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Journal articles on the topic 'Forager worker bees'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Sushil, Kumar. "Effect of Biopesticide Neem oil on Amino Acid contents of Foragers honeybee Apis mellifera L." International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews 6, no. 1 (2019): 924–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15380690.

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ABSTRACTThe effect sublethal concentrations (¼ and ½ of LC50 at 96 hrs.) of biopesticide neem oil – 25 EC was studied on the forager bees (25 days old worker bees) of Italian honeybee Apis mellifera L. The results indicated that there were no significant alteration in total amino acid contents in forager bees at either sublethal concentration level-1(¼ of LC50 at 96 hrs) or concentration-2 (½ of LC50 at 96 hrs.) of neem oil treated bees over control bees. Although field experiments are inevitable for further confirmations of lethality of neem oil on honeybees.

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2

Sokół, Rajmund, and Maria Michalczyk. "Detection of Nosema spp. in worker bees, pollen and bee bread during the honey flow season." Acta Veterinaria Brno 85, no. 3 (2016): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201685030261.

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Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae are responsible for nosemosis in the honey bee (Apis mellifera). The aim of the study was to identify Nosema spp. during the honey flow season in bee colonies, for co-infection or no infection with Nosema apis/Nosema ceranae. Hive bees, forager bees, pollen grains brought by them, and bee bread were analysed. In the infected group, 12 of 30 samples of hive bees were infected with Nosema ceranae, 7 were co-infected, 3 were infected with Nosema apis. In samples of forager bees, 21 of 30 were co-infected, 8 were infected with Nosema ceranae. The analysis of pollen d

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3

Rahman, Seydur, Ibamelaker Thangkhiew, and Sudhanya R. Hajong. "Hypopharyngeal Gland Activity in Task-Specific Workers Under Brood and Broodless Conditions in Apis Cerana Indica (Fab.)." Journal of Apicultural Science 58, no. 2 (2014): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2014-0022.

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Abstract The hypopharyngeal gland (HPG) is the principal organ of protein synthesis in honey bees. It is involved in larval rearing. We examined the fresh head weight, HPG acini diameter, and HPG protein content in worker bees engaged in different tasks and under brood and broodless conditions. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the HPG acini diameter of worker bees was related to their task. The highest HPG volume was found in nurse bees, and the volume regressed when the task changed from guarding to foraging. The fresh head weight was positively correlated with HPG acini diameter. A

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Ihle, Mutti, Kaftanoglu, and Amdam. "Insulin Receptor Substrate Gene Knockdown Accelerates Behavioural Maturation and Shortens Lifespan in Honeybee Workers." Insects 10, no. 11 (2019): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10110390.

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In animals, dietary restriction or suppression of genes involved in nutrient sensing tends to increase lifespan. In contrast, food restriction in honeybees (Apis mellifera) shortens lifespan by accelerating a behavioural maturation program that culminates in leaving the nest as a forager. Foraging is metabolically demanding and risky, and foragers experience increased rates of aging and mortality. Food-deprived worker bees forage at younger ages and are expected to live shorter lives. We tested whether suppression of a molecular nutrient sensing pathway is sufficient to accelerate the behaviou

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Sokół, Rajmund, and Maria Michalczyk. "Detection of Nosema spp. in Worker Bees of Different Ages During the Flow Season." Journal of Apicultural Science 56, no. 2 (2012): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10289-012-0020-z.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to identify which Nosema species infect those Apis mellifera worker bees performing different functions in the colony. Samples were taken from different places inside and outside the hive, in the honey flow season. In February 2010, winter hive debris from 30 colonies was analyzed, and based on the microsporidian species identified by multiplex PCR. The following bee colonies (none of which displayed clinical symptoms of the disease) were selected for further analyses to determine the occurrence of microsporidian parasites: 1) colony A/C infected with Nosema

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6

Cameron, Sydney A., Sarah A. Corbet, and James B. Whitfield. "Bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus terrestris) collecting honeydew from the giant willow aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Journal of Hymenoptera Research 68 (February 25, 2019): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.68.30495.

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Only rarely have bumble bees (Bombus) been observed collecting honeydew from aphids (Aphididae) feeding on phloem sap. This behavior may be rare because the percentage of sugar in honeydew egested from aphids is generally well below the sugar concentration in floral nectars preferred by bumble bees. Nonetheless, in August 2018, near St. Buryan, Penzance, Cornwall, UK (56.0602N; -5.6034W) we observed large numbers of wild Bombusterrestris (Linnaeus) collecting honeydew from a colony of the giant willow aphid Tuberolachnussalignus Gmelin feeding on the stems of the willow Salixalba. Unlike aphid

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Cameron, Sydney A., Sarah A. Corbet, and James B. Whitfield. "Bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus terrestris) collecting honeydew from the giant willow aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Journal of Hymenoptera Research 68 (February 25, 2019): 75–83. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.68.30495.

