Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fonctions d'Airy'
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Ould, Jidoumou Ahmedou. "Modèles de résurgence paramétrique : fonctions d'Airy et cylindro-paraboliques." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4402.
Full textSoares, Manuel. "Les Fonctions d'Airy en physique atomique et moléculaire : applications à l'inversion des facteurs de Franck-Condon et au chaos semiclassique." Orléans, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ORLE2064.
Full textLeclerc, Jean-François. "Modélisation, conception et application d'un laser accordable par sauts de fréquence et stabilisé par réseau de Bragg échantillonné." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24010/24010.pdf.
Full textWiersma, Noémi. "Photorefractive self-focusing of Airy beams : nonlinear interactions and all-optical waveguiding." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0351/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study the propagation and the self-focusing of Airy beams in a photorefractive crystal. The Airy beam is a so-called accelerating beam which propagates in free space along a curved trajectory and with a shape-preserving and self-healing nature. The self-focusing of conventional beams, such as Gaussian beams, has been studied in nonlinear media in particular for all-optical routing solutions. By propagating optical beams in such photosensitive media, one can induce waveguides with the shape of the optical beams’ trajectories. The unique shape and trajectory of the Airy beam however suggest innovative waveguide possibilities. In this manuscript we theoretically and experimentally study the self-focusing mechanisms of the Airy beam. In particular during the transient self-focusing effect, we enlighten peculiar spatiotemporal dynamics suggesting an analogy with the gravitational interactions between a mass and a wave propagating in a curved spacetime. In a second step we add an Airy beam propagating in the opposite direction to analyze their cross-coupling interactions. The guiding structures induced by one or two counterpropagating Airy beams are then tested and show peculiar guiding possibilities that are not achievable using two conventional beams: optical beams can be guided along curved trajectories and eventually split into multiple beams. Furthermore the limits of the waveguiding strength are studied by increasing the self-focusing nonlinearity of the system. The resulting spatiotemporal dynamics present a peculiar behavior and evolution with possible applications in static and dynamical all-optical routing as well as optical computing such as random number generation. Finally with this thesis we demonstrate that the Airy beam offers promising alternatives in general physics and more specifically in photonics for all-optical routing
Ma, Zelong. "Extension du modèle de tracé de rayons vectoriels complexes et application à la caractérisation d'une particule non-sphérique." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR053/document.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the extension of Vectorial Complex Ray Model (VCRM)developed in the laboratory and its application in the characterization of large nonspherical particles. In various research domains, such as the uid mechanics and the combustion field, we need to measure the characteristics of the particles. Among di_erent kinds of measurement techniques, the optical metrology is largely employed due to its advantage of being accurate, reliable and non-intrusive. However, in many optical techniques, the shape of the particles is assumed to be spherical. The main reason of this limit is due to the lack of theoretical model to describe with precision the interaction of light with large non-spherical particles. The Vectorial Complex Ray Model has been developed to reply this demand. It is based on the ray model but a radical improvement has been done by introducing a new property the wave front curvatures in the ray model. In this thesis, the model is firstly applied to reexamine the Airy theory. It is shown that even in the case of spherical particle VCRM predicts better the intensity and positions of supernumerary bows of rainbow than the Airy theory. Then VCRM is applied to investigate the properties of the rainbows formed by a spheroidal (prolate or oblate) particle. It is shown that VCRM can predict analytically the positions and the intensity of supernumerary bows and the peaks due to the focal effect when it is illuminated by a plane wave in the symmetrical plane.The theoretical research results have been also applied to the experimental characterization of a pendant drop. The intensity ratio of the two first orders of rainbow is shown sensible to the aspect ratio of the equivalent spheroid and it opens a potential to develop a measurement technique to characterize the deformation of pendant drop
Cleret, Serge. "Les Fonctions des associations d'aide aux enfants inadaptés le cas de l'A.L.E.F.P.A." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596769d.
Full textPoirier, Laurence. "Système interactif d'aide à la décision pour la fonction personnel." Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090027.
Full textThis research has been done in three points : - analysis and description of manpower planning management (adminis- tration, employement, salary, social relations, communication). Then the study of main softwares of market, pointing out their advantages and defaults. - hypothesis that dss is the best answer to that kind of problems. It was a good opportunity to define and developpe this concept implies : data base, models base, iterative design, romc analysis. - demonstration of that hypothesis, using a particular case : the evaluation of foreign employees salary. The total answer for such problems seems to be a complete and specific dss including an appropriate expert system
Barthèlemy, Pierre. "Etude expérimentale de la réponse bronchomotrice à l'inhalation d'air froid." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX21908.
Full textHassan, Omaima. "Quelques aspects de l'utilisation des données radiographiques extraction automatique des fonctions d'aire, macrosensibilités acoustiques et transitions voyelle-voyelle /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614331n.
