Academic literature on the topic 'FNAC/HPE'

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Journal articles on the topic "FNAC/HPE"

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Bishwokarma, Sailendra. "A Cytohistological Correlation Study of Thyroid Lesions: Our Institutional Experience." International Journal of Silkroad Institute of Research and Training 2, no. 2 (2024): 101–4. https://doi.org/10.3126/ijsirt.v2i2.74372.

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Background: Thyroid neck masses are common clinical presentations, encompassing a spectrum of benign and malignant conditions. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) serves as an initial diagnostic tool for evaluating these masses, while histopathological examination (HPE) remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. Method: This prospective study reviewed data from 49 patients with thyroid swelling who underwent FNAC followed by surgical resection at our institution. FNAC results were categorized into colloid goitre, papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular neoplasm, thyroiditis, Hurthle cell adenoma and inconclusive . HPE findings were used to determine sensitivity, specificity, and overall diagnostic concordance. Result: FNAC demonstrated a high concordance rate (92%) with HPE. Colloid goitre was accurately diagnosed in 97% (33/34) of cases, and thyroiditis in 100% (2/2) of cases. For papillary thyroid carcinoma, FNAC identified 5 cases, with HPE detecting an additional case. Challenges were noted in diagnosing follicular neoplasms, where HPE revealed 3 adenomas and 2 carcinomas. Sensitivity exceeded 90% for colloid goitre and thyroiditis, though specificity was lower for follicular neoplasms due to cytological limitations. Conclusion: FNAC is an effective and reliable preliminary diagnostic tool for thyroid neck masses; however, it has limitations in differentiating follicular neoplasms and some malignancies. HPE remains indispensable for definitive diagnosis. Combining both methods ensures accuracy and facilitates appropriate management.
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James, P. Dworkin-Valenti. "Accuracy of non-ultrasound guided thyroid gland fine needle aspiration with biopsy." Archives of Otolaryngology and Rhinology 4, no. 1 (2017): 011–14. https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-1759.000066.

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<strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of fine needle aspiration with cytology (FNAC) for thyroid gland masses without (US) ultrasound guidance by comparing results with final Histopathological Examination (HPE) findings. <strong>Study Design: </strong>Retrospective chart review <strong>Setting: </strong>Tertiary Care Medical Center in Montego Bay, Jamaica. <strong>Subjects and Methods: </strong>Patient charts were retrospectively reviewed at Cornwall Regional Hospital in Montego Bay, Jamaica. Individuals with thyroid nodules less than 3 cm were excluded. Non-ultrasound guided FNA was performed by the attending otolaryngologist and cytology was analyzed by the attending pathologist. FNAC results were compared to final HPE results. A total of 412 patients were sampled.&nbsp; <strong>Results: </strong>The rate of agreement between the results of FNAC and HPE was very high (90%), especially for all benign lesions. Multi-nodular goiter was the most common presentation. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Head and neck disease is difficult to identify in developing nations. Results of non-US guided FNAC for thyroid lesions 3 cm and larger proved to be accurate 90% of the time when compared to final HPE results. These data demonstrate the relative reliability of FNAC without US guidance for the vast majority of thyroid gland masses that were evaluated. The findings also support the active role of the otolaryngologist in the diagnostic process; participation that can be efficiently accomplished in a routine ENT out-patient clinic setting.
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Jain, Sachin. "“COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FNAC, USG, US-FNAC, AND HPE IN DIAGNOSIS OF NECK SWELLINGS”." UP STATE JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND HEAD AND NECK SURGERY Volume 9, upjohns/volume9/Issue2 (2021): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36611/upjohns/volume9/issue2/3.

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ABSTRACT Aims: This prospective study was carried out to compare findings of the four procedures namely FNAC (fine-needle aspiration cytology), USG (ultrasonography), US-FNAC (Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology), and HPE (histopathological examination). MATERIAL AND METHODS Total 80 cases of different neck swellings were selected from ENT OPD at tertiary care hospital Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh. All cases underwent the preoperative procedure of FNAC,USG, US-FNAC and postoperative HPE for diagnosing the neck swelling. The results of FNAC, USG, US-FNAC w e r e c o m p a r e d a n d c o r r e l a t e d w i t h histopathology findings and conclusions drawn after statistical analysis. RESULTS More than half (56.25%) of neck swellings were of thyroid swellings. It was observed that sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy of FNAC of all neck swellings were 85.71%, 91.78% ,50%, 98.53% ,91.25% respectively. Sensitivity ,specificity, PPV ,NPV , accuracy of all neck swellings of USG were 71.43%, 98.63%, 83.33% , 97.26% 96.25 respectively. Sensitivity ,specificity, PPV ,NPV , accuracy of all neck swellings of US-FNAC were 85.71% ,97.26% ,75% , 98.61%, 96.25 respectively. CONCLUSION The combined use of USG and FNAC give more accuracy for proper diagnosis of neck swelling than FNAC alone. The most accurate diagnosis of
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Shah, Jainesh, Kamlesh Galani, and Manisha Galani. "Correlation of clinical features, cytological, and histopathological findings of breast lumps." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14, no. 3 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.08386202311082023.

