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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Food chains (Ecology)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Food chains (Ecology)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Food chains (Ecology)"

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Fenchel, T. "Marine Plankton Food Chains." Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 19, no. 1 (November 1988): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.19.110188.000315.

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Cabana, Gilbert, Alain Tremblay, Jacob Kalff, and Joseph B. Rasmussen. "Pelagic Food Chain Structure in Ontario Lakes: A Determinant of Mercury Levels in Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-039.

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The trophic structure of pelagic communities in glaciated regions is highly variable due to restricted dispersal of glacial relict taxa and recent species introduction. Much of the between-lake variation in Hg in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) flesh from the St. Lawrence system (non-point-source contaminated lakes), which spans more than two orders of magnitude (0.03–3.96 μg/g), results from differences in the length of pelagic food chains. Hg levels from the longest food chains where pelagic forage fish and the crustacean Mysis relicta were present were about 3.6-fold higher than those from the shortest food chains where these last two trophic components were missing. A lack of correlation between Hg levels in small-mouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), which do not exploit the pelagic food chain, and the length of the pelagic food chain confirmed that the positive relationship observed in lake trout could not be attributed to the confounding effect of some physicochemical factors covarying with our pelagic food chain classification. Our results confirmed that the food chain biomagnification model developed by Rasmussen et al. (1990. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47: 2030–2038) to predict PCB levels in lake trout can also be applied to Hg biomagnification.

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Clark, Lisa F., and Jill E. Hobbs. "Informational barriers, quality assurance and the scaling up of complementary food supply chains in Sub-Saharan Africa." Outlook on Agriculture 47, no. 1 (February 21, 2018): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030727018760601.

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This article examines how effective quality assurance mechanisms can help address three challenges facing scaling-up efforts in supply chains for complementary foods in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): sourcing, market size and consumer trust. We use supply chain analysis to evaluate how stakeholder actions and relationships influence the dynamics of complementary food markets in SSA. We argue that effective signalling of credence attributes via credible quality assurance can contribute to the sustainability of local complementary food supply chains and once established, may contribute to the long-term affordability, accessibility and availability of these foods in SSA. The article concludes by stressing that allocating resources for establishing or further implementing regional and/or state-level quality assurance mechanisms for food safety and quality requires the coordination of stakeholder actions to address food insecurity across SSA.

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Toilbay, Ozgeriskhan, Aidos Moldabekov, Nazgul Moldabekova, and Abylai Abai. "IMPACT OF HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH ON SPECIES EXTINCTION." Вестник КазАТК 129, no. 6 (November 6, 2023): 432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52167/1609-1817-2023-129-6-432-439.

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Although a significant portion of the anthropogenic impact on other species comes from our habit of eating other animals, little attention has been paid to understanding and quantifying how human carnivory threatens biodiversity globally. Here we consider anthropogenic threats to human food chains. We identify two mechanisms related to predation in the human food chain (predation and predation), one to competition (prey depletion and harassment), one to biohazards (any adverse effects caused by introduced livestock or alien species associated with human carnivory), four to environmental changes (destructive harvesting methods , animal husbandry, agriculture and climate change) and a different category for indirectly related processes is our high trophic state. Our findings demonstrate that human food chains are a major driver of the current biodiversity crisis and will hopefully contribute to increasing awareness of this fundamental but neglected aspect of human ecology.

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Kelly, Jeffrey F. "Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in the study of avian and mammalian trophic ecology." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 1 (February 28, 2000): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-165.

