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Journal articles on the topic 'Food Fermentation'
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1
SKOVGAARD, N. "Food fermentation." International Journal of Food Microbiology 109, no. 1-2 (May 25, 2006): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.12.001.
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Capozzi, Vittorio, Mariagiovanna Fragasso, and Pasquale Russo. "Microbiological Safety and the Management of Microbial Resources in Artisanal Foods and Beverages: The Need for a Transdisciplinary Assessment to Conciliate Actual Trends and Risks Avoidance." Microorganisms 8, no. 2 (February 22, 2020): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020306.
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Current social and environmental trends explain the rising popularity of artisanal fermented foods and beverages. In contrast with their marketing success, several studies underline a lack of regulations necessary to claim differences occurred from the farm to the fork and to certify high quality and safety standards. Microbial-based fermentative processes represent the crucial phase in the production of fermented foods and beverages. Nevertheless, what are the effects of the application of the “artisanal” category to the management of food fermentations? This opinion paper is built up on this issue by analyzing microbial aspects, instances of innovation, safety issues, and possible solutions. Evidence indicates: (i) a global curiosity to exploit food fermentations as drivers of innovation in artisanal contexts and (ii) an increasing interest of the artisanal producers into management of fermentation that relies on native microbial consortia. Unfortunately, this kind of revamp of “artisanal food microbiology,” rather than re-establishing artisanal content, can restore the scarce hygienic conditions that characterized underdeveloped food systems. We highlight that in the scientific literature, it is possible to underline existing approaches that, surpassing the dichotomy between relying on spontaneous fermentation and the use of commercial starter cultures, depict a “third way” to conjugate interest in enhancing the artisanal attributes with the need for correct management of microbial-related risks in the final products.
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Alberico, Grazia, Angela Capece, Gianluigi Mauriello, Rocchina Pietrafesa, Gabriella Siesto, Teresa Garde-Cerdán, Diamante Maresca, Raffaele Romano, and Patrizia Romano. "Influence of Microencapsulation on Fermentative Behavior of Hanseniaspora osmophila in Wine Mixed Starter Fermentation." Fermentation 7, no. 3 (July 13, 2021): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030112.
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In recent years, as a consequence of the re-evaluation of the role of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, several studies have been conducted on the use of controlled mixed fermentations with Saccharomyces and different non-Saccharomyces yeast species from the winemaking environment. To benefit from the metabolic particularities of some non-Saccharomyces yeasts, the management of a non-Saccharomyces strain in mixed fermentation is a crucial step, in particular the use of procedures addressed to increase the persistence of non-Saccharomyces strains during the fermentative process. The use of microencapsulation for cell immobilization might represent a strategy for enhancing the competitiveness of non-Saccharomyces yeasts during mixed fermentation. This study was aimed to assess the fermentative performance of a mixed starter culture, composed by a wild Hanseniaspora osmophila strain (ND1) and a commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain (EC1118). For this purpose, free and microencapsulated cells of ND1 strain were tested in co-culture with EC1118 during mixed fermentations in order to evaluate the effect of the microencapsulation on fermentative behavior of mixed starter and final wine composition. The data have shown that H. osmophila cell formulation affects the persistence of both ND1 and EC1118 strains during fermentations and microencapsulation resulted in a suitable system to increase the fermentative efficiency of ND1 strain during mixed starter fermentation.
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Canonico, Laura, Alice Agarbati, Francesca Comitini, and Maurizio Ciani. "Assessment of Spontaneous Fermentation and Non-Saccharomyces Sequential Fermentation in Verdicchio Wine at Winery Scale." Beverages 8, no. 3 (August 19, 2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages8030049.
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The use of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in sequential fermentation is a suitable biotechnological process to provide specific oenological characteristics and to increase the complexity of wines. In this work, selected strains of Lachancea thermotolerans and Starmerella bombicola were used in sequential fermentations with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and compared with spontaneous and pure S. cerevisiae fermentation trials in Verdicchio grape juice. Torulaspora delbrueckii together with the other two non-Saccharomyces strains (L. thermotolerans, S. bombicola) in multi-sequential fermentations was also evaluated. Wines, obtained under winery vinification conditions, were evaluated for their analytical and sensorial profile. The results indicated that each fermentation gave peculiar analytical and aromatic features of the final wine. L. thermotolerans trials are characterized by an increase of total acidity, higher alcohols and monoterpenes as well as citric and herbal notes. S. bombicola trials showed a general significantly high concentration of phenylethyl acetate and hexyl acetate and a softness sensation while multi-sequential fermentations showed a balanced profile. Spontaneous fermentation was characterized by the production of acetate esters (ethyl acetate and isoamyl acetate), citrus and herbal notes, and tannicity. The overall results indicate that multi-starter fermentations could be a promising tool tailored to the desired features of different Verdicchio wine styles.
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Barrón-Álvarez, Nayeli, Lilia Arely Prado-Barragán, María de los Ángeles Fortis-Barrera, and Francisco Javier Alarcon-Aguilar. "Fermentation of the Cucurbita ficifolia Fruit Juice: Its Antioxidant Activity and Effects on the Glycemia." Beverages 8, no. 3 (September 7, 2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages8030055.
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Cucurbita ficifolia is an edible plant whose fruits have hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Fermentation might improve these properties. This research aims to perform and characterize its fermentation in native and induced conditions with Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) and evaluate its antioxidant activity and effect on glycemia. Fresh juice from mature fruits was characterized. One portion of this juice was spontaneously left to ferment (native fermentation), and the other was inoculated with Lp (controlled fermentation). Fermentation was monitored each 8 h by 56 h to measure microbial growth, pH, acidity, sugars, soluble protein, polyphenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and effects on glycemia. In native fermentation, the growth of total microorganisms increased up to 32 h, decreasing at the end of the process. In Lp fermentation, total microorganisms increased until 16 h to stay constant at the end, with a predominance of Lp. The pH and the sugars decreased in the two fermentations, while polyphenol and flavonoid increased. In spontaneous fermentation, these changes were lesser. Both fermentations, like fresh juice, preserve functional properties (antioxidant, alpha-glucosidase inhibition, and hypoglycemia). The fermentation of this juice with Lp may develop functional beverages, which is significant due to its consumption as an edible fruit with medicinal properties.
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Ağagündüz, Duygu, Birsen Yılmaz, Tevfik Koçak, Hilal Betül Altıntaş Başar, João Miguel Rocha, and Fatih Özoğul. "Novel Candidate Microorganisms for Fermentation Technology: From Potential Benefits to Safety Issues." Foods 11, no. 19 (October 4, 2022): 3074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11193074.
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Fermentation is one of the oldest known production processes and the most technologically valuable in terms of the food industry. In recent years, increasing nutrition and health awareness has also changed what is expected from fermentation technology, and the production of healthier foods has started to come a little more forward rather than increasing the shelf life and organoleptic properties of foods. Therefore, in addition to traditional microorganisms, a new generation of (novel) microorganisms has been discovered and research has shifted to this point. Novel microorganisms are known as either newly isolated genera and species from natural sources or bacterial strains derived from existing bacteria. Although novel microorganisms are mostly studied for their use in novel food production in terms of gut-microbiota modulation, recent innovative food research highlights their fermentative effects and usability, especially in food modifications. Herein, Clostridium butyricum, Bacteroides xylanisolvens, Akkermansia muciniphila, Mycobacterium setense manresensis, and Fructophilic lactic acid bacteria (FLAB) can play key roles in future candidate microorganisms for fermentation technology in foods. However, there is also some confusion about the safety issues related to the use of these novel microorganisms. This review paper focuses on certain novel candidate microorganisms for fermentation technology with a deep view of their functions, benefits, and safety issues.
