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Journal articles on the topic 'Foliage production'
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1
Poole, R. T., and C. A. Conover. "PRODUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL FOLIAGE PLANTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 246 (September 1989): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1989.246.16.
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Stamps, Robert H., and Charles A. Conover. "Cut Foliage Production in Florida." HortScience 21, no. 2 (1986): 178–339. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.2.178.
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Abstract Cut foliage (florists' greens) production in Florida has been increasing rapidly in recent years and has more than doubled in the last 6 years. Estimates place the wholesale crop value at $86 million for the 1984-1985 season. Domestic North American shipments, which accounted for about 84% of all shipments during the 1984—1985 season, have increased an average of about 17% per year for the last 7 years. Shipments to Europe account for the remaining 16% and increased at a rate of about 10% per year over that same period, but have actually declined slightly in recent years due in part to the strength of the U.S. dollar and to increasing competition from other countries.
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Krafka, Brenda D. L., C. Richard Shumway, and David W. Reed. "Space Allocation in Foliage Production Greenhouses." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 7, no. 3 (1989): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-7.3.95.
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Abstract A profit-maximizing linear programming model of a typical Rio Grande Valley foliage plant operation was developed to allocate finish-house space among alternative combinations of plants. This model accounted for seasonal changes in both market prices and growth rates of foliage plants. It was written to permit solution by microcomputer. The model may also aid foliage producers in making marketing and capital budgeting decisions by providing marginal revenue and cost estimates under varying crop rotations and product mixes.
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Fowler, A. C., Oliver Clary, and Tiina Roose. "A dynamic model of annual foliage growth and carbon uptake in trees." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 6, no. 40 (2009): 1087–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2009.0010.
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The growth of trees and other plants occurs through the interactive combination of photosynthesis and carbon (and other nutrient) assimilation. Photosynthesis enables the production of carbohydrate that can then be used in growing foliage, whereby photosynthesis is enabled. We construct a mathematical model of carbon uptake and storage, which allows the prediction of the growth dynamics of trees. We find that the simplest model allows uncontrolled foliage production through the positive feedback outlined above, but that leaf shading provides an automatic saturation to carbon assimilation, and hence to foliage production. The model explains the necessity for finite leaf area production at outbreak, and it explains why foliage density reaches a constant value during a growing season, while also non-leaf tissue also continues to grow. It also explains why trees will die when their carbon stores are depleted below a certain threshold, because the cost of foliage growth and maintenance exceeds the dynamic supply of carbon by photosynthesis.
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Stamps, Robert H. "REDUCING WATER USE DURING CUT FOLIAGE PRODUCTION." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1183b—1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1183b.
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As the area devoted to cut foliage production has increased and residential development has encroached upon these agricultural areas, conflicts between growers and homeowners have increased. Withdrawals of water for cold protection produce severe reductions of local artesian levels which render domestic wells inoperative and lowered lake levels have made some boat docks useless. Overhead sprinkler irrigation has been used for irrigation and cold protection of cut foliage crops since the 1960's. Using water application rates of about 0.84 cm·hr-1 growers were able to reliably supply product on a year-round basis. Water management district developed regulations mandate that certain water saving methods be implemented prior to the issuance or renewal of consumptive use permits and limit water application rates for cold protection to 0.56 cm·hr-1 under certain circumstances. Research on irrigation scheduling and various cold protection strategies have and are being conducted to allow further reductions in water use during the production of cut foliage crops.
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Stamps, Robert H. "Reducing Water Use during Cut-foliage Production." HortScience 28, no. 4 (1993): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.4.287.
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Oliva-Hernández, Jorge, Isis Molina-Salas, María López-Herrera, and Alejandra Vélez-Izquierdo. "Yield and chemical composition of foliage and branches of tropical tree legumes with different trunk diameters." Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia 42, no. 1 (2025): e254209. https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v42.n1.ix.
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Erythrina americana Miller and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp., are tree legumes presents on livestock farms in the tropical region, mainly on living fences. The goal of the study was to determine the influence of tree legume species (TLS), and of the trunk diameter at base tree (TDB), on production and chemical composition of foliage and branches at a similar regrowth age. The study was conducted in Tabasco, Mexico. Seventy-nine trees were used in a completely randomised design with a 2 X 5 factorial arrangement. The factors were TLS (E. americana y G. sepium), and TDB at 0.20 m height above ground level (D-5: 0.050-0.059 m; D-6: 0.060-0.069 m; D-7: 0.070-0.079 m; D-8: 0.080-0.089 m y D-9: 0.090-0.099 m). The production per tree of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and ash, of foliage and branches were the response variables. The STL x DBT interaction did not affect (P>0.05) the response variables studied in the foliage and branches. In foliage, the TLS and TDB affected the production per tree of DM, CP, ADF, and ash (P<0.01). G. sepium produced a greater amount of DM and the different components assessed than E. americana. An increase in TDB resulted in higher DM production and the components studied in foliage and branches. G. sepium produces foliage with higher CP and lower structural carbohydrate content than E. americana foliage.
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Ishii, Hiroaki, E. David Ford, and C. Elaine Dinnie. "The role of epicormic shoot production in maintaining foliage in old Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) trees II. Basal reiteration from older branch axes." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 9 (2002): 916–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-080.
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Basal reiteration (epicormic shoot production from older branch axes) occurred continuously and repeatedly in branches of 450-year-old Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii (coastal Douglas-fir) trees reproducing sections of branches comprising less than 100 to as many as 10 000 foliated shoots. Basal reiteration occurred mostly from primary and secondary branch axes but also occurred from higher-order axes if lower-order axes had died back. Basal reiteration occurred in distal sections of upper-crown branches, while it occurred in more proximal sections of middle- and lower-crown branches, indicating that basal reiteration works to distribute foliage more uniformly within branches that have reached maximum size. Basal reiteration occurred repeatedly producing two to six generations of reiterated axes within branches. Less than 22.5% of foliated shoots on branches were produced by sequential branching of the primary axis. Basal reiteration also maintained a constant rate of new shoot production within the branch. Growth-ring analysis showed that basal reiteration occurred over a wide range of axis ages (558 years). In conjunction with previous studies, we showed that adaptive reiteration of various architectural units by epicormic shoot production is an inherent process that maintains foliage in the crown of old P. menziesii trees.Key words: branch growth, branching pattern, crown maintenance, longevity.
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Nair, Sujatha, R. H. Laxman, and Sangama. "Effect of spectral manipulation and seasonal variations on cut foliage production and quality of Philodendron (Philodendron ‘Xanadu’)." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 16, no. 1 (2021): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.2021.v16i01.012.
