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Holliday, Vance T., and Eileen Johnson. "Re-Evaluation of the First Radiocarbon Age for the Folsom Culture." American Antiquity 51, no. 2 (April 1986): 332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/279944.
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Charred remains of Bison antiquus recovered in 1950 from lacustrine sediments at the Lubbock Lake archaeological site (Southern High Plains of Texas) yielded a radiocarbon age of 9,883 ± 350 years B.P. (C-558). The bone was believed to be from the Folsom occupation of the site and the date was considered to be the first for the Folsom culture in North America. Although the feature that contained the bone was correlated with bone beds that contained Folsom points found elsewhere at the site, the dated feature did not contain diagnostic artifacts and direct correlations with the Folsom features were not possible. Excavations at the site since 1973 provide data that demonstrate that the feature that produced the historic date is stratigraphically above the Folsom horizon. Sediment samples taken from the feature have yielded radiocarbon ages of 8,585 ± 145 years B.P. (SI-5499) and 8,130 ± 80 years B.P. (SMU-1089). These ages further demonstrate that the feature is from a post-Folsom occupation, and probably represents the Firstview occupation of the site. The Lindenmeier site, Colorado, probably produced the first radiocarbon age for the Folsom culture.
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MacDonald, Douglas H. "Subsistence, Sex, and Cultural Transmission in Folsom Culture." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 17, no. 3 (September 1998): 217–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaar.1998.0325.
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Sellet, Frederic, James Donohue, and Matthew G. Hill. "The Jim Pitts Site: A Stratified Paleoindian Site in the Black Hills of South Dakota." American Antiquity 74, no. 4 (October 2009): 735–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002731600049039.
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The Jim Pitts site is a multicomponent Paleoindian locality in the Black Hills of South Dakota, with a rare Goshen residential occupation. All Paleoindian components were comprised in the Leonard paleosol. The deepest component at the site is a Goshen level dated to 10,185 ± 25 B.P. It correlates with a late fall-early winter camp site. Over the course of its use parts of at least five bison were procured and introduced to the site. Above this level an array of point styles, including Goshen, Folsom, Agate Basin, several Fishtail points, James Allen, Cody, and Alberta, have also been found. The following study provides a typological and technological description of the point assemblage and weighs the implications of the chrono-cultural stratigraphy for reconstructing the Paleoindian cultural landscape. It questions the validity of some types, particularly Goshen, as cultural and chronological markers. Ultimately, the evidence presented here reinforces a model in which multiple Paleoindian point types occur simultaneously on the central and northern Great Plains. This in turn challenges a unilineal view of Paleoindian culture history.
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Wiggers, J. B., and N. Daneman. "The culture of follow-up blood cultures." Clinical Microbiology and Infection 26, no. 7 (July 2020): 811–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.003.
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Ortega Villasenor, Humberto, and Genaro Quinones Trujillo. "Aboriginal Cultures and Technocratic Culture." Essays in Philosophy 6, no. 1 (2005): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eip20056128.
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Threatened aboriginal cultures provide valuable criteria for fruitful criticism of the dominant Western cultural paradigm and perceptual model, which many take for granted as the inevitable path for humankind to follow. However, this Western model has proven itself to be imprecise and limiting. It obscures fundamental aspects of human nature, such as the mythical, religious dimension, and communication with the Cosmos. Modern technology, high-speed communication and mass media affect our ability to perceive reality and respond to it. Non-Western worldviews could help us to regain meaningful communication with Nature and to learn new ways of perceiving our world.
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Byers, Karin E., Anne M. Anglim, Cynthia J. Anneski, and Barry M. Farr. "Duration of Colonization with Vancomycin-ResistantEnterococcus." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 23, no. 4 (April 2002): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502036.
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Objective:To determine the duration of colonization with vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus(VRE) and the adequacy of 3 consecutive negative cultures to determine clearance.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:A university hospital.Population:Patients identified by perirectal cultures as VRE carriers who had follow-up cultures.Methods:Follow-up perirectal cultures were collected in inpatient and outpatient settings, at least 1 week apart, when patients were not receiving antibiotics with activity against VRE. The likelihood of culture positivity was analyzed given prior culture results and time from the initial positive culture.Results:A total of 116 patients colonized with VRE had 423 follow-up cultures, a mean of 204 days (range, 4 to 709 days) after their initial isolate. The first follow-up culture, collected a mean of 125 days after the initial positive isolate, was negative in 64%. After 1 negative follow-up culture, the next one was negative in 92% of the patients. After 2 negative cultures, 95% remained culture-negative. After 3 sequential negative cultures, 35 (95%) of 37 patients remained culture-negative. As the interval between the initial and the follow-up isolates increased, the probability that a subsequent culture would be positive decreased (P< .001, chi square for trend). Prolonged hospitalization, intensive care, and antibiotic use each decreased the likelihood of clearing VRE.Conclusion:These data support the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criterion of 3 sequential negative cultures, at least 1 week apart, to remove patients from VRE isolation. Nevertheless, this may reflect a decrease in the quantity of VRE to an undetectable level and these patients should be observed for relapse, especially when re-treated with antibiotics.
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Walji, N., A. Greer, M. Hewitt, and M. BinKharfi. "P009: Quality improvement and implementation of urine culture follow up process." CJEM 22, S1 (May 2020): S67—S68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2020.217.
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Background: The diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) is made based on symptoms, urinalysis and urine culture. While simple urinary tract infections do not require routine culture, the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) Guidelines state that complicated urinary tract infections should have urine cultures performed to determine which antibiotics are effective, as there is a higher risk of infection with resistant organisms. We hypothesized that the rate of urine cultures sent for complicated UTI is less than is recommended by the literature. Aim Statement: We aimed to implement a follow-up reporting system for Urinary Culture in patients diagnosed with complicated UTIs and raise our Urinary Culture rates in this population to 80% by June 2019. Measures & Design: We performed a single-center chart review using Emergency Department (ED) charts of non-admitted patients. They were audited daily for two weeks to obtain a sample of patients who had a discharge diagnosis of urinary tract infection, pyelonephritis or cystitis. Charts capturing these diagnoses were assessed to see if a culture was clinically indicated and if it was ordered. Charts were screened for the presence of any of the following criteria indicating complicated UTI: known structural or functional abnormality of the urinary tract, genitourinary obstruction, pregnancy, immunosuppression, diabetes, indwelling or intermittent catheter use, fever, male patient, clinical pyelonephritis, antimicrobial failure, or transfer from a nursing home. Data was then compiled to determine culture rates in complicated and uncomplicated UTIs. This prevalence rate established the baseline performance in the ED which was used to inform the quality improvement project. Evaluation/Results: Over a two week period, 26 patients were discharged from the ED with a diagnosis of UTI, with 17 of these patients meeting criteria for complicated UTI. Only 6 of 17 complicated UTIs were sent for urine culture, therefore our pre-implementation culture rate was 35%. After initial data collection, a follow-up system was designed ensuring that urine culture and sensitivities results would be compiled and reviewed daily at Hamilton Health Sciences. This system was created with input from key stakeholders including department chiefs, core lab services, ED physicians and business clerks. A discrepancy form was created for documentation of culture result recognition and any required patient follow up ie. antibiotic change. In October 2019, the system had been implemented for a month, after which another chart review was completed. 27 cases were captured, 18 of which were complicated. The complicated culture rate had increased significantly from 35% to 72%. Discussion/Impact: In the ED, ordering of cultures for patients being discharged, regardless of type, is commonly associated with concern of result follow up, which may take up to 72 hours. This discrepancy system was implemented to ensure that all urine cultures ordered had appropriate follow up, thus supporting physicians in ordering cultures when indicated. The significant improvement in culture rate from 35% to 72% is balanced by one single culture of all 9 simple UTIs (11%). In PDSA cycle 2, we hope to increase rates to 90% by improving current challenges with the system.
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Lekkerkerk, Wouter S. N., Marissa Uljee, Ante Prkić, Britta D. P. J. Maas, Juliëtte A. Severin, and Margreet C. Vos. "Follow-up cultures for MRSA after eradication therapy: Are three culture-sets enough?" Journal of Infection 70, no. 5 (May 2015): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2015.01.006.
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Siegel, Harvey. "Multiculturalism and rationality." Theory and Research in Education 5, no. 2 (July 2007): 203–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477878507077735.