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Only rarely have bumble bees (Bombus) been observed collecting honeydew from aphids (Aphididae) feeding on phloem sap. This behavior may be rare because the percentage of sugar in honeydew egested from aphids is generally well below the sugar concentration in floral nectars preferred by bumble bees. Nonetheless, in August 2018, near St. Buryan, Penzance, Cornwall, UK (56.0602N; -5.6034W) we observed large numbers of wild Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus) collecting honeydew from a colony of the giant willow aphid Tuberolachnus salignus Gmelin feeding on the stems of the willow Salix alba. Unlike ap

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8

Okada, Ryuichi, Hidetoshi Ikeno, Hitoshi Aonuma, Midori Sakura, and Etsuro Ito. "Honey Bee Waggle Dance as a Model of Swarm Intelligence." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 35, no. 4 (2023): 901–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2023.p0901.

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Honey bees are social insects that form colonies (hives), which often consist of more than 10,000 individuals. In a colony, bees allocate jobs (division of labor) and work cooperatively and intelligently to maintain the colony’s activity, such as nursing broods, cleaning, and guarding against enemies. Among worker bees, only forager bees collect food, and success in finding food directly influences colony survival. For more efficient foraging, honey bees share location information pertaining to profitable food sources through specific behavior called “waggle dances.” During such dances, the di

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9

Trhlin, M., and J. Rajchard. " Chemical communication in the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.): a review." Veterinární Medicína 56, No. 6 (2011): 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1543-vetmed.

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An important area of physiology of the honeybee (Apis mellifera) is chemical communication between individuals and castes in the swarm, which maintains its integrity and function. The highly complex social organization of honeybees is mediated through pheromones. Releaser pheromones cause rapid changes in the behaviour of the recipient, while primer pheromones have relatively slow and long-term effects on the physiology and behaviour of the recipient. Queen retinue pheromone (QRP) is a blend of the nine compounds (9-oxo-(E)-2-decenoic acid, (R)- and (S)-9-hydroxy-(E)-2-decenoic acid, methyl p-

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10

Bouarara, Hadj Ahmed, Reda Mohamed Hamou, and Abdelmalek Amine. "Text Clustering using Distances Combination by Social Bees." International Journal of Information Retrieval Research 4, no. 3 (2014): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijirr.2014070103.

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Recently, the researchers proved that 90% of the information existed on the web, were presented in unstructured format (text free). The automatic text classification (clustering), has become a crucial challenge in the computer science community, where Most of the classical techniques, have known different problems in terms of time execution, multiplicity of data (marketing, biology, economics), and the initialization of cluster number. Nowadays, the bio-inspired paradigm, has known a genuine success in several sectors and particularly in the world of data-mining. The content of our work, is a

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11

Rogaya Mohammed Almehmadi, Rogaya Mohammed Almehmadi. "Deltamethrin and Malathion insecticides residues in workers honeybees(Apis mellifera) and its relationship to these insecticides concentrations." journal of King Abdulaziz University - Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences 26, no. 2 (2015): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/met.26-2.11.

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This study was conducted to detect and identify residues Exterminators (Deltamethrin) of pyrethroid (Pyrethroids group) and (Malathion) of organophosphates group (Organophosphates) in the body of an insect worker honeybees forager , using chemical analysis (Gas Chromatographic Analyses (GC)). Where was The study transactions are: treatment units (the control) is exposed to pesticides, treatment units offered for Deltamethrin pesticide concentrations 1, 2.5, 5, 10 ppm. treatment units offered for pesticide malathion concentrations 1.25,3.125,6.25,12.5 ppm. The results showed The technique of (G

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12

Knoll, Stephane, Valeria Fadda, Fahad Ahmed, and Maria Grazia Cappai. "The Nutritional Year-Cycle of Italian Honey Bees (Apis mellifera ligustica) in a Southern Temperate Climate." Agriculture 14, no. 5 (2024): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14050730.

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Nutrition is a key aspect influencing honey bee health and overwintering. Since honey bee seasonality in southern temperate climates represents a significant research gap, this study conducted long-term monitoring of honey bees in the Mediterranean (Sassari, Italy). Specifically, individual weight, fat body, and size measurements (head, thorax, abdomen, and total body) were recorded monthly so to detect changes in the nutrient storage of worker bees during an annual cycle. Data were analysed according to sampling date, climate (temperature, precipitation, and daylength), and flower diversity a

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13

Duan, Xinle, Huanjing Yao, Wenlong Tong, Manqiong Xiong, Shaokang Huang, and Jianghong Li. "Azoxystrobin Exposure Impacts on Development Status and Physiological Responses of Worker Bees (Apis mellifera L.) from Larval to Pupal Stages." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 21 (2024): 11806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111806.

