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Smetana, Roman. "Výpočtové modelování mechanických ztrát v klikovém mechanismu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228980.
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In the introduction of master’s thesis is introduced the common identification with basics of friction, wear and mechanical losses. Master’s thesis includes description of solving losses by help of the MBS software and analysis of mechanical losses in the crank train. In the last part of work is introduced design for decrease mechanical losses in the crank train. At the close of master’s thesis are reviewed records.
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Krajči, Jakub. "Moderní pohonná jednotka s vysokou mechanickou účinností – klikový mechanismus." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232049.
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This master's thesis is concerned with the mechanical efficiency of cranktrain contact pairs in a combustion engine. In the introductory part, the fundamental terminology relating to the cranktrain is presented along with the specification of the areas of mechanical losses, greasing modes and types of wear. The following chapters describe the possibilities of eliminating mechanical losses of the cranktrain and the calculation methods that can be utilized to mathematically solve mechanical losses. The practical part includes the proposal of a calculation model and its use in the analysis of the cranktrain of Skoda 1.2 HTP engine. The last part of this thesis comprises modified alternatives of the standard cranktrain focusing on the elimination of mechanical losses. The evaluation of the results is presented in the conclusion of this thesis.
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Rabello, Ana Paula de Sá Santos. "Um novo processo para melhorar a dependabilidade de sistemas espaciais entre as fases de planejamento e projeto detalhado incluindo extensões do Diagrama de Markov (DMEP) e da FMECA (FMEP) a projetos." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), 2016. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21b/2016/11.07.17.54.
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Sistemas complexos e/ou altamente integrados necessitam da (1$^{a}$ motivação): avaliação da Dependabilidade (Confiabilidade, Manutenabilidade, Disponibilidade, etc.) durante todo o seu ciclo de vida. Os projetos destes sistemas possuem três conjuntos fundamentais de atividades: gerenciais, técnicas e de qualidade. Estas atividades são organizadas em processos. A literatura recente aponta que as funções, responsabilidades, e autoridades do Gerenciamento de Projetos e da Engenharia de Sistemas estão fortemente acopladas. Representantes do Project Management Institute (PMI) e do \emph{International Council on Systems Engineering} (INCOSE) compartilham a opinião que o Gerenciamento de Projetos e a Engenharia de Sistemas compartilham objetivos vitais, mas reconhecem também que (2$^{a}$ motivação): há muitos anos existe uma barreira cultural entre o Gerenciamento de Projetos e a Engenharia de Sistemas. Consequentemente, o trabalho conjunto muitas vezes tem maior custo, necessita de mais tempo e fornece uma solução não ótima para o cliente ou usuário final. A \emph{Defense Acquisition University} (DAU) após uma extensa análise estatística baseada em projetos do \emph{U.S.Department of Defense} (DoD), concluiu que (3$^{a}$ motivação): o crescimento do custo comprometido do projeto é muito maior que o custo despendido nas fases iniciais; e também que o custo para eliminar os defeitos é menor nas fases iniciais do projeto. Particularmente, o INPE necessita que (4$^{a}$ motivação): se melhorem os processos atuais de gerenciamento e engenharia de subsistemas de satélites, por exemplo, incorporando o que há de melhor nos processos do PMI e INCOSE, e nos padrões da ECSS (seguidos pelo INPE). Assim, neste trabalho o problema que se objetiva resolver é reduzir as não conformidades e retrabalhos dos aspectos de Dependabilidade de um sistema, advindas de análises tardias ou inexistentes e da interação pouca ou inexistente entre o Gerenciamento de Projetos e Engenharia de Sistemas, propondo um novo processo para melhorar a Dependabilidade de sistemas espaciais entre as Fases de Planejamento e Projeto Detalhado, incluindo extensões do Diagrama de Markov (DMEP) e da FMECA (FMEP) a projetos. Isto inclui: antecipar análises, acrescentar análises aos processos examinados, aumentar a colaboração entre o Gerenciamento de Projetos e a Engenharia de Sistemas, conectá-las a técnicas e exemplificar seu suporte com uma ferramenta. Considerando o exposto acima e o foco principal nos projetos de subsistemas de satélite desenvolvidos pelo INPE, uma aplicação e avaliação do novo processo são realizadas através de um estudo de caso referente aos satélites do programa \emph{China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite} (CBERS). Os resultados obtidos e suas avaliações sugerem que o processo e as adaptações propostas são corretos e vantajosos em tais aplicações e admitem inúmeros aperfeiçoamentos futuros.Complex and/or highly integrated systems require the (1$^{st}$ motivation): evaluation of Dependability (Reliability, Maintainability, Availability, etc.) throughout their life cycle. The designs of these systems have three main sets of activities: managerial, technical and quality. These activities are organized in processes. The recent literature suggests that the functions, responsibilities, and authorities of the Project Management and the Systems Engineering are strongly coupled. The Project Management Institute (PMI) and the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) leaders share the opinion that the Project Management and the Systems Engineering share vital goals, but also recognize that (2$^{nd}$ motivation): for many years there is a cultural barrier between the Project Management and the Systems Engineering. Consequently, the joint work often has a higher cost, requires more time and provides a non-optimal solution for customers or end users. The Defense Acquisition University (DAU), after an extensive statistical analysis based on projects of the U. S. Department of Defense (DoD), concluded that (3$^{nd}$ motivation): the growth of the committed project cost is much greater than the cost spent in the initial stages; and also the cost to eliminate the defects is smaller in the initial stages of project. Particularly, INPE requires that (4$^{nd}$ motivation): we improve the current management and engineering processes of satellite subsystems, for example, incorporating the best of the PMI and INCOSE processes, and the ECSS Standards (followed by INPE). So, in this work the problem which we aim to solve is to reduce non-conformities and rework aspects of Dependability of a system, arising from late or non-existent analysis and little or non-existent interaction between the Project Management and the Systems Engineering by proposing a new process for improving the Dependability of space systems in the Phases of Planning to Detailed Design, including extensions of Markov Diagrams (DMEP) and FMECA (FMEP) to projects. This includes: to anticipate analysis, add analyses of the examined processes, increase collaboration between the Project Management and the Systems Engineering, connect them to techniques and exemplify their support with a tool. Considering the above and the main focus in satellite subsystems projects developed by INPE, an application and evaluation of the new process will be carried out through a case study of the satellites of the program China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS). The results obtained suggest that the proposed process and extensions are advantageous in such applications and admit numerous future improvements.
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Sohail, Owais Arshad. "Object Oriented Failure Modes & effect Analysis : Climate System of Hybrid Vehicles." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, fysik och matematik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-35750.
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In order to make the product more reliable and efficient, the failures and their occurrence related to the products should be reduced if not eliminated. To achieve that, the approach of Failure Modes Effects Analysis (FMEA) is used in the process development phase where all the aspects of the product failure are generated and studied. With the passage of time the systems began to become more complex and alone FMEA not good enough approach for the complex systems. To handle a complex system is a hard and tedious job which requires more expertise. In complex systems the individual system might have overlaps, their boundaries are often unclear. The computation of information and its transmission between the components is extensive. Object Oriented FMEA resolves these issues by identifying the structure and screening a proper boundary of the system. It looks deeply in to the operational environment and external shared resources. It then decomposes its functions and behaviors in to separable physical, logical and attributes objects. The OO-FMEA approach obeys to the objectives of modern product development process and its principles. This approach makes it comparatively much easier to analyze the complex auto-motive systems that are built in extensive electrical architecture. The systems components perform their task while being interacted, linked or even independent. In this thesis the OO-FMEA approach is implemented on the Climate System of the SPA Hybrid.
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Baitar, Rami. "Riskanalys av elsystem med funktions-FMEA." Thesis, KTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146712.
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Riskanalysverktyget failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) som analyserar kompo-nenter och signaler är beroende av att designen av fordonets elsystem finns tillgängligt och utförs därför sent i utvecklingsprocessen av elsystem. Detta medför att vissa fel inte analyseras i tid och kanske måste designas bort i efterhand vilket kan leda till ökad sy-stemkomplexitet samt längre och dyrare utvecklingsprocesser.Målet med examensarbetet är att genom en litteraturstudie ta reda på om det finns me-toder eller arbetssätt som gör att Scania tidigt i utvecklingsprocessen av elsystem kan genomföra funktionsanalyser i sitt riskanalysarbete med FMEA samt analysera dessa.Resultatet av detta examensarbete visar att det är möjligt att påbörja FMEA-arbetet tidigt i utvecklingsprocessen av elsystem om ingenjörerna utgår från ett funktionsperspektiv i riskanalysarbetet där de listar och rangordnar de funktioner som tillsammans realiserar en eller flera funktionaliteter samt deras felmoder, feleffekter, feldetektering, allvarlighet, sannolikhet och frekvens. Med hjälp av en FFMEA kan ingenjörerna tidigt i utveck-lingsprocessen av elsystem snabbt och effektivt hantera de identifierade säkerhetskritiska funktionerna.En befintlig funktionalitet på Scania har brutits ned i funktioner och en FFMEA har genomförts på dessa som en demonstration på hur en FFMEA kan genomföras och se ut.The risk analysis tool failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) that analyzes the com-ponents and signals of a electrical system is design dependent and are therefore per-formed late in the development process of electrical systems. This could lead to that some errors are not analyzed in time and may need to be designed away which can lead to increased system complexity as well as longer and more expensive development proc-esses.The objective of this study is that through a literature review identify if there are any methods or approaches that enables Scania to implement a functional hazard analyzes early in the development process of electrical systems and to analyze these.The results of this thesis shows that it is possible to start the FMEA process early in the development process of the electrical system if the engineers have a functional perspec-tive in mind when performing the risk analysis where they list and rank the functions that is provided by the electrical system and their failure modes, failure effects, failure de-tection, severity, probability and occurrence.By using a function based FMEA, the engineer(s) can identify and promptly handle the safety critical functions early in the development process of a electrical system.A existing functionality at Scania has been broken down into functions and a functional hazard analysis has been performed on these as a demonstration of how a function based FMEA can be carried out and look like.
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Düsing, Christa, and David Prust. "Supplementary failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) for safety application standards DIN EN ISO 13849 safety function-fmea." Technische Universität Dresden, 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71272.
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In the automotive industry, the Safety Function-FMEA according to ISO 26262 and its application to functional safety relevant systems is a well-established process in the form of Automotive Safety Integrity Levels (ASILs). These represent the failure mitigation that must be applied to ensure an acceptable residual risk of malfunctioning behaviour. The DIN EN ISO 13849 (ISO 13849) already describes a process to reduce risks for machines which starts with a Hazard And Risk Analysis (HARA) as described in DIN EN ISO 12100 and concludes with the Safety Requirements Specification (SRS). The SRS is a functional and technical safety concept defining requirements and guidelines to make
sure the design conforms to defined safety goals. ISO 13849 lists important faults and failures for various technologies. The defined Safety Functions (SFs) can be classified in corresponding categories that lead to the particular hardware/system structure. This applies to mechatronic systems consisting of at least one sensor, one control unit and one actuator to monitor the system and effect a response in case of failure. Compared to the methods described in ISO 13849, the Safety Function-FMEA allows systematic identification of additional failures resulting from combinations of effects, rather than only listing the main failure causes. Based on the complexity of the machines it is highly recommended to perform a Safety Function-FMEA as a complementary method to assess and improve the overall safety of machinery.
