Relevant bibliographies by topics / FOCM

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'FOCM'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "FOCM"

1

Hayden, Melvin R., and Suresh C. Tyagi. "Impaired Folate-Mediated One-Carbon Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes, Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease and Long COVID." Medicina 58, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010016.

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Impaired folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) is associated with many pathologies and developmental abnormalities. FOCM is a metabolic network of interdependent biosynthetic pathways that is known to be compartmentalized in the cytoplasm, mitochondria and nucleus. Currently, the biochemical mechanisms and causal metabolic pathways responsible for the initiation and/or progression of folate-associated pathologies have yet to be fully established. This review specifically examines the role of impaired FOCM in type 2 diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease and the emerging Long COVID/post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). Importantly, elevated homocysteine may be considered a biomarker for impaired FOCM, which is known to result in increased oxidative–redox stress. Therefore, the incorporation of hyperhomocysteinemia will be discussed in relation to impaired FOCM in each of the previously listed clinical diseases. This review is intended to fill gaps in knowledge associated with these clinical diseases and impaired FOCM. Additionally, some of the therapeutics will be discussed at this early time point in studying impaired FOCM in each of the above clinical disease states. It is hoped that this review will allow the reader to better understand the role of FOCM in the development and treatment of clinical disease states that may be associated with impaired FOCM and how to restore a more normal functional role for FOCM through improved nutrition and/or restoring the essential water-soluble B vitamins through oral supplementation
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Hsiao, Felix Shih-Hsiang, Clara Ajeng Artdita, Shih-Yao Lin, Yu-Hsiang Yu, and Yeong-Hsiang Cheng. "Mixed Solid-State Fermentation of Okara and Copra Meal by Probiotics with Non-Starch Polysaccharide Enzymes and Its Effects on the Growth Performance and Ileal Microbiota in Broilers." Fermentation 8, no. 10 (September 23, 2022): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8100478.

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With the global shortage of feed ingredients, the use of agricultural by-products has become an alternative to animal feed. Okara, a by-product of soymilk and tofu processing, is high in nutrients but contains non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and has a high-water content, which are disadvantages in animal feed. Herein, we mixed okara and copra meal (CM) with probiotics (Lactobacillus species and Clostridium butyricum) and NSP enzymes (NSPases) for solid-state fermentation (SSF) to enhance okara feed value; the optimal parameters of fermented okara and CM (FOCM) and their effects on broiler growth performance and ileal microbiota were investigated. The result showed that FOCM in combination with NSPases and probiotics at 55% of the initial moisture content and 60 h fermentation time at 37 °C were able to degrade NSP and reduce sugar content. After fermentation, the total viable counts, lactic acid, and butyric acid contents in the FOCM were 8.6 log CFU/g, 3.7%, and 17.15%, respectively. During the fifth week of the feeding period and over the whole feeding period, broilers fed with 1.25% and 2.5% FOCM had a better feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05); both groups increased the duodenal villus length (p < 0.05). Further microbiome analysis suggested that FOCM significantly increased the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes and reduced the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the ileal content (p < 0.05). Collectively, supplementation of probiotics and enzymes during SSF was found to be effective in enhancing the nutritional value of FOCM. Moreover, dietary supplementation of FOCM improved the broiler feed conversion ratio, gut morphology, and ileal microbiota.
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Zhu, Xinpei, Limeng Huang, Yao Zheng, Yanchun Song, Qiaoqi Xu, Jiahao Wang, Ke Si, Shumin Duan, and Wei Gong. "Ultrafast optical clearing method for three-dimensional imaging with cellular resolution." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 23 (May 17, 2019): 11480–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1819583116.

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Optical clearing is a versatile approach to improve imaging quality and depth of optical microscopy by reducing scattered light. However, conventional optical clearing methods are restricted in the efficiency-first applications due to unsatisfied time consumption, irreversible tissue deformation, and fluorescence quenching. Here, we developed an ultrafast optical clearing method (FOCM) with simple protocols and common reagents to overcome these limitations. The results show that FOCM can rapidly clarify 300-µm-thick brain slices within 2 min. Besides, the tissue linear expansion can be well controlled by only a 2.12% increase, meanwhile the fluorescence signals of GFP can be preserved up to 86% even after 11 d. By using FOCM, we successfully built the detailed 3D nerve cells model and showed the connection between neuron, astrocyte, and blood vessel. When applied to 3D imaging analysis, we found that the foot shock and morphine stimulation induced distinct c-fos pattern in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). Therefore, FOCM has the potential to be a widely used sample mounting media for biological optical imaging.
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Herrick, J., K. Leiske, G. Magarey, and W. Swanson. "221 BASAL SEMINAL TRAITS AND IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IN THE SAND CAT (FELIS MARGARITA)." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 18, no. 2 (2006): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv18n2ab221.