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Honeybee larvae and pupae form the cornerstone of colony survival, development, and reproduction. Azoxystrobin is an effective strobilurin fungicide that is applied during the flowering stage for controlling plant pathogens. The contaminated nectar and pollen resulting from its application are collected by forager bees and impact the health of honeybee larvae and pupae. The current study evaluated the survival, development, and physiological effects of azoxystrobin exposure on the larvae and pupae of Apis mellifera worker bees. The field-recommended concentrations of azoxystrobin were found to

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14

Abdu-Allah, Gamal A. M., and Barry R. Pittendrigh. "Lethal and sub-lethal effects of select macrocyclic lactones insecticides on forager worker honey bees under laboratory experimental conditions." Ecotoxicology 27, no. 1 (2017): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-017-1872-6.

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15

Zhang, Xiaojing, Yue Hao, Qingsheng Niu, et al. "Division of Labor among Worker Bees Is Associated with the Lipidomic Plasticity in Their Brains." Agriculture 12, no. 7 (2022): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12070952.

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The division of labor is a dominant characteristic of honeybees and is accompanied by behavioral specialization and cognitive enhancement. As the central nervous system to control the labor-specific behaviors of honeybee, the brain is richest in lipid in terms of both diversity and abundance. In this study, an in-depth LC-MS/MS-based lipidomic method was applied to systematically characterize the brain lipid compositions of worker bees with three labor stages: newly emerged bee (NEB), nurse bee (NB), and forager bee (FB). A total number of 337 lipid species that assigned to 20 lipid classes we

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16

Corby-Harris, Vanessa, Lucy A. Snyder, Melissa R. Schwan, Patrick Maes, Quinn S. McFrederick, and Kirk E. Anderson. "Origin and Effect of Alpha 2.2 Acetobacteraceae in Honey Bee Larvae and Description of Parasaccharibacter apium gen. nov., sp. nov." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 24 (2014): 7460–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02043-14.

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ABSTRACTThe honey bee hive environment contains a rich microbial community that differs according to niche.AcetobacteraceaeAlpha 2.2 (Alpha 2.2) bacteria are present in the food stores, the forager crop, and larvae but at negligible levels in the nurse and forager midgut and hindgut. We first sought to determine the source of Alpha 2.2 in young larvae by assaying the diversity of microbes in nurse crops, hypopharyngeal glands (HGs), and royal jelly (RJ). Amplicon-based pyrosequencing showed that Alpha 2.2 bacteria occupy each of these environments along with a variety of other bacteria, includ

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17

Maigoro, Abdulkadir Yusif, Jeong-Hyeon Lee, Hyunjee Kim, Olga Frunze, and Hyung-Wook Kwon. "Gut Microbiota of Apis mellifera at Selected Ontogenetic Stages and Their Immunogenic Potential during Summer." Pathogens 13, no. 2 (2024): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13020122.

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Honeybees (Apis mellifera) are pollinating agents of economic importance. The role of the gut microbiome in honeybee health has become increasingly evident due to its relationship with immune function, growth, and development. Although their dynamics at various developmental stages have been documented, their dynamics during the era of colony collapse disorder and immunogenic potential, which are connected to the antagonistic immune response against pathogens, need to be elucidated. Using 16S rRNA gene Illumina sequencing, the results indicated changes in the gut microbiota with the developmen

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18

Michalczyk, Maria, Rajmund Sokół, and Sylwia Koziatek. "Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Selected Treatments of Nosema Spp. Infection by the Hemocytometric Method and Duplex Pcr." Acta Veterinaria 66, no. 1 (2016): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acve-2016-0009.

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Abstract Recent years have witnessed an increase in the mortality of honey bees in many regions of the world. The observed decrease in the bee population results from a combination of factors, and microsporidian parasites Nosema apis and N. ceranae are among the main contributors. Those parasites cause a microsporidian infection that shortens the lifespan of bees and reduces the productivity of bee colonies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Nozevit, Api Herb and ApiX (acetylsalicylic acid + Artemisia absinthium L. extract) in the control of infections caused by Nosema

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19

Silva, Diego, Ricardo Ceballos, Nolberto Arismendi, Anne Dalmon, and Marisol Vargas. "Variant A of the Deformed Wings Virus Alters the Olfactory Sensitivity and the Expression of Odorant Binding Proteins on Antennas of Apis mellifera." Insects 12, no. 10 (2021): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12100895.

