Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fonds de formation'
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Kervern, Gilles. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de formation des échos acoustiques de cibles situées au voisinage d'une interface réfléchissante telle que le fond marin." Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2020.
Full textChatenay, Annie. "Cadre au chômage et formation : les effets du dispositif du Fonds National de l'Emploi sur les trajectoires professionnelles." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10037.
Full textThis study analyses the impacts of the training courses of the National Employment Funds (FNE) on the career paths of unemployed executives. "FNE Cadres" is a training programme of the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs. Its objective is to facilitate the reintegration of unemployed executives into the professional worforce. This study is based principally on a questionnaire sent to all participants in the programme in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region from 1992 to 1994. In addition to examining the effectiveness of the programme, this study describes the role of the institutional partners that implement the programme : The Association for the employment of managers and executives (APEC), the National Agency for Employment (ANPE) and the Regional Directorate of Work, Employment and Professional Training (DRTEFP). The training programme, its effects, and the altered careers of the unemployed executives highlight the veritable metamorphosis that this social class underwent in th 1990s
Famechon, Isabelle Lardet Cécile. "La valorisation des collections de la bibliothèque du site Molitor de l'IUFM de Paris désherbage méthodique du fonds de la réserve /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque-numerique/document-21202.
Full textBen, Saad Seifallah. "Conception d'un algorithme de coordination hybride de groupes de robots sous-marins communicants. Application : acquisition optique systématique et détaillée des fonds marins." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0052/document.
Full textIn the underwater environment, the needs of data acquisition have significantly increased over the last decades. As electromagnetic waves show poor propagation in sea water, acoustical sensing is generally preferred. However, the emergence of small and low cost autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) allow for rethinking the underwater use of optical sensors as their small coverage can be significantly improved by using a fleet of coordinated underwater robots.This paper presents a strategy to coordinate the group of robots in order to systematically survey the seabed to detect small objects or singularities. The proposed hybrid coordination strategy is defined by two main modes. The first mode relies on a swarm algorithm to organize the team in geometrical formation. In the second mode, the robot formation is maintained using a hierarchical coordination. A finite state machine controls the high level hybrid strategy by defining the appropriate coordination mode according to the evolution of the mission. Before sea validation, the behavior and the performance of the hybrid coordination strategy are first assessed in simulation. The control of individual robots relies on visual servoing, implemented with the OpenCV library, and the simulation tool is based on Blender software.The dynamics of the robots has been implemented in a realistic way in Blender by using the Bullet solver and the hydrodynamic coeficcients estimated on the actual robot. First results of the hybrid coordination strategy applied on a fleet of 3 AUV’s, show execution of a video acquisition task by a group of autonomous robots controlled by vision and coordinated by a hybrid strategy
Tchanon, Cyril. "La formation continue des salariés en droit social : contribution à l’étude d’une nouvelle assurance sociale." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020079.
Full textContinuing vocational training in French social law : contributing to the study of a new social insurance.For its purpose and its content, continuing vocational training belongs to the law of social protection. It allows employees to face the social risk of skills' obsolescence but also to secure their professional path. In 1973, the legislator created an artificial link between vocational training and labour law by codifying this field into the Labour Code. Labour Law exercised a constant influence on vocational training which was primarily based on the sole needs of employees. The reform of 5th March 2014 and the subsequent laws seem to have the will to break with this artificial legal framework. The legislator intends to create a system of social insurance which is universal, personal and individual. It raises the question of a potential right to vocational training and calls for a global reform of its functioning
Piccoli, Philippe. "L'expansion de la formation professionnelle continue." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020065.
Full textSince the 1970s, continuing vocational training extends to many economic and social activities, either employed or self-employed. The law and the contract particulary provide such an expansion, which is carried out in a context of great normative instability. Constantly amended, training programmes are often complex and sometimes even reveal to be ineffective. Financing vocational training also raises questions due to the many people, both public and private, who are involved in this area. The overall system can and must be substantially improved so as to enable the expansion of vocational training wherever it deserves to be encouraged
Sprenger, Uta. "L'influence de la Commission européenne sur le développement des ressources humaines dans les petites et moyennes entreprises : une comparaison France-Allemagne." Lyon 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO33006.
Full textLow, Mei Yin. "Relationship between acrylamide formation and flavour generation in heated foods." Thesis, University of Reading, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435657.
Full textNourry, Christophe. "Extraction électrochimique des lanthanides des milieux de fluorures fondus par formation d'alliages." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/153/.
Full textThis work consisted in studying the electrochemical behaviour of some dissolved lanthanides (Gd, Nd, Sm) in LiF-CaF2 media on inert and reactive cathodes in the 800-920°C temperature range and then to estimate their possible extraction from the melt by reduction on a reactive electrode (Ni, Cu or Ni/Cu). Using electrochemical methods and SEM micrographs, reduction mechanisms and thermodynamic parameters such as standard potentiel and activity coefficient were determined for the different species in the melt. The Gibbs energies and the reduction mechanisms were determined for LnNi and LnCu compounds. Finaly, extractions have been performed on reactives electrodes with very good extraction rate (> 99. 7%)
Cheng, Siu Kei. "Adopting a new lifestyle : formation of a local organic food community in Hong Kong /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?HUMA%202009%20CHENGS.
Full textJohnsson, Lars. "Phytosterol oxidation products : formation, analysis and occurrence /." Uppsala : Dept. of Food Science, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/a490.pdf.
Full textBerkani, Madjid. "Etude thermodynamique de mélanges de sels fondus contenant du fluorure de néodyme." Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX11053.
Full textMezghani, Abderrazak. "Interface polymère-paroi et stabilité des écoulements de polymères fondus." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10096.
