Academic literature on the topic 'Food security – Tanzania – Zanzibar'

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Journal articles on the topic "Food security – Tanzania – Zanzibar"

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Jacobs, Zoe L., Fatma Jebri, Meric Srokosz, Dionysios E. Raitsos, Stuart C. Painter, Francesco Nencioli, Kennedy Osuka, et al. "A Major Ecosystem Shift in Coastal East African Waters During the 1997/98 Super El Niño as Detected Using Remote Sensing Data." Remote Sensing 12, no. 19 (September 23, 2020): 3127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12193127.

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Under the impact of natural and anthropogenic climate variability, upwelling systems are known to change their properties leading to associated regime shifts in marine ecosystems. These often impact commercial fisheries and societies dependent on them. In a region where in situ hydrographic and biological marine data are scarce, this study uses a combination of remote sensing and ocean modelling to show how a stable seasonal upwelling off the Kenyan coast shifted into the territorial waters of neighboring Tanzania under the influence of the unique 1997/98 El Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipole event. The formation of an anticyclonic gyre adjacent to the Kenyan/Tanzanian coast led to a reorganization of the surface currents and caused the southward migration of the Somali–Zanzibar confluence zone and is attributed to anomalous wind stress curl over the central Indian Ocean. This caused the lowest observed chlorophyll-a over the North Kenya banks (Kenya), while it reached its historical maximum off Dar Es Salaam (Tanzanian waters). We demonstrate that this situation is specific to the 1997/98 El Niño when compared with other the super El-Niño events of 1972,73, 1982–83 and 2015–16. Despite the lack of available fishery data in the region, the local ecosystem changes that the shift of this upwelling may have caused are discussed based on the literature. The likely negative impacts on local fish stocks in Kenya, affecting fishers’ livelihoods and food security, and the temporary increase in pelagic fishery species’ productivity in Tanzania are highlighted. Finally, we discuss how satellite observations may assist fisheries management bodies to anticipate low productivity periods, and mitigate their potentially negative economic impacts.
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Omar, Hassan, and Pedro Cabral. "Ecological Risk Assessment Based on Land Cover Changes: A Case of Zanzibar (Tanzania)." Remote Sensing 12, no. 19 (September 23, 2020): 3114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12193114.

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Land use and land cover (LULC) under improper land management is a major challenge in sub-Saharan Africa and has drastically affected ecological security. Addressing environmental impacts related to this challenge requires efficient planning strategies based on the measured information of land use patterns. This study assessed the ecological risk index (ERI) of Zanzibar based on LULC. A random forest classifier was used to classify three Landsat images of Zanzibar for the years 2003, 2009, and 2018. Then, a land change model was employed to simulate the LULC changes for 2027 under a business-as-usual (BAU), conservation, and extreme scenarios. Results showed that the built-up areas and farmland of Zanzibar Island have increased constantly, while the natural grassland and forest cover have decreased. The forest, agricultural, and grassland were highly fragmented into several small patches. The ERI of Zanzibar Island increased at a constant rate and, if the current trend continues, this index will increase by up to 8.9% in 2027 under an extreme scenario. If a conservation scenario is adopted, the ERI will increase by 4.6% whereas if a BAU policy is followed, this value will increase by 6.2%. This study provides authorities with useful information to understand better the ecological processes and LULC dynamics and prevent unmanaged growth and haphazard development of informal housing and infrastructure.
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Assey, V. D., T. Greiner, R. K. Mzee, H. Abuu, C. Mgoba, S. Kimboka, and S. Peterson. "Iodine Deficiency Persists in the Zanzibar Islands of Tanzania." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 27, no. 4 (December 2006): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482650602700402.

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Herrmann, Raoul, Ephraim Nkonya, and Anja Faße. "Food value chain linkages and household food security in Tanzania." Food Security 10, no. 4 (April 17, 2018): 827–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-018-0792-5.

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Arndt, Channing, William Farmer, Kenneth Strzepek, and James Thurlow. "Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security in Tanzania." Review of Development Economics 16, no. 3 (July 13, 2012): 378–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2012.00669.x.

