Academic literature on the topic 'Food handling – Safety measures'
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Journal articles on the topic "Food handling – Safety measures"
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Ehuwa, Olugbenga, Amit K. Jaiswal, and Swarna Jaiswal. "Salmonella, Food Safety and Food Handling Practices." Foods 10, no. 5 (April 21, 2021): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10050907.
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Salmonellosis is the second most reported gastrointestinal disorder in the EU resulting from the consumption of Salmonella-contaminated foods. Symptoms include gastroenteritis, abdominal cramps, bloody diarrhoea, fever, myalgia, headache, nausea and vomiting. In 2018, Salmonella accounted for more than half of the numbers of foodborne outbreak illnesses reported in the EU. Salmonella contamination is mostly associated with produce such as poultry, cattle and their feeds but other products such as dried foods, infant formula, fruit and vegetable products and pets have become important. Efforts aimed at controlling Salmonella are being made. For example, legislation and measures put in place reduced the number of hospitalizations between 2014 and 2015. However, the number of hospitalizations started to increase in 2016. This calls for more stringent controls at the level of government and the private sector. Food handlers of “meat processing” and “Ready to Eat” foods play a crucial role in the spread of Salmonella. This review presents an updated overview of the global epidemiology, the relevance of official control, the disease associated with food handlers and the importance of food safety concerning salmonellosis.
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Jeewon, Rajesh, Seerauj Nouvishika, Dauharry Kumar, and Ahinsa Jheelan-Ramchandur. "An Investigation Into How Far Do Residents Adopt Measures to Reduce Microbial Hazards During Food Handling." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 5, no. 1 (April 11, 2017): 06–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.5.1.02.
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Foodborne diseases have always been linked to numerous food manufacturing elements and home practices of purchasers and the latter does play a critical role in disease prevention. Consumers have the ultimate responsibility for handling and storing food safely and take adequate safety precautions when preparing and consuming food at home to avoid health related problems associated with microbial hazards. The objectives of this survey were to evaluate current knowledge of consumers pertaining to food hygiene and food safety concepts as well as to assess food handling practices that residents adopt to reduce microbial hazards in the domestic environment. A sample of 300 Mauritian residents were selected to participate in a questionnaire based survey. Questions in the questionnaire were based on hygienic practices with respect to food handling, food safety and personal hygiene. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) was used to analyze the results and Microsoft excel was used to generate pie charts, and bar charts. The results obtained demonstrated that the level of knowledge pertaining to food safety and food hygiene and how to reduce microbial hazards were above average. Majority of the residents were knowledgeable about major aspects related to proper food handling behaviors but need more education pertaining to the use of thermometers to check for food temperature. The nature of the risk, personal and environmental factors (psychological, demographic and socio-economic factors, cultural and economic) were found to be the factors affecting food safety behaviors among consumers. Consumers can become more motivated to improve their behaviors if they are made aware of the impact of risky practices. Although, most consumers had basic knowledge pertaining to food safety, food hygiene and food handling practices, it is important to continually inform consumers about safe food handling practices through various channels.
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BYRD-BREDBENNER, CAROL, JACLYN MAURER, VIRGINIA WHEATLEY, DONALD SCHAFFNER, CHRISTINE BRUHN, and LYDIA BLALOCK. "Food Safety Self-Reported Behaviors and Cognitions of Young Adults: Results of a National Study." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 8 (August 1, 2007): 1917–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.8.1917.
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With limited opportunities to learn safe food handling via observation, many young adults lack the knowledge needed to keep them safe from foodborne disease. It is important to reach young adults with food safety education because of their current and future roles as caregivers. With a nationwide online survey, the demographic characteristics, self-reported food handling and consumption behaviors, food safety beliefs, locus of control, self-efficacy, stage of change, and knowledge of young adults with education beyond high school (n = 4,343) were assessed. Young adults (mean age, 19.92 ± 1.67 SD) who participated were mainly female, white, never married, and freshmen or sophomores. Participants correctly answered 60% of the knowledge questions and were most knowledgeable about groups at greatest risk for foodborne disease and least knowledgeable about common food sources of foodborne disease pathogens. They reported less than optimal levels of safe food handling practices. Young adults generally had a limited intake of foods that increase the risk of foodborne disease, positive food safety beliefs, an internal food safety locus of control, and confidence in their ability to handle food safely, and they were contemplating an improvement in, or preparing to improve, their food handling practices. Females significantly outperformed males on nearly all study measures. Future food safety educational efforts should focus on increasing knowledge and propelling young adults into the action stage of safe food handling, especially males. Efforts to improve knowledge and, ultimately, food safety behaviors are essential to safeguard the health of these young adults and enable them to fulfill the role of protecting the health of their future families.
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RØSSVOLL, ELIN HALBACH, RANDI LAVIK, ØYDIS UELAND, EIVIND JACOBSEN, THERESE HAGTVEDT, and SOLVEIG LANGSRUD. "Food Safety Practices among Norwegian Consumers." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 11 (November 1, 2013): 1939–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-269.
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An informed consumer can compensate for several potential food safety violations or contaminations that may occur earlier in the food production chain. However, a consumer can also destroy the work of others in the chain by poor food handling practices, e.g., by storing chilled ready-to-eat foods at abusive temperatures. To target risk-reducing strategies, consumer groups with high-risk behavior should be identified. The aim of this study was to identify demographic characteristics associated with high-risk food handling practices among Norwegian consumers. More than 2,000 randomly selected Norwegian consumers were surveyed, and the results were analyzed with a risk-based grading system, awarding demerit points for self-reported food safety violations. The violations were categorized into groups, and an ordinary multiple linear regression analysis was run on the summarized demerit score for each group and for the entire survey group as a whole. Young and elderly men were identified as the least informed consumer groups with the most unsafe practices regarding food safety. Single persons reported poorer practices than those in a relationship. People with higher education reported poorer practices than those with lower or no education, and those living in the capital of Norway (Oslo) reported following more unsafe food practices than people living elsewhere in Norway. Men reported poorer food safety practices than women in all categories with two exceptions: parboiling raw vegetables before consumption and knowledge of refrigerator temperature. These findings suggest that risk-reducing measures should target men, and a strategy is needed to change their behavior and attitudes.
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Abdul Aziz, Saidatul Afzan, and Hayati Mohd Dahan. "Mediating Effect of Preventive Measures on Food Safety Knowledge and Food Hygiene Practices." Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies 3, no. 11 (May 20, 2018): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i11.108.
