, Bertrand Morel, and Marc Dubois. "Selective Chemical Filters for VOF3: Tailoring MgF2 Filter Selectivity through Surface Chemistry." Surfaces 6, no. 4 (2023): 480–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surfaces6040032.

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In order to synthesize chemical filters for the selective removal of volatile fluorides, commercial magnesium fluoride MgF2 with high specific surface area (HSA) was investigated. The amount of -OH groups substituting fluorine is not negligible, partly due to the high surface area, but also due to the synthesis route. These hydroxyl groups induce a Lewis basicity on the surface of metal fluorides. The amount of these Lewis basic sites has been tailored using fluorination with F2 gas. The sorption of VOF3, used as model gas, onto these fluorides was investigated. The versatility of surface chem

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10

Patel, Savankumar, Pobitra Halder, Ibrahim Gbolahan Hakeem, et al. "The Fate of Fluorine Post Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Destruction during the Thermal Treatment of Biosolids: A Thermodynamic Study." Energies 17, no. 14 (2024): 3476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17143476.

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of fluorinated synthetic chemicals that are highly recalcitrant, toxic, and bio-accumulative and have been detected in biosolids worldwide, posing potential risks to humans and the environment. Recent studies suggest that the organic C-F bond in PFAS can be destructed and potentially mineralised into inorganic fluorides during thermal treatment. This study focuses on thermodynamic equilibrium investigations and the fate of fluorine compounds post-PFAS destruction during biosolid thermal treatment. The results indicate that gas-phase fluori

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11

Lavalle-Carrasco, Jesús, Nelly Molina-Frechero, Martina Nevárez-Rascón, et al. "Recent Biomarkers for Monitoring the Systemic Fluoride Levels in Exposed Populations: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1 (2021): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010317.

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Fluorides are compounds that can be found in the minerals of soil with volcanic rocks. Different populations are exposed to high levels of fluorides through drinking water that, due to their chronic intake, cause several types of damage to health. Nails and hair, denominated as recent biomarkers, have been employed for monitoring systemic fluoride from long-term exposure to fluorides. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the use of recent biomarkers for monitoring systemic fluoride levels in exposed populations and verify their validity in the measurement of the fluorine

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12

Šket, Tea, Andreja Kukec, Rok Kosem, and Barbara Artnik. "The history of public health use of fluorides in caries prevention." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 56, no. 2 (2017): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2017-0018.

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Abstract Aim The aim of our study was to chronologically analyse various public health measures of fluoride use in caries prevention. Methods We systematically searched the PubMed database on the preventive role of fluorides in public health, published from 1984 to 2014. The search process was divided into four steps, where inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. Qualitative methodology was used for the article analysis. In the research process, the described forms of F use, diversity of the described F agents, and the observed population group were analysed. Results In our systematic r

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13

Nemade, P. D., A. Vasudeva Rao, and B. J. Alappat. "Removal of fluorides from water using low cost adsorbents." Water Supply 2, no. 1 (2002): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0037.

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During the past few years, intensive interest in the problem of excessive fluorides in drinking water is a matter of serious concern around the world, as it causes fluorosis, a disease that affects teeth and bones. In India, the states of Rajasthan, Gujarath and Andhra Pradesh have a large number of villages where ground water contains excessive fluorides. India is among the 23 nations around the globe where health problems occur due to the consumption of fluoride contaminated water. Considerable research has been carried out to remove fluoride from the drinking water to overcome its toxic eff

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14

Maixner, J., and V. Bartůněk. "X-ray powder diffraction data for potassium erbium fluoride." Powder Diffraction 28, no. 4 (2013): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715613000596.

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X-ray powder diffraction data, unit-cell parameters, and space group for potassium erbium fluoride, K0.5Er0.5F2, are reported [a = 5.6862(5) Å, unit-cell volume V = 183.85 Å3, Z = 4, and space group Fm-3m]. Potassium erbium fluoride is isostructural with a large family of fluorides represented by the mineral fluorite CaF2. All of the measured lines of the title compound were indexed and are consistent with the Fm-3m space group. No detectable impurities were observed.

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15

Grzechnik, Andrzej, and Karen Friese. "Fluorides containing lanthanides and yttrium at extreme conditions." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314099446.