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Wenban-Smith, Hugh, Anja Faße, and Ulrike Grote. "Food security in Tanzania: the challenge of rapid urbanisation." Food Security 8, no. 5 (September 8, 2016): 973–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-016-0612-8.

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Schindler, Jana, Frieder Graef, Hannes Jochen König, and Devotha Mchau. "Developing community-based food security criteria in rural Tanzania." Food Security 9, no. 6 (November 19, 2016): 1285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-016-0627-1.

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Lyakurwa, Ladigracia, Bonhee Chung, Deukjong Bae, and Youngkyoo Joo. "Factors affecting the household food security in Dodoma Municipal, Tanzania." Institute for Poverty Alleviation and International Development 25s (February 15, 2016): 185–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.18350/ipaid.2016.25s.185.

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Chipungahelo, Monica Samuel. "Knowledge sharing strategies on traditional vegetables for supporting food security in Kilosa District, Tanzania." Library Review 64, no. 3 (April 13, 2015): 229–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lr-10-2014-0105.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine knowledge sharing on traditional vegetables for supporting food security among farmers and other communities in Kilosa district, Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach – A case study design was employed. Semi-structured questionnaires with both open- and closed-ended questions were used to collect quantitative data in three wards of Kilosa District in Tanzania. Interviews were used to collect qualitative data from three heads of farmer groups, and direct observation was used to validate findings obtained from questionnaires. Findings – The results showed that farmers used a socialisation approach to share indigenous knowledge about traditional vegetables on production, consumption and preservation. Research limitations/implications – The study necessitates a need to conduct regular studies on sharing knowledge of traditional vegetables among different communities for supporting food security. Practical implications – The paper provides a framework for agricultural development planners on how to improve the management of indigenous knowledge on traditional vegetables with scientific knowledge in local communities for improving food security in Tanzania. Social implications – The paper has an implication for improving knowledge-sharing strategies on traditional vegetables in supporting food security in Tanzania, and other parts of Africa and developed countries. There is a need for knowledge intermediaries to develop knowledge database on production, consumption and preservation of traditional vegetable to increase the dissemination of this knowledge and, hence, improve nutrition and food security. Originality/value – The paper provides appropriate knowledge-sharing strategies which are needed to improve sharing of indigenous knowledge about traditional vegetables in Tanzania and other developed and developing countries.
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Shole, Robert N., and Kim A. Kayunze. "The Linkage between Institutional Changes and Food Security in Mtwara Region, Tanzania." Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/mjmbr.v6i1.471.

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This study focuses on the linkage between institutional changes and food security in Mtwara region. Institutional changes in terms of increase numbers of financial, commercial, hospitalizes, education, infrastructures and improved moral and altitudes of farmers have a direct relation with food availability and accessibility. Both formal and informal institutions have potentials to help improvement of food availability and accessibility. However, despite institutions dealing with food security having changed in Mtwara, food security is low. The fundamental question is which one among these institutions, has high impact on food security.This study sought to determine the linkage between institutional changes and food security in Mtwara region. The specific objectives of the study were to identify institutions existing and their functions at household level, analyze various sources of food grains and states of food security at the household level in Mtwara region, and assess the linkages between institutional changes and food security. Structured questionnaire, Focus Group Discussion and Oral interview had been useful for collecting primary information in which the best recorded interviewees were analyzed supplemented by documentaries (text and photography). Findings revealed that financial institutions and education have high impact on food security in the study area. Generally, this study concluded that banks, SACCOS, traditions (moral, attitudes, beliefs), and roadshave slightly difference effect on food security. Since 2010these institutions had been increased and improved and have a direct relation with food security.It is recommended that the, government and other stakeholders should create true transformation in rural people to provide them decent jobs, good living conditions, and different opportunities in order to maintain youth to stay in rural area for maximizing the food production. Further studies should be done on the factors influencing people to stay in rural areas in which agricultural activities are being done.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Food security – Tanzania – Zanzibar"

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Makame, Makame Omar. "Vulnerability and adaptation of Zanzibar east coast communities to climate variability and change and other interacting stressors." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011895.

