Journal articles: 'Food security – Zimbabwe'

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Tanyanyiwa, Shadreck. "Hunger by Choice? Rethinking Food Security Strategies." European Journal of Development Studies 1, no. 2 (June 23, 2021): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejdevelop.2021.1.2.17.

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Food insecurity is a global threat with devastating effects, particularly in ‘developing’ countries. This threat is worsened by a parochial perspective in most of southern Africa that associates food security with the major staple crop maize. This bias is witnessed in the amount of land, investments, research, and marketing allocated to maize, in comparison to traditional crops such as millet, rapoko and sorghum. However, increased investments in agriculture, particularly maize production has failed to translate to increased production of the crop, particularly in Zimbabwe. The vagaries of climate-change manifested through droughts, coupled with man-made policy disasters are evidence enough to factor diversified production systems to include traditional crops into the food security basket. Since independence in 1980, Zimbabwe has experienced more than a dozen drought periods, which translates into multi-million dollar food imports. To feed the growing number of food insecure people, the solution could be in the shunned small grains, whose resilience in harsh conditions compared to maize, calls for urgent transformation and orchestration of the food security basket. Through renewed focus on traditional crops, Zimbabwe and other countries in east and southern African could attain food secure status and ensure that food as a human right is available to all.

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Swire-Thompson, A. J. "ZIMBABWE—AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY POLICY, FOOD SECURITY AND TRADE." Agrekon 31, no. 4 (December 1992): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.1992.9524681.

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Gandure, Sithabiso, Scott Drimie, and Mieke Faber. "Food Security Indicators after Humanitarian Interventions Including Food Aid in Zimbabwe." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 31, no. 4 (December 2010): 513–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482651003100405.

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Sithole, Wonesai, and Jan K. Coetzee. "Food aid for internally displaced persons in Manicaland, Zimbabwe." Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 43, no. 1 (November 14, 2018): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0304-615x/5067.

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Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are among the most neglected and vulnerable populations in the world. There are few laws that protect them as the government is the instigator of the displacement and no government can be both perpetrator and protector. Food aid has become one of the major protective interventions aimed to enhance stability in settings of displacement. However, a major question is how food aid affects IDPs. The study on which this article is based, was designed to investigate and evaluate how food aid affects the lives of displaced persons. The focus is on understanding the effects of food aid on households’ food security, migration trends and asset loss during periods of displacement. The study employs the sustainable livelihood framework in analyzing the role of food aid on IDPs. It focuses on the relationship between food aid and livelihoods assets, and indicates how the transforming structures can be linked to food aid interventions. The findings show that food aid plays a significant role in cushioning displaced households provided that it is integrated with other sustainable livelihood interventions (such as those that promote the value of household assets and land holding). Due to denied access to land, IDPs are dependent on food aid for their household food security. Increased school attendance is noted because of food aid to IDPs but the absence of security of tenure hinders community driven effective alternatives to a food aid programme. If security of tenure is not addressed IDPs in Manicaland will find it difficult to deal with their food insecurity.

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N., Sakadzo, and Kugedera A. T. "The Use of Small Grains for Food Security and Climate Compliant In Dry Regions of Zimbabwe: A Review." Sumerianz Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary, no. 310 (October 17, 2020): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjav.310.143.149.

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Climate change has brought issues of total crop failure in dry regions in Zimbabwe as evidenced by total crop failure in 2010, 2015 and 2017 in some parts of Chivi which is one of the driest area in Zimbabwe. The paper highlights the use of small grains for food security and climate compliant in dry regions of Zimbabwe. This brings in an idea of growing small grain by farmers as means of improving food production in dry areas such as Chivi, Mwenezi and Chiredzi districts. Cereal production growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to decline by a net 3.2 percent in 2050 as a result of climate change. To mitigate this risk, there is need to improve productivity of small grains as climate compliant crops which can ameliorate poverty in Zimbabwe. Small grains are drought tolerant and perform better in dry regions than any other cereal crops. Sorghum and millet have the potential to contribute to food security to the world’s poorest agro-ecological regions.

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Madimu, Tapiwa. "Food Imports, Hunger and State Making in Zimbabwe, 2000–2009." Journal of Asian and African Studies 55, no. 1 (August 15, 2019): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619868735.

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This article uses hunger as a lens to explore how the process of state making in Zimbabwe between 2000 and 2009 negatively affected the country’s food security. Using Eriksen’s concept of state making, the study demonstrates how the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU PF) ruling regime concentrated more on accumulation and power retention at a time when government was expected to address the serious food shortages that the country was facing. The development of a different kind of state that had repressive and accumulation tendencies was signified in 2000 by the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) which was intended to appease the regime’s various constituencies. Taken together with other populist measures, particularly price freezes, the policies destroyed the country’s capacity to produce and manufacture food and pushed citizens to rely almost entirely on food imports (mainly from South Africa). The paper thus contributes to the literature on the Zimbabwean crisis by offering a different dimension, not only on the process of state making and how it caused hunger, but also on the specifics of how ordinary citizens were literally starving except those who could afford to buy imported food (particularly maize meal) from South Africa.

