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Journal articles on the topic 'Fluoroquinolones'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Tokura, Yoshiki, Naohiro Seo, Hiroaki Yagi, Fukumi Furukawa та Masahiro Takigawa. "Cross-Reactivity in Murine Fluoroquinolone Photoallergy: Exclusive Usage of TCR Vβ13 by Immune T Cells That Recognize Fluoroquinolone-Photomodified Cells". Journal of Immunology 160, № 8 (1998): 3719–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.160.8.3719.

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Abstract Fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents are well known to elicit photosensitivity as an adverse effect, and their cross-reactivity has been clinically documented. The photoallergenicity of fluoroquinolones is mainly derived from their photohaptenic moiety, and photomodification of skin epidermal cells with fluoroquinolones is thought to be an initial step for this photoallergy. Here we have explored, both in vivo and in vitro, T cell responses to fluoroquinolone-photomodified cells, focusing on their photoantigenic cross-reactivity. Cells were derivatized with fluoroquinolones under expo

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Pitman, Hoang, Wi, Alsheikh, Hiner, and Percival. "Revisiting Oral Fluoroquinolone and Multivalent Cation Drug-Drug Interactions: Are They Still Relevant?" Antibiotics 8, no. 3 (2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8030108.

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Fluoroquinolones are a widely-prescribed, broad-spectrum class of antibiotics with several oral formulations notable for their high bioavailability. For certain infections, fluoroquinolones are the first line or only treatment choice. When administered orally, fluoroquinolones require proper administration to ensure adequate systemic absorption and, thereby, protect patients from treatment failure. Oral drug preparations that contain multivalent cations are well known to chelate with fluoroquinolones in the gastrointestinal tract; co-administration may lead to clinically significant decreases

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3

Macido, Antony. "An Umbrella Literature Review on Aortopathy and Fluoroquinolone Use." International Journal of Critical Care 18, no. 3 (2024): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/ijcc77.

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Background: Aortic dissection and aortic rupture are critical vascular events often predisposed by aneurysmal dilation of the aorta. The use of fluoroquinolone has been associated with aortic dissection and aortic rupture, necessitating a careful clinical review before use. Despite black box warnings, fluoroquinolones continue to be one of the commonly prescribed antibiotics. Critical care providers, specifically those who work in close association with high-volume aortic centers, can play an active role in antibiotic stewardship in the use of fluoroquinolones in patients with a known or predi

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Patel, Samir N., Allison McGeer, Roberto Melano, et al. "Susceptibility ofStreptococcus pneumoniaeto Fluoroquinolones in Canada." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 8 (2011): 3703–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00237-11.

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ABSTRACTCiprofloxacin, the first fluoroquinolone to be used to treat lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), demonstrates poor potency againstStreptococcus pneumoniae, and its use has been associated with the emergence of resistance. During the last decade, fluoroquinolones with enhancedin vitroactivity againstS. pneumoniaehave replaced ciprofloxacin for the treatment of LRTI. Here, we analyzed the impact of more active fluoroquinolone usage on pneumococci by examining the fluoroquinolone usage, prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance, and mutations in the genes that encode the major targe

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Kopnova, T. Yu, L. R. Yakupova, I. M. Le-Deygen, and E. V. Kudryashova. "Influence of Physicochemical Properties of Fluoroquinolones on their Interaction with Human Serum Albumin." Biotekhnologiya 36, no. 6 (2020): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-6-149-154.

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It has been shown on the example of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin that fluoroquinolones are able to interact with human serum albumin even at low molar ratios. A fivefold molar excess of fluoroquinolone quenched the protein fluorescence until its completely disappeared. The data of fluorescent analysis led to the conclusion that the relationship between the protein and hydrophobic ciprofloxacin is based on hydrophobic bonds, while less hydrophobic levofloxacin interacts with serum albumin via electrostatics. It was established that kinetics of drug release from the protein--fluoroquinolon com

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Bebear, C. M., H. Renaudin, A. Charron, D. Gruson, M. Lefrancois, and C. Bebear. "In Vitro Activity of Trovafloxacin Compared to Those of Five Antimicrobials against Mycoplasmas IncludingMycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticumFluoroquinolone-Resistant Isolates That Have Been Genetically Characterized." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 44, no. 9 (2000): 2557–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.44.9.2557-2560.2000.

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ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of trovafloxacin against 125 strains ofMycoplasma species and Ureaplasma urealyticum, including fluoroquinolone-susceptible and fluoroquinolone-resistant species, was compared to those of other fluoroquinolones, doxycycline, and erythromycin. The MIC at which 90% of isolates are inhibited for all fluoroquinolone-susceptible strains was 0.25 μg/ml. Whatever the associated mutations, trovafloxacin exhibited greater activity than the other fluoroquinolones tested against fluoroquinolone-resistantMycoplasma hominis and U. urealyticum isolates.