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Insects have a highly sensitive sense of smell, allowing them to perform complex behaviors, such as foraging and peer recognition. Their sense of smell is based on the recognition of ligands and is mainly coordinated by odorant-binding proteins (OBPs). In Apis mellifera, behavior can be affected by different pathogens, including deformed wing virus (DWV) and its variants. In particular, it has been shown that variant A of DWV (DWV-A) is capable of altering the ultra-cellular structure associated with olfactory activity. In this study was evaluated olfactory sensitivity and the expression of OB

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20

Li, Yunchang, Xiaojing Zhang, Zhenyu Xia, and Yue Hao. "Dissecting the Molecular Mechanism of 10-HDA Biosynthesis: Role of Acyl-CoA Delta(11) Desaturase and Transcriptional Regulators in Honeybee Mandibular Glands." Insects 16, no. 6 (2025): 563. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16060563.

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10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a major fatty acid (FA) component of royal jelly, is synthesized in the mandibular glands (MGs) of worker honeybees. Despite its well-documented nutritional and therapeutic significance, the biosynthetic pathway and regulatory mechanisms of 10-HDA production remain largely unresolved. In this study, the molecular basis of 10-HDA biosynthesis and regulation in the MGs of newly emerged bees (NEBs), nurse bees (NBs), and forager bees (FBs) were investigated using RNA sequencing and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A five-step biosynthetic

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21

Grant, Kennedy Judith, Lisa DeVetter, and Andony Melathopoulos. "Honey bee (Apis mellifera) colony strength and its effects on pollination and yield in highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum)." PeerJ 9 (July 27, 2021): e11634. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11634.

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Many pollination studies with honey bees have examined the effect of colony density on crop yield and yet overlook the effect of variation in the population size of these colonies. High colony density in northern highbush blueberry has been met with concerns from beekeepers who feel higher densities will intensify outbreaks of European foulbrood (EFB, Melissococcus plutonius, Truper and dé Clari), a honey bee brood disease. The purpose of this study was to confirm the prevalence of EFB in colonies pollinating blueberries and to determine whether field-level variation in the population of adult

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Bouarara, Hadj Ahmed, Reda Mohamed Hamou, and Amine Rahmani. "BHA2." International Journal of Swarm Intelligence Research 8, no. 1 (2017): 30–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsir.2017010102.

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In the last decade, the plagiarism cases were increased and become a topical problem in the modern scientific world, caused by the quantity of textual information available online/offline. The authors' work deals on the development of a new plagiarism detector system called BHA2 which has as input the suspicious text (to be analysed) and the original texts (learning basis). It can detect the different forms of plagiarism based on: Google API to detect the cases of plagiarism with translation; text summarization to detect the plagiarism of idea; conceptual transformation to detect the plagiaris

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OSOJNIK ČRNIVEC, Ilja Gasan. "Microsporidian <i>Nosema </i>spp. as a model gastrointestinal microorganism of Carniolan honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera carnica</i>, Pollman, 1879): Aspects of spore counting." Acta agriculturae Slovenica. Suplement, no. 5 (September 18, 2016): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas-s.2016.5.18930.

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At high invasion levels, nosemosis can act as an underlying cause of colony collapse disorder, especially in cases of simultaneous invasion of other parasites or/and in combination with virus infections. Rapid quantitative methods for Nosema spp. spore detection are therefore required for various research and diagnostic needs. In this study, the use of haemocytometer (standard method) and Coulter counter is compared. All work was performed with late summer forager bees of Carniolan honey bee subspecies, prepared as isolates and homogenates of the posterior section of the worker bee’s intestine

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Costa, Luciano, Juliana Stephanie Galaschi-Teixeira, Ulysses Madureira Maia, and Vera Lucia Imperatriz-Fonseca. "Plasticity of stingless bee Melipona fuliginosa Lepeletier to obtain food resources in Amazonia." Sociobiology 65, no. 4 (2018): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v65i4.3490.

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The stingless bee Melipona fuliginosa Lepeletier is described as being aggressive robber, but there is little information about its raids. Here, we describe two different raids of M. fuliginosa on other Melipona species: Melipona paraensis Ducke and Melipona fasciculata Smith. The robbing behavior was observed in the Volta Grande do Xingu region (Pará) and Carajás National Forest (Pará), and the attacks by M. fuliginosa occurred at the end of the dry season, shortly before the start of the rainy season, a time of flower scarcity. The raid on M. paraensis hive lasted five days and involved no d

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25

Brown, Sheena M., Ruth MA Napper, and Alison R. Mercerl. "ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL PLASTICITY IN THE HONEY BEE BRAIN USING THE CAVALIERI ESTIMATOR OF VOLUME AND THE DISECTOR METHOD." Image Analysis & Stereology 19, no. 2 (2011): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v19.p139-144.