Full textRozario, Pascale de. "Le mandat d'intégrer les jeunes en Europe : confrontation de cultures : le FSE en Finlande, en Italie et France." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0016.
Full textWhatever the systems be, 14 millions of young people would leave the initial training systems with no perspectives in terms of employment or study. In the 1990's, European Commission made this severe report while both endorsing a traditional welfare state mandate and convening national experts in order to identify the best integration practices. From 1994 to 1999, the European Social Fund policy challenged the member states on the ways they deal with a fundamental dilemma of social organization : how integrating young generations managing at the same time the structural tension that exists between social order and personal freedom ? Analyzing the social uses of this policy implies to deal with several theorical and opertional questions described through four levels of reception. Did national institutions used these funds to reform, to reinforce or to delegate this public mandate ? What kind of expert ressources the actors to whose this mandate to integrate young people is delegated did used during this programming ? What evaluation criteria have been selected ? Can we identify different cultures of this mandate for integration which characterize specific ways of treating the adressed dilemma ? Results show that these cultures are working with different major reasons that influence all the imagined solutions. To integrate someones goes through a professionnal project in France ; the participation to a social network in Italy and the restoration of a positive relationship to oneself and the society in Finland. These cultural comparisons will approach comparative methods in the light of better linking macro phenomenons (policy, institutions) to micro ones (experts, territories)
Da, Silva Francisco. "Systèmes d'halogénures de lanthanides fondus : expérimentation, modélisation et calculs thermodynamiques." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11036.
Full textEl, Ghallali Houda. "Formation d'alliages à base d'étain par électrolyse en milieu Chlorures fondus : application aux batteries de lithium." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066168.
Full textTauk, Lara. "Formation hiérarchique de gradients (bio)fonctionnels fondés sur des monocouches auto-assemblées stimulables par le pH." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6203.
Full textIn this work we show that dynamic covalent chemistry can be used to functionalize surfaces in such a way that their interfacial properties can be controllably varied in space and time. As a proof of principle and in order to illustrate the potential of this technique we have developed DynaSAMs which enable the hierarchical construction of mixed gradients that are comprised of either small functional molecules or proteins. This thesis is divided into two main parts. The first one concerns the design, synthesis and characterization of our target molecules. The second one described surface’s functionalization with these molecules as well as their dynamic exchange in space and time. The synthetic aspect consists in functionalizing cyanines type dyes by different amines as recognition groups having different pKa. These molecules can then be grafted onto an aldehyde functionalized surface using reversible imines bonds. The possibility to obtain many types of fluorescent gradients by pH modulation allowed us to establish a proof of principle for the new approach. The generality of this technique was illustrated by the elaboration of wettability gradients from a mixture of amines bearing hydrophobic and hydrophilic entities and especially, by the formation of biomaterials which are composed of avidine and streptavidine proteins gradients. The DynaSAMs approach opens up an interesting research framework related to the design of new responsive interfacial systems that can adapt their constituents to external parameters
Bethermin, Matthieu. "Compter les galaxies infrarouges, raconter leur histoire : propriétés statistiques des galaxies infrarouges à grand redshift et origine du fond extragalactique infrarouge." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665256.
Full textPearson, Susan M. "Studies on microbiological hazards associated with ethnic foods, with particular reference to mycotoxin formation and clostridium perfringens." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325965.
Full textDulou, Cyril (19. "Interactions houle-sédiments : application à la formation des barres littorales." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX11024.
Full textDiaby, Moussa. "Compréhension des mécanismes de formation de dépôts en fond de première gorge de piston de moteurs Diesel." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005625.
Full textGounon, Patricia. "Encadrement d'apprenants à distance : étude du soutien informatique à la conception d'une formation en ligne fondé sur un modèle d'organisation du tutorat." Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1017.pdf.
Full textThis research subject lies within the framework of e-learning engineering and more particularly on-line education. The design of these environments requires both the definition of the learning activity in terms of learning content, and that the support activity. The latter follows the learner knowledge construction and acquisition throughout the course. The assistance given within distance learning is an important issue due to the tutor's potential absence and lack of response to learner expectations during a learning session. Our research focuses particularly on the activity accompaniment design. The case study involves lowing at computer support for the distance learning designer so as to describe the learner accompaniment. We aim to specify roles and tutor involvement and also to describe the tools supporting this activity. Using tutoring activity research studies in distance learning environments we propose a tutoring organisation model, called Triton model. The model becomes the basis for 1) reflection upon the accompaniment that he wants a given learning activity and 2) description of the tutoring organisation in an e-learning platform. From the Triton model, we conceive computer environment, EdiScenE, aimed at being used by an on-line education designer to make a scenario for a pedagogical situation, and specify and choose support tools for the tutoring activity. The idea is to propose a formalism to describe a learning design in terms of learning situation description (learning scenario) and the actors interactions (accompaniment scenario). To permit interoperability and reusability of scenarios in platforms, standards are necessary. This is why we choose the Educational Modelling Language IMS Learning Design, which we propose to extend to enrich of the accompaniment scenario. This extension is based on our tutoring organisation model. The goal is improve the accompaniment by sharpening the description in terms of actors' tasks and roles in the context of on-line education. The EdiScenE prototype was tested in the context of several departments. These tests showed the pertinence of the tutoring organisation model that we put forth for describing an accompaniment scenario, integrating a tutoring component description in distance learning environment design
Vásquez, Fermi Guillermo. "En busca del formato Betito: Al Fondo Hay Sitio, una mirada a nuestras diferencias." La Mirada de Telemo, 2010. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index//handle/123456789/20391.
Full textAbu-Shakra, A. M. "Studies on the formation and mutagenic activity of some amino-imidazo azaarenes in foods subjected to high-temperature cooking." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374077.