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Wikdahl, Alexander, and Andreas Eriksson. "Produktutvecklingav friktionssvetshuvuden genom K-FMEA och DFA2." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-64737.
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I och med ökad konkurrens och ökade kundkrav behöver företag bedriva produktutveckling med en rapid approach. ESAB:s sätt att svara upp mot dessa krav har resulterat i ett brett produktsortiment av friktionssvetshuvuden. Deras långsiktiga mål är därför att inrätta en ny standard för att reducera kostnader. Planen är därför att aktivt bedriva produktutveckling tillsammans med universitet och högskolor runt om i landet. Detta produktutvecklingsprojekt kan beskrivas som en första etapp i ett hållbart produktutvecklingsarbete på ESAB mot ett långsiktigt mål om att sätta en ny standard inom FSW. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att analysera två friktionssvetshuvuden: FSW LEGIO 4UT och FSW LEGIO 5UT genom K-FMEA och DFA2. Därigenom kartlägga vilka potentiella brister som finns i de befintliga konstruktionerna och belysa var bristerna finns. Analysresultatet ska tillsammans med produktutvecklingsteori, forma ett informationsunderlag för bedrivande av fortsatt produktutvecklingsarbete. Tillvägagångssättet har bedrivits genom tre faser: 1) uppstart/förarbete, 2) genomförande och 3) avslut/presentation. Vetenskapssynen har präglats av positivism med vissa inslag av hermeneutik. Forskningsmetoden har både vad gäller datainsamling, analysmetodik och utvärderingsmetodik varit kvalitativ. Undersökningsansatsen har varit av abduktiv art medan undersökningsinriktningen har varit kombinerad explorativ och deskriptiv. Först analyserades ritningsunderlag, komponentlistor, STEP-filer och produktspecifikationer för sammanlagt åtta svetshuvuden. Ett strategiskt urval av tre gjordes för att sedan ytterligare exkludera ett av dessa. En djupdykning gjordes i det empiriska underlaget som gav upphov till två hypoteser: 1) komponenter som under drift är i rörelse torde vara högst belägna att utsättas för fel, 2) svetshuvudena kan möjligen komprimeras volymmässigt och komponenter reduceras till antalet. En semi-strukturerad fokusgruppintervju genomfördes för fyra respondenter med teknisk expertis på området. Resultatet av denna gjorde att hypoteserna kunde bekräftas. Detta empiriska datamaterial ställdes mot befintlig teori rörande K-FMEA och DFA2. Vidare utfördes K-FMEA enligt teorin i sju steg på såväl systemnivå som komponentnivå. Sedan gjordes detsamma för DFA2 vars arbetssätt sker i fyra steg. Resultatet av denna studie påvisar att de allra mest kritiska komponenterna rör spindeln, spindelhuset och lager. Påfrestningar finns också i hydrauliken som har tilldelats höga kriticitetstal. Det finns även feltyper med hög risk relaterat till tillverkning och montering. Vad gäller DFA2 visade resultatet att de befintliga konstruktionerna har låg grad av monteringsvänlighet. Detta då flera monteringsriktningar används, flera komponenter är stora, tunga och svårhanterade. En del komponenter har svåråtkomlig monteringsplats. Vidare behövs för vissa komponenter extra hjälpmedel och verktyg för att kunna genomföra monteringen. Rekommendationen till ESAB i en potentiell andra etapp av detta produktutvecklingsarbete, vore att komplettera denna studie med andra produktutvecklingsverktyg och kostnadskalkyler. Detta för att se till att göra rätt från början och eliminera risker för eventuella efterföljande kostsamma justeringar.With increased competition and increased customer requirements, companies need to pursue product development with a rapid approach. ESAB’s way of responding to these demands has resulted in a wide product range of friction welding heads. Their long-term goal is therefore to set a new standard to reduce costs. The plan is to actively conduct product development together with universities in Sweden. This product development project can be described as a first step in sustainable product development work at ESAB towards a long-term goal of setting a new standard within FSW. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze two friction welding heads: FSW LEGIO 4UT and FSW LEGIO 5UT through K-FMEA and DFA2. Thereby, identify the potential shortcomings found in the existing constructions and highlight where the shortcomings exist. The analysis results, together with product development theory, will form an information base for the pursuit of continued product development. The approach has been conducted through three phases: 1) start-up/pre-work, 2) implementation, and 3) completion/presentation. The science view has been characterized by a positivistic nature with elements of hermeneutic in some respects. The research method has been qualitative in terms of data collection, analysis methodology and evaluation methodology. The research effort has been abductive, while the research focus has been a combination of exploratory and descriptive. First, drawing documents, component lists, STEP files and product specifications were analyzed for a total of eight friction welding heads. A strategic selection of three was made to further exclude one more. An in-depth dive into the empirical evidence was made which gave rise to two hypotheses: 1) Components that move relative to others in welding operation, are most likely to be subject to errors; 2) These friction welding heads may possibly be compressed in terms of volume, and the components reduced to the number. A semi-structured focus group interview was conducted with a total of four respondents who have technical expertise in the field. The result of the interview allowed the hypothesis to be confirmed. The empirical data was put against the existing theory regarding K-FMEA and DFA2. Furthermore, K-FMEA was performed according to the theory in seven stages at both system level and component level. Then the same was done for DFA2, whose mode of operation takes place in four stages. The result of this thesis shows that the most critical components relate to the spider, spider house and the bearings. There are also stains in hydraulics that have been awarded high risk priority numbers. Along with that, failure modes with high risk frequencies related to manufacturing and assembly are identified. When it comes to DFA2, the result shows that the existing designs has low degree of assembly ease. This is because several mounting directions are used, several components are large, heavy and difficult to handle. Some components also have difficult access point. In addition, external equipment such as fixtures and tools, are needed to install some components. The recommendation to ESAB in a potential second step of their product development work, would be to complement this study with other product development tools and cost calculations. This to make sure to do right from the start and eliminate risks for any subsequent costly adjustments.
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Sesma, Vitrián Elena. "Beitrag zur Ermittlung von Kosten und Nutzen der präventiven Qualitätsmethoden QFD und FMEA." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973143878.
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DALOSTO, Diogo Nunes. "Uma abordagem para FMEA baseada em métodos quantitativos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIFEI, 2018. http://repositorio.unifei.edu.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/1659.
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Esta Tese apresenta uma abordagem para FMEA baseada em métodos quantitativos, através da análise do sistema de medição por atributos de Repetitividade e Reprodutividade (R&R). Com base em uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o FMEA, observou-se que diversas pesquisas apontam que os seus resultados possuem viés de subjetividade, posto que são gerados segundo interpretação e conceito de pessoas, que são por sua própria natureza, tendenciosas. A partir desta premissa, desenvolveu-se esta pesquisa com o escopo dividido em duas partes, na qual a primeira tem o objetivo de avaliar quantitativamente a subjetividade presente no processo de atribuição das notas do FMEA para os índices de Severidade, Ocorrência, Detecção e o RPN. Assim, por meio dos índices R&R de concordância ICC (Interclass Correlation Coefficient), índice de Kappa e uma concepção de matriz de confiabilidade para o índice de Kendall, analisou-se quantitativamente quatro casos de FMEA, dos quais inferiu-se que seus resultados, do ponto de vista estatístico, apresentaram subjetividade no processo de atribuição de notas. A partir destes resultados, desenvolveu-se a segunda parte do escopo da pesquisa, onde efetuou-se uma análise crítica sobre o FMEA, estabelecendo-se quais fatores causam a subjetividade nesta ferramenta e impactam na sua confiabilidade. Em vista disso, com o propósito de minimizar a subjetividade da ferramenta, propõem-se um novo modelo, chamado de “FMEA R&R”, estabelecendo-se diretrizes e uma estrutura metodológica para corroborar estatisticamente o FMEA. A fim de validar o FMEA R&R, empregou-se o modelo em um caso real da indústria, concluindo-se que o modelo minimiza a subjetividade e aumenta a eficiência do FMEA, em termos de confiabilidade para tomada de decisão e gerenciamento de riscos.
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Gonçalves, Patrícia Raquel Rodrigues. "Aplicação da FMEA no desenvolvimento de novos produtos." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/5335.
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Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialO processo de Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos desempenha um papel crucial na competitividade empresarial. Com o presente Relatório de Estágio pretende-se transmitir a experiência vivida na melhoria do processo de Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos na Oliveira & Irmão S.A., que por razões de simplicidade será designada por OLI, onde se aplicou a metodologia do Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) a um produto – placas de comando para autoclismos – com o objectivo de identificar os principais modos de falhas do produto e suas consequências a nível de desenvolvimento de novos produtos. Neste relatório de Estágio foi dada ênfase ao desenvolvimento de novos produtos, à metodologia de gestão de projectos e à FMEA, que cobrem o segundo capítulo. A principal vantagem do trabalho executado é a de poder aplicar os resultados obtidos aos mesmos tipos de produtos dentro da categoria Placas de Comandos. Por outro lado, com a experiência obtida, poder-se-á aplicar a FMEA aos restantes grupos de produtos, bem como ao processo produtivo de forma a melhorar a produtividade da empresa. No presente estudo foi possível detectar a existência de duas situações diferentes. A primeira envolvendo uma diferenciação de modos de falha por graus de risco e uma segunda por graus de severidade. Foram obtidos doze modos de falha relevantes, dos quais três são respeitantes a graus de severidade elevados. Dos modos de falha detectados ficaram por resolver os relacionados com a cromagem das peças, sobretudo pelo facto de a OLI não ter competência nucleares nesta área e recorrer à subcontratação da mesma. Todos os restantes modos de falha foram analisados e as acções correctivas definidas, sempre que possível no processo de desenvolvimento de novos produtos.
The New Product Development process plays a crucial role in business competitiveness. The main goal of the present Internship Report is to transmit the experience lived in the improvement of the New Products Development at Oliveira & Irmão, S.A., that will be designated as OLI by simplicity reasons, where the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methodology was applied to a product – push plate to in-wall cistern – in order to identify the product’s main failure modes and its consequences at new product development level. In this apprenticeship report the emphasis was placed on the development of new products, on the project’s management methodology and on the FMEA, which cover the second chapter. The main advantage of the executed work is that they could be replicated on the same types of products among the Plates of Commands category. On the other hand, with the obtained experience, FMEA can be applied to the remaining groups of products, as well as to the productive process in order to improve the productivity of the company. In the present study it was possible to detect the existence of two different situations. The first involving the differentiation of the failure modes according to the degrees of risk and the second involving the degree of severity. Twelve important failure modes were obtained, in which three of them are pertaining to high severity degrees. Among the main failure modes, the ones related to chrome are still unsolved, basically because OLI do not have nuclear competencies and resorts to outsourcing. All the remaining failure modes were analyzed and the correction actions defined, as much as possible during the new product development process.
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Khayachi, Anouar. "Rôles fonctionnels de la SUMOylation de FMRP « Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein »." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4031.