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We are interested in crystal structures and stabilities of fluoride materials containing lanthanides and yttrium that are related to the CaF2 structure. These compounds are laser hosts and luminescent materials, oxygen sensors as well as components of solar cells. They exhibit various schemes of (dis)ordering of cations and anions in fluorite superstructures and anion-excess fluorites. In the last few years, we have performed a series of studies on the bulk AMF4 and MF3 materials (A = Li, Na, K; M = Y, lanthanide) at different pressure-temperature conditions. Among them, ordered LiYF4 is a com

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16

Bansal, Ritu, Kenneth A. Bolin, Hoda M. Abdellatif, and Jay D. Shulman. "Knowledge, Attitude and use of Fluorides among Dentists in Texas." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, no. 3 (2012): 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1153.

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ABSTRACT Aim The centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) recommendations on fluoride use were published in 2001. This study examines how this information has diffused to practicing dentists and the level of fluoride knowledge and use among Texas dentists. Materials and methods A questionnaire was sent to dentists who self-identified as being in pediatric (343), dental public health (72), and general practices (980); a 12% sample of registered dentists in Texas. Results Response rate was 42.9%. About 90% of surveyed dentists reported using fluorides routinely. Only 18.8% reported fluor

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17

Scheurell, Kerstin, and Erhard Kemnitz. "Fluorolytic Sol–Gel Synthesis of Nanometal Fluorides: Accessing New Materials for Optical Applications." Inorganics 6, no. 4 (2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics6040128.

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The potential of fluorolytic sol–gel synthesis for a wide variety of applications in the field of optical materials is reviewed. Based on the fluorolytic sol–gel synthesis of nanometal fluorides, sols of complex fluorometalates have become available that exhibit superior optical properties over known classical binary metal fluorides as, for instance, magnesium fluoride, calcium fluoride, or strontium fluoride, respectively. The synthesis of transparent sols of magnesium fluoroaluminates of the general composition MgxAlFy, and fluoroperovskites, [K1−xNax]MgF3, is reported. Antireflective coatin

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18

Mazurek, Ulf, Detlef Schröder, and Helmut Schwarz. "Generation and Reactivity of Chromium Fluoride Cations (CrF+n, n = 0-4) in the Gas Phase." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 63, no. 9 (1998): 1498–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19981498.

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Gaseous chromium fluoride monocations CrFn+ (n = 1-4) can be prepared by sequential fluorine-atom transfer from nitrogen trifluoride, NF3, to chromium cation. In addition, formal F- anion transfer to CrFn+ (n = 2-4) to yield the corresponding neutral chromium fluorides CrFn+1 is observed. In conjunction with a re-evaluation of previous data, the present results provide a consistent picture of the thermochemistry of neutral and cationic chromium fluorides. The reactivity of the CrFn+ ions towards alkanes is investigated in a Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. While "ba

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19

Rajkovic, Milos, and Ivana Novakovic. "Determination of fluoride content in drinking water and tea infusions using fluoride ion selective electrode." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 52, no. 2 (2007): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas0702155r.

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Potentiometric analysis of fluoride content (as F- ion) in solutions by using fluoride ion-selective electrode is simple, reliable and cheap. Very small concentrations of fluoride-ions (to 10-6 mol/dm3) can be determined by fluoride selective electrode, with regulation of ion strength of a solution and control of concentration of hydroxide ions and interfering ions of metals. The influence of pH and complexing ions of metals can be successfully regulated by the TISAB solution and by preserving pH value in the range from 5.00 to 7.00. The content of fluorides in the samples can be determined by

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Achary, S. N., and A. K. Tyagi. "Synthesis and characterization of mixed fluorides with PbF2 and ScF3." Powder Diffraction 20, no. 3 (2005): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.1948391.

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A series of mixed fluoride compositions with PbF2 and ScF3 were prepared by heating the intimate mixtures of component fluorides at 600 °C for 10 h followed by slowly cooling to room temperature. The products obtained were analyzed by powder XRD to reveal the phases present in them and hence the low-temperature phase equilibria in the PbF2-ScF3 system. The phase equilibria show the fluorite-type solid solution up to the composition of about 15 mol% of ScF3 in the PbF2 lattice. The unit cell volume decreases with increasing ScF3 contents in the fluorite-type solid solutions. Beyond the solubili

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Murata, Yusuke, Kenshiro Hada, Trapti Aggarwal, Jorge Escorihuela, and Norio Shibata. "Transition-Metal-Free Approach for Z-Vinyl Fluorides by Hydrofluorination of Alkynes bearing SF4 and SF5 Groups." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 63, no. 10 (2024): e202318086. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202318086.