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Climate variability and change as well as sea level rise poses significant challenges to livelihoods, water and food security in small island developing states (SIDSs) including the Zanzibar Islands. Thus, without planned strategic adaptation, the future projected changes in climate and sea level will intensify the vulnerability of these sensitive areas. This thesis is based on research conducted in two sites located in the north eastern parts of each island, namely Kiuyu Mbuyuni, Pemba Island and Matemwe, Unguja Island. The research focused firstly on assessing the vulnerability of these two coastal communities to climate variability and change and other stressors. This included investigation of (1) the perceptions of fishers, farmers and seaweed farmers regarding climate stressors and shocks and associated risks and impacts, (2) existing and possible future water and food security issues, and (3) household's access to important livelihood assets. This was followed by an exploration of the coping and adaptive responses of farmers, fishers and seaweed farmers to perceived shocks and stresses and some of the barriers to these responses. Lastly, an analysis of the implications of the findings for achieving sustainable coastal livelihoods and a resilient coastal community was undertaken. The general picture that emerges is that local people along the east coasts of both islands are already vulnerable to a wide range of stressors. Although variability in rainfall is not a new phenomenon in these areas, increasing frequency of dry spells and coastal floods resulting from the influence of El Niño and La Niña events exert enormous pressures on local activities (fishing, farming and seaweed farming) which are the crux of the local economy. The main argument of the study is that the nature and characteristics of these activities are the main source of sensitivity amongst these communities and this creates high levels of vulnerability to climate shocks and trends. This vulnerability is evidenced by the reoccurrence of localised food shortages and the observed food and water insecurity. The study found that food insecurity is a result of unreliable rainfall, drought and seasonality changes. These interacted with other contextual factors such as poor soil, low purchasing power and the lack of livelihood diversification options. In addition to exposure to these almost unavoidable risks from climate variability, the vulnerability of the local communities along the east coasts is also influenced by the low level of capital stocks and limited access to the assets that are important for coping and adaptation. Despite this, some households managed to overcome barriers and adapt in various ways both within the three main livelihood sectors (fishing, farming and seaweed farming) as well as through adopting options outside these sectors resulting in diversification of the livelihood portfolio. However, the study found that most of the strategies opted for by fishers, farmers and seaweed farmers were mainly spontaneous. Few planned adaptation measures supported by state authorities were observed across the sites, with the exception of the provision of motorised boats which were specifically meant to increase physical assets amongst fishers, reduce pressure in the marine conservation areas and prevent overfishing in-shore. Furthermore, numerous strategies that people adopted were discontinued when further barriers were encountered. Interestingly, some of the barriers that prevented households adapting were the same ones that forced households that had responded to abandon their adaptations. To increase resilience amongst east coast communities to current and future predicted changes in climate and sea level, the study argues that traditional livelihood activities (fishing, farming and seaweed farming) need to be better supported, and access to a range of livelihood assets improved. This may be achieved through increased access to local sources of water and facilitation of rainwater harvesting, expanding the livelihood options available to people and increasing climate change awareness, and access to sources of credit.
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Plass-Johnson, Jeremiah Grahm. "The trophic ecology of parrotfish of Zanzibar application of stable isotope analysis." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005477.