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Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of females worldwide. Variety of breast lesions ranging from inflammatory to benign to malignancy can present as palpable breast lump. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of this lump can prevent a significant morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is simple, readily available, rapid, and accurate diagnostic tool for evaluating breast lump. Aims and Objectives: (i) Correlation of FNAC findings with histopathology (HPE) diagnosis; (ii) To evaluate clinical presentation and demographic profile of patients with breast lump. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out from June 2021 to July 2022 at C. U. Shah Medical College and Hospital, Surendranagar, in the General Surgery department along with the Pathology department. It was a prospective observational type of study which included 75 patients presented with breast lump. All the patients were evaluated clinically and then investigated by FNAC and either core biopsy or excision biopsy then sample sent to the pathology department. Results of the FNAC were categorized and correlated with HPE findings. Results: In our study, benign lesions were more common than malignant ones on FNAC. Among benign lesions, fibroadenoma was the most common (36/75 cases) lesion involving the young females (20–29 years), followed by fibrocystic disease (16/75 cases). Malignant lesions-carcinomas were found (6/75 cases) in the age group of 30–39 years. Two out of 75 cases were of phyllodes tumors, followed by other benign lesions in small numbers. Cytological findings were consistent with HPE reports in 72 cases with the sensitivity of 100% and 98.55% specificity. Conclusion: Findings of FNAC are correlated well with HPE reports which are considered the gold standard method for tissue diagnosis. In addition, FNAC is a simple, rapid, easily available, outpatient department based, and cheap procedure with high sensitivity and specificity. Hence, it can be used as an early diagnostic tool for evaluation of the patient with breast lump and ultimately will guide the clinician to determine the line of treatment.
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Gundamaraju, Divya vani, Sravani Maryada, Bhavitha Bhogadi, and Kiranmayee Buddhavarapu. "Comparision of Efficacy of FNAC with Histopathological Examination of Parotid Swellings." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 30, no. 2 (2023): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2022.v30i2.751.

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Introduction : Parotid gland swellings are of histologically diverse group. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a rapid, simple, cost effective diagnostic procedure for evaluation of such swellings. The main aim of the study is to determine specificity, sensitivity, accuracy of FNAC in parotid swellings by taking histopathological examination (HPE) as gold standard. Materials and methods: Retrospective study done from April 2018 – July 2018. Data was collected from medical records of 50 cases who came with parotid swellings. All have undergone preoperative FNAC for swellings followed by surgery and HPE of specimen postoperatively. Results: In FNAC most of parotid swellings were benign in nature with pleomorphic adenoma most common. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAC for parotid swellings in our study are 62.5%; 94%; 84% respectively. Conclusion: Even though FNAC is rapid, simple, it is may not be completely reliable deciding factor for patient counselling and for further management according to present study as it shows less sensitivity of 62.5%.The FNAC may be considered as a best possible initial investigation but may not be as to provide a definitive diagnosis on which management decisions can be made.
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Rajarshi Sannigrahi, Ganesh Chandra Gayen, and Ritam Ray. "A clinico-pathological study of thyroid nodules and correlation among ultrasonographic, cytologic, and histologic findings." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 3 (2023): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v14i3.50071.

