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Journal articles on the topic 'Food security – Zambia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Malambo, L. "FOOD SECURITY AND AGRICULTURAL MARKETING IN ZAMBIA." Agrekon 31, no. 4 (December 1992): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.1992.9524682.

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2

Nkomoki, William, Miroslava Bavorová, and Jan Banout. "Factors Associated with Household Food Security in Zambia." Sustainability 11, no. 9 (May 13, 2019): 2715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11092715.

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Food security is a global challenge and threatens mainly smallholder farmers in developing countries. The main aim of this paper is to determine factors that are associated with food security in Zambia. This study utilizes the household questionnaire survey dataset of 400 smallholder farmers in four districts conducted in southern Zambia in 2016. To measure food security, the study employs two food security indicators, namely the food consumption score (FCS) and the household hunger scale (HHS). Two ordered probit models are estimated with the dependent variables FCS and HHS. Both the FCS and HHS models’ findings reveal that higher education levels of household head, increasing livestock income, secure land tenure, increasing land size, and group membership increase the probability of household food and nutrition security. The results imply that policies supporting livestock development programs such as training of farmers in animal husbandry, as well as policies increasing land tenure security and empowerment of farmers groups, have the potential to enhance household food and nutrition security.
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3

Wineman, Ayala. "Multidimensional Household Food Security Measurement in Rural Zambia." Agrekon 55, no. 3 (July 2, 2016): 278–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.2016.1211019.

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4

Chomba, Doreen, Msiska K. K., Abass M. S., Mudenda M., and Mukuwa P.S.C. "Status of Maize Lethal Necrosis Disease in Zambia." African Phytosanitary Journal 2, no. 1 (November 1, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52855/kiad5607.

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Maize is a staple food in Zambia and contributes immensely to food security for smallholder farmers. Disease outbreaks such as Maize Lethal Necrosis Disease (MLND) can be a key constraint to maize production. This disease is caused by synergistic co-infection with Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus (MCMV) and any virus from the family Potyviridae, particularly, Sugarcane Mosaic Virus (SCMV), Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus (MDMV) or Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus (WSMV). In 2011, an outbreak of MLND affecting almost all of the currently grown commercial varieties posed a challenge to maize production in Kenya and it has since been reported in DR Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda causing yield losses of up to 100%. Despite MLND having been reported in some neighboring countries, there is no information on the status of the disease in Zambia. Additionally, there is a lot of grain and seed trade between Zambia and other countries among which MLND has been reported. The aim of this study was to establish: (a) the status of MCMV; (b) agricultural practices used by farmers and (c) insect vectors associated with MLND. A survey was conducted in nine (9) provinces of Zambia during 2014/2015 and 2015/ 2016 cropping seasons. Farmers’ maize fields were sampled at every five to ten-kilometer interval and tested using rapid diagnostic kits capable of detecting MCMV. Four hundred and nineteen samples collected all tested negative for MCMV. Zambian Agricultural Research Institute (ZARI), with all stakeholders in the maize value chain should continue implementing measures aimed at preventing the introduction of MLND in Zambia. Key words: Survey, MLND, Losses, food security
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5

Seshamani, V. "The impact of market liberalisation on food security in Zambia." Food Policy 23, no. 6 (December 1998): 539–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-9192(98)00061-x.

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6

Dorosh, Paul A., Simon Dradri, and Steven Haggblade. "Regional trade, government policy and food security: Recent evidence from Zambia." Food Policy 34, no. 4 (August 2009): 350–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2009.02.001.

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7

Subakanya, Mitelo, Gelson Tembo, and Robert Richardson. "Land Use Planning and Wildlife-Inflicted Crop Damage in Zambia." Environments 5, no. 10 (September 28, 2018): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments5100110.

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Damage to crops from wildlife interference is a common threat to food security among rural communities in or near Game Management Areas (GMAs) in Zambia. This study uses a two-stage model and cross-sectional data from a survey of 2769 households to determine the impact of land use planning on the probability and extent of wildlife-inflicted crop damage. The results show that crop damage is higher in GMAs as compared to non-GMAs, and that land use planning could be an effective tool to significantly reduce the likelihood of such damage. These findings suggest that there is merit in the current drive to develop and implement land use plans to minimize human-wildlife conflict such as crop damage. This is especially critical as Zambian conservation policies do not explicitly provide compensation for damage caused by wildlife.
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8

Hara, Masaya. "Regional Food Security to Cope with Agricultural Policy Changes in North-Western Zambia." Japanese Journal of Human Geography 69, no. 1 (2017): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4200/jjhg.69.01_009.

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9

Teweldemedhin, M. Y., and L. Mwewa. "Bio fuel production and its implication on food security: Case study from Zambia." African Journal of Agricultural Research 9, no. 5 (January 22, 2014): 577–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2013.7008.

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10

Resnick, Danielle, Steven Haggblade, Suresh Babu, Sheryl L. Hendriks, and David Mather. "The Kaleidoscope Model of policy change: Applications to food security policy in Zambia." World Development 109 (September 2018): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.04.004.

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11

Barratt, N., D. Chitundu, O. Dover, J. Elsinga, S. Eriksson, L. Guma, M. Haggblade, et al. "Cassava as drought insurance: Food security implications of cassava trials in Central Zambia." Agrekon 45, no. 1 (March 2006): 106–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.2006.9523737.

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12

Mwalupaso, Gershom Endelani, Shangao Wang, Aseres Mamo Eshetie, and Xu Tian. "Ameliorating Food and Nutrition Security in Farm Households: Does Informatization Matter?" Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 10, 2020): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020522.