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Le syndrome de l’X-fragile est la forme la plus fréquente de déficience intellectuelle héréditaire liée au chromosome X. Cette maladie résulte de la mutation du gène FMR1 localisé sur le chromosome X. La protéine correspondante, FMRP, est absente chez les patients atteints de la maladie. Il faut noter ici qu’il existe un modèle murin mimant la pathologie humaine. Ainsi dans ces animaux qui n’expriment pas la protéine FMRP, les neurones présentent des anomalies architecturales de la synapse entraînant d’importants dysfonctionnements dans la transmission et la plasticité synaptique qui sont à l’origine des déficits intellectuels observés chez les patients atteints du syndrome de l’X-fragile. FMRP joue donc un rôle majeur dans la genèse et la maturation des épines dendritiques. Une des fonctions de FMRP est de lier de nombreux ARNm, de les transporter et d’inhiber leur traduction jusqu’à la synapse. Pour accomplir ses fonctions, FMRP interagit avec de nombreux partenaires cellulaires et ses interactions sont finement régulées par différentes modifications post-traductionnelles. Nous avons montré in vivo que la protéine FMRP est un substrat d’une nouvelle modification, la sumoylation. Nous avons également montré que la sumoylation de FMRP est impliquée dans le maintien de l’architecture synaptique et participe à la régulation de la transmission synaptique. Et enfin, nous avons montré que la sumoylation de FMRP permet sa dissociation avec ses partenaires protéiques au sein des complexes ribonucléoprotéiques se trouvant à la base des épines dendritiques. Les ARNm réprimés par FMRP au sein de ces complexes sont ainsi libérés puis traduitsFragile X Syndrome is the most frequent inherited cause of intellectual disability in children and is caused by the lack of the mRNA-binding Fragile-X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) expression. FMRP plays a role in the activity-dependent targeting and translation of specific mRNAs in dendrites. The absence of FMRP expression in neurons leads to an abnormal neuronal morphology with increased spine length and density. FMRP is therefore playing key roles both in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the functional regulation of FMRP-mediated mRNA trafficking, translation and subsequent protein synthesis are still largely unknown. My host laboratory has recently discovered that FMRP is sumoylated in vivo. Sumoylation is a post-translational modification that consists in the covalent conjugation of the protein SUMO to specific lysine residues of target proteins. To start unraveling the functional consequences of FMRP sumoylation, I studied first the spine morphology of the WT and FMRP Knock Out mice that recapitulated the human disease. Morphological analysis of fmr1-KO neurons transfected with the WT form of FMRP restores the correct mature spine morphology whereas the non-sumoylatable protein failed to do so. Moreover the non-sumoylatable form of FMRP acts as a dominant negative on WT neurons so confirming the important role of FMRP sumoylation in its function. We report here that FMRP sumoylation is required for the control of spine morphology
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Komissarov, Artem 1992. "Reconstitution of FMRP-mediated mRNA transport system in vitro." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670058.
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Learning and memory formation are based on the mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. Synaptic plasticity modulates development and strengthening of new neuronal connections, or synapses, upon learning and is based on local protein synthesis next to activated neuronal spines. Thousands of mRNA species are transported from the soma of neuron to dendrites, in order to be translated on demand. The mechanisms of this mRNA transport remain poorly understood.
Mutations of Fragile X-mental retardation protein (FMRP) cause a spectrum of mental retardation disorders. Among other functions, FMRP mediates signal-mediated mRNA transport and local translation in dendrites. In multiple attempts to understand how FMRP is implicated in mRNA transport, there were identified few motor protein candidates. Besides controversy in the literature, none of these motor proteins was demonstrated to bind directly and transport FMRP. In my PhD studies, I employed in vitro reconstitution assays, coupled to Total Internal Reflection (TIRF) microscopy, to test, which of the proposed candidate motors can transport FMRP along the microtubules and whether FMRP can co-transport mRNA molecules.
In order to understand the biochemistry of FMRP-mediated mRNA transport, I have purified and tested motor proteins from three Kinesin subfamilies. In this PhD thesis, I am reporting that FMRP binds directly to and is transported by Kinesin-2 motor (KIF3A/C heterodimer), but not by the other tested motors. Mutational analysis of FMRP suggests that its C-terminal region plays the biggest role in Kinesin-2 binding, and that this interaction does not depend on the RGG box region, known to recognise the G-quadruplex structure of FMRP’s mRNA targets. These results suggest that mRNA and motor binding by FMRP are not mutually exclusive, and thus FMRP must be capable to mediate mRNA transport. I also show that KIF3A/C motor binds several mRNA targets, with and without G-quadruplex structure, and that G-quadruplex mRNA competes with FMRP for motor binding. These results raise many questions that I address in the Discussion part of the thesis.
This work is the first of its kind, to my knowledge, to systematically test kinesin motor proteins for direct interaction with FMRP and to reconstruct an FMRP transport complex. I conclude that FMRP binds directly to the Kinesin-2 motor and that this complex moves processively along the microtubules. This complex is still missing its cargo, mRNA, which will be investigated beyond the scope of this PhD thesis. I analyse the speeds of used kinesin motors and compare them to the literature. In the end, I discuss possible reasons why FMRP was not binding the G-quadruplex mRNA in my experimental conditions and outline the caveats of in vitro reconstitution assays.El aprendizaje y la formación de la memoria se basan en los mecanismos de plasticidad sináptica. La plasticidad sináptica modula el desarrollo y el fortalecimiento de nuevas conexiones neuronales, o sinapsis, al aprender y se basa en la síntesis local de proteínas al lado de las espinas neuronales activadas. Miles de especies de ARNm son transportadas desde el soma de la neurona a las dendritas, para ser traducidas bajo demanda. Los mecanismos de este transporte de ARNm siguen siendo poco conocidos. Las mutaciones de la proteína Fragile X-mental Retardation (FMRP) causan un espectro de trastornos de retraso mental. Entre otras funciones, FMRP media el transporte de ARNm inducido por señal y la traducción local en las dendritas. En múltiples intentos de comprender cómo FMRP está implicada en el transporte de ARNm, se identificaron algunos candidatos de proteínas motoras. Además de la controversia en la bibliografía, no se demostró que ninguna de estas proteínas se uniera directamente y transportara FMRP. En mis estudios de doctorado, he utilizado ensayos de reconstitución in vitro, junto con la microscopía de reflexión interna total (TIRF), para probar cuál de los motores candidatos propuestos puede transportar FMRP a lo largo de los microtúbulos y si FMRP puede co-transportar moléculas de ARNm. Para comprender la bioquímica del transporte de ARNm mediado por FMRP, he purificado y probado proteínas motoras de tres subfamilias de kinesina. En esta tesis doctoral, presento que FMRP se une directamente y es transportada por el motor Kinesin-2 (heterodímero KIF3A/C), pero no por los otros motores probados. El análisis de mutaciones de FMRP sugiere que su región C-terminal juega el papel más importante en la unión con Kinesin-2, y que esta interacción no depende de la región de RGG box, conocida por identificar la estructura de G.quadruplexde de los ARNm diana de FMRP. Estos resultados sugieren que FMRP es capaz de unirse al motor y transportar ARNm simultáneamente. También muestro una observación de que el motor KIF3A/C se une a varios ARNms, con y sin estructura de G-quadruplex, y que el ARNm con G-quadruplex compite con FMRP por la interacción con la proteína motora. Estos resultados plantean muchas preguntas que abordo en la parte de Discusión de esta tesis. Este trabajo es el primero de su tipo, en mi conocimiento, para probar sistemáticamente la interaccion directa de FMRP con las proteínas motoras de kinesina y para reconstruir un complejo de transporte de FMRP. Concluyo que FMRP se une directamente al motor Kinesin-2 y que este complejo se mueve procesivamente a lo largo de los microtúbulos. A este complejo todavía le falta su carga, ARNm, que se investigará más allá del alcance de esta tesis doctoral. Analizo las velocidades de los motores de kinesina utilizados y los comparo con la bibliografía. Al final, discuto las posibles razones de por qué FMRP no se estaba uniendo el ARNm de G-quadruplex en mis condiciones experimentales y describo los escollos en utiliza de los ensayos de reconstitución in vitro.
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Garcia, Marlise Dellamora. "Uso integrado das técnicas de HACCP, CEP e FMEA." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10884.
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Este trabalho discute a aplicação integrada das técnicas de CEP, FMEA e HACCP. A discussão foi feita com base em um estudo de caso, realizado na empresa Elegê Alimentos, mais especificamente, junto ao processo produtivo do leite longa vida. Esse processo produtivo envolve diversas etapas, que seguem desde o recebimento da matéria-prima até o envase do produto final. O objetivo principal do estudo de caso foi promover melhorias de qualidade e confiabilidade no processo. A partir do aprendizado obtido com o estudo de caso, foi possível elaborar uma proposta para o uso integrado das técnicas mencionadas. A proposta descrita neste trabalho contempla as seguintes etapas: (i) revisão dos pré-requisitos do HACCP, visando promover as primeiras melhorias no processo; (ii) uso do CEP, onde houver dados numéricos, passíveis de tratamento estatístico; (iii) paralelamente, uso do FMEA onde houver muitas operações e atividades; por fim, (iv) uso do HACCP, para assegurar um forte controle sobre os aspectos associados à segurança alimentar.This thesis discusses the integrated application of the techniques known as SPC, FMEA and HACCP. The discussion was based on a case study conducted on Elegê Alimentos. The object of the case study was the production line of the long life milk, which contemplates several stages, from reception of raw material to packaging. The main purpose of the case study was to promote quality and reliability improvements in the production line. The case study was a learning process, allowing the elaboration of a proposal for the integrated application of the mentioned techniques. The proposal described in this work contemplates the following steps: (i) revision of HACCP pre-requisites, searching for initial improvements on the production line; (ii) use of SPC where numeric data is available, allowing statistical analysis; (iii) use of FMEA in processes presenting several operations and activities; and finally (iv) use of HACCP, aiming a strong control on all aspects associated with food safety.
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Chiang, Chih-Yuan. "Cortical development & plasticity in the FMRP KO mouse." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22055.