Full textBègue, Jean-Michel. "Modélisation de fonctions d'aide à la décision pour le contrôle et l'évolution des systèmes d'information." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375957842.
Full textBègue, Jean-Michel. "Modélisation de fonctions d'aide à la décision pour le contrôle et l'évolution des systèmes d'information." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4069.
Full textHassan, Omaima. "Quelques aspects de l'utilisation des données radiographiques : extraction automatique des fonctions d'aire, macro-sensibilités acoustiques et transitions voyelle-voyelle." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0097.
Full textGuillet, Marie Kaigre Marine Flamant Cyril Le Doaré Denizot Sophie. "Un savoir-faire à faire savoir... : étude de la mise en place d'une intervention orthophonique autour de l'oralité dans un service de réanimation néonatale." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=58521.
Full textTouati, Nadjah. "Optimisation des formes d'ondes d'un radar d'aide à la conduite automobile, robustes vis-à-vis d'environnements électromagnétiques dégradés." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VALE0031/document.
Full textSeveral driver assistance radars are developed for security and comfort requirements. Their goal is among others to detect the presence of obstacles for collision avoidance. The current demand in terms of automotive radar sensors experience a significant growth and the technologies being employed must ensure good performances especially in an environment degraded by interfering signals of other users. In this thesis, we are interested in developing a radar system which is effective in all situations especially in a multi-user context. For this purpose, we propose novel radar waveforms based on the combination of frequency hopping Costas codes and other pulse compression techniques, using modified Costas signals. The design approach allows to synthesize a significant number of waveforms, thanks to the high diversity introduced. Afterwards, we have exploited two estimation of target parameters approaches. The first one, quite classic, is based on Doppler processing in a coherent pulse train. The second one, recent in the automotive field , is based on the Compressed sensing techniques. An adaptation of these algorithms to proposed signals is discussed in noisy and multi-target environments. All these works contribute in one hand to explore novel radar waveforms, complement to those currently used in automotive radars and in another hand to propose an innovative processing at the receiver level, suited to radar applications in general and automotive ones in particular
Damon, Pierre-Marie. "Estimation pour le développement de systèmes d'aide à la conduite des véhicules à deux-roues motorisés." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLE034/document.
Full textThe road accident investigations are unanimous: Powered Two-Wheeled Vehicles (P2WV) users are the most vulnerable on the road. In France, for a travelled kilometer, a P2WV rider has 24 times more risk to be killed than a car driver. In addition to being "naked" vehicles highly exposed to dangers, P2WV are naturally unstable with a precarious stability. That is why vehicle loss of control is clearly identified as a recurring problem into accident causation. By analogy with the driving assistance systems developed for cars (ABS, ESP, etc.), most of these accidents could be avoided with solutions dedicated to P2WV.This PhD takes place in this context and proposed original estimation algorithms. Indeed, some P2WV dynamic information, necessary for detecting risk situations, are not measurable or they require the use of costly sensors. For both technical or economic reasons, the use of observation techniques turns out to be an adequate solution in the development of P2WV riding assistance systems. Such techniques allow to estimate the vehicle dynamics while reducing the number of sensors and overcoming the unmeasurability of some dynamics states.A first part of my work is dedicated to model-based observers. In this context, an unknown input observer, a non-linear Luenberger observer and an algebraic observer were proposed. Whereas, the second part deals with the estimation based on visual perception techniques. In this last, a first algorithm was proposed to estimate the P2WV position on the road while predicting the road geometry. Then, an extension of this work was developed to reconstruct the P2WV roll angle using only images. Finally, a vision-based risk function was studied to characterize the P2WV steering behavior.All along this manuscript, the effectiveness of the proposed solutions were demonstrated through validations with the advanced simulator BikeSim framework or on experimental data
Van, Lauwe Frédéric. "Réalisation d'un logiciel d'aide à la conception de fonctions tout-optique à base de composants tout-fibres." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES068.
Full textDaihani, Dadan Umar. "Définition de propositions méthodologiques pour l'intégration des principales fonctions décision dans un système de production." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30037.
Full textCiocea, Sorin. "Détermination de la fonction d'aire du conduit vocal par inversion acoustico-géométrique semi-analytique :Semi-analytic formant-to-area mapping." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212145.
Full textHassan, Ali. "Modélisation des bases de données multidimensionnelles : analyse par fonctions d'agrégation multiples." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10034/document.
Full textBecue, Vincent. "Système d'aide à l'évaluation de la qualité de l'aménagement urbain durable intégrant l'exigence de la mixité des fonctions urbaines." Valenciennes, 2005. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/6f77bb7c-b6bb-492b-836a-3c662c9667ce.