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Hill, Daragh, Ivan Sugrue, Elke Arendt, Colin Hill, Catherine Stanton, and R. Paul Ross. "Recent advances in microbial fermentation for dairy and health." F1000Research 6 (May 26, 2017): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10896.1.
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Microbial fermentation has been used historically for the preservation of foods, the health benefits of which have since come to light. Early dairy fermentations depended on the spontaneous activity of the indigenous microbiota of the milk. Modern fermentations rely on defined starter cultures with desirable characteristics to ensure consistency and commercial viability. The selection of defined starters depends on specific phenotypes that benefit the product by guaranteeing shelf life and ensuring safety, texture, and flavour. Lactic acid bacteria can produce a number of bioactive metabolites during fermentation, such as bacteriocins, biogenic amines, exopolysaccharides, and proteolytically released peptides, among others. Prebiotics are added to food fermentations to improve the performance of probiotics. It has also been found that prebiotics fermented in the gut can have benefits that go beyond helping probiotic growth. Studies are now looking at how the fermentation of prebiotics such as fructo-oligosaccharides can help in the prevention of diseases such as osteoporosis, obesity, and colorectal cancer. The potential to prevent or even treat disease through the fermentation of food is a medically and commercially attractive goal and is showing increasing promise. However, the stringent regulation of probiotics is beginning to detrimentally affect the field and limit their application.
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Mudoor Sooresh, Maanasa, Benjamin P. Willing, and Benjamin C. T. Bourrie. "Opportunities and Challenges of Understanding Community Assembly in Spontaneous Food Fermentation." Foods 12, no. 3 (February 3, 2023): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12030673.
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Spontaneous fermentations that do not rely on backslopping or industrial starter cultures were especially important to the early development of society and are still practiced around the world today. While current literature on spontaneous fermentations is observational and descriptive, it is important to understand the underlying mechanism of microbial community assembly and how this correlates with changes observed in microbial succession, composition, interaction, and metabolite production. Spontaneous food and beverage fermentations are home to autochthonous bacteria and fungi that are naturally inoculated from raw materials, environment, and equipment. This review discusses the factors that play an important role in microbial community assembly, particularly focusing on commonly reported yeasts and bacteria isolated from spontaneously fermenting food and beverages, and how this affects the fermentation dynamics. A wide range of studies have been conducted in spontaneously fermented foods that highlight some of the mechanisms that are involved in microbial interactions, niche adaptation, and lifestyle of these microorganisms. Moreover, we will also highlight how controlled culture experiments provide greater insight into understanding microbial interactions, a modest attempt in decoding the complexity of spontaneous fermentations. Further research using specific in vitro microbial models to understand the role of core microbiota are needed to fill the knowledge gap that currently exists in understanding how the phenotypic and genotypic expression of these microorganisms aid in their successful adaptation and shape fermentation outcomes. Furthermore, there is still a vast opportunity to understand strain level implications on community assembly. Translating these findings will also help in improving other fermentation systems to help gain more control over the fermentation process and maintain consistent and superior product quality.
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Ribeiro, Ana C., Álvaro T. Lemos, Rita P. Lopes, Maria J. Mota, Rita S. Inácio, Ana M. P. Gomes, Sérgio Sousa, Ivonne Delgadillo, and Jorge A. Saraiva. "The Combined Effect of Pressure and Temperature on Kefir Production—A Case Study of Food Fermentation in Unconventional Conditions." Foods 9, no. 8 (August 18, 2020): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9081133.
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Food fermentation under pressure has been studied in recent years as a way to produce foods with novel properties. The purpose of this work was to study kefir production under pressure (7–50 MPa) at different temperatures (17–32 °C), as a case study of unconventional food fermentation. The fermentation time to produce kefir was similar at all temperatures (17, 25, and 32 °C) up to 15 MPa, compared to atmospheric pressure. At 50 MPa, the fermentation rate was slower, but the difference was reduced as temperature increased. During fermentation, lactic and acetic acid concentration increased while citric acid decreased. The positive activation volumes (Va) obtained indicate that pressure decreased the fermentation rate, while the temperature rise led to the attenuation of the pressure effect (lower Va). On the other hand, higher activation energies (Ea) were observed with pressure increase, indicating that fermentation became more sensitive to temperature. The condition that resulted in a faster fermentation, higher titratable acidity, and higher concentration of lactic acid was 15 MPa/32 °C. As the authors are aware, this is the second work in the literature to study the combined effect of pressure and temperature on a fermentative process.
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Yu, Dajun, Joshua O’Hair, Nicholas Poe, Qing Jin, Sophia Pinton, Yanhong He, and Haibo Huang. "Conversion of Food Waste into 2,3-Butanediol via Thermophilic Fermentation: Effects of Carbohydrate Content and Nutrient Supplementation." Foods 11, no. 2 (January 10, 2022): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11020169.
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Fermentation of food waste into 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO), a high-value chemical, is environmentally sustainable and an inexpensive method to recycle waste. Compared to traditional mesophilic fermentation, thermophilic fermentation can inhibit the growth of contaminant bacteria, thereby improving the success of food waste fermentation. However, the effects of sugar and nutrient concentrations in thermophilic food waste fermentations are currently unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of sugar and nutrients (yeast extract (YE) and peptone) concentrations on 2,3-BDO production from fermenting glucose and food waste media using the newly isolated thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis YNP5-TSU. When glucose media was used, fermentation was greatly affected by sugar and nutrient concentrations: excessive glucose (>70 g/L) slowed down the fermentation and low nutrients (2 g/L YE and 1 g/L peptone) caused fermentation failure. However, when food waste media were used with low nutrient addition, the bacteria consumed all 57.8 g/L sugars within 24 h and produced 24.2 g/L 2,3-BDO, equivalent to a fermentation yield of 0.42 g/g. An increase in initial sugar content (72.9 g/L) led to a higher 2,3-BDO titer of 36.7 g/L with a nearly theoretical yield of 0.47 g/g. These findings may provide fundamental knowledge for designing cost-effective food waste fermentation to produce 2,3-BDO.
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Zannini, Emanuele, Kieran M. Lynch, Laura Nyhan, Aylin W. Sahin, Patrick O’ Riordan, Daenen Luk, and Elke K. Arendt. "Influence of Substrate on the Fermentation Characteristics and Culture-Dependent Microbial Composition of Water Kefir." Fermentation 9, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9010028.
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Water kefir is a sparkling fermented beverage produced by fermenting water kefir grains in a sucrose solution containing dried fruits or fruit extracts. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of substrate composition on the fermentation kinetics and culture-dependent microbial composition of water kefir. First, the impact of different fruit substrates and nitrogen limitation was examined. Fermentation of different fruit-based media with a single water kefir culture demonstrated that the substrate mainly influenced the type and ratio of the organic acids produced. These organic acid profiles could be linked to the culture-dependent microbial composition. In addition, the microbial composition and the associated dominant microorganisms observed were influenced by the water kefir fermentation conditions. Investigation of the effect of nitrogen limitation on the fermentation kinetics of several water kefir cultures showed that under such conditions, the fermentative capacity of the cultures declined. However, this decline was not immediate, and specific water kefir microorganisms may have enabled some cultures to maintain a higher fermentative capacity for longer. Thus, the water kefir fermentation kinetics and characteristics could be linked to the substrate composition, microorganisms present, and the process conditions under which the fermentations were performed.
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Hasan, M. N., M. Z. Sultan, and M. Mar-E-Um. "Significance of Fermented Food in Nutrition and Food Science." Journal of Scientific Research 6, no. 2 (April 25, 2014): 373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.16530.