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Influence of spectral manipulation of light using coloured nets and seasonal variation on cut foliage yield and quality of Philodendron ‘Xanadu’ was evaluated under red, green, white and black coloured shade nets permitting light intensities ranging from 240.50 to 370μ mol m-2 s-1 (75% shade net), for two consecutive years from 2014-16, at ICARIIHR, Bengaluru. The plants grown under white shade net (75% shade) resulted in higher foliage production plant-1month-1 (14.53) and were on par with those grown under green shade net. The quality of the cut foliage in plants grown under white shade net with respect to stalk length (24.91 cm) and width of the lamina (5.19 cm) was on par with those under green and black shade nets. Coloured shade nets did not influence the vase life of the cut foliage. Developmental stages of the foliage under the different coloured nets have indicated that leaves attained the harvestable maturity stage at 29.92 days post-emergence under white shade. Cultivation of Philodendron ‘Xanadu’ under white shade resulted in maximum cut foliage yield and quality.
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Nair, Sujatha, R. H. Laxman, and Sangama. "Effect of spectral manipulation and seasonal variations on cut foliage production and quality of Philodendron (Philodendron ‘Xanadu’)." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 16, no. 1 (2021): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v16i1.1126.
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Influence of spectral manipulation of light using coloured nets and seasonal variation on cut foliage yield and quality of Philodendron ‘Xanadu’ was evaluated under red, green, white and black coloured shade nets permitting light intensities ranging from 240.50 to 370μ mol m-2 s-1 (75% shade net), for two consecutive years from 2014-16, at ICARIIHR, Bengaluru. The plants grown under white shade net (75% shade) resulted in higher foliage production plant-1month-1 (14.53) and were on par with those grown under green shade net. The quality of the cut foliage in plants grown under white shade net with respect to stalk length (24.91 cm) and width of the lamina (5.19 cm) was on par with those under green and black shade nets. Coloured shade nets did not influence the vase life of the cut foliage. Developmental stages of the foliage under the different coloured nets have indicated that leaves attained the harvestable maturity stage at 29.92 days post-emergence under white shade. Cultivation of Philodendron ‘Xanadu’ under white shade resulted in maximum cut foliage yield and quality.
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Mortley, D. G., J. Y. Lu, P. Grant, and G. W. Carver. "EFFECT OF FOLIAGE REMOVAL FOR USE AS A GREEN VEGETABLE ON GROWTH OF GEORGIA RED PEANUT S." HortScience 28, no. 4 (1993): 270H—270. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.4.270h.
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The effect of periodic removal of peanut foliage for use as a green vegetable on final foliage and nut production was evaluated in a field experiment in the summer of 1992. Georgia Red peanut cultivar was grown in Norfolk sandy loam soil in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of removing peanut foliage at 2, 4, and 6 weeks, starting six weeks after planting, and an untreated check. Fresh foliage yield declined an average of 30% while dry weight declined 34% when harvested at 2 and 4 weeks. Nut yield declined 33% when harvested at 2 and 4 weeks but yield decreased only 10% when harvested at 6 weeks. Peanut greens are highly nutritious especially as a rich source of vitamin C and protein. For good balance between foliage and nut production, it appears that harvest intervals should be after four weeks.
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Campbell, E. S., and C. A. Taylor. "Monoterpene Production in Redberry Juniper Foliage Following Fire." Rangeland Ecology & Management 60, no. 1 (2007): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/04-160r2.1.
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Chen, Jianjun, and Richard J. Henny. "Commercial Production of Ornamental Tropical Foliage Plants: Micropropagation." EDIS 2015, no. 5 (2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-ep520-2015.
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Florida nursery operators need to understand plant propagation principles and techniques so they can grow enough plants for sale. Micropropagation is a way to culture plant tissue to rapidly propagate a large number of plants. This 4-page fact sheet presents an overview of micropropagation to help growers evaluate it as a propagation technique for their own nursery operations. Written by J. Chen and R. J. Henny, and published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, May 2015. (Photo: J. Chen, UF/IFAS)
 ENH1259/EP520: Commercial Production of Ornamental Tropical Foliage Plants: Micropropagation (ufl.edu)
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Nichols, Thomas J. "Selecting Foliage and Growth Variables for Relating Insect Defoliation to Coniferous Tree Growth." Forest Science 34, no. 1 (1988): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/34.1.236.
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Abstract Correlations between estimators of foliage levels and basal area growth were compared for use in regression equations relating western spruce budworm defoliation to growth on 192 Douglas-fir and grand fir trees. Foliage terms that included one- to four-year-old foliage had the highest correlations, and adjusting foliage estimates to account for decreased foliage production improved correlations. Calibrations from a stand growth model predicting nondefoliated growth yielded the most precise estimates, as did adjusting growth estimates for annual weather impacts using a model including soil and weather factors. For. Sci. 34(1):236-242.
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Arboleya, Jorge E., Joseph G. Masabni, Michael G. Particka, and Bernard H. Zandstra. "Identification of Preharvest Desiccants for Use in Onion Production." HortTechnology 15, no. 4 (2005): 808–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.4.0808.
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Dry bulb onion (Allium cepa) leaves may not dry down normally and bulbs may not attain dormancy during adverse growing seasons. An effective method of artificial leaf desiccation is needed to complement mechanical harvesting and onion conditioning for storage. Desiccants were tested in 1993, 1994, 1995, 2001, 2002, 2003 on onion leaves prior to harvest, and bulb quality was evaluated after 5 months or more of storage. Carfentrazone, diquat, and paraquat desiccated onion foliage well but increased bulb rot and reduced the percentage of marketable bulbs after storage. Bromoxynil and endothall desiccated onion foliage significantly without inducing rot or reducing the percentage of marketable bulbs. Copper sulfate and pelargonic acid increased desiccation of onion foliage but were not sufficiently effective for field use. Neither reduced the percentage of marketable bulbs. If bromoxynil or endothall were labelled for onion desiccation, they could be applied 10-14 days before harvest to enhance natural leaf senescence and facilitate mechanical harvest.
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Fyles, James W., George H. La Roi, and Robert A. Ellis. "Litter production in Pinusbanksiana dominated stands in northern Alberta." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16, no. 4 (1986): 772–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x86-137.
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Tree and shrub litter production was measured over 2 years in 12 jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) and 2 white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) dominated stands located in the Hondo – Slave Lake and Athabasca Oil Sands areas of north central and northeastern Alberta. Annual and daily production rates were calculated for foliage (by species), male cones, and structural material (bark, twigs). Annual litter fall weights were typical of those measured in other boreal regions and were correlated with stand basal area. Seasonal patterns in daily production rates suggested that three classes of control factors were involved in determining litter fall rates within a stand. Random factors, such as weather, and chronic factors, such as insect or disease activity, contolled foliage and structural litter through most of the year. Predictable seasonal factors relating to plant physiological state controlled autumn foliage litter fall in deciduous and most coniferous species and production of male cone litter in early summer.
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Rihn, Alicia, Hayk Khachatryan, Benjamin Campbell, Charles Hall, and Bridget Behe. "Consumer Response to Novel Indoor Foliage Plant Attributes: Evidence from a Conjoint Experiment and Gaze Analysis." HortScience 50, no. 10 (2015): 1524–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.10.1524.