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Improving food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa’s farm households has become a prominent priority subject for researchers and policymakers alike. Interestingly, it is realized through enhancement in dietary diversity and quality. To this end, better access to food and information is considered a prerequisite. Given that mobile phone coverage offers new prospects for increasing rural households’ access to information, can informatization (mobile phone used as a concrete example) possibly influence dietary diversity and quality? Cross-sectional data collected from farm households in Zambia is used to address this topic by applying the ordinary least square and endogenous switching regression (ESR). Household dietary diversity score was constructed based on a 7-days recall approach to measure consumption patterns. Our robust regression result indicates that mobile phone use positively and significantly influences dietary diversity and quality. Particularly, gender-disaggregated regression reveals that male-headed households have stronger positive associations than their counterparts. We also find that in comparison to non-adopters, adopters consume three more foods weekly. This is attributable to the income gains and increased frequency in information access on account of mobile phone adoption. Conversely, average consumption would increase by two more foods weekly if mobile phones were adopted in non-adopting households. Therefore, our study puts forwards substantial empirical evidence to warrant policy formulation directed at promoting informatization among farm households. Eventually, this could possibly recuperate dynamism in agricultural food production as food and nutrition security in farm households ameliorates.
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13

Jodlowski, Margaret, Alex Winter-Nelson, Kathy Baylis, and Peter D. Goldsmith. "Milk in the Data: Food Security Impacts from a Livestock Field Experiment in Zambia." World Development 77 (January 2016): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.08.009.

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14

Chompolola, Abson, and Oliver Kaonga. "Adoption of Conservation Agriculture in Zambia – The Case of Chongwe District." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (May 30, 2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n3p77.

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<p>The Zambian government and its cooperating partners have been trying to promote the use of conservation agriculture for improved food security and promotion of environmental sustainability. The methods used to promote conservation agriculture however are not adequately informed because no Zambia-specific studies have been done to explain adoption behaviour. This study aimed at explaining the factors that affect the adoption of conservation agriculture in Zambia using a case study.</p><p>A cross section survey of 200 randomly selected small scale farmers in Chongwe district was conducted using a structured questionnaire. Information collected included demographic characteristics of participating households, economic, as well as social characteristics. Respondents also provided information on the farming practices they are currently using vis a vis conservation agriculture.</p>A decision model was estimated using logistic regression and the results indicate that the adoption of conservation agriculture in the survey area is basically influenced by ownership of draft power, availability of labour, and the frequency of contact with the farmer support extension system. Potential to increase the adoption rate is plenty, but can only be tapped into if strategies and policies take into account the behavioural aspects of the adoption of the technology.
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15

Nkomoki, William, Miroslava Bavorová, and Jan Banout. "Adoption of sustainable agricultural practices and food security threats: Effects of land tenure in Zambia." Land Use Policy 78 (November 2018): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.07.021.

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16

Manda, Julius, Cornelis Gardebroek, Elias Kuntashula, and Arega D. Alene. "Impact of improved maize varieties on food security in Eastern Zambia: A doubly robust analysis." Review of Development Economics 22, no. 4 (July 22, 2018): 1709–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rode.12516.

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17

Tambo, Justice A., Mathews Matimelo, Mathias Ndhlovu, Fredrick Mbugua, and Noah Phiri. "Gender-differentiated impacts of plant clinics on maize productivity and food security: Evidence from Zambia." World Development 145 (September 2021): 105519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105519.

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18

Byron, Elizabeth, Antony Chapoto, Michael Drinkwater, Stuart Gillespie, Petan Hamazakaza, Thomas Jayne, Suneetha Kadiyala, Margaret McEwan, and Fiona Samuels. "AIDS and Agriculture in Zambia." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 28, no. 2_suppl2 (June 2007): S339—S344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15648265070282s213.

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Background Because agriculture is the livelihood base for the majority of people affected by AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, the interactions between AIDS and agriculture, and their implications for policy and programming, are of fundamental importance. Objective This paper summarizes evidence from three RENEWAL (Regional Network on AIDS, Livelihoods, and Food Security) research studies and one policy review on the interactions between AIDS and agriculture in Zambia and their implications for future policy and programming. Methods The unit of analysis adopted for each study varies, spanning the individual, household, cluster, and community levels, drawing attention to the wider socioeconomic landscape within which households operate. Results This paper identifies the ways in which livelihood activities, within the prevailing norms of gender, sexuality, and perceptions of risk in rural Zambia, can influence susceptibility to HIV, and how the nature and severity of the subsequent impacts of AIDS are modified by the specific characteristics and initial conditions of households, clusters, and communities. Conclusions The findings demonstrate the importance of studying the risks, vulnerabilities, and impacts of the AIDS epidemic in the context of multiple resource flows and relationships between and within households—and in the context of other drivers of vulnerability, some of which interact with HIV and AIDS. The paper addresses several factors that enable or hinder access to formal support programs, and concludes by highlighting the particular importance of engaging communities proactively in the response to HIV and AIDS, to ensure relevance, sustainability, and scale.
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19

Weiner, Dan, Sam Moyo, Barry Munslow, and Phil O'Keefe. "Land Use and Agricultural Productivity in Zimbabwe." Journal of Modern African Studies 23, no. 2 (June 1985): 251–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00000173.