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Autism is one of the leading causes of human intellectual disability (ID). More than 1% of the human population has autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), and it has been estimated that over 50% of those with ASDs also have ID. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited form of mental retardation and is the leading known genetic cause of autism, affecting approximately 1 in 4000 males and 1 in 8000 females. Approximately 30% of boys with FXS will be diagnosed with autism in their later lives. The cause of FXS is through an over-expansion of the CGG trinucleotide repeat located at the 5’ untranslated region of the FMR1 gene, leading to hypermethylation of the surrounding sequence and eventually partially or fully silencing of the gene. Therefore, the protein product of the gene, fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), is reduced or missing. As a single-gene disorder, FXS offers a scientifically tractable way to examine the underlying mechanism of the disease and also shed some light on understanding ASD and ID. The mouse model of FXS (Fmr1−/y mice) is widely accepted and used as a good model, offering good structural and face validity. Since a primary deficit of FXS is believed to be altered neuronal communication, in this thesis I examined white matter tract and dendritic spine abnormalities in the mouse model of FXS. Loss of FMRP does not alter the gross morphology of the white matter. However, recent brain imaging studies indicated that loss of FMRP could lead to some minute abnormalities in different major white matter tracts in the human brain. The gross white matter morphology and myelination was unaltered in the Fmr1−/y mice, however, a small but significant increase of axon diameter in the corpus callosum (CC) was found compared to wild-type (WT) controls. Our computation model suggested that the increase of axon diameter in the Fmr1−/y mice could lead to an increase of conduction velocity in these animals. One of the key phenotypes reported previously in the loss of FMRP is the increase of “immature” dendritic spines. The increase of long and thin spines was reported in several brain regions including the somatosensory cortex and visual cortex in both FXS patients and the mouse model of FXS. Although recent studies which employed state-of-the-art microscopy techniques suggested that only minute differences were noticed between the WT and Fmr1−/y mice. In agreement with previous findings, I found an increase of dendritic spine density in the visual cortex in the Fmr1−/y mice, and spine morphology was also different between the two genotypes. We found that the spine head diameter is significantly increased in the CA1 area of the apical dendrites of the Fmr1−/y mice compared to WT controls. Dendritic spine length is also significantly increased in the same region of the Fmr1−/y mice. However, apical spine head size does not alter between the two genotypes in the V1 region of the visual cortex, and spine length is significantly decreased in the Fmr1−/y mice compared to WT animals in this region. Lovastatin, a drug known as one of the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, functions as a modulator of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway through inhibiting Ras farnesylation, was used in an attempt to rescue the dendritic spine abnormalities in the Fmr1−/y mice. Mice lacking FMRP are susceptible to audiogenic seizure (AGS). Previous work has shown that 48 hr of lovastatin treatment reduced the incidence of AGS in the Fmr1−/y mice. However, chronic lovastatin treatment failed to rescue the spine density and morphology abnormalities in the Fmr1−/y mice. Mouse models are invaluable tools for modelling human diseases. However inter-strain differences have often confounded results between laboratories. In my final Chapter of this thesis, I compared two commonly used C57BL/6 substrains of mice by recording their electrophysiological responses to visual stimuli in vivo. I found a significant increase of high-frequency gamma power in adult C57BL/6JOla mice, and this phenomenon was reduced during the critical period. My results suggested that the C57BL/6JOla substrain has a significant stronger overall inhibitory network activity in the visual cortex than the C57BL/6J substrain. This is in good agreement with previous findings showing a lack of open-eye potentiation to monocular deprivation in the C57BL/6JOla substrain, and highlights the need for appropriate choice of mouse strain when studying neurodevelopmental models. They also give valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms that permit experience-dependent developmental plasticity. In summary, these findings give us a better understanding of the fine structure abnormalities of the Fmr1−/y mice, which in turn can benefit future discoveries of the underlying mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders such as ID and ASDs.
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Cruz, Simão Pedro Saimeiro. "Implementação de uma FMEA no caso de uma luminária." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/1789.
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Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialNo actual cenário empresarial, o aumento da competitividade sente-se de dia para dia, tornando a importância de todos os sistemas de gestão de qualidade e suas metodologias cada vez maior. Estes assumem um papel fundamental, possibilitando que os produtos proporcionem a satisfação dos seus clientes. Tendo em conta este facto, este trabalho foi realizado com principal incidência na prevenção de possíveis falhas e definição de possíveis acções de correcção, no início da fase de concepção de um produto: o Downligth. Para o referido efeito, foi realizado um estudo utilizando a técnica de Análise de Modos e Efeitos de Falha, também conhecida por FMEA. ABSTRACT: In the current business scenario, the competitiveness increases day-by-day, making the systems of quality management and its methodologies more important. These have a key role, that enabling their products to give satisfaction to their final customers. Given this fact, this work was made with the main focus on prevention of potential failures and definition of possible corrective action, in the moment that the product starts, the design phase. For that purpose, the study was conducted using the technique of Analysis of Modes and Effects of Failure, also known as FMEA.
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Miguéis, Bruno Manuel Couto. "Aplicação do FMEA a sistemas de construção de viadutos." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/3853.
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Mestrado em Engenharia CivilDada a complexidade da construção de tabuleiros de viadutos com recurso ao cimbre ao solo e à viga de lançamento e dos riscos associados a essas operações, procedeu-se ao desenvolvimento de matrizes de avaliação qualitativa de análise de riscos (FMEA – método de análise de falhas e efeitos) à qual se associaram escalas de graduação do grau de risco. Este trabalho incide principalmente na avaliação de riscos desses dois processos construtivos. Iniciou-se pela classificação dos vários tipos de pontes/viadutos e pela análise dos principais processos construtivos aplicados na sua construção. Efectuou-se a análise da sinistralidade no sector da construção e de um método qualitativo de avaliação de riscos, o método de análise de falhas e efeitos (FMEA). Para se obter uma graduação quantitativa do grau de risco aplicaram-se dois métodos de valoração, tendo-se estimado, para um deles, os valores a atribuir à probabilidade da ocorrência com base nos dados da sinistralidade laboral. Da avaliação de riscos efectuada, resultaram valores para os 4 graus de risco (risco muito elevado, risco elevado, risco moderado e risco baixo) cujas consequências são materializadas pela severidade que pode decorrer para o(s) trabalhador(es). Efectuou-se a avaliação de riscos referida na construção do viaduto da ligação ferroviária da linha do Norte ao Porto de Aveiro.
The completion of this work focuses mainly on the risks assessment of two constructive processes of viaducts/bridges: with falsework and launching girder. It was beginning with the classification of the various types of viaducts / bridges and with the analysis of major construction processes applied in its construction. It was studied a qualitative method of assessment of risks, the method of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), and the labour accidents figures. The evaluation of the risk degree took place through two different methods of valuation to permit the comparative analysis of the results. The results obtained to the degradation level led to four types of risks: very elevated, elevated, moderated and low. The severity of each one of these degrees is materialized through the consequences that can occur to the workers. The risks assessment was realized during the construction of the railway viaduct to the seaport of Aveiro.
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Veselý, Milan. "Použití metody FMEA pro prevenci chyb v průmyslovém podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230077.
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The subject of this thesis is using of FMEA method and risk assessment in the production process in Eurokov s.r.o. company. In the theoretical part are discussed the detail different types of FMEA and their applications. The practical part is focused on analyze the situation of poor quality for a specific product from Eurokov s.r.o. company. Data is used for application of FMEA form and to specification of precautionary measures for reduction poor quality in the production process.
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Souza, Ruy Victor Barbosa de. "Aplicação do método FMEA para priorização de ações de melhoria em fluxos de processos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18156/tde-15012013-103231/.
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Os diversos conceitos e técnicas de melhoria contínua de processos têm sido aplicados, nos dias de hoje, em indústrias de diversos setores e empresas prestadoras de serviços. Tanto em ambientes de manufatura quanto em ambientes administrativos, muitas empresas têm enxergado a oportunidade de aplicar técnicas de melhoria de processos e de qualidade, como as técnicas da Produção Enxuta e da Gestão da Qualidade. Entretanto, têm-se notado que algumas iniciativas de melhoria falham por não terem sido devidamente planejadas e priorizadas. Por isso, métodos que busquem melhorar a eficácia de iniciativas de melhoria, aumentando a taxa de sucesso das implantações, têm se tornado muito importantes. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de adaptação do método FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) para a análise de desperdícios abordados pela Produção Enxuta e definição de ações prioritárias para eliminação ou minimização de desperdícios baseado nos critérios de severidade, ocorrência e detecção. O uso da técnica proposta pode auxiliar a minimizar duas das grandes dificuldades no planejamento de implantação ou manutenção de Produção Enxuta, que são a identificação dos desperdícios e a definição de quais serão eliminados ou minimizados prioritariamente. A proposta foi desenvolvida a partir de um estudo de campo, analisando um fluxo de informação de processamento de pedidos em uma indústria, paralelamente ao desenvolvimento de um projeto de Produção Enxuta. A proposta inova também ao propor um índice de risco que prioriza ação sobre as causas que geram desperdícios mais severos. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a sistemática proposta pode contribuir para a melhoria da eficácia de programas de Produção Enxuta.The concepts and techniques for processes continuous improvement have been applied, nowadays, in industries of a lot of sectors and service provider companies. Both in manufacturing and office environments, a lot of companies have identified the opportunity of applying quality and process improvement techniques such as the ones of Lean Production and Quality Management. However, it has been noticed that some improvement initiatives fail because they are not correctly planned and prioritized. Therefore, methods that aim at increasing improvement initiatives effectiveness, by enhancing the implementation success rates, have become very important. This paper presents a proposal of use of the FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) to analyze wastes (to be tackle by Lean Production implementations) and define priorities of improvement actions aimed at minimization or elimination of these wastes based on the criteria of severity, occurrence and detection. The adoption of the proposed technique can aid to mitigate one of the major difficulties in implementing and maintaining Lean production programs, related to which wastes should be eliminate first. The proposal was developed in a field research, based on the analysis of a flow of information for order processing in parallel to the implementation of a Lean Production system. The good results suggest that the proposal can contribute to the effectiveness of Lean Production programs. The paper is finalized with suggestions of improvements of the proposal and possibilities for further applications.
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Srđan, Vulanović. "Razvoj opšteg modela za implementaciju integrisanog sistema menadžmenta na osnovu procene rizika u procesima organizacija." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2014. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=87798&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Osnovni cilj disertacije je kreiranje modela integrisanogsistema menadžmenta zasnovanog na proceni rizika aktivnostiunutar procesa organizacije. Doktorskom disertacijom jeuspostavljen model koji je, između ostalog, obuhvatio:• Procenu rizika za svaku identifikovanu opasnost uprocesima organizacije, sa aspekta standarda od interesa• Projektovanje dokumentacije integrisanog sistemamenadžmenta na osnovu visine procenjenih rizikaPoređenjem projektovane sa postojećom dokumentacijom, u trirealna preduzeća, zaključeno je da je obim i struktura dokumenataoptimizovana za uspešan menadžment rizicima, što snižavatroškove i omogućava efikasno upravljanje preduzećem.The main objective of the P.h. thesis is to create a model of anintegrated management system based on risk assessment of activitieswithin the processes of the organization. Doctoral dissertation hasestablished a model that, among other things, included :• Assessment of risk for each identified hazard in the processes of theorganization, in terms of standards of interest• Design of documentation for integrated management system based onthe level of estimated riskComparing projected from existing documentation , in the three realcompanies , it was concluded that the scope and structure ofdocuments is optimized for succesfull risk management, which lowerscosts and enables efficient management of the company.
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Puglieri, Fábio Neves. "Revisão e análise ambiental e operacional de métodos de ecodesign baseados em QFD e FMEA." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18156/tde-26112010-153613/.