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Parrotfish are a critical component of the herbivore functional group on tropical coral reefs around the world because they mediate competition that occurs between algae and scleractinian corals. Also, because of their feeding technique, which consists of rasping at the substratum with their beak-like teeth, they play an important role in carbonate turnover and the clearing of reef surface area for the settlement of new sessile organisms. Because of these roles, parrotfishes are an important structuring component of coral reef communities. However, individual species can play different roles depending on their physiology, behaviour and ecology. Despite the possible ecological differences that may exist amongst species, specific roles of the fishes remain unclear as the group is most often studied at higher community levels. This thesis applied stable isotope analysis to differing levels of organisation within a parrotfish community to help elucidate their trophic ecology on coral reefs in Zanzibar. Firstly, blood and muscle tissues were compared to identify differences in their isotope signatures. In other organisms, blood turns over faster than muscle tissue so that muscle tissue represents the diet as integrated over a longer period of time. In most species of parrotfish the blood and muscle δ¹³C signatures were not found to be significantly different, but the δ¹⁵N signatures were significantly different between tissues. This indicated that the δ¹³C signature of both tissues would reveal similar dietary information. Conversely, differences in the δ¹⁵N signature indicated that the nitrogen relationship between tissues was more complicated. Secondly, spatial variability in parrotfish, coral, detritus and macroalgae isotope signatures was assessed at different scales. In macroalgae and coral tissues (zooxanthellae and polyp treated separately), the δ¹³C signatures were shown to differ with depth, presumably because of changes in photosynthetic processes related to depth-associated changes in light. While δ¹⁵N signatures were not affected by depth, all organisms showed enrichment at the Nyange reef, the closest reef to the capital of Zanzibar, Stone Town, presumably reflecting the effects of sewage outfall. These results show that processes that impact the δ¹⁵N signatures of primary producers (macroalgae and zooxanthellae) can be traced to higher trophic levels (coral polyps and fish). Lastly, δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N signatures were used to identify ontogenetic dietary changes in multiple species of parrotfish. Four of the species showed stages that varied from the diets that are normally assumed on the basis of their dentition and feeding technique. This indicates that functional roles based on taxonomy or morphology may fail to include possible ontogenetic dietary changes, and may also fail to elucidate the full impact a species could have on coral reef communities. The conclusions from these studies indicate that the species-specific ecological role of parrotfish in coral reef communities can be complex within and between species, and may differ amongst reefs. In light of the natural and anthropogenic pressures that affect coral reef systems, management decisions based on a more complete understanding of the role of these fish in coral reef communities will help decisions that maintain resilience in these fragile systems.
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Mintz-Habib, Nazia. "Biofuels and food security : case studies from Malaysia and Tanzania." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609790.

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Mwakatoga, Joyce Donald. "Improving Food Production and Food Security in Tanzania through a Youth DevelopmentProgram in Agriculture." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1469199250.

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Bell, Patrick. "Sustainable Intensification for Food Security and Climate Change Adaptation in Tanzania." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1468359165.

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Dye, Jennifer. "Food Security & Large-Scale Land Acquisitions: The Cases of Tanzania and Ethiopia." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427980600.

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Ndzelen, Maria Goretti Diane. "The impact of drought on household food security : a case study of Northern Tanzania." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4986.

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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)
With changes in climatic conditions being increasingly noticed around the world in the past 2 decades, drought has been identified as one of the main causes of food insecurity. Given the inseparable nature of food security and poverty, it has been impossible for Africa to attain the poverty reduction Millennium Development Goal as most of the continent still suffers food insecurity. Impacts of the drought described as one of the worst droughts which occurred in West an East Africa between 2009-2011, are still felt in some parts of Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti and parts of Northern Tanzania close to Kenya. With almost 70% of sub- Saharan Africa’s population involved in agriculture, the occurrence of drought not only causes failure in food production but also negatively impacts food security and increases poverty. Understanding the impacts of drought on household food security is important for reducing household’s risk of poverty. Following this the study proposes policies for reducing the impact of drought on food security and other policies that can ensure complete eradication of food insecurity.
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Kamuzora, Faustin. "Goodbye to Projects? ¿ A livelihoods-grounded audit of the Magu District Livelihoods and Food Security Project (MDLFSP) in Tanzania." Bradford Centre for International Development, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3041.

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Approaches to projects and development have undergone considerable change in the last decade with significant policy shifts on governance, gender, poverty eradication, and environmental issues. Most recently this has led to the adoption and promotion of the sustainable livelihood (SL) approach. The adoption of the SL approach presents challenges to development interventions including: the future of projects and programmes, and sector wide approaches (SWAPs) and direct budgetary support. This paper `A livelihoods-grounded audit of the Magu District Livelihoods and Food Security Project¿ is the ninth in the series of project working papers.
Department for International Development
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Lauritsen, Johanna. "The declining significance of seagrass-associated invertebrate gleaning for providing food security in Kaole, Tanzania." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388662.