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Fermenting foods can make poorly digested, reactive foods into health giving foods. The process of fermentation destroys many of the harmful microorganisms and chemicals in foods and adds beneficial bacteria. These bacteria produce new enzymes to assist in the digestion. Foods that benefit from fermentation are soy products, dairy products, grains, and some vegetables. The beneficial effect of fermented food which contains probiotic organism consumption includes: improving intestinal tract health, enhancing the immune system, synthesizing and enhancing the bioavailability of nutrients, reducing symptoms of lactose intolerance, decreasing the prevalence of allergy in susceptible individuals, and reducing risk of certain cancers. This article provides an overview of the different starter cultures and health benefits of fermented food products, which can be derived by the consumers through their regular intake.Keywords: Fermentation; Fermented food; Starter cultures; Probiotics; Nutritional benefits.© 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.16530 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 373-386 (2014)
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Lyons, Sarah M., Sydney C. Morgan, Stephanie McCann, Samantha Sanderson, Brianne L. Newman, Tommaso Liccioli Watson, Vladimir Jiranek, Daniel M. Durall, and Wesley F. Zandberg. "Unique volatile chemical profiles produced by indigenous and commercial strains of Saccharomyces uvarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae during laboratory-scale Chardonnay fermentations." OENO One 55, no. 3 (July 27, 2021): 101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.3.4551.
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Each wine growing region hosts unique communities of indigenous yeast species, which may enter fermentation and contribute to the final flavour profile of wines. One of these species, Saccharomyces uvarum, is typically described as a cryotolerant yeast that produces relatively high levels of glycerol and rose-scented volatile compounds as compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the main yeast in winemaking. Comparisons of fermentative and chemical properties between S. uvarum and S. cerevisiae at the species level are relatively common; however, a paucity of information has been collected on the potential variability present among S. uvarum strains. The objective of this study was to compare the fermentation kinetics and production of volatile compounds between indigenous and commercial Saccharomyces strains at different temperatures. We compared laboratory-scale fermentation of Chardonnay juice at 15 °C and 25 °C for 11 Saccharomyces yeast strains (six indigenous S. uvarum, one commercial S. uvarum, one indigenous S. cerevisiae and three commercial S. cerevisiae). Fermentation kinetics and the production of volatile compounds known to affect the organoleptic properties of wine were determined. The indigenous S. uvarum strains showed comparable kinetics to commercially sourced strains at both temperatures. Volatile compound production among the strains was more variable at 15 °C and resulted in unique chemical profiles at 15 °C as compared with 25 °C. Indigenous S. uvarum strains produced relatively high levels of 2-phenylethyl acetate and 2-phenylethanol, whereas these compounds were found at much lower levels in fermentations conducted by commercial strains of both S. cerevisiae and S. uvarum. Production of glycerol by indigenous S. uvarum strains did not differ from commercial strains in this study. Our findings demonstrate that indigenous strains of S. uvarum show functional variation among themselves. However, when compared with commercial S. cerevisiae and S. uvarum strains, they have comparable fermentation kinetics but unique volatile compound profiles, especially at low fermentation temperatures.
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Bokulich, Nicholas A., Moe Ohta, Morgan Lee, and David A. Mills. "Indigenous Bacteria and Fungi Drive Traditional Kimoto Sake Fermentations." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 17 (June 27, 2014): 5522–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00663-14.
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ABSTRACTSake (Japanese rice wine) production is a complex, multistage process in which fermentation is performed by a succession of mixed fungi and bacteria. This study employed high-throughput rRNA marker gene sequencing, quantitative PCR, and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism to characterize the bacterial and fungal communities of spontaneous sake production from koji to product as well as brewery equipment surfaces. Results demonstrate a dynamic microbial succession, with koji and early moto fermentations dominated byBacillus,Staphylococcus, andAspergillus flavusvar. oryzae, succeeded byLactobacillusspp. andSaccharomyces cerevisiaelater in the fermentations. The microbiota driving these fermentations were also prevalent in the production environment, illustrating the reservoirs and routes for microbial contact in this traditional food fermentation. Interrogating the microbial consortia of production environments in parallel with food products is a valuable approach for understanding the complete ecology of food production systems and can be applied to any food system, leading to enlightened perspectives for process control and food safety.
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Wuyts, Sander, Wannes Van Beeck, Eline F. M. Oerlemans, Stijn Wittouck, Ingmar J. J. Claes, Ilke De Boeck, Stefan Weckx, Bart Lievens, Luc De Vuyst, and Sarah Lebeer. "Carrot Juice Fermentations as Man-Made Microbial Ecosystems Dominated by Lactic Acid Bacteria." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 84, no. 12 (April 13, 2018): e00134-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00134-18.
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ABSTRACTSpontaneous vegetable fermentations, with their rich flavors and postulated health benefits, are regaining popularity. However, their microbiology is still poorly understood, therefore raising concerns about food safety. In addition, such spontaneous fermentations form interesting cases of man-made microbial ecosystems. Here, samples from 38 carrot juice fermentations were collected through a citizen science initiative, in addition to three laboratory fermentations. Culturing showed thatEnterobacteriaceaewere outcompeted by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) between 3 and 13 days of fermentation. Metabolite-target analysis showed that lactic acid and mannitol were highly produced, as well as the biogenic amine cadaverine. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that mainly species ofLeuconostocandLactobacillus(as identified by 8 and 20 amplicon sequence variants [ASVs], respectively) mediated the fermentations in subsequent order. The analyses at the DNA level still detected a high number ofEnterobacteriaceae, but their relative abundance was low when RNA-based sequencing was performed to detect presumptive metabolically active bacterial cells. In addition, this method greatly reduced host read contamination. Phylogenetic placement indicated a high LAB diversity, with ASVs from nine different phylogenetic groups of theLactobacillusgenus complex. However, fermentation experiments with isolates showed that only strains belonging to the most prevalent phylogenetic groups preserved the fermentation dynamics. The carrot juice fermentation thus forms a robust man-made microbial ecosystem suitable for studies on LAB diversity and niche specificity.IMPORTANCEThe usage of fermented food products by professional chefs is steadily growing worldwide. Meanwhile, this interest has also increased at the household level. However, many of these artisanal food products remain understudied. Here, an extensive microbial analysis was performed of spontaneous fermented carrot juices which are used as nonalcoholic alternatives for wine in a Belgian Michelin star restaurant. Samples were collected through an active citizen science approach with 38 participants, in addition to three laboratory fermentations. Identification of the main microbial players revealed that mainly species ofLeuconostocandLactobacillusmediated the fermentations in subsequent order. In addition, a high diversity of lactic acid bacteria was found; however, fermentation experiments with isolates showed that only strains belonging to the most prevalent lactic acid bacteria preserved the fermentation dynamics. Finally, this study showed that the usage of RNA-based 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing greatly reduces host read contamination.
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Niyomvong, Nanthavut, Rachcha Sritawan, Jureeporn Keabpimai, Chanaporn Trakunjae, and Antika Boondaeng. "Comparison of the Chemical Properties of Vinegar Obtained via One-Step Fermentation and Sequential Fermentation from Dragon Fruit and Pineapple." Beverages 8, no. 4 (November 21, 2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages8040074.
