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Journal articles on the topic 'Forced convection heat transfer rate'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Dietrich, M., R. Blo¨chl, and H. Mu¨ller-Steinhagen. "Heat Transfer for Forced Convection Past Coiled Wires." Journal of Heat Transfer 112, no. 4 (1990): 921–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910500.

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Heat transfer coefficients were measured for forced convection of isobutanol in crossflow past coiled wires with different coil geometries. Flow rate and heat flux have been varied over a wide range to include laminar and turbulent flow for convective sensible and subcooled boiling heat transfer. To investigate the effect of coil geometry on heat transfer, the wire diameter, coil diameter, and coil pitch were varied systematically. The measured data are compared with the predictions of four correlations from the literature.

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2

Jani, Jaronie Mohd, Sunan Huang, Martin Leary, and Aleksandar Subic. "Analysis of Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient on Shape Memory Alloy Actuatorunder Various Ambient Temperatures with Finite Difference Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 736 (March 2015): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.736.127.

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The demand for shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators for technical applications is steadily increasing; however SMA may have poor deactivation time due to relatively slow convective cooling. Convection heat transfer mechanism plays a critical role in the cooling process, where an increase of air circulation around the SMA actuator (i.e. forced convection) provides a significant improvement in deactivation time compared to the natural convection condition. The rate of convective heat transfer, either natural or forced, is measured by the convection heat transfer coefficient, which may be difficult

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3

Sukhotskii, A. B., and G. S. Sidorik. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF HEAT TRANSFER OF A SINGLE-ROW BUNDLE OF FINNED TUBES IN MIXED CONVECTION OF AIR." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 60, no. 4 (2017): 352–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2017-60-4-352-366.

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The technique and results of experimental study of heat transfer of a single bundle consisting of bimetallic tubes with helically knurled edges, in natural and mixed convection of air are presented. Mixed convection, i.e. a heat transfer, when the contribution of free and forced convection is comparable, was created with the help of the exhaust shaft mounted above the heat exchanger bundle and forced air movement was created by the difference in density of the air in the shaft and the environment. The experimental dependence of the heat transfer of finned single row of bundles in the selected

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4

Kang, B. H., Y. Jaluria, and S. S. Tewari. "Mixed Convection Transport From an Isolated Heat Source Module on a Horizontal Plate." Journal of Heat Transfer 112, no. 3 (1990): 653–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910437.

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An experimental study of the mixed convective heat transfer from an isolated source of finite thickness, located on a horizontal surface in an externally induced forced flow, has been carried out. This problem is of particular interest in the cooling of electronic components and also in the thermal transport associated with various manufacturing systems, such as ovens and furnaces. The temperature distribution in the flow as well as the surface temperature variation are studied in detail. The dependence of the heat transfer rate on the mixed convection parameter and on the thickness of the hea

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5

Angirasa, Devarakonda. "Forced Convective Heat Transfer in Metallic Fibrous Materials." Journal of Heat Transfer 124, no. 4 (2002): 739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1470491.

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A numerical study is reported for high Reynolds number forced convection in a channel filled with rigid metallic fibrous materials of high porosity. The effects of convective and form inertia, viscous shear, and thermal dispersion are all considered together. Inertia and thermal dispersion are modeled. The numerical results suggest that heat transfer rate increases with increasing Reynolds number within a range, but not significantly beyond that range. The heat transfer rate also increases with stagnant thermal conductivity, and decreases with Darcy number. The fiber thickness was found to hav

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6

Rahman, M. M., M. M. Billah, and M. A. Alim. "Effect of Reynolds and Prandtl Numbers on Mixed Convection in an Obstructed Vented Cavity." Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 2 (2011): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v3i2.4344.

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A numerical investigation is conducted to analyze the steady flow and thermal fields as well as heat transfer characteristics in a vented square cavity with a built-in heat conducting horizontal solid circular obstruction. Hydrodynamic behavior, thermal characteristics and heat transfer results are obtained by solving the couple of Navier-Stokes and energy equations by using a weighted residuals Finite element method. The computation was made for different Reynolds number, Prandtl number ranging from 50 to 200 and from 0.71 to 7.1 at the three different convective regimes. Three different regi

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7

Hireche, Zouhira, Lyes Nasseri, and Djamel Eddine Ameziani. "Heat transfer analysis of a ventilated room with a porous partition: LB-MRT simulations." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 91, no. 2 (2020): 20904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2020200146.