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Differential fractionation of stable isotopes of carbon during photosynthesis causes C4 plants and C3 plants to have distinct carbon-isotope signatures. In addition, marine C3 plants have stable-isotope ratios of carbon that are intermediate between C4 and terrestrial C3 plants. The direct incorporation of the carbon-isotope ratio (13C/12C) of plants into consumers' tissues makes this ratio useful in studies of animal ecology. The heavy isotope of nitrogen (15N) is preferentially incorporated into the tissues of the consumer from the diet, which results in a systematic enrichment in nitrogen-isotope ratio (15N/14N) with each trophic level. Consequently, stable isotopes of nitrogen have been used primarily to assess position in food chains. The literature pertaining to the use of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in animal trophic ecology was reviewed. Data from 102 studies that reported stable-isotope ratios of carbon and (or) nitrogen of wild birds and (or) mammals were compiled and analyzed relative to diet, latitude, body size, and habitat moisture. These analyses supported the predicted relationships among trophic groups. Carbon-isotope ratios differed among species that relied on C3, C4, and marine food chains. Likewise, nitrogen-isotope ratios were enriched in terrestrial carnivorous mammals relative to terrestrial herbivorous mammals. Also, marine carnivores that ate vertebrates had nitrogen-isotope ratios that were enriched over the ratios of those that ate invertebrates. Data from the literature also indicated that (i) the carbon-isotope ratio of carnivore bone collagen was inversely related to latitude, which was likely the result of an inverse relationship between the proportion of carbon in the food chain that was fixed by C4 plants and latitude; (ii) seabirds and marine mammals from northern oceans had higher nitrogen-isotope ratios than those from southern oceans; (iii) the nitrogen-isotope ratios of terrestrial mammals that used xeric habitats were higher than the ratios of those that used mesic habitats, indicating that water stress can have important effects on the nitrogen-isotope ratio; (iv) there was no relationship between body mass and nitrogen-isotope ratio for either bone collagen or muscle of carnivores; and (v) there was linear covariation between stable-isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in marine food chains (but not in terrestrial C3 or C4 food chains), which is likely a product of increases in carbon-isotope ratio with trophic level in marine food chains. Differences in stable-isotope composition among trophic groups were detected despite variation attributable to geographic location, climate, and analytical techniques, indicating that these effects are large and pervasive. Consequently, as knowledge of the distribution of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen increases, they will probably become an increasingly important tool in the study of avian and mammalian trophic ecology.

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Vinagre, Catarina, and Cristina L. Gastón. "Short food chains, highly diverse and complex food web networks in coastal lagoons." Food Webs 38 (March 2024): e00341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2024.e00341.

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Fagerström, Torbjörn, and Torbjorn Fagerstrom. "Biomagnification in Food Chains and Related Concepts." Oikos 62, no. 2 (November 1991): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3545273.

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Gross, Thilo, Wolfgang Ebenhöh, and Ulrike Feudel. "Long food chains are in general chaotic." Oikos 109, no. 1 (April 2005): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.13573.x.

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Ayal, Yoram, and Elli Groner. "Primary Consumer Body Size and Food-Chain Length in Terrestrial Communities." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 55, no. 4 (May 6, 2009): 329–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijee.55.4.329.

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Using 21 community food webs, we tested Elton's two hypotheses regarding the main factors limiting food-chain length in terrestrial communities, namely, energy (energy limitation hypothesis—ELH) and body size (size limitation hypothesis—SLH). As predators tend to be larger than their prey, food-chains are size-structured: animal size increases with trophic position. We found a negative correlation between the size of the primary consumer and the length of the chain. Food-chains based on small primary consumers are longer than those based on large primary consumers, and size rather than energetic efficiency is the main contributing factor. We found no correlation between habitat productivity and mean food-chain length. All these findings support the SLH over the ELH. Our results suggest that, as in aquatic communities, a single factor—a predator/prey size-ratio greater than 1—governs the structure of terrestrial communities.

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Ušča, Maija, and Lāsma Aļeksējeva. "Environmental Sustainability Aspects in Short Food Supply Chains: the Views of Organic Farmers and Consumers." Rural Sustainability Research 50, no. 345 (December 1, 2023): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plua-2023-0018.