Full textBui, Thang Dinh. "Neural network analysis of sparse datasets : an application to the fracture system in folds of the Lisburne Formation, northeastern Alaska /." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://handle.tamu.edu/1969.1/2593.
Full textBavouzet, Nicolas. "Les galaxies infrarouges : distribution spatiale, contributions au fond extragalactique et distributions spectrales d'énergie." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00363975.
Full textLa première partie de ce travail porte sur l'étude de la
distribution spatiale des galaxies infrarouges. Nous avons introduit une nouvelle méthode pour mesurer la fonction de corrélation angulaire des galaxies. Cette méthode a été validée sur des simulations et des données. Nous avons également montré comment les effets de corrélation spatiale pouvaient biaiser les mesures de flux moyen réalisées par la méthode d'empilement. De plus, la
fonction de corrélation angulaire mesurée pour les sources sélectionnées à 3.6 microns et 24 microns montre un excès de corrélation aux petites échelles angulaires. Ceci pourrait être lié à l'interaction des galaxies à l'intérieur d'un meme halo de matière noire qui favoriserait alors les mécanismes d'émission infrarouge.
Dans un second temps, nous nous sommes attachés à mieux caractériser le fond diffus infrarouge (CIB) en déterminant la contribution à ce fond des sources détectées à 3.6 microns et en la comparant à celle des sources sélectionnées à 24 microns. Nous avons également estimé la contribution au CIB à 3.6 et 24 microns des sources sélectionnées à 3.6 microns en fonction de leur taux de formation stellaire spécifique.
Enfin, nous avons étudié les distributions spectrales d'énergie d'un grand nombre de galaxies situées entre z=0 et z=2 : nous avons montré d'une part que les luminosités à 8 et 24 microns étaient de bons traceurs de la luminosité totale infrarouge (et donc du taux de formation stellaire) et, d'autre part, que les propriétés de ces galaxies ne semblaient pas évoluer entre entre z=0 et z=1. Nous avons également étudié de façon détaillée le spectre infrarouge de 17 galaxies sélectionnées à 70 microns et nous avons montré que la luminosité relative des PAHs diminuait lorsque le champ de rayonnement
augmentait.
Avin, Aleksandras. "Europos Sąjungos struktūrinių fondų parama žmogiškojo kapitalo formavimui bei plėtrai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120731_121251-14589.
Full text1. Human capital plays an important role in economic growth as the economic and social development are closely linked to investment in human capital. There is allocated almost 40 percent of total funds dedicated to the operational program of development of Human Resources to increase qualitative employment and social scope. 2. Following the survey of public opinion it was found out that the implementation of developed strategies are being considered extremely poor, while there is a great need to increase economic activity and employment. Increase of economic activity and employment of the population is a problem area. 3. There is lack of support shown for the formation and development of Human capital of the EU Structural Funds after the interview carried by the specialists. Although the support helps to create a more competitive workforce, it is often allocated not considering the real needs of society. The complexity of the procedures of support receiving is also highlighted. 4. It has been found out that the main problem of Educational institutions of the EU Structural Funds is inadequate compatibility of projects. 5. The measures for the additional funding for higher education organizing adult education programs should be provided in order to improve the use of formation and development of human capital of EU Structural Funds and take into account the real needs of society. 6. The skills of administering personnel should be... [to full text]
Lepareur, Céline. "L’évaluation dans les enseignements scientifiques fondés sur l’investigation : effets de différentes modalités d'évaluation formative sur l’autorégulation des apprentissages." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH019/document.
Full textSince a few years, in many European countries, Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE) has impacted science curriculums. Two goals are at stake: to provide an image of scientific activity more consistent with the actual activity of scientists, and to arouse students' interest by emphasizing their active role in the learning process. With the introduction of these measures, the implementation of formative assessments opens a promising way to meet these goals. They are in fact likely to develop students’ self-regulation and to provide relevant feedbacks for teachers to regulate their teaching (Allal & Mottier Lopez, 2007; Clark, 2012; Wiliam, 2010). This doctoral research focuses on the impacts of different modalities of formative assessment on students’ self-regulation in the specific context of IBSE. Two issues have guided this work. The first one, of empirical nature, aimed at analyzing the evaluation practices of teachers and their effects on the self-regulatory process. The second one was the development of a methodology to analyze the variables at stake. To do this, we proceeded by recording videos of class sessions and constructed an indicator grid which allowed us to analyze in situ process. Different teaching situations were compared. The first corresponded to formative assessments such as teachers implement it in their daily practices. The second concerned the assessment practices implemented by the same teachers the following year, after a workshop where teachers were invited to reflect on their practice. Our results show a better balance in the use of different formative assessment methods in the second situation, especially towards a greater empowerment of students and better taking account peers as resources. Students also demonstrate more efficient self-regulation of their behavior in the light of a greater time spent to produce solving strategies and a better commitment to the task. The question of how to formally integrate the self-assessment tool to student activity is still pending. Some ideas to effectively combine the evaluation with different learning tasks are thus proposed
Molina, Mejia Jorge Mauricio. "ELiTe-[FLE]2 : un environnement d'ALAO fondé sur la linguistique textuelle, pour la formation linguistique des futurs enseignants de FLE en Colombie." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAL024/document.