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The antennal lobe of the worker honey bee has been used as a model system to address the origins of structural plasticity in the central nervous system. A combination of light and electron microscopy was used to determine total synapse number within an easily identifiable sub-unit of the antennal lobe neuropil, the T4-2(1) glomerulus. The Cavalieri method was applied at the light microscope level to determine a reference volume (Vref) of this glomerulus. Using transmission electron microscopy, the physical disector was used to determine synaptic density (Nv) within the T4-2(1) glomerulus. An e

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Couvillon, Margaret J., Ginny Fitzpatrick, and Anna Dornhaus. "Ambient Air Temperature Does Not Predict whether Small or Large Workers Forage in Bumble Bees (Bombus impatiens)." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2010 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/536430.

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Bumble bees are important pollinators of crops and other plants. However, many aspects of their basic biology remain relatively unexplored. For example, one important and unusual natural history feature in bumble bees is the massive size variation seen between workers of the same nest. This size polymorphism may be an adaptation for division of labor, colony economics, or be nonadaptive. It was also suggested that perhaps this variation allows for niche specialization in workers foraging at different temperatures: larger bees might be better suited to forage at cooler temperatures and smaller

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Zhao, Huiting, Zhu Peng, Li Huang, Shuguo Zhao, and Miaomiao Liu. "Expression Profile and Ligand Screening of a Putative Odorant-Binding Protein, AcerOBP6, from the Asian Honeybee." Insects 12, no. 11 (2021): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12110955.

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Olfaction is essential in some behaviors of honeybee, such as nursing, foraging, attracting a mate, social communication, and kin recognition. OBPs (odorant binding proteins) play a key role in the first step of olfactory perception. Here, we focused on a classic OBP with a PBP-GOBP domain from the Asian honeybee, Apis cerana cerana. Beyond that, the mRNA expression profiles and the binding affinity of AcerOBP6 were researched. According to qRT-PCR analysis, AcerOBP6 transcripts were mainly expressed in the antennae of forager bees. In addition, we found that the expression level of AcerOBP6 w

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Goldblatt, Janet W., and Richard D. Fell. "Adult longevity of workers of the bumble bees Bombus fervidus (F.) and Bombus pennsylvanicus (De Geer) (Hymenoptera: Apidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 10 (1987): 2349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-354.

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We studied worker longevity in two colonies of Bombus fervidus (F.) and two colonies of Bombus pennsylvanicus (De Geer). In 1981, adult life expectation for B. fervidus workers was 21.8 days. In 1982, mean expectation of life at adult emergence was 34.1 days for workers of B. fervidus and 33.0 days for workers of B. pennsylvanicus. The longevities observed in 1982 are the highest yet recorded for temperate bumble bee species, and are intermediate between the previously described extremes of short life-span in north temperate species and high longevity in a tropical species. This study suggests

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Dobeš, Pavel, Martin Kunc, Jana Hurychová, Alena Votavová, Olga Komzáková, and Pavel Hyršl. "The Effect of Foraging on Bumble Bees, Bombus terrestris, Reared under Laboratory Conditions." Insects 11, no. 5 (2020): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11050321.

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Bumble bees are important pollinators broadly used by farmers in greenhouses and under conditions in which honeybee pollination is limited. As such, bumble bees are increasingly being reared for commercial purposes, which brings into question whether individuals reared under laboratory conditions are fully capable of physiological adaptation to field conditions. To understand the changes in bumble bee organism caused by foraging, we compared the fundamental physiological and immunological parameters of Bombus terrestris workers reared under constant optimal laboratory conditions with workers f

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Smirle, Michael J., and Mark L. Winston. "Detoxifying enzyme activity in worker honey bees: an adaptation for foraging in contaminated ecosystems." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 9 (1988): 1938–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-283.

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The activities of two important groups of detoxifying enzymes, the glutathione S-transferases and the mixed-function oxidases, were assayed throughout the lifetimes of worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Detoxification capacity decreased on a per insect basis in older workers and was associated with a dramatic loss of midgut protein. However, analysis of specific activity (enzyme activity per milligram protein) showed increasing activity levels as bees aged and began to forage. These results show that foraging worker honey bees compensate for protein loss by increasing the activity of impor

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Oreshkova, Angela, Sebastian Scofield, and Gro V. Amdam. "The effects of queen mandibular pheromone on nurse-aged honey bee (Apis mellifera) hypopharyngeal gland size and lipid metabolism." PLOS ONE 19, no. 9 (2024): e0292500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292500.