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Abstract Globally, food systems are the most significant cause of environmental change; therefore, efforts to create more environmentally sustainable food systems are presented. One of the directions is strengthening the local actors and short food supply chains. Simultaneously, changes in farming systems are needed, and organic agriculture is one of the ways to make food systems more environmentally sustainable. Despite the abundance of research on the environmental consciousness of consumers in short food supply chains, the question is raised whether local food chain farmers are also committed to environmental sustainability. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the importance of environmental sustainability to organic short food supply chain actors. More specifically, the research depicts the views of organic farmers and consumers and their relation to the actual environmental sustainability of short food supply chains. During the research, a specific short food supply chain – a direct purchasing network – was explored. A qualitative approach was applied to reach the aim. Thus, in-depth interviews and observations were used as a research method. The research results demonstrated the views of farmers and consumers of the specific network regarding environmental sustainability aspects in the network. In the research, such environmental aspects as the circularity of resources, biodiversity, chemicals in the environment, seasonality and locality of diets, and the distance (food miles) were admitted as crucial ones by the specific short food supply chain actors. The differences in opinions of consumers and farmers emerged when thinking about the scale of their views.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Food chains (Ecology)"

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Cheung, Ma Shan. "Trophic transfer of metals along marine rocky shore food chains /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?AMCE%202007%20CHEUNG.

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Teng, Jack 1979. "Structure and energetics in theoretical food webs." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80884.

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This thesis studies how structure and energetics influence complex food web dynamics. In Chapter 1, I approach the question by studying a simple food web model that can be modified to include different structural and energetic features. In Chapter 2, I study stability and food web properties in assembled webs that are structured by body-size restrictions and a generalist-specialist tradeoff. The results of both chapters suggest that structure and energetics must be considered to understand food web dynamics. In Chapter 1, I find that food web structure can be modified by weak and strong energetic flows and stabilize dynamics through asynchrony. In Chapter 2, I find that food web assembly with different assemblages of generalists or specialists leads to structures that have corresponding differences in the stability and properties of food webs. Hence, my thesis reexamines the relationship of complexity and dynamics from a topological and energetic framework.

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Hall, Mia Rachael. "THE EFFECTS OF LIGHT AND NUTRIENTS ON FOOD CHAIN EFFICIENCY IN THREE-LEVEL FOOD CHAINS WITH BLUEGILL." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1344018242.

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Vander, Zanden M. Jake. "Trophic position in aquatic food webs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ55390.pdf.

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Cecchine, Gary Anthony III. "Combinations of natural and anthropogenic stressors affect populations of freshwater rotifers." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25398.

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Kelly, Barry C. "Bioaccumulation potential of organic contaminants in an Arctic marine food web /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2006. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2662.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - Simon Fraser University, 2006.
Theses (School of Resource and Environmental Management) / Simon Fraser University. Senior supervisor : Dr. Frank A. P. C. Gobas. Included bibliographical references : leaves 226-248.

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Folkard, Nicholas Francis Goring. "An experimental study of the plant-arthropod-bird food chain in the southwestern Yukon." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28985.

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I describe an experimental study of the importance of food limitation and predation at three trophic levels in a terrestrial food web. The study system was the herb layer vegetation - arthropod - insectivorous bird food chain in the boreal forest near Kluane Lake, southwestern Yukon. Since little is known about boreal bird communities, I conducted a descriptive study of the community of passerine and piciform birds at Kluane in addition to the main study. Variable circular plot point counts were used to estimate bird populations in 1987 through 1990. Species' habitat preferences, use of foraging substrates and diets were studied in 1988 and 1989. Population densities, species richness and evenness were all low. Yellow-rumped warblers (Dendroica coronata) and dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis) dominated the community. Common species differed markedly in their habitat preferences, and showed generally low overlaps in their use of foraging substrates. There was little evidence of dietary specialization. There was rather little spatial variation in the community, and species composition and total density remained approximately the same through time. However, there were large fluctuations in some species' populations between 1987 and 1989. The experimental study was conducted at two scales. Chemical fertilizer was applied to two 570m x 570m areas in 1987, 1988 and 1989. I compared arthropod populations, bird populations and bird reproductive performance in these areas with those in two control areas. Two experiments using 5m x 5m plots were performed in 1988 to examine the effects of fertilization on plants and arthropods in more detail, and to study the responses of these trophic levels to the exclusion of passerine birds and mammalian herbivores. All three trophic levels responded positively to fertilization, but the results were variable and there were no very large increases in biomass or population size. Dark-eyed juncos nested one week earlier in fertilized areas, which may have enhanced their reproductive success. Passerine exclusion did not increase arthropod biomass, but exclusion of mammalian herbivores increased plant biomass. "Bottom-up" limitation by food appears to dominate this system, but "top-down" limitation also operates at at least one level. More work is needed to fully understand how the system functions.
Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate