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Do cultures differ with respect to judgments of rationality? If so, does it follow that rationality is culturally specific, or that cultures have their own `rationalities'? If so, does it further follow that the philosophical status or worthiness of multiculturalism as a social value or ideal varies from culture to culture? In this article I consider the relationship between rationality and multiculturalism; offer a characterization of the latter that enables it to survive Stanley Fish$quoteright$s claim that `no one could possibly be a multiculturalist in any interesting and coherent sense'; criticize Richard Shweder$quoteright$s case for `divergent rationality'; and argue for a `universalistic', culture-independent understanding of rationality.
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Vazquez Deida, Axel, Veronica Salazar, Lilly Lee, and Lilian Abbo. "2080. Impact of an Emergency Department Post-discharge Blood Culture Follow-up Program." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S701—S702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1760.
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Abstract Background Blood cultures are the gold standard in the identification of laboratory confirmed bloodstream infections (LCBI) but contamination can lead to unnecessary interventions. This study sought to assess the number of unwarranted admissions in patients with contaminated blood cultures post-discharge and at low risk for LCBI before and after the implementation of a multidisciplinary emergency department (ED) blood culture follow-up program. Methods This was a two-phase retrospective cohort study at a tertiary care, 1,550-bed, academic hospital and level I trauma center in southeast Florida. Phase 1 assessed interventions made on patients 18 years of age or older discharged from the ED or a hospital observation unit with a positive blood culture result post-discharge from March 2018 to July 2018. Phase 2 assessed interventions made from December 2018 to March 2019 post-implementation of the multidisciplinary follow-up program. The criteria for low risk of LCBI were lack of risk factors for infection and < 2 positive blood cultures with a commensal bacteria with no symptoms of fever or hypotension on the date of specimen collection and 3 days before or after such date. Results Among patients at low risk for LCBI (46% of 24 patients in phase 1 vs. 59% of 22 patients in phase 2), unwarranted admissions due to contaminated blood cultures occurred in 27.3% of patients in phase 1 vs. 0% of patients in phase 2 (P = 0.08). Phase 1 represented a period in which systematic reporting and evaluation of positive results and patient follow-up were not in place. Phase 2 consisted of daily pharmacist-led blood culture reviews with callback nurse follow-up and therapeutic care plan development with ED physicians. The number of contaminant isolates was relatively high (Figures 1 and 2). Pharmacist-led interventions were diverse (Figure 3). The program led to an estimated total cost avoidance of $16,410.80 in a median of 4.5 months due to unnecessary admissions. Conclusion Implementation of a multidisciplinary ED post-discharge blood culture follow-up program can be an effective strategy in improving patient care and avoiding unnecessary antibiotic therapy. Further interventions aimed at reducing blood culture contamination could have a direct impact on improving ED antimicrobial stewardship. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Qutait, Tasnim. "“Qabbani versus Qur’an”: Arabism and the Umma in Robin Yassin-Kassab’s The Road from Damascus." Open Cultural Studies 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2018-0008.
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Abstract In The Road from Damascus (2008), Syrian-British writer Robin Yassin-Kassab’s debut novel, the protagonist describes “the opposing camps of [his] childhood,” as narratives of “Qabbani versus Qur’an” (56). While Sami’s father idolises the pan-Arabist poet Nizar Qabbani and supports the Syrian regime despite its repressive policies, Sami’s mother, disillusioned with nationalist ideology, turns instead to faith, offering her son a “different mythology” based on “the adventures of God’s messengers” (53). Tracing Sami’s negotiations of these seemingly opposed inherited narratives, Yassin-Kassab’s novel examines the lingering impact of pan-Arabism and the alternatives offered by Islamic frameworks. While critics have previously approached this novel as part of a growing corpus of British Muslim fiction, in this essay, I focus more closely on the novel’s interrogation of Arab nationalism. As I will show, Yassin-Kassab’s novel unfolds as a series of ideological disillusionments that chart the protagonist’s confrontation with the failure of nationalist politics. Inviting the reader to follow the protagonist’s successive conversions and de-conversion from various forms of nationalism, Yassin-Kassab’s representation of the polarisation between “Qabbani versus Qur’an” poses the question of how one might find alternatives beyond such restrictive dichotomies, dramatizing the inadequacies of political vision in the Arab world today.
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Uribe Zapata, Alejandro. "Cultura digital emergente y prácticas educativas expandidas: reflexiones desde Platohedro." Folios, no. 51 (December 6, 2019): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17227/folios.51-9577.
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Este artículo de reflexión explora las relaciones entre las categorías de hibridez, agencia, socialización, farmacón y decolonización en el marco de una época posdigital y una práctica educativa expandida. Las categorías emergieron después de un trabajo de campo realizado durante el 2016 en Platohedro, una iniciativa de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cualitativo, se apoyó en una versión constructivista de la teoría fundamentada y uno de los objetivos era comprender la emergencia de algunas prácticas ciudadanas juveniles que usan de manera intensiva internet. Se cierra el artículo presentando algunas implicaciones educativas.
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Kubica, Paweł, Agnieszka Szopa, Adam Kokotkiewicz, Natalizia Miceli, Maria Fernanda Taviano, Alessandro Maugeri, Santa Cirmi, et al. "Production of Verbascoside, Isoverbascoside and Phenolic Acids in Callus, Suspension, and Bioreactor Cultures of Verbena officinalis and Biological Properties of Biomass Extracts." Molecules 25, no. 23 (November 28, 2020): 5609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25235609.
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Callus, suspension and bioreactor cultures of Verbena officinalis were established, and optimized for biomass growth and production of phenylpropanoid glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids and iridoids. All types of cultures were maintained on/in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with 1 mg/L BAP and 1 mg/L NAA. The inoculum sizes were optimized in callus and suspension cultures. Moreover, the growth of the culture in two different types of bioreactors—a balloon bioreactor (BB) and a stirred-tank bioreactor (STB) was tested. In methanolic extracts from biomass of all types of in vitro cultures the presence of the same metabolites—verbascoside, isoverbascoside, and six phenolic acids: protocatechuic, chlorogenic, vanillic, caffeic, ferulic and rosmarinic acids was confirmed and quantified by the HPLC-DAD method. In the extracts from lyophilized culture media, no metabolites were found. The main metabolites in biomass extracts were verbascoside and isoverbascoside. Their maximum amounts in g/100 g DW (dry weight) in the tested types of cultures were as follow: 7.25 and 0.61 (callus), 7.06 and 0.48 (suspension), 7.69 and 0.31 (BB), 9.18 and 0.34 (STB). The amounts of phenolic acids were many times lower, max. total content reached of 26.90, 50.72, 19.88, and 36.78 mg/100 g DW, respectively. The highest content of verbascoside and also a high content of isoverbascoside obtained in STB (stirred-tank bioreactor) were 5.3 and 7.8 times higher than in extracts from overground parts of the parent plant. In the extracts from parent plant two iridoids—verbenalin and hastatoside, were also abundant. All investigated biomass extracts and the extracts from parent plant showed the antiproliferative, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The strongest activities were documented for the cultures maintained in STB. We propose extracts from in vitro cultured biomass of vervain, especially from STB, as a rich source of bioactive metabolites with antiproliferative, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
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Lee, Karla C. L., and Amy S. Kapatkin. "Positive Intraoperative Cultures and Canine Total Hip Replacement: Risk Factors, Periprosthetic Infection, and Surgical Success." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 38, no. 3 (May 1, 2002): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0380271.
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The results of closing intraoperative cultures from 27 canine total hip replacements (THR) were reviewed. The relationship between these culture results and presurgical and surgical factors, and the short- and long-term success of THR were assessed. Eleven out of 27 cases had a positive culture, but none of these 11 cases were diagnosed with periprosthetic infection at follow-up examination. The duration of the clinical signs of hip disease prior to THR was significantly greater for those cases with a positive culture (P=0.034). The incidence of positive cultures was not related to surgical success.
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Whitworth, Richard. "A Follow-up to Pop Culture: The Unpopular Culture." English Journal 76, no. 1 (January 1987): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/818299.
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Carlson, John B., and Mark Van Stone. "The 2012 phenomenon: Maya calendar, astronomy, and apocalypticism in the worlds of scholarship and global popular culture." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 7, S278 (January 2011): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311012609.
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AbstractThis essay introduces the papers from the specially organized session on the theme ‘The 2012 phenomenon: Maya calendar, astronomy, and apocalypticism in the worlds of scholarship and popular culture’. The papers that follow address this topical theme in the contexts of Maya and Western cultures as well as academic and popular cultures.