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This article presents the hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics of transfers by forced, mixed and natural convection in a room ventilated by air displacement. The main objective is to study the effect of a porous partition on the heat transfer and therefore the thermal comfort in the room. The fluid flow future in the cavity and the heat transfer rate on the active wall have been analyzed for different permeabilities: 10−6 ≤ Da ≤ 10. The other control parameters are obviously, the Rayleigh number and the Reynolds number varied in the rows: 10 ≤ Ra ≤ 106 and 50 ≤ Re ≤ 500 respectively. The t

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8

Gupta, Ritu, Parminder Singh, and R. K. Wanchoo. "Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nano-Fluids." Materials Science Forum 757 (May 2013): 175–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.757.175.

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Nanofluids are engineered colloids made of a base fluid and nanoparticles, which become potential candidate for next generation heat transfer medium. Nanofluids have higher thermal conductivity and single-phase heat transfer coefficients than their base fluids. The use of additives is a technique applied to enhance the heat transfer performance of base fluids. Recent articles address the unique features of nanofluids, such as enhancement of heat transfer, improvement in thermal conductivity, increase in surface volume ratio, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, etc. A complete understanding about

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9

Saidakov, V., F. Plouraboué, and N. Kozlov. "Vibroconvective heat transfer in cylindrical container with oscillating elastic boundaries." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2317, no. 1 (2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2317/1/012015.

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Abstract Heat transfer in a horizontal annular region filled with the viscous fluid is studied experimentally. The external boundary of the working volume is formed by an elastic silicone shell, while the internal one – by a cylindrical copper heater. The walls of the shell are brought into symmetric oscillatory motion by two linear servomotors. The temperature outside the external cylinder is maintained constant by pumping the thermally stabilized liquid. The experiments are conducted with the low heating power that corresponds to relatively low values of the Rayleigh number. This allows main

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10

Wang, Meng-Jen, and Chao-An Lin. "Numerical Investigations Of The Thermal Characteristics Of A Flip-Chip BGA Package With And Without Heat Sink." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 1, no. 3 (2004): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/1551-4897-1.3.127.

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The thermal characteristics of a flip-chip BGA package on board are numerically investigated under both natural and forced convection conditions. The possible heat transfer enhancement strategy using heat sink is also addressed. Heat generated at the junction could transfer in the upward and downward (through PCB) directions of the package, and then be dissipated to the ambient by both convection and radiation. For the cases without heat sink, the amount of the heat dissipated through the PCB comprises 90% and 75% of the power generated for the natural and forced convection regimes, respective

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11

Kottke, Peter A., Timothy P. Ferguson, and Andrei G. Fedorov. "Scale Analysis of Combined Thermal Radiation and Convection Heat Transfer." Journal of Heat Transfer 126, no. 2 (2004): 250–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1677409.

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Simple order-of-magnitude relationships predicting heat transfer in limiting cases of combined convection and radiation problems in boundary layer flows are found using the method of scale analysis. Key nondimensional groups are developed that help identify the fundamental interactions between thermal radiation and convection modes of heat transfer for two cases of laminar, two-dimensional convection heat transfer from a semi-infinite vertical wall. The first case is that of heat transfer from a gray wall with a specified heat flux to a surrounding non-participating medium and considers both f

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12

Madlool, Naseer Abboodi, Mohammed J. Alshukri, Ammar I. Alsabery, Adel A. Eidan, and Ishak Hashim. "Numerical Analysis of Transfer of Heat by Forced Convection in a Wavy Channel." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 12, no. 1 (2022): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.46838.

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Convective heat transfer of laminar forced convection in a wavy channel is studied in this paper. Numerical simulations of the 3D steady flow of Newtonian fluid and heat transfer characteristics are obtained by the finite element method. The effects of the Reynolds number ((10 ≤Re≤1000), number of oscillations (0 ≤N≤5) and amplitude of the wall (0.05 ≤A≤0.2) on the heat transfer have been analyzed. The results show that the average Nusselt number is elevated as the Reynolds number is raised, showing high intensity of heat transfer, as a result of the intensified effects of the inertial and zon

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13

Journal, IJSREM. "HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS ON BASE OF HEAT SINK WITH UNIFORM HEAT GENERATION." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 03 (2024): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem28936.