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Given a continuation of current trends, with increasing population growth and declining food production, Southern Africa (excluding South Africa) which could nearly feed itself during 1979–81, will be only 64 per cent self-sufficient by the turn of the century. Zimbabwe has a particularly important rôle to play in trying to prevent such a disaster. It is by far the most important exporter of food and cash crops in the region, and has been allocated the task of co-ordinating a food-security strategy for the nine member-states of the Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference, namely Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
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20

Sitko, Nicholas. "The Social Life of Maize: Neo-liberalism, Food Security, and Non-market Exchanges in Southern Zambia." African Geographical Review 25, no. 1 (January 2006): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19376812.2006.9756191.

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21

Merten, Sonja, and Tobias Haller. "Property rights, food security and child growth: Dynamics of insecurity in the Kafue Flats of Zambia." Food Policy 33, no. 5 (October 2008): 434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2008.01.004.

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22

Battersby, Jane. "The Food Desert as a Concept and Policy Tool in African Cities: An Opportunity and a Risk." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (January 16, 2019): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020458.

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The idea that food insecurity can be resolved by increasing the presence of supermarkets has been gaining traction in African cities and has recently gained political traction in Africa. This paper interrogates the potential value and risks associated with the adoption of the discourse of the food desert in the African context. The paper draws on findings from a households survey, neighborhoods-scale food retail mapping and surveys, and city-wide supermarket mapping conducted in Cape Town (South Africa), Kisumu (Kenya), and Kitwe (Zambia). Following a discussion of why the concept is gaining traction, the paper identifies false assumptions associated with the food desert framing in Africa, namely: supermarkets provide better access to healthier food, low-income areas have poor access to healthy food; and food security can be reduced to economic and physical accessibility. The paper concludes that although the food desert concept may be valuable for African researchers to provoke debates about systemic inequality, the food desert policy narrative should be rejected as it is ill-informed by the lived experiences of food insecurity in African cities and may promote policy interventions that erode rather than enhance the capacity of the food system to meet the food security needs of African urbanites.
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23

Mubanga, Kabwe Harnadih, Bridget Bwalya Umar, Jane Muchabi, and Chishimba Mubanga. "What drives smallholder farmers’ crop production choices in Central Zambia? Lessons from the 2012/2013 agricultural season." Journal of Agricultural Studies 3, no. 2 (March 30, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v3i2.7125.

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The study, conducted in central Zambia was aimed at determining the major drivers of crop production choices among smallholder farmers. It utilized recent national crop production and utilization data; 200 semi-structured interview schedules, and key informant interviews conducted with smallholder farmers and experts from the agricultural sector in Zambia respectively. Results showed that despite being confronted by late on-set of rains and post germination crop attacks by army worms which made maize (Zea mays) production extremely precarious, 61.5% of the affected smallholder farmers replanted their cultivated land with maize. The farmers had a choice of whether to replant maize which had a ready market from the state agency, the Food Reserve Agency, or to plant a drought tolerant crop such as sorghum or millet which would have guaranteed them with household food security from own production. They mainly chose the former option. They increased production of other crops such as soya beans (Glycine max), sun flower(Helianthus annuus) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) when contract farming with private business entities became available. Markets determined smallholder farmers’ crop production choices more than household food security from own production or availability of climate information forecasting poor rainfall distribution. The study concludes that (i) prior knowledge of climate information does not necessarily result in a change of smallholder farmers’ crop production choices in response to a predicted climate anomaly, (ii) markets are a major determinant of crops cultivated by smallholder farmers, and hence adaptation measures involving crop diversification should be designed with market availability in mind.
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24

de Hoop, Jacobus, Valeria Groppo, and Sudhanshu Handa. "Cash Transfers, Microentrepreneurial Activity, and Child Work: Evidence from Malawi and Zambia." World Bank Economic Review 34, no. 3 (November 2, 2019): 670–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhz004.

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Abstract Cash transfer programs are rapidly becoming a key component of the social safety net of many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The primary aim of these programs is to help households improve their food security and to smooth consumption during periods of economic duress. However, beneficiary households have also been shown to use these programs to expand their microentrepreneurial activities. Cluster-randomized trials carried out during the rollout of large-scale programs in Malawi and Zambia show that children may increase their work in the household enterprise through such programs. Both programs increased forms of work that may be detrimental to children, such as activities that expose children to hazards in Malawi and excessive working hours in Zambia. However, both programs also induced positive changes in other child well-being domains, such as school attendance and material well-being, leading to a mixed and inconclusive picture of the implications of these programs for children.
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25

Mulenga, Gloria M., Lars Henning, Kalinga Chilongo, Chrisborn Mubamba, Boniface Namangala, and Bruce Gummow. "Insights into the Control and Management of Human and Bovine African Trypanosomiasis in Zambia between 2009 and 2019—A Review." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 5, no. 3 (July 11, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5030115.

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Tsetse transmitted trypanosomiasis is a fatal disease commonly known as Nagana in cattle and sleeping sickness in humans. The disease threatens food security and has severe economic impact in Africa including most parts of Zambia. The level of effectiveness of commonly used African trypanosomiasis control methods has been reported in several studies. However, there have been no review studies on African trypanosomiasis control and management conducted in the context of One Health. This paper therefore seeks to fill this knowledge gap. A review of studies that have been conducted on African trypanosomiasis in Zambia between 2009 and 2019, with a focus on the control and management of trypanosomiasis was conducted. A total of 2238 articles were screened, with application of the search engines PubMed, PubMed Central and One Search. Out of these articles, 18 matched the required criteria and constituted the basis for the paper. An in-depth analysis of the 18 articles was conducted to identify knowledge gaps and evidence for best practices. Findings from this review provide stakeholders and health workers with a basis for prioritisation of African trypanosomiasis as an important neglected disease in Zambia and for formulation of One Health strategies for better control and/or management of the disease.
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26

Masa, Rainier, Gina Chowa, and Victor Nyirenda. "Chuma na Uchizi: A Livelihood Intervention to Increase Food Security of People Living with HIV in Rural Zambia." Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 29, no. 1 (2018): 349–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2018.0024.