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Papavarnavas, N. S., A. J. Brink, S. Dlamini, S. Wasserman, A. Whitelaw, N. A. B. Ntusi, and M. Mendelson. "Practice update to optimise the performance and interpretation of blood cultures: 2022." South African Medical Journal 112, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/samj.2022.v112i6.16537.
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Blood cultures are an important diagnostic and antibiotic stewardship tool to aid in treatment, monitoring and prognosis of patients with infection. This guideline is intended to update our 2010 guideline on the optimal use of blood cultures. Since then, there have been significant changes to the definitions of sepsis, guidance on the number of blood cultures recommended per draw, central and peripheral line blood cultures, advances in mitigating culture contamination, updates on the indications for blood cultures, and guidance on performance of follow-up cultures.
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Brzychczyk, Beata, Tomasz Hebda, Jakub Fitas, and Jan Giełżecki. "The Follow-up Photobioreactor Illumination System for the Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microorganisms." Energies 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2020): 1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051143.
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The article presents the basic conceptual assumptions of a photobioreactor with a complementary lighting system. The cylindrical bioreactor has three independent, interconnected, and fully controlled lighting systems. A characteristic feature is the combination of the lighting system with the measurement of photosynthetically active PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) and the optical density of the culture medium. The entire lighting system is based on RGBW (“red, green, blue, white”) LED and RBG (“red, green, blue”) LEDs. The pilot study was conducted on a simplified prototype of a photobioreactor designed for the distribution and optimization of light in algae cultures designed for energy purposes. The study was carried out on microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris BA0002a from the collection of marine algae cultures.
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Wydooghe, E., L. Vandaele, and A. Van Soom. "1 AUTOCRINE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN BOVINE EMBRYOS CULTURED IN Primo Vision DISHES® OUTWEIGHS POSSIBLE NEGATIVE INFLUENCES OF BAD EMBRYOS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 26, no. 1 (2014): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv26n1ab1.
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Group culture is being used extensively for mammalian embryos, but has not been adopted so far in human embryo culture. Some doubts about its possible benefits remain because it has been hypothesised that bad quality embryos might have a negative effect on other embryos. New group culture devices have been designed allowing individual follow-up of embryos, such as Primo Vision dishes® (well of-the-well for 10 embryos in group culture; Cryo-Innovation, Budapest, Hungary). By using Primo Vision dishes®, we investigated the influence of the developmental stage of the neighbours and co-cultured embryos on the outcome at 192 h post-insemination (hpi) of a particular embryo compared with its individually cultured counterparts. Bovine presumed zygotes (n = 789; 4 replicates) produced in vitro were randomly allocated to Primo Vision dishes® or individual culture in SOF supplemented with 0.4% BSA and insulin, transferrin, selenium (Wydooghe et al. 2013 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. Epub). Cleavage rate was checked at 45 hpi: 5- to 8-cell embryos were classified as fast embryos and 2- to 4-cell embryos as slow embryos. Blastocyst development was evaluated at 192 hpi. Moreover, to evaluate which embryos benefited most from being in group (fast or slow embryos), we looked retrospectively at the influence of the developmental stage of the neighbours and the co-cultured embryos on blastocyst development. This was done separately for slow and fast embryos compared with their individually cultured counterparts. Statistical analysis was done using a binary logistic regression model, with group and replicate as fixed effects. Blastocyst development in Primo Vision dishes® was significantly better than individual culture (39.0% v. 28.5%). This beneficial outcome was mainly caused by a higher blastocyst development of slow embryos. A markedly higher percentage of slow embryos developed into a blastocyst at 192 hpi if they were surrounded by many embryos that also developed into a blastocyst, compared with individually cultured slow embryos (odds ratio: 3.0). In this study, we showed that embryos that were not cleaved at 45 hpi did not negatively affect the potential of their neighbours to become a blastocyst at 192 hpi, regardless of whether the embryo in question was a fast or a slow embryo. However, when fast embryos were in a less than favourable environment, meaning that less than 30% of their co-cultured embryos reached the blastocyst stage, blastocyst development was compromised compared with individual culture of fast embryos (odds ratio: 0.3). From our results, we clearly show that Primo Vision dishes® can combine the benefits of group culture (autocrine communication) and individual culture (individual follow-up). Taking fast embryos out of the Primo Vision dish® for further individual culture while slow embryos remain in group is a possible approach to increase total blastocyst rates.
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Harrison, Cecelia K., Robie Zent, Elyse Schneck, Cynthia E. Flynn, and Marci Drees. "854. Infection Prevention vs. Antimicrobial Stewardship: Does Nasal Povidone-Iodine Interfere with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Screening?" Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S467—S468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1043.
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Abstract Background As part of universal decolonization, intensive care unit (ICU) patients may receive intranasal mupirocin to reduce MRSA infections. However, due to concerns about widespread use of mupirocin promoting resistance, some have proposed a bactericidal antiseptic, povidone-iodine (P-I), as an alternative. There are few data as to whether either agent reduces the sensitivity of MRSA nares screening. This study aimed to discern whether intranasal P-I interferes with MRSA screening via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or culture. Methods We performed a prospective proof-of-concept cohort study at our >1200-bed, community-based academic health care system, enrolling 20 patients who screened MRSA-positive by PCR on admission to a medical ICU, medical-surgical ICU, or medical stepdown unit. All patients received twice-daily intranasal P-I (7.5%) for 5 days or until unit discharge. We obtained follow-up nasal MRSA PCR tests after 4-6 days, and confirmed all PCR results with MRSA cultures using CHROMagar™. We calculated sensitivity of MRSA PCR at follow-up using culture as the gold standard. Results Twenty patients were enrolled, with a median age of 72 years (range, 53-91). Most (75%) were admitted with active infection, and 40% had known MRSA history. All baseline PCRs were confirmed by positive culture. Patients underwent a mean of 8.1 (range, 4-13) nasal P-I applications prior to follow-up testing. At follow up, 16/20 (80%) remained MRSA-positive via both PCR and culture. Of the 4 patients with negative follow-up results, 1 was both PCR-/culture-, 2 were PCR+/culture- and 1 was PCR-/culture+. All 4 had received ≥1 doses of vancomycin, and one person had received ≥1 doses of linezolid. The sensitivity of MRSA PCR at follow-up was 94%. Conclusion MRSA PCR remains highly sensitive even after multiple applications of P-I, and may be more sensitive than culture. If clinicians wish to screen for MRSA for stewardship or other purposes, receipt of nasal P-I should not be a deterrent. However, the fact that most patients remained culture-positive after 4-13 applications raises concerns that P-I is less effective than mupirocin for clearing nasal colonization. We recommend using quantitative cultures to further investigate the effectiveness of nasal P-I. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Joseph, Paul R. "Follow-up Throat Cultures." Clinical Pediatrics 40, no. 9 (September 2001): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000992280104000914.
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Sofronijević, Adam, and Svetlana Grubor. "Culture relationships between Serbia and Japan: An Internet research." Bastina, no. 51 (2020): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bastina30-27508.
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Paper presents Internet research into culture relationships between Serbia and Japan. The research has been conducted within the framework of available digital tools that allow for insights into culture relationships between Japan and geographical area of Republic of Serbia, but not between Japan and integral Serbian culture area, and in this regards the paper is specific call for action for such tools to be produced in the future that will provide for possibilities for scientific research and insights into complete sphere of relationships between Serbian culture area and other cultures and peoples. Paper presents the research into historic newspapers based on keyword searchable digital library pretraziva.rs, newspaper archives Ebart and Google services of Advanced search and Google Trends. All the results point into the direction of establishing the fact that strong culture relations exist between Japan and Serbia from the end of 19th century until today. Paper shows that these relationships follow the path of development of technological basis that grounds communication among two peoples and two cultures, and comparative analysis of relationships with other nations and states show that relationships between Japan and Serbia have unusual high level considering geographical distance and traditional gap between these two cultures in the centuries before the period of globalization allowed for their meeting, mixing and mutual influences.
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Bhandari, Nagendra Bahadur. "Reinventing the Self: Cultural Negotiation of LuLing in Amy Tan’s The Bonesetter’s Daughter." Prithvi Academic Journal 3 (June 21, 2020): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/paj.v3i0.29561.