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Dragon fruit has many potential health benefits. It is inexpensive and widely cultivated in Thailand. The addition of dragon fruit to pineapple vinegar may help enhance the total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. This study aimed to study and compare the chemical characteristics of vinegar produced via one-step fermentation of a mixture of pineapple and dragon fruit juice from Krok Phra District of Thailand using Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. burgundy with that obtained using sequential fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. burgundy and Acetobacter aceti. When the two fermentation methods were compared on day 20, the maximum acetic acid concentration obtained from sequential fermentation was 5.79 ± 0.25%, which was higher than that obtained in one-step fermentation (1.93%). The total phenolic compound content in the mixed fruit vinegar obtained from sequential fermentation and one-step fermentation was 228.01 and 242.2 mg/L gallic acid equivalents, respectively. The antioxidant content of the products obtained in sequential and one-step fermentations was 187.91 mg/L GAE and 209.33 µg/g of Trolox equivalents, respectively, which was consistent with the total phenolic compound content. This indicated that the acetic acid content in the mixed pineapple and dragon fruit juice vinegar obtained using sequential fermentation was higher than that obtained using one-step fermentation although its total phenolic content and the antioxidant activities were slightly lower. These observations will be useful for improving vinegar fermentation in the area.
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Litti, Yuriy V., Elena A. Zhuravleva, Andrey A. Kovalev, Dmitriy A. Kovalev, Inna V. Katraeva, and Sofiya N. Parshina. "Biohydrogen production from food processing wastewater by a newly isolated thermophilic bacterium." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 938, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/938/1/012017.
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Abstract The aim of this work was a comparative study of biohydrogen production from cheese whey and confectionary wastewater by a newly isolated thermophilic microbial strain Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum SP-H2. Experimental results showed that the fermentative hydrogen was successfully produced with the highest hydrogen yield of 3.9 mL H2/mL cheese whey or 80 mL H2/g chemical oxygen demand. The profile of soluble metabolite products showed that hydrogen generation by a new isolate was mainly acetate-type fermentation in the case of confectionary wastewater and mixed ethanol-acetate-lactate type fermentation in the case of cheese whey. The more optimal metabolic pathway of confectionary wastewater fermentation was confirmed by the better kinetic characteristics according to the Gompertz model.
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Hey, Maya. "Against healthist fermentation." Critical Dietetics 5, no. 1 (May 14, 2020): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32920/cd.v5i1.1334.
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Despite its history, fermentation is currently celebrated as both a food and health intervention. In the context of healthist discourses, fermentation is no exception to the sticky reaches of singular food truths: eat this, not that, because “it’s good for you[r gut].” However, the mandate to eat fermented or probiotic foods requires time, know-how, and material resources that are not accessible to all who eat. This framing of fermentation also fails to account for the multiplicity of health needs and ignores other barriers to food/health access. By privileging self-reliance (e.g. “I don’t buy bread; I bake my own”) and control (over one’s body, over microbial life), fermentation practices enable a culinary stance of moral superiority, which reinforce a healthist paradigm that it claims to subvert. This paper examines healthist fermentation, or pursuing fermentation in the name of gut health, to problematize assumptions about choice and control in fermentation contexts. It argues that health is not a fixed state but rather enacted with more-than-human agencies and (re)negotiated at every eating event. Using a combination of approaches from critical food studies, feminist theories, and communication studies, this paper analyzes fermentation as a way to reimagine health as being co-constructed with other scales of life.
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Champagne, Claude. "Starter cultures biotechnology: The production of concentrated lactic cultures in alginate beads and their applications in the nutraceutical and food industries." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 12, no. 1 (2006): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq0601011c.
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Lactic cultures are widely used in food fermentations and as probiotic supplements. Some strains are damaged by the various steps of fermentation concentration and drying involved in the biotechnology process. Growing cells in alginate beads instead of free cells in a culture medium can answer some of these problems. In this review, the characteristics of the fermentation process based on growing microentrapped (ME) lactic cultures in alginate beads are presented. Potential benefits to nutraceutical and food industries of ME cultures are also presented.
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PAIK, HYUN-DONG, and BONITA A. GLATZ. "Enhanced Bacteriocin Production by Propionibacterium thoenii in Fed-Batch Fermentation‡." Journal of Food Protection 60, no. 12 (December 1, 1997): 1529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-60.12.1529.
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Synthesis of the bacteriocin propionicin PLG-1 as well as culture growth and organic acid production by Propionibacterium thaenii P127 were followed in fed-batch fermentations conducted for 504 h in a sodium lactate broth. Average concentrations of viable cells were higher in two small-scale fed-batch fermentations than in batch fermentations: 2.2 × 109 cells per ml versus 3.7 × 108 cells per ml. Propionic acid concentration averaged 35.8 g/liter at the end of fed-batch fementation, and maximum bacteriocin titers were 184 and 146 AU/ml in the two fed-batch fermentations. After reaching the maximum value, bacteriocin activity dropped sharply upon continued incubation. Large quantities of propionicin PLG-I could be obtained in large-scale fed-batch fermentation, but the concentration (100 AU/ml) was lower than in the small-scale fermentations. Fed-batch fermentation shows promise as a method to obtain high concentrations of bacteriocin from the propionibacteria.
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Meena, Parthiban, Arunchalam Manimekalan, and Obebo Meshack Moranga. "Food fuel and fermentation products." Indian Journal of Microbiology Research 9, no. 3 (October 15, 2022): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmr.2022.030.
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Earth is surrounded by 97% water; Human body is made of 90% water and that depicts the importance of water to humans and biosphere. Water nourishes, nurtures and sustains all forms of life. Likewise, every domestic and industrial activity of humans is filled with 90% of fermentation products. Even without our knowledge fermentation products are in every walks of humanity. This study aims at recalling fermentation products in the past as well as present day advances in fermentation industry and importance of these products in health care, food, agriculture, power generation, economy, etc.
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Hovorukha, Vira, Olesia Havryliuk, Galina Gladka, Oleksandr Tashyrev, Antonina Kalinichenko, Monika Sporek, and Agnieszka Dołhańczuk-Śródka. "Hydrogen Dark Fermentation for Degradation of Solid and Liquid Food Waste." Energies 14, no. 7 (March 25, 2021): 1831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071831.
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The constant increase in the amount of food waste accumulating in landfills and discharged into the water reservoirs causes environment pollution and threatens human health. Solid and liquid food wastes include fruit, vegetable, and meat residues, alcohol bard, and sewage from various food enterprises. These products contain high concentrations of biodegradable organic compounds and represent an inexpensive and renewable substrate for the hydrogen fermentation. The goal of the work was to study the efficiency of hydrogen obtaining and decomposition of solid and liquid food waste via fermentation by granular microbial preparation (GMP). The application of GMP improved the efficiency of the dark fermentation of food waste. Hydrogen yields reached 102 L/kg of solid waste and 2.3 L/L of liquid waste. The fermentation resulted in the 91-fold reduction in the weight of the solid waste, while the concentration of organics in the liquid waste decreased 3-fold. Our results demonstrated the potential of granular microbial preparations in the production of hydrogen via dark fermentation. Further development of this technology may help to clean up the environment and reduce the reliance on fossil fuels by generating green hydrogen via recycling of household and industrial organic wastes.
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Mengesha, Yizengaw, Alemu Tebeje, and Belay Tilahun. "A Review on Factors Influencing the Fermentation Process of Teff (Eragrostis teff) and Other Cereal-Based Ethiopian Injera." International Journal of Food Science 2022 (March 24, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4419955.
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Fermented foods and beverages are the product of the enzymaticcally transformed food components which are acived by different microorganisms. Fermented foods have grown in popularity in recent years because of their alleged health benefits. Biogenic amines, bioactive peptides, antinutrient reduction, and polyphenol conversion to physiologically active chemicals are all possible health benefits of fermentation process products. In Ethiopian-fermented foods, which are mostly processed using spontaneous fermentation process. Injera is one of the fermented food products consumed in all corners of the country which sourdough fermentation could be achieved using different LAB and yeast strains. Moreover, the kind and concentration of the substrate and the type of microbial flora, as well as temperature, air supply, and pH, all influence the fermentation process of injera. This review article gives an overview of factors influencing the fermentation process of teff ('Eragrostis tef.') and other cereal-based Ethiopian injera.