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Queen honey bees (Apis mellifera) release Queen Mandibular Pheromone (QMP) to regulate traits in the caste of female helpers called workers. QMP signals the queen’s presence and suppresses worker reproduction. In the absence of reproduction, young workers take care of the queen and her larvae (nurse tasks), while older workers forage. In nurses, QMP increases lipid stores in abdominal fat tissue (fat body) and protein content in hypopharyngeal glands (HPG). HPG are worker-specific head glands that can synthesize proteinaceous jelly used in colony nourishment. Larger HPG signifies ability to se

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Taylor, Robert W. "Evidence for the Absence of Worker Behavioral Subcastes in the Sociobiologically Primitive Australian AntNothomyrmecia macropsClark (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmeciinae)." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/232057.

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Activity in three colonies of the nocturnally foraging Australian antNothomyrmecia macropsis investigated. Workers apprehended while foraging were marked, released, and later recaptured within nests following excavation.Everyforager in each nest was encountered and marked. It was expected that unmarked, nonforaging, domestic-specialist workers would be discovered in the nests. This was unexpectedly not the case as all workers, apart from one or two in each colony, had been marked, and therefore had foraged at least once during the three-night experiment. The few unmarked individuals are consid

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Mirwan, Hamida B., and Peter G. Kevan. "Social Learning in Bumblebees (Bombus impatiens): Worker Bumblebees Learn to Manipulate and Forage at Artificial Flowers by Observation and Communication within the Colony." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/768108.

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Social learning occurs when one individual learns from another, mainly conspecific, often by observation, imitation, or communication. Using artificial flowers, we studied social learning by allowing test bumblebees to (a) see dead bumblebees arranged in foraging positions or (b) watch live bumblebees actually foraging or (c) communicate with nestmates within their colony without having seen foraging. Artificial flowers made from 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tubes with closed caps were inserted through the centres of blue 7 cm plastic discs as optical signals through which the bees could not forage.

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Mattila, Heather R., Gard W. Otis, Lien T. P. Nguyen, Hanh D. Pham, Olivia M. Knight, and Ngoc T. Phan. "Honey bees (Apis cerana) use animal feces as a tool to defend colonies against group attack by giant hornets (Vespa soror)." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0242668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242668.

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Honey bees (genus Apis) are well known for the impressive suite of nest defenses they have evolved to protect their abundant stockpiles of food and the large colonies they sustain. In Asia, honey bees have evolved under tremendous predatory pressure from social wasps in the genus Vespa, the most formidable of which are the giant hornets that attack colonies in groups, kill adult defenders, and prey on brood. We document for the first time an extraordinary collective defense used by Apis cerana against the giant hornet Vespa soror. In response to attack by V. soror, A. cerana workers foraged fo

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Gordon, D. M., and B. Hölldobler. "Worker Longevity in Harvester Ants (Pogonomyrmex)." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 94, no. 3-4 (1987): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1987/63930.

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Most studies of worker longevity in ants have been made in the laboratory (Haskins and Haskins 1980; Porter and Tschinkel 1982). In the field, increased energy expenditures, predation, and environmental fluctuations may all contribute to shorten the life of a worker ant. In the few existing studies of worker longevity conducted in the field, the lifespan of exterior workers was found to be extremely short. For example, Schmid-Hempel and Schmid- Hempel (1984) found that the half-life of Cataglyphis foragers, after they were marked, was only 6 days.In harvester ants of the genus Pogonomyrmex, th

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Guan, Cui, Zhi Jiang Zeng, Zi Long Wang, Wei Yu Yan, and Qi Zhong Pan. "Expression of Sir2, Hdac1 and Ash2 in Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera L.) Queens and Workers." Journal of Apicultural Science 57, no. 1 (2013): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2013-0008.

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Summary The queen and worker bees have the same genetic makeup. However, the queen differs dramatically from the workers in anatomy, physiology, behavior, and lifespan. Three genes (sir2, ash2, and hdac1) have been shown to be associated with histone methylation and acetylation as well as longevity in worms and flies. The relative expression level of these genes was examined in the heads of queens and workers at different developmental stages. The sir2, ash2, and hdac1 expression levels in newly emerged queens, egg-laying queens, and egg-laying workers were significantly higher than those in n

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Furness, D. Christian, Elaine Tan, and John T. Longino. "Overwintering by the western thatch ant, Formica obscuripes (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." Contributions to Entomology 75, no. 1 (2025): 229–33. https://doi.org/10.3897/contrib.entomol.75.e144856.

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Temperate zone ants overwinter using a variety of mechanisms. The genus Formica overwinters entirely as adults. In at least one species it has been demonstrated that winter workers are more corpulent than summer foragers, storing resources in their bodies and mobilizing them for early brood production in spring. Here we examine overwintering by the common western thatch ant, F. obscuripes. Excavation of a winter nest revealed only workers, distributed in multiple chambers in a roughly spherical region from 0.5 to 1.05 m deep. Worker size, as measured by head width, was weakly bimodal, with few

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Furness, D. Christian, Elaine Tan, and John T. Longino. "Overwintering by the western thatch ant, Formica obscuripes (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." Contributions to Entomology 75, no. (1) (2025): 229–33. https://doi.org/10.3897/contrib.entomol.75.e144856.