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Kucharczyk, Emilia, Natalia Kucharczyk, and Karolina Pawłuszkiewicz. "Impact of Fluoroquinolones on Tendon Health: A Comprehensive Overview for the General Population and Athletes." Quality in Sport 31 (November 12, 2024): 55763. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.31.55763.

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Introduction: Fluoroquinolones are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics widely used to treat various bacterial infections. Despite their effectiveness, increasing evidence links fluoroquinolones to tendinopathy and tendon rupture, with cases occurring shortly after initiation or even months post-therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of fluoroquinolones on tendon health - highlighting the underlying pathomechanisms, clinical manifestations, and epidemiology of fluoroquinolone-associated tendinopathy. Purpose of the work: The purpose of this study is to review the

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8

Murray, Hugh, Ee Laine Tay, Sarah Dinh, Helen Matthews, Alan Street, and Justin T. Denholm. "The Use of Fluoroquinolones for Tuberculosis in Victoria between 2011 and 2016." Tuberculosis Research and Treatment 2018 (July 2, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6860479.

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Setting. Tuberculosis treatment requires long regimens with multiple antibiotics and is complicated by antibiotic resistance and intolerance. Fluoroquinolones were introduced for the treatment of multidrug resistant TB and have become a vital part of therapy. Objective. Reviewing the indications for fluoroquinolones use in the treatment of active TB in Victoria, Australia. Design. This was a retrospective case-control study of Victorian patients prescribed fluoroquinolones for active tuberculosis, from January 2011 to December 2016. Indications for fluoroquinolone use were extracted from an ex

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Becnel Boyd, Lauren, Merry J. Maynard, Sonia K. Morgan-Linnell, et al. "Relationships among Ciprofloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, and Norfloxacin MICs for Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 1 (2008): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00722-08.

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ABSTRACT Fluoroquinolones are some of the most prescribed antibiotics in the United States. Previously, we and others showed that the fluoroquinolones exhibit a class effect with regard to the CLSI-established breakpoints for resistance, such that decreased susceptibility (i.e., an increased MIC) to one fluoroquinolone means a simultaneously decreased susceptibility to all. For defined strains, however, clear differences exist in the pharmacodynamic properties of each fluoroquinolone and the extent to which resistance-associated genotypes affect the MICs of each fluoroquinolone. In a pilot stu

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Leibovitz, Eugene. "The use of fluoroquinolones in children." Current Opinion in Pediatrics 18, no. 1 (2006): 64–70. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mop.0001110952.28102.8f.

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Abstract Purpose of review The fluoroquinolones are an important group of antibiotics widely used in the treatment of various infectious diseases in adults, as a result of an excellent spectrum of activity, good tissue penetration and convenient ways of administration. Their use in children is limited as a result of possible fluoroquinolone-induced joint/cartilage toxicity observed mainly in juvenile animal studies. Recent findings Fluoroquinolones were successfully used in immunocompromised children and also in those suffering from multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections (including neona

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Abdul Tariq, Musawir Khan, Asfand Yar Wali Khan, et al. "Comparison of Treatment Outcomes of Typhoid Fever with Cephalosporins Vs. Fluoroquinolones in Population of Balochistan." Indus Journal of Bioscience Research 3, no. 6 (2025): 235–39. https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i6.1628.

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Background: Typhoid fever remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in developing regions such as Balochistan, Pakistan. Rising antibiotic resistance, especially to fluoroquinolones, complicates treatment. This study aims to compare the treatment outcomes of cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones in managing typhoid fever in the population of Balochistan. Methods: This qualitative comparative case study was conducted in tertiary care hospitals in Quetta, Balochistan. A total of 80 patients diagnosed with typhoid fever were purposively sampled, with 40 treated with cephalosporins

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Majalekar, Priyanka P., and Pramodkumar J. Shirote. "Fluoroquinolones: Blessings Or Curses." Current Drug Targets 21, no. 13 (2020): 1354–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450121666200621193355.

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Fluoroquinolones are one of the world’s most valuable and popularly used categories of antimicrobial agents. This paper attempts to review the substantial progress of fluoroquinolones from their discovery to black box warning. Antibiotic drug choice will remain difficult in the presence of increasing resistance, but the introduction of fluoroquinolones has created a new and exciting era in antimicrobial treatment. These are a synthetic heterogeneous group of compounds used in both hospital and community practices to treat numerous severe infections. The era of quinolone antibiotics began with

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Maumus-Robert, Sandy, Stéphanie Debette, Xavier Bérard, Yohann Mansiaux, Pascale Tubert-Bitter, and Antoine Pariente. "Risk of Intracranial Aneurysm and Dissection and Fluoroquinolone Use." Stroke 51, no. 3 (2020): 994–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.119.028490.