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27

Beattie, Shaun, and Susannah M. Sallu. "How Does Nutrition Feature in Climate-Smart Agricultural Policy in Southern Africa? A Systematic Policy Review." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052785.

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The ability to produce and supply more food that is both nutritious and environmentally sustainable is a momentous challenge facing Africa. Where climate change is expected to negatively impact the agricultural resource of many parts of Southern Africa specifically. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) has emerged as an approach considered capable of transforming and realigning agricultural systems to support food and nutritional security, and development under a changing climate. For sustainable food and nutrition security to be achieved, an effective policy environment is required that supports the widespread adoption of CSA application. In light of this context, this study aims to better understand nutrition’s current position within CSA-related policy at the national level by systematically reviewing all agriculture-related policy documents across Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia, published between 2010 and 2019. The main findings show that efforts to address nutrition are being made within all countries and a sizeable number of policies, with crop-diversification and intensification presented as popular practices promoted as part of CSA. Nonetheless, the widespread adoption of these efforts remains weak and policies lack detail and instruction for the delivery of nutritional security. Cross-ministerial collaboration is recognised as essential for an improved policy environment, but few provide plans to strengthen such linkages or to include nutritional strategies. Clearer actions and policy outlines that promote nutrition as part of CSA are necessary if more effective action is to be achieved.
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Simatele, Danny, and Munacinga Simatele. "Climate variability and urban food security in sub-Saharan Africa: lessons from Zambia using an asset-based adaptation framework." South African Geographical Journal 97, no. 3 (June 23, 2014): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2014.924873.

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29

Dumas, Sarah E., Luke Lungu, Nathan Mulambya, Whiteson Daka, Erin McDonald, Emily Steubing, Tamika Lewis, et al. "Sustainable smallholder poultry interventions to promote food security and social, agricultural, and ecological resilience in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia." Food Security 8, no. 3 (June 2016): 507–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-016-0579-5.

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Nkowani, Kenneth, Murray Mcgregor, and Barry Dent. "The Stagnation of Smallholder Agriculture in the Northern Region of Zambia: Problems, Conflicts and Production Systems." Outlook on Agriculture 24, no. 2 (June 1995): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709502400207.

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Food security is seriously threatened by the low productivity of smallholder farmers, endemic poverty and widespread land degradation in the Northern Region of Zambia, The challenge is how to raise smallholder productivity at farm level in the face of developmental conflicts caused by demographic change, economic growth, strife and insecurity. The government is caught between the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) drawn up to enable it to pay off its huge foreign debt on the one hand, and the need to cushion the vulnerable sections of society (mostly smallholder farmers) from the worst aspects of the monetary squeeze on the other, Current evidence points to a dangerous imbalance, with the poor being hit hardest, but there are further steps which could be taken to support smallholders.
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31

Waldman, Kurt B., Noemi Vergopolan, Shahzeen Z. Attari, Justin Sheffield, Lyndon D. Estes, Kelly K. Caylor, and Tom P. Evans. "Cognitive Biases about Climate Variability in Smallholder Farming Systems in Zambia." Weather, Climate, and Society 11, no. 2 (March 29, 2019): 369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-18-0050.1.

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Abstract Given the varying manifestations of climate change over time and the influence of climate perceptions on adaptation, it is important to understand whether farmer perceptions match patterns of environmental change from observational data. We use a combination of social and environmental data to understand farmer perceptions related to rainy season onset. Household surveys were conducted with 1171 farmers across Zambia at the end of the 2015/16 growing season eliciting their perceptions of historic changes in rainy season onset and their heuristics about when rain onset occurs. We compare farmers’ perceptions with satellite-gauge-derived rainfall data from the Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station dataset and hyper-resolution soil moisture estimates from the HydroBlocks land surface model. We find evidence of a cognitive bias, where farmers perceive the rains to be arriving later, although the physical data do not wholly support this. We also find that farmers’ heuristics about rainy season onset influence maize planting dates, a key determinant of maize yield and food security in sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings suggest that policy makers should focus more on current climate variability than future climate change.
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Arumugam, Surendran, Ramu Govindasamy, James E. Simon, Emil Van Wyk, Kenneth Chali, Mwangala Mbewe, Inonge Siziya, Steve Weller, and Xenia K. Morin. "African Indigenous Vegetables Production and Consumption Behavior of Farmers in Zambia: An Econometric Analysis." Technium Social Sciences Journal 8 (May 19, 2020): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v8i1.598.