Full textThis thesis presents a computer device aimed at helping future FFL teacher training in Colombian universities. It is grounded in text linguistics and aims to contribute to improving the linguistic level of university students currently in training. To do so, this device is based on a textual corpus specifically annotated and labeled thanks to natural language processing (NLP) tools and to manual annotations in XML format. This should allow the development of activities with a formative aim, while also taking into account the needs expressed by the target public (teachers/trainers and their students, the trainees).As explained throughout this thesis, the elaboration of such a system is based on knowledge and skills stemming from several disciplines and/or fields: language didactics, educational engineering, general linguistics, textual linguistics, corpus linguistics, NLP and CALL. The ambition is to provide trainees and trainers in higher education in Colombia with a tool designed according to their needs and their learning aims and objectives. Finally, the originality of this system consists in the choice of target users, the didactic training model implemented and the specificity of the corpus annotated for the activities. It is one of the first CALL systems based on textual linguistics specifically targeted at training future FFL teachers in a non-native language context
Derja, Ahmed. "Etude fondamentale de la formation d'alliages superficiels dans les systèmes Fe-Ni, Fe-Al et Ni-Al par les méthodes électrochimiques impulsionnelles dans les sels fondus." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37597072m.
Full textDerja, Ahmed. "Etude fondamentale de la formation d'alliages superficiels dans les systèmes Fe-Ni, Fe-Al et Ni-Al par les méthodes électrochimiques impulsionnelles dans les sels fondus." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066461.
Full textDe, Paula Pereira Luiz. "Mechanisms of oxygen bubble formation in a glass melt in the nuclear waste vitrification context." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLM033.
Full textThis doctorate takes place in the framework of nuclear waste vitrification and it deals with gas production occurring during the high-temperature process. We are focused on molecular oxygen produced by redox reactions of multivalent elements. Indeed, these elements can be found in different contexts, including natural and industrial systems. This thesis aims to understand, fundamentally, the mechanisms of oxygen bubble formation and growth and how they are linked to redox reactions taking place in this context. We have chosen a simplified nuclear glass system composed of a borosilicate glass doped with cerium oxide. To support the understanding of bubble formation and growth in this given context, we characterized the simplified system in terms of physical and thermochemical properties. First, we studied the mass transfer between an oxygen bubble and the melt, for varying cerium contents (% Ce2O3) and oxygen fugacities (fO2). This study was carried out by both experimental and numerical means. The results confirm that cerium redox reaction significantly enhances the mass transfer, mainly in reduced states and high cerium oxide contents. A theoretical model assuming instantaneous redox reaction and a diffusion dominated by molecular oxygen allows, globally, to explain the experimental results. Afterward, we expanded the study to a bubble population scenario. This part of the work has also been investigated by both experimental and numerical means. The melting of a granular medium, composed of glass beads, leads to a bubble population nucleated mainly due to air trapping. Assuming that the bubble dynamics is driven by their residence time in the crucible, the overall dynamics at various temperatures is the same. A numerical model based only on mass transfer does not estimate bubble behavior, and consequently coalescence should be taken into account.Finally, we proposed a novel in-situ method to infer bubble volume fraction. We demonstrated the theoretical and technical viability of this novel method by comparing the results with other well-established approaches from the literature
Tadlaoui, Mohammed. "Système de recommandation de ressources pédagogiques fondé sur les liens sociaux : Formalisation et évaluation." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI053/document.
Full textWith the increasing amount of educational content produced daily by users, it becomes very difficult for learners to find the resources that are best suited to their needs. Recommendation systems are used in educational platforms to solve the problem of information overload. They are designed to provide relevant resources to a learner using some information about users and resources. The present work fits in the context of recommender systems for educational resources, especially systems that use social information. We have defined an educational resource recommendation approach based on research findings in the area of recommender systems, social networks, and Technology-Enhanced Learning. We rely on social relations between learners to improve the accuracy of recommendations. Our proposal is based on formal models that calculate the similarity between users of a learning environment to generate three types of recommendation, namely the recommendation of 1) popular resources; 2) useful resources; and 3) resources recently consulted. We have developed a learning platform, called Icraa, which integrates our recommendation models. The Icraa platform is a social learning environment that allows learners to download, view and evaluate educational resources. In this thesis, we present the results of an experiment conducted for almost two years on a group of 372 learners of Icraa in a real educational context. The objective of this experiment is to measure the relevance, quality and usefulness of the recommended resources. This study allowed us to analyze the user’s feedback on the three types of recommendations. This analysis is based on the users’ traces which was saved with Icraa and on a questionnaire. We have also performed an offline analysis using a dataset to compare our approach with four base line algorithms
Jantzi, Hugo. "Incision fluviale et transition d'une rivière alluviale vers une rivière à fond rocheux : formation et évolution des seuils molassiques de la moyenne Garonne toulousaine au cours du 20e siècle." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20069/document.
Full textThe middle Garonne River has seen its morphology and hydro-sedimentary dynamics change significantly during the 20th century, resulting in channel narrowing and incision. This thesis proposes to analyze the vertical adjustments of the river since 1830 and the dynamics of the evolution of the knickpoints released from the alluvial cover under the effect of the incision. The study is based on a geohistorical and field approach, at three spatial scales: (1) the length of the middle Garonne, (2) three sections and (3) the knickpoints present at each section. At the linear scale, three phases of adjustments are identified: a first phase (1830-1860s) of aggradation (1.9 cm.an-1) and widening; a second phase (1860-1920) of aggradation (3.2 cm.an-1) and narrowing; then a third phase (1920-2000s) of incision (2.6 cm.an-1) and narrowing with an acceleration of the incision (3.6 cm.an-1) and narrowing from the 1960s. At the section scale, the major role of in-stream mining has been highlighted with regard to the outcropping of knickpoints by regressive and progressive erosion operating rapidly during the 1970s. At the scale of the knickpoints, the degradation of the molasse shows that once the alluvial cover is released, the incision remains active and the river continues its incision without major break in terms of speed between the two processes. Furthermore, the study of the erosion forms in the molasse highlights the importance of the fusion of the forms for the erosion and the evolution of the knickpoints, and tends to show that vertical erosion would not be the main factor for the development of the knickpoints. The mobility of the coarse load has also shown that the knickpoints are not an obstacle to the mobility of the pebbles during downstream transfer
Rasera, Yann. "L'histoire cosmique des baryons dans un univers hierarchique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00070844.