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A partir da década de 1990, iniciou-se uma difusão de métodos e ferramentas direcionadas à adequação ambiental de produtos, cuja aplicação é realizada em determinadas fases do seu desenvolvimento. Porém muitos destes métodos publicados não integram questões ambientais importantes, como a perspectiva de ciclo de vida, resultando muitas vezes no desenvolvimento de produtos ineficientes do ponto de vista do ecodesign. Assim, este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar alguns destes métodos de modo que possam garantir o desenvolvimento de produtos ambientalmente mais adequados. Para isto foi realizada uma revisão sistemática sobre requisitos para métodos de ecodesign, o que permitiu identificar características que o ecodesign deve atender, tanto do ponto de vista ambiental quanto do operacional. Por meio destes requisitos foram propostos critérios utilizados na análise de 19 métodos de ecodesign baseados no FMEA e no QFD. Como resultado da análise, identificou-se que a grande maioria dos métodos analisados não estão de acordo com o que a literatura sugere.During 1990s decade began a scattering of methods and tools aimed at the environmental suitability of products whose application is performed at certain stages of development. However, many of these published methods do not incorporate important environmental issues, the prospect of life cycle, often resulting in inefficient product development from the standpoint of ecodesign. This study aims to examine some of these methods to ensure the development of more environmentally suitable products. So it was carried out a systematic review of ecodesign requirements for methods, which allowed us to identify characteristics that these methods must meet from the environmental point of view and application. Through these requirements have been proposed criteria used in the analysis of 19 ecodesign methods based on FMEA and QFD. As a result of this analysis, it was identified that most part of the methods reviewed are not in agreement with literature suggestions.
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PALMEIRA, Juliana Nobrega Barbosa. "Aplicação das metodologias FMEA-FUZZY para a gestão de riscos na cadeia de suprimentos em empresas do APL de confecções do agreste pernambucano." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18729.
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A Cadeia de Suprimentos é uma forma organizacional eficaz que se constitui como componente-chave da competitividade e da efetividade organizacional. Porém, há a probabilidade de as empresas não atingirem o desempenho esperado, com Cadeias de Suprimentos cada vez mais complexas, principalmente devido aos riscos de falhas nas diversas etapas executadas. Nesse sentido, o gerenciamento de riscos na Cadeia de Suprimentos se torna essencial, para que se possam definir as estratégias corretas, buscando diminuir a força desses riscos para que não afetem a continuidade dos negócios. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar qual é o comportamento de vinte e seis empresas que fazem parte do Arranjo Produtivo Local – APL de Pernambuco diante dos riscos das Cadeias de Suprimentos nas quais elas estão inseridas, com base em entrevistas e aplicações de questionários. Esta pesquisa fez uso da metodologia Failure Mode and Effects Analysis - FMEA associada à lógica Fuzzy para realização de um estudo de caso, priorizando ações de melhoria. Utilizando a FMEA, foi possível caracterizar os modos de falha em ordem de severidade, ocorrência e detecção. Já com a utilização da lógica Fuzzy foi possível reduzir as fragilidades ajudando na tomada de decisão caracterizada por informações e julgamentos imprecisos, o que contribuiu de forma satisfatória para o gerenciamento dos riscos. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que, no geral, há ausência de práticas de gerenciamento de riscos nas empresas, porém, com as propostas e ações de melhorias, foi possível identificar ajustes aos processos e avaliar a eficácia das soluções propostas, prevenindo os riscos e aplicando ações preventivas ou corretivas para diminuir ou até mesmo eliminar os efeitos de falhas sobre os processos.
The supply chain management is an effective organizational form that constitutes as a keycomponent of the competitiveness and organizational effectiveness. However, there is the probability that the enterprises do not have the expected performance, with increasingly complex supply chains, mainly due to the failure risks in the various steps performed. In this way, the risk management in the Supply Chain becomes essential for them to be able to define the correct strategies seeking to minimize the risks so the business continuity is not affected. This paper aims to evaluate what is the behavior of the twenty-six enterprises in Local Productive Arrangement (LPA) from Pernambuco in Brazil regarding to the Supply Chain Management risks in which they are inserted, based on interviews and questionnaires applications. This research used the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis - FMEA methodology associated with the fuzzy logic to perform a case study, prioritizing improvement actions. By using FMEA it was possible to characterize the failure modes in severity, occurrence and detection sequence and by using the fuzzy logic it was possible to reduce the fragilities, contributing to the decision making characterized by information and non-precise judgments, which contributed satisfactorily for the risk management. The research results have shown that there is absence of risk management practices in the enterprises. However, with the proposals and improvement actions, it was possible to identify adjustments to the processes and evaluate the efficacy of the proposed solutions, preventing the risks and applying preventive or corrective actions to diminish or even eliminate the failure effects over the processes.
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Klint, Emilia. "Riskanalys vid produktutveckling : Ett kvalitetsarbete med processtyrning." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-14047.
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Detta examensarbete har utförts på uppdrag av företaget Stegia AB, som vid examenarbetets uppstart behövde hjälp med kvalitetssäkringen av deras projektprocess. Det som först och främst saknades var en dokumenterad riskanalys. Valet gjordes att införa en riskanalys i form av en FMEA som skulle passa till Stegias projekt som ofta skiljer från varandra i storlek och omfattning. FMEAn har utvecklats med hänsyn till den version av Stegias projektmodell, APQP, som användes vid examenarbetets uppstart och är uppbyggd med denna som grund. FMEAn är också utvecklad för att vara så flexibel som möjligt och därför gå att anpassa till flera olikatyper av riskanalyser inom olika branscher. Arbetet har genomförts som en produktutvecklingsprocess och det har varit flera produktutvecklingsverktyg inblandade i processen. Detta dels för att skapa en förståelse för produkten som skulle utvecklas men även för att visa på att studenten lärt sig dessa och behärskar dem tack vare sin utbildning. Resultatet av arbetet är flera dokument som är framtagna för att komplettera och förbättra Stegias projektprocess. Det specifika resultatet som efterfrågades av studenten under examensarbetet resulterade i ett mall-dokument i Excel bestående av två flikar, en med FMEA och en med ett hjälpavsnitt. Förbättringsarbetet med Stegias projektprocess är tänkt att fortsätta efter examenarbetets slut, då de framtagna dokumenten ska testas på flera olika projekt. Syftet och målet med examensarbetet anses ha uppnåtts och vidare utveckling av produkten är möjlig.
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Dittmann, Lars Uwe. "Ontologiebasierte Fehlermöglichkeits- und Einflussanalyse : OntoFMEA /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016069917&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Keidel, Eva-Maria. "Funktionelle Charakterisierung von FMRP, dem Krankheitsgenprodukt des Fragilen X-Syndroms." Diss., lmu, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-33849.
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Wijetunge, Lasani Sulochana. "Role of mGluR5 and FMRP in mouse primary somatosensory cortex." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3886.
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The accurate development of the wiring between the billions of neurons in our brain is fundamental to brain function. Development of this connectivity relies on activity-dependent modification of synapses similar to those that underlie learning and memory. Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain and several brain disorders result from altered glutamatergic receptor signalling (Catania et al., 2007; Lau and Zukin, 2007). Genes encoding glutamate receptor associated proteins have a high incidence of mutation in cognitive disorders, especially X-linked mental retardation (MR)(Laumonnier et al., 2007). MR has long been associated with altered cortical connectivity, particularly dendritic spine dysgenesis. There is also an emerging view that aberrant local protein synthesis within dendrites and protein trafficking to dendrites underlies some forms of MR (Kelleher and Bear, 2008; Pfeiffer and Huber, 2006; Zalfa and Bagni, 2005). Most studies examining the role of glutamatergic receptors in MR have focused on adults. Little is known about how these MR genes regulate brain development despite their neurodevelopmental aetiology. Fragile X mental retardation (FXS) is the most common form of inherited MR and results from the loss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FMRP is a RNA binding protein and is hypothesised to have a role in protein trafficking from nucleus to sites of synapses, and regulating local protein synthesis at sites of synapses (Bagni and Greenough, 2005). A prevalent theory of FXS causation is ‘metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) theory of fragile X’, which postulates that all functional consequences of mGluR (predominantly mGluR5)-dependent protein synthesis maybe exaggerated in FXS (Bear et al., 2004). Primary somatosensory cortex (S1) of rodents provides an excellent model system to study the role of MR genes in development because of its stereotypic, glutamate receptor-dependent, anatomical development (Barnett et al., 2006b; Erzurumlu and Kind, 2001). Hannan et al., (2001) reported that genetic deletion of mGluR5 results in loss of ‘barrels’, the anatomical correlates of rodent whiskers in S1. Chapter 3 extends these findings to show that there is expression of mGluR5 as early as P4 in S1 prior to segregation of layer 4 cells into barrels suggesting a tropic role for glutamate in barrel formation. The expression of mGluR5 is postsynaptic during barrel formation and does not regulate tangential or radial cortical development. Its effects on barrel segregation are dose dependent and are not due to a developmental delay. During late S1 development, loss of mGluR5 results in decreased spine density suggesting a role in synaptogenesis. Supporting this hypothesis in mGluR5 mutant mice there is a general decrease in expression of synaptic markers in early S1 development. Chapter 4 explores the role of FMRP in cortical development. FMRP is expressed early in S1 development with peak expression prior to synaptogenesis at P14. It is expressed postsynaptically at P7 and pre and postsynaptically at P14. FMRP does not regulate cortical arealisation during barrel formation but results in decreased barrel segregation. In the absence of FMRP, biochemical studies show altered expression of glutamatergic receptors in the neocortex P7 and P14 suggesting altered glutamatergic receptor composition at synaptic sites. During late S1 development, loss of FMRP results in increased spine density in layer 4 spiny cells. Together these data indicate a role for FMRP during early and late S1 development. Chapter 5 directly tests the mGluR theory of FXS by examining whether genetic reduction of mGluR5 levels rescues anatomical phenotypes characterised in Fmr1-/y mice. The defect in barrel formation in Fmr1-/y mice is partially rescued by reducing mGluR5 levels. However, layer 4 spine density in Fmr1-/y mice does not appear to be rescued. Chapter 6 explores the expression patterns of three key synaptic MAGUKs (Membrane associated guanylate kinases) PSD95, SAP102 and PSD93, one of which (PSD95) is regulated by FMRP (Zalfa et al., 2007) and the others which have putative binding sites for FMRP. MAGUKs tether glutamatergic receptors to their associated signalling complexes at the postsynaptic membrane and also regulate glutamatergic receptor trafficking (Collins and Grant, 2007; Kim and Sheng, 2004). The immunohistochemical expression profiles of PSD95, SAP102 and PSD93 show dynamic regulation during S1 development that is unaffected by loss of FMRP (at P7), and biochemical data indicates that basal levels of these MAGUKs in neocortex are unaltered at P7 and P14 in Fmr1-/y mice. In Sap102-/y and Psd95-/- mice, there is altered expression of several synaptic proteins biochemically providing evidence for differential roles of SAP102 and PSD95 in regulating expression of glutamatergic receptors at synaptic sites during early S1 development. This thesis demonstrates that synaptic proteins associated with MR are expressed early in development and display regulatory roles in cellular processes governing S1 formation. An understanding of their role in early brain development would be critical in fully appreciating when and where they exert their regulatory effects, and this in turn would be beneficial in designing therapeutic interventions.
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Shebl, Nada Atef. "Promoting patient safety using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517951.
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Hidalgo, Erick Miguel Portugal. "Modelo para diagnose de falhas em regulador de velocidade de turbinas hidráulicas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-20102010-162737/.