Full textThe development of commercial/industrial activities in the outskirts of the city, the desire for individual housing, and the expansion of commercial activity zones have resulted in cities that are functionally specialized and spatially widespread. Such urban sprawl must be controlled if the city is to become a sustainable entity. Cities must become more compact, and urban activities must be better distributed so as to reduce the amount of space required. Cities must succeed in providing high-quality diversified urban activities, which is one of the fundamental goals of sustainable urban development. What spatial organization of the city will make it possible to promote such sustainable urban development? What spatial scale is needed to support today's urban diversity? These are the questions which we endeavour to answer in this thesis. The method of evaluation developed for this research is based on five criterion families: density, proximity, polycentrality, landscape and mobility. These families are the basis for an evaluation model that will permit the above questions to be thoroughly investigated via the development of urban functional diversity plans designed to provide a more strategic vision for land use. To facilitate the implementation of our evaluation method, we propose an evaluation support system that exploits this model. The system combines a GIS software application and a multicriterion analysis method, with the goal of establishing sustainable municipal land use policies
Suryadi, Kadarsah. "Vers une intégration des fonctions de planification et d'ordonnancement pour l'aide à la décision en gestion de production." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX3A005.
Full textHmad, Ouadie. "Evaluation et optimisation des performances de fonctions pour la surveillance de turboréacteurs." Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0029.
Full textThis thesis deals with monitoring systems of turbojet engines. The development of such systems requires a performance evaluation and optimization phase prior to their introduction in operation. The work has been focused on this phase, and more specifically on the performance of the detection and the prognostic functions of two systems. Performances metrics related to each of these functions as well as their estimate have been defined. The monitored systems are, on the one hand, the start sequence for the detection function and on the other hand, the oil consumption for the prognostic function. The used data come from flights in operation without degradation, simulations of degradation were necessary for the performance assessment. Optimization of detection performance was obtained by tuning a threshold on the decision statistics taking into account the airlines requirements in terms of good detection rate and false alarm rate. Two approaches have been considered and their performances have been compared for their best configurations. Prognostic performances of over oil consumption, simulated using Gamma processes, have been assessed on the basis of the relevance of maintenance decision induced by the prognostic. This thesis has allowed quantifying and improving the performance of the two considered functions to meet the airlines requirements. Other possible improvements are proposed as prospects to conclude this thesis
Adjedj, Marie. "Déhiérarchiser l'art : usages et fonctions du document au tournant des années 1970." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0039.
Full textAt the end of the 1960’s, in a context of serious crisis of institutional legitimacy, number of artists defy the power and control of art market, criticism and museum. Some dealers, critics and curators join in and intend to de-hierarchize the art world. Among them : Germano Celant, Lucy Lippard, Carla Lonzi and Seth Siegelaub, along with Kynaston McShine and Harald Szeemann. What is at stake in their practices does not have to do with denying the art system, neither defining new functions for the middle-men, but is about occupying a position which would no longer be authoritarian. To do so, they relate their research to the document, considered as an operating mode involving trading, editing and methods. This operating mode is interrelated to art works and artists’ texts in a context of conceptual and post-minimal art. The ones who are part of this study develop their practices as an informational system, which suppose a close cooperation with the artists in order to restore their control on the circulation of their own works, along with their authority on the discourses about them. Nevertheless, the art criticism declination of this informational system does not suppose the absence of discourses from the art critics. In the cases of Germano Celant and Lucy Lippard, criticism is stable, even though they intend to delegate interpretation to the audience. Concomitantly, the informational system has to face the difficulty of articulating the defense of a self-referential art with political ambitions enlarged to society. This difficulty is solved by various ways, between drop out and strengthened practices of document
Labeye-Voisin, Eric. "Espaces de tentes, principe de domination et application à l'étude de la densité de l'intégrale d'aire." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10045.
Full textArtus, Guillaume. "Application de l'approche par fonctions transverses à la commande de véhicules non-holonomes manoeuvrants." Paris, ENMP, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENMP1286.