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Hove, Mediel, and Thomas Gweme. "Women's food security and conservation farming in Zaka District-Zimbabwe." Journal of Arid Environments 149 (February 2018): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.10.010.

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Vaze, Prabhat, Samuel Kudhlande, Jim Wright, and Stephen Gundry. "A Spatial Analysis of Household Grain Purchases in Zimbabwe's Liberalized Marketing System." Outlook on Agriculture 25, no. 1 (March 1996): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709602500107.

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In Zimbabwe, it was popularly believed that the rural areas were in grain surplus or at least self-sufficient. Therefore, after Independence, a subsidized and controlled public marketing system was developed to move all rural surpluses to urban households. This system, however, could not channel surpluses cheaply to deficit rural areas and therefore adversely affected rural food security. Recently, the Zimbabwean grain markets have been liberalized. More direct channels for rural consumers to access surplus production through the market have emerged which can potentially cut the marketing costs. These channels were studied in a food deficit area, Buhera District, and they are presented using a geographical information system (GIS) to demonstrate the spatial patterns in food purchases. The fieldwork took place during the first drought since liberalization and offers insights into the changing dynamics of this rural market at a time of food security stress.

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Zvavahera, Promise, and Farai Chigora. "Food and Nutrition Promotion: Feasibility of the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-Economic Transformation." Business and Management Horizons 3, no. 1 (June 11, 2015): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bmh.v3i1.7800.

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Zimbabwe has faced persistent droughts from around year 1990 to date posing a structural food security challenge to the populace. Recently, the government of Zimbabwe introduced a blue print to spearhead and map sustainable balance in tapping value from the available natural and man-made resources in the country. This is known as the Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-economic Transformation Programme (Zim Asset). Amongst its prospects, agriculture and nutrition has been reckoned as a sustainable cluster for economic development. This study was undertaken one and half years after the implementation of Zim Asset as an evaluation mechanism on the successes and challenges faced in transforming the Zimbabwean economy with specific reference to the Food and Nutrition Cluster. The study employed both post positivism and interpretivism philosophies applying quantitative and qualitative approaches in gathering research data. The research instruments included documentary evidence, face to face in-depth interviews and focus groups. The in-depth interviews explored issues to do with resources allocation in line with the Zim Asset agriculture sustenance objectives. Focus was therefore, on the four Ministries supporting the Food and Nutrition Cluster. Eighty percent of the respondents reported that the economic blue print has not made any significant strides in improving the country’s agricultural performance and food security since the inception of Zim Asset in October 2013. It was noted that the country continued to import maize from Zambia and other countries in the region. The major reason for its lack of success was due to the unavailability of resources to support the programme and the fact that land was allocated to unproductive and cell phone farmers. There was consensus that land audit and recapitalisation of the agriculture sector were critical in achieving the desired outcomes. The study recommends that the programme be adequately funded, so that the country can become self-sufficient.

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Weiner, Dan, Sam Moyo, Barry Munslow, and Phil O'Keefe. "Land Use and Agricultural Productivity in Zimbabwe." Journal of Modern African Studies 23, no. 2 (June 1985): 251–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00000173.

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Given a continuation of current trends, with increasing population growth and declining food production, Southern Africa (excluding South Africa) which could nearly feed itself during 1979–81, will be only 64 per cent self-sufficient by the turn of the century. Zimbabwe has a particularly important rôle to play in trying to prevent such a disaster. It is by far the most important exporter of food and cash crops in the region, and has been allocated the task of co-ordinating a food-security strategy for the nine member-states of the Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference, namely Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

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Mhlanga, Wilson, and Lindah Mhlanga. "Artisanal Fisheries in Zimbabwe: Options for Effective Management." International Journal of Environment 1, no. 1 (August 30, 2013): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v1i1.8526.

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The small-scale (artisanal) fisheries in Zimbabwe play an important role in income-generation and food security at the household level. This sector has the potential to significantly increase its contribution to household income and food security if more effective fisheries management strategies are put in place. Historically, fisheries management has adopted a centralised “Top-down” approach. This approach has had very limited effectiveness. Over the last decade, efforts have been made to implement co-management in the fisheries sector. Several factors have hampered the success of fisheries co-management in the artisanal fishery. These factors have been institutional, ecological, human and financial. This paper discusses these factors and proposes possible solutions. A more innovative and effective fisheries management approach is also proposed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v1i1.8526 International Journal of Environment Vol.1(1) 2013: 29-45

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Muchacha, Munyaradzi, and Mildred Mushunje. "The gender dynamics of climate change on rural women's agro-based livelihoods and food security in rural Zimbabwe: implications for green social work." Critical and Radical Social Work 7, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204986019x15491042559655.

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The impact of climate change is not gender-neutral. In this article, we argue that its impact on rural women's agro-based livelihoods and food security in Zimbabwe is underlined by unbalanced social and power relations and structural factors such as unequal access to the means of production. To that end, we involve green social work as a better positioned framework and practice to address the gendered implications of climate change surrounding rural women's livelihoods and food security in Zimbabwe. Its significance relates to its holistic nature, which can enable social workers to tackle various multidimensional issues that underlie environmental crises, such as gender inequality and poverty. Additionally, green social work has a crucial focus on policy formulation, political engagement, the protection of the environment and strengthening the resilience and coping strategies of communities.