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Food borne diseases represent a persistent public health problem in developed and developing countries. This study investigates if preventive measures mediate the relationship between food safety knowledge among food handlers and their food handling behaviours. Data is gathered from a sample of 300 food handlers attached to school canteens in four zones in Peninsular Malaysia. Using Amos 22.0, the finding indicates that there is partial mediation effect. As such, this research emphasizes the importance of preventive measure in food service operation which is critical to food hygiene training program as this may result in exhibited behavioural change in safe food handling.Keywords: Food safety knowledge, Food handlers, Preventive measures, Food hygiene practiceseISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i11.108
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Costa, Graziela Alvarez Corrêa da, Rita De Cássia Akutsu, Lorenza R. dos Reis Gallo, and Wilma Maria Coelho Araújo. "Knowledge and Consumer Behavior Related to Safe Practices of Food Handling." Journal of Safety Studies 2, no. 1 (May 11, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jss.v2i1.9191.
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<p class="1"><span lang="EN-US">The purpose of this research was to analyze the perceptions and practices of participants involved in safe food handling. The sample was composed by 204 participants. To assess behavior, knowledge and psychosocial factors, the instrument used was divided in six topics: sociodemographic characteristics; behavioral measures regarding safe food production; measures about knowledge and practices in pest control and food purchase; Food Safety scale with two factors and Cronbach's alpha of 0.75; Credence declaration scale with three factors and Cronbach's alpha of 0.78, both scales with seven points, Likert type; Self-efficacy scale with one factor and Cronbach's alpha of 0.86, also Likert type with five points. A linear model of multiple variance analysis was used to evaluate if the variables gender, age, income, education and professional experience were used to determine the behavioral, knowledge and psychosocial measures. When the detected differences were significant, a post-hoc analysis was used with the Tukey adjustment. The knowledge about safe food production and food poisoning showed that 95.1% of participants consider <em>very important</em> hygiene precautions in food preparation in their homes; 30.4% of participants said that they or someone in their family have developed symptoms related to food poisoning in the last 12 months. The data obtained for self-efficacy showed significant differences for the variables gender, age and education. Women and college graduates replied that they <em>Are Sure they Can Do That </em>when asked about the execution of tasks that promote food safety. </span><span lang="EN-US">These results substantiate the need for educational initiatives tailored to develop the food safety knowledge and food-handling practices in Brasil.</span><strong></strong></p>
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Janjic, Jelena, Jelena Ciric, Marija Boskovic, Danijela Sarcevic, Milka Popovic, and Milan Z. Baltic. "Consumer Responsibility for Food Safety." Research in Agriculture 3, no. 1 (December 15, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ra.v3n1p1.
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<p><em>Nowadays, food safety and quality have a key role in maintaining the health of consumer, as the ultimate link in the food chain. Foodborne diseases can be a problem for every individual, but are particularly important to children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Although food hygiene experts widely accept many cases of foodborne disease occur as a result of improper food handling and preparation by consumers, the consumers themselves are still not aware of this fact. Correct personal hygiene measures are a well known step facilitating reductions in the risk of these diseases. However, actual implementation of personal hygiene and sanitation behaviors at home remains insufficient. The aim of many studies is to assess consumers’ knowledge of food security and to determine whether that knowledge is applied in practice. Such information can be of great help to professionals who deal with education of consumers about food safety, should help promote the principle among consumers that they themselves have a critical role in reducing the risk of foodborne disease.</em></p>
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PATIL, SUMEET R., SHERYL CATES, and ROBERTA MORALES. "Consumer Food Safety Knowledge, Practices, and Demographic Differences: Findings from a Meta-Analysis." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 1884–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.9.1884.
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Risk communication and consumer education to promote safer handling of food can be the best way of managing the risk of foodborne illness at the consumer end of the food chain. Thus, an understanding of the overall status of food handling knowledge and practices is needed. Although traditional qualitative reviews can be used for combining information from several studies on specific food handling behaviors, a structured approach of meta-analysis can be more advantageous in a holistic assessment. We combined findings from 20 studies using meta-analysis methods to estimate percentages of consumers engaging in risky behaviors, such as consumption of raw food, poor hygiene, and cross-contamination, separated by various demographic categories. We estimated standard errors to reflect sampling error and between-study random variation. Then we evaluated the statistical significance of differences in behaviors across demographic categories and across behavioral measures. There were considerable differences in behaviors across demographic categories, possibly because of socioeconomic and cultural differences. For example, compared with women, men reported greater consumption of raw or undercooked foods, poorer hygiene, poorer practices to prevent cross-contamination, and less safe defrosting practices. Mid-age adults consumed more raw food (except milk) than did young adults and seniors. High-income individuals reported greater consumption of raw foods, less knowledge of hygiene, and poorer cross-contamination practices. The highest raw ground beef and egg consumption and the poorest hygiene and cross-contamination practices were found in the U.S. Mountain region. Meta-analysis was useful for identifying important data gaps and demographic groups with risky behaviors, and this information can be used to prioritize further research.
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Levine, Katrina, Ashley Chaifetz, and Benjamin Chapman. "Evaluating food safety risk messages in popular cookbooks." British Food Journal 119, no. 5 (May 2, 2017): 1116–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-02-2017-0066.
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Purpose Medeiros et al. (2001) estimate 3.5 million cases of foodborne illness in the USA annually are associated with inadequate cooking of animal foods or cross-contamination from these foods. Past research shows home food handling practices can be risk factors for foodborne illness. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the communication of food safety guidance, specifically safe endpoint temperatures and cross-contamination risk reduction practices, in popular cookbook recipes. Design/methodology/approach Recipes containing raw animal ingredients in 29 popular cookbooks were evaluated through content analysis for messages related to safe endpoint temperature recommendations and reducing cross-contamination risks. Findings Of 1,749 recipes meeting study criteria of cooking raw animal ingredients, 1,497 contained a raw animal that could effectively be measured with a digital thermometer. Only 123 (8.2 percent) of these recipes included an endpoint temperature, of which 89 (72.3 percent) gave a correct temperature. Neutral and positive food safety behavior messages were provided in just 7.2 percent (n=126) and 5.1 percent (n=90) of recipes, respectively. When endpoint temperatures were not included, authors often provided subjective and risky recommendations. Research limitations/implications Further research is needed on the effect of these results on consumer behavior and to develop interventions for writing recipes with better food safety guidance. Practical implications Including correct food safety guidance in cookbooks may increase the potential of reducing the risk of foodborne illness. Originality/value Popular cookbooks are an underutilized avenue for communicating safe food handling practices and currently cookbook authors are risk amplifiers.