Full textThis PhD Thesis concerns the automated guidance of wheeled vehicles. Our objective is the development and the experimentation of a new control approach for nonlinear systems in order to achieve the tracking of a moving target, associated, for example, with a reference vehicle. An original feature of this work is that the target is allowed to move freely in the plane and thus to perform motions which are not feasible by the controlled vehicle. It becomes thus possible to follow a reference vehicle independently of its motions (forward motion, backwards motion, maneuvers. . . ). The control approach is based on the transverse function framework, and consists to perform the practical stabilization of the target. First, we analyze the influence of the control parameters on the target tracking. Based on this analysis, we propose two extensions in order to improve the tracking precision and the system´s behaviour during the transient phases. Finally, we present experimental results obtained with the robotic system of the Icare laboratory. To this purpose, an estimator of the target´s velocity has been developed. It is based on visual and odometry measurements
Nguyen, Thi Hong Hiep. "Strong consistencies for weighted constraint satisfaction problems." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30004/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on strong local consistencies for solving optimization problems in cost function networks (or weighted constraint networks). These methods provide the lower bound necessary for Branch-and-Bound search. We first study the Virtual arc consistency, one of the strongest soft arc consistencies, which is enforced by iteratively establishing hard arc consistency in a sequence of classical Constraint Networks. The algorithm enforcing VAC is improved by integrating the dynamic arc consistency to exploit its incremental behavior. The dynamic arc consistency also allows to improve VAC when maintained VAC during search by efficiently exploiting the changes caused by branching operations. Operations. Secondly, we are interested in stronger domain-based soft consistencies, inspired from similar consistencies in hard constraint networks (path inverse consistency, restricted or Max-restricted path consistencies). From each of these hard consistencies, many soft variants have been proposed for weighted constraint networks. The new consistencies provide lower bounds stronger than soft arc consistencies by processing triplets of variables connected two-by-two by binary cost functions. We have studied the properties of these new consistencies, implemented and tested them on a variety of problems
Farthouat, Pascale. "Contribution à l'amélioration de la réactivité dans les systèmes de production notamment par la mise en oeuvre des concepts de décentralisation des fonctions de décision." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30088.
Full textDir, Saber. "Etude d'un système d'aide à la décision : application à la définition dynamique des fonctions d'assistance d'un fauteuil électrique par l'utilisation de la réalité virtuelle." Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ037S/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to formalize a methodology aiming to validate the architecture of system of assistive tools installation making for piloting of electric wheelchair. We want to give again a sufficient beginning of mobility to the onboard person, by using experiments of navigations in virtual environments. So we have to conceive a system able to find the relevant improvements to bring to the electric wheelchair. We worked out an architecture based on cycles "Experiment ? Analyze and decision-making ? Modification of the wheelchair ". This architecture contains three modules: a simulator, an evaluator, a configurator. This work is a part of the VAHM (developed in LASC) project using commercial electric wheelchairs enhanced by several sensors and a calculator. Our simulator replaces the physical part of VAHM. From the analysis of the data resulting from the experiments, we have calculated criteria representative of behaviours or/and particular situations which have occurred during navigation. We indexed as robotics engineers, the whole of the problematic situations according to several aspects. We have identified and characterized each aspect by a whole of criteria. The vector of criteria constitutes the input of a decision-making system which will indicate at exit the functionalities to be installed to improve the mobility of the patient in powered wheelchair. The base of knowledge of the decision-making system is supported by reflections, concerning the behaviours and particular situations that a handicapped person will meet during navigation. The originality of our work comes from the handicap directed application allowing to evaluate and to highlight the difficulties of a group of people with severe motor disabilities, not able to move in real worlds, by using settings in virtual environments situations. The architecture of the system let to provide solutions of assistance using an evolutionary decision-making system based on fuzzy logic
Bardet, Magali. "Étude des systèmes algébriques surdéterminés. Applications aux codes correcteurs et à la cryptographie." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00449609.
Full textTmar, Mohamed. "Modèle auto-adaptatif de filtrage d'information : apprentissage incrémental du profil et de la fonction de décision." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30081.
Full textFouka, Majda Amina Aida. "Contributions for parametric identification and observation of powered two-wheeler vehicles." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE033/document.