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A rating-based conjoint experiment combined with eye-tracking analysis was used to investigate the effect of plant attributes on consumer purchase likelihood for indoor foliage plants. The experiment assessed the effects of plant type (Dracaena marginata Lam., Guzmania lingulata, or Spathiphyllum wallisii Regel), volatile organic compound (VOC) removal capacity (high, low, or none specified), price ($10.98–14.98/plant), production method [certified organic, organic production (not certified), or conventional], and origin (in-state, domestic, or imported) on consumer preferences. An ordered logit model was used to analyze the data. Organic production methods, in-state origin, domestic origin, and high VOC removal increased participants’ purchase likelihood. Visually attending to the highest price point ($14.98) increased consumers’ purchase likelihood. Age, gender, child (<12 years), pet, relationship status, education, and ethnicity affected participants’ purchase likelihood for indoor foliage plants. Purchasing barriers for indoor foliage plants are also discussed. Results have implications for indoor foliage plant growers and retailers as they produce, promote, and sell their products.
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Moniruzzaman, M., MM Rahman, MM Hossain, AJM Sirajul Karim, and QA Khaliq. "Effect of seed rate and sowing method on foliage production of different genotypes of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 38, no. 3 (2013): 435–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i3.16970.
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A field experiment on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during February 2009 to April 2009 to find out the optimum seed rate in relation to sowing methods for maximizing foliage yield of coriander. Four genotypes (CS001, CS002, CS003 and CS008) and three sowing methods (continuous line sowing spaced at 10 cm, 20 cm and broadcast method) and three levels of seed rate (30, 40 and 50 kg/ha) were used as treatment variables.. The result showed that genotype CS003 singly gave the maximum plant height, number of leaves/plant, single plant weight and plant weight/m2 and thus gave the highest foliage yield/ha. Line sowing (10 cm), broadcast method with seed rate @ 50 kg/ha independently produced the maximum foliage weight/m2 and foliage yield/ha. Line sowing (10 cm) with 50 kg/ha seed rate produced the highest foliage yield in case of CS001, CS002 and CS003 genotypes, which was closely followed by broadcast method and the same seed rate. But line sowing (10 cm) as well as broadcast method coupled with 40 kg/ha seed rate gave better foliage yield in genotype CS008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i3.16970 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(3): 435-445, September 2013
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Mitchell, A. K., H. J. Barclay, H. Brix, D. F. W. Pollard, R. Benton, and R. deJong. "Biomass and nutrient element dynamics in Douglas-fir: effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization over 18 years." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 3 (1996): 376–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-042.
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The effects of thinning (two-thirds of basal area removed) and N fertilization (448 kg N/ha as urea) on biomass and nutrition of a 24-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stand at Shawnigan Lake were studied over 18 years. At years 0, 9, and 18 after treatments, the aboveground biomass and N, P, K, Ca, and Mg contents of stemwood, stem bark, foliage, and dead and live branches were determined (kg/ha), and increments in these properties (kg•ha−1•year−1) were calculated for the 0–9 and 9–18 year periods. Foliar biomass was increased by both treatments during the first period and also by thinning in the second period. Aboveground net primary production (ANPP) per unit of foliage biomass (foliage efficiency) was increased by treatments in the 0–9 year period. The combined effects of increased foliage mass and foliage efficiency resulted in increased total biomass production. Thinning and fertilization increased the uptake of all elements except for P with fertilization. This increase may have contributed to the long-term increase in stem growth. Retranslocation of elements before foliage shedding was important for tree nutrition, but was not improved by fertilization during the 9–18 year measurement period. The efficiency of N use in dry matter production (ANPP/unit of N uptake) was decreased by fertilization. This implied that poor sites would respond better to fertilization than rich sites.
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Henny, R. J., J. Chen, and D. J. Norman. "`Sterling' Dieffenbachia." HortScience 41, no. 5 (2006): 1356. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.5.1356.
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Species and cultivars of Dieffenbachia Schott. (Araceae Juss.) have been important ornamental foliage plants for many decades. Their attractive foliar variegation, adaptability to interior environments, and ease of production are major reasons for their importance as ornamental foliage plants. Approximately 20 cultivars are commercially produced in Florida. Previously, most new cultivars were clones introduced from the wild or chance mutations of existing cultivars. Currently, cultivars are introduced into production from plant breeding programs (Henny 1995a, b; Henny and Chen, 2003; Henny et al., 1987). The hybrid Dieffenbachia `Sterling' was developed by the tropical foliage plant breeding program at the Mid-Florida Research and Education Center.
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Grier, Charles C. "Foliage loss due to snow, wind, and winter drying damage: its effects on leaf biomass of some western conifer forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 9 (1988): 1097–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-168.
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Damage to forest canopies by wind, snow, or winter desiccation significantly reduced stand leaf biomass and area below "steady-state" levels in several western coniferous forests. Leaf biomass of 12 different western conifer forests sampled for an average of 4 years was reduced by as much as 36.3, 34.5, and 42.2% by single wind damage, snow breakage, or winter desiccation events, respectively, during the sampling interval. Foliage loss exceeded annual foliage production as estimated from leaf litterfall in about half the stands where damage occurred. Production efficiency (Mg dry matter•ha−1•year−1•Mg−1 foliage) by remaining foliage appeared to increase after damage. Based on the data available, major canopy damage appears to occur at roughly 9- to 16-year intervals in western coniferous forests. However, this canopy damage is epidosic and unpredictable. Such damage adds an additional measure of uncertainty to forest productivity models.
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David, P. P., C. K. Bonsi, E. Bonsi, R. D. Pace, O. Clark, and L. C. Garner Carva. "EFFECTS OF SEQUENTIAL FOLIAGE TOPPING ON YIELD OF TWO SWEETPOTATO CULTIVARS." HortScience 28, no. 4 (1993): 266D—266. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.4.266d.
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The effects of sequential foliage topping on two sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam cvs Georgia Jet, TU-82-18921 cultivars were investigated in a field trial. Three initial foliage cuttings (15 cm cutting from the growing tip) were initialed at 45.60 and 75 days after planting (DAP). Each initial cutting date was followed by zero, one or two cuttings at biweekly intervals. Total storage root yields were not affected by cutting treatments regardless of the cultivar investigated. Both cultivars differed in their response in dry matter accumulation, while Georgia Jet was not affected by cutting treatments, TU-82-1892 accumulated less dry matter when foliage tips were removed twice during the growth cycle (75.90 DAP) compared to all other cutting treatments. The amount of foliage tips removed from each cultivar differed significantly over all treatment levels with Georgia Jet producing more foliage tips than TU-82-1892. However. production of foliage tips for both cultivars was greatest when foliage cutting was delayed until 75 DAP.
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Sassaqui, Adriano Ribeiro, Tainara Ferreira da Silva Terena, and Edilson Costa. "Protected environments and substrates for production of genipap seedlings." Acta Amazonica 43, no. 2 (2013): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0044-59672013000200003.