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Background: Nodular thyroid is a common occurrence affecting 5% of the population. Aims and Objectives: To find the prevalence of thyroid nodules, to study the clinico-biochemical profile of the patients with thyroid nodules and to establish a correlation between pre-operative ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) with post-operative histopathologic findings. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata over 1.5 years. Patients with clinically detectable nodules posted for surgery were evaluated clinically, biochemically, ultrasonographically (USG), and cytologically with FNAC. Histopathologic examination (HPE) was done post-surgery. Comparison was done between those with benign and malignant nodules. Correlation was done between pre-operative USG, FNA, and post-operative HPE of the nodules. Results: Out of 322 cases during the study period, the prevalence of clinically detectable thyroid nodule posted for surgery was 39 (12.58%). Most of the patients were euthyroid (94.9%), had nodules in left lobe (41.5%). Most of the nodules were heteroechoic (56.5%) and majority were THY3 nodules (48.7%) on FNAC. On HPE, malignancy was found in 20.5% of the nodules. Compared to benign nodules, malignant nodules were more commonly larger, on the left lobe, solid, hypoechoic, with spiculated margins, punctate calcification, and having associated neck nodes (pall &lt; 0.03). Out of 11 cases, which were radiologically predicted to be malignant, 10 had THY ≥3 on FNA, and 8 were malignant on HPE. USG had a sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value of 87.5%, 87.1%, 63.63%, and 96.43% in predicting malignancy. Conclusion: Pre-operative ultrasonography for thyroid nodules can predict malignancy with sufficient sensitivity and specificity and can obviate the need for unnecessary FNAC in many cases and also suggest imminent need for surgery rather than FNAC in very high risk cases.
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Kumar, E. Pavan, S. Namratha, Siva Subba Rao Pakanati, and Uma Pokala. "Correlation of ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration cytology for diagnosis of malignancy in thyroid lesions: a study of 100 cases." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 7, no. 8 (2021): 1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20212787.

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&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The majority (90%) of thyroid lesions are benign as malignancy occurs only 1 in 10 thyroid nodules. The purpose of ultrasonography (USG) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is to pick the patients having malignancy for surgical intervention. The objective of present study is to correlate ultrasonography findings with FNAC for diagnosis of malignancy in thyroid lesions by relating these findings to histopathological examination (HPE) reports.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A prospective clinical study carried out from September 2019 to February 2021, in the Department of Ear Nose and Throat (ENT), Mamata Medical College, Khammam, in patients with clinical evidence of thyroid swelling. Ultrasound and FNAC were done in all cases and HPE were done in cases where surgeries were performed at our institution. The results were analysed. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; According to USG,&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;out of 100 cases 93 cases were found to be of benign thyroid swellings, 4 cases were suspected malignant and 3 cases were found malignant. According to FNAC, out of 100 cases 97 cases were benign and 3 cases were confirmed to be malignant. Two cases which were found to be malignant on both USG and FNAC were confirmed as malignant according to HPE report.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; USG is a sensitive modality in the assessment of thyroid swellings with good accuracy. FNAC also provides the most direct and specific information about thyroid lesions. It is suggested that USG followed by FNAC provides better diagnosis in thyroid lesions.&lt;/p&gt;
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Chowdhury, Bonapart. "Efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology in the early diagnosis of different head and neck malignancies: a hospital based prospective study." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 3 (2020): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20200626.

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&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a very useful diagnostic modality for early diagnosis of cancers in the head and neck region where large majority of the lesions are in the form of cervical lymphadenopathy, thus FNAC is easily feasible. This can be used as a significant screening tool if sensitivity is found to be high.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A hospital based prospective study to find the accuracy of FNAC in correctly diagnosing malignant lesions in patients with visible or palpable mass lesions in the head and neck area where both FNAC and histopathological examination (HPE) is possible taking HPE as gold standard. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; FNAC is a very effective tool in the early diagnosis of different head and neck malignancies with sensitivity of 91.37% and specificity of 97.62%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; FNAC is a simple, quick and safe diagnostic modality for different head and neck malignancies with significant sensitivity and specificity, thus can be used as a screening tool effectively. &lt;/p&gt;
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Dr., Subrat Kumar Patra, Shalini Das Dr., and Rajesh Gupta Dr. "Comparison of Sonographic Features, FNAC, and Histopathological Findings in Patients with Thyroid Swelling." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) 10, no. 2 (2025): 527–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14921199.

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Background: Thyroid nodules are commonly encountered in clinical practice, with the challenge of distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between sonographic features, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), and histopathological findings to determine the most effective early diagnostic intervention in patients with thyroid swelling.  Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from 2023 to 2024, involving 60 patients with thyroid swelling. Sonographic evaluation, FNAC, and histopathological examination (HPE) were performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of each method. The correlation between sonographic features (e.g., hypoechoic nodules, micro calcifications, irregular margins, increased vascularity) and the results of FNAC and HPE were analysed.  Results: The study found that hypoechoic nodules with micro calcifications and irregular margins were strongly associated with malignancy. FNAC demonstrated high sensitivity (85%) and specificity (90%), with the majority of malignant cases diagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma. Histopathological examination confirmed malignancy in 55% of the cases. The combination of sonography and FNAC provided the highest diagnostic accuracy, while histopathology served as the definitive confirmation.  Conclusion: Sonography and FNAC, when used together, provide the most reliable early diagnostic intervention for thyroid swelling. This multi-modal approach enables the accurate differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules, facilitating appropriate management and reducing unnecessary surgeries.
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Sikander, Moin, Madhumohan, Sheena Ponnappan, and Sunil Kumar. "Correlative Study of Ultrasound Scan, Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology and Histopathology of Thyroid Swellings." Kerala Surgical Journal 30, no. 1 (2024): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ksj.ksj_34_24.