Full textNowadays, Powered Two-Wheeled Vehicles (PTWV) are an increasingly popular means of transport in daily urban and rural displacements, especially for the possibilities it offers to avoid traffic congestion. However, riders are considered as the most vulnerable road users. In fact, the risk of being killed in an accident is $29$ times higher for a motorcycle than for a driver of a four wheeled vehicle. Therewith, the unstable nature of the PTWV makes them more susceptible to control loss. This problem is even more complex during emergency braking or on cornering maneuvers. As matter of fact, passive and active safety systems (Anti-Lock Braking (ABS), Electronic Stability Control (ESP), seat belts, airbags) developed in favour of passenger vehicles have largely contributed to the reduction of risks on the road. However, the delay in the development of security systems for motorcycles is notable. Moreover, despite some existing systems, motorcycle riders use them badly or they don't use them at all. Therefore, it is not trivial that this delay, in the development of Advanced Rider Assistance Systems (ARAS), coming from a delay in the development of theoretical and research tools. This thesis fits into the context of designing ARAS for PTWV that can alert riders upstream of dangerous driving situations. Our work deals with observation and identification techniques to estimate the PTWV dynamic states and physical parameters. These latter are fundamental for risk quantification in ARAS design and to assess the safety of the PTWV, which are the main focus of our research work. The first part of the thesis concerns classical identification techniques to estimate physical parameters of PTWV. The second part deals with model-based observers implemented to estimate the dynamic states of the PTWV. We proposed an unknown input observer (UIO) for steering and road geometry estimation and an interconnected fuzzy observer (IFO) for both longitudinal and lateral dynamics. An alternative methods for identification algorithms are observer based identifier which provide both parameters identification and states estimation. Therefore, a Luenberger adaptive observer (LAO) to estimate lateral dynamic states and pneumatic stiffness as well as a delayed unknown inputs observer (DUIO) with an arbitrary relative degree, have been developed in this thesis. As matter of fact, all these techniques allow to estimate the vehicle dynamics while reducing the number of sensors and overcoming the problem of non-measurable states and parameters. These proposed methods require a simple combination of sensors and take into account realistic assumption like the longitudinal speed variation. Among others, this manuscript introduces a self calibration algorithm for Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) alignment. Such a self-calibration method is used for telematic boxes (e-Boxes) installed on two-wheeled vehicles, whose IMUs’ axes are often result not to be aligned with the vehicle reference system. Finally, objective indicators are setting up to quantify riding risks. These functions were studied for ARAS purpose. To highlight the performance of these approaches, we have acquired data from high-fidelity motorcycle simulator and also with data from real motorcycles. To sum up, a comparison tables are drawn up for all the presented approaches. The results of both the numerical simulations and the performed experimentations seem to be quite promising
Doulcier, Joseph. "Implantation optimale d'un robot en fonction d'une tâche à réaliser en environnement contraint. Analyse, synthèse et développement d'un module d'aide à l'implantation des robots." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523120.
Full textVeremme, Alexandre. "Intérêts et usages de la théorie des fonctions de croyance pour les systèmes d'aide à la décision basés sur les systèmes multi-agents. : application à l'entomologie médico-légale." Thesis, Artois, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ARTO0205/document.
Full textThis work is based on the agent simulations (ABS), the cellular automata based simulations (CABS) and the theory of belief functions. The purposes consist in proposing solutions to complex problems and developping a general architecture for decision support system (DSS) organized around these three tools. Because this system resorts to the theory of belief functions (also called the evidence theory), we called it EDSS, i.e., evidential decision support system. The EDSS tries to explain an observation made on a complex real system. It uses:- ABS and CABS to simulate the complex system of study;- the belief function theory to represent and manipulate information within and around the simulations.The architecture is validated through a decision support system, named ForenSeek, dedicated to experts in forensic entomology. Forensic entomology is a method for estimating the time of death from determining the ages and species of insects collected on a cadaver. This technique faces with a set of complex phenomena, not easily discernible by the experts and having an impact on their final decisions. The EDSS ForenSeek uses the ABS and CABS to simulate the corpse decomposition. It incorporates a large number of ecosystem parameters and tests a large quantity of biological models. The theory of belief functions is central to this information fusion system. First results from real forensic expert's reports are presented
Doulcier, Joseph. "Implantation optimale d'un robot en fonction de la tâche à réaliser en environnement contraint. Analyse, synthèse et développement d'un module d'aide à l'implantation des robots." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENPC9301.
Full textRodriguez, Samuel. "Phénomènes ondulatoires dans les lignes d'admission d'air et leur influence sur les performances des moteurs à combustion interne." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU30094.
Full textThe pressure wave generated by the moving of the piston during the intake stroke of an internal combustion engine propagates in the duct carrying cool gases and comes back to the cylinder by reflections. Acoustic phenomena can increase the amount of air trapped in the engine by 30% and so its performances. Acoustic propagation in ducts carrying a turbulent flow is modelled in one and three dimensions. The input impedance is calculated and compared to the results of a new measurement procedure with steady flows up to Mach number M=0. 15. A new method for measuring transfer matrices without flow has also been developed. Its results agree well with theory. The effect of acoustic properties of intake systems in the amount of air trapped in a one cylinder engine is modelled as a non-linear coupling of the combustion chamber with the input impedance, by a mechanical analogy. The acoustic pressures computed agree fairly well with the pressures measured in two different intake systems of a one-cylinder cold engine. The link between the acoustic properties of the intake duct expressed in the frequency domain alone and the volumetric efficiency of a cylinder has been quantified on a large range of running speed for the first time. In a multi-cylinder engine, the timing difference between intake strokes produces interferences in the intake system. The calculated impedance matrix and the study of phase explain a performance difference between cylinders that occurs in a turbocharged engine
Harik, Ramy. "Spécifications de fonctions pour un système d'aide à la génération automatique de gamme d'usinage : Application aux pièces aéronautiques de structure, prototype logiciel dans le cadre du projet RNTL USIQUICK." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00173161.