Full textHsu, James Chun Hou Chemical Sciences & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Nitrate, nitrite and nitrosamine: contents and analyses in selected foods; effect of vitamin C supplementation on N-nitrosodimethylamine formation in humans; and an investigation of natural alternatives to nitrites as preservatives in cured meat products." Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Chemical Sciences & Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43740.
Full textDole, Herve. "L'Evolution des Galaxies Infrarouges.Des observations cosmologiques avec ISO a une modelisation de l'infrarouge moyen au submillimetrique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00394938.
Full textLe releve FIRBACK est constitue de 3 champs (deux boreaux et un austral) a haute latitude Galactique et de faible emission d'avant-plan, couvrant une surface totale de 3. 89 degre carres.
J'expose tout d'abord les techniques de reduction, de traitement et d'etalonnage des donnees cosmologiques ISOPHOT. En particulier, je montre qu'en ayant determine le lobe de l'instrument, l'emission etendue est en accord entre PHOT et DIRBE. Les cartes finales sont construites, et le releve est limite par la confusion σc=45 mJy.
Je presente ensuite les techniques d'extraction des sources et de simulation pour la photometrie, qui permettent de construire le catalogue final de 106 sources, de flux compris entre 180 mJy (4σc ) et 2.4 Jy. Le catalogue complementaire regroupe 90 sources de flux compris entre 135 et 200 mJy. Les comptages de galaxies presentent un fort exces par rapport aux modeles sans et avec evolution, et aux observations locales : ils ne sont compatibles qu'avec des scerarii de forte evolution. Les sources representent 4% du fond extragalactique a 170 µm. Les quelques identifications a d'autres longueurs d'onde (en particulier dans le domaine visible et submillimetrique) suggerent que les sources FIRBACK sont des galaxies tres lumineuses dont la majorite est locale, mais dont une fraction non negligeable se situe a des redshifts superieurs a 1.
Dans le but de comprendre la nature des sources FIRBACK et d'apporter
des contraintes sur l'evolution des galaxies infrarouges, j'ai developpe un modele phenomenologique d'evolution. En utilisant la fonction de luminosite locale observee et une famille de spectres de galaxies starburst, il est possible de contraindre l'evolution de la fonction de luminosite en ajustant toutes les donnees existantes : comptages profonds a 15, 170 et 850 µm et spectre du fond extragalactique. Je montre ainsi que l' evolution des galaxies dans le domaine couvrant l'infrarouge moyen au submillimetrique est dominee par une population de galaxies infrarouges ultra-lumineuses, dont le pic se situe a L=2.0*10^11 Luminosites solaires. Les distributions en redshift sont en accord avec les observations. Le modele permet de faire des predictions pour les futures observations spatiales de SIRTF (Spitzer), Planck et FIRST (Herschel).
Nguyen, Van Toan. "Développer une autonomisation guidée de l'apprenant en français sur objectifs spécifiques : vers un apprentissage fondé sur le Web (web based learning)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30001/document.
Full textThis research lies at the intersection of four different areas: French for specific purposes; discourse analysis; learner autonomy and web based learning. We’ve collected a corpus which provided data for designing contextualized discursive activities exploiting the web (web-based learning : web as a communication tool, web as artifact integrated into the learning environment ) in the context of FOS for tourism. We chose to focus on the discursive activity because it allows us to answer two questions: - What should be taught / learned in a context of FOS for tourism ? - What are the characteristics of speech involved ? Our corpus comprises two printed travel guides on Vietnam (approximately 1000 pages) and oral discourse transcribed from records of tour guide speeches (about 10 hours in total). It is therefore both data mining in the corpus, the transfer of this data for applied linguistic and their direct reuse in the design of learning activities. The transfer is the application of the conclusions drawn from the analysis of the corpus for the development of discursive activities while the reuse of these data consists in extracting corpus elements to integrate them into discursive activities. To analyze the corpus, to structure and to program discursive activities, we used the XML and developed scripts for computer operations (analysis and learning activities ). Finally, our research leads to a didactic perspective. We recommend the discursive approach for the design of syllabus and discursive learning activities. We illustrate this approach with some learning activities. It should be noted that this is an exploratory study and not an experimental one
Zhang, Jie. "Intéractions vagues-fond marin et mécanismes de formation des vagues scélérates en zone côtière Wave-bottom interaction and extreme wave statistics due to shoaling and de-shoaling of irregular long-crested wave trains over steep seabed changes." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ECDM0003.