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The present work describes the important results of problem of combined conduction, convection and radiation from a rectangular heat sink base subjected to uniform internal heat generation in its base. The governing equations for temperature distribution within the base are obtained by a relevant energy balance between rate of heat generation, heat conducted, convected and radiated. The derived non-linear partial differential equations are converted into algebraic form using finite difference method with 2nd order accuracy. The obtained algebraic equations have been solved simultaneously by Ga

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14

Lehmann, G. L., and J. Pembroke. "Forced Convection Air Cooling of Simulated Low Profile Electronic Components: Part 1—Base Case." Journal of Electronic Packaging 113, no. 1 (1991): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905361.

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Forced convection cooling of a simulated array of card-mounted electronic components has been investigated. An important feature of the simulated components is their relatively low profile (height/length = 0.058). Laboratory measurements of heat transfer rates resulting from convective air flow through a low aspect ratio channel are reported. The effect of variations in array position, channel spacing and flow rate is discussed. In the flow range considered laminar, transitional and turbulent heat transfer behavior have been observed. The behavior due to variations in flow rate and channel spa

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15

Sabah Falieh, Noor, and Saad Najeeb Shehab. "Forced convective rate and pressure drop through a packed annulus: a numerical simulation." Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias 3 (June 5, 2024): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024845.

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Porous materials are used in engineering and industry due to their heat transmission qualities. This study examined forced convection flow through an annular tube packed with sphere balls of various materials and sizes using numerical analysis. The sphere balls were permeable. Ceramic, plastic, and steel with spherical diameters of 3, 5, and 6 and porosity of 0.4 were tested for heat dissipated and fluid flow. Also, test the impact of steel balls of diameter 6mm with 0.6 and 0.8 porosity. The numerical simulation results are used to analyze the forced convection and fluid flow parameters of a

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16

Kumbhar, S. V., M. A. Jadhav, P. G. Chipare, and G. G. Kamble. "Performance Analysis of Annular Fin Arrays with Forced Convection." Asian Review of Mechanical Engineering 7, no. 2 (2018): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arme-2018.7.2.2451.

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Fins or extended surfaces are used whenever the available surface is found inadequate to transfer required heat with available temperature drop. These fins are not only chosen for their thermal performance, but also for other parameters such as weight, cost, reliability, etc. which depends upon application. The present paper mainly focuses on comparative analysis of plain annular fin arrays and perforated annular fin arrays to investigate heat transfer characteristics with forced convection. The data used in this performance analysis were obtained experimentally for annular fin arrays with and

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17

Haldar, Ruby, Abhimanyu Kumar, Trishit Janah, and Prabir Biswas. "Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer by Forced and Natural Convection in a Pin Fin for Different Materials." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (2022): 1254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40426.

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Abstract: In the modern generation heat exchange equipment has become of great importance in many industrial processes and internal combustion engines because it increases the use of energy resources as well as conversion and reuse of thermal energy. In recycling thermal energy, the minimization of temperature differences is more important. High-specific output engines can be developed by developing finned surfaces. Thus fins play an important role in energy. Our investigation deals with the problem of finding the optimum configuration of the fin with the maximum heat dissipation rate. This ex

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18

Lim, Ji Hwan, and Minkyu Park. "Enhanced single-phase heat transfer performance via vortex secondary flow in hypervapotron configuration." Physica Scripta 96, no. 12 (2021): 125639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac454c.

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Abstract As the hypervapotron (HV) heat sink is used to cool many areas inside the fusion tokamak, it is essential to understand its heat transfer performance to calculate the thermal efficiency of the power generation system. Therefore, in this study, the single-phase (SP) heat transfer performance of HV heat sink was evaluated through sub-cooled flow boiling experiments under one-side high-heat load conditions. When vapor is generated inside the heat sink, flow instability and a potential risk of reaching the critical heat flux are created. Therefore, in commercial power plants, cooling syst

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19

POOJA, D. NEMADE, and R. K. Patil Dr. "EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GEOMETRY AND INCLINATION ANGLE ON HEAT TRANSFER IN NATURAL CONVECTION." JournalNX - a Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal Volume 3, Issue 11 (2017): 15–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1420183.

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In this, we will compare the geometries (cylindrical & rectangular) for different inclination angle with the same hydraulic diameter. Natural convection is a heat transport mechanism, in which the fluid motion is by naturally means no external source is required. The temperature gradient is occurring due to density difference. Forced convection is a heat transport mechanism in which fluid motion is by an externally. It is one of the most important heat transfers mechanism in which maximum amounts of heat energy can be transferred very efficiently. We compare by calculating average heat tra

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20

Yokoyama, Y., F. A. Kulacki, and R. L. Mahajan. "Mixed Convection in a Horizontal Porous Duct With a Sudden Expansion and Local Heating From Below." Journal of Heat Transfer 121, no. 3 (1999): 653–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826029.