Full textL'enchaînement des étapes permettant le calcul de ces fonctions est déterminé. Il comporte :
- une première étape d'enrichissement du modèle géométrique CAO,
- une deuxième étape permettant d'extraire les entités d'usinage élémentaires. Aux faces sont ainsi liées les informations technologiques suivantes : mode d'usinage, directions et outils possibles,
- une troisième étape d'analyse du graphe d'adjacence de la pièce qui détermine les faces pouvant être usinées simultanément.
Ces étapes sont implémentées en CAA® dans un démonstrateur dont la validité est présentée sur quelques exemples. Son degré de robustesse est évalué.
Les apports de ce travail sont relatifs à la notion d'entité élémentaire, d'entité de haut niveau orientée type d'usinage, de caractérisation des extrémités d'élancements et à la définition de fonctions opérateur.
Le mémoire se termine par une synthèse des fonctions qui devraient être implémentées dans le logiciel CATIA afin que le Transformateur devienne un produit industriel.
Harik, Ramy Farid Ris Gabriel. "Spécifications de fonctions pour un système d'aide à la génération automatique de gamme d'usinage application aux pièces aéronautiques de structure, prototype logiciel dans le cadre du projet RNTL USIQUICK /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2007_0077_HARIK.pdf.
Full textHarik, Ramy Farid. "Spécifications de fonctions pour un système d'aide à la génération automatique de gamme d'usinage : application aux pièces aéronautiques de structure, prototype logiciel dans le cadre du projet RNTL USIQUICK." Nancy 1, 2007. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2007_0077_HARIK.pdf.
Full textOur PhD work comes within the framework of the USIQUICK RNTL project (www. Usiquick. Com) that aims to answer the needs of some aircraft industries in the domain of structural parts manufacturing that are of an average to high complexity. Automating the manufacturing fixture, process planning and generating the NC programs are the expected results. Our contribution lies in the study of the ‘Transformer’, a module dedicated to enriching the part geometry into one that is adapted to manufacturing. The ‘Transformer’ must supply the necessary information needed by the two other USIQUICK modules: Process planning and Automatic milling path generator. The sequence of steps allowing to compute the different functions is determined. It includes: a first step during which the CAD geometrical model is enriched, a second step during which the different ‘Elementary Manufacturing Features’ are extracted. The faces composing the CAD model are completed by their: milling mode, milling directions and possible milling tools, a last step, where a face adjacency’ graph analysis is proceeded, pointing all the faces that could be milled simultaneously. These steps are implemented using CAA® in a prototype. The validity is presented in some examples. The degree of its robustness is evaluated. The main results of our PhD are: the definition of the ‘Elementary Manufacturing Feature’, high level milling features extractions, thin features identification and the CAPP functions definition. This PhD report ends with a synthesis of the functions that should be implemented in CATIA so that the ‘Transformer’ becomes an industrial product
Marin-Lamellet, Claude. "Eléments de réflexion sur l'interface conducteur âge-systèmes d'aide à la navigation : expression du vieillissement sur la prise et le traitement d'informations visuelles en situation d'attention partagée." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10021.
Full textOuellet, Pierre-Olivier. "Circulation, usages et fonctions des oeuvres d'art par les civils et les militaires en Nouvelle-France." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20059.
Full textAt the beginning of the seventeenth century, in Europe, collecting art objects became a new habit for the patrons and the connoisseurs. The spread of the practice of collecting art in the second half of the seventeenth century, associated to the development of a taste for paintings in France – which are becoming increasingly available on the market – made a growing number of individuals buying art without being great collectors. Coinciding with the beginning of the colonization of the New France, we can ask if this taste for art also spread in Canada. This thesis traces the various works of art kept in homes of New France, along the St. Lawrence Valley. It tries to understand how these pieces of art circulated, how many there was, what was their variety in each domestic interior and what roles they played in the society. Furthermore, we examine therelationship between the individuals and the works of art in New France. We believe that the art object does not fall immediately into a clean ontological class where art is simply art. In addition to legitimate discourses on art, we think we must consider other perspectives for understanding the works of art in the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries. In fact, the work of art is not considered simply as an aesthetic object in the everyday’s life of the New France. This thesis therefore examine how citizens interpreted art images and how they used the various art objects
Paris, Jean-Christophe. "Ingénierie cognitive pour l'aide à la conduite automobile de la personne âgée : analyse et modélisation de l'activité de conduite en situation naturelle pour la conception de fonctions de monitorage." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0425/document.
