Academic literature on the topic 'Follicular atresia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Follicular atresia"
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Migliaccio, M., T. Chioccarelli, C. Ambrosino, A. Suglia, F. Manfrevola, O. Carnevali, S. Fasano, R. Pierantoni, and G. Cobellis. "Characterization of Follicular Atresia Responsive to BPA in Zebrafish by Morphometric Analysis of Follicular Stage Progression." International Journal of Endocrinology 2018 (December 23, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4298195.
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Bisphenol A is an industrial chemical compound, pervasively polluting the environment and diet, classified as an endocrine disruptor because of its interference effects on the endocrine system. In zebrafish, BPA exposure induces follicular atresia. To acquire knowledge on this atretic effect, using a qualitative and quantitative histomorphological approach, we studied zebrafish ovarian follicular stage development in response to low BPA concentrations. Results show that BPA interferes with follicular progression by affecting the previtellogenic and vitellogenic phases. In particular, BPA exposure (i) increases follicular recruitment by acting on primary stage follicles, (ii) forces the follicular transition from stage III to stage IV producing enlarged stage IV follicles, and (iii) induces atresia by producing atretic follicles that are peculiarly enlarged (i.e., big atretic follicles). We suggest that BPA induces atresia by the primary effect on recruitment of stage I follicles. This forces follicular progression and produces stage IV follicles that are peculiarly enlarged that undertake the atretic development.
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Clark, L. J., H. F. Irving-Rodgers, A. M. Dharmarajan, and R. J. Rodgers. "206.Cell death of the theca interna during bovine ovarian follicular atresia." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, no. 9 (2004): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb04abs206.
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It is generally accepted that death of cells within the theca interna occurs late during ovarian follicular atresia. Histological classifications of atresia are usually based solely upon the morphology of the membrana granulosa. Atresia of bovine antral follicles less than 5 mm in diameter has been redefined as either antral or basal atresia depending on where in the membrana granulosa cell death is initiated. The aim of present study was to investigate changes within the theca interna during both antral and basal atresia. Bovine ovaries were collected and processed for light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Each follicle less then 5 mm was classified as either healthy, antral atretic or basal atretic, with antral atresia being further classified either early-mid or late stage. Sections were labelled by TUNEL to identify dead cells combined with lectin from Bandeiraea simplificifolia to identify endothelial cells or with an antibody to cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage to identify steroidogenic cells. The numerical density of steroidogenic cells within the theca interna was significantly reduced (P < 0.001) in basal atretic follicles compared to healthy and antral atretic follicles. In both antral and basal atresia there was death of endothelial cells and steroidogenic cells. However cell death was greater in endothelial cells (P < 0.05) and steroidogenic cells (P < 0.001) of the theca interna of basal atretic follicles. There was no significant difference in the amount of cell death in the membrana granulosa between early-mid antral atresia and basal atresia while death of the membrana granulosa was significantly increased in late antral atresia compared to basal atresia (P < 0.01). Therefore we conclude that basal atresia is not a progression of antral atresia and that the theca interna can be susceptible to cell death early in atresia in basal atretic follicles.
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Zhang, Jinbi, Yang Liu, Wang Yao, Qifa Li, Honglin Liu, and Zengxiang Pan. "Initiation of follicular atresia: gene networks during early atresia in pig ovaries." Reproduction 156, no. 1 (July 2018): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-18-0058.