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García Méndez, Martha Gabriela, Thelma Karina Morales Martínez, Juan Alberto Ascacio Valdés, Mónica Lizeth Chávez González, Adriana Carolina Flores Gallegos, and Leonardo Sepúlveda. "Application of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Fermentation Processes to Obtain Tannases Using Agro-Industrial Wastes." Fermentation 7, no. 2 (March 29, 2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7020048.
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Bacteria have been used in the food industry to produce flavors, dyes, thickeners, and to increase food value, because bacterial fermentations favor the obtention of different metabolites such as tannins and different nutritional compounds in food. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was one the first species to be studied for industrial purposes, and its efficacy to obtaining tannins using fermentation processes. Bacterial fermentation helps to obtain a product with an added value of better quality and without the need to use strong solvents that can reduce their quality and safety. To release tannins, it is necessary to subject the substrate to different conditions to activate the enzyme tannin acyl hydrolase (tannase). The tannase-released compounds can have beneficial effects on health such as antioxidant, anticancer and cardioprotective properties, among others. Therefore, this review analyzes tannase release and other metabolites by fermentation processes.
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Sarkar, Prabir Kumar. "Can household-level fermentation technology assure food safety?" NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 1, no. 1 (2007): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2007.v01i01.005.
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The term 'fermented food" is defined as any food that has been subjected to the action of microorganisms or enzymes so that desirable biochemical changes cause significant modification of the food. Fermented foods enjoy worldwide popularity as attractive, wholesome and nutritious components of our diet. In the past, household-level fermentation technology originated and evolved through trial and error experiences gathered by successive generations of food producers. Only relatively recently have science and technology started to a better understanding of the underlying principles of the fermentation processes and of the essential requirements to ensure nutritional and sensory qualities as well as safety of fermented foods.
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Sindhu, Sangeeta C., and Neelam Khetarpaul. "Effect of Probiotic Fermentation on Antinutrients and In Vitro Protein and Starch Digestibilities of Indigenously Developed RWGT Food Mixture." Nutrition and Health 16, no. 3 (July 2002): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010600201600303.
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Indigenously developed RWGT food mixture which contained rice flour, whey, sprouted green gram paste and tomato pulp (2∶1∶1∶1 w/w) was autoclaved 1.5 kg/cm2, 15 min, 121°C), cooled and fermented with 2% liquid culture (containing 106 cells/ml broth). Two types of fermentations were carried out i.e. single culture fermentation [ L. casei, L. plantarum (37°C, 24 hr.)] and sequential culture fermentation [ S. boulardii (25°C, 24 hr.) + L. casei (37°C, 24 hr.)]; S. boulardii [(25°C, 24 hr.) + L. plantarum (37°C, 24 hr.)]. All the fermentations drastically reduced the contents of phytic acid, polyphenols and trypsin inhibitor activity while significantly improving the in vitro digestibilities of starch and protein. Sequential culture fermentations brought about higher changes as compared to single culture fermentations.
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Dahiya, Divakar, and Poonam Singh Nigam. "Use of Characterized Microorganisms in Fermentation of Non-Dairy-Based Substrates to Produce Probiotic Food for Gut-Health and Nutrition." Fermentation 9, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9010001.
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Most fermented foods are dairy-based products; however, foods prepared using non-dairy-based materials such as grains, cereals, vegetables, and fruits can meet the dietary requirements of consumers following different food practices, including vegans and consumers that have dietary issues with dairy-based products. Traditional food fermentations have been conducted by the functioning of bacterial and yeast cultures using the inoculum of uncharacterized microorganisms isolated from naturally fermenting foods. However, pure viable strains of microorganisms characterized as probiotic cultures have the potential for their application in the fermentation process. Such fermented foods can be labeled as probiotic products, displaying the names of strains and their viable number contained in the portion size of that specific product. The significance of the development of probiotic functional food is that they can be used as a source of nutrition; in addition, their consumption helps in the recovery of healthy gut microbiota. In a fermented food, two components—the fermented substrate and the microorganism(s)—are in a synergistic relationship and contribute to healthy gut microbiota. The intake of probiotic foods for sustainability of a healthy gut can manipulate the functioning of gut–brain axis. The aim of this article is to present a review of published research conducted with specific strains characterized as probiotics, which have been studied to perform the fermentation growing on the matrices of non-dairy-based substrates.
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Lindner, Juliano De Dea, and Valentina Bernini. "New Insights into Food Fermentation." Foods 11, no. 3 (January 21, 2022): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11030283.
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ASAMI, Tsuyoshi. "Fermentation processing of food waste." Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering 23, no. 4 (1994): 244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5956/jriet.23.244.
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Janosz Rajczyk, M. "Fermentation of food industry wastewater." Water Research 27, no. 7 (July 1993): 1257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(93)90019-e.
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Cappai, Giovanna, Giorgia De Gioannis, Aldo Muntoni, Daniela Spiga, Maria Rosaria Boni, Alessandra Polettini, Raffaella Pomi, and Andreina Rossi. "Biohydrogen Production from Food Waste: Influence of the Inoculum-To-Substrate Ratio." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (November 29, 2018): 4506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124506.
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In this study, the influence of the inoculum-to-substrate ratio (ISR) on dark fermentative hydrogen production from food waste (FW) was evaluated. ISR values ranging from 0.05 to 0.25 g VSinoculum/g VSsubstrate were investigated by performing batch tests at T = 39 °C and pH = 6.5, the latter being the optimal value identified based on a previous study. The ISR was found to affect the fermentation process, clearly showing that an adequate ISR is essential in order to optimise the process kinetics and the H2 yield. An ISR of 0.14 proved to optimum, leading to a maximum H2 yield of 88.8 L H2/kg VSFW and a maximum production rate of 10.8 L H2/kg VSFW∙h. The analysis of the fermentation products indicated that the observed highest H2 production mostly derived from the typical acetate/butyrate-type fermentation.
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Miller, Konrad V., Even Arefaine, Ardic Arikal, Annegret Cantu, Raul Cauduro Girardello, Anita Oberholster, Hildegarde Heymann, and David E. Block. "Development and Analysis of an Intensified Batch-Fed Wine Fermentation Process." Fermentation 8, no. 6 (June 7, 2022): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8060268.
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White wine fermentations are typically performed in an entirely batchwise manner, with yeast nutrients only added at the beginning of fermentation. This leads to slow (2+ weeks) fermentation cycle times, with large capital expenditures required to increase winery processing capacity. Prior attempts to speed fermentations via increasing temperature have resulted in unpalatable wine, and continuous fermentation processing is uneconomical and impractical in the winery setting. In this work, we measured yeast nutrient consumption as a function of fermentation progression at the 300 mL scale, and from this derived an equation to optimize yeast nutrient concentration as a function of fermentation progression. These findings were applied at the pilot scale in 150 L fermentors, which resulted in a 60% cycle time reduction versus “best practices” control fermentations. The resultant wines were compared via GC-MS as well as by a trained sensory panel. Organoleptic analysis found statistically significant, but overall, small differences in sensory characteristics between the control and process intensified wines. This intensified fermentation process shows great promise for fermented beverage producers wishing to maximize equipment utilization and debottleneck wineries or other beverage fermentation facilities.
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Tsygankov, Sergii, Olena Grek, Olena Krasulya, Olena Onopriichuk, Larisa Chubenko, Oleksandr Savchenko, Olha Snizhko, and Оlena Ochkolyas. "METHODS OF DETERMINATION OF PARAMETERS OF WHEY WITH FOOD FIBERS." EUREKA: Life Sciences 1 (January 30, 2018): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2018.00534.