Full textThis thesis in Cognitics presents a Human Centered Design approach for thedevelopment of future driving assistance systems dedicated to elderly drivers orElderly Adapted Driver Assistance Systems (E-ADAS).To do so, this work relies on a multi-disciplinary approach for data collection andanalysis. Regarding Ergonomics, the aim is to better understand the specificrequirements of this population in order to identify their actual difficulties and actualneeds of assistance. In this frame, 76 drivers (aged from 70 to 87 years old) took partto an on-the-road experiment, driving an instrumented car. The dataset includes2100 km of ecological driving data and 1400 auto-evaluated driving situations,completed by 6 Focus Groups (involving 30 elderly drivers).The second part of this research, relying on Cognitive Engineering, explores thedesign and implementation of monitoring functions based on the aforementioneddataset. The objective is to have real-time models and analytical functions, able to:(1) supervise the driving activity as realized by an elderly driver, (2) taking in toconsideration the driving context or situational risks (3) in order to detect difficulties ordriving errors. Beyond this thesis, these diagnostics will have to be integrated inassistive systems to better adapt their support to the specific needs of elderly drivers.Specific monitoring functions related to basic vehicle control (speed management,lane positioning and headway regulation) are presented. Based on these results,integrated monitoring functions for intersection crossings in Left-Turn manoeuver,highway merging assistance, and, more broadly, lane change assistance areintroduced
Watrin, Jean-Charles. "Caractérisation et modélisation du comportement à l'endommagement des rotules de suspension automobile : développement d'un outil d'aide à la conception et l'optimisation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0183.
Full textCar weighting from new guidelines challenges material and design engineering in new automotive applications. For suspension ball joints, products weighting consequences are the increase of thermomechanical loading supported by the parts which ensure car stability and road handling (curves, hard braking, obstacle crossing, etc.). Under such loadings, the damage of ball joints are due to mechanical, thermical and tribological aspects that can occur in the conformal contact interface. Characterization and modelling of such phenomenon under different thermomechanical loading has been particularly studied. Damage tests performed on automotive ball joint made by our industrial partner VT2i led to understand the influence of intense and repeated solicitation on the part degradation. The analysis of the same phenomenon tested on material probe test gives information about its behavior and define convenient application regime for each VT2i customer demand. A damage modelling in suspension ball joint contact interface has been proposed and compared to damage tests performed on real ball joints. This good adequation between experimental and modelling results confirmed the pertinence of the proposed modelling approach which consists in (i) analyzing kinematical behavior under different loadings of suspension ball joints, (ii) identifying the stress field evolution during the driving phases, (iii) evaluating the sliding distance field in the contact interface, and last (iv) evaluating the damage mode contributions to the total degradation of the ball joint. The modelling allowed to develop an assistance tool for optimization and design of new ball stud/ball socket contact and geometries of suspension ball joints, responding to the severe technical specifications of the automotive market for our industrial partner VT2i
George, Martine. "Analyse du signal de parole par modélisation de la cinématique de la fonction d'aire d'un conduit vocal. Application à l'identification du lieu d'articulation des occlusives et à la description du timing de séquences voyelle-voyelle-occlusive-voyelle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212241.
Full textMakni, Nasr. "Méthodes d'identification, d'aide au diagnostic et de planification utilisant de l'imagerie multi-modalité pour les thérapies focales du cancer de la prostate." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818024.
Full textPageard, Camille. "Utilisation et fonction de la reproduction photographique d’oeuvres d’art dans les écrits sur l’art d’André Malraux : formes et représentations de l’histoire de l’art." Rennes 2, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00585116/fr/.
Full textAfter World War Two, André Malraux publish in 1951 Les Voix du silence, edited by Gallimard. The book is a rewritten version in one volume of Psychologie de l’art’s trilogy, originally published by Albert Skira between 1947 and 1950. Based on the observation that artworks’ reproductions allow to constitute a “musée imaginaire” beyond geographical and historical divisions of museums and original artworks, the author develop a “transgeographica” and “trans-historical” theory by a close relationship with illustrations. Thus, Malraux is taking part in an history of art history in which the discourse with images contains a theory linked to artworks’ presence through photographic reproduction. The “musée imaginaire” is here considered as a methodological presentation informed by the reading of Walter Benjamin’s texts. Then, an historical methodology can be understood in its relation to the written form. Malraux’s studies of image allow him to define a peculiar theory as well as to visually represent his own version of art history in a « cinematic » way. From this point, history of photography and art history’s publishing are revealed. Indeed, his use of the photographic reproduction is motivated by a reflexion on the very means of diffusion of art history discourses. Malraux creates an edited form that plays with editorial codes in use in this field. A series of comparisons with books by Georges Bataille, René Huyghe, Ernst Gombrich and John Berger allow to notice its specificity and to locate Malraux’s texts in the history of art history
Igoulalene, Idris. "Développement d'une approche floue multicritère d'aide à la coordination des décideurs pour la résolution des problèmes de sélection dans les chaines logistiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4357/document.