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Askarian, Mehrdad, Gholamhosein Kabir, Maria Aminbaig, Ziad A. Memish, and Peyman Jafari. "Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Food Service Staff Regarding Food Hygiene in Shiraz, Iran." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 25, no. 1 (January 2004): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502285.
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AbstractBackground:The practice of safety measures by the food service staff in hospitals is necessary for the prevention of food-borne outbreaks. Hospitalized patients are more vulnerable to potential hazards, and neglecting these principles can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.Methods:We assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of food service staff regarding food hygiene in government and private hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. Two questionnaires were designed, one for food service staff and the ofher for supervisors. Thirty-one hospitals were approached, and the response rate was 99.5%. Four models were developed regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices, and a multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Comparison among the government and private hospitals was done.Results:This study showed that personnel had little knowledge regarding the pathogens that cause food-borne diseases and the correct temperature for the storage of hot or cold ready-to-eat foods. Older personnel had better attitudes and practices. Females practiced safety measures less often than did males. Personnel working in hospitals with fewer than 300 beds also had better practices. Most of the personnel had positive attitudes, but disparity between attitude and practice was noted.Conclusion:There is a dire need for education and increased awareness among food service staff regarding safe food handling practices.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Food handling – Safety measures"
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蔡秀康 and Sau-hong Stephen Choi. "Understanding food safety problems of Hong Kong: a cross-border analysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41549405.
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Jackson, Linda. "Food safety management and associated food handler behaviours in a prominent South African entertainment facility." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/143.
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Thesis (M. Tech. Environmental health) -- Central University of technology, Free State, 2011Millions of people in South Africa eat out every day, utilising the food service sector. Although the lack of an effective reporting system makes it difficult to know how many of these people suffer from food-borne illness, statistics from the developed countries show that this number may be significant. There is, therefore, the need to ensure that the food service sector, which encompasses fast food outlets, hotels and similar accommodation outlets offering food and beverage services, restaurants, caterers, etc., implement effective food safety management systems. Internationally, the trend has been that food safety management systems should be based on the internationally accepted Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) principles. In South Africa, the implementation of HACCP as a food safety management system has been driven by international trade requirements where foods are exported to countries such as the European Union or the United States of America. A national regulation requiring HACCP implementation was promulgated in 2003, but compliance is not yet required for the food service sector. Currently, neither of the above mentioned factors put adequate pressure on the food service sector to implement formal food safety management systems. However, increasing international tourism and the hosting of international sporting events has brought this sector under scrutiny. Food handlers have been implicated in many outbreaks of food-borne illness and much research has been done to investigate causal factors in this regard. Food handler training has been proposed as a strategy to improve food safety practices. However, research has shown that the traditional provision of food safety and food hygiene knowledge does not equate to improved food safety behaviours. Some authors postulate that the organisational context, created largely by the management of an organisation, is of greater significance than training. Less research is available on these management factors – defined as the situational factors when discussing organisational culture, or defined as enabling and reinforcing factors when discussing food handler behaviour. This study commenced with the hypothesis that food handlers are not able to implement the correct food safety behaviours in the absence of sufficient management support. This support would require appropriate policies regarding food safety, the provision of training and infrastructure and enforcing the correct behaviours by line management, as a minimum. The aim of this study was to investigate and assess the role of line management in relation to food safety at a prominent South African entertainment facility. In order to achieve this, the following objectives were defined for the study: to conduct a qualitative assessment of the role of management in food safety, to assess the role of management in the provision of food safety training and to assess the role of management in the provision of a basic hygiene infrastructure at the study site in order to allow food handlers to carry out the correct behaviours. The objective of conducting a qualitative study of management practices, policies and resource provision with respect to food safety revealed that there was no formal evidence of management commitment to food safety other than the recent provision of food handler training. The findings also indicated a lack of a formal management system for food safety at the study site. In the exploratory survey of food safety training and knowledge, results showed that only 60 % of staff in the survey had received training. This indicates that at the time of the survey, the study site did not fully comply with the minimum legal requirements for food handler training. The results of the employee survey further indicated that employees were aware of the importance of hand washing although it was not possible to determine whether this knowledge was as a result of the training intervention or prior knowledge. Many of the supervisors were not yet trained in food safety and the impact of the food safety training intervention on related behaviours at the site will require further in-depth assessment. Upon investigating the food hygiene infrastructure provided at the study site to allow food handlers to carry out the correct behaviours, findings indicated that although the personnel hygiene programme addressed most of best practice requirements in design, the implementation of the hand washing requirements was not aligned with accepted norms due to the lack of sufficient hand wash basins. The provision of facilities such as sufficient and conveniently located hand wash basins is a management function and findings suggest that, as a priority, management should ensure that they are not contributing to the lack of implementation of the correct food safety behaviours of food handlers as a result of failing to provide the necessary resources. The results of this study should be of value in the food service sector, specifically hotel kitchens, as a guideline to ensure that management plays an effective role in facilitating food safety management systems. A robust food safety and food hygiene training programme for all levels of the organisation is essential in ensuring adequate knowledge of food safety hazards and correct practices. Training should be supported by daily supervision of food safety controls, management commitment and a work environment that supports the implementation of the correct behaviours. Literature has shown that undesirable practices are often deeply rooted in kitchen culture. It has further been commented that culture changes require a top-down approach which usually involves working with the leadership of the organisation. Important policies and procedures generally originate from the management tiers and will always require the concurrence of management in providing resources, altering priorities or otherwise changing how things are done in the organisation. The results of this study are invaluable in highlighting areas in an organisation that could be targeted to change the kitchen culture. Such changes are primarily the responsibility of management. Ultimately, this study endeavours to contribute to the body of knowledge pointing to the role of social-behavioural aspects in ensuring food safety and thereby consumer well-being.
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Ngwa, Macceline Bih. "The application of good manufacturing practices as a quality approach to food safety in a food manufacturing establishment in the Western Cape South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2525.