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In Amy Tan’s The Bonesetter’s Daughter, Chinese American mother LuLing involves in the self-exploration vacillating between her home and host cultures. The Chinese immigrant LuLing cannot remain totally independent of her indigenous culture of her native country China. Consequently, she demonstrates residual of Chinese culture in her diasporic life. Moreover, she forces her American born daughter to follow the same which sometimes renders conflict in mother-daughter relation. However, she cannot resist the influences of the culture of host country in the United States. She follows certain practices of American cultures. At the same time, she manifests an ambivalent attitude to both cultures. In such cultural interaction, her subjectivity encompasses multiplicities and pluralities by deconstructing the binary of the home and host culture. In this article, the formation of her subjectivity is analyzed through the critical postulations of ‘being’ and ‘becoming’ of Stuart Hall and ‘third space’ of Homi Bhabha. Hall’s representation in Bhabha’s third space can be interpreted and analyzed in the light of Arjun Appadurai’s modernity of cultural globalization. Precisely, the cultural interaction in the third space of the diaspora renders fluid and unstable subjectivity of LuLing which simultaneously belongs to past, present and future.
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Nagarakanti, Sandhya, Eliahu Bishburg, and Anita Bapat. "1178. Cardiac Device Infection: Do We Follow the Guidelines?" Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1041.
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Abstract Background Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) such as pacemaker (PPM) and automated implantable cardiac defibrillator (AICD) are commonly utilized in clinical practice. Definitions of device infection (DI) and guidelines for the work up and device extraction (DE) have been published by the American Heart Association and the Infectious Disease Society of America. Our objective was to evaluate whether the work up of DI as recommended was followed, and whether the device was extracted according to guidelines. Methods A retrospective review in a 680-bed tertiary care hospital. Adult patients (patients) >18 years. who were diagnosed as having a DI and had the device extracted between 2008 and 2017 were included. Data were collected on demographics, device duration, blood culture (BC), echocardiogram utilization, lead cultures (LC) and device pocket cultures, appropriateness of extraction as per guidelines. Results Ninety-five patients were included. Mean age 68 years (range 23–90). 67 (70%) were male. Devices included: AICD in 75 (79%), PPM in 20(21%). CIED was present <1 year prior to infection in 24(24%). Compliance with guidelines recommendation to draw blood cultures, obtain an echocardiogram and send lead cultures and device pocket cultures were seen in 100%, 90.5% and 49.4% and 67.7%, respectively. Criteria for extraction was met in 65/95 (69%); reason for extraction was a pocket infection in 16/65(24.6%), bacteremia in 49/65 (75%), infective endocarditis in 38/65(58%). Thirty (31.5%) had device extracted without meeting guidelines recommendation, in 17 a diagnosis of pocket infection but without microbiological criteria or clinical diagnosis. In 9 patients lead vegetations were seen but no cultures to support extraction. Mortality was seen in 4 patients, one during the extraction procedure. Conclusion In our institution, 1/3 of the patients diagnosed with DI had no indication for DE. Guidelines recommendation for CIED extraction should be followed as extraction could be associated with significant complications. In this study, overall compliance with guidelines work up recommendations were not consistently followed, especially LC and device pocket cultures. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Liu, Shuang, Sharon Dane, Cindy Gallois, Catherine Haslam, and Tran Le Nghi Tran. "The Dynamics of Acculturation Among Older Immigrants in Australia." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 51, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 424–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022120927461.
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This study explores different acculturation pathways that older immigrants follow, and the social/cultural identities they claim (or do not claim), as they live and age in Australia. Data were collected from 29 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with older immigrants (65+ years) from nine cultural backgrounds. We used participants’ self-defined cultural identity to explore how these cultural identities were enacted in different contexts. Mapping self-defined cultural identity with narratives about what participants do in relation to ethnic and host cultures, we found three dynamic acculturation pathways: (a) identifying with the ethnic culture while embracing aspects of Australian culture, (b) identifying with Australian culture while participating in the ethnic culture, and (c) identifying with both cultures while maintaining the way of life of the ethnic culture. These pathways show that acculturation strategies are not necessarily consistent with self-defined identity, within the same individual or over time. Rather, the participants’ narratives suggest that their life in the settlement country involves ongoing negotiation across people, culture, and relationships. The findings highlight the importance for acculturation research to be situated in the context in which immigrants find themselves, to capture the nuances of these dynamic acculturation experiences.
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Kim, Emily Y., Ursula Patel, Bhairvi Patel, and Katie J. Suda. "Evaluation of Bacteriuria Treatment and Follow-up Initiated in the Emergency Department at a Veterans Affairs Hospital." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 33, no. 5 (July 14, 2017): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8755122517718214.
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Background: This study aims to evaluate the treatment and follow-up of bacteriuria in the emergency department (ED). Objective: The primary objective was to determine the frequency of patients discharged from the ED with antibiotics for symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria, and the secondary objectives were to determine the frequency of patients receiving postdischarge antibiotic interventions and antibiotic-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Methods: This retrospective study evaluated patients with ED urine cultures sent between October 1, 2015, and November 24, 2015. Patients with indwelling catheters, concurrent antibiotics, and admission for inpatient care were excluded. T tests and contingency tables were applied in SAS; P < .05 was considered significant. Results: Of 429 unique patients with urine cultures drawn in the ED, 13.1% (n = 56) received treatment for a bacteriuria. The majority of patients discharged from the ED with antibiotics had urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms documented in the medical record (76.8%; n = 43). Of those patients who required postdischarge interventions, 4 out of 13 had appropriate antibiotic adjustments based on culture and sensitivity results at follow-up. In a subset of patients with inappropriately ordered urine cultures (no UTI symptoms documented or antibiotic prescribed), a higher percentage of patients had normal urinalyses (UA) compared to abnormal UAs (83.3% vs 10.4%, P = .0008). No significant ADRs were identified. Conclusions: The majority of patients treated for bacteriuria in the ED had documented symptoms consistent with UTIs and appropriate empiric antibiotics. However, incorporating antimicrobial stewardship activities in the ED targeting unnecessary urine cultures and assuring postdischarge follow-up if treatment modification is needed based on culture results can improve antibiotic prescribing.
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Acquisto, Nicole M., and Stephanie N. Baker. "Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Emergency Department." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 24, no. 2 (March 14, 2011): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011400555.
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The practice of antimicrobial stewardship can be defined as optimizing clinical outcomes while minimizing the consequences of antimicrobial therapy such as resistance and superinfection. Antimicrobial stewardship can be difficult to transition to the emergency department (ED) since the traditional activities include the evaluation of broad-spectrum antimicrobial regimens at 72 and 96 hours and intravenous to oral medication conversion. The emergency medicine clinical pharmacist (EPh) has the knowledge and clinical assessment skills to manage an antimicrobial stewardship program focused on culture follow-up for patients discharged from the ED. This paper summarizes the experiences of developing an EPh-managed antimicrobial stewardship and culture follow-up program in the ED from 2 separate institutions. Specifically, the focus is on the steps for establishing an EPh-managed antimicrobial stewardship program, a description of the culture follow-up process, managing the culture data and cultures that require emergent notification and review, medical/legal concerns, and barriers to implementation. Outcomes data available from institutions with similar ED based antimicrobial stewardship programs are also discussed.
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Dickstein, Yaakov, Yuval Geffen, Steen Andreassen, Leonard Leibovici, and Mical Paul. "Predicting Antibiotic Resistance in Urinary Tract Infection Patients with Prior Urine Cultures." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 60, no. 8 (May 23, 2016): 4717–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00202-16.
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ABSTRACTTo improve antibiotic prescribing, we sought to establish the probability of a resistant organism in urine culture given a previous resistant culture in a setting endemic for multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms. We performed a retrospective analysis of inpatients with paired positive urine cultures. We focused on ciprofloxacin-resistant (cipror) Gram-negative bacteria, extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producingEnterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae(CRE), and carbapenem-resistant nonfermenters (CRNF). Comparisons were made between the frequency of each resistance phenotype following a previous culture with the same phenotype and the overall frequency of that phenotype, and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. We performed a regression to assess the effects of other variables on the likelihood of a repeat resistant culture. A total of 4,409 patients (52.5% women; median age, 70 years) with 19,546 paired positive urine cultures were analyzed. The frequencies of ciprorbacteria, ESBL-producingEnterobacteriaceae, CRE, and CRNF among all cultures were 47.7%, 30.6%, 1.7%, and 2.6%, respectively. ORs for repeated resistance phenotypes were 1.87, 3.19, 48.25, and 19.02 for ciprorbacteria, ESBL-producingEnterobacteriaceae, CRE, and CRNF, respectively (P< 0.001 for all). At 1 month, the frequencies of repeated resistance phenotypes were 77.4%, 66.4%, 57.1%, and 33.3% for ciprorbacteria, ESBL-producingEnterobacteriaceae, CRE, and CRNF, respectively. Increasing time between cultures and the presence of an intervening nonresistant culture significantly reduced the chances of a repeat resistant culture. Associations were statistically significant over the duration of follow-up (60 months) for CRE and for up to 6 months for all other pathogens. Knowledge of microbiology results in the six preceding months may assist with antibiotic stewardship and improve the appropriateness of empirical treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs).