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Li, Oi-yee. "Shredders and leaf litter breakdown in Hong Kong streams." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b40203505.

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Cabana, Gilbert. "A comparative study of food-web processes in aquatic systems using stable isotopes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0026/NQ29900.pdf.

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Pangle, Kevin L. "The role of non-consumptive effects in the net effect of an invasive predator in the Laurentian Great Lakes." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Fisheries and Wildlife, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 2, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-159). Also issued in print.

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Books on the topic "Food chains (Ecology)"

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1961-, Ganeri Anita, ed. Food chains. Oxford: Heinemann Library, 2005.

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Rau, Dana Meachen. Food chains. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2009.

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MacAulay, Kelley. Prairie food chains. New York: Crabtree Pub. Co., 2005.

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Spilsbury, Richard. Grassland food chains. Oxford: Heinemann Library, 2004.

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Kawa, Katie. Meadow food chains. New York: PowerKids Press, 2015.

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ill, Adams Hazel 1983, ed. Desert food chains. Edina, Minn: Magic Wagon, 2011.

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Gerber, Carole. Tundra food chains. Minneapolis, Minn: Lake Street Publishers, 2003.

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Morey, Allan. Desert food chains. Minneapolis: Lake Street Publishers, 2003.

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Morey, Allan. Ocean food chains. Minneapolis: Lake Street Publishers, 2003.

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Gray, Susan Heinrichs. Food webs: Interconnecting food chains. Minneapolis, Minn: Compass Point Books, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Food chains (Ecology)"

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Brönmark, C., J. Dahl, and L. A. Greenberg. "Complex trophic interactions in freshwater benthic food chains." In Evolutionary Ecology of Freshwater Animals, 55–88. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8880-6_3.

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Elton, Charles S. "Chapter Seven New Food-chains for Old." In The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants, 175–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34721-5_14.

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Stambaugh, Tamra, Eric Fecht, and Emily Mofield. "Interactions Among Living and Nonliving Things: Ecosystems and Food Chains." In Interactions in Ecology and Literature, 37–52. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003235828-10.

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Huntley, Brian John. "Ecosystem Processes and Dynamics in Mesic Savannas." In Ecology of Angola, 215–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18923-4_10.

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AbstractAn introduction is presented to systems ecology, through models of the pathways, pools and fluxes of materials in terrestrial ecosystems, and the role of feedback mechanisms, and of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Food chains, food webs and trophic levels provide structure to ecosystem processes. The importance of the C4 photosynthetic pathway of the tropical grasses that dominate mesic and arid savanna biomes is emphasised. Details of the production, consumption and decomposition processes revealed in studies of mesic savanna in southern, central and western Africa illustrate the dynamics of carbon through terrestrial ecosystems. At landscape scale, the dynamics of the savanna/forest interface, that characterise much of northern Angola, is discussed in terms of tree-grass interactions and the existence of alternative stable states determined by fire.

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Wognum, Nel, and Harry Bremmers. "Environmental Transparency of Food Supply Chains - Current Status and Challenges." In Global Perspective for Competitive Enterprise, Economy and Ecology, 645–52. London: Springer London, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-762-2_61.

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Rees, Paul A. "Environmental pollution and perturbations." In Key questions in applied ecology and conservation: a study and revision guide, 19–35. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248494.0019.