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Thesis (MTech (Quality (Engineering)))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) is a segment of quality assurance which guarantees that food products produced are uniform and controlled to the appropriate quality standards for their required use and as expected by the marketing authority. A survey was carried out to assess the awareness and implementation level of GMP guidelines amongst manufacturers in the Western Cape, South Africa. Based on a literature review on GMP in the food manufacturing establishments a research problem was identified forming the crux of the research which reads as follows: “the lack of enforcement of approved standards within the food manufacturing establishments in the Western Cape Province, South Africa may result in the food product quality being questioned by consumers”. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness and implementation of GMP among food manufacturing establishments in the Western Cape. The literature was reviewed to discover what is currently known concerning GMP in the food manufacturing industries. Fresh food produce manufacturing establishments in the Western Cape Province South Africa were targeted for this study, with 52 responding to the questionnaires. Data was collected by means of self-administered structured questionnaires and individual face-to-face interviews with six of the establishments that participated in the questionnaires. Data for the questionnaires was analysed by means Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 19 software programme in order to generate descriptive statistical results and to determine potential areas for improvement in the establishments surveyed. Data for individual face-to-face interview was recorded by transcribing and analysed by inductive reasoning. In particular, Cronbach’s alpha was utilized to test the reliability of the key items of GMP.
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Tibola, Silviane Aparecida. "Estudo de caso: implantação de sistemas integrados de gestão de segurança de alimentos em entreposto de ovos in natura para consumo." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2012. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1537.
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Dissertação é composta por 3 artigos.Para os industriais do setor de alimentos e para as autoridades de saúde pública, a segurança dos produtos alimentares compõe um cenário de exigências sanitárias expostas pelos órgãos legais e de mercado, diante de uma população humana em crescimento. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em um entreposto de classificação de ovos in natura para consumo, frente à crescente demanda pelo consumo de ovos, da espécie Gallus gallus domesticus, a qual tem instigado a preocupação com questões higiênico sanitárias. Constituindo fator de interesse para a indústria, consumidor e Estado, objetivou-se definir um modelo de sistema integrado de gestão de segurança de alimentos com documentos que atendem os pré-requisitos legais de Boas Praticas de Fabricação - BPF e de Analise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle – APPCC. A metodologia de criação e validação in loco dos documentos de autocontrole aplicados aos pré-requisitos e documentos de gestão de sistema teve por base a Abordagem de Processo. Através de uma visão sistêmica integrada foi possível correlacionar os pré-requisitos legais de Boas Práticas e de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle. Os registros da execução da ação, monitoramento e verificação demonstraram a capilaridade do sistema, sendo pró-ativo às medidas preventivas de não conformidades e ressaltando a melhoria continua do SGSA – Sistema de Gestão de Segurança de Alimentos. A pertinência do modelo adotado demonstrou a aplicação prática do sistema desde a construção dos documentos à sua validação in loco, possibilitando a utilização destes por outras empresas do segmento. Este modelo propôs uma estrutura de etapas desde a criação à implementação do Sistema de Gestão Integrado cujos resultados satisfatórios foram confirmados pela análise do percentual de conformidades obtidas durante a verificação dos registros que compõem os documentos de autocontrole e de gestão do sistema, pelos achados in loco e em relatórios de auditoria interna, respondendo no período considerado de três meses por 94% de conformidades. Outro fator a considerar foram os relatórios de auditoria de empresas clientes e do próprio Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA) os quais evidenciaram a eficácia da sistemática adotada na criação e implementação dos documentos.
Both for the food industry and public health authorities, food safety comprises a series of sanitary demands exposed by legal and merchant organisations, in the face of a growing human population. The present work was developed in a sorting facility processing fresh Gallus gallus domesticus eggs for consumption, where hygienic-sanitary matters are of great concern for the industry, the consumer and the State. The aim was to define an integrated model of food security management with documents designed to meet the standards of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP). The methodology for the creation and validation of the local self-control documents applied to the requirements and system management documents was based on Process Approach. A systemic, integrated standpoint was fundamental allow the correlation between the requirements of GMPs and HACCP. The execution, monitoring and verification records demonstrated the capillarity of the system, hence pro-active to preventative measures of nonconformity and confirming the continuous improvement of the Food Safety Management System (FSMS). The pertinence of the model adopted showed the practical operation of the system since the document design to its local validation, which enables its use by other companies of the industry. This model proposed a structure of steps starting with the creation and implementation of this Integrated Management System, with results confirmed by the percentage of conformities obtained during the verification of the records that constitute the documentation of the self-control and management system. Moreover, results were confirmed by the local and internal audit findings, which corresponds to 94% of conformity during the three-month period considered. Another factor to ponder were the client companies’ audit reports and the Brazilian government agency for agriculture and animal production (Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento - MAPA), all of which revealed accuracy of the process adopted for document design and implementation.
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Nkhebenyane, Jane Sebolelo. "Microbial hazards associated with food preparation in Central South African HIV/Aids hospices." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/135.
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Thesis (M. Tech.) -- Central University of Technology, Free State, 2010South Africa currently faces one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in the world. As this prevalence rises, the strain placed on its hospitals is likely to increase due to the shortage of beds. The devastating effects of HIV/AIDS initiated the establishment of a hospice which is a non-governmental organisation whose goal is the provision of care for terminally ill patients, either in their homes, in hospitals or in a hospice’s own in-patients wards. Part of the hospice’s mission is to offer palliative care without charge to anyone who requires it. The basic elements of hospice care include pain and symptom management, provision of support to the bereaving family and promoting a peaceful and dignified death. This also includes the provision of cooked foods to the patients using the kitchen facilities of the hospices for this activity. It is well known that the kitchen is particularly important in the spread of infectious disease in the domestic environment due to many activities that occur in this particular setting. Food and water safety is especially important to the persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or with immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).It is estimated that food-borne pathogens (disease–causing agents) are responsible for 76 million illnesses, some resulting in death, in the United States alone every year. In one study of patients with AIDS, two-thirds had diarrhoeal disease and in two-thirds of these, the following enteric pathogens were identified: Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria, Yersnia, Cryptosporidium, Entamoeba histolylica and Campylobacter sp. In an epidemiological study of patients with HIV infection a close association was found between consumption of raw or partially cooked fish and antimicrobial-resistant Mycobacterium avium complex. Antibiotic resistance in food-borne pathogens has become a reality and this poses a serious threat to the medical fraternity since it diminishes the effectiveness of treatment. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of foodborne pathogens including bio aerosols isolated from the kitchen surfaces and food handler’s before and after cooking. The antibiotic resistance of the isolated pathogens was further determined to assess their impact on treatment. The following microbiota were isolated: Total viable counts (TVC), Coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas and presumptive Salmonella. The hospices had high counts of E.coli and S.aureus on the cutting boards for the breakfast session compared to the traditional home based kitchens. It was speculated that this could have originated from crosscontamination via the foodhandler’s hands and the food served. It is evident from the results that hospices lack a management system regarding the prevalence of E. coli as it was present on the cutting boards throughout the food preparation sessions. Gram negative organisms (coliform and P. aeruginosa) were in particular both resistant to oxacillin and this pose a great challenge in this particular setting. This can be addressed by putting emphasis on hygiene as a strategy per se for reducing antibiotic resistance.