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13

James, Nick. "Household Food Security and Regional Geography: Livelihood Prospects in Nembudziya, Northwestern Zimbabwe." Geography Compass 2, no. 5 (July 24, 2008): 1337–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2008.00141.x.

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14

Jayne, T. S., and Lawrence Rubey. "Maize milling, market reform and urban food security: The case of Zimbabwe." World Development 21, no. 6 (June 1993): 975–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(93)90055-e.

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15

Nephawe, Ndivhoniswani, Marizvikuru Mwale, Jethro Zuwarimwe, and Malose Moses Tjale. "The Impact of Water-Related Challenges on Rural Communities Food Security Initiatives." AGRARIS: Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Research 7, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/agraris.v7i1.9935.

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Water scarcity has been a critical concern in many countries of the world. The same concern has been discussed, analyzed and researched at different platforms to find better solutions to the challenges of water scarcity, and in most cases water scarcity directly influence food security in terms of food production. South Africa, being one of the water scarce countries that derives its food from the agricultural sector; water scarcity remains at the centre stage of the national socioeconomic debate. Water scarcity is one of the major challenges in many countries such as Zimbabwe and Ethiopia particularly for the farmers. However, there is insufficient information on the impact of water scarcity challenges on rural communities’ food security initiatives. This review is focused on unearthing water scarcity challenges in rural communities, their impact on agriculture and ultimately food security initiatives. This paves way for possible research areas, practical implications and strategies to mitigate water security effects on food security.

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16

Rubhara, Theresa Tendai, Maxwell Mudhara, Oluwaseun Samuel Oduniyi, and Michael Akwasi Antwi. "Impacts of Cash Crop Production on Household Food Security for Smallholder Farmers: A Case of Shamva District, Zimbabwe." Agriculture 10, no. 5 (May 25, 2020): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050188.

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Zimbabwe has recently experienced a considerable shift towards the production of more cash crops, such as tobacco, at the expense of food crops. Although cash cropping has been associated with increased income, the question is whether the income gained from cash crops would be enough to provide the food needs of farming households. This research was conducted to analyse the impact of cash crops on household food security. A cross-sectional survey consisting of 281 randomly selected smallholder farmers in Shamva District was used for primary data collection. Data were analysed using the Tobit regression model and Propensity score matching (PSM). The household dietary diversity score (HDDS) was used to measure food security. The PSM results showed a positive impact of cash crop production on the HDDS. This could be attributed to the income effect of cash cropping. Furthermore, Tobit regression results showed that cash crop production (p < 0.1), non-farm income (p < 0.01), total arable land (p < 0.05) and access to draft power (p < 0.05) positively influenced household food security. Household size negatively impacted food security (p < 0.05). While the results from this study suggest the need to promote cash crop production, it should not be regarded as the panacea for addressing food insecurity. There is a need for further research to derive optimum combinations of cash and food crops in the crop mixture for smallholder farmers to achieve food security. Furthermore, opportunities for off-farm livelihood options should be developed, since non-farm income had a positive effect on food security.

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Mpofu, Raphael T. "Macroeconomic variables and food price inflation, nonfood price inflation and overall inflation: A case of an emerging market." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 7, no. 2 (2017): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv7i2art4.

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The paper analyses the association between certain macroeconomic variables and food price inflation, non-food price inflation and overall inflation in Zimbabwe, and also seeks to determine the level of association between these variables, given food security implications and overall well-being of its citizens. The study reveals that during the 2010 to 2016 period, Zimbabwe experienced stable food prices—annual food price inflation for food and non-alcoholic beverages averaged a relatively low growth rate of 0.12% monthly, while non-food inflation monthly growth rate was 0.09% and overall inflation growth rate was 0.11%. Although inflation from 2010 had been declining, of late, the increase in annual inflation has been underpinned by a rise in non-food inflation. Zimbabwe’s annual inflation remains lower than inflation rates in other countries in the region. Despite the increases lately in overall inflation, it remained below zero in January 2016, mostly driven by the depreciation of the South African rand and declining international oil prices. It should also be noted that domestic demand continued to decline in 2015, leading to the observed decline in both food and non-food prices. While food inflation has remained relatively low, it should be noted that non-food expenditures is significant component of the household budget and the rising prices result often lead to declining purchasing power and force households to make difficult choices in terms of their purchases. The findings of the study are food inflation has a low association with the independent variables under study; Zimbabwe broad money supply, rand-dollar exchange rates and the South Africa food inflation. There is, however, a very strong association between non-food inflation and these independent variables, as well as between overall inflation and the independent variables. Given the mostly rural population and the high level of unemployment in Zimbabwe, it can be surmised that the distributional burden of the effects of rising non-food prices between 2009 and 2016 fell mostly on these vulnerable groups as they had the lowest disposable income. In addition, it can also be surmised that domestic production can cushion the impact of rising prices in general, particularly on food. A deliberate policy of increasing domestic food production would therefore go a long way in ensuring lower price changes of both food and non-food items.

