Academic literature on the topic 'Forces mécaniques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Forces mécaniques"
Philippe, Julien. "La naissance de l’Edgewise ou le dernier et le meilleur mécanisme d’Angle." L'Orthodontie Française 87, no. 3 (September 2016): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/2016031.
Full textChillès, J. G., S. Riemenschneider-Chillès, A. A. Doustkam, and D. Chillès. "Prise en charge chirurgicale par affaiblissement labio-mentonnier et corticotomies des déséquilibres dento-parodonto-musculaires de la région incisivo-canine mandibulaire." Revue d'Orthopédie Dento-Faciale 52, no. 1 (January 2018): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/odf/2017047.
Full textRadlanski, Ralf J., and Herbert Renz. "Gènes, forces et formes : aspects mécaniques du développement cranio-facial prénatal." l'Orthodontie Française 78, no. 4 (December 2007): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr:2007035.
Full textDouarche, Carine, Virginie Bailleux, Catherine Even, Jean-Marc Allain, Christophe Regeard, and Éric Raspaud. "La mécanique des biofilms à la surface de liquides." Reflets de la physique, no. 56 (January 2018): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/refdp/201856020.
Full textBoismal, Françoise, Benoit Vianay, Kevin Serror, David Boccara, Maurice Mimoun, Armand Bensussan, Martine Bagot, et al. "Diminution des forces mécaniques des fibroblastes du derme humain avec l’âge." Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie - FMC 1, no. 8 (December 2021): A290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fander.2021.09.309.
Full textKabla, Alexandre J., and Kevin Chalut. "La réponse inhabituelle des noyaux de cellules souches embryonnaires aux forces mécaniques." médecine/sciences 30, no. 12 (December 2014): 1061–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20143012002.
Full textFollain, Gautier, Valentin Gensbittel, Benjamin Mary, Olivier Lefebvre, Sébastien Harlepp, Vincent Hyenne, and Jacky G. Goetz. "Influence de la mécanique des fluides sur la formation des métastases." médecine/sciences 36, no. 10 (October 2020): 872–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020158.
Full textBrézulier, Damien, Pascal Pellen-Mussi, Olivier Sorel, and Sylvie Jeanne. "La mécanobiologie osseuse, un domaine émergeant : revue de littérature." L'Orthodontie Française 89, no. 4 (December 2018): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/2018034.
Full textHenrion, Daniel. "Le canal ionique Piezo1 est le capteur des forces mécaniques dans les vaisseaux capillaires cérébraux." médecine/sciences 38, no. 12 (December 2022): 1065–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2022156.
Full textCoste, Bertrand. "Prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine 2021." médecine/sciences 38, no. 1 (January 2022): 96–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2021248.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Forces mécaniques"
Moussus, Michel. "Forces mécaniques au sein de l'endothélium." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY008/document.
Full textVascular dysfunction or injury induced by aging, smoking, inflammation, trauma, hyperlipidaemia are among a myriad of risk factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. An important objective in vascular biology is to understand cellular processes that promote or protect against cardiovascular diseases. This pathogenesis is very closely associated with dysfunction of the inner face of the vessel wall. The inner face of the vessel wall is lined by a monolayer of endothelial cells forming the vascular endothelium. Reparation of the endothelium involves remodelling of focal adhesionns (FA) and adherent junctions (AJ). Modifications in the protein composition of these adhesive structures generate forces at the basis of endothelium remodelling and reparation. In the literature, cellular forces are studied on single cells, epithelial cell doublets or cell aggregates in growth but mechanical forces inside tissues remains to be characterized. In this thesis, we use traction force microscopy (TFM) on polyacrylamide substrates to study the mechanical equilibrium between intercellular junctions and cell/substrate adhesion. We analyse to which extent TFM can be used for studying monolayers and present a novel approach to extract contractile forces exerted by an endothelial tissue. Finally, we use this methodology to characterize forces transmitted to the substrate and the contractile forces of endothelial monolayers. This method provides an interesting tool to study the contribution of some proteins of the adherent junctions to force transmission within the endothelium
Puerner, Charles. "Croissance invasive chez un champignon pathogène de l’Homme : forces mécaniques et réorganisation cellulaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2020COAZ6020.