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In mammals, more than 99% of ovarian follicles undergo a degenerative process known as atresia. The molecular events involved in atresia initiation remain incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to analyze differential gene expression profiles of medium antral ovarian follicles during early atresia in pig. The transcriptome evaluation was performed on cDNA microarrays using healthy and early atretic follicle samples and was validated by quantitative PCR. Annotation analysis applying current database (Sus scrofa 11.1) revealed 450 significantly differential expressed genes between healthy and early atretic follicles. Among them, 142 were significantly upregulated in early atretic with respect to healthy group and 308 were downregulated. Similar expression trends were observed between microarray data and quantitative RT-PCR confirmation, which indicated the reliability of the microarray analysis. Further analysis of the differential expressed genes revealed the most significantly affected biological functions during early atresia including blood vessel development, regulation of DNA-templated transcription in response to stress and negative regulation of cell adhesion. The pathway and interaction analysis suggested that atresia initiation associates with (1) a crosstalk of cell apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis rather than change of typical apoptosis markers, (2) dramatic shift of steroidogenic enzymes, (3) deficient glutathione metabolism and (4) vascular degeneration. The novel gene candidates and pathways identified in the current study will lead to a comprehensive view of the molecular regulation of ovarian follicular atresia and a new understanding of atresia initiation.
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Rodgers, R. J., and H. F. Irving-Rodgers. "Morphological classification of bovine ovarian follicles." REPRODUCTION 139, no. 2 (February 2010): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-09-0177.
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Follicle classification is an important aid to the understanding of follicular development and atresia. Some bovine primordial follicles have the classical primordial shape, but ellipsoidal shaped follicles with some cuboidal granulosa cells at the poles are far more common. Preantral follicles have one of two basal lamina phenotypes, either a single aligned layer or one with additional layers. In antral follicles <5 mm diameter, half of the healthy follicles have columnar shaped basal granulosa cells and additional layers of basal lamina, which appear as loops in cross section (‘loopy’). The remainder have aligned single-layered follicular basal laminas with rounded basal cells, and contain better quality oocytes than the loopy/columnar follicles. In sizes >5 mm, only aligned/rounded phenotypes are present. Dominant and subordinate follicles can be identified by ultrasound and/or histological examination of pairs of ovaries. Atretic follicles <5 mm are either basal atretic or antral atretic, named on the basis of the location in the membrana granulosa where cells die first. Basal atretic follicles have considerable biological differences to antral atretic follicles. In follicles >5 mm, only antral atresia is observed. The concentrations of follicular fluid steroid hormones can be used to classify atresia and distinguish some of the different types of atresia; however, this method is unlikely to identify follicles early in atresia, and hence misclassify them as healthy. Other biochemical and histological methods can be used, but since cell death is a part of normal homoeostatis, deciding when a follicle has entered atresia remains somewhat subjective.
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Yao, Jinwei, Yanfen Ma, Shuo Zhou, Tingting Bao, Yuling Mi, Weidong Zeng, Jian Li, and Caiqiao Zhang. "Metformin Prevents Follicular Atresia in Aging Laying Chickens through Activation of PI3K/AKT and Calcium Signaling Pathways." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020 (November 26, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3648040.
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Increased follicular atresia occurs with aging and results in reduced fecundity in laying chickens. Therefore, relieving follicular atresia of aging poultry is a crucial measure to maintain sustained high laying performance. As an antiaging agent, metformin was reported to play important roles in preventing aging in diverse animals. In this study, the physiological state of the prehierarchical follicles in the peak-laying hens (D280) and aged hens (D580) was compared, followed with exploration for the possible capacity of metformin in delaying atresia of the prehierarchical follicles in the aged D580 hens. Results showed that the capacity of yolk deposition within follicles declined with aging, and the point of endoplasmic reticulum- (ER-) mitochondrion contact decreased in the ultrastructure of the follicular cells. Meanwhile, the expression of apoptosis signaling genes was increased in the atretic small white follicles. Subsequently, the H2O2-induced follicular atresia model was established to evaluate the enhancing capacity of metformin on yolk deposition and inhibition of apoptosis in the atretic small white follicles. Metformin inhibited apoptosis through regulating cooperation of the mitochondrion-associated ER membranes and the insulin (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. Furthermore, metformin regulated calcium ion homeostasis to relieve ER-stress and inhibited release of mitochondrion apoptosis factors (BAD and caspase). Additionally, metformin activated PI3K/AKT that suppressed activation of BAD (downstream of the insulin signaling pathway) in the atretic follicles. Further, serum estrogen level and liver estrogen receptor-α expression were increased after dietary metformin supplementation in D580 hens. These results indicated that administration of dietary metformin activated the PI3K/AKT and calcium signaling pathway and enhanced yolk deposition to prevent chicken follicular atresia.