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This thesis applies the food security concept to assess the significance of seagrass-associated invertebrate gleaning for providing food security in Kaole, Tanzania. It assesses the availability, accessibility, utilisation and stability over time of this food source. To explore this, a multi-strategy research design was used. Structured interviews were held with 30 gleaning women in Kaole, using a self-developed questionnaire designed to address the four components of the food security framework. Two focus group discussions were thereafter held to explore how local ecosystem services, in particular seagrass meadows, and their food provisioning services have developed over time. The findings show that a great majority of the women who engage in seagrass- associated gleaning in Kaole rate this activity as important or very important for providing food to the household. The seagrass-associated gleaning activities were perceived as important, despite the fact that most women also glean in the mangrove area and that almost all women have alternative incomes. However, seen from a strict food security perspective, it is questionable how significant this activity currently is for food security. The study found that availability has decreased and it is not a food source that is stable throughout the year. The findings also suggest that the mangrove-associated Terebralia palustris may be easier to utilise, considering that you can store it in a sack, without being kept cold. If mangrove related gleaning hence seems to play an increasingly important role in local food security, and is a fishery that is available in all seasons, this area is less accessible to potential gleaners with small children, elderly and people with physical disabilities. The study also found that the decline in seagrass-associated gleaning activities have coincided with a number of human stressors and deteriorating seagrass meadows. Despite its’ declining signinficance for food security, most women rate the seagrass-associated gleaning as important and want to protect this food source. Action should therefore be taken to sustainably preserve this provisioning resource. Bearing in mind the fine balance between ecological and food security needs, such measures need to be interdisciplinary. It also needs to involve different community members, as well as other stakeholders. More research would be needed to determine the nutritional content and potential toxic contents in the most fished invertebrate species.
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Kissloy, Luitfred Donacian [Verfasser]. "Food security outcomes of smallholders' integration in traditional agricultural value chains in Tanzania and Kenya / Luitfred Donacian Kissloy." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB), 2016. http://d-nb.info/1126665770/34.

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Books on the topic "Food security – Tanzania – Zanzibar"

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Seenappa, M. Household food security in Tanzania: A rapid assessment survey of few villages in Shinyanga, Mtwara, and Zanzibar. [Dar es Salaam?: s.n.], 1987.

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Zanzibar food security and nutrition policy. [Zanzibar]: Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, 2008.

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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ed. Trends in food insecurity in mainland Tanzania: Food security and nutrition analysis of Tanzania household budget surveys 2000/1 and 2007. Dar es Salaam: National Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs, 2010.

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Beall, Elizabeth. Bioenergy and food security: The BEFS analysis for Tanzania : sunflower biodiesel, water, and household food security. Rome: Bioenergy and Food Security Project, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2012.

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author, Hangi Monica A., and Mashindano Oswald author, eds. Climate, food, trade: Where is the policy nexus? : Tanzania. Geneva: CUTS International, 2013.

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Zanzibar. The Zanzibar Food Security and Nutrition Act: Act no. 5 of July 2011. Zanzibar: Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, 2011.

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Challenging nature: Local knowledge, agroscience, and food security in Tanga region, Tanzania. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006.

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Mongula, Benedict. Food security, appropriate technology, and micro-industry: The case study of drought areas of Rombo District in Tanzania. [Dar es Salaam: s.n., 2000.

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National, Nutrition Conference (3rd 2007 Dar es Salaam Tanzania). 3rd National Nutrition Conference: Nutrition in national development : proceedings of the 3rd National Nutrition Conference, 8th-10th May, 2007, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Food and Nutrition Centre, 2008.

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Ali, Fadhilla H. Survey of farmer's knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) on five food crops and poultry production for strategic extension campaign in Zanzibar, the United Republic of Tanzania. [Zanzibar?: s.n., 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Food security – Tanzania – Zanzibar"

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Carr, Marilyn, and Anna Makinda. "5. Tanzania - Women and Food Security." In Women and Food Security, 91–117. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446455.005.