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The sand cat (Felis margarita) is one of five small-sized cat species given priority for conservation in North American zoos. An improved understanding of sand cat reproductive biology would benefit captive breeding and facilitate use of assisted reproduction for genetic management. In this study, our objectives were to: (1) characterize basal seminal traits, (2) assess ovarian responses to exogenous gonadotropins, and (3) compare Ham's (HF10) F-10 with 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and feline optimized culture medium (FOCM) with 0.4% BSA for supporting gamete function and embryonic development in vitro. Semen was collected by electroejaculation from seven males (n = 10 ejaculates), washed, and resuspended (10 � 106 motile sperm/mL) in HF10 or FOCM for culture (6% CO2 in air at 38.7�C). Sperm motility (% motile and rate of forward progress, 0-5 scale) was evaluated at 0, 1, 3, and 6 h of culture and used to calculate a sperm motility index (SMI; [% + (5 * rate)]/2). Acrosomal integrity was evaluated by staining (fast green FCF-rose bengal) at 0 and 6 h. For IVF, ovarian follicles were aspirated laparoscopically from female sand cats (n = 4) treated at random times of the estrous cycle with 150 IU eCG and 100 IU hCG (84 h post-eCG) prior to oocyte recovery (25 h post-hCG). Grade 1 oocytes were co-incubated with 2 � 105 motile sperm/mL in HF10 (n = 32) or FOCM (n = 33) for 20 h before transfer to fresh medium. Resulting embryos were either cryopreserved (n = 42) at 30 h post-insemination (hpi) or cultured until Day 7 pi after being moved to fresh medium (FOCM with 5% FBS (n = 10) or HF10 (n = 6)) on Day 3 pi. Ejaculates contained (mean � SEM) 43.5 � 11.0 � 106 total spermatozoa, with 77.0 � 2.3% motility, 43.8 � 3.9% normal morphology, and 93.1 � 1.3% intact acrosomes. During 6 h of culture, SMI and % intact acrosomes declined (P < 0.05) slightly (SMI, 73.8-74.8 at 0 h and 68.5-68.8 at 6 h; % intact acrosomes, 87.1-87.6% at 0 h and 69.0-74.2% at 6 h), but similarly (P > 0.05) in both media. Females produced 24.3 � 5.6 follicles, with 19.3 � 5.1 total oocytes and 16.5 � 4.6 Grade 1 oocytes recovered per female. The proportions of oocytes cleaving at 20 and 30 hpi and the quality of the resulting embryos at 30 hpi were higher (P < 0.05) in FOCM (20 hpi, 76.5 � 8.7%; 30 hpi, 92.9 � 7.1%; 89.2 � 7.9% Grade 1) than in HF10 (20 hpi, 29.8 � 11.7%; 30 hpi, 55.9 � 20.6%; 62.9 � 7.2% Grade 1). Two blastocysts developed in FOCM (69.0 � 19.0 cells), but the final cell numbers of all cultured embryos were not different (P > 0.05) between FOCM (26.9 � 8.0 cells) and HF10 (19.3 � 6.4 cells). Compared to other small felid species, sand cats exhibited excellent seminal traits, gonadotropin-induced ovarian responses, and fertilization success in vitro. Although sperm motility and acrosomal integrity were similar in FOCM and HF10, the medium developed specifically for domestic cat embryos (FOCM) better supported IVF and early embryonic development. These results indicate that IVF with fresh spermatozoa could be a valuable tool for genetic management of captive sand cat populations. This work was supported by MAF D04ZO-72.
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Ahmed, Firas Saaduldeen, Ahmed A. Allu, and Maan A. Jirjees. "Performance Enhancement of Speed Control for Induction Motor Using Dolphin Algorithm." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2312, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2312/1/012026.

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Abstract The induction motor is renowned as one of the most motors commonly used in an industry where rapid response and high control precision are needed for a wide range of speeds. In this paper, a field oriented control method (FOCM) has been used to obtain a higher control efficiency by dividing the stator current into torque and field control components, including the space vector pulse width modulation (SV-PWM) technology. FOCM also reduces the harmonics of the inverter output signal and allows the best use of DC voltage. This paper aims to enhance the speed response during a sudden change in load torque or reference speed. The Dolphin Algorithm (DA) is used to find the best parameters of the control circuit in both the current and voltage controllers of the FOCM to improve the motor speed response using two objective functions which are Mean Average Error (MAE) and Mean Error (ME). Simulation results for dolphin-PI controllers show the trial superiority by noting PI controllers error and decrease the delay time during the state change.
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Heyden, Katarina, Yuwen Xiu, and Martha Field. "Reduced Methionine Synthase (Mtr) Expression, a Model of Vitamin B12 Deficiency, Leads to Uracil Accumulation in Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 1314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab059_015.