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Nhlapo, Nthabiseng. "Hygiene and nutritional content of the National School Nutrition Programme in Bloemfontein, South Africa." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/180.
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Thesis (M. Tech. (Environmental Health)) -- Central University of technology, Free State, 2013Malnutrition and concomitant infections are major contributing factors to child morbidity and mortality in developing countries such as South Africa. Globally, children benefiting from school feeding programmes are generally from communities with low socio-economic statuses. The meals provided through feeding schemes, such as the National School Nutrition Programme (NSNP) in South Africa, are aimed at significantly supplementing the beneficiaries’ daily energy and nutrient requirements. The possible nutrient deficiency of meals provided through such programmes compromises the nutritional well-being of children, promotes malnutrition and renders children more susceptible to infectious diseases. Furthermore, illness, particularly caused by diarrhoeal and infectious diseases, is a major factor contributing to child malnutrition as the human body is unable to efficiently digest foods and absorb nutrients during illness. Therefore, the microbiological safety of the foods served to children via feeding schemes is essential. In an effort to contribute towards the safety and wholesomeness of foodstuffs served through the NSNP, the present study was conducted with a view to assess the nutritional quality and safety of the foodstuffs. The knowledge, attitudes and practises (KAP) of food handlers and NSNP representatives/committee members at the schools were also investigated in order to assess origins of potential food contamination. Data collected via nutritional analyses of meals served to school children were compared to the nutrient-based standards set by the United Kingdom as guidelines for an average school lunch. The carbohydrate, energy, calcium and zinc contents of the school meals were below the standards, the majority of the meals met the protein and iron standards and all meals complied with the standards for lipid and vitamin C contents. During the microbiological analysis study, preparation surfaces yielded higher counts of all detected organisms (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and yeasts and moulds) compared to the hands of food handlers. Therefore possible sources of contamination may be foodstuffs, animal pests and environmental elements such as dust. However, significant differences of surface microbial counts could not be established (P > 0.05) and thus cross-contamination may have resulted among surfaces, possibly augmented by shortfalls in cleaning regimes. The majority of the participants of the questionnaire survey reportedly washed their hands and cleaned all surfaces several times during the day with water and detergent. In addition, a disinfectant was used by some of the food preparers during cleaning. Furthermore, participants stated that their aprons were washed daily. These claims were in agreement with the findings of the surface microbial study with regards to the hands, however, they did not match the findings of the preparation surfaces which contained the highest counts of total coliforms, E. coli and S. aureus of the three surfaces analysed, and aprons responsible for the highest yeast and mould counts. Improper storage and food preparation methods, such as the application of high temperatures, excessive exposure to UV light and oxygen, and high moisture conditions, may result in the deterioration of nutrients. Storage conditions which may permit pest infestation may also increase the risk of food-related illnesses and risk could be further elevated by application of improper cleaning and sanitation practices. In order for the NSNP to operate effectively, it is essential that the national and provincial Departments of Basic Education, which are responsible for the overall administration of the NSNP, and schools’ personnel function in an integrated manner through support structures and effective communication. Infrastructural limitations (lack of proper kitchen facilities and ventilation) and shortage of resources while administering the NSNP were the main challenges observed during the present study. Due to these hurdles, adhering to food safety practices and maintaining nutritional quality of foods may be a challenge. Continuous training in personal and general hygiene is also a necessity in preserving food safety. Furthermore, nutritional quality of foodstuffs may be preserved through proper storage practices and application of preparation methods which minimize loss of nutrients.
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Samulak, Renata Louize. "Monitoramento via PCR de Salmonella spp. no processamento de carne suína." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1479.
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CAPESA Salmonella spp. é um dos principais micro-organismos patogênicos envolvidos em Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos (DTA’s), com destaque para surtos envolvendo a ingestão de carne suína. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a segurança alimentar na produção de carne suína e embutidos quanto a presença de Salmonella spp. no processo produtivo. As amostras foram coletadas em um frigorífico que abate suínos e fabrica embutidos, localizado na região dos Campos Gerais - PR. Inicialmente, para padronização da PCR foi necessário determinar um protocolo de extração, bem como, ajustes metodológicos para amplificação de DNA. Para esses testes realizados, foi utilizada amostra de Salmonella spp previamente isolada de alimento. O protocolo de extração testado foi lise térmica e para reação de amplificação foram avaliadas três concentrações de DNA e diferentes temperaturas de hibridização para estabelecimento do padrão ideal. O protocolo escolhido mostrou-se bastante eficiente para extração do DNA de Salmonella spp, pois permitiu a obtenção de DNA em quantidade e com qualidade suficiente para amplificação de bandas. Para a amplificação, a melhor condição encontrada foi a concentração de DNA de aproximadamente 40 ng e uma temperatura de hibridização de57 ºC.Com o intuito de validar a análise molecular via PCR, realizouse um estudo comparativo inicial com a microbiologia convencional para comprovação dos resultados obtidos pela análise molecular. Inicialmente foram escolhidos dezessete pontos durante as diferentes etapas do processo produtivo do frigorífico em estudo. Duas carcaças foram acompanhadas durante todo o processo e amostras foram coletadas, contemplando desde a etapa de escaldagem até o embutimento do produto final. A utilização da técnica de PCR mostrou-se vantajosa nos seguintes aspectos: tempo de análise total de aproximadamente 30 horas; maior sensibilidade comparado ao método convencional. Decorrida a validação, foi realizada nova coleta, contemplando etapas desde pré-abate até a obtenção do embutido, perfazendo um total de 62 amostras, com intuito de avaliar contaminação durante a produção de carne suína e embutidos. Como resultado, foi verificado que 60% das amostras estavam contaminadas por Salmonella spp, em diversas etapas do processo produtivo. A partir dessa avaliação, foram selecionados alguns pontos contaminados e elaborado um plano de ações corretivas, a fim de controlar e diminuir os perigos microbiológicos existentes no local. Através de novas análises via PCR foi possível verificar que o plano de ações foi eficiente em 100% das amostras.