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Genipap (Genipa americana L., Rubiaceae ) is a native Brazilian species and can be used in the recovery of degraded forest areas or for food supply. In order for the species to reach its potential, production of high quality seedlings is essential. The objective of this study was to evaluate genipap seedlings in protected environments and different substrates. The environments tested were: (1) a greenhouse with polyethylene film in the top, with aluminized screen (Aliminet®) of 50%-shading under this film, and lateral sides covered with 50%-shading nylon net (Sombrite®), (2) a shaded hut, all sides covered with 50%-shading nylon net (Sombrite®), and (3) a nursery shelter, with all lateral sides uncovered and the roof covered with leaves of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa). In these environments the following substrates were tested: 50% cattle manure + 50% cassava foliage, 50% cattle manure + 50% Vida Verde®, 50% cattle manure + 50% vermiculite, and 25% cattle manure + 25% vermiculite + 25% of cassava foliage + 25% Vida Verde®. Because there was no repetition of the growth environment, the effect of environment was examined using statistical procedures for analysis of combined experiments. Within environments a completely randomized design was used with five replications. All substrates are suitable for the formation of genipap seedlings, where the recommended substrates are: 50% cattle manure + 50% cassava foliage and 50% cattle manure + 50% Vida Verde® for the greenhouse and the substrates composed of 50% cattle manure + 50% vermiculite and 25% cattle manure + 25% cassava foliage + 25% Vida Verde®+ 25% vermiculite for the shaded hut. The buriti shelter is not recommended for production of genipap seedlings.
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Moniruzzaman, M., MM Rahman, MM Hossain, AJM Sirajul Karim, and QA Khaliq. "Effect Of Sowing Dates On Year Round Production Of Foliage Of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 38, no. 1 (2013): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i1.15187.
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Four genotypes of coriander (CS001, CS002, CS003, and CS004) were planted at twenty different dates starting from 01 March 2008 at 15 days interval to 15 February 2009 at the research farm of the Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur to assess the genotypes for year round production of foliage of coriander. It revealed that the number of plants/m2 and foliage yield/ha decreased with the increase of temperature. The 01 January 2009 sowing gave the maximum foliage yield (6.38 t/ha) followed by 01 December 2008 sowing (6.05 t/ha). The genotype CS003 was the best yielder followed by CS001 and CS002. Performances of genotypes were the poorest during hot periods i.e. 01 April 2008 to 01 October 2008. The genotypes CS001, CS002 and CS003 performed better with regard to foliage production from 01 September 2008 to 15 February 2009 and in 15 March 2008, while the genotype CS008 gave better result from 15 October 2008 to 01 February 2009. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(1): 29-39, March 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i1.15187
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Wu, Yuanyuan, David A. MacLean, Chris Hennigar, and Anthony R. Taylor. "Interactions among defoliation level, species, and soil richness determine foliage production during and after simulated spruce budworm attack." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 50, no. 6 (2020): 565–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0449.
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Defoliation level and site type are thought to influence tree response during spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens)) outbreaks. We determined the effects of four manual defoliation treatments (0%, 50%, 100%, and 100% + bud removal of current foliage) for 3 years on foliage production of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.), and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) trees on four site-quality classes. After 3 years of defoliation and 2 years of recovery, foliage biomass was reduced by 34%–98%. During defoliation, the number of shoots generally increased and shoot length of spruce generally decreased, especially on rich sites. During recovery, the number of shoots increased substantially, shoot length decreased, and bud destruction reduced the number of shoots by about 50% compared with that of trees that received the 100% defoliation treatment. Defoliation did not substantially affect needle length. Trees on rich sites had two- to fourfold greater foliage production than trees on poor sites. Effects of site and defoliation differed among species, but site quality, especially nutrition, played an important role in production of shoots and needles and the tree’s ability to withstand defoliation. Black spruce had more limited ability to recover foliage biomass, only producing more shoots, whereas balsam fir and white spruce had stronger ability to recover needle and shoot length, respectively.
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NAIR, SUJATHA A., R. H. LAXMAN, and SANGAMA SANGAMA. "Influence of coloured shade nets and seasons on production and quality of cut foliage of leather leaf fern (Rumohra adiantiformis)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 8 (2020): 1434–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i8.105938.
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Leather leaf fern [Rumohra adiantiformis (G forst) Ching.] was grown under red, green, white and black coloured shade nets permitting light intensities ranging from 240.50 to 370 μ mol m-2 s-1 (75% shade net), for two consecutive years from 2014-16, at ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru. The influence of coloured nets and the season on cut foliage yield and quality were evaluated. Developmental stages of the fronds under the different coloured nets were also studied. Fronds attained the harvestable maturity stage at 33 days post emergence under red shade net, whereas it took 31.5 days under green shade net. The plants cultivated under red shade net (75% shade) resulted in higher foliage production/plant/ month (6.60) while it was on par with black shade nets in terms of quality of the foliage with respect to length of lamina (24.90 cm) and frond width (17.77 cm). The vase life of the cut foliage grown under red shade net was 47.6 days. Cultivation of leather leaf fern under red shade resulted in maximum cut foliage yield, quality and post harvest life.
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Andersen, Christian P., Samuel B. McLaughlin, and W. Kelly Roy. "A comparison of seasonal patterns of photosynthate production and use in branches of red spruce saplings at two elevations." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 4 (1991): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-061.
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Seasonal patterns of carbon transport from 14C-labeled foliage were examined in red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.) branches at 1935 and 1720 m elevations in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park to characterize possible physiological mechanisms underlying the observed reductions in growth at high elevations. Current and 1-year-old foliage was labeled on 5- to 7-year-old branches of sapling-sized trees in June, August, and October. Retention of 14C was measured after 24 h, and allocation to other branch segments was characterized after 7 days. Total 14C-labeled carbon assimilation was greater in current than in 1-year-old foliage throughout the growing season. This suggests that photosynthetic capacity is high in developing foliage prior to needle maturity and remains high during the first growing season. In August, 14C retention in labeled foliage was less at the higher than at the lower elevation site, possibly reflecting increased respiratory losses that had been previously reported at the higher site. Retention of 14C in current-year shoots as a percent of 14C remaining after 7 days, a measure of sink strength, was high at both sites in June and remained high throughout the season in current-year shoots at the higher elevation site. The relatively high sink activity coupled with the large apportionment of biomass to current-year shoots (19.9 and 26.7% of total branch biomass at the lower and higher elevation sites, respectively) may make red spruce particularly susceptible to stresses such as winter injury that affect young foliage. In addition, the relatively greater sink activity of current-year shoots at the higher elevation site in August and October suggests that the contribution of current-year foliage to overall tree growth may be less at the higher than at the lower elevation site.
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Burke, Marianne K., Dudley J. Raynal, and Myron J. Mitchell. "Soil nitrogen availability influences seasonal carbon allocation patterns in sugar maple (Acersaccharum)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 4 (1992): 447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-059.