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African indigenous vegetables (AIVs) have recently received wide attention for their contribution toward food and nutrition security. Promoting the production and consumption of AIVs is likely to mitigate food insecurity and alleviate malnutrition in the African region. To document and analyze existing patterns of AIV production in Zambia, farmers were surveyed in person using a structured questionnaire. A total of 300 farmers were selected from Lusaka (50), Katete (50), Chipata (75), Lundazi (75), and Petauke (75). Analysis of the survey results using logit model identified that those who farm less than 10 acres of farming land, were concerned about nutrition quality of AIVs, reported that price of farm produce is fixed by buyers, were registered as a member of any community group or association, received training related to nutrition and health, saved money for unexpected expenses, and were single are more likely than other farmers to produce AIVs for home consumption. Whereas, those who visited the nearest market two times or more, traded agricultural produce through intermediaries, owned a TV, earned an income above 30,000 kwacha and has a University degree are less likely to produce AIVs for home consumption. These results indicate that interventions aimed at increasing AIV production for home consumption should target specific groups of farmers rather than all farmers. This survey also captures the most common AIVs that are grown in these regions in Zambia: Sweet potato leaves, amaranth and orange sweet potato.
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33

Sauer, Christine M., Nicole M. Mason, Mywish K. Maredia, and Rhoda Mofya-Mukuka. "Does adopting legume-based cropping practices improve the food security of small-scale farm households? Panel survey evidence from Zambia." Food Security 10, no. 6 (November 19, 2018): 1463–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-018-0859-3.

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34

Ng'uni, Dickson, Graybill Munkombwe, Godfrey Mwila, Hannes Gaisberger, Joana Magos Brehm, Nigel Maxted, Shelagh Kell, and Imke Thormann. "Spatial analyses of occurrence data of crop wild relatives (CWR) taxa as tools for selection of sites for conservation of priority CWR in Zambia." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 2 (January 10, 2019): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262118000497.

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AbstractCrop wild relatives (CWR) are valuable gene pools for crop improvement and offer unique potential and opportunity for enhancing food security and adaptation to climate change. However, current actions towards conservation of plant genetic resources in Zambia do not adequately cover CWR occurring in the country. The article describes the process leading to the development of a national strategic action plan (NSAP) for the conservation and sustainable use of priority CWR in Zambia. Based on 59 prioritized crops, a partial checklist of 459 CWR taxa was generated from the national flora checklist of 6305 taxa. The generated CWR taxa were prioritized based on the socio-economic value of the related crop, their utilization potential in crop improvement, relative distribution and threat status to produce 30 prioritized CWR taxa. Occurrence data were compiled for all CWR inventory taxa and used in spatial analyses to establish species distribution, species richness, gaps in in situ conservation and genebank collections, and to identify priority sites for in situ conservation and ex situ collecting. Consistent with the national developmental agenda, along with the contribution of national stakeholders, spatial analyses of occurrence data of priority CWR taxa are valuable input for the development of the NSAP for the conservation and sustainable use of the priority CWR.
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35

Nyirenda, Vincent R., Christopher Kaoma, Sinyala Nyirongo, Chisala A. Lwali, and Chansa Chomba. "Social exchange and structuralist-constructivism approaches for enhanced ecotourism and food security in wildlife-agrarian mosaic landscapes: insights from eastern Zambia." International Journal of Tourism Policy 7, no. 2 (2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtp.2017.085293.

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Chomba, Chansa, Sinyala Nyirongo, Chisala A. Lwali, Christopher Kaoma, and Vincent R. Nyirenda. "Social exchange and structuralist-constructivism approaches for enhanced ecotourism and food security in wildlife-agrarian mosaic landscapes: insights from eastern Zambia." International Journal of Tourism Policy 7, no. 2 (2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtp.2017.10006009.

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Dumas, Sarah E., Luke Lungu, Nathan Mulambya, Whiteson Daka, Erin McDonald, Emily Steubing, Tamika Lewis, et al. "Erratum to: Sustainable smallholder poultry interventions to promote food security and social, agricultural, and ecological resilience in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia." Food Security 8, no. 3 (June 2016): 521–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-016-0590-x.

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Mzyece, Lillian, Mayumbo Nyirenda, Monde K. Kabemba, and Grey Chibawe. "Forecasting Seasonal Rainfall in Zambia – An Artificial Neural Network Approach." Zambia ICT Journal 2, no. 1 (June 29, 2018): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33260/zictjournal.v2i1.46.

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Weather forecasting is an ever-challenging area of investigation for scientists. It is the application of science and technology in order to predict the state of the atmosphere for a given time and location. Rainfall is one of the weather parameters whose accurate forecasting has significant implications for agriculture and water resource management. In Zambia, agriculture plays a key role in terms of employment and food security. Rainfall forecasting is one of the most complicated and demanding operational responsibilities carried out by meteorological services all over the world. Long-term rainfall prediction is even more a challenging task. It is mainly done by experts who have gained sufficient experience in the use of appropriate forecasting techniques like modelling. It is mainly done by experts who have gained sufficient experience in the use of appropriate forecasting techniques like modelling. In this paper, a rainfall forecasting model using Artificial Neural Network is proposed as a model that that can be 'trained' to mimic the knowledge of rainfall forecasting experts. This makes it possible for researchers to adapt different techniques for different stages in the forecasting process. We begin by noting the five main stages in the seasonal rainfall forecasting process. We then apply artificial neural networks at each step. Initial results show that the artificial neural networks can successfully replace the currently used processes together with the expert knowledge. We further propose the use of these neural networks for teaching such forecasting processes, as they make documentation of the forecasting process easier and hence making the educational process of teaching to forecast seasonal rainfall easier as well. Artificial Neural Networks are reliable, handle more data at one time by virtual of being computer based, are less tedious and less dependent on user experience.
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Ng’ombe, John N., Moses C. Tembo, and Blessing Masasi. "“Are They Aware, and Why?” Bayesian Analysis of Predictors of Smallholder Farmers’ Awareness of Climate Change and Its Risks to Agriculture." Agronomy 10, no. 3 (March 9, 2020): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030376.