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The article presents fixation methods of parameters of whey with food fibers for fermentation with lacto-fermentative Zygosaccharomyces lactis 868-K yeast for getting a non-alcoholic fermented beverage. As a result of the analysis of conditions of preparation and introduction of food fibers – apple pectin in cellulose and orange Citri-Fi into whey, there were determined optimal parameters of the process of increasing viscosity of whey-vegetable mixtures. The method of IR-spectroscopy fixed the influence of different forms of bonds of food fibers’ moisture in mixtures with water and whey. There was revealed the continuous absorption of moisture of spectrums of samples with food fibers and apple pectin in cellulose in strips of 2668 and 2723 cm-1, that testifies to the presence of strong hydrogenous bonds and high concentration of a mobile proton and, as a result, the high sorption ability to water. There were offered methods and gotten results of the analysis of the carbon dioxide content, amount of formed ethyl alcohol and yeast cells, allowing to determine rational conditions of fermentation of whey-vegetable wort of the increased viscosity. At fermentation using Zygosaccharomyces lactis 868-K race, the most intensive increment of yeast cells was observed before 30 hours of fermentation. There was established the rational temperature of fermentation of whey-vegetable wort with the increased viscosity– 30...32 °С, at which the maximal accumulation of yeast cells - 70,5...71,2 мmln/cm3 and ethyl alcohol 0,69...1,02 % was observed. The presented information was enough for grounding parameters of technological stages of whey fermented beverages with the high viscosity.
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Vrancken, Gino, Tom Rimaux, Stefan Weckx, Frédéric Leroy, and Luc De Vuyst. "Influence of Temperature and Backslopping Time on the Microbiota of a Type I Propagated Laboratory Wheat Sourdough Fermentation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 8 (February 18, 2011): 2716–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02470-10.
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ABSTRACTSourdough fermentation is a cereal fermentation that is characterized by the formation of stable yeast/lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associations. It is a unique process among food fermentations in that the LAB that mostly dominate these fermentations are heterofermentative. In the present study, four wheat sourdough fermentations were carried out under different conditions of temperature and backslopping time to determine their effect on the composition of the microbiota of the final sourdoughs. A substantial effect of temperature was observed. A fermentation with 10 backsloppings (once every 24 h) at 23°C resulted in a microbiota composed ofLeuconostoc citreumas the dominant species, whereas fermentations at 30 and 37°C with backslopping every 24 h resulted in ecosystems dominated byLactobacillus fermentum. Longer backslopping times (every 48 h at 30°C) resulted in a combination ofLactobacillus fermentumandLactobacillus plantarum. Residual maltose remained present in all fermentations, except those with longer backslopping times, and ornithine was found in almost all fermentations, indicating enhanced sourdough-typical LAB activity. The sourdough-typical speciesLactobacillus sanfranciscensiswas not found. Finally, a nonflour origin for this species was hypothesized.
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Henderson, Clark M., Michelle Lozada-Contreras, Vladimir Jiranek, Marjorie L. Longo, and David E. Block. "Ethanol Production and Maximum Cell Growth Are Highly Correlated with Membrane Lipid Composition during Fermentation as Determined by Lipidomic Analysis of 22 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, no. 1 (October 12, 2012): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02670-12.
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ABSTRACTOptimizing ethanol yield during fermentation is important for efficient production of fuel alcohol, as well as wine and other alcoholic beverages. However, increasing ethanol concentrations during fermentation can create problems that result in arrested or sluggish sugar-to-ethanol conversion. The fundamental cellular basis for these problem fermentations, however, is not well understood. Small-scale fermentations were performed in a synthetic grape must using 22 industrialSaccharomyces cerevisiaestrains (primarily wine strains) with various degrees of ethanol tolerance to assess the correlation between lipid composition and fermentation kinetic parameters. Lipids were extracted at several fermentation time points representing different growth phases of the yeast to quantitatively analyze phospholipids and ergosterol utilizing atmospheric pressure ionization-mass spectrometry methods. Lipid profiling of individual fermentations indicated that yeast lipid class profiles do not shift dramatically in composition over the course of fermentation. Multivariate statistical analysis of the data was performed using partial least-squares linear regression modeling to correlate lipid composition data with fermentation kinetic data. The results indicate a strong correlation (R2= 0.91) between the overall lipid composition and the final ethanol concentration (wt/wt), an indicator of strain ethanol tolerance. One potential component of ethanol tolerance, the maximum yeast cell concentration, was also found to be a strong function of lipid composition (R2= 0.97). Specifically, strains unable to complete fermentation were associated with high phosphatidylinositol levels early in fermentation. Yeast strains that achieved the highest cell densities and ethanol concentrations were positively correlated with phosphatidylcholine species similar to those known to decrease the perturbing effects of ethanol in model membrane systems.
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Henderson, Clark M., Wade F. Zeno, Larry A. Lerno, Marjorie L. Longo, and David E. Block. "Fermentation Temperature Modulates Phosphatidylethanolamine and Phosphatidylinositol Levels in the Cell Membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, no. 17 (June 28, 2013): 5345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01144-13.
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ABSTRACTDuring alcoholic fermentation,Saccharomyces cerevisiaeis exposed to a host of environmental and physiological stresses. Extremes of fermentation temperature have previously been demonstrated to induce fermentation arrest under growth conditions that would otherwise result in complete sugar utilization at “normal” temperatures and nutrient levels. Fermentations were carried out at 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C in a defined high-sugar medium using threeSaccharomyces cerevisiaestrains with diverse fermentation characteristics. The lipid composition of these strains was analyzed at two fermentation stages, when ethanol levels were low early in stationary phase and in late stationary phase at high ethanol concentrations. Several lipids exhibited dramatic differences in membrane concentration in a temperature-dependent manner. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used as a tool to elucidate correlations between specific lipid species and fermentation temperature for each yeast strain. Fermentations carried out at 35°C exhibited very high concentrations of several phosphatidylinositol species, whereas at 15°C these yeast strains exhibited higher levels of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine species with medium-chain fatty acids. Furthermore, membrane concentrations of ergosterol were highest in the yeast strain that experienced stuck fermentations at all three temperatures. Fluorescence anisotropy measurements of yeast cell membrane fluidity during fermentation were carried out using the lipophilic fluorophore diphenylhexatriene. These measurements demonstrate that the changes in the lipid composition of these yeast strains across the range of fermentation temperatures used in this study did not significantly affect cell membrane fluidity. However, the results from this study indicate that fermentingS. cerevisiaemodulates its membrane lipid composition in a temperature-dependent manner.
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Yue, Xiao Fang, Hong Yuan Sun, Xu Xin Zhao, and Li Qing Zhao. "Research Progress of Food Waste Fermentation for Bio-Hydrogen Production." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.569.
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Hydrogen is a valuable gas as a clean energy source and as feedstock for some industries. Therefore, demand on hydrogen production has increased considerably in recent years. Food waste is an important part of urban living garbage,which is full of organic matter and easy to be degraded. So, biological production of hydrogen gas from food waste fermentation has significant advantages for providing inexpensive and clean energy generation to help meet the needs of carbon emission reduction with simultaneous waste treatment. This article reviews the following aspects: mechanism of fermentative hydrogen production by bacteria, and factors influencing fermentative bio-hydrogen production. In addition,the challenges and prospects of bio- hydrogen production are also reviewed.
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Escott, Carlos, Carmen López, Iris Loira, Carmen González, María Antonia Bañuelos, Wendu Tesfaye, José Antonio Suárez-Lepe, and Antonio Morata. "Improvement of Must Fermentation from Late Harvest cv. Tempranillo Grapes Treated with Pulsed Light." Foods 10, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 1416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061416.