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The influence of soil N availability on growth, on seasonal C allocation patterns, and on sulfate-S content in sugar maple seedlings (Acersaccharum Marsh.) was tested experimentally. Relative to controls, the production of foliage doubled in response to high N availability, and the production of foliage, stems, coarse roots, and fine roots was halved in response to N deprivation. The period of foliage production was lengthened by fertilization and the period of fine root production was shortened by N deprivation compared with controls. In August, a shift in priority C allocation from foliage to roots occurred in the N-deprivation treatment. Therefore, during this month alone, the shoot to root ratio was greater in fertilized plants (1.0) than in N-deprived plants (0.5). Allocation to storage reserves was highest in N-deprived and lowest in fertilized plants (average 160 vs. 125 mg glucose/g biomass produced), and storage in roots of unfertilized plants commenced earlier (August) than in fertilized plants (after September). This resulted in unfertilized plants having higher fine root starch concentrations (5.2%) than fertilized plants (4.0%) in December, although sugar concentrations were similar (5.7%). The lengthened season of shoot growth and the low starch to sugar ratios in fine roots of fertilized plants are symptoms consistent with a higher risk of frost injury and microbial pathogen infection. Although soil N availability did not influence the sulfate-S content in foliage, N deprivation resulted in higher organic S to N ratios. This suggests that more S-containing proteins are produced when N availability is poor.
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Yoder, B. J., M. G. Ryan, R. H. Waring, A. W. Schoettle, and M. R. Kaufmann. "Evidence of Reduced Photosynthetic Rates in Old Trees." Forest Science 40, no. 3 (1994): 513–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/40.3.513.
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Abstract Wood production generally declines as forests age. The decrease in production has been attributed to higher respiration associated with increasing biomass, but direct measurements fail to support this assumption. An alternate hypothesis is that the growth decline is caused by reduced net photosynthesis. To test this hypothesis, we compared the net photosynthetic rates of foliage from trees that had ceased height growth with foliage from actively growing, mature trees. Results showed that net photosynthesis per unit area of 1-yr-old foliage from old Pinus contorta and P. ponderosa averaged 14-30% lower than the same-aged foliage from younger trees. Computer simulations from a previous study indicated that differences of this magnitude are sufficient to explain the lower wood production in old trees. The cause of the photosynthetic decline is not clear, but it did not appear to be due to a reduction in the maximum capacity for photosynthesis. Ratios of stable carbon isotopes from leaves and wood indicated a greater stomatal limitation of photosynthesis in older trees. A possible relationship between lower hydraulic conductance in the vascular systems of older trees leading to greater stomatal closure is discussed. For. Sci. 40(3):513-527.
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Rojas Burgos, Efrén Eduardo. "Los ODS y el riesgo ambiental en la producción de follajes en la provincia del Tequendama (Colombia)." HUMAN REVIEW. International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional De Humanidades 14, no. 2 (2022): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.37819/revhuman.v14i2.1205.
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The article presents an analysis on the incorporation of the SDGs in the production of foliage and the chemical risk to which workers are exposed due to the use of agrochemicals in production, through a documentary review and an anova analysis. The objective focuses on the characterization of producers and the incorporation of the SDGs into the logistics processes of foliage production to mitigate the environmental impact. The research reflects that 83% of the population under study is unaware of the SDGs; hence, the importance of creating programs that train entrepreneurs in sustainable development
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Wedgwood, R. B. "Control of berry production of potato plants." Journal of Agricultural Science 110, no. 1 (1988): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600079661.
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SummaryA trial to investigate possibilities of berry control by cultivation depth is described. Tubers planted at 10 cm produced significantly more potato plants in flower than those planted at 30 cm at the commencement of flowering. However, 3 weeks later the difference in numbers of flowers had disappeared. Emergence of overwintered tubers was about 53%, and of spring-planted tubers about 97%. Depth of planting did not affect emergence. A comparison of overwintered and spring-planted potato tubers showed earlier flowering and berry production by the overwintered tubers of about 1 week on average compared with the spring-planted tubers.Six chemical treatments were compared at different concentrations and growth stages of potatoes and peas to assess potential control of berry production in potato volunteers growing in a vining pea crop.Best control was found to be achieved with a combination of 4-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy) butyric acid (MCPB) at 8300 mg a.i./l and Bentazone at 7300 mg a.i./l applied with the potato volunteers at full foliage to flowering stage, and before the pea crop reached the flowering bud stage, or by application of MCPB alone at 8300 mg a.i./l with the potato plants at full foliage to the pre-flowering stage. No chemical treatment either totally destroyed potato foliage, or completely suppressed potato flower and berry production, but it is argued that growers may reduce the effects considerably by careful observation and use of the appropriate chemical at the appropriate time.
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WARMAN, TIMOTHY W., and THEOPHANES SOLOMOS. "Ethylene Production and Action during Foliage Senescence inHedera helixL." Journal of Experimental Botany 39, no. 6 (1988): 685–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/39.6.685.
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Hossain, Md Sadek, M. Mofazzal Hossain, M. Moynul Haque, Md Mahabubul Haque, and Md Dulal Sarkar. "Varietal Evaluation of Potato Microtuber and Plantlet in Seed Tuber Production." International Journal of Agronomy 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7520297.
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Diamant, Asterix, and Granola varieties differed significantly in foliage coverage, plant height, and yield. They produced lower graded minituber (67.62%, 78.16% ha−1, and 66.27% of Asterix, Granola, and Diamant varieties, resp.) as per seed rule of the National Seed Board of Bangladesh, while foliage coverage (74.38%) was the maximum in Diamant. Microtuber in field condition showed the maximum survivability, plant height, foliage coverage, number of stems plant−1, and SPAD value as well as yield of minituber compared to plantlet. On the contrary, microtuber derived plants of the three varieties gave the maximum yield (20.49 t ha−1, 19.12 t/ha−1, and 19.98 t ha−1 of Asterix, Granola, and Diamant varieties, resp.) and it was the minimum in plants of plantlets derived from all varieties (9.50 t ha−1, 7.88 t ha−1, and 9.70 t ha−1 of Asterix, Granola, and Diamant varieties, resp.). Microtuber derived plants produced a minimum percentage of <28 mm size of minituber compared to plantlet derived plants in case of all varieties.
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Bauce, Éric. "One and two years impact of commercial thinning on spruce budworm feeding ecology and host tree foliage production and chemistry." Forestry Chronicle 72, no. 4 (1996): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc72393-4.
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Field rearing experiments of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), were conducted in conjunction with foliar chemical analyses, one and two years after a commercial thinning (removal of 25% stand basal area) in a 50-year-old balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., stand. The first year after thinning, spruce budworm larvae reared on the residual trees developed five days faster and removed 43% more foliage than those reared on control trees, but in the second year they developed two days faster and removed 37% more foliage. The increase in larval development rate was related to an increase in foliar soluble sugars while a reduction in foliar monoterpenes caused by the thinning apparently accounted for the greater amount of foliage ingested by the larvae. The first year after thinning, trees were more vulnerable to spruce budworm because there was no increase in foliage production and the trees were more heavily defoliated. However, in the second year trees were less vulnerable to the insect because there was an increase in foliage production that exceeded the increase in defoliation, hence a net gain in foliage. Results from this study showed that commercial thinning could reduce the vulnerability of balsam fir trees to spruce budworm if thinning is conducted two years prior to budworm outbreak, but the same silvicultural procedure could increase the vulnerability to the insect if it is conducted during an outbreak. Key words: spruce budworm, balsam fir, chemistry, thinning, defoliation
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Wang, Yin-Tung. "Influence of Ancymidol on Growth and Interior Quality of Syngonium podophyllum ‘White Butterfly’." HortScience 22, no. 5 (1987): 959–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.22.5.959.