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Wydooghe, Eline, Leen Vandaele, Sofie Piepers, Jeroen Dewulf, Etienne Van den Abbeel, Petra De Sutter, and Ann Van Soom. "Individual commitment to a group effect: strengths and weaknesses of bovine embryo group culture." REPRODUCTION 148, no. 5 (November 2014): 519–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-14-0213.
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Recently, new culture devices such as Corral and Primo Vision dishes have been designed for the culture of human embryos to allow the combination of group culture plus follow-up of individual embryos. Bovine inseminated oocytes were allocated to Primo Vision dishes, Corral dishes, individual culture or classical group culture. Blastocyst development in Primo Vision dishes was similar to classical group culture (34.3 and 39.0% respectively), and better than Corral dishes or individual culture (28.9 and 28.5% respectively). In Primo Vision dishes, a higher number of ‘slow’ embryos developed to the blastocyst stage compared with their individually cultured counterparts, while no differences were observed for ‘fast’ embryos. ‘Slow’ embryos in a ‘standard drop’ had a higher chance of becoming a blastocyst compared with individual culture (OR: 2.3), whereas blastulation of ‘fast’ embryos was less efficient in a ‘delayed drop’ than in individual culture (OR: 0.3). The number of non-cleaved embryos in Primo Vision dishes did not negatively influence blastocyst development. Likewise, removing non-cleaved embryos (NC removed) and regrouping the cleaved embryos afterwards (ReGR) did not affect blastocyst development and quality compared with group culture in Primo Vision dishes (CTRL, 31.6%, NC removed, 29.3% and ReGR, 29.6%). The experiments revealed that group culture of bovine embryos in Primo Vision dishes is superior to individual culture, primarily because of the higher blastocyst rate achieved by slow embryos. Non-cleaved or arrested embryos do not hamper the ability of co-cultured bovine embryos to reach the blastocyst stage in group culture.
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Zhu, W. Y., M. K. Theodorou, B. B. Nielsen, and A. P. J. Trinci. "Screening of anaerobic gut fungi using a pressure transducer." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032857.
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The growth of gut anaerobic fungi is usually determined in batch culture by gravimetric measurements of dry-matter (DM) loss, or by quantification of fermentation end-products (Loweet al., 1987). These techniques involve destructive sampling of the cultures and require many replicate cultures in time-course experiments. Moreover, techniques using DM loss are only able to measure the end-point of degradation of substrate and cannot follow the growth over the entire fermentation period. Using a pressure transducer, Theodorouet al. (1994) developed a simple and sensitive gas production procedure to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant foods. This procedure can also be used to follow the growth of anaerobic fungi on soluble and particulate substrate in batch cultures Theodorouet al. (1995).
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Widyawati, Fransiska, and Yohanes Servatius Lon. "LOCAL CULTURE EDUCATION IN MANGGARAI." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Missio 14, no. 2 (August 3, 2022): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36928/jpkm.v14i2.1226.
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The uniqueness of each culture is undoubtedly an asset to the nation. However, globalization has made strong global culture dominate and weaken the local cultures. This study is essential for maintaining and strengthening local cultures such as Manggaraian culture. It argues that 1) Cultural education is so natural to man that human nature can only be revealed through education and culture. 2) Local cultural education builds attitudes, knowledge, and skills so that students know and love their area's physical, social, cultural, and spiritual environment. 3) Local cultural education contributes very positively to the preservation and development of local wisdom, and it will be helpful for national development and global civilization. 4) Local cultural education must follow students' development and comprehensible competence and must be flexible in type, form, and arrangement. This study recommends the cooperation and involvement of parties such as the government, the educational institute, and the community to succeed in the local cultural education in Manggarai. It is especially recommended for the local government to provide legal, political, and financial support.
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Khairullah, Quresh, Robert Provenzano, Jukaku Tayeb, Aijaz Ahmad, Radhakrishnan Balakrishnan, and Linda Morrison. "Comparison of Vancomycin versus Cefazolin as Initial Therapy for Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 22, no. 3 (May 2002): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080202200307.
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The incidence of peritonitis ranges from 1 episode every 24 patient treatment months to 1 episode every 60 patient treatment months [Keane WF, et al. ISPD Guidelines/Recommendations. Adult peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis treatment recommendations: 2000 update. Perit Dial Int 2000; 20:396–411.]. Gram-positive organisms account for over 80% of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis. Recent fear of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) has prompted suggestions of limiting vancomycin use. Fifty-one episodes of peritonitis in 30 patients studied over 2 years were evaluated. Cloudiness of the PD fluid and/or abdominal pain were considered suggestive of peritonitis and were confirmed by cell count and culture. Baseline cell count, Gram stain, and cultures were obtained, with periodic follow-up. Patients were randomized to receive either vancomycin 1 g/L intraperitoneally (IP) as loading dose, repeated on day 5 or day 8, depending on residual renal function, for 2 weeks, or cefazolin 1 g in the first PD bag and continued with 125 mg/L every exchange for 2 or 3 weeks, depending on culture results. All patients also received gentamicin 40 mg IP every day until the culture results were available. A similar randomized trial comparing vancomycin and cefazolin in the past used a lower concentration of cefazolin 50 mg/L [Flanigan MJ, Lim VS. Initial treatment of dialysis associated peritonitis: a controlled trial of vancomycin versus cefazolin. Perit Dial Int 1991; 11:31–7.]. Peritoneal dialysate fluid cultures revealed 31 (60.7%) gram-positive organisms, 7 (13.7%) gram-negative organisms, and 2 (3.9%) cultured yeast; 11 (21.5%) cultures yielded no growth. The incidence of peritonitis at our center was 1 episode every 42 patient treatment months. No case of VRE was noted. There was no statistical difference in clinical response or relapse rate for the two protocols. It was the authors’ and nurses’ observation that patient compliance and satisfaction was better with vancomycin, and the cost per treatment was 23% less than cefazolin. Based on these data we believe vancomycin should still be considered for first-line treatment of PD-associated peritonitis.
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Chen, Zhiming. "An Analysis of the Embodiment of Chinese Tea Culture in English Language and Literature Translation." Lifelong Education 9, no. 5 (August 2, 2020): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/le.v9i5.1248.
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China’s tea culture has a long history. From the Silk Road to the Ancient Tea-Horse Road, the unique charm of tea has affected all parts of the world. With the increasing frequency of trade exchanges between China and the West in recent years, tea culture has also had a profound impact on the literary field of trade areas. influences. This article first analyzes the differences between Chinese and Western tea cultures, and then discusses the principles that China's tea culture should follow in the process of English translation, so as to allow China's tea culture to be more accurately spread to English-speaking countries, and to further promote the world's multicultural exchanges. , Let more people understand the tea culture of our country and experience the cultural charm of it.
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Bahagia, Bahagia, Leny Muniroh, Abdul Karim Halim, Rimun Wibowo, Azhar Al Wahid, Muhammad Shiddiq Ilham Noor, Tiwi Siswanti, and Rizkal Rizkal. "The Impact of K-POP Culture in Student in Teacher View." Jurnal Basicedu 6, no. 3 (May 12, 2022): 5311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2444.
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K-POP culture is not native to Indonesia but comes from Korea. This study aims to determine the impact of K-Pop culture on the behavior of school children from the teacher's point of view. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. Meanwhile, respondents were selected by using a purposive technique, namely setting a sample with various considerations. This study chose teachers as respondents. The results showed the spread of K-pop culture through social media such as Facebook and Instagram and the world of digitalization such as Tik-Tok. Friends also influence the spread of K-pop because other friends will follow the behavior of their friends. Then, K-pop culture has the potential to erode local culture such as angklung and jaipongan in Sundanese society because generations of school children can prefer K-pop culture. This condition is influenced by the role of parents. When parents are literate in Sundanese local culture and make that culture into life behavior, the children at home will follow the example. Likewise in schools, when schools instill local culture, school children will participate in that culture. Simultaneously, the community environment supports local culture, so there will be filtration of culture from abroad. But it is not wrong to learn about other cultures. K-pop also generates economic value because salons as a place to change hairstyles will sell well, and Korean-style fashion will also sell and grow Korean food and beverage cuisine
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van Eck, Joyce, Wai-Yan Liu, Jon H. M. Goosen, Wim H. C. Rijnen, Babette C. van der Zwaard, Petra Heesterbeek, and Walter van der Weegen. "Higher 1-year risk of implant removal for culture-positive than for culture-negative DAIR patients following 359 primary hip or knee arthroplasties." Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 7, no. 4 (July 6, 2022): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jbji-7-143-2022.