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Background and Purpose— Fluoroquinolone use is associated with an increased risk of aortic aneurysm and dissection. We investigated this risk of arterial wall injury on intracranial arteries, given the similar pathophysiological mechanisms for aneurysm and dissection in both types of arteries. Methods— A case-time-control study was conducted using French National Insurance databases covering >60 million inhabitants. Cases were aged ≥18 years with first ruptured intracranial aneurysm and dissection between 2010 and 2015. For each case, fluoroquinolone use was compared between the exposure-ri

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Simoens, Steven, Jan Verhaegen, Pascal van Bleyenbergh, Willy E. Peetermans, and Marc Decramer. "Consumption Patterns and In Vitro Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to Fluoroquinolones." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 6 (2011): 3051–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00019-11.

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ABSTRACTThis article analyzes patterns of consumption of fluoroquinolones and documents thein vitroresistances ofStreptococcus pneumoniaeisolates to fluoroquinolones in the ambulatory care setting in Belgium over time. The volume of fluoroquinolone consumption has fallen consistently since 2003. Fluoroquinolones were used primarily for their registered indications (i.e., urinary tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections). The MIC distributions of moxifloxacin and levofloxacin inS. pneumoniaeisolates remained stable during 2004 to 2009, and the level of resistance to moxifloxacin

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Leonova, Marina V. "Collagen-associated side effects of fluoroquinolones: aneurysm and aortic dissection (systematic review)." Consilium Medicum 24, no. 1 (2022): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20751753.2022.1.201380.

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Well known for fluoroquinolones cause the development of collagen-associated side effects tendopathies with the risk of tendon rupture and retinal detachment, which is associated with the damaging effect and degradation of type I and type III collagen. The aorta is also rich in collagen type I and type III up to 8090%, which has the potential to play a role in the development of aortopathies in cases of fluoroquinolone use. Since 2015, the first publications of research results on the collagen-associated effect of fluoroquinolones on the development of aneurysm and aortic dissection, often cal

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Malik, Muhammad, Kevin R. Marks, Arkady Mustaev, et al. "Fluoroquinolone and Quinazolinedione Activities against Wild-Type and Gyrase Mutant Strains of Mycobacterium smegmatis." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 5 (2011): 2335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00033-11.

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ABSTRACTQuinazolinediones (diones) are fluoroquinolone-like inhibitors of bacterial gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV. To assess activity against mycobacteria, C-8-methoxy dione derivatives were compared with cognate fluoroquinolones by using culturedMycobacterium smegmatis. Diones exhibited higher MIC values than fluoroquinolones; however, MICs for fluoroquinolone-resistantgyrAmutants, normalized to the MIC for wild-type cells, were lower. Addition of a 3-amino group to the 2,4-dione core increased relative activity against mutants, while alteration of the 8-methoxy group to a methyl or of the

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Pereyre, S., H. Renaudin, C. Bébéar, and C. M. Bébéar. "In Vitro Activities of the Newer Quinolones Garenoxacin, Gatifloxacin, and Gemifloxacin against Human Mycoplasmas." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, no. 8 (2004): 3165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.8.3165-3168.2004.

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ABSTRACT The activities of garenoxacin, gatifloxacin, and gemifloxacin were compared with those of four fluoroquinolones against human mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas, including fluoroquinolone-resistant genetically characterized strains. Garenoxacin exhibited the highest activity, followed by gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin, and gatifloxacin. The minimal bactericidal activities of these three compounds were lower than those of the four fluoroquinolones.

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Wulandari, Citra, and Ziske Maritska. "DETECTION OF FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE IN MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS ISOLATE CAUSED BY MUTATION IN THE GYRA GENE." Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya 9, no. 1 (2022): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/jkk.v9i1.16554.

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Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a public health concern. TB that is drug-resistant to rifampin and isoniazid is known as MDR-TB, whereas XDR-TB is MDR-TB that is also resistant to second-line medicines, such as fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and moxifloxacin). rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB), of which 78 percent had multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) (MDR-TB). Fluoroquinolones are a class of broad-spectrum antimicrobials that have become increasingly popular in recent years. Fluoroquinolones have activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis both in vitro and in vivo. F

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Maurin, M., C. Abergel, and D. Raoult. "DNA Gyrase-Mediated Natural Resistance to Fluoroquinolones in Ehrlichia spp." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, no. 7 (2001): 2098–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.7.2098-2105.2001.