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Abstract Compared to floriculture crops, relatively little research has evaluated the effects of growth retardants on production and interior quality of foliage plant species. Ancymidol decreased intemode length in several foliage plant species (1–3), but not china green or dieffenbachia (3). Ancymidol improved interior performance of Epipremnum aureum and Pilea depressa (2). This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of ancymidol on growth of Syngonium podophyllum ‘White Butterfly’ in production and simulated interior conditions.
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Konôpka, Bohdan, Jozef Pajtík, Vladimír Šebeň, Peter Surový, and Katarína Merganičová. "Woody and Foliage Biomass, Foliage Traits and Growth Efficiency in Young Trees of Four Broadleaved Tree Species in a Temperate Forest." Plants 10, no. 10 (2021): 2155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102155.
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The main goal of this study is to analyse and interpret interspecific differences in foliage biomass/area and woody parts biomass as well as the ratio between quantities of foliage and woody components (i.e., branches, stem and roots). The study was principally aimed at determining basic biomass allocation patterns and growth efficiency (GE) of four broadleaved species, specifically common aspen (Populus tremula L.), European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) in young growth stages. We performed whole-tree sampling at 32 sites located in central and northern parts of Slovakia. We sampled over 700 trees and nearly 4900 leaves to quantify biomass of woody parts and foliage traits at leaf and tree levels. Moreover, we estimated specific leaf area in three parts of the crown, i.e., the upper, middle and lower thirds. We found that hornbeam had the largest foliage biomass and the lowest foliage area of all investigated species, while its biomass of woody parts did not differ from aspen and sycamore. Birch had the lowest biomass of woody parts, although its foliage properties were similar to those of aspen. Intraspecific differences of foliage were related to tree size and to leaf position along the vertical crown profile. Growth efficiency (GE), expressed as woody biomass production per foliage area unit, was evidently larger in hornbeam than in the other three broadleaves. We suggest that future GE modelling should utilize real values of stem diameter increment measured in a current year, bio–sociological position of trees and competition indicators as inputs. Such an approach would elucidate the role of stand structure and tree species mixture for ecological and production properties of forest stands.
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Li, Mao, Xuejuan Zi, Renlong Lv, et al. "Cassava Foliage Effects on Antioxidant Capacity, Growth, Immunity, and Ruminal Microbial Metabolism in Hainan Black Goats." Microorganisms 11, no. 9 (2023): 2320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092320.
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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) foliage is a byproduct of cassava production characterized by high biomass and nutrient content. In this study, we investigated the effects of cassava foliage on antioxidant capacity, growth performance, and immunity status in goats, as well as rumen fermentation and microbial metabolism. Twenty-five Hainan black goats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 5 per group) and accepted five treatments: 0% (T1), 25% (T2), 50% (T3), 75% (T4), and 100% (T5) of the cassava foliage silage replaced king grass, respectively. The feeding experiment lasted for 70 d (including 10 d adaptation period and 60 d treatment period). Feeding a diet containing 50% cassava foliage resulted in beneficial effects for goat growth and health, as reflected by the higher average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and better feed conversion rate (FCR), as well as by the reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (CRE), and triglycerides (TG). Meanwhile, cassava foliage improved antioxidant activity by increasing the level of glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and lowering malondialdehyde (MDA). Moreover, feeding cassava foliage was also beneficial to immunity status by enhancing complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin M (IgM). Furthermore, the addition of dietary cassava foliage also altered rumen fermentation, rumen bacterial community composition, and metabolism. The abundance of Butyrivibrio_2 and Prevotella_1 was elevated, as were the concentrations of beneficial metabolites such as butyric acid; there was a concomitant decline in metabolites that hindered nutrient metabolism and harmed host health. In summary, goats fed a diet containing 50% cassava foliage silage demonstrated a greater abundance of Butyrivibrio_2, which enhanced the production of butyric acid; these changes led to greater antioxidant capacity, growth performance, and immunity in the goats.
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Rauch, Fred D., and Paul K. Murakami. "1035 CONTAINER ORNAMENTAL PRODUCTION IN AN ARTIFICIAL POTTING MIX." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 576f—576. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.576f.
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Several trials have been conducted to determine the optimum amendment level for the production of container foliage plants in a 1:1, V:V, peat:perlite potting mix. Experiments with various controlled-release fertilizers have shown superior growth and quality with resin coated products in an artificial mix. This appears to correspond to the nitrogen source with those containing nitrate and ammonium nitrogen giving better results than those with other nitrogen sources, such as IBDU or urea. Trials with variable rates of dolomitic lime resulted in better or equal growth and quality of a variety of foliage plants without added lime even at pH levels of 4.0. These results suggest the recommendations for the production of container plants in mixes without soil need to be reviewed and perhaps revised.
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Stow, Tara K., H. Lee Allen, and Lance W. Kress. "Ozone Impacts on Seasonal Foliage Dynamics of Young Loblolly Pine." Forest Science 38, no. 1 (1992): 102–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/38.1.102.
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Abstract Effects of above- and below-ambient levels of ozone (O3) on the production, abscission, and duration of foliage of young loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) grown in open-top chambers were examined in the Piedmont of North Carolina. Assessments of fascicle elongation and number were made at frequent intervals during 1988, 1989, and 1990 for all 1988 primary flushes on the stem and at a branch position. Ozone treatment had little effect on overall foliage production; however, all elevated O3 levels reduced foliage retention. Foliage abscission for most flushes was initiated when cumulative O3 dose exceeded 130 to 220 ppm-hr regardless of crown position for trees exposed to ambient and above-ambient O3 levels. Reductions in leaf area duration of the 1988 cohort were observed at ambient and higher O3 levels. Total leaf area duration was 22 and 25% greater for the stem and branch positions in the charcoal-filtered as compared to nonfiltered treatments. The greater duration in charcoal-filtered chambers resulted from significantly greater retention into the third growing season. Foliage development and ozone responses at the branch position were more representative of the whole crown than those at the stem position. For. Sci. 38(1):102-119.
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SOWMIYA, P. "Effect of media and nutrition on growth, yield and quality of Asparagus densiflorus ‘sprengeri’ L." Annals of Plant and Soil Research 23, no. 4 (2021): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10095.