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Abstract. Background and purpose: To date, the value of culture results after debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) for early (suspected) prosthetic joint infection (PJI) as risk indicators in terms of prosthesis retention is not clear. At the 1-year follow-up, the relative risk of prosthesis removal was determined for culture-positive and culture-negative DAIR patients after primary total hip or knee arthroplasty. The secondary aim of this work was to explore differences in patient characteristics, infection characteristics, and outcomes between these two groups. Methods: A retrospective regional registry study was performed in a group of 359 patients (positive cultures: n=299; negative cultures: n=60) undergoing DAIR for high suspicion of early PJI in the period from 2014 to 2019. Differences in patient characteristics, the number of deceased patients, and the number of subsequent DAIR treatments between the culture-positive and culture-negative DAIR groups were analysed using independent t tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, Pearson's chi-square tests, and Fisher's exact tests. Results: The overall implant survival rate following DAIR was 89 %. The relative risk of prosthesis removal was 7.4 times higher (95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.0–53.1) in the culture-positive DAIR group (37 of 299, 12.4 %) compared with the culture-negative DAIR group (1 of 60, 1.7 %). The culture-positive group had a higher body mass index (p=0.034), a rate of wound leakage of >10 d (p=0.016), and more subsequent DAIR treatments (p=0.006). Interpretation: As implant survival results after DAIR are favourable, the threshold to perform a DAIR procedure for early (suspected) PJI should be low in order to retain the prosthesis. A DAIR procedure in the case of negative cultures does not seem to have unfavourable results in terms of prosthesis retention.
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Tangsgaard, Emily Rose. "How Do Public Service Professionals Behave in Risky Situations? The Importance of Organizational Culture." American Review of Public Administration 51, no. 7 (April 27, 2021): 492–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02750740211010348.
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Many situations in public service delivery are characterized by uncertainty about the potential negative consequences following decisions. These risky situations make the behavior of frontline professionals particularly important. But what shapes the risk perception and subsequent behavior of frontline professionals in risky situations? This article explores the idea that organizational culture provides part of the answer. To examine this, a comprehensive qualitative study with participant observations and interviews at five public hospital wards was conducted. The findings demonstrate the importance of organizational culture on risk perception and behavior in risky situations. Basic cultural assumptions related to professional discussion, administering medicine, grading of adverse events, and prioritizing follow-up activities matter to behavior in risky situations. In organizational cultures with high levels of trust and dialogue about decision-making, the health professionals rely on each other and ask for second opinions, when making decisions in risky situations. Conversely, in organizational cultures with little trust and professional discussion, the health professionals are less likely to ask for second opinions and follow up on risky situations, which increases the possibility of unintended, negative consequences. In this way, organizational culture can be a driver of risk-reducing and risk-seeking behavior among frontline professionals.
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Abdou, Mohamed Attia, Ahreum Jo, Ik-Sun Choi, Chae-Jin Iim, Hyeng-Kyu Park, Hee-Kyun Oh, Sung-Min Kim, and Myung-Sun Kim. "Shoulder Joint Infections with Negative Culture Results: Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes." BioMed Research International 2019 (February 12, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3756939.
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Background. The incidence of septic arthritis of the shoulder joint is increasing as the population ages. The prevalence of shoulder infection is also increasing because of the growing use of arthroscopy and expansion of procedures in the shoulder. However, cultures do not always identify all microorganisms, even in symptomatic patients. The incidence of negative cultures ranges from 0% to 25%. Few studies have reported clinical features and treatment outcomes of culture-negative shoulder infections. This cohort study addresses culture-negative shoulder joint infections in nonarthroplasty patients. This study aimed to compare clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with culture-negative results to those with culture-positive results. Our hypothesis was that culture-negative infections would have more favorable outcomes than culture-positive infections. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed data of 36 patients (17 culture-negative and 19 culture-positive) with shoulder infections between June 2004 and March 2015. The minimum follow-up duration was 1.2 years (mean, 5 ± 3.8 years; range, 1.2-11 years). We assessed preoperative demographic data and characteristics, laboratory markers, imaging and functional scores, intraoperative findings, and postoperative findings of both groups. Results. Culture-negative patients (17/36, 47.2%) had a significantly lower occurrence of repeated surgical debridement (culture-negative vs. culture-positive: 1.2 ± 0.4 vs. 2.4 ± 1.7, p = 0.002) without osteomyelitis. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the presence of osteomyelitis [odds ratio (OR) = 9.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-91.8, p=0.04)] and the number of surgical debridements (OR = 5.3, 95% CI: 1.3-21.6, p=0.02) were significantly associated with culture-positive infections. Conclusions. Culture-negative infections without osteomyelitis are less severe than culture-positive infections. Culture-negative infections can be controlled more easily and are not necessarily a negative prognostic factor for shoulder joint infections.
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Herrera, Martha Cecilia, and Vladimir Olaya Gualteros. "Historia del tiempo presente: una mirada desde las prácticas de investigación y formación." Folios, no. 50 (July 2, 2019): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17227/folios.50-7460.
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Los procesos de violencia política en el continente latinoamericano han sido de larga duración, y han incidido en la formación de las subjetividades. En este contexto, el grupo Educación y Cultura Política fundó un programa de formación e investigación que intenta comprender dichos procesos, a partir de la historia del tiempo presente. En este artículo se describe cómo se ha relacionado la formación y la historia del tiempo presente en los trabajos de investigación llevados a cabo en la búsqueda de la comprensión de la configuración de subjetividades en medio de contextos de violencia política.
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Shabrang, Hoda. "Shattered Identity of Immigrant Artist and Creation of Art in a Hybridized Space: The Case Study of A Girl Walks Home Alone at Night." CINEJ Cinema Journal 8, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2020.220.
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In this article, first the “paradox of assimilation and difference” and its consequences will be discussed in the film A Girl Walks Home Alone at Night by Ana Lily Amirpour who is an immigrant Iranian-American director. The aim is to show how her shattered identity as an immigrant is represented in her art. Her movie is an amalgamation of different signs from both cultures. These signs are not completely related to host culture (American) or local culture (Iranian). Although this impossible situation seems very painful at the first glance, it is beneficial for immigrant artist. In this hybridized space, she creates a kind of art which is very innovative and unique, because she is not forced to follow the cliché styles which those cultures are dictating her.
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Martikainen, Paula, Jyrki Suominen, and Kimmo Vihko. "Hormonal control of plasminogen activator secretion in organ culture of rat ventral prostate." Acta Endocrinologica 120, no. 1 (January 1989): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1200043.
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Abstract. The usefulness of plasminogen activators (PAs) in the follow-up of the secretory function of the prostate in culture, as well as the hormonal control of these secretory proteins was studied. Organ culture of rat ventral prostate was used as an experimental model. PA secreted into the culture medium during the two weeks' culture period was of the urokinase-type in all culture conditions, as determined by zymography. The highest activities at the end of culture were found in the involuting prostate in cultures without any hormones. As the epithelial component is strongly reduced in the involuted explants, these high activities were suggested to be derived from stroma. Corticosterone (10−7 mol/l) and insulin (80 U/l) reduced significantly the secretion of PA, and this reduction was attenuated when the favourable effect of these hormones on the maintenance of morphology and tissue weight was taken into account. Testosterone (10−7 mol/l) increased significantly the secretion of PA in all hormone-treated cultures, which could be due to the increased secretory activity of the epithelium. Interactions between the hormones were significant, i.e. the effects of the hormone combinations were different and could not be calculated from the separate effects of these hormones. Even though the general growth and function of the prostate is strictly androgen-controlled, these results suggest that the control of PA secretion is multihormonal.
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Shealy, Stephanie C., Christine Alexander, Tina Grof Hardison, Joseph Magagnoli, Julie Ann Justo, Caroline Derrick, Joseph Kohn, et al. "Pharmacist-Driven Culture and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Follow-Up Program in the Emergency Department." Pharmacy 8, no. 2 (April 23, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy8020072.