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Abstract Objectives Integrity of both nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is affected by nutritional and environmental factors. Folate and B12 are water-soluble B-vitamins that act as cofactors in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM), a series of one-carbon transfer reactions that support several essential cell processes including nucleotide biosynthesis. Impairments in FOCM, such as folate or vitamin B12 deficiency, can disturb thymidylate (dTMP, the “T” base in DNA) synthesis and lead to uracil misincorporation to DNA. Both folate and B12 deficiency as well as genetic polymorphisms affecting FOCM function are associated with increased uracil accumulation and DNA damage in nDNA. However, dTMP synthesis occurs in multiple cellular compartments (cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondria), and it is not well defined how FOCM impairments affects mtDNA integrity and nucleotide pool balance between compartments. Methods Currently, we are using in vivo and in vitro experiments to assess nucleotide synthesis and uracil accumulation in a functional model of vitamin B-12 deficiency with decreased expression of methionine synthase (Mtr), one of two B12-requiring enzymes. Tissues from Mtr+/+,+/− mice and Mtr+/+,+/- mouse-derived cells were exposed to either folate-replete or folate-deplete conditions to explore the combined effects of folate and B12 deficiency on nucleotide synthesis capacity and integrity of both nDNA and mtDNA. Results We have developed and validated a novel real-time PCR-based assay to quantify uracil misincorporation into mtDNA. In mouse liver, we observed a significant increase of uracil in mtDNA with decreased Mtr expression as well as an interaction between Mtr genotype and folate status. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) demonstrated perturbed dTMP synthesis and increased uracil accumulation in nDNA with decreased Mtr expression. Conclusions These data suggest that functional B12 deficiency, as modeled by decreased Mtr expression, disrupts nucleotide synthesis in more than one cellular compartment and increases uracil accumulation not only in nDNA, but also in mtDNA. Reduced Mtr expression may cause a redistribution of folates in the cytoplasm which impacts mitochondrial folate levels, and subsequently mitochondrial dTMP synthesis. Funding Sources N/A.
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Gigic, Biljana, Eline van Roekel, Andreana N. Holowatyj, Stefanie Brezina, Anne J. M. R. Geijsen, Arve Ulvik, Jennifer Ose, et al. "Cohort profile: Biomarkers related to folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism in colorectal cancer recurrence and survival – the FOCUS Consortium." BMJ Open 12, no. 12 (December 2022): e062930. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062930.

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PurposeThe overarching goal of the FOCUS (biomarkers related to folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism in colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence and survival) Consortium is to unravel the effect of folate and folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) biomarkers on CRC prognosis to provide clinically relevant advice on folate intake to cancer patients and define future tertiary prevention strategies.ParticipantsThe FOCUS Consortium is an international, prospective cohort of 2401 women and men above 18 years of age who were diagnosed with a primary invasive non-metastatic (stages I–III) CRC. The consortium comprises patients from Austria, two sites from the Netherlands, Germany and two sites from the USA. Patients are recruited after CRC diagnosis and followed at 6 and 12 months after enrolment. At each time point, sociodemographic data, data on health behaviour and clinical data are collected, blood samples are drawn.Findings to dateAn increased risk of cancer recurrences was observed among patients with higher compared with lower circulating folic acid concentrations. Furthermore, specific folate species within the FOCM pathway were associated with both inflammation and angiogenesis pathways among patients with CRC. In addition, higher vitamin B6status was associated with better quality of life at 6 months post-treatment.Future plansBetter insights into the research on associations between folate and FOCM biomarkers and clinical outcomes in patients with CRC will facilitate the development of guidelines regarding folate intake in order to provide clinically relevant advice to patients with cancer, health professionals involved in patient care, and ultimately further tertiary prevention strategies in the future. The FOCUS Consortium offers an excellent infrastructure for short-term and long-term research projects and for combining additional biomarkers and data resulting from the individual cohorts within the next years, for example, microbiome data, omics and multiomics data or CT-quantified body composition data.
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Magarey, G., J. Herrick, K. Thiangtum, W. Tunwattana, and W. Swanson. "284 COMPARATIVE FERTILITY OF FRESHLY-COLLECTED VERSUS FROZEN - THAWED SPERMATOZOA FOR IN VITRO FERTILIZATION IN THE FISHING CAT (PRIONAILURUS VIVERRINUS)." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 18, no. 2 (2006): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv18n2ab284.