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Andrew, Zirack. "Ban on Pigeonpeas from Tanzania and Its Impacts." In India–Africa Partnerships for Food Security and Capacity Building, 233–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54112-5_12.

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Mushi, Sebastian Sambuo, and Alefiya Doctor. "Production of Pulses in Tanzania: Opportunities and Challenges." In India–Africa Partnerships for Food Security and Capacity Building, 259–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54112-5_13.

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Kapunda, S. M. "Poverty Alleviation and Food Security in Tanzania: An Environmental Perspective." In Environment and Sustainable Development in Eastern and Southern Africa, 83–103. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26643-2_6.

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Kansal, Mitthan Lal, and Deogratius Nyamsha. "Challenges of Food Security in Tanzania: Need for Precise Irrigation." In Water Science and Technology Library, 363–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59148-9_25.

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Mkonda, Msafiri Yusuph. "Agricultural Sustainability and Food Security in Agroecological Zones of Tanzania." In Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, 309–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73245-5_9.

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Mugabe, Paschal Arsein. "Climate Variability and Food Security in Tanzania: Evidence from Western Bagamoyos." In Climate Change Management, 99–121. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28591-7_6.

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Shelukindo, H. B., E. Semu, B. M. Msanya, Bal Ram Singh, and P. K. T. Munishi. "Soil Organic Carbon Stocks of the Kitonga Catchment Forest Reserve, Tanzania: Variation with Elevation." In Sustainable Intensification to Advance Food Security and Enhance Climate Resilience in Africa, 315–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09360-4_17.

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Mtengeti, Ephraim J., Frank Brentrup, Eva Mtengeti, Lars Olav Eik, and Ramadhani Chambuya. "Sustainable Intensification of Maize and Rice in Smallholder Farming Systems Under Climate Change in Tanzania." In Sustainable Intensification to Advance Food Security and Enhance Climate Resilience in Africa, 441–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09360-4_24.

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Nombo, C. I., S. J. Kabote, D. P. Mamiro, G. Synnevåg, A. Z. Mattee, J. K. Urassa, and L. Matata. "Adaptation to Climate Change: Changing Gender Relations in the Meatu and Iramba Districts in Tanzania." In Sustainable Intensification to Advance Food Security and Enhance Climate Resilience in Africa, 587–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09360-4_31.

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Conference papers on the topic "Food security – Tanzania – Zanzibar"

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Tangwa, Elvis, Vit Voženílek, Jan Brus, and Vilem Pechanec. "CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL OF SELECTED LEGUME CROPS IN EAST AFRICA." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b1/v2/02.

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Land expansion to increase agricultural production in East Africa (Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda) will be limited by climate change. In this study, we predict landscape suitability for chickpea (Cicer arietinum), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), lentil (Lens culinaris), field pea (Pisum sativum) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) cultivated across diverse agro-ecological zones (AEZs) in East Africa from 1970 to 2070, under the 4.5 emission scenario. Our aim was to understand how suitability shifts among the AEZs might affect the agricultural potential of the selected crops. We use the geolocations of each crop together with response curves from the species distribution software, Maxent to fine-tune the expert based EcoCrop model to the prevailing climatic conditions in the study region. Our optimal precipitation and temperature ranges compared reasonably with the FAO base parameters, deviating by ±200mm and ±5oC, respectively. There is currently a high potential for lentil, pea and common bean in the region. However, under future climates, the suitability of common bean and lentil with a much narrow climate range will shrink considerably while pigeon pea and chickpea will continue to be suitable. Under projected climatic conditions, the agricultural potential of these legumes will be limited by drought or heat stress as landscape suitability will shift optimally toward the cool sub-humid (tcsh), and the cool semi-arid (tcsa) zones. Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda will be the most affected and will lose a large share of suitable arable land. Different adaptation measures will be needed to increase the agricultural potential and optimized production in vulnerable AEZs. In general, smallholder farmers will have to substitute lentil and common bean for chickpea and pigeon pea or other suitable substitutes to address food security issues. Notwithstanding the limitations of this study, our results highlight the vulnerability of legumes crops as well as their production zones which could be useful in the formulation of adaptation strategies for the East African region.
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