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Rafiq, Muhammad Asim, Kiran Jameel, and Saifullah. "Environmental Degradation and Sustainability Food Production and Waste Valorization: A Value Chain Analysis in Pakistan." In Industrial Ecology, 87–111. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4760-4_5.

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Corsolini, S., and S. Focardi. "Bioconcentration of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Pelagic Food Chain of the Ross Sea." In Ross Sea Ecology, 575–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59607-0_42.

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Strong, D. R. "Food Chains and Food Webs." In Encyclopedia of Ecology, 1627–36. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008045405-4.00497-3.

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"Food Chains and Food Web Modules." In Encyclopedia of Theoretical Ecology, 288–94. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520951785-055.

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Conference papers on the topic "Food chains (Ecology)"

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Turnea, Marius, Calin Corciova, Mihai Ilea, and Mariana Rotariu. "THE MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE MICROBIAL GROWTH PROCESS." In eLSE 2019. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-19-184.

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The models of microbial system have a history that includes research in various fields of evolution, ecology and more recently optimization algorithms (we refer there especially the mimetic bacterial growth algorithm). The growth of bacteria population in bioreactors is made often using mathematical models as premises for optimization and control. Food webs and microbial food chains are subject of models by differential equations. The tool propose to use the most common representation of the microbial systems, a two layered mechanism as a cascade of two biological reaction where one substrate is the subject of consumer by one microorganism that serves a limiter substrate for the second microorganism. The system modeled by system of differential equations call the Matlab solver for numerical solutions. The user has the possibility to use predefined constants, user-defined constants or optimized ones for stability analysis. A second module that are implemented in the main program deals with more recent approach, the three-layered 'food-web', where a third organism is added to model. The model can test the influence of growth organisms as interaction between multiple species. The user has the possibility to create the system of equation using a Constructor Builder. The parser from this module will translate the text-code in an .m file callable from Matlab as system used be ODE solver. The visualization module display in a GUI (Graphic User Interface) the result of simulation. The tool is useful for understanding and prediction of microbial colony growth but also offer a perspective for future development of additional modules for microbial ecology.

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ATKOCIUNIENĖ, Vilma, Alvydas ALEKSANDRAVIČIUS, and Romualdas ZEMECKIS. "Public Policy Impact on Prosperity and Resilience of Farms and Agricultural Companies: Lithuanian Case Study." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.128.

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The CAP support is mostly focused on the technological modernization of farms, linked with production intensification, and weakly focused on the farms prosperity and resilience. As a result farmers and managers of agricultural companies are only a slightly motivated to produce added value and high quality food products, to use short food supply chains addressing constantly changing consumer needs, or to pay much attention on issues related to climate change. The paper findings are based on the Lithuanian case study carried out as a part of the international research project “Rethinking the links between farm modernization, rural development and resilience in a world of increasing demands and finite resources” (RETHINK). The Lithuanian case study was determining farmers’ behaviour and causal factors in decision-making. The research based on the positive research paradigm, case study, content and descriptive analysis, empirical study methods (answers of two groups of experts experts-professionals and experts-farmers), logical and systematical reasoning, graphic presentation, abstracts and other methods. The present paper is examining the impact of political factors on prosperity and resilience on farms and agricultural companies. The political factors have the highest impact for prosperity of the farms and agricultural companies in Lithuania (as compared to the technical – entrepreneurial, ethical - social factors, and intangible values). The support from the EU and the national funds is not fully in line with the current concept of farms’ modernization and agricultural innovation. The public policy influence on the competitiveness of the agricultural sector is more strengthening than weakening. The results show the main elements that farmers believe should be included in the new concept of rural prosperity, as well as the main strategies adopted to reach prosperity divided into the five sub dimensions: development of the rural social infrastructure and implementation of information technologies; strong self-governance, social awareness and partnership; high culture of life and communication; rural employment and job creation in rural areas, population welfare; economic and social viability, ecology and environmental security of the countryside.