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Expanding pharmacist-driven antimicrobial stewardship efforts in the emergency department (ED) can improve antibiotic management for both admitted and discharged patients. We piloted a pharmacist-driven culture and rapid diagnostic technology (RDT) follow-up program in patients discharged from the ED. This was a single-center, pre- and post-implementation, cohort study examining the impact of a pharmacist-driven culture/RDT follow-up program in the ED. Adult patients discharged from the ED with subsequent positive cultures and/or RDT during the pre- (21 August 2018–18 November 2018) and post-implementation (19 November 2018–15 February 2019) periods were screened for inclusion. The primary endpoints were time from ED discharge to culture/RDT review and completion of follow-up. Secondary endpoints included antimicrobial agent prescribed during outpatient follow-up, repeat ED encounters within 30 days, and hospital admissions within 30 days. Baseline characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Time-to-event data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. One-hundred-and-twenty-seven patients were included, 64 in the pre-implementation group and 63 in the post-implementation group. There was a 36.3% reduction in the meantime to culture/RDT data review in the post-implementation group (75.2 h vs. 47.9 h, p < 0.001). There was a significant reduction in fluoroquinolone prescribing in the post-implementation group (18.1% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.036). The proportion of patients who had a repeat ED encounter or hospital admission within 30 days was not significantly different between the pre- and post-implementation groups (15.6 vs. 19.1%, p = 0.78 and 9.4% vs. 7.9%, p = 1.0, respectively). Introduction of a pharmacist culture and RDT follow-up program in the ED reduced time to data review, time to outpatient intervention and outpatient follow-up of fluoroquinolone prescribing.
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Ledesma-Terrón, Mario, Nuria Peralta-Cañadas, and David G. Míguez. "FGF2 modulates simultaneously the mode, the rate of division and the growth fraction in cultures of radial glia." Development 147, no. 14 (July 15, 2020): dev189712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.189712.
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ABSTRACTRadial glial progenitors in the mammalian developing neocortex have been shown to follow a deterministic differentiation program restricted to an asymmetric-only mode of division. This feature seems incompatible with their well-known ability to increase in number when cultured in vitro, driven by fibroblast growth factor 2 and other mitogenic signals. The changes in their differentiation dynamics that allow this transition from in vivo asymmetric-only division mode to an in vitro self-renewing culture have not been fully characterized. Here, we combine experiments of radial glia cultures with numerical models and a branching process theoretical formalism to show that fibroblast growth factor 2 has a triple effect by simultaneously increasing the growth fraction, promoting symmetric divisions and shortening the length of the cell cycle. These combined effects partner to establish and sustain a pool of rapidly proliferating radial glial progenitors in vitro. We also show that, in conditions of variable proliferation dynamics, the branching process tool outperforms other commonly used methods based on thymidine analogs, such as BrdU and EdU, in terms of accuracy and reliability.
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Herrero, Mónica, Covadonga Quirós, Luis A. García, and Mario Díaz. "Use of Flow Cytometry To Follow the Physiological States of Microorganisms in Cider Fermentation Processes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 10 (October 2006): 6725–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01183-06.
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ABSTRACT The flow cytometry (FC) technique used with certain fluorescent dyes (ChemChrome V6 [CV6], DRAQ5, and PI) has proven useful to label and to detect different physiological states of yeast and malolactic bacterium starters conducting cider fermentation over time (by performing sequential inoculation of microorganisms). First, the technique was tested with pure cultures of both types of microorganisms grown in synthetic media under different induced stress conditions. Metabolically active cells detected by FC and by the standard plate-counting method for both types of microorganisms in fresh overnight pure cultures gave good correlations between the two techniques in samples taken at this stage. Otherwise, combining the results obtained by FC and plating during alcoholic and malolactic fermentation over time in the cider-making process, different subpopulations were detected, showing significant differences between the methods. A small number of studies have applied the FC technique to analyze fermentation processes and mixed cultures over time. The results were used to postulate equations explaining the different physiological states in cell populations taken from fresh, pure overnight cultures under nonstress conditions or cells subjected to stress conditions over time, either under a pure-culture fermentation process (in this work, corresponding to alcoholic fermentation) or under mixed-fermentation conditions (for the malolactic-fermentation phase), that could be useful to improve the control of the processes.
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Du Plooy-Cilliers, Franzel, and Linda Venter. "Does the flirting behaviour of a selection of black South African youths differ from Western perspectives on flirting." Communicare: Journal for Communication Studies in Africa 24, no. 2 (October 24, 2022): 82–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v24i2.1774.
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Research shows that flirting is found in all cultures and societies. However, very littleresearch has been conducted on the differences in the courtship and flirting behaviourof people from diverse cultures. Like all other communication behaviour, flirting behaviourvaries from culture to culture, and acceptable flirting behaviour in one culture might beviewed as inappropriate in another. Likewise, because all forms of communication aredynamic, generation gaps may lead to conflict as a result of differences in opinion aboutthe appropriateness of certain behaviours. Thus, the patterns of flirting behaviour areculture-specific and even generation-specific. Although there are research findingsavailable on flirting behaviour in Western and Eastern cultures, very few scholars haveresearched flirting behaviour in African cultures. This article provides a brief summaryof existing research findings. In order to gain insight into culture-specific views andopinions, a qualitative research design in the form of focus group interviews with aselection of black South African youths was utilised. The primary aim of the study is toexplore the similarities and differences between the flirting behaviour of a selection ofSouth African youths from an African background and Western research findings on flirtingbehaviour. Secondary aims are to explore whether some black South African youths’perceptions of acceptable flirting behaviour differ from their interpretation of theirparents’ views, and to utilise a qualitative research design in order to identify useful andappropriate variables that could be tested quantitatively in follow-up studies. It iscautiously concluded that there are both similarities and differences between the reportedflirting behaviour of South African youths from an African background and Westernresearch findings on flirting behaviour. Furthermore, most of the participants indicatedthat the flirting behaviour they exhibit is unlikely to be viewed as proper behaviour bytheir parents
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Gout, Peter W., Robert L. Noble, and Charles T. Beer. "Cultured Nb rat lymphoma cells in endocrine and cancer research." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 64, no. 7 (July 1, 1986): 659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o86-091.
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This review outlines the establishment, properties, and use of two lines of cultured Nb rat lymphoma cells. The cultured cells have retained important properties of the cancers of origin, such as dependency on prolactin for growth and a high sensitivity to antineoplastic Vinca alkaloids. The cultures have been useful for defining the hormonal dependency of the lymphomas in the animal and for studying the progression of the lymphomas from hormonal dependency to autonomy. A new, specific and highly sensitive in vitro bioassay for lactogenic hormones has been developed from one of the cultures. The use of the lymphoma cell cultures has revealed unsuspected pharmacological differences between the closely related, clinically useful antineoplastic Vinca alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine. The lymphoma cell cultures are also useful tools for studying biochemical, cell cycle related events which follow the mitogenic stimulation of cells by a polypeptide growth factor.
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Imataki, Osamu, Yuji Heike, Akira Iiduka, Masasi Kuwatani, Yoshinori Ikarashi, Yoichi Takaue, and Hiro Wakasugi. "Efficient Ex Vivo Expansion of Vα24+ NKT Cells from G-CSF-Mobilized PBMC." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 2865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.2865.2865.