Full textThis thesis presents a development of a multi-criteria group decision making approach to solve the selection problems in supply chains. Indeed, we start in the context where a group of k decision makers/experts, is in charge of the evaluation and the ranking of a set of potential m alternatives. The alternatives are evaluated in fuzzy environment while taking into consideration both subjective (qualitative) and objective (quantitative) n conflicting criteria. Each decision maker is brought to express his preferences for each alternative relative to each criterion through a fuzzy matrix called preference matrix. We have developed three new approaches for manufacturing strategy, information system and robot selection problem:1. Fuzzy consensus-based possibility measure and goal programming approach.2. Fuzzy consensus-based neat OWA and goal programming approach.3. Fuzzy consensus-based goal programming and TOPSIS approach.Finally, a comparison of these three approaches is conducted and thus was able to give recommendations to improve the approaches and provide decision aid to the most satisfying decision makers
Yacine, Zedjiga. "Observateurs pour l'estimation de la dynamique latérale du véhicule : application à la détection de situations critiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLE031.
Full textThe work undertaken in this thesis is in the field of vehicle study and analysis.The main objective is to synthesis observers for vehicle lateral dynamics and road attributes estimation. An application to the detection of critical driving situations is elaborated in the objective to developpe a driving assistance system preventing lane departures. First, the objective is dedicated to the representation of the vehicle lateral dynamics from a nonlinear point of view via the Takagi-Sugeno (TS) formalism. An exact transformation is elaborated guarantying an exact representation taking into account the nonlinear parameters variation of the lateral contact efforts road-pneumatic reflecting their evolution in the pseudo sliding and sliding regions, with time varying parameters. This is performed to represent the vehicle behaviour in a realistic way and having in the same time an exploitable mathematical expression from the analysis tools availability point of view. The exact TS model obtained is validated by simulation test and experiments performed on a prototype vehicle. Secondly, observers based on the TS model obtained are synthesised to reconstruct the state and estimate the unknown inputs acting on the vehicle system. For this, different estimation strategies are proposed and different stability analysis are performed and ensured. These estimation strategies are also validated by simulation and experimental tests.The detection of critical driving situations is then addressed, based on the estimations obtained from the observers proposed. The objective is to provide the driver an information on the state of his behavior and the dynamics of the vehicle in time to avoid an impending lane departure.The indicators used in the extreme situations consist of the estimated pneumatic-road contact efforts obtained via the proposed TS observers.This has the advantage of dispensing modeling uncertainties related to the contact force, to prevent critical situation before it really occurs and on the other hand, the effort considered as an indicator provides information on the dynamic state of the vehicle taking into account many parameters implicitly. Two detection strategies are proposed and are validated by simulation tests. For perspectives, we plan validation of the proposed detection strategies with real data and an application to trigger active assistance based on the detection of the critical moment,to avoid possible lane departures
Feyaerts, Gille. "Social Impact Assessment :analyse d'un outil d'aide à la décision pour la lutte contre la pauvreté et les inégalités sociales de santé: Etude des conditions nécessaires à la fonction d'apprentissage conceptuel de l'outil dans le contexte bruxellois." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/269187.
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Le, Maitre Gonzalez Esteban Adolfo. "Définition d'une fonction de pronostic des systèmes techniques multi composants prenant en compte les incertitudes à partir des pronostics de leurs composants." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0012/document.
Full textOne major challenge of companies consists in maintaining their technical production resources at the maximum level of reliability, availability, profitability and safety for a minimum maintenance cost, maintenance strategies such as CBM and PHM have been developed. To implement these strategies, as with production activity planning, it is necessary to know the ability of systems to perform future tasks to order production and maintenance operations. This thesis presents the generic function that evaluates the ability of multi-component technical systems to perform the production tasks of goods or services. This manuscript presents a proposal for the modelling of multi-component technical systems representing the different entities that compose them, their states and their relationships. Several types of entities have been identified. For each of them, inferences are proposed to define within the system the entity's ability to perform future production tasks based on its own assessment of its present and future state and the assessments of the present and future states of the other entities with which it is involved. These assessments of present and future states are based on the use of local prognoses of components. These prognoses are predictions that inherently involve uncertainties that may be aleatory or epistemic. The proposed function and inferences take into account these two kinds of uncertainty. To do this, the inferences and the proposed function uses elements of the Dempster-Shafer theory. Since the modelling of multi-component systems can be represented in the form of graphs whose node states depend on data with uncertainties, elements of Bayesian networks are also used. This function provides indicators on the ability of each system entity to perform future production tasks but also indicates the components that require maintenance to improve this ability. Thus, these indicators constitute the elements of decision support for the planning of maintenance operations in a conditional and preventive way, but also for the planning of production tasks
Dao, T. T. "Modélisation du Système Musculosquelettique des Membres Inférieurs : Modèle Biomécanique vs. Méta Modèle." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00454959.
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