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Mandisvika, Gladys, Innocent Chirisa, and Elmond Bandauko. "Post-Harvest Issues: Rethinking Technology for Value-Addition in Food Security and Food Sovereignty in Zimbabwe." Advances in Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences - Open Journal SE, no. 1 (October 15, 2015): S29—S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/aftnsoj-se-1-105.

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Admire, Jongwe. "Synergies between urban agriculture and urban household food security in Gweru City, Zimbabwe." Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics 6, no. 2 (February 1, 2014): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jdae2013.0506.

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Gwetsayi, Rufaro, T., Lighton Dube, and Clayton Mashapa. "Urban Horticulture for Food Security and Livelihood Restoration in Mutare City, Eastern Zimbabwe." Greener Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 3 (October 20, 2016): 056–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjss.2016.3.082116130.

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Bhalla, Garima, Sudhanshu Handa, Gustavo Angeles, and David Seidenfeld. "The effect of cash transfers and household vulnerability on food security in Zimbabwe." Food Policy 74 (January 2018): 82–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.11.007.

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Tambo, Justice A., Monica K. Kansiime, Ivan Rwomushana, Idah Mugambi, Winnie Nunda, Catherine Mloza Banda, Shingirayi Nyamutukwa, Fernadis Makale, and Roger Day. "Impact of fall armyworm invasion on household income and food security in Zimbabwe." Food and Energy Security 10, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fes3.281.

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Nyikahadzoi, Kefasi, Byron Zamasiya, George Alex Muchinako, and Charles Dziro. "Enhancing Social Support System for Improving Food Security Among the Elderly Headed Household in Communal Areas of Zimbabwe." Journal of Food Research 2, no. 3 (May 14, 2013): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v2n3p46.

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The study sought to establish factors that contribute towards food security among elderly headed households and then seek ways of enhancing them. The study was conducted in Mudzi District in Mashonaland East Province of Zimbabwe. Data was collected from wards 11, 12 and 16. The study used cross sectional household data collected using a structured questionnaire. Two measures of food security are used; namely household food insecurity access score and household dietary diversity score. The results showed that food insecurity access score was statistically higher for elderly headed household when compared to those headed by younger people. The study revealed that social capital, remittances, and off farm income generating projects can increase the elderly headed household’s likelihood of being food secure. The study also showed that public assistance is not making a positive contribution towards food security of elderly headed household. This paper argues that it is important for government and civil society to promote social capital and support channels of remittances to elderly headed households in communal areas.

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Jayne, T. S., T. Takavarasha, and Johan van Zyl. "INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FOOD MARKET REFORM AND REGIONAL TRADE IN ZIMBABWE AND SOUTH AFRICA: IMPLICATIONS FOR FOOD SECURITY." Agrekon 33, no. 4 (December 1994): 184–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.1994.9524783.

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Nhemachena, Charles. "Economic impacts of climate change on agriculture and implications for food security in Zimbabwe." African Journal of Agricultural Research 9, no. 11 (March 14, 2014): 1001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2012.6685.

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Jiri, Obert, PL Mafongoya, and P. Chivenge. "Climate smart crops for food and nutritional security for semi-arid zones of Zimbabwe." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 17, no. 03 (July 31, 2017): 12280–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.79.16285.

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Mango, Nelson, Byron Zamasiya, Clifton Makate, Kefasi Nyikahadzoi, and Shephard Siziba. "Factors influencing household food security among smallholder farmers in the Mudzi district of Zimbabwe." Development Southern Africa 31, no. 4 (April 25, 2014): 625–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0376835x.2014.911694.

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Marambanyika, Thomas, Heinz Beckedahl, and Njoya Silas Ngetar. "Community strategies to promote sustainable wetland-based food security in rural areas of Zimbabwe." GeoJournal 82, no. 5 (June 1, 2016): 987–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10708-016-9724-0.

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Mapfumo, Alexander. "Food Security Amongst Small Grains and Long Grains Smallholder Farmers of Masvingo Province in Zimbabwe." Journal of Social Economics Research 4, no. 2 (2017): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.35.2017.42.22.30.

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Niassy, S., R. Musundire, S. Ekesi, and A. van Huis. "Edible insect value chains in Africa." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 4, no. 4 (December 7, 2018): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2018.x005.

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This special issue was organised in the context of the 22nd meeting of the Association of African Insect Scientists (AAIS), in Wad Medani, Sudan in 2017. The aim was to ‘support impactful research that will yield genuine edible insects products and sustain value chains that enhance food and nutritional security and support sustained livelihoods in Africa’. The issue is composed of contributions from the following countries: Kenya, Uganda, Burundi, Nigeria, Mali, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Malawi, and Zimbabwe. The issue attempted to strengthen the traditional inventory and perception studies and emphasise on contributions that explore entrepreneurial developments of insects use as food and livestock feed. The issue also looked at emerging R&D and innovations to enhance the use of insects to improve food and nutritional security and as a major sector in economic development in Africa.

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Shumba, Knowledge, Stanislous Zindiye, and Gift Donga. "Challenges faced by franchise entrepreneurs operating in a volatile business environment: a case of the fast food industry in Harare, Zimbabwe." Problems and Perspectives in Management 15, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.15(2-2).2017.12.