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ABSTRACT Fluoroquinolone susceptibility heterogeneity between variousEhrlichia species has been previously demonstrated. In gram-negative bacteria, resistance to fluoroquinolones most often corresponds to specific amino acid variations in a portion of the protein sequence of the A subunit of DNA gyrase (GyrA), referred to as the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR). We suspected a similar mechanism to be responsible for natural resistance in someEhrlichia species. To verify this hypothesis, we sequenced the entire gyrA gene of the quinolone-susceptible speciesEhrlichia sennetsu and d

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Goldberg, Stefan, and Philip LoBue. "Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Focus on the Fluoroquinolones." Clinical Medicine Insights: Therapeutics 2 (January 2010): CMT.S1974. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmt.s1974.

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Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are relatively new drugs in anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment, with the potential to become the first new class of drugs to be recommended for routine treatment since rifamycins in the 1960s. Later generation fluoroquinolones, including levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin have been found to be safe and well-tolerated in observational studies and phase 2 clinical trials, except for a risk of severe dysglycemias with gatifloxacin. These drugs currently are used as second-line agents in treatment of TB cases with drug resistance and drug intolerance, and empiri

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Wren, Callyn Mariah, Jill Cowper, Nickie Greer, Laurel Goldin, and Alicia Perry. "Effect of Reduced Fluoroquinolone Use on Cephalosporin Use, Susceptibilities and Clostridioides difficile Infections." Antibiotics 11, no. 10 (2022): 1312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11101312.

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Background: Overuse of fluoroquinolones has led to concerning rates of resistance, particularly among Gram-negative organisms. They are also highly implicated as a risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection, and reports of other serious adverse events led to recommendations to restrict their use. Our health system began targeting the reduction in unnecessary fluoroquinolone prescribing in 2018, aiming to promote their safe and effective use. Broad-spectrum cephalosporins are often used as an alternative to fluoroquinolones. We sought to evaluate whether decreased fluoroquinolone use wa

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Smith, Karen M., and Ben M. Lomaestro. "What Role do Fluoroquinolone Antimicrobial Agents Play in Cardiac Dysfunction and Altered Glycemic Control?" Journal of Pharmacy Practice 16, no. 5 (2003): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190003257626.

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This article focuses on the development of 2 major adverse drug events associated with some fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents, specifically cardiac and glycemic effects. Cardiac dysfunction, including corrected QT (QTc) interval prolongation and torsades de pointes, has been linked to the administration of fluoroquinolones. The first indication of QTc prolongation was reportedwith sparfloxacin, and since that time, it has been associated with a number of other fluoroquinolones, leading to the assumption that this is a general class effect. Fluoroquinolone-associated effects on cardiac condu

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Lewis, Trevor, and Jill Cook. "Fluoroquinolones and Tendinopathy: A Guide for Athletes and Sports Clinicians and a Systematic Review of the Literature." Journal of Athletic Training 49, no. 3 (2014): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.2.09.

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Context: Fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been used for several decades and are effective antimicrobials. Despite their usefulness as antibiotics, a growing body of evidence has accumulated in the peer-reviewed literature that shows fluoroquinolones can cause pathologic lesions in tendon tissue (tendinopathy). These adverse effects can occur within hours of commencing treatment and months after discontinuing the use of these drugs. In some cases, fluoroquinolone usage can lead to complete rupture of the tendon and substantial subsequent disability. Objective: To discuss the cause, pharmacology

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Adams, Daniel A., Michelle M. Riggs, and Curtis J. Donskey. "Effect of Fluoroquinolone Treatment on Growth of and Toxin Production by Epidemic and Nonepidemic Clostridium difficile Strains in the Cecal Contents of Mice." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 8 (2007): 2674–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01582-06.

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ABSTRACT Several recent outbreaks of Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) have been attributed to the emergence of an epidemic strain with increased resistance to fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Some clinical studies have suggested that fluoroquinolones with enhanced antianaerobic activity (i.e., gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin) may have a greater propensity to induce CDAD than ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin do. We examined the effects of subcutaneous fluoroquinolone treatment on in vitro growth of and toxin production by epidemic and nonepidemic C. difficile isolates in cecal contents o

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Suzuki, Hiroyuki, Eli N. Perencevich, Bruce Alexander, et al. "Inpatient Fluoroquinolone Stewardship Improves the Quantity and Quality of Fluoroquinolone Prescribing at Hospital Discharge: A Retrospective Analysis Among 122 Veterans Health Administration Hospitals." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 5 (2019): 1232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz967.