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Pulsed light irradiation is a nonthermal technology currently used for the elimination of pathogens from a diverse range of food products. In the last two decades, the results obtained using PL at laboratory scale are encouraging wine experts to use it in the winemaking industry. PL can reduce native yeast counts significantly, which facilitates the use of starter cultures, reducing SO2 requirements at the same time. In this experimental set up, Tempranillo grapes were subjected to pulsed light treatment, and the fermentative performance of non-Saccharomyces yeasts belonging to the species Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Lachancea thermotolerans, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Hanseniaspora vineae was monitored in sequential fermentations against spontaneous fermentation and pure culture fermentation with the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The experimental analyses comprised the determination of anthocyanin (High performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector—HPLC-DAD), polyphenol index and colour (Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy—UV-Vis spectrophotometer), fermentation-derived volatiles (Gas chromatography with flame ionization detector—GC-FID), oenological parameters (Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy—FT-IR) and structural damage of the skin (atomic force microscopy—AFM). The results showed a decrease of 1.2 log CFU/mL yeast counts after pulsed light treatment and more rapid and controlled fermentation kinetics in musts from treated grapes than in untreated samples. The fermentations done with treated grapes allowed starter cultures to better implant in the must, although a larger anthocyanin loss (up to 93%) and an increase in hue values (1 unit) towards more yellow hues were observed for treated grapes. The development of biomass was larger in musts from treated grapes. The profile of volatile compounds and oenological parameters reveals that fermentations carried out with untreated grapes are prone to deviations from native microbiota (e.g., production of lactic acid). Finally, no severe damage on the skin was observed with the AFM on treated grapes.
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Mills, David A., Eric A. Johannsen, and Luca Cocolin. "Yeast Diversity and Persistence in Botrytis-Affected Wine Fermentations." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 10 (October 2002): 4884–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.10.4884-4893.2002.
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ABSTRACT Culture-dependent and -independent methods were used to examine the yeast diversity present in botrytis-affected (“botrytized”) wine fermentations carried out at high (∼30°C) and ambient (∼20°C) temperatures. Fermentations at both temperatures possessed similar populations of Saccharomyces, Hanseniaspora, Pichia, Metschnikowia, Kluyveromyces, and Candida species. However, higher populations of non-Saccharomyces yeasts persisted in ambient-temperature fermentations, with Candida and, to a lesser extent, Kluyveromyces species remaining long after the fermentation was dominated by Saccharomyces. In general, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of yeast ribosomal DNA or rRNA amplified from the fermentation samples correlated well with the plating data. The direct molecular methods also revealed a Hanseniaspora osmophila population not identified in the plating analysis. rRNA analysis also indicated a large population (>106 cells per ml) of a nonculturable Candida strain in the high-temperature fermentation. Monoculture analysis of the Candida isolate indicated an extreme fructophilic phenotype and correlated with an increased glucose/fructose ratio in fermentations containing higher populations of Candida. Analysis of wine fermentation microbial ecology by using both culture-dependent and -independent methods reveals the complexity of yeast interactions enriched during spontaneous fermentations.
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Mensah, Patience, B. S. Drasan, T. J. Harrison, and A. M. Tomkins. "Fermented Cereal Gruels: Towards a Solution of the Weanling's Dilemma." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 13, no. 1 (March 1991): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659101300133.
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The high incidence of diarrhoeal morbidity a the onset of weaning is due in part to consumption of contaminated food. This paper discusses the possible role of fermentation as a household food preparation technology in the improvement of the microbial quality of weaning foods as well as in providing adequate nutrients for infant growth and development. It discusses the extent to which fermented foods provide adequate nutrients; the degree to which fermentation can reduce the levels of aflatoxins, hydrocyanic acid, and other toxins in foods; whether fermentation reduces contamination of weaning foods by pathogens; and the role of fermented foods in reducing diarrhoeal morbidity, severity, and duration.
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Haruminori, Amanda, Nathania Angelia, and Andrea Purwaningtyas. "MAKANAN ETNIK MELAYU: TEMPOYAK." Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya 19, no. 2 (January 21, 2018): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jaisb.v19.n2.p125-128.2017.
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Traditional food is considered as one of the identities that makes a nation, and it is caused by the varieties of cultures. Tempoyak (asam durian) is one of the examples of traditional foods, specifically for the Malayan ethnic, and it is widely known in Palembang. The majority of Palembang citizens are known to be nomads, and since durians are abundant in Sumatra, food processing is done to increase shelf life. Tempoyak is the result of fermenting durian for 3-7 days by adding salt into the fruit. Fermentation is one of the many ways of food processing. The fermentation of durian gives tempoyak a unique flavour that combines sourness from the fermentation process and sweetness from the fruit itself. Fermentation is one of the most well-known food processing in Indonesia, and has been known for years. To the Malayan ethnics, tempoyak has a unique taste that can increase ones appetite, and it is usually used as a complementary food for rice, and also spices. One of the foods that use a tempoyak spices is brengkes.
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Valera, María José, Valentina Olivera, Eduardo Boido, Eduardo Dellacassa, and Francisco Carrau. "Wine Aroma Characterization of the Two Main Fermentation Yeast Species of the Apiculate Genus Hanseniaspora." Fermentation 7, no. 3 (August 21, 2021): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030162.
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Hanseniaspora species are the main yeasts isolated from grapes and grape musts. Regarding genetic and phenotypical characterization, especially fermentative behavior, they can be classified in two technological clusters: the fruit group and the fermentation group. Among the species belonging to the last group, Hanseniaspora osmophila and Hanseniaspora vineae have been previously isolated in spontaneous fermentations of grape must. In this work, the oenological aptitudes of the two species of the fermentation group were compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the main species of the fruit group, Hanseniaspora uvarum. Both H. osmophila and H. vineae conferred a positive aroma to final wines and no sensory defects were detected. Wines fermented with H. vineae presented significantly higher concentrations of 2-phenylethyl, tryptophol and tyrosol acetates, acetoin, mevalonolactone, and benzyl alcohol compared to H. osmophila. Sensorial analysis showed increased intensity of fruity and flowery notes in wines vinificated with H. vineae. In an evolutionary context, the detoxification of alcohols through a highly acetylation capacity might explain an adaption to fermentative environments. It was concluded that, although H. vineae show close alcohol fermentation adaptations to H. osmophila, the increased activation of phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway is a particular characteristic of H. vineae within this important apiculate genus.
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Chen, Liang, Peng Song, Feng Jia, and Jin Shui Wang. "Reducing the Allergenicity from Food by Microbial Fermentation." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 2302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.2302.
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Food allergy has become a serious public health problem. Nowadays several treatments were employed for reducing the allergenicity from food. The paper mainly reviews the application of microbial fermentation in the reduction of the allergenicity from different foods.
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Garofalo, Cristiana, Alessandra Norici, Lorenzo Mollo, Andrea Osimani, and Lucia Aquilanti. "Fermentation of Microalgal Biomass for Innovative Food Production." Microorganisms 10, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): 2069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10102069.
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Fermentation is an ancient method used worldwide to process and preserve food while enhancing its nutraceutical profile. Alga-based fermented products have recently been developed and tested due to growing interest in healthy sustainable diets, which demands the development of innovative practices in food production, operating for both human health and Earth sustainability. Algae, particularly microalgae such as Arthrospira platensis, Chlorella vulgaris, and Dunaliella salina, are already cultivated as sources of food due to their valuable compounds, including proteins, pigments, lipids, carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, steroids, and vitamins. Due to their nutritional composition, functional diversity, and flexible metabolism, microalgae represent good fermentation substrates for lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts. This review presents an overview of the scientific studies on microalga fermentation underlining microalgae’s properties and health benefits coupled with the advantages of LAB and yeast fermentation. The potential applications of and future perspectives on such functional foods are discussed.