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Zvirbule-Berzina, Andra. "FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN: THE ASPECTS OF LOGISTICS AND PACKAGING." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS, EDUCATION AND LEGISLATION. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b53/s21.024.

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Minvielle, B., C. Magras, M. Laroche, M. H. Desmonts, and C. Mircovich. "Campylobacter in the Pork Food Chain : a quantitative hazard analysis." In First International Symposium on the Ecology of Salmonella in Pork Production. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-80.

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Jiaolong Gong, Chun Wang, Xiangshuo Li, and Ning Hua. "Notice of Retraction: Improved ecology evolutionary algorithm of food chain and its application in transmission network expansion planning." In 2010 3rd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (ICCSIT 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsit.2010.5564617.

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Barker, Alexandra. "Crisicity: Cyborg Infrastructure in the Anthropocene." In 2021 ACSA Teachers Conference. ACSA Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.teach.2021.25.

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In the Anthropocene thesis, nature is partly a human creation. Human activity has affected all ecologic, geologic and bio-logical systems, eroding the boundary between human and non-human life and between nature and culture, producing catastrophic impacts on the Earth that have brought us to a point of climate crisis. As recent texts have argued, the current social and health crises are direct resultants of human actions dating back to the time of Western colonization. “[T]he familiar contrast between people and the natural world no longer holds. There is no more nature that stands apart from human beings. There is no place or living thing that we haven’t changed.”1 Human pollution of the global ecosystem has produced the climate crisis. As the pandemic of COVID-19 continues to show, the health of people, animals, ecosystems and the environment are intimately linked.2 The health crisis has also exposed weaknesses in our global supply chain network for consumer goods and accelerating conditions of food and energy insecurity. As city migration continues on its current trajectory, urban areas will face ever increasing demands for food and energy supplies.3 The separation of urban centers from their food sources threatens food security, produces pollution, and compromises healthy food supply by the need for preservatives to maintain freshness during transit. Localizing food and fuel production and storage for easy distribution is a key approach to addressing these issues, and indoor vertical farming and biofuel production is quickly gaining traction in urban centers like New York City. Water-based growing techniques like aquaculture, hydroponics and aquaponics can be grown in compact interior spaces without access to natural light, which is ideal for dense urban environments.

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Barker, Alexandra. "Crisiscity: Cyborg Infrastructure in the Anthropocene." In 109th ACSA Annual Meeting. ACSA Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.109.18.

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In the Anthropocene thesis, nature is partly a human creation. Human activity has affected all ecologic, geologic and biological systems, eroding the boundary between human and non-human life and between nature and culture, producing catastrophic impacts on the Earth that have brought us to a point of climate crisis. As recent texts have argued, the cur¬rent social and health crises are direct resultants of human actions dating back to the time of Western colonization. Human pollution of the global ecosystem has produced the climate crisis. As the pandemic of COVID-19 continues to show, the health of people, animals, ecosystems and the environment are intimately linked. The health crisis has also exposed weaknesses in our global supply chain network for consumer goods. Localizing food and fuel production and storage for easy distribution is a key approach to addressing issues of food and energy insecurity in this context. This graduate architecture studio project proposes additions to and reuse of existing urban infrastructure to locally situate small-scale food and energy production and storage facilities squarely within the dense urban fabric of major metropolitan areas as a retrofit embedded inside existing building fabric within the public realm. Seafood aquaculture, aquaponics, hydroponics, and algae farming processes produce high yields in relatively compact environments without the necessary access to light and space that typical crops require. Oyster aquaculture can produce food as well as seed for filtering oyster beds that are critical for the cleansing of polluted waterways. These programs also provide a source of jobs locally accessible to urban communities. Our test site for this project is a speculative mixed-use addition and alteration to abandoned industrial buildings in Brooklyn’s industrial waterfronts of Red Hook and Sunset Park proposing light manufacturing in combination with public programs. Anamorphic projection techniques in the design process produce specific orientations toward both human and non-human occupants.

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