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While climate change threatens global food security, health, and nutrition outcomes, Africa is more vulnerable because its economies largely depend on rain-fed agriculture. Thus, there is need for agricultural producers in Africa to employ robust adaptive measures that withstand the risks of climate change. However, the success of adaptation measures to climate change primarily depends on the communities’ knowledge or awareness of climate change and its risks. Nonetheless, existing empirical research is still limited to illuminate farmers’ awareness of the climate change problem. This study employs a Bayesian hierarchical logistic model, estimated using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) methods, to empirically determine drivers of smallholder farmers’ awareness of climate change and its risks to agriculture in Zambia. The results suggest that on average, 77% of farmers in Zambia are aware of climate change and its risks to agriculture. We find socio-demographics, climate change information sources, climate change adaptive factors, and climate change impact-related shocks as predictors of the expression of climate change awareness. We suggest that farmers should be given all the necessary information about climate change and its risks to agriculture. Most importantly, the drivers identified can assist policymakers to provide the effective extension and advisory services that would enhance the understanding of climate change among farmers in synergy with appropriate farm-level climate-smart agricultural practices.
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Zvavahera, Promise, and Farai Chigora. "Food and Nutrition Promotion: Feasibility of the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-Economic Transformation." Business and Management Horizons 3, no. 1 (June 11, 2015): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bmh.v3i1.7800.

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Zimbabwe has faced persistent droughts from around year 1990 to date posing a structural food security challenge to the populace. Recently, the government of Zimbabwe introduced a blue print to spearhead and map sustainable balance in tapping value from the available natural and man-made resources in the country. This is known as the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-economic Transformation Programme (Zim Asset). Amongst its prospects, agriculture and nutrition has been reckoned as a sustainable cluster for economic development. This study was undertaken one and half years after the implementation of Zim Asset as an evaluation mechanism on the successes and challenges faced in transforming the Zimbabwean economy with specific reference to the Food and Nutrition Cluster. The study employed both post positivism and interpretivism philosophies applying quantitative and qualitative approaches in gathering research data. The research instruments included documentary evidence, face to face in-depth interviews and focus groups. The in-depth interviews explored issues to do with resources allocation in line with the Zim Asset agriculture sustenance objectives. Focus was therefore, on the four Ministries supporting the Food and Nutrition Cluster. Eighty percent of the respondents reported that the economic blue print has not made any significant strides in improving the country’s agricultural performance and food security since the inception of Zim Asset in October 2013. It was noted that the country continued to import maize from Zambia and other countries in the region. The major reason for its lack of success was due to the unavailability of resources to support the programme and the fact that land was allocated to unproductive and cell phone farmers. There was consensus that land audit and recapitalisation of the agriculture sector were critical in achieving the desired outcomes. The study recommends that the programme be adequately funded, so that the country can become self-sufficient.
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Chihana, Sipiwe, and Jackson Phiri. "Application of IoT in Zambia’s FRA Grain Traceability Process." International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES) 6, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v6i4.9332.

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<p class="0papersubtitle">with advancement in technology, many sectors have seen growth and improvement in service delivery. Today, many areas such as health, transport and logistics, retailing among others have adopted the use of IoT. Agricultural sector has not been left out on the use of IoT. IoT is defined as a network of interconnected devices which can transfer data efficiently without human involvement. In agriculture, IoT can play a big role in increasing productivity and efficient storage management. Other applications include security, real-time object tracking and monitoring. In Zambia however, the agricultural sector through the Food Reserve Agency (FRA) while still underdeveloped, faces many challenges that range from spoilage, infestations, theft at site, spillage and storage among others. As the national food security agency, FRA has for many years been grappling with these challenges. In order to help curb theft problems, this study proposes the adoption of IoT and related technologies. The proposed IoT technologies will be a prototype model that will employ the use of GPS, RFID, PIR, Wireless radio communication module and the GSM technologies. The GPS will be used to monitor and track the location of the vehicle in transit using mobile and web applications. To curb theft of grain at stationary points, the system will use motion sensing through the use of PIR sensors, wireless radio communication module and the GSM/GPRS technologies. Lastly, RFID combined with GPRS and Arduino microcontroller will be responsible for grain bags tallying. </p><p class="0papersubtitle"> </p>
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Mupangwa, W., M. Mutenje, C. Thierfelder, M. Mwila, H. Malumo, A. Mujeyi, and P. Setimela. "Productivity and profitability of manual and mechanized conservation agriculture (CA) systems in Eastern Zambia." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 34, no. 5 (November 29, 2017): 380–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170517000606.

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AbstractClimate variability and declining soil fertility pose a major threat to sustainable agronomic and economic growth in Zambia. The objective of this study was to assess crop yield, land and labor productivity of conservation agriculture (CA) technologies in Eastern Zambia. On-farm trials were run from 2012–2015 and farmers were replicates of a randomized complete block design. The trials compared three CA systems against a conventional practice. Yield and net return ha−1 were determined for maize and legume yield (kg ha−1) produced by ridge and furrow tillage, CA dibble stick planting, CA animal traction ripping and direct seeding. The dibble stick, ripline and direct seeding CA systems had 6–18, 12–28 and 8–9% greater maize yield relative to the conventional tillage system, respectively. Rotation of maize with cowpea and soybean significantly increased maize yields in all CA systems. Intercropping maize with cowpea increased land productivity (e.g., the land equivalent ratio for four seasons was 2.01) compared with full rotations under CA. Maize/cowpea intercropping in dibble stick CA produced the greatest net returns (US$312-767 ha−1) compared with dibble stick maize-cowpea rotation (US$204-657), dibble stick maize monoculture (US$108-584) and the conventional practice (US$64-516). The net-return for the animal traction CA systems showed that maize-soybean rotations using the ripper were more profitable than the direct seeder or conventional ridge and furrow systems. Agronomic and economic benefits of CA-based cropping systems highlight the good potential for improved food security and agricultural productivity for smallholder farmers.
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Steinmaier, N. "POTENTIAL OF PASTURE LEGUMES IN LOW-EXTERNAL-INPUT AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE (LEISA). 2. FARMER ADAPTATION OF STARTER TECHNOLOGY BY FARMER RESEARCH GROUPS IN LUAPULA PROVINCE, ZAMBIA." Experimental Agriculture 37, no. 3 (July 2001): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479701003039.