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Wild populations of fishing cats (Prionailurus viverrinus) in Southeast Asia are in decline, primarily due to habitat loss. Because the fishing cat population in North American zoos is small (n = 69) and inbred (F = 0.17) with relatively low genetic variation (86%), infusion of new founder genes from Asia is a conservation priority. Importation of cryopreserved semen for use with IVF and ET may offer one alternative to the international transport of living animals. In this study, our objectives were to (1) compare motility longevity of fresh vs. frozen-thawed fishing cat spermatozoa in two culture media, (2) evaluate ovarian responses to exogenous gonadotropins, and (3) assess development of IVF embryos produced with fresh vs. frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Raw semen was collected via electroejaculation from male fishing cats (n = 4), divided into groups, and washed. Two sperm pellets were resuspended in either Ham's F10 medium (HF10; with 5% FBS) or our feline optimized culture medium (FOCM; with 0.4% BSA); another pellet was diluted in TEST egg yolk, cooled to 5�C over 3 h, glycerated (4%), and cryopreserved in straws over LN2 vapor. Frozen sperm samples were thawed, washed, and diluted in either HF10 or FOCM. Fresh and frozen-thawed sperm motility (percent motile, rate of forward progress) in each medium (10 � 106 motile sperm/mL) was assessed (at 0, 1, 3, and 6 h) in microdrops under oil during culture (38�C; 6% CO2 in air). Female fishing cats (n = 10) were treated with exogenous gonadotropins (150 IU eCG, 100 IU hCG, 85-h interval) and ovarian follicles were aspirated laparoscopically. Recovered oocytes were inseminated with fresh (2 � 105 motile sperm/mL) or frozen-thawed (5 � 105 motile sperm/mL) spermatozoa in FOCM microdrops; resulting embryos were either cryopreserved or cultured in FOCM (with 5% FBS added at 72 h post-insemination) for 7 days. Sperm motility over time did not differ (P > 0.05) between media for either fresh or frozen-thawed samples; however, across media, frozen-thawed sperm motility was lower (P < 0.05) and declined faster (P < 0.05) compared to fresh spermatozoa. Females produced an average (�SEM) of 9.8 � 2.9 mature ovarian follicles, allowing recovery of 7.3 � 2.6 high-quality oocytes per female. Oocyte cleavage percentage at 42 h p.i. was lower (P < 0.05) with frozen-thawed spermatozoa (38%, 11/29) compared to freshly collected spermatozoa (68%, 17/25). Overall, 35% (6/17) of cultured embryos developed to blastocysts with no difference (P > 0.05) between embryos produced with frozen-thawed (4/11) vs. fresh (2/6) spermatozoa. Although fishing cat sperm motility and fertility appear compromised after cryopreservation, our results demonstrate the ability of frozen-thawed spermatozoa to produce IVF embryos that are capable of developing to blastocyst stage in vitro. This work was supported by (NIH RR015388).
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Chekalov, V. A., and N. E. Volkova. "Chickpea genotypes characteristics on resistance to fusarium Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris." Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 23 (September 9, 2018): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v23.1008.

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Aim. Molecular-genetic analysis of the chickpea genotypes for foc0, foc3, foc4 resistance genes to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris. Methods. Extraction and purification of DNA, spectrophotometry, polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. Results. 35 chickpea lines and varieties of Ukrainian and foreign breeding characterized according to genotyping on foc0, foc3, foc4 genes of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris by the microsatellite markers TA59, TR19 and TR59. Fragments of the expected size for all markers were obtained for samples, for which the resistance level was fixed to certain races. Match between data on the presence of a amplification fragment of a certain size and resistance level among other samples is not found. Conclusions. For 35 chickpea varieties and lines the allele state of foc0, foc3, foc4 genes of resistance to the F. oxysporum f. sp ciceris races 0, 3, 4 is established. The variety ‘Pam’yat’ is recommended as a control of resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp ciceris races 0, 3, 4 in the southern Ukraine conditions. Keywords: chickpea, genes, molecular markers, fusarios, resistance.
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Chen, Jiajia, Zhenhong Du, Chenhao Xu, Xiao Xiao, Wei Gong, and Ke Si. "Ultrafast 3D histological imaging based on a minutes-time scale tissue clearing and multidirectional selective plane illumination microscopy." Optics Letters 47, no. 17 (August 19, 2022): 4331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.463705.