The Salmonella spp is major pathogens involved in Food borne Diseases (FBD), especially outbreaks involving the ingestion of meet and this products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the food safety in pork and sausages production for the Salmonella spp. presence in the process. The samples were collected in a refrigerator that slaughter pigs and manufactures sausages, located in the Campos Gerais - PR. Initially, to standardize the PCR was necessary to determine an extraction protocol, as well as methodological adjustments to the PCR reaction. For these tests it was used sample of Salmonella isolated from food. The extraction protocol was tested by heating process and for amplification reaction were evaluated three different concentration of DNA and hybridization temperatures to establish the ideal standard. The chosen protocol proved to be very efficient for the Salmonella ssp DNA extraction because it allowed obtaining DNA in sufficient quality and quantity for amplification bands. For amplification, the best condition was found a concentration of approximately 40 ng DNA and a hybridization temperature of 57 ° C. In order to validate the molecular analysis by PCR, we carried out a comparative study with the initial conventional microbiology for proof of all results obtained by molecular analysis. Seventeen points were chosen during the different stages of production process. Two carcasses were monitored throughout the procedure and samples were collected, comprising the scalding step to the final product inlay. The PCR usage technique proved advantageous in the following aspects: total analysis time of approximately 30 hours; higher sensitivity compared to conventional. After validation, we performed a new collection, covering stages from pre-slaughter until embedded obtaining, making a total of 62 samples, in order to assess contamination during production of pork and sausages. As a result, it was found that 60% of the samples were contaminated with Salmonella spp, in various stages of production. From this evaluation, we selected some points contaminated and developed a corrective action plan in order to control and reduce microbiological hazards on the premises. Through further analysis by PCR was possible to verify that the action plan was effective in 100% of samples.
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Barreto, Edith Huampa. "Controle da qualidade sanitária em frigorífico de suínos do Paraná." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2672.
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Capes; CNPqA manutenção das condições higiênicas na produção de alimentos é considerada peça chave na obtenção de alimentos seguros. Os ambientes dos frigoríficos apresentam uma grande quantidade de matéria orgânica rica em nutrientes que podem favorecer ao crescimento de micro-organismos A presente pesquisa objetivou a elaboração de critérios para aumentar o controle da qualidade sanitária em equipamentos e utensílios de um frigorífico de suínos do Paraná. O desenvolvimento do trabalho iniciou com as análises dos resultados microbiológicos de coleta de swabs em equipamentos e utensílios do processo após a higienização seguindo os padrões das empresas habilitadas à exportação. Com base nos conceitos das normativas que dizem respeito às condições sanitárias nos ambientes produtivos, assim com a bibliografia existente, foi elaborada e aplicada uma escala de avaliação das condições favoráveis à higiene em equipamentos e utensílios do processo. Os resultados das avaliações microbiológicas mostraram um percentual de conformidade de 75,54% para micro-organismos aeróbios mesófilos e 88,96% para as enterobactérias e uma prevalência de resultados inaceitáveis, ao longo dos períodos analisados, especificamente nas esteiras transportadoras, as quais podem representar focos de contaminação e risco no controle microbiológico das carnes. A escala desenvolvida está composta por nove critérios que avaliam as características favoráveis a higiene e as características operacionais do processo. A aplicação da escala indica que os grupos das esteiras transportadoras e os equipamentos de corte foram as que apresentaram os maiores percentuais de inadequação aos critérios. Finalmente, a prevalência de enterobactérias foi significativa (p<0,01) (ao nível de significância de 5%) para o grupo das esteiras quando comparada com os outros grupos de equipamentos, pelo que as diferenças das características nos equipamentos podem estar relacionadas com a eficiência da higienização.
Maintaining hygienic conditions in food production is considered a key part of obtaining safety food. The aim of the present work was to elaborate the criteria to increase the control of the sanitary quality in equipment and utensils of a pork abattoir in Paraná. The development of the work began with the analysis of the microbiological results of the collection of swabs in equipment and tools of the process after the hygiene, following the standards of the companies authorized to export. Based on the concepts of the standards that concern the sanitary conditions in the productive environments, as well as the existing bibliography, a scale of evaluation of the conditions favorable to hygiene in equipment and utensils of the process was elaborated and applied. The results of the microbiological evaluations showed a 75.54% compliance rate for aerobic mesophilic microorganisms and 88.96% for enterobacteria and a prevalence of unacceptable results during the analyzed periods, specifically on conveyors. represent pockets of contamination and risk in the microbiological control of meat. The scale developed is composed of nine criteria that evaluate the characteristics favorable to hygiene and the operational characteristics of the process. The application of the scale indicates that the groups of conveyors and cutting equipment were those that presented the highest percentage of inadequacy to the criteria. Finally, the prevalence of enterobacteria was significant (p <0.01) (at the significance level of 5%) for the group of conveyors when compared to the other groups of equipment, so the differences in characteristics in the equipment can be related to the hygiene efficiency.
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Misner, Scottie, and Evelyn Whitmer. "Food Safety Know-how." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146682.
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1p.Most of the "bad food" reported illnesses are due to bacterial contamination. Nearly all of these cases can be linked to improper food handling, both in our homes and in restaurants. This article briefly discusses the causes of food contamination and how to handle food safely.
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Choi, Sau-hong Stephen. "Understanding food safety problems of Hong Kong a cross-border analysis /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41549405.
Full textBooks on the topic "Food handling – Safety measures"
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Sprenger, Richard A. The food safety handbook (level 2). 2nd ed. Doncaster, South Yorkshire: Highfield, 2007.
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Nancy, Rue, and Linton Richard, eds. Essentials of food safety and sanitation. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2000.
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Graf, Williams Anna, ed. Quick reference to food safety & sanitation. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2003.
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Nancy, Rue, and Linton Richard, eds. Essentials of food safety and sanitation. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Food handling – Safety measures"
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Hentges, Dawn L. "Safe Handling of Fresh-cut Produce and Salads." In Food Safety Handbook, 425–42. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047172159x.ch24.
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Pendry, T. "Handling of Laboratory Animals — Including Non-human Primates." In Handbook of Laboratory Health and Safety Measures, 51–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7897-4_4.
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Pendry, T. "Handling of Laboratory Animals – Including Non-human Primates." In Handbook of Laboratory Health and Safety Measures, 43–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9363-7_4.
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Porsbo, Lone J., Tenna Jensen, and Birgit Nørrung. "Occurrence and control of viruses in food handling environments and in ready-to-eat foods." In ECVPH Food safety assurance, 181–200. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-780-6_09.
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Zhou, Wanlong, Eugene Y. Chang, and Perry G. Wang. "Introduction: Basic Principles of Assays to be Covered, Sample Handling, and Sample Processing." In High-Throughput Analysis for Food Safety, 1–14. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118907924.ch01.