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Results are reported for an experimental and numerical study of forced and mixed convective heat transfer in a liquid-saturated horizontal porous duct. The cross section of the duct has a sudden expansion with a heated region on the lower surface downstream and adjacent to the expansion. Within the framework of Darcy’s formulation, the calculated and measured Nusselt numbers for 0.1 < Pe < 100 and 50 < Ra < 500 are in excellent agreement. Further, the calculated Nusselt numbers are very close to those for the bottom-heated flat duct. This finding has important implications for conv

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21

Rahman, MS, R. Nasrin, and MI Hoque. "Heat-Mass Transfer of Nanofluid in Lid-Driven Enclosure under three Convective Modes." GANIT: Journal of Bangladesh Mathematical Society 38 (January 14, 2019): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v38i0.39787.

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Heat is a form of energy which transfers between bodies which are kept under thermal interactions. When a temperature difference occurs between two bodies or a body with its surroundings, heat transfer occurs. Heat transfer occurs in three modes. Three modes of heat transfer are conduction, convection and radiation. Convection is a very important phenomenon in heat transfer applications and it occurs due to two different gradients, such as, temperature and concentration. This paper reports a numerical study on forced-mixed-natural convections within a lid-driven square enclosure, filled with a

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22

Mainardes, R. L. S., R. S. Matos, J. V. C. Vargas, and J. C. Ordonez. "Optimally Staggered Finned Circular and Elliptic Tubes in Turbulent Forced Convection." Journal of Heat Transfer 129, no. 5 (2006): 674–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2712860.

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This work presents an experimental geometric optimization study to maximize the total heat transfer rate between a bundle of finned tubes in a given volume and a given external flow both for circular and elliptic arrangements, for general staggered configurations. The results are reported for air as the external fluid, in the range 2650⩽Re2b⩽10,600, where 2b is the smaller ellipse axis. Experimental optimization results for finned circular and elliptic tubes arrangements are presented. A relative heat transfer gain of up to 80% (Re2b=10,600) is observed in the elliptic arrangement optimized wi

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23

Amirat, H., and A. Korichi. "Forced Convection Enhancement Over Heated Blocks by Using Slot-Jet." Journal of Mechanics 36, no. 1 (2019): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2019.24.

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ABSTRACTNumerical simulations of convective fluid flow and heat transfer in a channel containing heated blocks with slot-jet behind the blocks are performed. The finite volume method with the simple algorithm is adopted and Ansys Fluent © CFD commercial code is used. The effect of slot-jet on flow structure and heat transfer modification is examined. The incidence of influent parameters such as slot-jet position, relative inlet slot-jet velocity and Reynolds number value has been explored. The results show that both the main inlet velocity as well as the relative slot-jet velocity in addition

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Prasad, V., F. C. Lai, and F. A. Kulacki. "Mixed Convection in Horizontal Porous Layers Heated From Below." Journal of Heat Transfer 110, no. 2 (1988): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3250498.

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Numerical studies are reported for steady, mixed convection in two-dimensional horizontal porous layers with localized heating from below. The interaction mechanism between the forced flow and the buoyant effects is examined for wide ranges of Rayleigh number Ra* and Peclet number Pe*. The external flow significantly perturbs the buoyancy-induced temperature and flow fields when Pe* is increased beyond unity. For a fixed Peclet number, an increase in Rayleigh number produces multicellular recirculating flows in a domain close to the heat source. This enhances heat transfer by free convection.

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25

Barreto, Alberto A., Mauri Fortes, Wanyr R. Ferreira, and Luiz C. A. Crespo. "Transport coefficients for low and high-rate mass transfer along a biological horizontal cylinder." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 10, no. 2 (2006): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-43662006000200027.

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Knowledge of heat and mass transfer coefficients is essential for drying simulation studies or design of food and grain thermal processes, including drying. This work presents the full development of a segregated finite element method to solve convection-diffusion problems. The developed scheme allows solving the incompressible, steady-state Navier-Stokes equations and convective-diffusive problems with temperature and moisture dependent properties. The problem of simultaneous energy, momentum and species transfer along an infinite, horizontal cylinder under drying conditions in forced convect

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26

Rustum, I. M., and H. M. Soliman. "Experimental Investigation of Laminar Mixed Convection in Tubes With Longitudinal Internal Fins." Journal of Heat Transfer 110, no. 2 (1988): 366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3250493.