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Conventional histopathological examinations are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and are insufficient to depict 3D pathological features intuitively. Here we report an ultrafast 3D histological imaging scheme based on optimized selective plane illumination microscopy (mSPIM), a minutes-time scale clearing method (FOCM), and a deep learning-based image enhancement algorithm (SRACNet) to realize histological preparation and imaging of clinical tissues. Our scheme enables 1-minute clearing and fast imaging (up to 900 mm2/min) of 200 µm-thick mouse kidney slices at micron-level resolution. With hematoxylin and eosin analog, we demonstrated the detailed 3D morphological connections between glomeruli and the surrounding tubules, which is difficult to identify in conventional 2D histology. Further, by the preliminary verification on human kidney tissues, this study will provide new, to the best of our knowledge, feasible histological solutions and inspirations in future 3D digital pathology. © 2022 Optical Society of America
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "FOCM"

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Maria, Bottaro. "MTHFD2 modulation impairs proliferation and migration of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: an in vitro study." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1192417.

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Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive tumour arising from the mesothelial cells covering the pleural space. MPM is commonly associated with asbestos exposure, its main risk factor. Currently, there are no effective treatments for MPM and the prognosis of patients is very poor. Moreover, modern targeted therapies that showed benefit in other human tumors failed in MPM, thus indicating an urgent need to identify new ways to diagnose MPM at earlier stages and increase knowledge about the mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis, progression and chemo/radio-resistance of this neoplasm. Folate metabolism is central to cell proliferation and a target of cancer therapy. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2), is an enzyme included in this pathway and it has been reported to be highly expressed in several malignancies. Although the enzymatic activity of the MTHFD2 is well understood, its role in cancer cell biology, in particular the relationship between its expression and MPM remains largely unknown. In this study, we first assessed that MTHFD2 was significantly overexpressed in MPM tissues and cell lines compared to non-malignant mesothelial tissues and cell lines. Then, we found that stable MTHFD2 knockdown by short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) resulted in reduced MPM cell growth, clonogenic potential and migration ability in vitro. At the molecular level we observed that MTHFD2 knock-down reduced the expression of genes involved in cell cycle progression and in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process. On the contrary, overexpression of MTHFD2 in MPM cells resulted in enhancement of the proliferation and migration in vitro. These results indicated a possible role of MTHFD2 in MPM progression. Targeting MTHFD2 could represent a promising new therapeutic strategy.
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Dahlström, Karolina. "How fining agents affect the tendency of pear base wine to form and stabilize foam." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Natural Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-7520.

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The company Kiviks Musteri AB produces a pear base wine that forms stable foam, which is problematic from a production perspective. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the factors underlying foam stability in the pear base wine and to find means for its reduction. This was done by foam testing wines and varying several variables, such as the fining agents normally used in the wine production (bentonite, gelatin, siliceous earth and activated carbon), enzyme treatment, and by changing the fermenting yeast species.

Results: The wine started to form stable foam during fermentation, and foam stability could be reduced by using more bentonite and carbon during the fining process. The other fining agents appeared to have only limited impact on foaming characteristics. No pectin was present according to the pectin test, but protein bands were evident from SDS PAGE analysis, though absent in samples treated with increased doses of bentonite.

In conclusion, pectin is not a major foaming agent in the wine, the yeast is most likely the producer of the foaming agents, carbon and bentonite have a reducing effect on foam stability, bentonite also reduces protein content. Proteins are likely to be involved in the foam stabilization but are not the sole contributors to stable foam.

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Smolik, Andrei. "Form to Behaviour: Rethinking Group Form." Thesis, Curtin University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/83429.

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This thesis investigates form-generating processes in architecture using creative computing, digital fabrication and process design by exploring a series of creative small-scale built prototypes. The aim of this research is to develop understanding and explore novel methods and techniques for the development and fabrication of the built environment based on Group Form principles- compositional approach originally developed by Fumihiko Maki and representative of natural, spontaneous, large-scale systems and modular assemblies.
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Cheng, Liang. "Modeling and simulation studies of foam processes in improved oil recovery and acid-diversions." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3077619.

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Bain, Joseph David. "Thermomechanical Hot Tool Cutting and Surface Quality in Robotic Foam Sculpting." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6258.