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O regulador de velocidade tem a função principal de atuar no sentido de aumentar ou diminuir a potência gerada pela turbina quando a velocidade ou freqüência se afasta do valor de referência. Em função da demanda do sistema, o sistema regulador da turbina atua sobre a posição das pás do distribuidor controlando a abertura e conseqüentemente a vazão que chega ao rotor, gerando apenas a energia elétrica necessária para o consumo. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um método para diagnosticar falhas em reguladores de velocidade de turbinas hidráulicas. Baseando-se nas ferramentas de confiabilidade selecionou-se os componentes críticos do sistema para elaborar políticas de manutenção que visam obter maior disponibilidade do sistema. Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia com as seqüências das atividades que permitem fazer uma análise detalhada e confiável, pois são utilizadas numa ordem lógica e organizada, de forma que o método seja desenvolvido corretamente. A metodologia proposta utiliza as ferramentas de análise de confiabilidade como: Análise de Modos e Efeitos de Falha (FMEA) e Análise de Árvore de Falhas (FTA). O FMEA parte da definição das funções dos sistemas e subsistemas analisados, verificando em seguida as falhas que afetam cada função e todos os modos de falha que levam a cada falha. O FTA é basicamente um método dedutivo que visa identificar as causas ou combinações de causas que possam levar ao evento topo definido.The speed governing system has the primary function of acting to increase or decrease the power generated by the turbine when the speed or frequency deviation from reference value. According to the system demand, the speed governing system turbine operates on the position of the blades of the distributor controlling the opening and therefore the flow that reaches the rotor, generating only the power required for consumption. This work aims at to develop a method to diagnose faults in speed governing system of hydraulic turbines. The tools of reliability selected critical components of the system to develop policies aimed at keeping achieve greater system availability. This work presents a methodology with a sequence of activities allowing one to make a detailed and reliable analysis, because they are used in a logical order and organized so that the model is developed properly. The proposed methodology uses tools such as reliability analysis: Analysis of Failure Modes and Effects (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). The FMEA part of the definition of the functions of systems and subsystems analyzed, then verifying that the flaws affect every function and all modes of failure that led to each failure. The FTA is basically a deductive method that aims at identifying the causes of combinations of causes that could lead to top event defined.
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Aguiar, Dimas Campos de [UNESP]. "Modelo conceitual para a aplicação de FMEA de processo na indústria automotiva." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138936.
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Nos últimos anos tem sido possível notar um considerável crescimento no número de empresas e pessoas que aplicam o método de Análise de Modos de Falha e Efeitos, ou FMEA, em análises de processos. Porém, em sua execução há situações de incerteza, com a possibilidade de se promover diferentes tipos de informação, gerando dúvidas se as avaliações estão realmente completas. Este estudo tem como objetivo definir um modelo conceitual para a aplicação FMEA de Processo reduzindo as variações nas interpretações, pontuações e critérios para as decisões. A partir de uma fundamentação teórica, é identificada uma estrutura para construção de FMEA onde as atividades de desenvolvimento são classificadas como qualitativas, quantitativas e corretivas, de acordo com o tipo de análise das avaliações. Um estudo específico é desenvolvido para cada categoria de avaliação, sendo um estudo de caso com a aplicação de FMEA associada aos conceitos de abordagem por processo, referente às análises qualitativas; um levantamento bibliográfico sobre critérios para pontuação em FMEA, referente às análises quantitativas; e um levantamento sobre as regras utilizadas para a recomendação de ações em FMEA de Processo, referente às análises corretivas. Como resultado tem-se uma proposta focada na eliminação de irregularidades na aplicação do FMEA, preenchendo uma lacuna existente entre a teoria e a prática.
In recent years it has been possible to note a considerable growth in the number of companies and people who use the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, or FMEA, in process analysis. However, in its execution there are uncertainty situations, making possible to promote different types of information, raising questions whether the assessments are really complete. This study aims to define a conceptual model for Process FMEA application, reducing variations in interpretations, scoring and decisions criteria. From a theoretical framework, a structure for FMEA construction is identified, where those development activities are classified as qualitative, quantitative and corrective, according to the type of analysis of the evaluations. A specific study is developed for each category of evaluation. A case study in FMEA application associated with the concepts of process approach is done regarding qualitative analysis; a literature review on scoring FMEA criteria is done regarding quantitative analysis; and a survey on the rules used for recommending actions in Process FMEA is done regarding corrective analysis. As output, a proposal focused on the elimination of irregularities in the implementation of FMEA is done, filling a gap between theory and practice.
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Abekhoukh-Achiou, Sabiha. "Étude de la fonction de FMRP par l'analyse de ses interacteurs." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4029.
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Le Syndrome de l'X fragile (FXS) est la forme la plus fréquente de retard mental héréditaire. Il est causé par l’inactivation du gène FMR1 codant une RNA Binding Protein (FMRP) impliquée dans le contrôle de la traduction. Afin de mieux comprendre la fonction de FMRP, nous nous somme intéressé à ses interacteurs et mon travail s’est organisé en deux parties: la caractérisation de l'interaction FMRP/ARNm GRK4 et la caractérisation de la fonction neuronale de CYFIP1/2, deux protéines interacteurs de FMRP. Nous avons confirmé l'interaction FMRP/ARNm GRK4 et identifié une portion contenant deux motifs ACUK / WGGA, connu pour être de nouvelles cibles pour FMRP. FMRP se lie à GRK4 via son domaine RGG-box et régule négativement sa traduction. Dans les cellules granulaires du cervelet, GRK4 se lie au récepteur GABABR(GBR), induisant sa désensibilisation. Sachant l’importance de la signalisation GBR du cervelet dans la coordination motrice, un niveau élevé de GRK4 peut contribuer au déficit de l'apprentissage moteur et la coordination des mouvements dans FXS. Nous avons également caractérisé la fonction neuronale de CYFIP1/2 en induisant leur knockdown (KD). Ces protéines appartiennent au complexe WAVE (WRC) qui est impliqué dans la régulation de l’établissement de la polarité axonale et dendritique. Nous avons identifié un mécanisme de co-régulation de la transcription des ARNm codant les membres du WRC lors de l’altération de l'expression de CYFIP1/2. Le KD CYFIP1/2 modifie également neuronale ramification et connectivités. L'interaction de FMRP/CYFIP1/2 permettrait de comprendre les mécanismes impliqués dans le développement des anomalies des épines dendritiques dans FXSFragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited mental retardation. It is caused by the silencing of the FMR1 gene, which encodes for an RNA-binding protein (FMRP) involved in translational control. To better understand the function of FMRP, we are interested in its interactors and so my work was organized into two main parts: the characterization of the interaction between FMRP and GRK4 mRNA and the characterization of the neuronal function of CYFIP1/2, two FMRP interacting proteins. We confirmed in vivo and in vitro the FMRP/ GRK4 mRNA interaction and identified a portion containing two ACUK/WGGA motifs, known to be a novel targets for FMRP. FMRP binds this target via its RGG box domain and negatively modulates the expression of GRK4 at the translational level only in cerebellum. In cerebellar granule cells, GRK4 interacts directly with the GABAB receptor (GBR), promoting its desensitization. Since in cerebellum GBR signaling has a relevant role in motor coordination, an elevated level of GRK4 can contribute to deficits of motor learning and movement coordination in FXS. Next, we characterized the function of CYFIP1/2 in neurons by inducing their knockdown (KD). CYFIP1/2 are components of the canonical WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), important in the spatiotemporal regulation of actin dynamics to get correct axonal and dendrites polarity and branching. We identified a co-regulation of transcription of mRNA coding the WRC members when the expression of CYFIP1/2 is disturbed. KD CYFIP1/2 also alters neuronal branching. The FMRP/CYFIP1/2 interaction would allow us to understand the mechanisms involved in the development of dendritic spines abnormalities in FXS
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Santos, Carlos Daniel Paiva dos. "Proposta de implementação de uma FMEA no forno de vapor TEKA." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/1585.
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Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialCom o passar dos anos e com o aumento da competitividade empresarial, as organizações evoluíram para sistemas cada vez mais complexos. Nestes sistemas, a gestão e controlo da qualidade e respectivas metodologias e processos têm se tornado cada vez mais elaborados, rigorosos e eficazes, na busca incessante da obtenção de um produto tão perfeito quanto possível, e assim atingir a fidelização do maior número de clientes possível de acordo com o segmento de mercado em que se insere. Esta dissertação visa e tenta fazer perceber a problemática das não conformidades existentes em produtos e processos, e demonstrar como é cada vez mais decisivo para o sucesso de uma empresa, ter uma atitude empreendedora e determinada na obtenção do estatuto de qualidade total. Neste contexto, a ideia chave desta dissertação é focar o controlo de qualidade na prevenção de falhas, e na definição de acções preventivas para as eliminar antes de terem lugar. Neste particular, o destaque vai para a Análise de modos e efeitos de falha (FMEA). ABSTRACT: Over the years and with increasing business competitiveness, the organizations developed systems for increasingly complex. In these systems, management and quality control and their methodologies and processes have become more and more elaborate, accurate and effective, in a incessant search of obtaining a product as perfect as possible in accordance with the market segment in which falls. This thesis aims and try to understand the problem of non-compliance with existing products and processes, and demonstrate how it is increasingly crucial to the success of a company have an entrepreneurial attitude to obtain a total quality level. In this context, the thrust of this dissertation is the focus of quality control in the prevention of failures, and definition of preventive and corrective actions to eliminate before they place. In this particular, the emphasis goes to the failure mode analysis and its effects (FMEA).
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Burman, Jonatan, and Fredrik Jonsson. "Framtagning av PPAP dokumentation för fordonsindustrin." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, TEK, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12039.
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Detta examensarbete är en del i högskoleingenjörsutbildningen vid linneuniversitetet i Växjö. Arbetet är utfört på Ackurat Industriplast AB i Lammhult. Syftet med arbetet är att ta fram samt utveckla fyra av kravelementen i Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) dokumentationen. Kravelementen vilka ingår inom ramen för detta arbete är flödesschema, process FMEA, styrplan samt kontrollinstruktioner. Ackurat har kunder inom fordonsindustrin, dessa kunder ställer höga krav på kvalitén hos produkterna från sina leverantörer. Denna kvalitetssäkring sker dels genom att leverantören skall följa krav ur ISO/ TS 16949 standarden där PPAP är en del av kvalitetssäkringen. Detta innebär att för varje nytt uppdrag så skall PPAP dokumentation bifogas tillsammans med ett utfallsprov. Ackurat upplever att den dokumentation som finns i dagsläget är bristfällig och i behov av uppdatering. Resultatet är utarbetat genom kartläggningsmetoden ” walk through” där en fallstudie av processer har använts . Informationen om processerna har insamlats genom observationer och intervjuer med personal i processerna. Denna empiristiska information om Ackurats processer har sedan analyserats samt sammanställts med litteraturstudien i teoridelen. Examensarbetet resulterade i fem olika flödesscheman för att illustrera det verkliga flödet i Ackurats processer. Process FMEA utarbetades och åskådliggör felmöjligheter i processflödet. Genom kartläggningsarbetet sammanställdes en styrplan där alla kontroller i processerna ingår. Slutligen utarbetades kontrollinstruktioner för de kontroller som sammanställts i styrplanen. Arbetet med kartläggningsarbetet av flödesschemat var en viktig del av genomförandet. Detta berodde på att följande dokument är uppbyggda från det aktuella flödesschemat. Stort fokus har således lagts i utvecklandet samt valideringen av de olika flödesschemana. Vid analys av dessa dokument kom författarna fram till att utformade dokument uppfyller syftet samt målen för arbetet. Denna slutsats framgick genom validering med berörd personal på Ackurat samt handledare. Likaväl som att framtagna dokument kan användas i PPAP dokumentation till Ackurats kunder så kan dokumenten användas till det interna förbättringsarbetet i företagets processer.