Full textIn the maritime community, the term "rogue wave" or “freak wave” is used for waves whose wave height exceeds twice the significant wave height of the ambient sea state, and which appear more frequently than predicted by the Rayleigh distribution for wave height based on a Gaussian sea state hypothesis. In the oceanic domain, rogue waves that have caused loss of lives and severe damage have been widely reported in recent decades. In coastal areas, irregular bathymetry can also trigger such high extreme waves due to seabed-wave interactions. In this thesis, we focus on three mechanisms or scenarios of wave-bottom interactions that can lead to the formation of high waves.The first scenario is a resonance phenomenon, known as Fabry-Perot resonance, which can develop when monochromatic waves propagate over a bathymetry with two areas of sinusoidal undulations on an otherwise flat bottom. In the resonator zone located between the two areas of ripples, a significant increase in the height of the incident wave can be obtained if the resonance condition is met. By comparing numerical simulations with either exact or approximated bottom boundary condition and an asymptotic linear analytical solution, we observe a shift of the resonance frequency at the resonance condition for cases where the ratio between the amplitude of the ripples and the water depth is large: resonance occurs for a smaller wave number than predicted by the approximate analytical theory. This downshift effect of resonance frequency plays a secondary role for Bragg resonance, but it is very important and sensitive for Fabry-Perot resonance.The second scenario corresponds to the instabilities of amplitude modulated wave trains, commonly called "breathers", which propagate over irregular bottoms. Three types of bathymetric profiles are studied experimentally and numerically with a fully nonlinear model and with nonlinear (cubic) Schrödinger equation. This study has shown that for shallow depths and for certain conditions, the amplitude of the modulation can reach twice the amplitude of the initial train. This shallow depth amplification results from mechanisms that do not exist at constant depth. The influences of parameters that can affect the dynamics of breathers, including the Akhmediev breather parameter, water depth, steepness of the carrier wave, wave period and bottom slopes are analysed.The third scenario corresponds to unidirectional irregular wave trains propagating on variable coastal bottom profiles. When an incident sea state in equilibrium condition passes over a submerged bar or step, non-equilibrium dynamics appear and force the sea state to a new equilibrium compatible with the finite depth, characterized by highly non-Gaussian statistics and an increased probability of extreme wave occurrence. The combination of large-scale experiments and fully nonlinear simulations allows a better understanding of the dynamic response of the wave train. The resulting data were analysed in depth using a combination of spectral, bispectral and statistical approaches
Weber, Guy. "Contribution a l'étude des conditions de formation du compose Cu::(3)Si par réduction du chlorure cuivreux solide gazeux ou fondu en présence de silicium monocristallin ou polycristallin en poudre : influence de divers additifs : PBCL::(2), MGCL::(2), KCL, ALCL::(3)." Dijon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988DIJOS013.
Full textRuppin, Florian. "Cosmologie via les observations d'amas de galaxies par effet Sunyaev-Zel'dovich avec NIKA2." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY029/document.
Full textThe mass distribution in the Universe, as traced by galaxy clusters is a powerful cosmological probe. The characterization of the processes associated with the origin and the growth of the large scale structures enables constraining cosmological parameters by studying the distribution of clusters according to their mass and redshift. However, a tension is observed between the cosmological constraints established by the study of the primary anisotropies of the cosmological background and those resulting from the analysis of the distribution of galaxy clusters. This may imply that our cosmological model is incomplete. The observation of clusters from the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect allows us to constrain their gas pressure. This observable can be directly linked to the mass of galaxy clusters via a scaling relation and a pressure profile. It is thus essential to characterize the latter precisely in order to limit the potential bias and systematic effects affecting cosmological analyses. This thesis presents the work carried out to this end. It covers topics ranging from SZ observations made with the NIKA2 camera installed at the IRAM 30-metre telescope to the estimation of cosmological parameters, and including the analysis of NIKA2 raw data and the SZ maps produced.Part of the thesis work presented in this document is dedicated to the study and the improvement of the different tasks carried out, from the observations of galaxy clusters with the NIKA2 camera to the production of maps of the SZ effect. The procedures developed to estimate the NIKA2 instrumental performance are detailed and the analysis pipeline used to analyze the raw data is presented.The work carried out in this thesis also consisted in characterizing the thermodynamic properties of galaxy clusters using joint analyzes that combine the NIKA2 SZ maps with X-ray data measured by the XMM-Newton satellite. We detail the methods used in the SZ data processing software created for the NIKA2 SZ large program, the non-parametric deprojection procedure developed to characterize the pressure profile of galaxy clusters and the results of the first SZ observation with NIKA2.The last activities presented are dedicated to the analyses carried out to quantify the impact of the NIKA2 SZ large program on cosmology. We analyze the effect of dynamic disturbances of the intracluster medium on the characterization of the pressure profile with NIKA2 via the use of clusters from the MUSIC N-body simulation. Finally, we detail the study realized in order to estimate the impact of a modification of the universal pressure profile on the estimation of cosmological parameters derived from the power spectrum of the SZ effect measured by Planck
Leiton-Thompson, Roger. "Resolving the cosmic infrared background with the Herschel space observatory." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112146.