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For several years, research work has been carried out at the University of Canterbury aimed at the development of a rapid prototyping and manufacturing process referred to as Robotic Foam Sculpting (RFS). This system uses a six-axis industrial robot and electrically-heated hot-wire and hot-blade tools to sculpt desired parts from blocks of polystyrene foam. The vision for this system is that it will be able to rapidly create large volume foam models at low cost, for a range of potential applications. Parts produced by the RFS system can potentially be used as investment casting patterns, cores for sculptures and architectural details, demonstration and testing models, wind tunnel test models, and many other potential applications. At the beginning of the work reported in this thesis, there was very little understanding of the nature of the surfaces produced by hot-tool cutting of foam, very little knowledge of the range of input cutting conditions that affected the surface quality, and almost no understanding of the relationships between the cutting strategy and the nature of the surfaces being produced. In addition, there was little evidence of published work on these subjects that was sufficiently robust to be applicable to the RFS system. This research was concerned with rectifying this gap in the existing knowledge. There were a number of different focal areas for this research. These included the surface texture of surfaces cut with hot tools, the effects of cutting strategy on the surface quality in single-pass cutting of foam, the effects of cutting strategy on the surface quality in multi-pass cutting, and the application of a current-control system to control the surface quality in real time during a cut. In each of the focal areas the goal was to develop a detailed understanding of the nature of the different aspects of surface quality, to map the factor interactions and dependencies that controlled these aspects of surface quality, to develop methods for predicting the expected surface quality based on cutting strategy (and vice versa) and to develop techniques for minimising the surface errors. The detailed investigation of the surface texture of surfaces produced with hot-tool cutting is presented in Chapter 4. This chapter explores the characteristic nature of foam surfaces, presents the development of a method of measuring the surface texture of foam, and investigates the usefulness of a range of standard texture parameters for assessing foam surface quality. It is concluded in this chapter that common texture parameters based on the relative heights of surface features are not capable of reliably discriminating between different foam surfaces, so a new texture parameter (the 10%-Height Contiguous Diameter) is developed and implemented. Using this parameter, it is possible to reliably predict the surface texture to be expected for a given set of cutting conditions. Investigations of the cutting strategy in single-pass cutting are presented in Chapter 5. This chapter identifies the two key aspects of surface quality in single-pass cutting, the kerfwidth and the surface barrelling. Experimental work is carried out to investigate the relationships between these errors and the cutting strategy, and the factors that influence each of them are identified. In addition, statistical models are developed for the kerf along the length of a cut so that the kerf can be predicted based on cutting conditions. This chapter also includes a study of the cutting force in single-pass cutting, and develops models that allow the prediction of the expected cutting force for a given cutting strategy. A detailed study of the cutting strategy for multi-pass cutting is presented in Chapter 6. This study identifies the most significant surface errors in multi-pass cutting and determines the causes of each of these errors and the factor interactions and dependencies that have to be considered when developing a multi-pass cutting strategy. Once again, statistical models that allow the prediction of these surface errors based on cutting strategy, or the evaluation of cutting strategy parameters to achieve a desired surface quality, are developed. The models for cutting force in single-pass cutting are applied to multi-pass cutting, and it is found that these models can accurately predict the force in multi-pass cutting as well. The characterisation of the acoustic output in hot-tool cutting forms the subject matter of Chapter 7. This study establishes that the magnitude of the acoustic output is proportional to the cutting force experienced during the cut, and is therefore potentially suitable for use as a trigger signal for feedback current control. This would allow an acoustic signal to be used instead of the current force signal, which has a number of drawbacks that will be discussed in Chapter 2, the Background Material chapter. The specific trigger signal identified as being of most use is the acoustic output in the 4 – 12 kHz band, where the presence of any non-zero acoustic output above background noise is a reliable and repeatable indicator of the presence of thermomechanical cutting. The work presented in this thesis provides a detailed, quantitative, evidence-based and reliable understanding of the nature of the cutting strategy in hot-tool cutting of foam. The key cutting strategy parameters and the important aspects of surface quality for different cutting types are identified, the relationships between all these parameters are mapped, and quantitative models are developed that allow the output metrics like the surface quality or the cutting force to be predicted with a high degree of accuracy based on the input cutting strategy conditions. Armed with this understanding, it is possible to determine the most suitable cutting strategy for sculpting a given part, and to assess whether a given part can be sculpted with the RFS system. As such, the research problem posed at the start of this thesis has been largely solved, and the stage is set for further research to optimise the cutting strategy for sculpting different parts and to correct the remaining drawbacks of the RFS system to complete the development of a commercially-useful manufacturing system.
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Walcott, Penelope. "Mediated form." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556676.