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The participatory approach of Farmer Research Groups (FRGs) was used in Farmer Adaptation of Starter Technology (FAST) with small-scale farmers in Luapula Province, Zambia. The introduction of a starter technology proved to be a suitable method to induce self-help initiatives with farmers. Their first move in FAST related to the improvement of food security and income generation by the cultivation and marketing of new maize (Zea mays) varieties in wetlands during the dry and early rainy seasons. By informal on-farm seed multiplication the expenditure on external agricultural inputs was reduced. The technical aspects of the starter technology began with the integration of pasture legumes as a pioneer crop for green manuring purposes in maize production. In this respect, FRGs developed individual risk-aversion strategies to ensure early planting of the maize with the onset of the rains. The groups made adaptations such as biomass transfer, intercropping and crop rotations in order to integrate pasture legumes into current cropping systems for green manuring purposes.
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44

Gilson, Chipabika, Gonzalez Francisco, Georgina V. Bingham, and Mathews Matimelo. "Efficacy of a Pheromone Trap with Insecticide-treated Long-lasting Screen Against Fall Armyworm (faw), Spodoptera Frugiperda (lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Outlooks on Pest Management 29, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1564/v29_oct_08.

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Food Security is an issue that will impact everyone by 2050 and it is projected there will be a global crisis unless action is taken. Currently the fall army worm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a new pest to the Sub-Saharan region and the outbreaks over the past two years have been devastating. A promising novel technology is the combination of a pheromone lure from ChemTica Internacional S.A. and yellow long-lasting insecticide treated ZeroFly Screen from Vestergaard SA. To test this technology, we compared the attraction and mortality of traps made of old soda bottles in five different sites of Zambia with maize and wheat crops. Besides the attraction of the pheromone-baited traps we also compared the effect of the colour of the insecticidal net, between black and yellow screens. Our results showed that in all sites there were significant differences in trap catches between lure baited and non-baited traps. A total of 1129 FAW adults were trapped, of which 51.20% were from baited traps with the yellow long-lasting insecticide treated screen, 41.45% from traps baited and the black long-lasting insecticide treated screen and 7.35% from trap without lure or the insecticide treated screen. The trap with yellow insecticide treated screen was able to trap 110 more FAW than the black treated screen and the control. Significant differences were also observed in number of moths caught from each location and district. The highest catches were recorded from wheat crops at Zambia National Service (ZNS) Farm in Chongwe and Chaloshi farm in Chisamba districts, respectively, whilst the lowest catch was recorded in a maize field at Tugama farm in Chilanga district. It was also noticed that the pheromone used is specific to FAW as no other insects were recorded in all the sites. Therefore, the pheromone lure from ChemTica and the yellow long lasting insecticide treated screen from Vestergaard SA can be used in the integrated pest management of FAW in Zambia in both, maize and wheat, these complimentary methods include but are not limited to; the use of Biopesticides – fungal, viral or bacteria based products such as Metarhizium anisopliae or bacteria-based Bacillus thuringiensis that have proven effective against fall armyworm and have been used to control it in the US and Brazil.
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Khatiwada, Dilip, Pallav Purohit, and Emmanuel Kofi Ackom. "Mapping Bioenergy Supply and Demand in Selected Least Developed Countries (LDCs): Exploratory Assessment of Modern Bioenergy’s Contribution to SDG7." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 7091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247091.

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Bioenergy can play an important role in achieving the agreed United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and implementing the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, thereby advancing climate goals, food security, better land use, and sustainable energy for all. In this study, we assess the surplus agricultural residues availability for bioelectricity in six least developed countries (LDCs) in Asia and Africa, namely Bangladesh, Lao-PDR, and Nepal in Asia; and Ethiopia, Malawi, and Zambia in Africa, respectively. The surplus agricultural residues have been estimated using residue-to-product ratio (RPR), agricultural residues lost in the collection, transportation and storage, and their alternative applications. We use a linear regression model to project the economic potential of bioelectricity. The contribution of bioelectricity for meeting the LDCs’ electricity requirements is estimated in a time frame between 2017 and 2030. Our results reveal that the surplus biomass feedstock available from the agriculture sector could provide the total current electricity demand in Malawi alone, followed by Nepal (45%), Bangladesh (29%), Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao-PDR) (29%), Ethiopia (27%), and Zambia (13%). This study also explores the complementarity and synergies of bioelectricity, SDG7, and their interlinkages with other SDGs. Findings from the study show that providing access to sustainable energy in the LDCs to meet the SDG7 by 2030 might be a challenge due to limited access to technology, infrastructure, and finance. Site-specific investigations on how much agricultural residues could be extracted in an environmentally benign manner for bioelectricity and increased investment in the bioenergy sector are key potential solutions in a myriad of options required to harness the full energy potential in the LDCs.
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Sun, Jia-Wei, Hong-Ying Hu, Phillip O. Y. Nkunika, Peng Dai, Wei Xu, He-Ping Bao, Nicolas Desneux, and Lian-Sheng Zang. "Performance of Two Trichogrammatid Species from Zambia on Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Insects 12, no. 10 (September 23, 2021): 859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12100859.