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Ruiz-Rodríguez, Ana, Miguel Palma, and Carmelo G. Barroso. "Influence of Temperature during Pre-Fermentative Maceration and Alcoholic Fermentation on the Phenolic Composition of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ Wines." Foods 10, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10051053.
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This study presents the effects of different working temperatures on the transfer of compounds during the pre-fermentative and fermentative stages of the wine making process with ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grapes. Two different procedures have been evaluated. Firstly, the pre-fermentative maceration of the crushed grapes at two different temperatures (20 °C and 10 °C). Then, the alcoholic fermentation under two different sets of conditions, the fermentation at a constant temperature of 20 °C and the fermentation under a positive temperature gradient from 10 to 20 °C. According to the experimental results, the phenolic contents (total phenolics, total anthocyanins, and total tannins) were mainly conditioned by the fermentation temperature, however the pre-fermentative conditions also affected the content levels of these compounds. Furthermore, the use of a fermentation temperature gradient improved the organoleptic characteristics of the wines. However, the color was not as stable as that of wines produced through fermentation at a higher constant temperature. Consequently, the implementation of a temperature gradient during the alcoholic fermentation process is recommended and a longer period at high temperature over the last phase of the process would be desirable to obtain aromatic wines with the desirable color stability.
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Coleman, Matthew C., Russell Fish, and David E. Block. "Temperature-Dependent Kinetic Model for Nitrogen-Limited Wine Fermentations." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 18 (July 6, 2007): 5875–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00670-07.
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ABSTRACT A physical and mathematical model for wine fermentation kinetics was adapted to include the influence of temperature, perhaps the most critical factor influencing fermentation kinetics. The model was based on flask-scale white wine fermentations at different temperatures (11 to 35°C) and different initial concentrations of sugar (265 to 300 g/liter) and nitrogen (70 to 350 mg N/liter). The results show that fermentation temperature and inadequate levels of nitrogen will cause stuck or sluggish fermentations. Model parameters representing cell growth rate, sugar utilization rate, and the inactivation rate of cells in the presence of ethanol are highly temperature dependent. All other variables (yield coefficient of cell mass to utilized nitrogen, yield coefficient of ethanol to utilized sugar, Monod constant for nitrogen-limited growth, and Michaelis-Menten-type constant for sugar transport) were determined to vary insignificantly with temperature. The resulting mathematical model accurately predicts the observed wine fermentation kinetics with respect to different temperatures and different initial conditions, including data from fermentations not used for model development. This is the first wine fermentation model that accurately predicts a transition from sluggish to normal to stuck fermentations as temperature increases from 11 to 35°C. Furthermore, this comprehensive model provides insight into combined effects of time, temperature, and ethanol concentration on yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) activity and physiology.
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Luzzini, Giovanni, Davide Slaghenaufi, and Maurizio Ugliano. "Volatile Compounds in Monovarietal Wines of Two Amarone Della Valpolicella Terroirs: Chemical and Sensory Impact of Grape Variety and Origin, Yeast Strain and Spontaneous Fermentation." Foods 10, no. 10 (October 15, 2021): 2474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102474.
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Aroma profiles of withered Corvina and Corvinone wines from two different Valpolicella terroirs were investigated in relationship to yeast strain and use of spontaneous fermentation. The results indicated that volatile chemical differences between wines were mainly driven by grape origin, which was associated with distinctive compositional profiles. Wine content in terpenes, norisoprenoids, benzenoids and C6 alcohols, as well as some fermentative esters, were indeed significantly affected by grape origin. Conversely, yeast strain influence was mainly associated with fermentation-derived esters. Sensory analysis, besides confirming the major role of grape origin as driver of wine differentiation, indicated that spontaneous fermentations reduced the sensory differences associated with grape origin and variety, mainly due to high content of acetic acid and ethyl acetate.
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Verardo, Vito, Ana Gómez-Caravaca, and Giulia Tabanelli. "Bioactive Components in Fermented Foods and Food By-Products." Foods 9, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9020153.
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Casciano, Flavia, Hannah Mayr, Lorenzo Nissen, Andreas Putti, Federica Zoli, Andrea Gianotti, and Lorenza Conterno. "Red Beetroot Fermentation with Different Microbial Consortia to Develop Foods with Improved Aromatic Features." Foods 11, no. 19 (October 1, 2022): 3055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11193055.
Full textAbstract:
The European culinary culture relies on a wide range of fermented products of plant origin, produced mostly through spontaneous fermentation. Unfortunately, this kind of fermentations is difficult to standardize. Therefore, the use of commercial starter cultures is becoming common to achieve more stable, reproducible, and predictable results. Among plant-based fermentation processes, that of the red beet (Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva) is scarcely described in the scientific literature. In this work, we compared different types of fermentation methods of beetroot and evaluated the processes’ micro-biological, physico-chemical, structural, and volatilome features. A multi-variate analysis was used to match the production of specific VOCs to each starter and to define the correlations between the process variables and volatilome. Overall, the results showed a successful lactic acid fermentation. The analysis of the volatilome clearly discriminated the metabolic profiles of the different fermentations. Among them, the sample fermented with the mixture was the one with the most complex and diversified volatilome. Furthermore, samples did not appear softened after fermentation. Although this work had its weaknesses, such as the limited number of samples and variety, it may pave the way for the standardization of artisanal fermentation procedures of red beetroot in order to improve the quality and safety of the derived food products.
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Karabegović, Ivana, Marko Malićanin, Bojana Danilović, Jelena Stanojević, Sandra Stamenković Stojanović, Nada Nikolić, and Miodrag Lazić. "Potential of non-Saccharomyces yeast for improving the aroma and sensory profile of Prokupac red wine." OENO One 55, no. 2 (April 26, 2021): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.2.3859.
Full textAbstract:
This work aimed to analyse the effect of non-Saccharomyces yeasts on the volatile composition, aromatic profile and sensory properties of wine made from autochthonous Serbian grape variety Prokupac (Vitis vinifera). Fermentation was performed with two commercial yeasts, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Torulaspora delbrueckii, in pure and sequential fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The standard analysis of produced wines indicated that the application of both non-Saccharomyces yeast (in pure or in sequential fermentation) significantly reduces the content of alcohol when compared to the control. The use of M. pulcherrima in both pure and sequential fermentation resulted in a higher content of different groups of polyphenols, anthocyanins and flavonoids or better colour characteristics compared to the wines obtained in fermentations with T. delbrueckii. HS-SPME GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of 27 different compounds in the wine samples, with higher alcohols and ethyl esters being the most dominant. It was proven that the presence of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in the initial stage of fermentation with later inoculation with S. cerevisiae contributes to increased complexity of the wine, as well as increased higher alcohol content and total extracts. Wines produced from sequential fermentation with T. delbrueckii showed floral and spice attributes, probably due to 1-pentanol and 2-phenylethanol detected in the wine, as well as to the large amount of ethyl acetate. The use of M. pulcherrima in pure fermentation resulted in wines with the lowest sensorial characteristics (i.e., lacking fruity and floral aroma) probably due to the lowest relative contribution of ethyl esters. The control wine in this study (from pure fermentation with S. cerevisie), had the most intense ‘red berries’ and ‘black berries’ note and low intensity of spices or vegetable aroma, which may be explained by the highest relative contribution of ethyl octanoate and ethyl decanoate. The PCA results also clearly differentiated the analysed samples produced in the sequential, pure and control fermentation trials, leading to the conclusion that the aromatic profile of Prokupac wines produced in sequential fermentation was more complex compared to the wines produced in pure fermentation.