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The synthesis of vinyl fluorides plays a crucial role in various scientific disciplines, including pharmaceutical and materials sciences. Herein, we present a direct and stereoselective hydrofluorination method for the synthesis of Z isomers of vinyl fluorides from alkynes containing unexplored SF5 and SF4 groups. Our strategy employed tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) as a fluorine source. It demonstrates high compatibility with aryls, biaryls, heteroaryls, and tert-alkyl groups, allowing facile incorporation of SF5 and SF4 groups across the triple bond without any transition-metal catalysts

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Wang, Xiu, Zhenhua Wang, Li Liu, Yuya Asanuma, and Yasushi Nishihara. "Nickel-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Stannylation of Acyl Fluorides under Ligand-Free Conditions." Molecules 24, no. 9 (2019): 1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091671.

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Nickel-catalyzed decarbonylative stannylation of acyl fluorides under ligand-free conditions was disclosed. A variety of aromatic acyl fluorides are capable of reacting with silylstannanes in the presence of cesium fluoride. A one-pot decarbonylative stannylation/Migita-Kosugi-Stille reaction of benzoyl fluoride, giving rise to the direct formation of the corresponding cross-coupled products, further demonstrated the synthetic utility of the present method. This newly developed methodology with a good functional-group compatibility via C–F bond cleavage and C–Sn bond formation under nickel cat

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Boitsaniuk, S. I., and M. O. Levkiv. "FLUORIDES AND ORAL HEALTH." International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 8, no. 2 (2023): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2022.2.13121.

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Background. The importance of fluorides in caries prevention is discussed in the article and practical recommendations for the use of fluoride containing products are presented. Objectives. The primary objective of this systematic review is to assess the evidence on the comparative effectiveness of topical fluoride therapy (TFT) in the form of toothpastes, mouth rinses, gels and varnishes in prevention of dental caries in children and adolescents. Methods. A systematic electronic literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases using search terms. Current reports in t

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Kuz’mina, T. G., T. V, Romashova, M. A. Troneva, and I. V. Khokhlova. "Experience of the Determination of Fluorine in Rocks by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry." Журнал аналитической химии 78, no. 8 (2023): 690–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s004445022308011x.

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The main fluorine-concentrating minerals in rocks are mainly apatites, amphiboles, micas, fluorites, sphenes, villiomites, in which fluorine is found in compounds with Ca, Mg, Na. The yield of the X‑ray fluorescence of fluorine depends on the element with which it is chemically bound. Taking into account this factor, three versions of calibration dependences for fluorine in the composition of CaF2, MgF2, and NaF were obtained using pressed tablets. Mixtures of these fluorides with granite, basalt, and limestone were used for calibration. To select an adequate calibration for the determination

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Mariappan Santhi, Vivek, Diwahar Periasamy, Muthumari Perumal, et al. "The Global Challenge of Fluoride Contamination: A Comprehensive Review of Removal Processes and Implications for Human Health and Ecosystems." Sustainability 16, no. 24 (2024): 11056. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411056.

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Water resources are vital for humanity, but their quality has degraded in recent years due to increasing industrial activities. One significant issue is fluoride contamination, prevalent worldwide. Fluorides exist in combined states such as calcium fluoride, fluorapatite, and cryolite, originating from industrial processes like aluminum and fertilizer manufacturing. The World Health Organization warns against fluoride levels above 1.5 mg/L in drinking water due to health risks, including dental and skeletal fluorosis. Industrial activities also release fluoride-containing wastes into the envir

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Dantelle, G., M. Mortier, D. Vivien, and G. Patriarche. "Nucleation efficiency of erbium and ytterbium fluorides in transparent oxyfluoride glass-ceramics." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 2 (2005): 472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0051.

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Oxyfluoride glasses (GeO2–PbO–PbF2) doped with erbium and/or ytterbium fluorides were prepared. Highly transparent glass-ceramics, containing β–PbF2 nanocrystallites, were successfully obtained by controlled glass devitrification and were studied as they could lead to promising optical applications. To characterize the samples, differential thermal analysis, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy were performed, revealing a variation of the crystallites size, the crystallites number and β–PbF2 crystallization temperature according to the doping ion. Indeed, the analyses indica

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Шалимова, М. Б., та И. В. Белянина. "Изменение параметров МДП-структур с соединениями редкоземельных элементов в условиях повышенной влажности". Физика и техника полупроводников 57, № 2 (2023): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2023.02.55328.4124.