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Experiments were performed to study the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics for laminar flow in a smooth tube and four tubes with internal longitudinal fins, with emphasis on showing how the experimental results relate to previous analytical predictions. Measured quantities include the fully developed friction factor, local and fully developed Nusselt numbers. Good agreements were obtained between the friction factor results and previous analytical predictions, and between Nusselt number results for the smooth tube and previous experiments. Free convection is shown to have a strong

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27

Lien, Fue-Sang, and Cha’o-Kuang Chen. "Effects of Microstructure on the Conjugated Mixed Forced and Free Convection-Conduction Analysis of Heat Transfer in a Vertical Plate Fin." Journal of Heat Transfer 108, no. 3 (1986): 580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3246974.

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A conjugated convection-conduction analysis has been made for a vertical plate fin which exchanges heat with its micropolar fluid environment by mixed forced and free convection. The analysis is based on a one-dimensional model for the plate fin whereby the heat conduction equation for the fin is solved simultaneously with the conservation equations for mass, momentum, angular momentum, and energy in the micropolar fluid boundary layer adjacent to the fin. The local heat transfer coefficient is not specified in advance but is one of the results of the numerical solutions. Numerical results of

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28

Li, Sifeng, Zhijin Wang, and Chen Zhou. "Forced Convection Heat Transfer in V-Pattern Folded Core Sandwich Structures." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2022 (February 10, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8926764.

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Fully developed laminar flow and heat transfer performance of V-pattern folded core sandwich structures subjected to forced convection are numerically investigated. Based on the periodic feature of folded core, a methodology to simulate the fully developed flow and heat transfer state with a few unit cells is developed. The influences of geometric parameters on the coolant flow resistance and heat transfer behaviour are evaluated. Afterwards, approximate models are established based on design to optimize the heat dissipation efficiency. Design variables considered are geometric parameters of t

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29

Selimefendigil, Fatih, Hakan F. Öztop, and Ali J. Chamkha. "Role of magnetic field on forced convection of nanofluid in a branching channel." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 30, no. 4 (2019): 1755–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-10-2018-0568.

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Purpose Numerical study of nanofluid forced convection within a branching channel was performed under the influence of a uniform magnetic field. The purpose of this study is to enhance the heat transfer performance of the separated flow at the branching channel with the use of magnetic field and nanofluid. The use of magnetic field and enhancement in both the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity with the inclusion of the nanoparticles provides favorable thermophysical properties of the nanofluid when it used as a heat transfer fluid in a branching channel. The results of this study

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Wang, Chi-Chang, and Cha’o-Kuang Chen. "Combined Free and Forced Convection Film Condensation on a Finite-Size Horizontal Wavy Plate." Journal of Heat Transfer 124, no. 3 (2002): 573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1458019.

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Mixed-convection film condensation with downward flowing vapors onto a finite-size horizontal wavy plate is studied by a simple mathematical model and the spline alternating-direction implicit method. Effects of the wavy geometry, the interfacial vapor shear and the pressure gradient on the local condensate film thickness and the heat transfer characteristics have been studied independently. Results show that the pressure gradient tends to increase the heat transfer rate and to decrease the influence of the wavy amplitude. The appropriate wave number which can enhance the maximum condensation

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Richmond, D. A., and K. G. T. Hollands. "Numerical Solution of an Open Cavity, Natural Convection Heat Exchanger." Journal of Heat Transfer 111, no. 1 (1989): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3250662.

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An “open-cavity” natural convection heat exchanger is one in which the flow on one side is driven by buoyancy forces and in which the effect of associated piping, valves, and fittings on that side can be ignored, since the exchanger is effectively exposed there to an extensive fluid of uniform temperature. This paper reports a finite volume numerical solution of the full set of equations governing the flow on the natural convection side of such a heat exchanger. The exchanger’s dimensionless performance is shown to depend on five dimensionless groups: a modified Rayleigh number Ra*, a flow num

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Ee Von, Lau, Lee Jun Rong, and Mohamed Ismail Harun. "Forced Convective Heat Transfer of Ionic Wind on Different Surface Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.445.