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Franchising plays a pivotal role in sustainable economic development through employment creation, improving the standards of living and increasing the growth of entrepreneurship worldwide. However, the volatile business environment in Zimbabwe has a negative impact on the growth of franchising in the fast food industry. The aim of the study was to uncover the challenges of franchising in a volatile business environment in Zimbabwe. The study focused on an under studied area of franchising in the fast food industry of Zimbabwe. The study is important, as franchising can be used as a tool for economic growth and the study breaks a new ground, as no similar studies have been conducted to identify the challenges faced by franchise entrepreneurs in a volatile business environment. Ten qualitative interviews were successfully conducted with franchise entrepreneurs using face to face semi structured interviews as data collection method and thematic coding was used to analyze the collected data. The findings of the study indicate that franchise entrepreneurs face difficulties in obtaining operating licences from the Harare’s City Municipal Authorities and registering their businesses. Electricity power cuts severely affect the operations of fast food businesses. The majority of the entrepreneurs do not have adequate capital to expand and grow their businesses and they fail to meet lending requirements from the financial institutions, top-most among them being the provision of collateral security accompanied by rigid application procedures for funding. Recommendations made include that the government must play an active role in promoting franchising by setting up a vibrant franchise board and speeding up the business registration process.

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Kurebwa, Jeffrey. "Micro-finance as a Tool for Financial Access, Poverty Alleviation and Women Empowerment in Bindura District, Zimbabwe." Studies in Social Science Research 1, no. 1 (May 9, 2020): p21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sssr.v1n1p21.

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The purpose of this study was to understand the role of micro-finance as a tool for women empowerment in Bindura Rural District of Zimbabwe. Qualitative methodology was used. Data collection methods used included semi-structured interviews, documentary search. The respondents for the study were drawn from rural women who had accessed loans from MFI, managers of MFI and the Zimbabwe Association of Micro Finance Institutions. The study found out that access to credit has positive outcomes on production, income, and consumption at household and macro-economic levels. Rural women in Zimbabwe lack adequate access to formal credit. The study found that that lack of adequate access to credit have significant negative effect on technology adoption, agricultural productivity, food security, nutrition, health, and overall welfare. The study concludes that the lack of collateral of the poor, their demand for smaller loans, and high transaction cost associated with small loans are the main factors that the poor are excluded from formal credit services.

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Musundire, R., C. J. Zvidzai, C. Chidewe, B. K. Samende, and A. Chemura. "Habitats and nutritional composition of selected edible insects in Zimbabwe." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 2, no. 3 (June 15, 2016): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2015.0083.

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Edible insects are gaining recognition as food with potential of contributing to attainment of household food security. In sub-Saharan Africa, sustainable use of insects as food is threatened by lack of data on host plants and habitatassociations. In addition, lack of nutritional data on most edible insects reduces consumer confidence and limits integration of insect consumption with other food sources. This study was undertaken to review, collate and assembledispersed information of some edible insects of Zimbabwe. Data on species identities, host plants and habitats weregathered for 14 species from reputable literature sources and Bulawayo Natural History Museum records. In addition, nutritional assessments were carried out on 10 widely consumed insects in Zimbabwe. Standard ecological samplingprocedures were used to collect insect specimens. Proximate analyses were conducted following the Association of Official Analytical Chemists standard procedures using dried pulverised material. Majority (60%) of reviewedinsects had reliable host plants and habitats records. More than half of these were recorded in agro-ecosystems. On dry matter basis, protein content ranged from 22%(Gryllotalpa africana) to 55.4% (Gonimbrasia belina); fat content ranged from 10.8% (G. africana) to 41.6% (Macrotermes natalensis). Ash content was >10% in the ground dwelling G. africana (12.6%) and Eulopida mashona larvae (10.9%). Wide species differences were recorded for carbohydrate content; 0.4% in M. natalensis and 47.2% in G. africana. Carbohydrates content was inversely relatedto protein and fat contents for all insects. Energy and fat contents were positively related in all the insects. Overall, insect species from this study have high proximate constituents that can match plant and animal products diets andcan be considered as potential viable alternative nutritious food sources. Findings from this study are expected to promote greater recognition of insects as food in Zimbabwe and encourage up-scaling of their sustainable utilisation.

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N Munyawarara and K K Govender. "Re-engineering the Growth and Sustainability of Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Agrarian Sector in Zimbabwe." Restaurant Business 118, no. 10 (October 18, 2019): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i10.9334.

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SMEs in the agrarian sector of some developing nations are performing poorly, and reengineering them is viewed as one of the primary strategies for effective growth and sustainability of the agrarian sector. The contribution and impact of strategies for reengineering the growth of SMEs in the agrarian sector have not been fully explored. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the impact of strategies for reengineering the growth of SMEs and agriculture development in Zimbabwe, during the period 2015-2020. The results from a survey of SMEs in the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe revealed that the growth of SMEs in the agrarian sector will impact food security, the standard of living of communities, increase employment,economic growth and market share.

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Chihambakwe, Michelle, Paramu Mafongoya, and Obert Jiri. "Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture as A Pathway to Food Security: A Review Mapping the Use of Food Sovereignty." Challenges 10, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe10010006.