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Mokhtar, Doaa M., and Marwa M. Hussein. "Microanalysis of Fish Ovarian Follicular Atresia: A Possible Synergic Action of Somatic and Immune Cells." Microscopy and Microanalysis 26, no. 3 (May 12, 2020): 599–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927620001567.
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AbstractThe present study describes in detail the morphological characteristics of the process of ovarian follicular atresia in Redbelly tilapia (Coptodon zillii) during the nonbreeding season using light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The follicular regression process was initiated with shrinkage and disintegration of the nuclear membrane of oocytes resulting in dispersing of chromatin within the ooplasm, followed by marked hyperplasia and hypertrophy of follicular and granulosa cells, which exhibited a strong phagocytic activity to engulf the liquefied yolk particles. Rodlet cells and granulocytes were recorded on the follicular wall and invaded the regressed follicles. Rodlet cells expressed a strong immunoreactivity to matrix metalloperoxidase (MMP-9) and α-smooth muscle actin, while neutrophils expressed a strong reactivity to Myeloperoxidase-3 (MPO). In the advanced stage of follicular atresia, the yolk was almost phagocytized and resorbed and the regressed follicle lost its integrity and appeared to be formed of a cellular mass of phagocytic cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of neutrophils, eosinophils, and dendritic cells within the atretic follicle in between these phagocytic cells. Moreover, numerous lysosomes, granules, and phagosomes were observed within the cytoplasm of both phagocytic cells and granulocytes. Telocytes were also demonstrated within the highly thickened richly vascularized theca layer during the late stages of follicular atresia. Immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3 established the participation of apoptosis in the advanced stages of follicular regression. Immune cells, rodlet cells, and telocytes in combination with follicular cells play an essential role in follicular atresia. In conclusion, the present study provides a new evidence on the role of both somatic and immune cells in the phenomenon of ovarian follicular atresia in Redbelly tilapia (Coptodon zillii) during the nonbreeding season.
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Ortega-Camarillo, Clara, Alicia González-González, Marcela Vergara-Onofre, Everardo González-Padilla, Alejandro Ávalos-Rodríguez, Margarita E. Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Lourdes Arriaga-Pizano, Miguel Cruz, Luís Arturo Baiza-Gutman, and Margarita Díaz-Flores. "Changes in the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in granulosa cells during follicular atresia in ewes." REPRODUCTION 137, no. 6 (June 2009): 979–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-08-0463.
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Apoptosis of granulosa cells during follicular atresia is preceded by oxidative stress, partly due to a drop in the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Under oxidative stress, GSH regeneration is dependent on the adequate supply of NADPH by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). In this study, we analyzed the changes of G6PD, GSH, and oxidative stress of granulosa cells and follicular liquid and its association with apoptosis during atresia of small (4–6 mm) and large (>6 mm) sheep antral follicles. G6PD activity was found to be higher in granulosa cells of healthy small rather than large follicles, with similar GSH concentration in both cases. During atresia, increased apoptosis and protein oxidation, as well as a drop in GSH levels, were observed in follicles of both sizes. Furthermore, the activity of G6PD decreased in atretic small follicles, but not in large ones. GSH decreased and protein oxidation increased in follicular fluid. This was dependent on the degree of atresia, whereas the changes in G6PD activity were based on the type of follicle. The higher G6PD activity in the small follicles could be related to granulosa cell proliferation, follicular growth, and a lower sensitivity to oxidative stress when compared with large follicles. The results also indicate that GSH concentration in atretic follicles depends on other factors in addition to G6PD, such asde novosynthesis or activity of other NADPH-producing enzymes. Finally, lower G6PD activity in large follicles indicating a higher susceptibility to oxidative stress associated to apoptosis progression in follicle atresia.