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The heat transfer enhancement of the forced convection due to ionic wind over different surface conditions including a smooth, rough ruface and a source array of rectangular blocks surface (representing electronic components) was studied. Under laminar flow, the highest heat transfer rate of 0.0736 W/m2.K per minute was observed for the source array surface. The average heat transfer coefficient during steady state of ionic cooling on smooth, rough and source array surfaces were observed to be 19.144 W/m2.K, 18.736 W/m2.K and 21.126 W/m2.K respectively. The heat transfer properties of ionic wi

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33

Ahmed, G. Refai, and M. M. Yovanovich. "Experimental Study of Forced Convection From Isothermal Circular and Square Cylinders and Toroids." Journal of Heat Transfer 119, no. 1 (1997): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824102.

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Experimental studies of forced convection heat transfer from different body shapes were conducted to determine the effects of Reynolds number and different characteristic body lengths on the area-averaged Nusselt number. Although the bodies differed significantly in their shapes, they had approximately the same total surface area, A = 11,304 mm2 ± 5%. This ensured that for a given free stream velocity and total heat transfer rate all bodies had similar trends for the relationship of Nusselt and Reynolds numbers. The experimental program range was conducted in the Reynolds number range 104≤ReA≤

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34

Yıldırım, Furkan, and Mehmet Gürdal. "The effect of fin structure on forced heat convection in a pentagonal channel." International Conference on Applied Engineering and Natural Sciences 1, no. 1 (2023): 741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/icaens.1090.

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he main purpose of this study is to examine the effect on forced heat convection properties of fin structures in a pentagonal duct. For this purpose, rectangular shaped fins are placed in the selected duct. The study was carried out under the constant heat flux (q’’=500 W/m2) and fully developed turbulent flow (10000<Re<40000) conditions. As a result of the study, an improvement in velocity distribution and convective heat transfer rate was observed with increasing Reynolds number and the use of rectangular fins. In addition, with the use of fins, the movement area of the flow was narrow

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35

Mehmood, Ahmer, Muhammad Usman, Sufian Munawar, and Najma Saleem. "Separation Phenomenon in a Forced Convection Non-Similar Externally Retarded Nanofluid Flow." Journal of Nanofluids 12, no. 5 (2023): 1210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jon.2023.2017.

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The study of heat transfer phenomena in non-similar flow of nanofluid is the subject of this investigation. The external retarded flow past a flat plate is considered which does not allow the self-similarity solution. To enhance the heat transfer rate nanofluid has been considered instead of the pure fluid. The nanoparticles of Aluminum Oxide are disseminated in the Water, being base fluid, to form the nanofluid. The consideration of nanofluid results in a substantial heat transfer augmentation along with the skin friction coefficient and both are observed to be further enhanced with higher co

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36

Lehmann, G. L., and J. Pembroke. "Forced Convection Air Cooling of Simulated Low Profile Electronic Components: Part 2—Heat Sink Effects." Journal of Electronic Packaging 113, no. 1 (1991): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905363.

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Forced convection air cooling of an array of low profile, card-mounted components has been investigated. A simulated array is attached to one wall of a low aspect ratio duct. This is the second half of a two-part study. In this second part the presence of a longitudinally finned heat sink is considered. The heat sink is a thermally passive “flow disturbance”. Laboratory measurements of the heat transfer rates downstream of the heat sink are reported and compared with the measured values which occur when no heat sinks are present. Data are presented for three heat sink geometries subject to var

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Prajapati, Om Shankar, and A. K. Rajvanshi. "Al₂O₃-Water Nanofluids in Convective Heat Transfer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 3667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.3667.

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Anofluids are suspensions of metallic or nonmetallic nanopowders in base liquid and can be employed to increase heat transfer rate in various applications. In this work turbulent flow forced convection heat transfer of Al2O3-water nanofluid inside an annular tube with variable wall temperature was investigated experimentally. The Nusselt number of nanofluid was obtained for various Reynolds numbers and nanoparticle concentrations at atmospheric pressure. The addition of nanoparticles in water enhances heat transfer coefficient and the enhancement increases with increase in the nanoparticle con

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Hao, Y. L., and Y. X. Tao. "Heat Transfer Characteristics of Melting Ice Spheres Under Forced and Mixed Convection." Journal of Heat Transfer 124, no. 5 (2002): 891–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1494090.