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Renewed interest in the nexus between sustainability and food security has led to growing discussions on the use of food sovereignty principles in agricultural practice. As a result of the transfiguration of the urban and socioeconomic landscape in the global South, urban and peri-urban agriculture has been touted as a potential response to increasing food insecurity in cities. Yet, both urban and peri-urban agriculture and food sovereignty have attracted cursory scholarship and programming in Zimbabwe due to fixation on more dominant rural and conventional agriculture. Beyond the rudimentary idea that the urban landscape is unfit for food production, literature has demonstrated that urban households have ingrained urban and peri-urban agriculture into their livelihoods. Regardless, institutional arrangements governing the practice remain ambivalent towards the practice, bringing to question the ability of households to fully exploit the benefits of the practice. This review underscores that failure to involve of all stakeholders undermines urban and peri-urban agriculture, consequently leading to heightened food insecurity and use of unsustainable practices. By delving into the political economy of food, we hope to stimulate discussion centered on food sovereignty within and urban spaces and beyond.

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Mazzeo, John. "THE DOUBLE THREAT Of HIV/AIDS AND DROUGHT ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY IN SOUTHEASTERN ZIMBABWE." Annals of Anthropological Practice 35, no. 1 (May 2011): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2153-9588.2011.01073.x.

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Kutyauripo, Innocent, Nyaradzo Prisca Mavodza, and Christopher Tafara Gadzirayi. "Media coverage on food security and climate-smart agriculture: A case study of newspapers in Zimbabwe." Cogent Food & Agriculture 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1927561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2021.1927561.

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Muringai, Rodney T., Denver Naidoo, Paramu Mafongoya, and Shenelle Lottering. "The Impacts of Climate Change on the Livelihood and Food Security of Small-Scale Fishers in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." Journal of Asian and African Studies 55, no. 2 (October 3, 2019): 298–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619875769.

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Small-scale fisheries play a significant role as a source of employment, livelihood strategy and contributor to food security. However, changes in climatic variables alter the productivity and distribution of marine and freshwater fish species, negatively affecting the livelihoods of fishery-dependent communities. This study seeks to identify small-scale fishers’ livelihoods and examine the impacts of climate change on livelihoods and food security of small-scale fishing households. The study was conducted in Sanyathi fishing basin in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. The Sustainable Livelihood Approach framework of the Department for International Development was used to define the small-scale fishers’ livelihood assets and activities. The study employed a mixed-method approach for data collection. A pretested, semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussions and observations were used to collect data from the small-scale fishers. The data collected were subjected to descriptive and bivariate analysis. The present results indicate that fishing is the community’s primary livelihood activity. More than 62% of fishermen stated that fishing revenue is declining, owing to declining fish catches. Of participants, 98% recognised food purchases as the primary source of food. Therefore, 78% of the small-scale fishers perceive their households to be food insecure due to declining incomes from fisheries. These findings show the need for policymakers and development agencies to formulate strategies that specifically target fishing communities whose livelihoods rely on natural ecosystems.

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Chipfunde, Onismus, and Mhosisi Masocha. "Screening Non-Improved Zimbabwean Sorghum Land Races for Resistance to Witch Weed." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 20, no. 1 (December 11, 2017): 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v20i1.34889.

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Sorghum is an important cereal for food security in semi-arid regions of the world (Mukarumbwa and Mushunje 2010). Semi-arid regions are characterized by frequent droughts leading to crop failure. In addition to drought, sorghum production in the smallholder farming sector in Sub-Saharan Africa can be undermined by the parasitic witch weed Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze (Stroud, 1993). S. asiatica parasitism can cause cereal yields to drop by as much as 60% hence it poses a threat to food security (Mabasa, 1993). The aim of this study is to screen sorghum landraces for S. asiatica resistance and test the escape hypothesis through a controlled in a pot experiment. A pot experiment was established on 1 March 2013 at the Henderson Research Station in Zimbabwe. It is situated in agro-ecological region II of Zimbabwe. The annual average rainfall is 864 mm. Mean annual temperature is 21 oC (Mujere and Mazvimavi, 2012). The dominant soil type is red clay loam belonging to the fersiallitic group (Wulff et al. 2002). Four sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) landraces consisting of two early maturing and two late maturing varieties were obtained from the National Genebank in Harare for this experiment. The early maturing landraces were Tsveta and Nhongoro while the late maturing landraces were Musoswe and Khaki. The biological characteristics of these landraces including days to 50% flowering is shown in Table 1.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2017, 20(1): 106-108

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Amusan, Lere. "Development from the bottom : small and medium farm holders empowerment and challenges of food security in Zimbabwe." Ubuntu : Journal of Conflict Transformation 7, no. 1 (June 14, 2018): 157–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2050-4950/2018/v7n1a8.

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Sakadzo, Nyasha, Jeremiah Mavugara, and Ashel Musara. "A Critical Review of Value Chain for Irish Potato in Zimbabwe with Specific Regards to the Economic Policy: A Review." Agricultural Science 2, no. 2 (July 16, 2020): p42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/as.v2n2p42.