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Terenina, Elena, Stephane Fabre, Agnès Bonnet, Danielle Monniaux, Christèle Robert-Granié, Magali SanCristobal, Julien Sarry, et al. "Differentially expressed genes and gene networks involved in pig ovarian follicular atresia." Physiological Genomics 49, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00069.2016.
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Ovarian folliculogenesis corresponds to the development of follicles leading to either ovulation or degeneration, this latter process being called atresia. Even if atresia involves apoptosis, its mechanism is not well understood. The objective of this study was to analyze global gene expression in pig granulosa cells of ovarian follicles during atresia. The transcriptome analysis was performed on a 9,216 cDNA microarray to identify gene networks and candidate genes involved in pig ovarian follicular atresia. We found 1,684 significantly regulated genes to be differentially regulated between small healthy follicles and small atretic follicles. Among them, 287 genes had a fold-change higher than two between the two follicle groups. Eleven genes ( DKK3, GADD45A, CAMTA2, CCDC80, DAPK2, ECSIT, MSMB, NUPR1, RUNX2, SAMD4A, and ZNF628) having a fold-change higher than five between groups could likely serve as markers of follicular atresia. Moreover, automatic confrontation of deregulated genes with literature data highlighted 93 genes as regulatory candidates of pig granulosa cell atresia. Among these genes known to be inhibitors of apoptosis, stimulators of apoptosis, or tumor suppressors INHBB, HNF4, CLU, different interleukins ( IL5, IL24), TNF-associated receptor ( TNFR1), and cytochrome-c oxidase ( COX) were suggested as playing an important role in porcine atresia. The present study also enlists key upstream regulators in follicle atresia based on our results and on a literature review. The novel gene candidates and gene networks identified in the current study lead to a better understanding of the molecular regulation of ovarian follicular atresia.
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Gao, Xiaomeng, Jinbi Zhang, Zengxiang Pan, Qifa Li, and Honglin Liu. "The distribution and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) during follicular development and atresia in the pig." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 32, no. 3 (2020): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd18508.
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The involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in ovarian physiological processes has been widely reported, but the location and role of VEGFA during follicular atresia remain unknown. This study investigated the distribution and expression of VEGFA during porcine follicular development and atresia. Pig ovaries were obtained, individual medium-sized (3–5mm in diameter) antral follicles were separated and classified into healthy, early atretic or progressively atretic groups. Immunobiology and quantitative techniques were used to investigate the varied follicular distribution of VEGFA at both the morphological and molecular level. The results indicated that VEGFA protein expression peaked in tertiary follicles, mostly distributed in the thecal and inner granulosa layers, during follicular development while VEGFA mRNA was mainly expressed in the inner granulosa layers. Additionally, healthy antral follicles showed a significantly higher expression of VEGFA than atretic follicles in both theca and granulosa cells. Knockdown of VEGFA using siRNA revealed an antiapoptosis effect of VEGFA in cultured pig granulosa cells. Our results increase the knowledge of VEGFA functions in follicles.
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Vlčková, Radoslava, Drahomíra Sopková, Ján Pošivák, and Igor Valocký. "Ovarian Follicular Atresia of Ewes during Spring Puerperium." Veterinary Medicine International 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/638928.
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The distribution of healthy and atretic follicles on the ovarian surface of improved Valachian ewes 17, 24, and 32 days postpartum is reported in this study. The number of healthy follicles was higher on day 24 postpartum and their mean diameter tended to increase to day 32 (P<0.05) with the greatest diameter of 5 mm. 78–81% of atretic follicles ≥3 mm in diameter was observed where apoptosis began in the follicular cells situated at the follicular cavity. The early atretic follicles are characterized by the presence of mitotic pictures. In one ewe 24 days postpartum, small regressive follicular cysts were observed. Contracting atresia is characterized by thickening of the theca interna even to 190 μm. Progesterone and oestradiol-17βconcentrations were maintained at relatively low levels, but with no significant difference between the days postpartum.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Follicular atresia"
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Pedersen, Hanne Gervi. "Follicular growth and atresia in the mare." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29938.