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Abstract Background Despite increasing awareness of harms, fluoroquinolones are still frequently prescribed to inpatients and at hospital discharge. Our goal was to describe fluoroquinolone prescribing at hospital discharge across the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and to contrast the volume and appropriateness of fluoroquinolone prescribing across 3 antimicrobial stewardship strategy types. Methods We analyzed a retrospective cohort of patients hospitalized at 122 VHA acute-care hospitals during 2014–2016. Data from a mandatory VHA survey were used to identify 9 hospitals that self-repo

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Saxton, Katie, Simon D. Baines, Jane Freeman, Rachael O'Connor, and Mark H. Wilcox. "Effects of Exposure of Clostridium difficile PCR Ribotypes 027 and 001 to Fluoroquinolones in a Human Gut Model." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 2 (2008): 412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00306-08.

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ABSTRACT The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection is increasing, with reports implicating fluoroquinolone use. A three-stage chemostat gut model was used to study the effects of three fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin) on the gut microbiota and two epidemic C. difficile strains, strains of PCR ribotypes 027 and 001, in separate experiments. C. difficile total viable counts, spore counts, and cytotoxin titers were determined. The emergence of C. difficile isolates with reduced antibiotic susceptibility was monitored with fluoroquinolone-containing medium, a

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Chuang, Chien, Sheng-Hua Chou, and Yi-Tsung Lin. "1495. Fluoroquinolone as an Alternative Regimen for Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscess." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S544—S545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1359.

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Abstract Background Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess (KPLA) is an endemic disease in East Asia. KPLA is usually caused by hypervirulent strains that are susceptible to all kinds of antibiotics except ampicillin. Patients with KPLA are commonly treated with β-lactams and need prolonged duration of intravenous therapy. Fluoroquinolone has high oral bioavailability and has the potential to shorten the duration of intravenous therapy, but studies regarding fluoroquinolone use in KPLA are limited. We aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with KPLA treated with β-lactams and fluoroquinolone.

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Alghasham, Abdullah A., and Milap C. Nahata. "Clinical Use of Fluoroquinolones in Children." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 34, no. 3 (2000): 347–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.18146.

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OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of fluoroquinolones in children. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (January 1966–March 1998) was conducted for relevant literature. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Data from compassionate use and published studies were reviewed for the assessment of pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of fluoroquinolones in children. DATA SYNTHESIS: Fluoroquinolones have a broad spectrum coverage of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and intracellular organisms. Fluoroquinolones are well absorbed from t

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SMITH, JAMES L., and PINA M. FRATAMICO. "Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter." Journal of Food Protection 73, no. 6 (2010): 1141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-73.6.1141.

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Campylobacter is a commensal in poultry, and therefore, poultry and poultry products are major sources of Campylobacter infections in humans. Fluoroquinolones inhibit the growth of Campylobacter and other microorganisms by binding to bacterial DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV. These enzymes are associated with bacterial transcription, replication, and chromosome condensation and segregation. Selection pressure in the presence of fluoroquinolones rapidly leads to resistance in Campylobacter, due to the selection for mutations in DNA gyrase. Fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacters have been

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Garvey, Mark I., Alison J. Baylay, Ryan L. Wong, and Laura J. V. Piddock. "Overexpression ofpatAandpatB, Which Encode ABC Transporters, Is Associated with Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Clinical Isolates ofStreptococcus pneumoniae." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 1 (2010): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00672-10.

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ABSTRACTFifty-seven clinical isolates ofStreptococcus pneumoniaewere divided into four groups based on their susceptibilities to the fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin and the dyes ethidium bromide and acriflavine. Comparative reverse transcription-PCR was used to determine the level of expression of the genespatAandpatB, which encode putative ABC transporters. Overexpression was observed in 14 of the 15 isolates that were resistant to both fluoroquinolones and dyes and in only 3 of 24 of those resistant to fluoroquinolones only. Isolates overexpressingpatAandpatBaccumulated signif

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Ruiz-Lievano, Ana P., Fernando Cervantes-Flores, Alessandro Nava-Torres, Paulo J. Carbajal-Morales, Luisa F. Villaseñor-Garcia, and Maria G. Zavala-Cerna. "Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Escherichia coli Causing Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review." Microorganisms 12, no. 11 (2024): 2320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12112320.

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Community-acquired urinary tract infections account for 15% of all outpatient use of antibiotics, and women are primarily affected; the major causative microorganism is uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli). Treatment is indicated for cystitis and pyelonephritis and includes B-lactams (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or third-generation cephalosporins), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin), nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. Resistance to antibiotic treatment is of concern; several mechanisms have been associated with the acquisition of genes that confer

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Fei, Zhixin, Shufeng Song, Xin Yang, Dingguo Jiang, Jie Gao, and Dajin Yang. "Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Fluoroquinolone Residues in Chicken and Pork in China." Antibiotics 11, no. 10 (2022): 1292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11101292.