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Abstract Introduction: Thyroid swellings are common clinical entities with a reported prevalence of about 10% of the adult population. As ultrasound technology is advancing, so is the detection of thyroid lesions, even if they are as small as a few millimetres in size. While fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the standard procedure for thyroid nodule diagnosis; it involves risks and unnecessary costs. However, histopathological examination (HPE) is the gold standard for the classification of thyroid swellings. While individual characteristics of USS which increase the suspiciousness of malignancy, have been studied repeatedly but are inconclusive, we therefore need a comprehensive system of stratifying thyroid nodules and characterising them with confidence so that we can reduce the number of needless painful aspiration and biopsy procedures. Aim: This study aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound scans and FNAC in thyroid swellings by comparing them with HPE results. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care centre over a period of 2 years. During this period, a total of 200 patients presented with palpable thyroid nodules in the surgery outpatient department out of which 160 patients were included in our study. All the patients underwent a triple assessment (clinical examination, sonogram and FNAC) and were later posted for surgery, the specimen obtained was sent for HPE. Data were collected and the results were analysed and compared. Results: One hundred and sixty cases with thyroid swellings were studied. Out of the 160 cases, 136 were female and 24 were male with female-to-male ratio of 5.6:1. Based on various ultrasound characteristics of thyroid nodules, each thyroid nodule was classified into ACR-TIRADS categories and then FNAC was done. On HPE diagnosis of 160 cases, 98 (61.3%) patients were benign and 62 (38.8%) patients were malignant. The results of histopathology were correlated with ultrasound features and statistical analysis was done calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for each feature. The sensitivity and specificity for irregular margin were 38.7% and 93.9%, for taller-than-wide were 21% and 100%, for punctate echogenic foci/microcalcification were 8.1% and 100%, for hypoechogenicity were 91.9% and 64.3% and for solid consistency were 69.4% and 76.5%. The risk of malignancy for TIRADS categories 2, 3, 4 and 5 in our study was 2.5%, 21%, 64% and 94%, respectively. In comparison with FNAC diagnosis and HPE, FNAC is 98.0% sensitive and 54.8% specificity in detecting benign lesions while 4.84% sensitivity and 97.96% specificity in detecting malignant lesions. Conclusion: ACR-TIRADS is a good predictor of malignancy. Individual characteristics such as solid composition, hypoechogenicity, irregular borders, taller-than-wide shape and microcalcifications were highly predictive of malignancy. FNAC is of greater help in the pre-operative diagnosis and should be treated as a first-line diagnostic test for thyroid swellings to guide the management though it is not a substitute for HPE.
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Conference papers on the topic "FNAC/HPE"

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Chopra, Seema. "Sclerosing sex cord stromal tumour of the ovary: A rare variant of ovarian neoplasms in childhood and adolescence." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685321.

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Case Report: 19 yr old unmarried girl c/o abdominal distension, loss of appetite and Irregular menstrual cycles x 5 months. USG: gross ascites, liver, Lobulated isoechoic mass in right adnexa, 7x5 cm, abutting right ovary. CA125: 1297 U/ml. FNAC Degenerated crushed cells &amp; stromal fragments. Few scattered benign oval/spindle cells. Laparoscopy f/b laparotomy: 6 litres of straw colored asciic fluid drained. Uterus, left adnexa normal. Rt ovarian mass 6x7 cm, bilobed, arising from ovary. Solid, stuck in POD Adherent to gut. Right oophrectomy done. CA-125: 22 u/ml on day 6 post op. HPE – Sclerosing stromal tumor. Discussion: Sclerosing sex cord stromal tumour of the ovary is a rare tumor; accounts for 6% of ovarian stromal tumors Over a 100 reported tumors in literature. 80% of SST seen in second and third decade of life. Essentially a benign tumour, Usually a unilateral nonfunctioning tumor. Few cases with elevated serum CA-125 and hormonal abnormalities have been reported. Endocrine alterations caused by secretion of estrogen, progesterone or testosterone; induction of precocious puberty. Conclusion: Unilateral oophrectomy is the treatment. No recurrence of the tumor in the patients treated by oophorectomy or by conservative resection of the tumor. Excision of the tumor isfollowed by normal menses, pregnancy has also been reported.
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