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The growth and atresia in equine follicles has received little attention although the mare is a unique model because of the size of the animal and the ovarian follicles. The size of the animal allows ultrasound scanning to monitor follicle dynamics in vivo and the size of each follicle allows for several parameters being studied without having to pool follicles together and thereby potentially introducing errors. Several studies in the equine species have focused on follicle dynamics, others on atresia and follicular fluid hormone levels and yet others on the oocyte, but none have combined all of these areas. The aims of this thesis were to establish whether granulosa cells of regressing equine follicles degenerate via an apoptotic mechanism and whether the presence of apoptotic cell death in granulosa cells was correlated with other indices of follicle health such as steroid hormone levels and oocyte quality. At first each parameter was investigated in detail on a microscopic level: oocyte chromatin configuration, cumulus morphology, follicle wall atresia, granulosa cell apoptosis and steroid content in follicular fluid. Then followed a whole animal approach with monitoring of follicular growth via ultrasonography. In the end all knowledge was put together when studying ovaries recovered at different stages of the cycle in an attempt to reveal when selection took place and how this was reflected in the parameters of the individual follicle. Oocyte chromatin configuration was found to change from even distribution within the germinal vesicle, through different degrees of condensation to metaphase stages with increasing apoptosis or atresia of the follicle. The puzzle of the condensed chromatin configuration may be part of the normal development but also an end-stage chromatin configuration. The relationship between cumulus morphology and chromatin configuration was described and compact cumulus morphology was associated with young oocyte chromatin configurations and fully expanded cumuli were correlated with metaphase chromatin.
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Paton, Anne Claire. "Apoptosis of human granulosa-lutein cells." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243501.
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Talbott, Mariah Jane. "Determining morphological and biochemical parameters associated with ovarian follicular atresia and caviar quality and yield in cultured white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus)." Thesis, Montana State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2010/talbott/TalbottM0510.pdf.
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Harvesting sturgeon Acipenseridae when the ovarian follicles have the appropriate firmness and size is important for the caviar industry in order to produce a consistently uniform product and maximize caviar yield. Therefore, it is beneficial for the caviar industry to detect fish with atretic ovarian follicles prior to harvest, which can cause a decrease in caviar grade or complete loss of the product and to harvest fish at the correct stage of ovarian maturity to produce the highest quality and yield of caviar possible. The objectives of this study were to find a parameter that can detect early signs of ovarian follicular atresia by measuring blood plasma concentrations of sex steroids and determine if correlations exist among plasma sex steroid concentrations, morphological characteristics, and caviar yield and quality. To achieve the first objective, blood and ovarian follicles were collected repeatedly from 15 fish prior to and after inducing follicular atresia. Plasma testosterone (T) was the best indicator of the onset of atresia. Logistic regression models were used to illustrate how a threshold value of T can be determined to decrease the probability of harvesting white sturgeon with atretic ovaries. To achieve the second objective, biological samples (blood, ovarian follicles) and morphological measurements were collected from white sturgeon at caviar harvest (n = 20 per month) for five months. Analyses of parameters associated with caviar quality were limited because 92% of fish produced the same quality of caviar. Plasma E2 was correlated with caviar yield, caviar yield as a percent of body weight, and gonadosomatic index (GSI), whereas T was not correlated with either caviar yield or caviar yield as a percent of body weight. Ovarian fat varied greatly among individuals. Consequently, the ovarian stage associated with caviar yield could not be determined by measuring morphological parameters indicative of ovarian maturity. Post-hoc analyses were conducted to determine if parameters differed among ovarian fat categories. In the future, this study may benefit sturgeon conservation propagation programs by improving techniques for detection of ovarian atresia and offering a less-invasive method for estimating fecundity by utilizing the correlation between plasma E2 and GSI.