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An experimental investigation is conducted to characterize melting and heat transfer during convective melting of an ice sphere in horizontally flowing water. The shape changes of melting ice spheres with time at different velocities and supply temperatures of water and at different initial ice temperatures are recorded using a digital video camcorder. From the recorded images, the time variations of local melting rate, local heat transfer coefficient and local Nusselt number at various angular positions are obtained. The effects of water temperature and velocity on these local parameters are

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PRAJAPATI, OM SHANKAR, and A. K. RAJVANSHI. "EFFECT OF Al2O3-WATER NANOFLUIDS IN CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER." International Journal of Nanoscience 11, no. 03 (2012): 1240005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x12400054.

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Nanofluids are suspensions of metallic or nonmetallic nanopowders in base liquid and can be employed to increase heat transfer rate in various applications. In this work turbulent flow forced convection heat transfer of Al 2 O 3-water nanofluid inside an annular tube with variable wall temperature was investigated experimentally. The Nusselt numbers of nanofluid were obtained for various heat flux, Reynolds numbers and nanoparticle concentrations at atmospheric pressure. The addition of nanoparticle in water enhances heat transfer coefficient and enhancement increases with increase in the nano

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MR., BANSODE RAHUL G., RAHUL K. MR.BHONG, BANSUDE AJAY R. MR., MISAL ROHIT V. MR., and DESHMUKH SONALI. A. PROF. "HEAT TRANSFER IN SPRAY QUENCHING." JournalNX - A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal 3, no. 4 (2017): 196–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1454076.

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The focus of this experiment is to investigate the spray quenching characteristics and heat transfer rate of H-40 steel plate under a atmospheric conditions. Cooling of tool steel surfaces with flat nozzles was studied experimentally. The importance of coolant temperature on coefficient of heat transfer was investigated. Experiment test were performed with H-40 steel plate using two different method direct water deeping and air-water spray cooling(water and ethylene glycol). Experiments were conducted on an heated flat rotary steel plate of dimension 200 mm x 6 mm. The cooling rates were calcu

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Nayema Islam Nima and Mohammad Ferdows. "Dual Solutions in Mixed Convection Flow Along Non-Isothermal Inclined Cylinder Containing Gyrotactic Microorganism." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 87, no. 3 (2021): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.87.3.5163.

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The purpose of this research is to present dual solution for combined free and forced convection flow towards a non-isothermal permeable inclined cylinder containing gyrotactic microorganism. Though several researches were done on dual solutions for mixed convection and also along the vertical cylinder for the numerous engineering applications but very few works have done on dual solutions for mixed convection with gyrotactic microorganisms. Two steps are performed here to carry out numerical calculations. Firstly, the governing partial differential equations are simplified into set of coupled

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Chen, T. S., B. F. Armaly, and N. Ramachandran. "Correlations for Laminar Mixed Convection Flows on Vertical, Inclined, and Horizontal Flat Plates." Journal of Heat Transfer 108, no. 4 (1986): 835–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3247020.

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Local Nusselt numbers for laminar mixed convection flows along isothermal vertical, inclined, and horizontal flat plates are presented for the entire mixed convection regime for a wide range of Prandtl numbers, 0.1 ≤ Pr ≤ 100. Simple correlation equations for the local and average mixed convection Nusselt numbers are developed, which are found to agree well with the numerically predicted values and available experimental data for both buoyancy assisting and opposing flow conditions. The threshold values of significant buoyancy effects on forced convection and forced flow effects on free convec

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Ibrahim, Abdulwehab, Perk Lin Chong, Vicnesvaran Rajasekharan, Mohamed Muzuhin Ali, Omar Suliman Zaroong, and Nurye Oumer Ahmed. "Investigation of the effect of different materials on convective heat transfer." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 14, no. 2 (2020): 6642–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.14.2.2020.08.0520.

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Conventionally, the study of convection heat transfer merely focuses on the behavior of air flow without considering the conductive effect of the horizontal flat plate. However, it is expected that the conductive effect of the horizontal plate somewhat affects the air flow temperature across the flat plate. Therefore, it is motivated to study the variation of air flow temperature across different materials of flat plate in various time frame. The materials used in this study are aluminium, stainless steel and cast iron. Infrared camera and FloEFD simulation software are used to measure the upp

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Park, S. H., and C. L. Tien. "An Approximate Analysis for Convective Heat Transfer on Thermally Nonuniform Surfaces." Journal of Heat Transfer 112, no. 4 (1990): 952–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910506.