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Olsson, Anders. "Konstruktion av livsmedelsdoserare : forskningsprojektet "Framtidens livsmedelsfabrik"." Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-839.
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Zhang, Chi. "Loyalty, Filial Piety, and Multiple “Chinas” in the Japanese Cultural Imagination, 12th – 16th Centuries." Thesis, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-fmek-3c92.
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This project explores Japan’s complex literary and cultural negotiation with China from the twelfth through the sixteenth centuries, focusing on the role of intermediary texts (dictionaries, encyclopedias, and commentaries) and the different modes of receiving and constructing Chinese culture depending on historical periods and scholarly lineages. As the larger process by which Chinese history and literature became part of the Japanese literary culture has long been studied on the assumption that there is direct textual continuity between Japanese texts (in literary Sinitic) and Chinese continental texts, the tracking down of citations, allusion, and references to Chinese source texts has commanded great scholarly attention. Yet this assumption obscures other, equally important histories – such as a popular understanding of Chinese culture, or a conceptual perception of Chinese culture, that was NOT based on direct textual continuity – that lies at the heart of this project.
The introduction outlines three modes of receiving and constructing Chinese literary culture in pre-modern japan. One was the text-based, canonical view of Chinese history and literature, which relied almost exclusively on texts and genres that were canonized in the Nara and Heian periods state university (daigakuryō) – Confucian classics, Chinese official dynastic histories, and Chinese poetry. In contrast with it was a more popular, name-based understanding of Chinese culture that emerged from various intermediary genres (such as anecdotal literature, dictionaries, encyclopedias, and commentaries) both in China and in Japan. This mode of reception and construction was not based on texts so much as on what I call “cultural signs” (particularly Chinese names, well-known anecdotes, and visual cues) and required no knowledge of the original literary Sinitic. Third was a conceptual, term-based perception, manifested in such concepts as “loyalty” and “filial piety.” Written in the same kanji characters, these terms served as common threads linking Chinese and Japanese literary writings on the one hand, but also took on new meanings and associations in the Japanese cultural imagination.
Chapter 1 outlines the importation of Chinese books and manuscripts in relation to the center of scholarship and the main intellectual groups up until the twelfth century. Drawing on evidence from commentaries on the Wakan rōeishū (The Collection of Japanese and Chinese Poems for Recitation, 1013) and from The Tales of China (Kara monogatari, late Heian period) on the themes of exile and loyalty, I discuss the rising interests in referencing anecdotal literature and compiling intermediaries (dictionaries, encyclopedias, and commentaries) in the twelfth century that eventually contributed to the formation of a more popular, name-based understanding of Chinese history and literature.
Chapter 2 investigates the Japanese medieval interpretations of Chinese official histories (“Chūsei Shiki”), which features a tension and negotiation between the canonical and the non-canonical texts and gravitates towards recurring themes, character types, and core values. In particular, I look into the themes of wisdom, virtue, loyalty, and filial piety in A Miscellany of Ten Maxims (Jikkinshō, 1252) and The Tales of the Heike (Heike monogatari, ca. 1308-1311), which were largely constructed from a relatively more classical, Tang-based perspective, in despite of the fact that Chinese Song dynasty culture had already been imported to Japan along with the introduction of Chinese Chan (J. Zen) Buddhism in the thirteenth through fourteenth centuries.
In Chapter 3, I examine the Taiheiki (A Chronicle of Great Peace, 1340s-1371), a unique text that acts as a nexus for many themes of this project. Analyzing the use of Chinese tales, maxims and proverbs, and poetry in relation to the themes of loyalty, wisdom, righteousness, and filial piety, I show that, unlike The Tales of the Heike, the Taiheiki revealed a thriving concern with the Song culture, which involved new editions, new commentaries, and new poetic theory. I also show that a conceptual, term-based perception of Chinese culture was taking shape.
Chapter 4 explores the suddenly intensified scholarly exchange among different intellectual groups – the Zen monks, the Shintō priests, warriors, and court aristocrats – in the fifteenth through sixteenth centuries. Tracing the threads of new books and new theories in Kiyohara Nobukata’s lecture notes on the Mōgyū (Inquiry of the Youth), The Twenty-Four Filial Exemplars, and the picture scroll (emaki) of the Xianyang Palace, I discuss the expansion of knowledge and audience from priests and aristocrats to influential military families and wealthy commoners in late medieval Japan, the formation of new imaginations regarding Chinese history and literature, and the final transition from a pro-Tang prospective to a Song-centered understanding of China.
In conclusion, I argue for the literary and cultural reception and construction of Chinese culture as not only a large and complex source text, in a long history of Sino-Japanese intertextuality, but as a complex cultural construction that was packaged and modified, sometimes for easy consumption, to reinforce key values (such as loyalty and filial piety), and that was readily identified even by those with limited access to literary Sinitic. By illustrating the processes by which Chinese history and literature were largely filtered through and transmitted by intermediaries into medieval Japanese literary culture, this project provides a new history of the reception of Chinese culture in the Japanese literary imagination.
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Tai, Sino, and 戴志忠. "FMEA on Green Supply Chain." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40532789179563943100.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
商務經營研究所
93
An enterprise facing Non-Tariff Barriers need to manage risks which were caused by international regulations in order to avoid risk.. Both Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) and Potential Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) are used as tools to solve problems. This study aims to explore a case of the domestic mechanical component industry in the advance stage to introduce the green supply chain.. Through partaking in the operation process with Failure Model and Effect Analysis (FMEA) technique practically, it will produce the risk management mechanism, operation mode and executive strategies. The outcome can be the reference for the domestic mechanical component industy. The main conclusions of the research are: 1. The FMEA is effective to use the program of green supply chain in the initial phase. 2. Common sharing risk by insurance is an effective and fair risk distribution and management mechanism. The insurance mechanismwill be a necessary part when the GSCM mode is established. It will provide a perfect way to deal with the problems of back and punish. 3.It is necessary and sufficient to establish the common platform of information interchange so that the transmission cost of the GSCM information will be decreased and the effect of information by using the internet resources that will be improved to enhance the supply chain system’s competitiveness.
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張維寬. "Assessment of Decision using FMEA." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00116574915564283169.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
科技管理研究所
90
Abstract The purpose of the study aims to identify some of the deficiencies behind a decision-making analysis proposal for uncovering some of the potential problems associated with certain business activities using the FMEA method with which to derive at preventive measures or locate feasible alternative proposal. While conventional performance assessment measures facts occurred in businesses, yet in a fast changing environment, not only it is essential that businesses need a long-term planning that helps to attain short-term goal but more importantly how best to create a business’ future value. In light of which, the drafting of business strategic objectives and how best to focus resources and energy on such predefined strategic objectives, particularly whether an implementing pan being assessed can bring maximum yield to a business, remain a focal point that most concerns the survival of a business entity. Prior to inducting decision making, the ability for a business management to map out feasible implementing obstacles and a preventive strategy by rationally arranging a priority of sequence in business management can infinitely help improve the quality of such decision-making processes. In the initial planning phase, the FMEA analysis can ensure the dependability of such a decision-making process, and allow a host of proposals to meet a business’s prescribed strategic objectives. Most importantly the induction of FMEA can also help locate the weak links in the overall management, or measures that offer lesser feasibility, together with improvement strategic proposal, to help conserve depleting business resources and enhance business competitiveness at the same time.
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羅應浮. "The FMEA of Project Management." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17455915145399108663.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
工業工程與管理研究所
88
Abstract Due to the facts that technologies are developed rapidly and the environments that organization face vary significantly﹐the traditional functional organization can not provide effective management to achieve predefined objectives in this e-age. Conventional organization stresses vertical relationships, as a result﹐the horizontal communication and coordination between divisions are time-consuming, additionally, the unavoidable departmentalism disables an organization from being adaptive to the twinkling of the environment, especially, when interaction and coordination of divisions are highly required. The project organization is therefore needed to integrate various resources and bridge the division gap to achieve the organization goals. FMEA is a preventive reliability technique which emphasize Discovering possible causes before finalization of finalization of product design and manufacturing. By using reliability block diagram, the effects of the subsystem failure on the system can be revealed to eliminate or minimize the possibility of real occurrence. The control measure can then be deployed to improve the product reliability. Common techniques of FMEA include risk priority number, criticality score, risk level, criticality analysis and matrix method. This study applies the FMEA technique to the project management of Construction and product research and development. The FMEA evaluates and prioritizes the possible failure causes of project tasks Obtained by using the work breakdown structure method ,the completion of the entire project can be assured by taking preventive measures Accordingly. Key words:project management,FMEA.
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KADLECOVÁ, Jana. "Využití metody FMEA u vybraného podniku." Master's thesis, 2005. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-43556.
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Hsu, Shen-pao, and 許盛堡. "A QFD and FMEA Integrated Model." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65061385300446532655.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元智大學
工業工程與管理學系
90
A QFD and FMEA Integrated Model Student：Shen-Pao Hsu Advisors：Dr. Chieh-Yuan Tsai Department of Industrial Engineering & Management Yuan-Ze University Abstract In today’s highly competitive marketplace, the enterprise must satisfy all customers’ need in various products. To satisfy various customers’ need, producing high quality products by lower cost is the challenge that current enterprise needs to face. Therefore, Concurrent Engineering (CE) are getting more concern to achieve the goal. In CE, the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is often used and discussed. QFD is based on the customer’s need, and transfer the need to the product functions through a serious of matrix operation. However, it is found that QFD can’t efficiently find out the inner problem caused by the production process or feedback from the marketing. For overcoming the problem of QFD, this research is to develop a integrate system, thus, the failure information of products can be feed backed to the developing structure of QFD directly and efficiently, so that corrections can be made in the beginning of the product design. In this research, we establish a CE product developing system that integrates QFD and failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA). FMEA is used to generate the Risk Priority Number (RPN) from product’s failure and effect chart. The RPN can be affected by some managerial parameters such as P value and k value. After getting the RPN, we would get FMEA weight value (Fi) and it would be feedback to QFD directly. In the study of Bike disc brake case, the integrated model of our research can feedback the failure information of products corrected efficiently during design stage. Keyword: Concurrent engineering (CE); Quality function deployment (QFD); Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA).