Full textDuring the last decades, infrared astronomy has changed our view about the evolution of galaxies, especially at large distances. We have access to large variety of physical information in the infrared bands. However, diffraction limits of the infrared instruments and the existence of a large number of sources makes individualization of galaxies a difficult task. The first part of this thesis is entitled Resolving the Cosmic Infrared Background with the Herschel Space Observatory where, by the use of far-infrared realistic simulations of the deepest infrared images of the Universe, we have studied the origin of the confusion noise in the GOODS-Herschel images and resolved a substantive part of the Cosmic Infrared Background into individual galaxies. New techniques were developed to predict the fluxes in the far-infrared from prior knowledge in the mid-infrared. Mock images were built using those predicted fluxes to evaluate the role of local confusion noise and identify individual sources. The second part of the thesis concerns the study of the Destruction of dust grains by radio jets. We study the effects of active galactic nuclei in the insterstellar medium, in particular in the mechanism that gives rise to the narrow-line region in Seyfert galaxies. Long-slit near-Infrared spectra of a set of type-2 Seyfert galaxies were taken to measure diagnostic emission lines ([Fe II], [P II] and Paβ) that reveal the destruction of dust grains due to the shock waves produced by the radio jets. We found that the dominant mechanism of ionization close to the nuclei of the Seyfert galaxies is the radiation field produced by the back hole activity. In the outer part of the narrow-line region, shock waves induced by the radio jets also contribute to the energy budget of the interstellar medium and sputter the dust grains. This was a co-advising thesis performed in the Service d’Astrophysique CEA-Saclay and the Astronomy Department of the University of Concepción, Chile
Durante las últimas décadas, la astronomía infrarroja ha cambiado nuestra visión sobre la evolución de galaxias, en especial revelando que a grandes distancias (z >1) las galaxias individuales son típicamente Galaxias Infrarrojas Ultraluminosas (cuyas siglas en inglés son ULIRGs por Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies, 1012 < Lbol < 1013 L⊙). Actualmente tenemos acceso a una gran variedad de información física basada en la emisión en bandas espectrales infrarrojas (IR), radiación que en el caso de las galaxias es producida en su mayoría por granos de polvo. Sin embargo, el límite de difracción de los instrumentos infrarrojos junto con el gran número de fuentes de emisión hace de la individualización de galaxias una tarea difícil. La primera parte de esta tesis se titula Resolviendo el Fondo Cósmico Infrarrojo con el Observatorio Espacial Herschel donde, con el uso de simulaciones realistas de las imágenes más profundas del Universo, hemos estudiado el origen del ruido de confusión en las imágenes GOODS-Herschel y resuelto en galaxias individuales una parte sustantiva del Fondo Cósmico Infrarrojo. Nuevas técnicas fueron desarrolladas para predecir los flujos en el infrarrojo lejano a partir del conocimiento a priori en el infrarrojo medio. Las imágenes simuladas fueron construidas usando esos flujos predichos y con ellos evaluar el rol del ruido de confusión local así como identificar fuentes individuales. La segunda parte de la tesis trata del estudio sobre la Destrucción de granos de polvo por chorros en ondas de radio. Este proyecto que se concentró en la observación de galaxias Seyfert y ULIRGS y apunta a entender mejor el ciclo de vida del polvo al estudiar la destrucción de granos en galaxias con nucleos activos y los efectos de la actividad de estas últimas en el medio interestelar, en particular en el mecanismo que da origen a la región de líneas de emisión angostas en las galaxias Seyfert. Se obtuvo espectros infrarrojos de rendija larga de galaxias Seyfert del tipo 2 para medir líneas de emisión ([Fe II], [P II] y Paβ) las cuales revelan la destrucción de granos de polvo debido a las perturbaciones de las ondas de choque producidas por chorros detectados en ondas de radio. Hemos encontrado que el mecanismo dominante de la ionización cerca de los núcleos de las galaxias Seyfers es el campo de radiación producido por la actividad del agujero negro central. En la parte externa de la región de líneas de angostas, las ondas de choque inducidas por los chorros en radio también contribuyen al balance energético del medio interestelar y desintegran los granos de polvo. Esta fue una tesis de co-tutela llevada a cabo en el Departamento de Astronomía de la Universidad de Concepción y en el Service d’Astrophysique del Commissariat á l’Énergie Atomique (CEA), Francia
Tran, Thu Tam. "Modélisation numérique de l'interaction houle-courant-sédiment." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10210.
Full textLacasa, Fabien. "Non-Gaussianity and extragalactic foregrounds to the Cosmic Microwave Background." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00955975.
Full textJauzac, Mathilde. "Cosmological constraints : from the cosmic infrared background measurement to the gravitational lensing in massive galaxy clusters." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10096.
Full textThe principal thematic of my thesis work is the evolution and the formation of structures as a function of the redshift.My thesis analysis can be separated un two distinct parts, which can finally be merged in a third part with my last works.Firstly, I studied the evolution of the Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) as a function of redshift at 70 and 160 µm using data from the Spitzer Space Telescope. This analysis was performed in the GOODS & COSMOS fields by applying a stacking method.Secondly, I studied the mass distribtuion in massive galaxy clusters at high redshifts by using the gravitational lensign effect.I used optical data coming from the Hubble Space Telescope. The sample of galaxy clusters I used comes from a subsample of the MAssive Cluster Survey (MACS, PI:E. Ebeling) named the "high-z" sample, and which comprises 12 clusters.Understanding the state of evolution of galaxy clusters at high redshift wil allow us to put constraints on formation and evolution models of structures. The understanding of the evolution cycle of galaxy clusters is mandatory in terms of Observational Cosmology
Bessette, Marie-Ève. "Les facteurs explicatifs de l'intention d'implication des employeurs du secteur résidentiel de la construction dans la formation continue de leurs travailleurs." Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/1628.
Full textLin, Li-Ting, and 林立婷. "Factors Affecting Furan Formation in Foods." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90090743449691415235.
Full text臺灣大學
環境衛生研究所
98
Furan is a lipophilic and high volatile liquid with low boiling point of 31℃. It may be formed in food under heat treatment, such as the industrial manufacturing and cooking processes. The possible exposure of furan from foods raises concerns because it has been found to cause carcinogenicity and cytotoxicity on animals. Besides, furan is also classified as a possible human carcinogen (Group 2B) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 1995. Recently, many studies have devoted to research on the toxicity, occurrence and analysis of furan in food. Different model systems were also performed to understand the possible factors and the associated mechanism affecting the formation of furan in foods. For the purpose of assessing health risk and reducing exposures from furan, the main objective of this study was to identify other possible factors, including the varieties and the amounts of precursors, heating temperature and heating time. Taguchi method coupled with model system was employed to find the effects of these factors on furan formation from certain precursors (e.g., sugars and ascorbic acid, amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids), respectively. Besides, the technique of solid phase microextraction (SPME) equipped with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed for the determination of furan. Under the experimental conditions of this study, the results indicated that heating temperature and time might affect furan formation from sugars and ascorbic acid (p= 0.0006 and p=0.0448, respectively). As heating temperature or heating time increased, the amount of furan produced by sugars and ascorbic acid would be increased. Besides, heating temperature also has effect on furan formation by polyunsaturated fatty acids (p= 0.0093). In the premise of food safety, furan formation would be decreased by using lower temperature to cook or sterilize for food containing above components. Shorting heating time may be helpful to reduce furan levels in food fortified with sugars and ascorbic acid as well. Further studies are still needed to clarify the complex mechanism of furan formation in foods.