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Antibiotics, especially fluoroquinolones, have been exhaustively used in animal husbandry. However, very limited information on the occurrence and exposure assessment of fluoroquinolone residues in chicken and pork in China is available to date. Thus, a total of 1754 chicken samples and 1712 pork samples were collected from 25 provinces in China and tested by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) for residual determination of six common fluoroquinolones. The results revealed that the detection frequencies of fluoroquinolone residues were 3.99% and 1

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Banerjee, Tuhina, and Shampa Anupurba. "Risk factors associated with fluoroquinolone-resistant enterococcal urinary tract infections in a tertiary care university hospital in north India." Indian Journal of Medical Research 144, no. 4 (2016): 604–10. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-5916.200897.

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Background & objectives: Fluoroquinolone resistance in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria has increased with the widespread use of fluoroquinolones. Fluoroquinolone resistance in Gram-negative bacilli has been widely studied, though staphylococci and enterococci are also notably resistant. Enterococci being the second most common cause of healthcare-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) fluoroquinolones are often the drug of choice. This study was undertaken to assess the risk factors associated with fluoroquinolone-resistant enterococcal UTI in a tertiary level health faci

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Turnidge, John, Lawrence R. McCarthy, Ronald N. Master, and Douglas E. Kepner. "Low levels of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. A five-year trend in Australia measured through the use of TSN® Database Australia." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 27 (May 30, 2003): S89—S91. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2003.27.28.

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In many countries, fluoroquinolones are among the most commonly used antibacterial drugs. Concerns about bacterial resistance to these and other frequently used drugs have been raised by the medical and scientific communities. While fluoroquinolone resistance has not yet developed among many bacteria, emergence of resistance in Escherichia coli would be a problem as multiple resistances to other antibiotics is now a common problem. This paper examines trends in resistance to fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli through analysis of data collected from Australian institutions between 1997 and 20

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Krausse, Rea, and Uwe Ullmann. "In Vitro Activities of New Fluoroquinolones against Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolates Obtained from Humans in 1980 to 1982 and 1997 to 2001." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 9 (2003): 2946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.9.2946-2950.2003.

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ABSTRACT The antibacterial activities of three newly developed fluoroquinolones (gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin) against a total of 307 gastrointestinal human isolates of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli collected during 1980 to 1982 and 1997 to 2001 were examined and compared to those of ciprofloxacin and the unrelated antibacterial agents, clarithromycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline by using the agar plate dilution method. All of the fluoroquinolones exhibited a good activity against Campylobacter, and some of them were more active than ciprofloxacin, the macrolid

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Kowalska, Justyna, Klaudia Banach, Artur Beberok, Jakub Rok, Zuzanna Rzepka, and Dorota Wrześniok. "The Biochemical and Molecular Analysis of Changes in Melanogenesis Induced by UVA-Activated Fluoroquinolones—In Vitro Study on Human Normal Melanocytes." Cells 10, no. 11 (2021): 2900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10112900.

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Fluoroquinolones cause phototoxic reactions, manifested as different types of skin lesions, including hyperpigmentation. The disturbances of melanogenesis indicate that fluoroquinolones may affect cellular processes in melanocytes. It has been reported that these antibiotics may bind with melanin and accumulate in pigmented cells. The study aimed to examine the changes in melanogenesis in human normal melanocytes exposed to UVA radiation and treated with lomefloxacin and moxifloxacin, the most and the least fluoroquinolone, respectively. The obtained results demonstrated that both tested fluor

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Yakupova, L. R., T. Yu Kopnova, A. A. Skuredina та E. V. Kudryashova. "Effect of Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin on the Interaction of Fluoroquinolones with Human Serum Albumin". Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry 48, № 1 (2022): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1068162022010149.

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Abstract— The influence of the structure of fluoroquinolones (on the example of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin) and their complexation with methyl-β-cyclodextrin on the interaction of the drug with human serum albumin was studied. It was found that the binding of the drug molecule with albumin is significantly affected by the structure of fluoroquinolone, as well as the presence of methyl-β-cyclodextrin. It was discovered that of the two fluoroquinolones, the more hydrophobic ciprofloxacin molecule interacts more strongly with the protein, using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy

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Gums, John G., and Benjamin J. Epstein. "Fluoroquinolone- and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: Insights from the Antimicrobial Resistance Management Program." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 21, no. 3 (2005): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512250502100302.