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The properties of MIS structures with yttrium, neodymium, samarium fluorides on germanium, neodymium and samarium fluorides on n and p silicon substrates, as well as Al-Y2O3-nSi, Al-Y2O3-pSi structures under conditions of high ambient humidity were studied. Additionally, the structures were exposed to an electric field of ~ 0.5 – 4 MV/cm. For MIS structures with films of yttrium, neodymium, and samarium fluoride on germanium, as well as neodymium and samarium fluoride on n and p silicon substrates, a clear increase in the maximum specific capacitance with increasing relative humidity of the me

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Fraser-Reid, Bert, J. Cristobal Lopez, Paloma Bernal-Albert, Ana M. Gomez, Clara Uriel, and Juan Ventura. "Glycosyl fluorides from n-pentenyl-related glycosyl donors — Application to glycosylation strategies." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 91, no. 1 (2013): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2012-0285.

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n-Pentenyl glycosides (NPGs) and n-pentenyl orthoesters (NPOEs) have been transformed into glycosyl fluorides by a variety of methods. In the case of NPGs, Barluenga’s reagent, bis(pyridinium)iodonium(I)tetrafluoroborate (IPy2BF4), gives good yields of glycosyl fluorides when HF–pyridine complex is used as an additional fluoride source. NPOEs can be activated either by a combination of electrophilic iodonium (Barluenga’s reagent) and HBF4 or by the action of HF–pyridine complex. The ensuing glycosyl fluorides form a semiorthogonal pair of glycosyl donors when confronted with NPGs.

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Fedorov, Yu S., V. V. Samonin, A. S. Zotov, et al. "Sorption of NdF3 and ThF4 from the LiF–NaF–KF Melt." Radiochemistry 63, no. 6 (2021): 754–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362221060072.

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Abstract The sorption of neodymium and thorium fluorides by AG-3 activated carbon from molten alkali metal fluorides LiF–NaF–KF has been studied. The sorption isotherm of neodymium fluoride at 650°C has a pronounced convex and is adequately described by the Langmuir equation. The sorption of thorium fluoride under the same conditions is much weaker than that of neodymium fluoride, which is determined by the size of the neodymium and thorium fluoride complexes. The kinetic dependence of the sorption of neodymium fluoride at a temperature of 650°С is adequately described by a first-order equatio

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Gambardella, Mario, Santad Kongpricha, James J. Pitts, and Albert W. Jache. "Disproportionation of chlorine in hydrogen fluoride and related media." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 11 (1989): 1828–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v89-283.

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Chlorine can be made to disproportionate to chlorine monofluoride and chloride, taking advantage of Le Chatelier's principle in several different ways. It will disproportionate to form insoluble silver chloride and chlorine monofluoride when silver fluoride is present. It will disproportionate in a melt of alkali metal fluorides to form alkali metal chlorides and chlorine monofluoride. The alkali metal chlorides will react with hydrogen fluoride to regenerate the metal fluorides and hydrogen chloride. Chlorine will also disproportionate in hydrogen fluoride containing antimony pentafluoride to

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Liu, Zhi Chao, Jia Chun Lu, and Ping Huang. "Fluorinated Pyrocarbon Prepared from Ketjenblack for Primary Lithium Battery." Advanced Materials Research 968 (June 2014): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.968.16.

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Pyrocarbons were obtained by heat-treatment of Ketjenblack at different temperature from 1000°C to 2400°C, and fluorinated in NF3atmosphere at 520°C to give CFxsamples with high fluorine content. The results indicate that the structure of both pyrocarbons and their derivative fluorides mainly depend on the heat-treatment temperature of raw carbon. The correlation between the electrochemical performance and the structure of pyrocarbon fluoride was discussed in detail. At an optimum condition, the yield of fluorination can come up to 90%, and the pyrocarbon fluoride, as cathode active material o

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Kynast, Ulrich H., Marina M. Lezhnina, and H. Kätker. "Potential of Nano-Sized Rare Earth Fluorides in Optical Applications." Solid State Phenomena 106 (September 2005): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.106.93.