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Temperate zone ants overwinter using a variety of mechanisms. The genus <i>Formica</i> overwinters entirely as adults. In at least one species it has been demonstrated that winter workers are more corpulent than summer foragers, storing resources in their bodies and mobilizing them for early brood production in spring. Here we examine overwintering by the common western thatch ant, <i>F. obscuripes</i>. Excavation of a winter nest revealed only workers, distributed in multiple chambers in a roughly spherical region from 0.5 to 1.05 m deep. Worker size, as measured by head width, was weakly bim

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Thom, Corinna, David C. Gilley, and J�rgen Tautz. "Worker piping in honey bees (Apis mellifera): the behavior of piping nectar foragers." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 53, no. 4 (2003): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00265-002-0567-y.

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Dalal Musleh Aljedani, Dalal Musleh Aljedani. "Effects of Some Insecticides on the Midgut of the Foragers Honeybee Worker Apis mellifera jemenatica." journal of King Abdulaziz University - Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences 27, no. 1 (2017): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/met.27-1.6.

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This study aims to evaluate the toxic effects of insecticides on the foragers honey bee workers, Apis mellifera jemenatica. It tracks the effects of the insecticides, Deltamethrin, Malathion and Abamectin through the feeding by mouth, on the midgut epithelial layer, in order to show the histological changes. Histological study on samples of the foragers honey bee workers, after exposure to insecticides for 24 hours, was chosen as the average -concentration of the insecticide concentrations, which were used for each as follows: Deltamethrin 2.50 ppm, Malathion 3.125 ppm and Abamectin 0.1 ppm, i

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Strachecka, Aneta, Grzegorz Borsuk, Jerzy Paleolog, Krzysztof Olszewski, Milena Bajda, and Jacek Chobotow. "Body-Surface Compounds in Buckfast and Caucasian Honey Bee Workers (Apis Mellifera)." Journal of Apicultural Science 58, no. 1 (2014): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jas-2014-0001.

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Abstract Body-surface chemical compounds were studied in 1-day-old nest workers and foragers both in Buckfast and Caucasian bees. The workers of these two age-castes were sampled twice in each of two consecutive years. Body-surface lipids were determined by means of gas chromatography, with a GCQ mass spectrometer. Protein concentrations and activities on the body surface were examined in bee cuticle rinsings obtained from worker bees according to the methods of Lowry, of Anson, and of Lee and Lin. Protease and protease inhibitor activities were determined. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis w

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Liu, Hao, Zi-Long Wang, Lin-Bin Zhou, and Zhijiang Zeng. "Quantitative analysis of the genes affecting development of the hypopharyngeal gland in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)." Sociobiology 62, no. 3 (2015): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v62i3.760.

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Royal jelly has many important biological functions, however the molecular mechanism of royal jelly secretion in hypopharyngeal gland (HG) is still not well understood. In our previously study, six genes (SV2C, eIF-4E, PDK1, IMP, cell growth-regulating nucleolar protein and TGF-βR1) have been shown to might be associated with royal jelly secretion. In this study, the relative expression levels of these genes were examined in the hypopharyngeal gland of workers at different developmental stages (nurse, forager and reversed nurse stages). The results indicated that the relative expression levels

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Paleolog, Jerzy, Jerzy Wilde, Artur Miszczak, Marek Gancarz, and Aneta Strachecka. "Antioxidation Defenses of Apis mellifera Queens and Workers Respond to Imidacloprid in Different Age-Dependent Ways: Old Queens Are Resistant, Foragers Are Not." Animals 11, no. 5 (2021): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11051246.

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We investigated how different antioxidant defenses (ADSs) were shaped by evolution in young/old Apis mellifera workers and queens to broaden the limited knowledge on whether ADSs are effective in contemporary pesticide environments and to complete bee oxidative-aging theory. We acquired 1-day-old, 20-day-old, and 2-year-old queens and 1-day-old and 20-day-old workers (foragers) fed 0, 5, or 200 ppb imidacloprid, a pesticide oxidative stressor. The activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase and the level of total antioxidant potential wer

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Baur, Abby, James P. Strange, and Jonathan B. Koch. "Foraging Economics of the Hunt Bumble Bee, a Viable Pollinator for Commercial Agriculture." Environmental Entomology 48, no. 4 (2019): 799–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz075.