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Jorio, Aziza. "Dynamique folliculaire comparee pendant la periode prepubere chez deux races s de brebis differant par leur taux d'ovulation : la d'man et la timahdite." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066446.
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Dumaresq-Doiron, Karine. "Étude de la fonction ovarienne chez les souris déficientes des enzymes hyaluronidases." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2692.
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Les mammifères femelles naissent avec un très grand nombre de
follicules ovariens primordiaux (104-106); par contre, la grande majorité (99%)
de ces follicules n’atteignent jamais la maturité et subissent l’atrésie,
principalement par l’apoptose des cellules de la granulosa. Notre laboratoire a
démontré que les hyaluronidases des mammifères induisent l’apoptose des
cellules de la granulosa et sont impliquées dans l’atrésie des follicules mais que
cet effet apoptotique ne serait pas dû à leur activité enzymatique. Notre modèle
propose que les hyaluronidases aient un rôle dans les follicules non destinés à
ovuler. Le but de la présente étude est d’évaluer la folliculogénèse et la fertilité
des souris déficientes de ces enzymes. Les résultats montrent que la délétion
de Hyal-3 ne semble pas affecter la fonction ovarienne des souris mais qu’il
pourrait y avoir un effet compensatoire par Hyal-1 chez les souris déficientes de
Hyal-3 étant donné que son expression est augmentée chez ces souris. La
délétion de Hyal-1 a pour effet d’augmenter le nombre des follicules
primordiaux, primaires et secondaires, particulièrement chez les souris de bas
âge, et de diminuer le niveau d’apoptose des cellules de la granulosa. Afin
d’évaluer la fonction de Hyal-1, -2 et -3 sans effet compensatoire entre elles,
nous avons voulu créer une souris déficiente des ces 3 hyaluronidases
spécifiquement dans les gonades en utilisant le système Cre/loxP. Un vecteur
contenant la séquence Cre sous le contrôle du promoteur de Inhibin-α, qui
conduit l’expression des gènes en aval chez les cellules somatiques des
gonades, a été construit avec succès. En conclusion, cette étude nous révèle
que Hyal-3 ne semble pas affecter la fonction ovarienne mais que la délétion de
Hyal-1 augmente la folliculogénèse et diminue l’apoptose des cellules de la
granulosa.Female mammals are born with a large number of ovarian primordial follicles, though the vast majority of these never reach the preovulatory stage and undergo atresia, mainly through granulosa cell apoptosis. Our laboratory has established that mammalian hyaluronidases induce apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells and that they are involved in follicular atresia but that their apoptotic effect is not due to their enzymatic activity. Our model suggests that mammalian hyaluronidases might have a role in follicles not destined to ovulate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the folliculogenesis and fertility of mice devoid of these enzymes. Our results showed that Hyal-3 KO mice have normal folliculogenesis, which could be explained by a compensatory effect of Hyal-1 since its expression is upregulated in these mice. In contrast, Hyal-1 KO mice had increased numbers of primordial, primary and secondary follicles, particularly in young mice, and lower levels of granulosa cell apoptosis. In order to investigate the effect of the three hyaluronidases, Hyal-1, -2 and -3, without a compensatory effect by one another, we decided to create a transgenic mouse deficient in all these three hyaluronidases but only in the gonads by using the Cre/loxP system. We successfully created a plasmid containing the Cre sequence under the control of Inhibin-α promoter, which conducts gene expression in somatic cells of the gonads. In conclusion, the present work demonstrates that Hyal-3 does not have any effect on ovarian function, but that deletion of Hyal-1 in mice promotes increased folliculogenesis and lowers granulosa cell apoptosis.
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Lúcio, Filipa Manuela da Silva. "Apoptose folicular em cadelas e gatas ao longo do ciclo éstrico." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/8800.