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Abstract Background: Natural killer T (NKT) cells are one of the primary effectors of the innate immune systems, and also have an important role to initiate and regulate adaptive immune responses. Previously, we reported that Vα24+ NKT cells proliferated more efficiently from granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) compared with steady-state blood cells. However, optimal culture conditions and characterization of ex vivo expanded NKT cells have not been fully evaluated. Object: We examined several different conditions including cell ratios, mediums, growth factors and incubation schedules to seek an optimal culture system for expansion of NKT cells. Methods: PBMC were collected from donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation before and after G-CSF administration, and were cultured in AIM-V medium supplemented with 10% auto-plasma, 100 ng/mL α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) and 100 U/mL recombinant human (rh) IL-2. IL-2 alone was repeatedly charged every 3 days to maintain its biological activity. After 12 days culture, we compared the expansion efficacy of Vα24+CD3+ NKT cells derived from PBMC with or without G-CSF. For depletion analysis, we used a magnetic cell sorting (MACS) system with labeling magnetic beads-conjugated monoclonal antibody against CD14, 56, 34, and TCR Vα24 chain. Results: The expansion fold of Vα24+CD3+ NKT cells were significantly higher with G-CSF (669 vs 182 fold, n=20). Among cell populations we tested, the proportion of CD14+CD16+ cells before cultures were associated with the efficacy of Vα24+CD3+ NKT cells expansion, and the proportion of CD34+, Vα24+, CD56+ and CD56+CD161+ cells were not. The magnitude of expansion of Vα24+CD3+ NKT cells was correlated with the percentage of CD14+ cells at the initiation of cultures. Proliferation of Vα24+CD3+ NKT cells was abrogated by the depletion of Vα24+cells, but notCD34+ cells. Depletion of CD56+ T cells induced higher expansion ratio of Vα24+CD3+ NKT, which was abolished when CD56+ and CD56− cells were cultured separately using a 3 μm pored-membrane filter. Furthermore, co-culture of enriched Vα24+ cells and purified CD56+ cells inhibited the proliferation of Vα24+CD3+ NKT cells. It was hypothesized that the repeated IL-2 supplementation resulted in enhancement of CD56+ cells (NK cells) to suppress the proliferation of Vα24+CD3+ NKT cells. We tested different administration schedule of IL-2 as follow: on day 0 only, day 0 & 3, day 0, 3 & 6, day 0, 3, 6 & 9 (that is every 3 days), and we found that Vα24+CD3+ NKT cells expanded most effectively when IL-2 was supplemented on day 0 only. In order to modify the number of CD14+ cells in culture system, we added back CD14+ cells to CD14− cells culture on day 0, 3, 6, 9 or every 3 days, but this did not result in significant enhancement of proliferation of Vα24+CD3+ NKT cells. Conclusions: For efficient ex vivo culture of Vα24+ NKT cells, the presence of Vα24+ NKT cells and CD14+ cells are critical. The NK cells may interfere the interaction between antigen presenting cells (APC) and NKT cells by hindering a function of antigen presentation or yielding direct cytotoxicity against APC. These findings are helpful to develop an efficient expansion system of NKT cells in feature adaptive immunotherapy.
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Terracciano, Antonio, and Robert R. McCrae. "Cross-cultural studies of personality traits and their relevance to psychiatry." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 15, no. 3 (September 2006): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00004425.
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SUMMARYAims – This article provides a brief review of recent cross-cultural research on personality traits at both individual and culture levels, highlighting the relevance of recent findings for psychiatry. Method – In most cultures around the world, personality traits can be clearly summarized by the five broad dimensions of the Five-Factor Model (FFM), which makes it feasible to compare cultures on personality and psychopathology. Results – Maturational patterns and sex differences in personality traits generally show cultural invariance, which generates the hypothesis that age of onset, clinical evolution, and sex differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders might follow similar universal patterns. The average personality profiles from 51 cultures show meaningful geographical distributions and associations with culture-level variables, but are clearly unrelated to national character stereotypes. Conclusions – Aggregate personality scores can potentially be related to epidemiological data on psychiatric disorders, and dimensional personality models have implications for psychiatric diagnosis and treatment around the world.Declaration of Interest: This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging. Robert R. McCrae receives royalties from the Revised NEO Personality Inventory.
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Peled, Toni, Noga R. Goudsmid, Frida Grynspan, Sophie Adi, Efrat Landau, Arnon Nagler, Eitan Fibach, and Yaron Daniely. "Cell Cycle Progression and Self-Renewal Divisions of Cord Blood Derived CD34+ Cells Treated with the Polyamine Copper-Chelator Tetraethylenepentamine." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 4237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4237.4237.
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Abstract In vitro cell expansion is constrained by default pathways of commitment and differentiation resulting in limited expansion of hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSPCs). Still, several ex vivo manipulations have been reported to achieve expansion of HSPCs by altering cell cycle kinetics and enhancing progression through the G1-S barrier. We have previously shown that addition of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), a polyamine copper chelator, to cytokine-supplemented CD34+ cell cultures modulates cytokine-driven hematopoietic cell fate in vitro, resulting in remarkable expansion of a cell population that displays phenotypic and functional characteristics of HSPCs (Exp Hematol.2004;32 (6):547–55). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the mechanism leading to expansion of early progenitor cells following short-term exposure to TEPA. To this end, cell cycle profile, tracking of proliferation history, as well as determination of actual numbers of progenitor subsets were studied. In order to follow the extent of proliferation by tracking the number of cellular divisions, freshly isolated CD34+ cells were labeled with PKH2, a membrane dye that is sequentially diluted during every cell division. Fluorescence intensities of CD34+ and that of a more immature CD34+CD38− cell subset were determined immediately after staining. The cells were then cultured in serum-containing medium and a cocktail of cytokines (SCF, TPO, IL-6, Flt3-ligand, at 50 ng/ml each and IL-3 at 20 ng/ml), with and without TEPA. Total nucleated cells (TNC), purified CD34+ cells and CD34+CD38− cells were analyzed for PKH2 fluorescence intensity during the first two weeks of culture. Cell cycle profile was detected with the DNA intercalating agent propidium iodide, which determines cellular DNA content. FACS analysis of the cultured cells as well as progenitor cell quantification by immuno-affinity purification revealed comparable expansion levels of TNC and CD34+ cells in both TEPA-treated and control cultures during the first two weeks, as previously published. Although similar CD34+ cell numbers were observed, the mean frequency of CD34+CD38− and CD34+CD38-Lin- cells within the CD34+ cell population was significantly higher in TEPA-treated cultures over the control (0.2 vs. 0.04 and 0.07 vs. 0.01, respectively; n=6, p<0.05). Median PKH2 fluorescence intensity of CD34+CD38− subset was two fold higher in TEPA than in control cultures, demonstrating that early progenitor cells derived from TEPA-treated cultures consistently accomplished less proliferation cycles as compared to early progenitor cells derived from control cultures. This effect was not mirrored by a significant alteration of the cell cycle profile (Control (%): G1=26±14, S=2.6±0.1, G2=0.7±0.4; TEPA(%): G1=29±12, S=1.7±0.9, G2=0.4±0.2). Taken together, the data suggest that during cycling, the CD34+CD38− phenotype is preserved more successfully in TEPA-treated than in control cultures, suggesting retention of self-renewing potential of early progenitor cells under these culture conditions. This mechanism also supports a role for TEPA in inhibition of early progenitor cell differentiation. Ongoing work is aimed at further defining whether phenotype reversion or self-renewal (or both) lie at the foundation of TEPA-mediated progenitor cell expansion.
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Neupane, Dipesh. "Racial and Cultural Tension in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun." Cognition 4, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/cognition.v4i1.46438.
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The culture in which we are brought up shapes our traits and identity. When people move from one place to another, they get acquainted with new cultures. Then, they vacillate on the conflicting modes of dilemma – whether to follow the new culture or not. Cultural conflict arises when people cannot discard the original culture they carry from their birth. This paper explores how an African-American family confronts racial discrimination and culture clash in America, and how they react against the racial injustice. The voices that African-America people raise against racial discrimination and segregation are overtly or covertly represented in the African-American literature, as in the play- “A Raisin in the Sun”. This study explores the conflict between American culture and African culture in the play conceptualizing the theoretical frame work of cultural studies developed by Geert Hofstede and Edward Hall. This study answers the question: how does the African-American family (Younger family) confront the culture clash, and combat against racial discrimination in the play? The conflict between the Younger family and the white representative indicates the racial and culture clash between the African and the America culture as dramatized in the play.
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Leghissa, Elena. "Deschmann’s pile-dwelling sites near Ig and the cultural-chronological attribution of the Late Copper Age Ljubljana culture." Arheološki vestnik 72 (June 13, 2021): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3986/av.72.01.
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The contribution presents the results of a comprehensive study of the Late Copper Age Deschmann’s pile-dwelling sites near Ig in the Ljubljansko barje, central Slovenia. It opens with a history of research and goes on to tackle the main topics associated with the cultural attribution of the sites. A re-examination of the recovered pottery and available archival records, coupled with a new typological and chronological analysis of the small finds has enabled a cultural and chronological redefinition of the Ljubljana culture and its characteristic pottery. In addition to the typical vessel forms, usually decorated with whipped-cord impressions, the newly-defined Ljubljana culture includes common ware that reveals influences primarily from the Somogyvár-Vinkovci culture in the Carpathian Basin. Some of the vessels of the Ljubljana culture also follow the tradition of the Vučedol culture, while others reflect the influences and maybe contacts with the Corded Ware, Globular Amphora and Bell Beaker cultures.