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Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of infections involving the bloodstream, skin and soft tissue, and lungs in hospitalized patients. These isolates are often multidrug resistant and represent a major therapeutic challenge. Objective: To explore the susceptibilities of S. aureus to nafcillin/oxacillin, a surrogate for methicillin resistance, and the fluoroquinolones and determine whether a relationship might exist between fluoroquinolone use and the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Methods: To date, 353 institutions throughout the US and Puerto Rico have

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Gradl, Gabriele, Johanna Werning, Salka Enners, Marita Kieble, and Martin Schulz. "Quality Appraisal of Ambulatory Oral Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone Use in the 16 German Federal States from 2014–2019." Antibiotics 10, no. 7 (2021): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10070831.

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Background: Despite concerns about causing bacterial resistance and serious side effects, oral cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones are still frequently prescribed in Germany. We aimed to test a method for the detection of regional quality differences in the use of oral cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones and to apply this to the German federal states. Methods: Use of antibiotics from 2014–2019 was analyzed using dispensing data from community pharmacies claimed to the statutory health insurance (SHI) funds. Quality of regional antibiotic use in 2019 was assessed by calculating indicators based

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M.F, Deliaz, Hendradi E, and Hariyadi D.M. "Polymeric Fluoroquinolone Microparticles for Pulmonary Drug Delivery: A Review on Characteristics, Drug Release Profile, and Antibacterial Study." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 03 (2023): 1037–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.13.3.44.

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Polymeric microparticles have recently gained significant attention as promising carriers for antibiotic administration to the pulmonary route, especially the antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone class. The versatility and efficiency of fluoroquinolones, combined with the stability, biocompatibility, and tunable protection provided by polymeric encapsulation in microparticles, contribute to the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone microparticles in achieving desirable characteristics, particularly precise and controlled drug release in the lungs. Such characteristics, drug release profile, and ant

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Koirala, Kanika Deshpande, Duy Pham Thanh, Sudeep Dhoj Thapa, et al. "Highly Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi with a NovelgyrAMutation Raises Questions about the Long-Term Efficacy of Older Fluoroquinolones for Treating Typhoid Fever." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 5 (2012): 2761–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.06414-11.

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ABSTRACTAs a consequence of multidrug resistance, clinicians are highly dependent on fluoroquinolones for treating the serious systemic infection typhoid fever. While reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones, which lessens clinical efficacy, is becoming ubiquitous, comprehensive resistance is exceptional. Here we report ofloxacin treatment failure in typhoidal patient infected with a novel, highly fluoroquinolone-resistant isolate ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhi. The isolation of this organism has serious implications for the long-term efficacy of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin for typhoid t

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Korkuna, Olha, Tetyana Zhak, and Maria Smolinska. "Ion-pair complexes formation between fluoroquinolone antibiotics and methyl red and their use for the extraction-spectrophotometric analysis." Adsorption Science & Technology 35, no. 7-8 (2017): 612–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617417703510.

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The new spectrophotometric methods of fluoroquinolones: enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin determination with the methyl red are based on ion-pair complex formation between fluoroquinolones and methyl red in acidic medium at pH 3–4 and subsequent three times extraction of the reaction products by chloroform. The obtained orange extract has an absorbance maximum at λmax = 492 nm. Optimum conditions for the formation as well as for the extraction of ion-pair complexes between fluoroquinolones and methyl red at the presence of acetate buffer and potassium chloride solutions have been establ

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Kurtov, Marija, Paula Kilić, Lucija Ikić, et al. "Ciprofloxacin-Induced Anaphylactic Reaction Followed by Negative Provocation Test in Response to Levofloxacin: A Case Report." Medicina 59, no. 10 (2023): 1784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59101784.

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Fluoroquinolones are a commonly prescribed class of antibiotics due to their broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, favorable pharmacokinetic properties, ability to switch from parenteral to oral administration, and global availability. After beta-lactams, they are the second most common antibiotic class associated with drug allergies. The mechanism of fluoroquinolone-induced hypersensitivity reactions has not yet been fully understood, so the true incidence of hypersensitivity reactions remains unknown. Cross-reactivity between fluoroquinolones has been the subject of conflicting and limit

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Kuryata, N. V., O. M. Chechet, O. I. Gorbatyuk, et al. "Fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strains in animal and poultry feed from Ukrainian feed-producing enterprises." Animal Biology 27, no. 1 (2025): 9–14. https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol27.01.009.