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Orientação: Daniel MurtaO estudo da fisiologia reprodutiva dos animais de companhia tem uma grande importância tanto a nível da sua própria espécie, como também para estudos científicos de patologias do homem. O estudo da atrésia folicular na cadela e na gata ainda é muito rudimentar. No entanto, a atrésia folicular pode estar presente em qualquer fase folicular e em qualquer fase do ciclo éstrico em mamíferos. Este trabalho teve como objectivo descrever o processo de atrésia folicular ao longo da foliculogénese e nas fases do ciclo éstrico em cadelas e gatas, com a utilização da técnica laboratorial TUNEL. Para a realização deste trabalho, foram analisados ovários de 7 cadelas e 8 gatas com idades compreendidas entre os 5 meses e os 2 anos, distribuídos por fase de ciclo éstrico. Neste trabalho foi possível a observação de marcação de folículos em qualquer fase do ciclo éstrico e da foliculogénese. No entanto, as cadelas e as gatas em fases de diestro e anestro apresentaram uma maior evidência de marcação nas várias fases da foliculogénese. As células com maior marcação em todas as amostras foram as células da granulosa nas várias fases de foliculogénese. Contudo, foi também possível observar marcação em oócitos em folículos primordiais em gatas e em folículos pré-antrais nas cadelas. Também se observou marcação em algumas células da teca interna em folículos pré-antrais e antrais em cadelas e em folículos antrais em gatas. Em alguns folículos antrais, a marcação era evidente nas células da granulosa e nas zonas de cumulus oophorus e corona radiata. Com a realização deste estudo, foi possível concluir que a apoptose está presente em todas as fases da foliculogénese na cadela e na gata e em qualquer fase do ciclo éstrico, como referido em estudos anteriores de outras diferentes espécies.
The study of the reproductive physiology of companion animals is of great importance both at the level of their own species and for scientific studies of human pathologies. The study of follicular atresia in the female dog and cat is still very rudimentary. However, follicular atresia may be present at any follicular stage and at any stage of the mammalian oestrus cycle. The aim of this study was to describe the follicular atresia along the folliculogenesis and in the stages of the oestrus cycle in female dogs and queens, using the TUNEL laboratory technique. For the accomplishment of this work, ovaries of 7 female dogs and 8 queens with ages between 5 months and 2 years, distributed by phase of the cycle were analysed. In this work it was possible to detect the positive labeling on follicles at any stage of the oestrus cycle and folliculogenesis. However, both species during diestrus and anestrus phases presented greater evidence of positive labeling in the various phases of folliculogenesis. The cells with the highest positive labeling in all samples were the granulosa cells in the various phases of folliculogenesis. However, it was also possible to observe positive labeling in oocytes in primordial follicles in queens and in preantral follicles in female dogs. Positive labeling was also observed in some theca interna cells in preantral and antral follicles in female dogs and in antral follicles in queens. In some antral follicles, positive labeling was evident in granulosa cells and in the areas of cumulus oophorus and corona radiata. With the realization of this study, it was possible to conclude that apoptosis is present in all phases of folliculogenesis in both species and in any phase of the cycle, as reported in previous studies of others different species.
Books on the topic "Follicular atresia"
Book chapters on the topic "Follicular atresia"
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Guraya, Sardul S. "Follicular Atresia." In Zoophysiology, 201–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83628-2_10.
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Hubbard, Christopher J., and Brett Oxberry. "Follicular Atresia." In Ultrastructure of the Ovary, 273–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3944-5_17.
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Guraya, Sardul S. "Follicular Atresia." In Biology of Ovarian Follicles in Mammals, 228–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70154-2_7.
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Spanel-Borowski, Katharina. "Follicle Stages and Follicular Atresia." In Atlas of the Mammalian Ovary, 9–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30535-1_2.
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Vázquez-Nin, Gerardo H., María Luisa Escobar, and Olga M. Echeverría. "Follicular Atresia in Adult Animals." In Cell Death in Mammalian Ovary, 203–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1134-1_13.
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Moley, Kelle H., and James R. Schreiber. "Ovarian Follicular Growth, Ovulation and Atresia." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 103–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0952-7_7.
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