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Singh, Karunendra. "Analysis of Food Safety and Quality Measures in Indian Trends." In Emerging Technologies in Food Science, 67–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2556-8_6.
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Izrael, Y. A., and V. N. Petrov. "Procedures on Assessment and Measures of Safety for the Population After the Chernobyl Accident." In Radionuclides in the Food Chain, 285–90. London: Springer London, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1610-3_20.
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Kulmyrzaev, Asylbek. "Urgent Measures to Improve Food Quality and Safety Control in the Kyrgyz Republic." In Strategies for Achieving Food Security in Central Asia, 3–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2502-7_1.
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Morgan, Lynette. "Harvest and postharvest factors." In Hydroponics and protected cultivation: a practical guide, 268–90. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244830.0268.
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Abstract This chapter discusses harvest and postharvest factors. Harvesting involves the gathering or removal of a mature crop, with minimum damage and losses, from where it has been grown and transporting it on either for direct consumption or into the postharvest handling chain for further storage and distribution. Determination of harvest maturity, hand harvesting, robotic harvesting of greenhouse crops, postharvest handling, grading and storage, fresh-cut salad processing, shelf-life evaluation, packaging, postharvest cooling, postharvest handling damage, GAP - Good Agricultural practices in Postharvest Handling, postharvest storage, postharvest disorders, food safety and hygiene, ready-to-eat, minimally processed produce, certification and food safety systems, and postharvest developments are also discussed.
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Morgan, Lynette. "Harvest and postharvest factors." In Hydroponics and protected cultivation: a practical guide, 268–90. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244830.0014.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This chapter discusses harvest and postharvest factors. Harvesting involves the gathering or removal of a mature crop, with minimum damage and losses, from where it has been grown and transporting it on either for direct consumption or into the postharvest handling chain for further storage and distribution. Determination of harvest maturity, hand harvesting, robotic harvesting of greenhouse crops, postharvest handling, grading and storage, fresh-cut salad processing, shelf-life evaluation, packaging, postharvest cooling, postharvest handling damage, GAP - Good Agricultural practices in Postharvest Handling, postharvest storage, postharvest disorders, food safety and hygiene, ready-to-eat, minimally processed produce, certification and food safety systems, and postharvest developments are also discussed.
Conference papers on the topic "Food handling – Safety measures"
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Hong, Chen. "Food handling practices and food safety risks in the Chinese rural households." In 2011 International Conference on Human Health and Biomedical Engineering (HHBE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hhbe.2011.6029081.
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Liu, Nan, Yan Chen, Yi Du, and Quanlei Luo. "Research on Safety Measures of Distributed PV generation System." In International Conference on Chemical,Material and Food Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cmfe-15.2015.176.
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"Food Handling Practices in Food Establishments and among Ambulant Vendors: Its Implications to Health Safety of Students." In Sept. 21-22, 2017 Cebu (Philippines). URUAE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/uruae.uh09171007.
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Rifqie Mariana, Rina, and Kun Aniroh Muhrofi-G. "The Strategy of Food Safety Handling Policy for Food Street Vendors as a Cultural Product and Culinary Tourism." In International Conference on Tourism, Gastronomy, and Tourist Destination (ICTGTD 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ictgtd-16.2017.15.
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Matahri, Naoëlle. "Impact of Deviations Handling on Outages." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60293.
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Based on the information provided by the operators, IRSN experts select and analyze different deviations presenting a possible generic nature which could affect the safety of power plants. Some of these deviations result in non-compliance (NC) with the safety requirements. To maintain an acceptable level of safety, an operator has to implement corrective measures for any situation of non-compliance with safety requirements. IRSN, the Technical Support Organization of the French Nuclear Authority, analyzes the different deviations to assess the impacts on the concerned NPPs safety. Based on the impact on safety, measures should be applied immediately or during the next outages, on a reactor or on several of them. The permanent corrective measures schedule is defined taking into account the “NC” safety impact. However, for some of the “NCs”, it can be difficult to define and implement swift permanent corrective measures, especially when the lack of compliance affects several similar units and requires a design change. This paper explains the French approach of deviations treatment and specifically the relationship between the Nuclear Safety Authority, the Technical Support Organization, IRSN and the Licensee, EDF during an outage.
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S, Sahu, and Lenka C. "Occupational Health Hazards of Women in Agriculture - A Study on Bargarh District of Odisha." In 2nd International Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Safety. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/agrofood.2021.1004.
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The woman is the backbone of the agricultural workforce but worldwide, her hard work has mostly been unpaid. The objective of the study was to find the common occupational health hazards in women agricultural workers and their effects and to find out the protective measures used by agricultural workers for the prevention of occupational health hazards. The present study was based on 110 samples of three villages of Bhatli Block in Bargarh District in the period of 2018-2019. The results revealed that physical hazards such as body pain (86.36%) and fatigues (83.63%) were most common in all agricultural activities. The majority of respondents (77.24%) had mechanical hazards, i.e. injury occur due to farm tools and machinery. Chemical hazards like skin problems affected 39.09% of workers, and environmental hazards such as air-borne allergies (32.72%), poisonous organism bites (21.81%) were found common among the respondents, and no association was found between their socio-economic levels in the relevance of occupational health hazard. The agricultural workers were usually careless towards the prevention of occupational hazards.
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M.H, Norlida, Mohammad Aufa M.B, Muhammad Naim Fadzli A.R, Mohd Shahril Shah M.G, and Czahari M. "Effect of Different Fertilizer Management on Water Quality in the Paddy Field." In 2nd International Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Safety. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/agrofood.2021.1002.
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Agricultural intensification is one of the major causes of water pollution. In recent decades, agricultural water quality degradation has become more severe, which in turn emphasizes the importance of improving and implementing sustainable agricultural practices. Precision agriculture variable rate fertilizer application technology is seen as a strategy to reduce environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilizer usage. Fertilizer input rate is altered within the field in response to factors affecting the optimal application rate. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of uniform rate and variable–rate (N) fertilizer management on surface water quality. Various physical and chemical water quality parameters at the water inlet, paddy field, irrigation canal, and drainage canals were also examined to evaluate seasonal water quality trends. Water sampling was carried out twelve times between September 2018 and July 2019, involving two cultivation seasons within a total of 60 hectares of paddy field in FELCRA Seberang Perak, Malaysia. All water quality measures fall within classes II to IV of the Malaysian National Water Quality Standards (NWQS) with the exception of P, Al, and Fe. In season one, 64% of P, 46% of Al, and 18% of Fe concentrations were found to exceed NWQS Class IV. However, the percentages were lower compared to season two. During the monitoring period, the average concentration of nitrate and ammonia in variable-rate plots was lower than uniform rate plots in both seasons. Furthermore, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, Cu, Fe, K, and Mn were significantly different between the two seasons of cultivation.