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The article presents the results of studying the sensitivity of Escherichia coli strains isolated from animal and poultry feed samples to fluoroquinolones of the second (ofloxacin, norfloxacin), third (levofloxacin) and fourth (moxifloxacin) generations. It was shown that high resistance to norfloxacin was detected in 7 strains of isolated E. coli, which accounted for 33.3% of the identified ones. To ofloxacin and to the representative of the third generation of fluoroquinolones — levofloxacin, 3 isolated strains of E. coli were resistant, which was 14.3% of the studied strains. Resistance to

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Panjla, Apurva, Grace Kaul, Manjulika Shukla, et al. "A novel molecular scaffold resensitizes multidrug-resistant S. aureus to fluoroquinolones." Chemical Communications 55, no. 59 (2019): 8599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc03001h.

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A peptide-based molecule offers synergism with fluoroquinolones and their combination “resensitizes” fluoroquinolone-resistant strains of S. aureus, thus presenting a strategy for antibiotic potentiation against nosocomial infections.

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Tang, Yu-Hsin, Po-Liang Lu, Ho-Yin Huang, and Ying-Chi Lin. "Clinical effectiveness of beta-lactams versus fluoroquinolones as empirical therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalized for urinary tract infections: A retrospective cohort study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (2022): e0266416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266416.

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Background Diabetic patients are at risk of severe urinary tract infections (UTIs). Due to the emerging resistance rates to fluoroquinolones and β-lactams, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of β-lactams versus fluoroquinolones as empirical therapy for diabetic patients hospitalized for UTIs. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a medical center in Taiwan between 2016 and 2018. Patients with type 2 diabetes, aged ≥20 and hospitalized for UTIs were enrolled. Patients with UTI diagnosis within one year before the admission, co-infections at the admission, or ≥2 pathogens in

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Haas, Wolfgang, Chris M. Pillar, Gary E. Zurenko, Jacqueline C. Lee, Lynne S. Brunner, and Timothy W. Morris. "Besifloxacin, a Novel Fluoroquinolone, Has Broad-Spectrum In Vitro Activity against Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 8 (2009): 3552–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00418-09.

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ABSTRACT The antibacterial spectrum of besifloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone recently approved for treatment of ocular infections, was studied using 2,690 clinical isolates representing 40 species. Overall, besifloxacin was the most potent agent tested against gram-positive pathogens and anaerobes and was generally equivalent to comparator fluoroquinolones in activity against most gram-negative pathogens. Besifloxacin demonstrated potent, broad-spectrum activity, which was particularly notable against gram-positive and gram-negative isolates that were resistant to other fluoroquinolones and cl

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Cohen, Keira A., Ebbing Lautenbach, Mark G. Weiner, Marie Synnestvedt, and Leanne B. Gasink. "Coadministration of Oral Levofloxacin With Agents That Impair Absorption: Impact on Antibiotic Resistance." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 29, no. 10 (2008): 975–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/590666.

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Coadministration of oral divalent or trivalent cation-containing compounds with oral fluoroquinolones may impair fluoroquinolone absorption. Among 3,134 patients who received a course of oral levofloxacin, coadministration was significantly associated with subsequent identification of a levofloxacin-resistant isolate. Strategies to curb the emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance should include avoiding the coadministration of divalent or trivalent cation-containing compounds and fluoroquinolone.

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Soni, Kriti. "Fluoroquinolones: Chemistry & Action – A Review." Indo Global Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 02, no. 01 (2012): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35652/igjps.2012.04.

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Fluoroquinolones are a class of antibiotics with potent bactericidal, broad spectrum activity against many clinically important pathogens which are responsible for variety of infections including urinary tract infections (UTI), gastrointestinal infections, respiratory tract infections (RTI), sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and skin infections. They are primarily used against urinary tract infections and are also clinically useful against prostatitis, infections of skin and bones and penicillin resistant sexually transmitted diseases. The growth in understanding of structure activity relati

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Dong, Yuzhi, Chen Xu, Xilin Zhao, John Domagala, and Karl Drlica. "Fluoroquinolone Action against Mycobacteria: Effects of C-8 Substituents on Growth, Survival, and Resistance." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 42, no. 11 (1998): 2978–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.42.11.2978.

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ABSTRACT Fluoroquinolones trap gyrase on DNA as bacteriostatic complexes from which lethal DNA breaks are released. Substituents at the C-8 position increase activities of N-1-cyclopropyl fluoroquinolones against several bacterial species. In the present study, a C-8-methoxyl group improved bacteriostatic action againstgyrA (gyrase-resistant) strains ofMycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis BCG. It also enhanced lethal action against gyrase mutants of M. bovis BCG. When cultures of M. smegmatis, M. bovis BCG, and M. tuberculosis were challenged with a C-8-methoxyl fluoroquinolone, no resistan

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