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Rare earth fluorides are a class of materials with a high potential for optical applications. Fluoride lattices allow high coordination numbers for the hosted rare earth ions, but the high ionicity of the rare earth to fluorine bond leads to a wide band gap and very low vibrational energies. These two essential factors, in particular, contribute to their practicality for use in optical applications based on vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and near infrared (NIR) excitation. The preparation and optical characteristics of rare earth fluoride nanoparticles and their embedding in polymeric, glassy or por

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García Rincón, Laura Jackeline García, and Paulo Frazão. "Public Policies for Fluoride Use in Colombia and Brazil before and during the Adoption of the Right to Health." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (2023): 2058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032058.

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The use of fluorides is essential in the prevention of dental caries, considered to be the main dental public health problem. The formulation and implementation of public health policies can vary from country to country, depending on multiple factors. This study aims to analyze the interaction model between the knowledge produced about the use of fluorides and its implementation through public policies in two South American countries until the period of constitutional reform in each country. A narrative review was conducted with a systematic search of scientific articles and normative devices

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Ultarakova, Almagul, Zaure Karshyga, Nina Lokhova, Azamat Yessengaziyev, Kaisar Kassymzhanov, and Arailym Mukangaliyeva. "Studies on the Processing of Fine Dusts from the Electric Smelting of Ilmenite Concentrates to Obtain Titanium Dioxide." Materials 15, no. 23 (2022): 8314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15238314.

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This article presents studies on the ammonium fluoride processing of dusts from the reduction smelting of ilmenite concentrate with separation of silicon to obtain titanium dioxide. Optimal conditions for pyrohydrolysis of titanium fluorides were determined. The effects of temperature and duration on the process were studied. The optimal conditions for pyrohydrolysis of titanium fluorides were a temperature of 600 °C and duration of 240–300 min. The degree of titanium fluoride conversion to titanium oxide was 99.5% at these conditions. Titanium dioxide obtained by pyrohydrolysis of titanium fl

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35

Gutowska, Izabela, Agnieszka Maruszewska, Marta Skórka-Majewicz, et al. "Fluoride as a Potential Repressor of Glycogen Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle Cell Line CCL136." Molecules 28, no. 16 (2023): 6065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28166065.

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The exposure of humans to fluorine is connected with its presence in the air, food and water. It is well known that fluorides even at a low concentration but with long time exposure accumulate in the body and lead to numerous metabolic disorders. Fluoride is recognised as a factor modulating the energy metabolism of cells. This interaction is of particular importance in muscle cells, which are cells with high metabolic activity related to the metabolism of glucose and glycogen. In someone suffering from chronic fluoride poisoning, frequent symptoms are chronic fatigue not relieved by extra sle

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36

Usmani, Shirin M., Linn Voss, Ina Stephan, Thomas Hübert, and Erhard Kemnitz. "Improved Durability of Wood Treated with Nano Metal Fluorides against Brown-Rot and White-Rot Fungi." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 1727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031727.

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Low-water soluble metal fluorides such as magnesium fluoride (MgF2) and calcium fluoride (CaF2) were evaluated for decay protection of wood. Initially, the biocidal efficacy of nano metal fluorides (NMFs) against wood destroying fungi was assessed with an in-vitro agar test. The results from the test showed that agar medium containing MgF2 and CaF2 was more efficient in preventing fungal decay than stand-alone MgF2 or CaF2. These metal fluorides, in their nanoscopic form synthesized using fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis, were introduced into the sapwood of Scots pine and beech wood and then subj

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37

Erb, William, and Thierry Roisnel. "The chemistry of ferrocenesulfonyl fluoride revealed." Dalton Transactions 50, no. 45 (2021): 16483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt03492h.

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The first general syntheses of polysubstituted ferrocenesulfonyl fluorides are described. Combining multigram-scale synthesis of ferrocenesulfonyl fluoride with orthogonal reactivity of sulfonyl fluoride led to a diversity of original derivatives.

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38

Shalimova M.B. and Belyanina I.V. "Changing the Parameters of MIS Structures with REE Compounds under Conditions of High Humidity." Semiconductors 57, no. 2 (2023): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/sc.2023.02.55951.4124.

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The properties of MIS structures with yttrium, neodymium, samarium fluorides on germanium, neodymium and samarium fluorides on n and p silicon substrates, as well as Al-Y2O3-nSi, Al-Y2O3-pSi structures under conditions of high ambient humidity were studied. Additionally, the structures were exposed to an electric field of ~0.5-4 MV/cm. For MIS structures with films of yttrium, neodymium, and samarium fluoride on germanium, as well as neodymium and samarium fluoride on n and p silicon substrates, a clear increase in the maximum specific capacitance with increasing relative humidity of the mediu

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39

Khattak, Muhammad Faisal, John Patrick Conry, and Ching-Chang Ko. "Comparison of Three Topical Fluorides Using Computer Imaging." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 30, no. 2 (2006): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.30.2.04746702m229p556.