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Potato production and consumption are booming worldwide, greater quantity of it is being processed into food and snacks. It is the most important horticultural crop which is a good substitute for maize to supplement carbohydrates. It was declared a national strategic food security crop on 18 May 2012 by the government of Zimbabwe. This paper critically review the value chain of Irish potato in Zimbabwe with a focus on its any government policy and support with regards to promoting the crop and key stakeholders involved in the value chain. The Irish potato value chain in Zimbabwe has great potential to improve and if well supported, it can contribute to the GDP of the country. This can be done if the government improve on its policy implementation through capacity development of its research and extension workers and more resources have to be availed to this area has showed great potential in terms of marketing and production. The key drivers at production level who will help in ensuring that necessary interventions are carried out to improve long term performance of the Irish potato value chain operate in an enabling environment. This is done by offering incentives to the potato farmers and all the value chain players. The economy of a country is driven by having well thought out policies and interventions that can even subsidies inputs and other raw material required along the value chain.

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MUPUNGA, I., S. L. LEBELO, P. MNGQAWA, J. P. RHEEDER, and D. R. KATERERE. "Natural Occurrence of Aflatoxins in Peanuts and Peanut Butter from Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Journal of Food Protection 77, no. 10 (October 1, 2014): 1814–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-129.

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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that may contaminate food and pose a health risk, especially in developing countries, where there is a lack of food security and quality is subsumed by food insufficiency. Aflatoxins are the most toxic known mycotoxins and are a significant risk factor for liver and kidney cancer, teratogenicity, undernutrition, and micronutrient malabsorption in both humans and animals. The main aim of the study was to determine the extent of fungal and aflatoxin contamination in peanuts and peanut butter being sold in both the formal and informal markets in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Eighteen peanut samples and 11 peanut butter samples were purchased from retail shops and the informal market. Fungal contamination was determined using standard mycology culture methods, while aflatoxin contamination was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography–fluorescence detection. Four of the six peanut samples tested for fungal contamination were infected with Aspergillus flavus/parasiticus, ranging from 3 to 20% of the kernels examined, while 27% (3 of 11) of the peanut butter samples were infected with A. flavus/parasiticus. Ninety-one percent (10 of 11) of the peanut butter samples were contaminated with aflatoxins (mean, 75.66 ng/g, and range, 6.1 to 247 ng/g), and aflatoxin B1 was the most prevalent (mean, 51.0 ng/g, and range, 3.7 to 191 ng/g). Three of the 18 peanut samples were contaminated with aflatoxins (range, 6.6 to 622 ng/g). The commercial peanut butter samples had very high aflatoxin levels, and manufacturers should be sensitized to the detrimental effects of aflatoxins and measures to reduce contamination.

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Page, Sam L. J., and Hel�n E. Page. "Western hegemony over african agriculture in Southern Rhodesia and its continuing threat to food security in independent zimbabwe." Agriculture and Human Values 8, no. 4 (September 1991): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01530650.

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Wright, Jim, Prabhat Vaze, and Stephen Gundry. "The Role of Policy in the Encroachment of Maize Cultivation in Semi-Arid Zimbabwe." Outlook on Agriculture 27, no. 2 (June 1998): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709802700206.

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For many areas of smallholder dryland agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa, cultivation of drought-resistant small grains such as millets and sorghum offer reliable harvests and food security. Despite this, the area given over to maize in such semi-arid areas has been increasing, although there is a risk of crop failure associated with its longer growing season. The influence of agricultural policy on this change in cropping patterns is examined here in the context of Zimbabwe. It is argued that despite the official extension advice discouraging maize cultivation, other aspects of policy have indirectly contributed to this change in cropping patterns. These aspects include seed supply, changes in producer prices, and the operation of the drought relief programme.

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Mhlanga, David, Steven Henry Dunga, and Tankiso Moloi. "FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION AMONG SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN ZIMBABWE." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE 8, no. 3 (2020): 168–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15604/ejef.2020.08.03.004.

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The study sought to investigate the impact of financial inclusion on poverty reduction in Zimbabwe among the smallholder farmers. It is alleged that financial inclusion can help in achieving seven of the seventeen sustainable development goals (SDGs), which include poverty eradication in all its forms everywhere, ending hunger, achieving food security, ensuring improved nutrition as well as promoting sustainable agriculture and many others. Using the simple regression method, the study discovered that financial inclusion has a strong impact on poverty reduction among smallholder farmers. The study went on to discover that, for the government to tackle poverty especially among the smallholder farmers, it is important to ensure that farmers do participate in the financial sector through saving, borrowing and taking out insurance among other services. So, it is important for the government of Zimbabwe to fully implement policies that encourage financial inclusion such as making sure that farmers find it easy to access financial institutions and encouraging financial institutions to review transaction costs like bank account opening charges periodically, implementing financial education programs among the farmers because these variables are important in influencing farmers to participate or preventing them from using financial services.

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Chazovachii, Bernard, Cephas Mutami, and John Bowora. "COMMUNITY GARDENS AND FOOD SECURITY IN RURAL LIVELIHOOD DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL AND MARKET GARDENS IN MBERENGWA, ZIMBABWE." Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences 13, no. 1 (January 28, 2013): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2013-01.02.