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A study was conducted during the year 20019-2020 at Annamalai University, Annamalainagar to find out a suitable media and appropriate nutritionto increase the growth, yield and quality of Asparagusdensiflorus‘sprengeri’ L. as cut foliage. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 8 treatments and 3 replications.Among the different treatments, the treatment T9 (2 parts of garden soil + 1 part of farmyard manure, decomposed coirpith and pressmud + 19:19:19 NPK complex fertilizer @ 1.5 % spray) was found to be the best in respect of all growth, yield and quality attributes such as foliage stalk length (58.6cm), primary branches per foliage stalk (48.8), length of primary branches in foliage stalk (11.2cm cladophylls per foliage stalk (1212.2), plant spread – East -West (79.4cm2), plant spread – North - South (58.4cm2),chlorophyll content (0.326 mg g-1),freshweight of foliage stalk per plant (159.3g), dry weight of foliage stalk per plant (20.0g),fresh weight of roots and tubers per plant(278.6g), dry weight of roots and tubers per plant (57.3g), dry matter production (109.5g), tubers per plant (68.0), foliage stalks per plant (36.5),visual scoring (9.3), vase life of foliage stalk without pulsing (9.0 days) and with pulsing (13.2 days),followed by T7 (2 parts of garden soil + 1 part of farmyard manure and pressmud+ 19:19:19 NPK complex fertilizer @ 1.5 % spray). Control recorded the minimumgrowth, yield and quality attributes of asparagus.
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Konôpka, Bohdan, Milan Barna, Michal Bosela, and Martin Lukac. "Biomass Allocation to Resource Acquisition Compartments Is Affected by Tree Density Manipulation in European Beech after Three Decades." Forests 11, no. 9 (2020): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11090940.
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This study reports on an investigation of fine root and foliage productivity in forest stands dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and exposed to contrasting intensities of mature forest harvesting. The main aim of this study was to consider the long-term effects of canopy manipulation on resource acquisition biomass compartments in beech. We made use of an experiment established in 1989, when five different light availability treatments were started in plots within a uniform forest stand, ranging from no reduction in tree density to full mature forest removal. We measured fine root standing stock in the 0–30 cm soil layer by coring in 2013 and then followed annual fine root production (in-growth cores) and foliage production (litter baskets) in 2013–2015. We found that the plot where the tree density was reduced by 30% had the lowest foliage and the highest fine root production. In 2013, this plot had the highest fine root turnover rate (0.8 year−1), while this indicator of fine root dynamics was much lower in the other four treatments (around 0.3 year−1). We also found that the annual fine root production represented around two thirds of annual foliage growth on the mass basis in all treatments. While our findings support the maintenance of source and sink balance in woody plants, we also found a long-lasting effect of tree density manipulation on investment into resource acquisition compartments in beech forests.
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Jadalla, J. B., A. A. Khatir, E. M. Dawelbait, and S. A. M. Ali. "Relationship between some Growth Parameters and Browse Biomass Produced from Ailanthus excelsa Tree in Kordofan, Sudan." Greener Journal of Agronomy, Forestry and Horticulture 2, no. 1 (2014): 008–13. https://doi.org/10.15580/gjafh.2014.1.071513731.
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This study was conducted in Elobeid town, Sheikan Locality, North Kordofan State (29.350-30.300E and 12.250-13.450 N) and Dilling town, Dilling Locality, South Kordofan State (alt. 90-120 N and lat. 29-310E) during 2009-2010 with the objective of studying browse biomass production, estimation of <em>Ailanthus excelsa</em> as affected by location and development of Regression equations for prediction of biomass from the tree depending on growth parameters. From the two sites, forty similar aged, normally growing trees were selected and leaf biomass was harvested, weighed fresh, sun dried and oven dried. Stem diameter, twig diameter, crown diameter and tree height were measured for each tree. T test was used to examine the effects of site on foliage biomass production that was calculated as ton/hectare. The estimated foliage biomass was correlated to the physical parameters measured. Regression equations were developed between the estimated foliage biomass and the growth parameters of the tree. The results indicated that trees in Dilling produced greater amount of foliage biomass than those in Elobeid. The study revealed that biomass production in Elobeid was 1.2 ton per hectare, compared to 2.3 ton per hectare in Dilling. It was found that in Elobeid, the biomass production was highly correlated to twig diameter and least correlation was observed between biomass and tree height whereas in Dilling, biomass production was highly correlated to tree height and least correlations were observed between biomass and the other parameters. The study concluded that site of growth had significant effects on foliage biomass production of A. excelsa. The amount of biomass was highly correlated between twig diameter in Elobeid and tree height in Dilling and the twig diameter developed best regression equations for biomass estimation for<em>Ailanthus excelsa</em> in Elobeid and El Dilling. Therefore, it can be recommended that more research should be carried out in different areas of the country where this tree is naturalized to investigate the effects of site and ecological factors on biomass production of the species and relationship between biomass produced and growth parameters in each site.
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Clough, George H. "452 Stand Reduction and Foliage Damage Reduce Yield of Onion for Dehydration." HortScience 35, no. 3 (2000): 471E—472. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.471e.
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Field trials were conducted at Hermiston, Ore., from 1995 through 1998 to determine the impact of stand loss and plant damage at different growth stages on yield of onions grown for dehydration. The experiment was a complete factorial with four replications. Stand reduction (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%) and foliage damage (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100%) treatments were applied at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-leaf onion growth stages. All average onion production characteristics decreased linearly as stand reduction increased (plant population decreased) at all plant growth stages except average bulb weight which increased as stand was reduced. Bulb weight was not changed by up to 100% foliage removal at the three-leaf stage of growth. At the 6- and 12-leaf stages, bulb weight was reduced when >50% of the foliage was removed. The most severe response occurred at the nine-leaf stage when bulb weights were reduced the most. At the three-leaf stage, yield was not affected by foliage damage. At the six-leaf growth stage, yield was reduced by 75% or more foliage loss, but at the 9- and 12-leaf stages, >50% foliage removal reduced expected yields. As with bulb weight, the impact of foliage removal on yield was most severe at the nine-leaf growth stage.
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B. K. Tejukumar, Parminder Singh, V. M. Hiremath, Shalini Jhanji, R. K. Dubey, and Pooja A. "Influence of shade levels on morpho-physiological characteristics of potted spathiphyllum." Indian Journal of Horticulture 80, no. 2 (2023): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.58993/ijh/2023.80.2.7.
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The intensity of the shade is a critical factor in the production of potted spathiphyllum. Plants were grown in various levels of green coloured shade net to assess the growth response regarding vegetative, flowering, and physiological characteristics. The results showed that under 75 % shade, spathiphyllum plants exhibited the most significant plant spread, petiole girth, leaf thickness, leaf number, and leaf length. Likewise, spathe characters such as length, width, diameter, and the number of blooms were recorded highest at 75 % shade level. Similarly, the fresh weight and dried weight of the leaves were also found to be significant. Foliage chlorophyll content and foliage longevity increased linearly with increasing shade. Shade levels improved the spathiphyllum’s foliage colour, an essential characteristic of indoor plants. It is concluded that using shade nets with a shade intensity of 75% would result in better growth and production of potted spathiphyllum, allowing farmers to earn more income.
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Srhoj, J. "NATIVE CUT FOLIAGE PRODUCTION USING PROTEACEAE SPECIES - A RESEARCH SUMMARY." Acta Horticulturae, no. 716 (August 2006): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2006.716.11.