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The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the short and long-term effectiveness of fluoride varnish and compare it with the two most commonly used topical fluorides, i.e., fluoride gel and foam.A second purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of these preparations on primary and permanent teeth. Enamel slabs with a thickness of 500 microns were obtained from caries free primary molars and premolars. They were divided into four groups: control, foam (F), gel (G) and varnish (V). Fluorides were applied to the enamel slabs according to the manufacturer's instructions and we

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40

Lambertsen, Thomas, and Reinhard Schmutzler. "New Observations Concerning the Reactivity of Triorganotin Fluorides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 50, no. 11 (1995): 1583–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1995-1102.

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Me3SnF (1) reacts with many hydrolyzable chlorides to give Me3SnCl and the corresponding fluoride. The formation of PhPF2, (ClCH2)MeSiF2, F2PCH2PF2 and PF5 is described. The reaction of triorganotin fluorides (Ph3SnF, Bu3SnF) with CaBr2 yields pure triorganotin bromides. 1 was found to act either as a fluoride-acceptor or, towards PF5, as a fluoride-donor.

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41

Mineshige, Atsushi, and Maiko Sugiura. "Highly Conductive Solid Electrolytes for Fluoride Battery Application." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 7 (2023): 2871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0172871mtgabs.

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Recently, fluoride batteries are attracting attention as electrochemical high-energy-density storage devices. There are various types of fluoride ion conductors such as fluorite-type, tysonite-type, and fluorite-related-type and so on. Among them, MSnF4-type fluorides (M: Pb, Ba) have high ion conductivity, and are good candidates for electrolyte materials to be used in fluoride batteries. Up to now, the highest conductivity among fluoride ion conductors was obtained for PbSnF4 with the fluorite-related-type structure, exhibiting pure and high ion conductivity of 2x10-2 S cm-1 at room temperat

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42

Krasavtseva, E. A., and N. I. Kaganovich. "Geoecological Assessment of Fluorine Contamination of Environmental Components in the Zone of Influence of an Abandoned Rare-metal Mine in the Murmansk Region." Ecology and Industry of Russia 28, no. 10 (2024): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2024-10-66-71.

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A geoecological assessment of fluorine contamination of environmental components in the zone of influence of an abandoned rare-metal mine in the Murmansk region was carried out. Samples were taken of loparite ore enrichment tailings, soils around the tailings pond and the Loparitovy, Alluaiv, Azimut creeks and the watercourse flowing through the mine after the mining impact. The content of water-soluble fluorine in the collected samples was determined. No exceedance of maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of fluorides in soil was found. Increased content of fluoride ions (up to 15 MPC) in w

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Bijle, Mohammed Nadeem, James Tsoi, Manikandan Ekambaram, Edward C. M. Lo, Clifton M. Carey, and Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu. "Enhanced Fluoride Bioavailability with Incorporation of Arginine in Child Dentifrices." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 44, no. 5 (2020): 332–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-44.5.7.

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Objective(s): To: 1) examine the fluoride concentrations in commercial child formula dentifrices (CFD)s; and 2) investigate the effect of arginine incorporation in CFDs on fluoride bioavailability. Study Design: Five commercial CFDs were examined for fluoride concentrations. Total, total soluble, and insoluble fluorides in CFDs were determined by the modified Taves acid-diffusion method (TAD). Ionic F and MFP were estimated by modified direct method with standard addition technique. L-arginine (L-Arg)/L-arginine monohydrochloride (L-Arg.HCl) were incorporated at 2% w/w in the commercial CFDs.

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44

Mishin, Igor. "Influence of favorable and adverse ecological conditions on the content of toxic elements in flowers of entomophilous plants and pollen." BIO Web of Conferences 181 (2025): 02001. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202518102001.

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The article presents the results to study the content of active toxic elements - lead ions and fluorine in bee pollen, in the flowers of entomophilous plants growing in favorable and adverse ecological conditions. The results of studies showed that in favorable ecologically conditions (phytocenosis 1) in bee pollen and in entomophilous plants had low content of lead from 0.71 to 3.84 mg/kg, and of fluoride from 3.1 to 4.29 mg/kg. It was found that the content of lead and fluorides was higher in plants and in bee pollen in adverse ecologically conditions (phytocenosis than in the “clean” zone.