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El-Nemr, Israa, Mohanad Mushtaha, Hammad Asim, and Ipek Goktepe. "A survey on selfreported handling practices and food safety knowledge of workers at the major produce market in Qatar." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2018.eepd426.
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Bækbo, A. K., J. V. Petersen, M. H. Larsen, and L. Alban. "Handling of chronic cases of pyaemia/osteomyelitis in finishing pigs in Denmark – is de-boning necessary to maintain food safety?" In Fourth International Symposium on the Epidemiology and Control of Salmonella and Other Food Borne Pathogens in Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-272.
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Hoelzer, K., and S. Eskin. "Of (flying) pigs and (black) swans: strengths and limitations of a risk-based food safety system for handling potential emerging pork risks." In Fourth International Symposium on the Epidemiology and Control of Salmonella and Other Food Borne Pathogens in Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-248.
Full textReports on the topic "Food handling – Safety measures"
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Roy, Devesh, Gaurav Tripathi, Abu Hayat Md Saiful Islam, and Anjani Kumar. Contract farming, profitability, and adoption of food safety measures in broiler production in Bangladesh. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134431.
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Armstrong, Beth. Food Security in Northern Ireland, Food and You 2: Wave 1. Food Standards Agency, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.kfs776.
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Food and You 2 is a biannual survey which measures self-reported consumer knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to food safety and other food issues amongst adults in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The survey is primarily carried out online using a methodology known as ‘push-to-web’. Fieldwork for Food and You 2: Wave 1 was conducted between 29 July and 6 October 2020. A total of 9,319 adults from 6,408 households across England, Northern Ireland, and Wales completed the survey.
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Armstrong, Beth, Lucy King, Robin Clifford, and Mark Jitlal. Food and You 2 - Wave 2. Food Standards Agency, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.dws750.
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Food and You 2 is a biannual survey which measures self-reported consumer knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to food safety and other food issues amongst adults in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The survey is primarily carried out online using a methodology known as ‘push-to-web’. Fieldwork was conducted between 20 November 2020 and 21 January 2021. A total of 5,900 adults from 3,955 households across England, Wales and Northern Ireland completed the survey. Topics covered in the Food and You 2: Wave 2 Key Findings report include: Trust in FSA and the food supply chain Concerns about food Food security Eating out and takeaways Food allergy, intolerance, and other hypersensitivities Food safety in the home
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McPhedran, R., K. Patel, B. Toombs, P. Menon, M. Patel, J. Disson, K. Porter, A. John, and A. Rayner. Food allergen communication in businesses feasibility trial. Food Standards Agency, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.tpf160.
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Background: Clear allergen communication in food business operators (FBOs) has been shown to have a positive impact on customers’ perceptions of businesses (Barnett et al., 2013). However, the precise size and nature of this effect is not known: there is a paucity of quantitative evidence in this area, particularly in the form of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The Food Standards Agency (FSA), in collaboration with Kantar’s Behavioural Practice, conducted a feasibility trial to investigate whether a randomised cluster trial – involving the proactive communication of allergen information at the point of sale in FBOs – is feasible in the United Kingdom (UK). Objectives: The trial sought to establish: ease of recruitments of businesses into trials; customer response rates for in-store outcome surveys; fidelity of intervention delivery by FBO staff; sensitivity of outcome survey measures to change; and appropriateness of the chosen analytical approach. Method: Following a recruitment phase – in which one of fourteen multinational FBOs was successfully recruited – the execution of the feasibility trial involved a quasi-randomised matched-pairs clustered experiment. Each of the FBO’s ten participating branches underwent pair-wise matching, with similarity of branches judged according to four criteria: Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS) score, average weekly footfall, number of staff and customer satisfaction rating. The allocation ratio for this trial was 1:1: one branch in each pair was assigned to the treatment group by a representative from the FBO, while the other continued to operate in accordance with their standard operating procedure. As a business-based feasibility trial, customers at participating branches throughout the fieldwork period were automatically enrolled in the trial. The trial was single-blind: customers at treatment branches were not aware that they were receiving an intervention. All customers who visited participating branches throughout the fieldwork period were asked to complete a short in-store survey on a tablet affixed in branches. This survey contained four outcome measures which operationalised customers’: perceptions of food safety in the FBO; trust in the FBO; self-reported confidence to ask for allergen information in future visits; and overall satisfaction with their visit. Results: Fieldwork was conducted from the 3 – 20 March 2020, with cessation occurring prematurely due to the closure of outlets following the proliferation of COVID-19. n=177 participants took part in the trial across the ten branches; however, response rates (which ranged between 0.1 - 0.8%) were likely also adversely affected by COVID-19. Intervention fidelity was an issue in this study: while compliance with delivery of the intervention was relatively high in treatment branches (78.9%), erroneous delivery in control branches was also common (46.2%). Survey data were analysed using random-intercept multilevel linear regression models (due to the nesting of customers within branches). Despite the trial’s modest sample size, there was some evidence to suggest that the intervention had a positive effect for those suffering from allergies/intolerances for the ‘trust’ (β = 1.288, p<0.01) and ‘satisfaction’ (β = 0.945, p<0.01) outcome variables. Due to singularity within the fitted linear models, hierarchical Bayes models were used to corroborate the size of these interactions. Conclusions: The results of this trial suggest that a fully powered clustered RCT would likely be feasible in the UK. In this case, the primary challenge in the execution of the trial was the recruitment of FBOs: despite high levels of initial interest from four chains, only one took part. However, it is likely that the proliferation of COVID-19 adversely impacted chain participation – two other FBOs withdrew during branch eligibility assessment and selection, citing COVID-19 as a barrier. COVID-19 also likely lowered the on-site survey response rate: a significant negative Pearson correlation was observed between daily survey completions and COVID-19 cases in the UK, highlighting a likely relationship between the two. Limitations: The trial was quasi-random: selection of branches, pair matching and allocation to treatment/control groups were not systematically conducted. These processes were undertaken by a representative from the FBO’s Safety and Quality Assurance team (with oversight from Kantar representatives on pair matching), as a result of the chain’s internal operational restrictions.