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Spera, Guido, Giovanni Cargnello, Simonetta Moretti, Girogio Casadei, Stefano Scaggiante, and Gabriele Anelli. "Influence of foliage management on lyra for «high quality» wines production for Cabernet-Sauvignon variety: enological aspects (I note)." OENO One 38, no. 1 (2004): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2004.38.1.939.
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<p style="text-align: justify;">Cabernet-Sauvignon is an important red berry cultivar, which provides in Latium good quality results even if grown using training systems and planting models which are notably different among themselves . To give a concrete contribution to the qualitative improvement of « Cabernet-Sauvignon », considering other viticultural research exposed in other works, we thought it was opportune to deepen the repercussion of foliage management. Among many models of training systems that we have taken into consideration over years of experimentation, the LYRA order 300 cm x 50 cm has given the better results regarding oenochemical, sensorial and economical quality of wines. For this reason we have considered the implications of different foliage management systems on this model, drawing the following indications:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">a) The training system which has shown the best results was LYRA order 300 cm x 50 cm for «Cabernet-Sauvignon» variety, even with different foliage management.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">b) The best analytical results are achieved by LYRA « Managed Volume » foliage, especially concerning the chromatic component.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">c) The sensorial analysis confirms the excellence of this treatment.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">d) The better «economic quality» is achieved to LYRA « Managed Volume » foliage; in fact the consumers have attributed the highest «intrinsic value» to the corresponding wine.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">e) In conclu,es must be checked in the next vintages.</p>
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Yulistiani, Dwi, Z. A. Jelan, J. B. Liang, H. Yaakub, and N. Abdullah. "The use of in vitro gas production technique to evaluate molasses supplementation to mulberry (morus alba) and rice straw mixed diets." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 12, no. 4 (2012): 255–61. https://doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v12i4.492.
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Mulberry foliages have high nutritive value (protein content, digestibility and degradability), therefore it is potential to be used as a supplement to poor quality roughages. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of addition of fermentable energy in the mixed of mulberry and rice straw basal diet. A control diet consisted of either rice straw (RS) or urea treated rice straw mixed with mulberry foliage (URS) with ratio of 60 : 40%. Treatment was formulated by supplementation of control diet with molasses (as sources of fermentable energy) at 3 levels (5, 10 and 15%). The study was conducted in a 2 x 4 factorial experiment, consisted of 2 levels rice straw (untreated and urea treated) and 4 levels molasses supplementation (control and 3 levels for molasses). Diets were evaluated using in vitro gas production. The fermentation kinetics was determined from the incubation of 200 mg sample during 96 hours. The calculation of the kinetics based on exponential equation P = A+ B (1-e-ct). A shorter gas production test was carried out to determine truly degradable fermented substrates (in vitro true organic matter degradability/IVTOMD) by incubating 500 mg of samples 24 hours. The result showed that there was no significant interaction between rice straw treatment and molasses supplementation on fermentation characteristics, in vitro true dry matter digestibility, fermented substrate and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. However there was a significant interaction between rice straw treatment on partitioning factor (PF), gas produced, propionic acid production and ratio between acetic acid and propionic acid. Molasses supplementation significantly (P0.05) decreased gas production and ratio of acetic to propionic acid, and increase PF, propionic acid production in untreated rice straw mulberry (RSM) basal diet. It is concluded that molasses supplementation to RSM diet decreased gas production and ratio of C2/C3, and increased PF and propionic acid production. Key Words: Mulberry Foliage, Molasses, Rice Straw, In Vitro Gas Production
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Yulistiani, Dwi, Z. A. Jelan, and J. B. Liang. "In Vitro protein digestibility and fermentability of mulberry (Morus alba)-Leucaena foliage mixed feed." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 21, no. 1 (2016): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v21i1.1352.
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<p class="abstrak2">This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of mulberry-leucaena foliage mixed feed on protein digestibility and VFA production using an in vitro gas production study. Mulberry was mixed with one of 2 leucaena varieties (<em>Leucaena leucocephala</em> hybrid and <em>Leucaena leucocephala</em> local) at 3 levels (0, 25 and 50%). Study was conducted in completely randomized design. Mulberry foliage, leucaena and mixtures of mulberry-leucaena were incubated for 24 hours in glass syringes. Parameter recorded were gas production, in vitro true dry matter digestibility (IVTDMD), in vitro N digestibility (IVND) and VFA production. Results of the study showed that supplementation of leucaena to mulberry decreased IVOMD, gas production and protein digestibility in the rumen buffered medium. The mixture of mulberry and leucaena hybrid at ratio 50% resulted in the lowest IVND than other treatment. However it increased protein digestibility in acid pepsin incubation as an estimate of protein availability in intestine. Gas production decreased in mulberry leucaena mixtures was followed by decreased total VFA production. Tannin derived from leucaena hybrid supplementation to mulberry at ratio 1 : 1 was most effective to decrease protein digestion in the rumen and to increase protein digestibility in acid pepsin incubation. In conclusion mixing of hybrid leucaena hybrid with mulberry foliage was able to protect protein degradation from mulberry in the rumen.</p>
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Chen, Jianjun, and Richard J. Henny. "ZZ: A Unique Tropical Ornamental Foliage Plant." HortTechnology 13, no. 3 (2003): 458–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.13.3.0458.
Full textAbstract:
ZZ (Zamioculcas zamiifolia), a member of the family Araceae, is emerging as an important foliage plant due to its aesthetic appearance, ability to tolerate low light and drought, and resistance to diseases and pests. However, little information is available regarding its propagation, production, and use. This report presents relevant botanical information and results of our four-year evaluation of this plant to the ornamental plant industry.
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Roberts, Warren, J. A. Duthie, J. V. Edelson, and J. W. Shrefler. "Watermelon Foliage and Yield Relationships." HortScience 33, no. 4 (1998): 598d—598. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.4.598d.
Full textAbstract:
Watermelon vines and foliage are often damaged or restricted by mechanical operations, diseases, and insects. There is little information to indicate the optimal ratio of plant foliage to fruit. Most watermelon fruits are produced near the plant crown, and thus some farmers believe that extensive foliage is nonessential for fruit production. Experiments have been conducted with watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (cvs. Sangria, Crimson Trio, and Scarlet Trio)] in Oklahoma to determine the relationship between soil surface area covered by foliage (foliar area) and fruit yield. Watermelon plants were planted on 4-m row centers, and were either pruned to allow a foliar area that was 1, 2, 3, or 4 m wide, or were physically confined to the same foliar area by redirecting the branch tips back into the row toward the base of the plant. There was a linear increase in yield as foliar area increased with both `Sangria' and `Scarlet Trio', but not necessarily with `Crimson Trio'. Within a given foliar area, pruning the foliage and confining the foliage to a similar area produced similar effects on fruit yield. A second experiment was conducted to determine the effect on plant yield when the vines were physically moved, as occurred with the confined area treatments. In this study, physically moving the vines did not reduce yield as compared to vines that were not moved.