莊偉鑫. "Analysis and Formation of Acrylamide in Fried Foods." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75579248309350696845.
Full text輔仁大學
食品營養學系
93
The National Food Administration of Sweden issued a report in April 2002, showing that the starch-rich fried foods such as French fries and potato chips may contain a high amount of carcinogen - acrylamide. As the formation and content of acrylamide in fried foods are not well understood by the food industry in Taiwan, it is necessary to establish an accurate method for analysis of acrylamide, and study the effect of heating conditions as well as variety of oils on the formation of acrylamide in fried foods. Results showed that the most appropriate extraction solvent was ethyl acetate, with C-18 cartridge for purification and 5 mL water as elution solvent. Dibromination of acrylamide followed by dehydrobromination to 2-bromopropionamide in the presence of triethylamine is necessary for the subsequent analysis by GC-MS. The temperature programming condition for GC was as follows: isothermal for 1 min at 70℃, increased to 150℃at a rate of 10℃/min, maintained for 1 min, and to 240℃ at a rate of 30℃/min, maintained for 5 min. Detection was performed by MS with SIM mode. Internal standard N,N-dimethylacrylamide was used for quantification. The retention time of acrylamide was 2.7 min with detection limit at 5 ppb and recovery at 93﹪. Results also showed that protein-rich foods, like meats, acrylamide were not detected. Fancy rolls were found to contain a lower level of acrylamide (27 ppb-65 ppb), while fried bread sticks contained a higher level (54 ppb-98 ppb), both of which belong to starch-rich foods of cereal products. For starch-rich foods of roots, potato chips contained the highest level (62 ppb-609 ppb) of acrylamide, whereas fried sweet potato contained the lowest level (16 ppb-51 ppb). French fries and the batter of chicken legs fried at 180℃ generated a higher content of acrylamide than at 160℃. Compared to palm oil and soybean oil, French fries and the batter of chicken legs fried in lard produced a lower amount of acrylamide. However, acrylamide was not detected in chicken legs.
Liang, Yu-sheng, and 梁又升. "Study on formation of kink folds through boundary element method." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73121077187537294736.
Full text國立中央大學
地球科學學系
101
The features of kink folds are sharp hinges and straight asymmetric limbs; a shorter limb, which is called kink band, connects two longer limbs. Strongly foliated rocks like slates, schists, phyllites, and thin-bedded sedimentary rocks, commonly display kink folds. The properties of kink folds resemble flexural slip folds, but the slip between the layers is highly localized within shorter limbs, also known as kink bands. I use boundary element method to develop multilayer models, consisting of interface-slip in an elastic medium with possibly different parameters on interfaces of adjacent layers. The results show that the properties of interfaces (i.e., cohesion and friction) and initial differential stress play important roles in finite forms of folds. I find out that a multilayer with stand-alone friction on its interfaces cannot produce kink folds; and the lower limit of stand-alone cohesion divided by Young’s modulus ranges from 0.004 to 0.005. Friction can produce kink folds if the ratio of the vertical initial remote stress to horizontal initial remote stress (initial differential stress) is larger than 0.2, under the condition that the compression parallel to the interface, and equals to 0.75 when compression incline to the interface at 1˚ without cohesion by friction angle from 13˚ to 38˚. Considering the relation of three parameters, lower friction and cohesion can produce kink folds if the ratio of the initial differential stress is larger by friction angle is less than 35˚; kink folds replace the parts of original complex folds if the ratio of the initial differential stress is larger by friction angle is greater than 35˚. The results of this study are attain from models under the shortening of 35.9% with an incremental far-field strain of 0.02 for multilayer models of 16 interfaces.
Lee, Hsien-Wei, and 李憲韋. "Formation and Inhibition of Cholesterol Oxidation Products in Marinated Foods." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63618540024007052193.
Full text輔仁大學
食品營養學系
94
Many studies have shown that cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) may be detrimental to human health. Marinated foods rich in cholesterol, such as egg and meat, may be susceptible to formation of high amount of COPs after prolonged heating. The objectives of this study were to analyze the COPs content in marinated meat, egg and juice by GC-MS, as well as compare the effect of heating time, level of soy sauce and crystal sugar in marinated juice, and antioxidants on the formation or inhibition of COPs. Results showed that the COPs were formed at a higher level in marinated egg than in marinated meat. During extensive heating, a pronounced increase of COPs was observed in both marinated egg and meat, however, a larger increase was found for the latter when compared to the former. After heating for 24 h, the amount of COPs in marinated meat increased more than 83 %. The incorporation of soy sauce and crystal sugar was effective in inhibiting COPs formation; the former was more efficient in marinated juice, while the latter was efficient in marinated egg and meat. In addition, the addition of antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, BHA and Trolox were also effective in inhibiting COPs formation. The best protective effect was shown for vitamin C in marinated egg, BHA in marinated meat and marinated juice. The inhibition effect increased both with increasing concentration of BHA and Trolox. Unlike BHA and Trolox, a better inhibition effect was found for vitamin E at a low concentration. However, a better inhibition effect was shown for vitamin C at a high concentration in marinated egg, and a reversed trend occurred in marinated meat and juice.