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All art conveys interpretations and investigations of an ontological, metaphysical and spiritual nature. Literature, for example, uses every-day symbols and signs, some of which are mediated via metaphor to convey the authors' cultural context, belief systems and their own personal artistic nature. This paper attempts to describe a form of compositional process that is based on the formation of meaning through mediated structure. This may involve working directly with text or with multiple texts, referencing texts, or designing the structural component of a piece so that it refers to a conscious or unconscious process of memory. Utilising words allows for a creative interface across the disciplines of music and literature in which both contexts are at once juxtaposed and synthesised in a singular form. Reading literature is one of the most powerful ways of engaging with any type of culture; poetry offers a different type of engagement with its readership largely because of its generative use of metaphor. It is this type of poetic license and play with cultural and social expectations of literary meaning that I find most fascinating about the written word, and this is why I have chosen to engage with poetic and prosodic works in many of the pieces in this portfolio.
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Greenwold, Simon 1973. "In form." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61547.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-116).
Spatial computing is human interaction with a machine in which the machine retains and manipulates referents to real objects and spaces. It is an essential component for making our machines fuller partners in our work and play. This thesis presents a series of experiments in the discipline and analysis of its fundamental properties.
Simon Greenwold.
S.M.
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Pezzoni, J. Daniel. "Town form." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45902.

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American town form consists of primary form - the layout of streets, lots and other features determined for a town at its inception - and secondary form - the fabric of building and usage that a town acquires over time. This thesis explores the primary and secondary form of ante-bellum Western Virginia Towns, and offers several interpretations of the cultural meaning recorded in town form.
Master of Architecture
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Li, Qian. "Ambiguous Form." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/84481.

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This thesis is an exploration of the ambiguous form. "Ambiguous" means having multiple interpretations. Usually, a figurative presentation will direct people to a particular thing. On the contrary, if familiarity is provided as the only way, people can find a deceptive scenario, and associate it with the corresponding space in his or her memory. This happens because the images stored in our minds are not very refined, especially the ones we see but do not remember deliberately. So we can say that the ambiguous form triggers our association and thinking. It could give us more affordance about architectural space. In addition, collage, an art of transforming fragments into a whole, is an essential approach for my thesis. The process involves disintegrating something first, analyzing it, then synthesizing the parts together. It is beautiful
Master of Architecture
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Helms, Brittany Faye. "Finding Form." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461157156.

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Books on the topic "FOCM"

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Form from form. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2018.

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Anderson, Claudine. Form. [Derby]: Derbyshire College of Higher Education, 1988.

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Form. Altadena, Calif: Twin Palms Publishers, 1992.

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Nakell, Martin. Form. New York: Spuyten Duyvil, 2003.

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Foch. Paris: Perrin, 2008.

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Tenorth, Heinz-Elmar. Form der Bildung--Bildung der Form. Weinheim: Beltz Verlag, 2003.

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Ekserova, D. R. Foam and foam films: Theory, experiment, application. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1998.

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Keen, Suzanne. Narrative form. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.

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Keen, Suzanne. Narrative Form. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137439598.

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Lynn, Greg. Animate form. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "FOCM"

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Heiermann, Wolfgang, Richard Riedl, and Martin Rusam. "Form." In Handkommentar zur VOB, 1637–39. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8348-8176-2_110.

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Cornick, Marc. "Foam." In Phenolic Resins: A Century of Progress, 189–208. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04714-5_9.

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Binder, Hartmut. "Form." In »Vor dem Gesetz«, 10–37. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-03471-7_3.

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Grütter, Jörg Kurt. "Form." In Basics of Perception in Architecture, 181–219. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31156-8_6.

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Tervooren, Helmut. "Form." In Sangspruchdichtung, 61–74. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-02804-4_6.

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Bolz, Norbert. "Form." In Goethe Handbuch, 292–94. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-03655-1_96.

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Kennedy, Jessie, and Alan Cannon. "Form." In Encyclopedia of Database Systems, 1–6. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7993-3_166-2.

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Jokisch, Rodrigo. "Form." In Logik der Distinktionen, 47–168. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-10681-4_2.

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Tadros, Tharwat. "Foam." In Encyclopedia of Colloid and Interface Science, 524–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20665-8_90.

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Weik, Martin H. "form." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 629. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_7427.

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Conference papers on the topic "FOCM"

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Hsieh, Kuan-Hsian, Erh-Chung Chen, and Che-Rung Lee. "FOCM: Faster Octave Convolution Using Mix-scaling." In 2021 International Conference on Technologies and Applications of Artificial Intelligence (TAAI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taai54685.2021.00015.

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Yin, Deshun, Hao Wu, Chen Cheng, and YangQuan Chen. "Fractional Order Constitutive Model of Geomaterials Under the Condition of Triaxial Test." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47734.