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The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is a noctuid moth native to the tropical and subtropical Americas that has successfully invaded Africa and Asia, where it is has become a serious threat to food security as a pest of cereals and other crops. Biological control is an environmentally friendly means of combating the pest and contributes to an integrated pest management approach. In our study, two egg parasitoid species (Trichogramma mwanzai and Trichogrammatoidea lutea) found in parasitized fall armyworm eggs in Zambia were identified by using a combination of both molecular and morphological characteristics. To evaluate their potential and efficiency on 0- to 2-day-old fall armyworm eggs, we compared their parasitism capabilities with three Trichogramma species native to China (T. ostriniae, T. leucaniae and T. japonicum) under laboratory conditions. The results showed that both parasitoid species would accept 0-, 1- and 2-day-old fall armyworm eggs, and complete their development successfully. Trichogramma mwanzai and T. lutea preferred parasitizing 0- and 1-day-old eggs over 2-day-old eggs. Trichogrammatoidea lutea females supplied with fall armyworm eggs produced the highest parasitism rate of host eggs among the five tested species, while T. mwanzai had the shortest developmental time on all test age eggs. In general, T. lutea was the best performing of the five species when reared on fall armyworm eggs, while T. japonicum was the worst. There were no significant differences, however, in percent emergence in the five test species when reared on fall armyworm eggs.
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Chisanga, Charles, Elijah Phiri, and Vernon Chinene. "Statistical Bias Correction of Fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Data from the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security - Climate Portal for Mount Makulu, Zambia." British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 21, no. 4 (January 10, 2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjast/2017/33531.

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48

Bwalya, Richard, and Mabvuto Zulu. "The Role of Savings Group on the Nutritional and Economic Wellbeing of Rural Households: The Case of World Vision’s Savings for Transformation (S4T) in Zambia." Business and Economic Research 11, no. 2 (March 24, 2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v11i2.18451.

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Smallholders and the poor populations, especially in rural areas, tend to have little or no access to formal credit, which limits their capacity to invest in the technologies and inputs they need to increase their yields and incomes and reduce hunger and poverty. This mainly arises because financial institutions interested in serving this market face a myriad of risks and challenges associated with agricultural production and lending, including seasonality and the associated irregular cash flows, high transaction costs, and systemic risks, such as floods, droughts, and plant diseases. As a solution to the challenge of financial exclusion among the rural poor, several international development organizations have been using Village Savings and Lending Associations (VSLAs) as an alternative option to increasing financial inclusion among the rural communities in most developing countries. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, this study aimed to assess whether membership to these VSLAs results in significant improvements in household economic status as well as household food security. The results show that compared to non-members, members of these savings groups are more likely to have increased access to alternative and more sustainable financial tools. Membership to these savings groups is also associated with improved nutrition, education, living standards while the likelihood of being poor is also reduced.
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Bulawayo, Maio, Manenga Ndulo, and Justin Sichone. "Socioeconomic Determinants of Food Insecurity among Zambian Households: Evidence from a National Household Survey." Journal of Asian and African Studies 54, no. 6 (April 12, 2019): 800–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619841655.

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Meal frequency is an important indicator of food security and nutritional status. Defining food insecurity as a household’s inability to consume at least three meals a day, this study uses a logit model to investigate the socioeconomic determinants of food insecurity among Zambian households. Primary data from the 2010 Living Conditions Monitoring Survey data set developed by the Central Statistical Office were used. The 2010 Living Conditions Monitoring Survey used a nationally representative sample of about 20,000 households. This study found that urban households, households with higher income, and households with younger, more educated and male heads were more likely to be food-secure. Therefore, there is need to accelerate investments in formal education, narrow the rural–urban socioeconomic divide, and reduce gender inequities through deliberate policies to increase women’s access to and control over economic resources such as land.
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Phiri, Joseph, Karel Malec, Socrates Kraido Majune, Seth Nana Kwame Appiah-Kubi, Zdeňka Gebeltová, Mansoor Maitah, Kamil Maitah, and Kamal Tasiu Abdullahi. "Agriculture as a Determinant of Zambian Economic Sustainability." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 3, 2020): 4559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114559.

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For several years, the Zambian economy relied on the mining sector, which has been affected by fluctuations in commodity prices. The new century enhanced the calls for economic diversification, with the agricultural, manufacturing, and services sectors amongst those pronounced. This article focused on the role of agriculture in supporting the economy, particularly, the effect of agriculture on economic growth. The data analyzed was reviewed for the period 1983–2017. The ARDL Bounds Test was applied in order to meet the said objectives. The ECM results suggest that agriculture, manufacturing, services, and mining converge to an equilibrium and affect economic growth at the speed of adjustment of 90.6%, with the effect from agriculture, mining, and services being significant. The impact of agriculture on economic growth was significant in both the short-run and long-run, with coefficient unit effects of 0.428 and 0.342, respectively. The effects are strong because more than two-thirds of the rural population rely on farming, and agriculture has stood as a catalyst for food security. For the effect of agriculture to be much more profound, farmers must be supported with adequate infrastructure, accessibility to markets, farming inputs, better irrigation techniques, which would address the problem of reliance on rain, all of which were inconsistent in the last decade. Additionally, governments must ensure the institutionalization of food processing industries which add more value to the national income.
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