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Nyikahadzoi, Kefasi, Ozias Mombo, Byron Zamasiya, and Providence Warinda. "Enhancing Household Food Security Under Changing Climatic Conditions: A Case Study of Gokwe North and Hurungwe Districts in Zimbabwe." Journal of Agricultural & Food Information 18, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10496505.2017.1297239.

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Kusena, Winmore, Heinz Beckedahl, and Sumaiya Desai. "Civil Society and Residents’ Coping Strategies with Water Shortages and Household Food Insecurity in Gweru, Zimbabwe." Journal of Arts and Humanities 6, no. 2 (February 28, 2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v6i2.1067.

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<p>Domestic water shortages are distressing many urban areas in developing countries and require well planned and sustainable coping strategies in order to bequeath citizens decent lives. The objectives of this paper were to identify water related civil society groups present in Gweru; reveal devised coping strategies to combat water shortages and household food insecurity; and challenges faced by civil society and residents in obtaining sustainable coping strategies. A survey was conducted through interviews, questionnaires and observations as data collection instruments. The findings show that residents relied on borehole drilled in their respective areas by the municipality, Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and through individual initiatives. Although public boreholes were available, they were found at an average of only two in a given residential area, regardless of its population. Residents also collected water in containers during late hours of the night or early hours of the day. Gweru residents in addition devised strategies to cope with household food insecurity caused by water shortages and high monthly water bills. Combined with the aforementioned water shortage coping strategies, the stratagem by residents included coming up with payment plans, denying city personnel access into their premises for water disconnection; and self-reconnection in the event of disconnection. Community gardens initiated by Non-Governmental Organisations and food imports from neighbouring countries were some of the adaptive mechanisms dealing with household food insecurity. However, despite resolute efforts by civil society and residents to muddle through water supply and food security challenges, the city needs financial aid to enhance service provision that does not solely relying on residents. Financial injection and investment in sustainable alternative water sources for the city’s multiple uses will go a long way in solving the water shortages and food insecurity without further exposing citizens. </p>

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Moyo, Funa, and Clifford Mabhena. "Harnessing Mineral Resources in Gwanda District of Zimbabwe: A Myth or a Reality?" International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 38 (August 2014): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.38.1.

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The article examines strategies of harnessing mineral resources for community empowerment, poverty reduction and infrastructure development in mining areas of Zimbabwe. Despite abundant mineral resources, the majority of Zimbabwean indigenous communities living close to the mines have limited access to directly or indirectly benefit from the mineral resources. Using a descriptive survey to collect data, this research article gives a strong proposition on how the Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Act can be used as a vehicle of harnessing mineral resources. The article argues that pro poor mining policies that ensure the harnessing of mineral resources for community empowerment, poverty reduction and infrastructure development are paramount. The article further argues that the Indigenous and Economic Empowerment Act needs to be harmonised with other sector legislation in the country. The article concludes that the development of infrastructure and provision of public utilities such as electricity, water, establishing micro-credit to small and medium enterprises and implementing broad-based indigenisation policies are some of the strategies of improving rural livelihoods. Similarly direct and indirect linkages between the mining sector and local economy could be enhanced through the provision of food supply to the mine, manufacture of mining inputs, provision of security services and supply of labour by the local community. The article recommends that the harmonisation of legislation that has an effect on harnessing of mineral resources by local communities will ensure community empowerment, poverty reduction and infrastructure development.

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SIBANDA, ANDREW, SABINE HOMANN-KEE TUI, ANDRÉ VAN ROOYEN, JOHN DIMES, DANIEL NKOMBONI, and GIVIOUS SISITO. "UNDERSTANDING COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS OF LAND USE CHANGES IN THE RANGELANDS, ZIMBABWE." Experimental Agriculture 47, S1 (January 2011): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447971000092x.

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SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to investigate the user communities' understanding and interpretation of changes in rangeland use and productivity in the communal lands of Zimbabwe. While external knowledge has been instrumental in defining the drivers and effects of ecological changes hitherto, the role of local knowledge is becoming increasingly important in explaining factors that inform user community perceptions and guide their decisions on the use of rangeland resources. Data on community perceptions were collected in four villages, using Participatory Rural Appraisals in each village and household surveys with a total of 104 households. This study showed that user communities in Nkayi district differentiate rangelands among seven categories of livestock feed resources and how these have changed over time. Communities viewed rangelands not as one continuous, designated and specialized land parcel, but differentiated the land by location, productivity, management and uses in different times of the year. Although land use changes affecting these livestock feed resources were considered to be widespread and multi-directional (both negative and positive) they did not cause widespread degradation. Rangelands converted to croplands were not completely lost, but became important dual purpose land parcels fulfilling both household food security needs and dry season livestock feed requirements. The importance of croplands as a feed resource is reflected in the emergence of new institutions governing their use for livestock grazing and to guarantee security of tenure. On the other hand institutions governing the use of common property rangelands decreased or weakened in their application. The study concludes that while this situation presents ecological challenges for the rangelands, it offers opportunities to find innovative ways of utilizing croplands as the new frontier in the provision of dry season feed resources to smallholder farmers in highly variable environments. Implications for livestock water productivity need to be investigated and water saving technologies should be promoted in the land use intensification processes.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Food security – Zimbabwe'

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