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45

Petri, László, Péter Ábrányi-Balogh, Noémi Csorba, et al. "Activation-Free Sulfonyl Fluoride Probes for Fragment Screening." Molecules 28, no. 7 (2023): 3042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073042.

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SuFEx chemistry is based on the unique reactivity of the sulfonyl fluoride group with a range of nucleophiles. Accordingly, sulfonyl fluorides label multiple nucleophilic amino acid residues, making these reagents popular in both chemical biology and medicinal chemistry applications. The reactivity of sulfonyl fluorides nominates this warhead chemotype as a candidate for an external, activation-free general labelling tag. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a small sulfonyl fluoride library that yielded the 3-carboxybenzenesulfonyl fluoride warhead for tagging tractable targe

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46

Калюжная, Е. Э. E., А. Ю. Yu Просеков, and Валентин Павлович Волобаев. "Genotoxic properties of fluorines (review)." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 3 (2020): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-3-253-258.

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Introduction. Consistency of fluoride excess in the human environment and professional contact with fluoride is an actual and underestimated problem. Fluoride ion is able to displace the hydroxyl group in calcium hydroxyapatites, forming stable crystals of mixed form of apatites, inducing bone pathology, fluorosis. Despite the high prevalence of fluorosis, there are only a few studies discussing the ability of fluoride ion to increase the level of genotoxic effects. At the same time, such studies are in high demand in connection with a direct correlation between genetic instability and the ris

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47

Kalyuzhnaya, E. E., A. Yu Prosekov, and Valentin P. Volobaev. "GENOTOXIC PROPERTIES OF FLUORINES (REVIEW)." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 3 (2020): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33029/0016-9900-2020-99-3-253-258.

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Introduction. Consistency of fluoride excess in the human environment and professional contact with fluoride is an actual and underestimated problem. Fluoride ion is able to displace the hydroxyl group in calcium hydroxyapatites, forming stable crystals of mixed form of apatites, inducing bone pathology, fluorosis. Despite the high prevalence of fluorosis, there are only a few studies discussing the ability of fluoride ion to increase the level of genotoxic effects. At the same time, such studies are in high demand in connection with a direct correlation between genetic instability and the ris

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48

Asseid, Fathi M., Catherine V. A. Duke, and Jack M. Miller. "A 19F magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared analysis of the adsorption of alkali metal fluorides onto montmorillonite clay." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 8 (1990): 1420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-217.

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Alkali metal fluorides have been adsorbed onto montmorillonite clay K10, and the resulting reagents analysed by 19F magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. The complexes M3SiF6, MAlF4, and M3AlF6 are readily formed, the particular complex depending on M, the loading, and the drying temperature employed. Chemisorption of fluoride to give surface -Si-F groups also occurs under certain conditions. Keywords: MAS NMR, alkali metal fluorides, adsorption, montmorillonite clay, infrared.

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Belyaev, V. V., O. A. Gavrilova, I. V. Belyaev, O. A. Myalo, and M. A. El-Aydi. "Prevalence of malocclusions under conditions of prolonged introduction of systemic fluorides in variable concentrations: Literature review." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 8, no. 1 (2023): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.1.18.

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The pathogenesis of malocclusions, which are common among the population of all countries, is well represented in the professional literature. The occurrence of malocclusions is associated with genetic and various environmental factors. Among the latter, fluorides which affect the prevalence of some dental diseases are of particular interest. However, there are few publications reflecting the frequency of malocclusion among the population in the regions with different levels of fluoride in drinking water. This problem seems to be significant in the context of the increasing impact of fluorine

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50

Peckham, Stephen, and Niyi Awofeso. "Water Fluoridation: A Critical Review of the Physiological Effects of Ingested Fluoride as a Public Health Intervention." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/293019.

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Fluorine is the world’s 13th most abundant element and constitutes 0.08% of the Earth crust. It has the highest electronegativity of all elements. Fluoride is widely distributed in the environment, occurring in the air, soils, rocks, and water. Although fluoride is used industrially in a fluorine compound, the manufacture of ceramics, pesticides, aerosol propellants, refrigerants, glassware, and Teflon cookware, it is a generally unwanted byproduct of aluminium, fertilizer, and iron ore manufacture. The medicinal use of fluorides for the prevention of dental caries began in January 1945 when c

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