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AbstractGlobally, there are only five bumble bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombus) species that have been successfully commercialized for agriculture. The Hunt bumble bee, Bombus huntii Green, 1860, has been recognized as a suitable pollinator of crops and has a broad distribution in western North America, making it a viable candidate for commercialization. In this study, our goal was to characterize the foraging dynamics of B. huntii female workers under open field conditions. To accomplish this goal, we monitored three B. huntii colonies over an 8-wk period in the summer of 2012 in northern Utah

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Guiraud, Marie, Bérénice Cariou, Maxime Henrion, Emily Baird, and Maxence Gérard. "Higher developmental temperature increases queen production and decreases worker body size in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris." Journal of Hymenoptera Research 88 (December 30, 2021): 39–49. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73532.

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Climate change and increasing average temperatures are now affecting most ecosystems. Social insects such as bumblebees are especially impacted because these changes create spatial, temporal and morphological mismatches that could impede their ability to find food resources and mate. However, few studies have assessed how the colony and life cycle are affected when temperatures rise above optimal rearing temperature. It has become imperative to understand how heat stress affects the life history traits of insect pollinators as well as how changes in life history interact with other traits like

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Morandin, C., A. Hietala, and H. Helanterä. "Vitellogenin and vitellogenin-like gene expression patterns in relation to caste and task in the ant Formica fusca." Insectes Sociaux 66, no. 4 (2019): 519–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00040-019-00725-9.

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Abstract Social insect colonies are characterized by division of labour, and extensive morphological, physiological and behavioural differences between queens and workers. The storage protein vitellogenin (Vg) affects multiple aspects of social insect life histories, and has been suggested as a key player for caste differentiation and maintenance. Recently, three genes homologous to Vg have been described in the ant Formica exsecta. Their role is currently unclear but their structural variation suggests variable functions. We examined the expression patterns of the conventional Vg and the thre

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Anderson, Carl. "Simulation of the Feedbacks and Regulation of Recruitment Dancing in Honey Bees." Advances in Complex Systems 01, no. 02n03 (1998): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525998000181.

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Honey bee nectar foragers returning to the hive experience a delay as they search for a receiver bee to whom they transfer their material. In this paper I describe the simulation of the "threshold rule" (Seeley, 1995) which relates the magnitude of this search delay to the probability of performing a recriutment dance — waggle dance, tremble dance, or no dance. Results show that this rule leads to self-organised near-optimal worker allocation in a fluctuating environment, is extremely robust, and operates over a wide range of parameter values. The reason for the robustness appears to be the pa

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Dorigo, Adna, Annelise Rosa-Fontana, Isabella Camargo, Roberta Nocelli, and Osmar Malaspina. "Biological Data of Stingless Bees with Potential Application in Pesticide Risk Assessments." Sociobiology 65, no. 4 (2018): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v65i4.2878.

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Due to the current practice of intensive pesticide use in Brazil on crops with flowers that are attractive to bees, biological information about Brazilian native bees is required in order for public authorities that are responsible for environmental safety to use them for calculations of risk assessments. Thus, the present study aimed to obtain biological data on stingless bees: Melipona scutellaris, Scaptotrigiona postica and Tetragonisca angustula. The food consumed by larvae and by adults and the mass of forager workers were obtained. The results provide essential inputs for the risk assess

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Hawkings, Chloe, and Cecilia Tamborindeguy. "Expression analysis of vitellogenins in the workers of the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta)." PeerJ 6 (May 28, 2018): e4875. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4875.

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Vitellogenin has been proposed to regulate division of labor and social organization in social insects. The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) harbors four distinct, adjacent vitellogenin genes (Vg1, Vg2, Vg3, and Vg4). Contrary to honey bees that have a single Vg ortholog as well as potentially fertile nurses, and to other ant species that lay trophic eggs, S. invicta workers completely lack ovaries or the ability to lay eggs. This provides a unique model to investigate whether Vg duplication in S. invicta was followed by subfunctionalization to acquire non-reproductive functions and

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Maschio, Daniela A., Luciana F. Gracioli-Vitti, and Carminda Cruz-Landim. "Comparative study of intramandibular glands of workers, queens and males of stingless bee Scaptotrigona postica Latreille (Hymenoptera: Meliponini)." Animal Biology 63, no. 1 (2013): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15707563-00002391.

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The mandibles of bees contain two types of tegumental glands whose function is not clear, despite the hypotheses put forward by several researchers. Although these glands have been found in all the bee species studied so far, observations have been confined mostly to workers of eusocial species in the forager phase. The work reported here involved a study of the morphology of the glands of newly emerged, nurse and forager workers, virgin and fecundated queens, and newly emerged and sexually mature males of Scaptotrigona postica, seeking to identify changes that may be linked to the bee’s life

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