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This paper presents a new, simple, but powerful technique for nonsimilar natural and assisting mixed convection heat transfer problems in which thermal boundary conditions are specified arbitrarily even with step discontinuities. Temperature and velocity fields for natural convection over thermally nonuniform surfaces are formulated in terms of equivalent Grashof numbers defined by the superposition of surface heat fluxes and velocities obtained from similarity analyses for isoflux or isothermal surfaces. A local heat transfer rate for assisting mixed convection over thermally nonuniform surfa

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Lukose, Leo, and Tanmay Basak. "A comprehensive review on mixed convection for various patterns of kinematically and thermally induced scenarios within cavities." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 31, no. 9 (2021): 2879–939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-07-2020-0399.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address various works on mixed convection and proposes 10 unified models (Models 1–10) based on various thermal and kinematic conditions of the boundary walls, thermal conditions and/ or kinematics of objects embedded in the cavities and kinematics of external flow field through the ventilation ports. Experimental works on mixed convection have also been addressed. Design/methodology/approach This review is based on 10 unified models on mixed convection within cavities. Models 1–5 involve mixed convection based on the movement of single or double walls s

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Gurav, Raviraj B., Pritee Purohit, and Sandeep P. Nalavade. "Computational Study on Forced Convection Heat Transfer in Pin Fin Heat Sink (PFHS) with Inclined Wings." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2601, no. 1 (2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2601/1/012026.

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Abstract Fins are used to enhance the rate of heat dissipation by increasing convection. The total amount of conduction, convection, or radiation of an object determines the amount of heat it transfers. A pin fin heat sink is acts as a heat exchanger and transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, where it is dissipated away from the device which helps in proper functioning of device. The present investigation deals with the CFD simulation of heat dissipation and fluid flow behavior of pin fin heat sink with straight and inclined wings. The results s

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Praveen, Yadav, and Singh Rajender. "ANALYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH DIFFERENT SHAPE FINS USING CFD TOOL." International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Scientific Research 2, no. 5 (2015): 19–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10726599.

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<strong><em>Abstract</em><em>: </em></strong> <em>                    </em> <em>This research presents the results of numerical study of heat transfer and pressure drop in a heat exchanger that is designed with different shape fins. The heat exchanger used for this research consists of a rectangular duct fitted with different shape fins (pin fins as well as thin plate fin), and is heated from the lower plate. The fin shape and the heat exchanger (HE) configuration were numerically studied to max

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Firas F. Qader, Adnan M. Hussein, Suad H. Danook, Barhm Mohamad, and Omar S. Khaleel. "Enhancement of Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger Effectiveness by Using Porous Media and TiO2 Water." CFD Letters 15, no. 4 (2023): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.15.4.3142.

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In this paper, the rate of heat transfer by forced convection in a counterflow heat exchanger, at turbulent flow conditions were investigated experimentally, using porous media and TiO2 Nanofluid to observe the behaviour of heat transfer with flow rate and volume concentration of nanoparticles t enhance heat transfer through it. 3 mm Steel balls (ε=39.12%) as a porous media completely filled to the inner pipe (core pipe). The cold and hot water are used as working fluids through the inner and outer pipes. Then using, the TiO2 nanofluid instead of cold water flowing through the porous pipe to e

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Park, H. G., and Morteza Gharib. "Experimental Study of Heat Convection From Stationary and Oscillating Circular Cylinder in Cross Flow." Journal of Heat Transfer 123, no. 1 (2000): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1338137.

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An experimental study is made on the processes of heat transfer from the surface of a forced oscillating cylinder in a crossflow. A range of oscillation amplitude A/D=0.1,0.2, forced oscillation frequency 0<Stc<1, and Reynolds number (Re=550, 1100, 3500) is covered in water Pr=6. Besides the increase at the natural vortex shedding frequency, large increases in the heat transfer are found at certain superharmonics. By using Digital Particle Image Velocimetry/Thermometry (DPIV/T), the increase in the heat transfer rate is found to correlate inversely with the distance at which vortices rol

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Preston, J. M., and W. S. Johnson. "Acoustic Enhancement of the Rate of Heat Transfer Over a Flat Plate-An Experimental Investigation." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 119, no. 4 (1997): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2794999.

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Increasing the rate of heat transfer can improve product quality and lower energy cost for many energy systems. Pulsating fluid flow has been used to increase the rate of heat transfer in some situations. Specifically, sound waves below the audible limit, termed infrasound, have been used to increase the rate of heat transfer from small-diameter wire rods. This study examined the effects of infrasound on the rate of heat transfer from a flat plate. A standing sound wave is formed in the neck of a Helmholtz resonator and may be enhanced by producing sound waves at the resonant frequency at or n

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