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Hung, Chen Tao, and 陳道宏. "FMEA system built for PCBA Testing." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84383783950318039954.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元智大學
工業工程與管理學系
92
The main study Printed Circuit Board Assembly (PCBA) in this text carries the process improvement and FMEA systems establishment of testing the development in the factory。This system will regard Design FMEA and Process FMEA as to configure，emphasizing the man-machine interface of the easy operation and quickly the data establishes and searches，changing everybody for long time to FMEA at establish the data and data maintenance not easy of bad impression。Use the FMEA method，analyze the test equipment how to reach the high test coverage rate completely should notice the item that have, improve to have no the processing method of the logical arrangement in the past。 The test equipment is necessary absolutely for PCBA manufacturing process。How to use the most efficient，cover the test with the highest rate method to reach to the product work the examination on the quality，is the target of all test engineer''s effort。Under the premise of the concurrent engineering，considers the process that whole test development and abnormal equipments handling is what have the demand。To use FMEA system for PCBA testing will make whole process become more efficient。
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YANG, HUNG-HSIN, and 楊宏信. "Applying FMEA in Pipe Manufacturing Process." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66434622010853872610.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
工業工程與管理系
104
This research is using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis(FMEA) method, take the the manufacture process of iron and steel plant for example. To analyze the failure point of manufacture process, follow up the key point and focus on the potential risk to propose the solution and improvement. Furthermore, which can not only increase the stability and efficiency of manufacture procedure but also decrease the abnormal loss. Due to research result, the case study shows that by applying the FMEA method which focus on the key manufacture process and propose the improvement solution, can prevent the damage from failure and using Risk Priority Number(RPN) to bring down the range. It can prevent failure happen again and through the FMEA management process, and enhance the group communication and cooperation to form up the experience database for the future.
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chen, Jun-jie, and 陳俊傑. "FMEA on the Election Affairs of ROC." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55188153211627396065.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
工業工程與管理學系碩士班
93
Since 1950 (the 39th year of the Republic of China), the local election toward democratic politics has been formally been implemented in Taiwan. Over the last few years, especially in Presidential election 2004, election reforming has become the main subject of debate. The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) obtained more ballots than the Kuomintang (KMT) and President Chen was reappointed in the presidential election 2004. However, the difference ballot between DPP and KMT was only less than 30000, which caused the issues of unfair and unjust election arisen. The above conditions had caused invalid presidential election, an election invalid and ballots recount. The main factors of this unfair election are generalized as below: The presenting voter name in the list and the referendum voter name in the list were exchanged and misapplied; The voter seal didn’t match to the voter name in the list; The voting of non-physical and psychological obstacle elector had been substituted by the teenager relative; Valid ballots and invalid ballots had not been determined according to the rule; The report forms of voting result filled out wrongly; After completed counting, ballots had not been sealed, poorly keeping management, and other mistakes; There were too many of the invalid ballots in the presidential election which had affected what people think about election affairs staff. Moreover, they started to doubt the fairness of election affairs staff. This research employed FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) technique which can explain following points: 1. To analyze each potential failure mode and degree of influence in the process of election affairs. 2. To find cause and occurrence in each potential failure mode. 3. To find out method of possible failure mode and its detection. 4. To avoid the failure mode of election affairs or to reduce its occurrence. 5. To reduce the level influence of failure mode. 6. To improve the investigating ability of systematic structure. 7. To enhance the reliability, security, and avoiding unnecessary risk cost of the election affairs By using this method, the fault of election affairs can be transformed into risk analysis and the previous mistakes of election affairs can be improved. Thus, the process of election affairs can be standardized to prevent mistakes, to reduce the dispute of election affairs which might be arisen, to reduce social cost, and to improve the fairness of election affairs bureau. This research will also provide the analysis of election affairs platform and the tool of quantization rules in order to avoid any unnecessary risk of election affairs.
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Chen, Joseph, and 陳文健. "Applying FMEA in Improving the SMT Process." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17969974521727634170.
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碩士大葉大學
工業工程與科技管理學系碩士在職專班
95
The aim of this research is to change impression on uneasiness of data building and data maintain on Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis system in Electronics Manufacturing Services Failure Mode and Effects Analysis system. So, this research will analyze the problem on manufacturing process by systematical software Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in order to solve the problem efficiently. The way of matrix of serious analysis of systematical software is a system to decide priority of problem solution and add End Effect module for its aim. Fault Tree Analysis is adopted in systematical software that can present all potential FMEA systematically and be figured out the improvement easily for the person concerned. So the manufacture problem can be solved one by one in manufacturing period.
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Chang, chia-ming, and 張家銘. "Improvement of Product External Appearance Using FMEA." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06971748572172762777.
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碩士育達科技大學
資訊管理所
102
With continuous innovation of electronic products, the demand on memory card increases, and consumers also have a higher demand for the quality of the memory cared. Besides the common strategies of low cost and product differentiation, the quality strategy of “meeting customers’ needs” has also become an important link. Poor product quality will result in the loss of business opportunity, market share decline, product liability claims, and loss of customer loyalty, declined in business productivity and costs increase. Therefore, product appearance seems to be an important quality feature. Through the failure mode effect analysis, this study aims to distinguish the seriousness of deficiencies encountered in the appearance quality station, and set the priority sequence of improvements for gradual reduction of deficiencies, in order to achieve quality improvement and increase production rates. The results showed that besides focusing on the adverse effects on memory card products caused by job abnormalities in the production process, the priority sequence of improvement can be determined for the failure risks of the potential failure causes. The sequence of the abnormalities can provide a reference for production line engineers in improving and reducing the reoccurrence of abnormalities, thus lowering the product appearance loss costs and improving quality. It is expected to double the efficiency of memory card production of the company, reduce the waste due to quality improvement, produce products that meet customer needs with fewer resources, and enhance the productivity and quality competitiveness of the enterprise, thus achieving sustained growth and profits of the products. Keyword：Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Business Productivity, Quality
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Hsieh, Meng-Feng, and 謝孟峰. "Applying FMEA for Design of SMT Process." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g4nesw.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
工業工程與管理研究所
101
Surface mount technology (SMT) technology is an integral part of today''s production of light, thin, small and high efficiency system in package products. This study for SMT process application failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) through expert questionnaires prior analysis of potential failure modes, and in accordance with the FMEA implementation steps assessed the risk priority number (RPN) as much as possible in the process development the stage determines priorities failures, avoid future waste manufacturing costs. The results of this study show, failure mode "bumps empty welding" risks due to the bump gas hole factors are assessed out of priority coefficient of 99.75 for the highest, which said this is a critical factor in the SMT process most required priority to prevention of, process design and managers failure to improve prevention reference.
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Lee, Hung-Hsien, and 李虹嫻. "Using FMEA Model to analysis Green Purchasing Process." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95312718583842698342.
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碩士中原大學
工業工程研究所
96
Given the ever increasing strict regulation made by international corporations of the hazardous substance produced by the Green Material, most of the enterprises have hence improved their green purchasing systems and the managements of their suppliers in order to prevent the production of unqualified products. Therefore, this study applied FMEA to the processes of green purchasing for inferring the very steps in the production processes that are needed to be further controlled and complimented, preventing and adjusting potential flaws in advance to facilitate the process of green purchasing, and reducing the poor-quality, resetting, and time costs. Our study has, thus, investigated the standards and strategies of managements made by international corporations, and constructed an integrated processes of green purchasing according to these standards and strategies. FMEA was then incorporated to find out the failure mode of green purchasing and to analyze the effects caused by failure causes. In addition, we acquired a consensus among experts on the severity, occurrence, and detection of Failure Mode via FDM. Finally, we assessed the sequence of which in the Failure Mode has to be improved using GRA and hope to provide important references for enterprises as they attempt to establish such processes.
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馬福忠. "Improving performance of military construction PCM through FMEA." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89514214781468859996.
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Lin, Ya-Hui, and 林雅惠. "Empirical Analysis of FMEA and FTA on Reliability." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43574593265036659302.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
管理研究所工業管理學程
87
The major objections of this dissertation are two methods of reliability-FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) and FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) how to evaluate the failure of the systems, and measure the reliability of the systems. Then we could do to improve the systems by the results of analysis, and to achieve the goal of system design. In chapter 2 and chapter 3, we introduce the basis ideals and methods of analysis of FMEA and FTA. Then, in chapter 4, we use empirical analysis to find out how FMEA evaluate the latent failure mode of system design, what effects on the system, and try to take necessary solutions for the problems of system reliability. On the other side, we discuss how to use FTA to improve the design of the systems, and correct the importance of each component. Finally, we could upgrade FMEA and FTA to the management of economy side. In chapter 5, we will summary our results and make some comments about this research.
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Lai, Yi-Chun, and 賴怡君. "FMEA utilization research in returned goods risk management." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7f6hqq.
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碩士元智大學
工業工程與管理學系
95
The present paper development the main direction discusses traditional FMEA’s RPN method，The RPN value is calculated by the multiplication of Severity, Occurrence, Detection and comes out to utilize to new product development. Eatablishes the FMEA table list by experience to be the reference direction of new products improvement. But because the traditional FMEA method isn’t treat rejection rate as the reference. So the Top items of return goods always not the critical items be inprovmed in the FMEA table list. This reaserch by traditional FMEA RPN be the base and the standard FMEA edition will do some small develops translates Rejection rate will be a factor and add into RPN’s calculation. Its goal is the hope includes customers’ sound in the consideration scope by FMEA analyzes. The expectation can reduce exterior defeat cost and promote product competitive ability.
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Li, Yun-ling, and 李芸菱. "A Case Study of FMEA Appling in QS9000." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5q5r2h.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
工業管理系
94
QS 9000, the quality control system developed by the US three big car companies ( CRYLSER, FORD, GENERAL ), is a quality guarantee standard which develops in the ISO 9000 foundation, both has included ISO 9001 all requests and contains other requests of the three big companies to suppliers , is a compulsory work standard . In QS 9000, Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), holding the pivotal status, one of main core tools and the analysis technique used to confirm the risk credibility, containing the confirmation of product design or the potential failure mode and reason of process, and the valuation to the method creating effects and preventing expiration of effects, and sets up methods determining that which plan to eliminate or reduce defeats is the priority. In this research, it discusses how FMEA evaluates the potential failure mode in the automobile industry component system design by an example, and analyzes RPN aimed at the failure mode, and proposes suggestions to improve, and then do repetitive analysis. In the unceasing circulation, continue to promote the credibility of product design, reduces the rate of mistaking in process or enhances the ability to examine the rate of mistaking, and promote the quality of production.
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Kuo, Fu-Hsiung, and 郭富雄. "Combing FMEA and DEMATEL in New Product Development." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/n2sgzw.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
工業工程與管理研究所
97
America Grumman air-plane company first bring up Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and applied in operation system failure analysis of airplane. Later, it combined Critically Analysis and become as Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Critically Analysis. At new product design and development stage, it usually needs different professional field workers, such as firmware engineers, software engineers and mechanical engineers to integrate design tasks. Strong design management achievement and quality will reduce many unnecessary processes, saving time and finishng product in a short time. This research will build on the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Risk Priority Number to solve 10 items potential or possible mechanical problems before new product put into mass production, so that design team will know and have defect components occurred during manufacture process in hand at development stage. After FMEA, this research combined Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory to represent the weight of quality and extended probe into problem with lower level model to classify FMEA unusual problems to defect phenomenon and component type properties. Then, list all characteristics against each property. Finally, sum up remarkable problem characteristics as probing index and regard it as the result of this research.It reduces design product schedule and exclude potential or probable defect components prevent ways in advance. After analyzing the problem, the result can provide a basis for engineering change or process equipment and product transfer.