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Fractional calculus has been successfully applied to characterize the rheological property of viscoelastic materials, however, geomaterials were seldom involved in fractional order constitutive models (FOCM), and the issue of first loading and then unloading is rarely discussed through fractional calculus. It is considered that all materials are arranged in a queue and ideal solid and Newtonian fluid are located at both ends of the queue in FOCM. On the basis of FOCM, stress-strain relation under the condition of first loading and then unloading, besides creep, stress-relaxation and loading of constant strain rate are obtained. The stress-strain relation is utilized to fit triaxial test results of geomaterials under the corresponding conditions. The comparison between the test and fitting results reveals that FOCM can reasonably describe the stress-strain, stress-time or strain-time characteristics of geomaterials, which shows that fractional calculus is a good tool to constitutive model research of geomaterials.
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de Melo, J. P. B. C. "Pion electromagnetic form factor and Fock state components." In PARTICLES AND NUCLEI: Seventeenth Internatinal Conference on Particles and Nuclei. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2220291.

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SCHUBERT, KATRIN. "ON THE GENERAL FORM OF THE INTEGRAL-SIGMA LEMMA IN SYMMETRIC FOCK SPACE." In Proceedings of the 26th Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812770271_0036.

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Salme, Giovanni. "Hadron electromagnetic form factors in the space- and timelike regions and higher Fock states." In LIGHT CONE 2008 Relativistic Nuclear and Particle Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.061.0026.

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Guo, Boyun, Kai Sun, and Ali Ghalambor. "A Closed Form Hydraulics Equation for Predicting Bottom-Hole Pressure in UBD with Foam." In IADC/SPE Underbalanced Technology Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/81640-ms.

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Abe, Takumi, Atsushi Matsubayashi, Yasutoshi Makino, and Hiroyuki Shinoda. "Transducer preselection in ultrasonic phased array to form multiple foci on a non-planar surface." In 2022 IEEE Haptics Symposium (HAPTICS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/haptics52432.2022.9765574.

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Horváth, Imre, Joris S. M. Vergeest, and Imre Juhász. "Finding the Shape of a Flexible Blade for Free-Form Layered Manufacturing of Plastic Foam Objects." In ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc98/dfm-5752.

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Abstract The need for rapid, cost-effective and finish-less manufacturing of large sized, sculptured, physical models from various soft materials is increasing in several fields. For objects fabricated from plastic foams an advantageous approach is free-form, thick-layered manufacturing. Although it is technologically demanding, to achieve the best results (a) computer definition of the geometry has to be accurate, (b) the geometric model has to be directly sliced, (c) higher order approximation of the nominal shape is necessary, and (d) a quasi-free-form working out of the front surfaces of the layers is needed. The authors have developed the mathematical and/or technological fundamentals and process of free-form cutting based on heated flexible blades. The shape and the relative positions of the flexible blade are controlled continually as needed by the normal curvatures of the front faces of the layers. The paper elaborates on the computation methods for physically-based and geometrically-based modeling of flexible blades. The algorithms for approximating curve generation and curve matching are also presented. The paper extends to some of the most important aspects of the global thick-layered fabrication process.
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Durian, Douglas, and Gregory Zimmerli. "Foam Optics and Mechanics (FOAM)." In 2001 Conference and Exhibit on International Space Station Utilization. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-4961.

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Zarzycki, Andrzej. "Form-making Without Form Making." In ACADIA 2011: Integration Through Computation. ACADIA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.x.j8k.

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Reports on the topic "FOCM"

1

Dzmanashvili, I. The "create-form" and "edit-form" Link Relations. RFC Editor, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6861.

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Gavin, William T., and Rachel J. Mandal. Evaluating FOMC Forecasts. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2001.005.

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Neilsen, Michael K., Wei-Yang Lu, Brian T. Werner, William M. Scherzinger, and Chi S. Lo. Flexible Foam Model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1426546.

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Moffat, Harry K., David R. Noble, Thomas A. Baer, Douglas Brian Adolf, Rekha Ranjana Rao, and Lisa Ann Mondy. Foam process models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/942055.

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DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON DC. The Use of DD Form 2766 and DD Form 2766C. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402378.

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Taylor, L. L., and R. Shikashio. Waste form product characteristics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/147735.

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Randolph, Sierra. Trans?form|mogrify|mutate. Portland State University Library, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.167.

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Dresselhaus-Cooper, Leora. PAL Experimental Report Form. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1630409.

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A. Schenker. Miscellaneous Waste-Form FEPs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/837102.

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Roberts, C. D. Electromagnetic pion form factor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/166444.

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