Full textThe dimorphic fungi Candida albicans is a major human pathogen that causes life-threatening infections for immunocompromised patients. I have investigated C. albicans invasive filamentous growth, in collaboration with physicists, in particular the mechanical forces during this process, and quantitated the effects of these forces on cell morphology. Furthermore, I have examined the function of a filament tip cluster of vesicles, known as a Spitzenkörper, in the regulation of growth and cell morphology. Physical forces generated by C. albicans filamentous growth are likely to be critical for host tissue penetration, as well as escape from host immune cells. We have used the polymer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to generate microchambers with different stiffness, similar to that of host cells and tissues. I have examined C. albicans filamentous growth in these confined chambers, in order to determine the biophysical properties of growth and substrate invasion. Using time lapse microscopy, I showed that the percentage of invasive hyphae decreased with an increase in PDMS stiffness, and determined a stiffness threshold, in which hyphae are unable to invade - likely the growth-stalling force. During invasive growth, there was a striking reduction in filament extension rate, compared to surface growth, which was dependent on PDMS stiffness. Furthermore, during this process, I observed a cell morphology change, i.e. a significant increase in cell diameter and a concomitant decrease in cell compartment length, resulting in cell volumes that were largely indistinguishable from that of surface growing cells. This morphology change was associated with a striking increase in the level of active Cdc42, the master regulator of polarity, at the hyphal tip and a concomitant depolarization of active Rho1, the glucan-synthase regulator, during invasive growth. These results indicate that changes in cell morphology during invasive growth are not due to depolarization or destabilization of active Cdc42. Rather, additional analyses suggest that mechanical forces, i.e. compression, are largely responsible for these morphological changes. The Spitzenkörper, which is a cluster of vesicles located at the filament apex adjacent to the plasma membrane, has been observed in a range of filamentous fungi. In C. albicans, electron microscopy studies have revealed that the Spitzenkörper is comprised of a uniform population of vesicles, however little was known regarding the function of this structure during filamentous growth. I have shown that the C. albicans Spitzenkörper is composed entirely of secretory vesicles. I have investigated the function of the Spitzenkörper using mutants and synthetic physical interaction approaches. Perturbation of the Spitzenkörper resulted in altered filament morphology and growth rate, strikingly an increase in filament diameter and concomitant increased growth rate was observed. Furthermore, deletion of a Spitzenkörper component dramatically reduced invasive growth. Together these results indicate that the Spitzenkörper regulates the region of new plasma membrane insertion, i.e. the ability to focus growth, and suggest that an increase in the flux of secretory vesicles compensates for less focused membrane addition. In summary, my studies reveal that mechanical forces affect C. albicans morphology and substrate invasive ability, and that the Spitzenkörper is the central link between filament morphology and growth rate, as well as substrate invasion
Lopez, Sara. "Destruction du microenvironnement tumoral par application de forces mécaniques exercées par des nanoparticules magnétiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30202.
Full textEfficiency of anti-cancer treatments is limited by development of resistance to treatments, which has long been considered to depend solely on the genotype of cancer cells. However, these past few years, researchers proved that cancer progression and resistance are not only determined by the inherent characteristics of cancer cells, but also by their interactions with tumor microenvironment. Among other components of the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote tumor growth and cancer cell resistance to treatments. CAFs modify the components and properties of tumor microenvironment (blood vessels, extracellular matrix or tumor immunity) and interact with cancer cells; those actions take a great part in the loss of treatment efficacy. Thus, as CAFs seem to be key players in cancer cell resistance to treatment, their eradication is an interesting strategy to inhibit cancer progression. While magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) under a high frequency magnetic field produce heat, they generate a mechanical torque in response to low frequency rotating magnetic fields (RMF) Here, we chose this last property to elaborate a nano-therapeutic strategy directed against CAFs. The principle of this strategy is to target CAFs using vectorised MNPs and then apply a RMF that generates enough mechanical stress to induce cell death. The first objective was to target pancreatic CAFs that express the type 2 cholecystokinin receptor (CCK2R). For this, we synthesized gastrin-decorated MNPs (MNP@Gastrin). We showed that MNP@Gastrin bind to the CCK2R on the cell membrane of CAF-CCK2R, then internalize and accumulate in the lysosomes. Then, we tested different amplitudes and frequencies of RMF and demonstrated that RMF exposure induces the death of CAFs having accumulated MNP@Gastrin into their lysosomes. The optimal effect on cell death, namely the death of about 40% of CAFs, was obtained with 40mT and 1Hz RMF. Moreover, we investigated the cell death mechanism involved and we showed that cell death occurs through lysosomal damage. Lysosomes undergo membrane permeabilization, releasing their content, including cathepsin B which are involved in the observed cell death process. On top of that, the engaged cell death pathway seems to be caspase-1 dependent. Finally we used a magnetic setup under a confocal microscope in order to observe real-time cell reaction to RMF. We noticed cellular retraction, lysosomal movements towards the nucleus, and changes in cellular adhesion. This study establishes the proof-of-concept that targeted MNPs can disrupt tumor microenvironment through mechanical forces upon RMF exposure, and thus open new opportunities for cancer therapy
Bauër, Pierre. "Mesures mécaniques et génération de forces de réseaux d’actine branchés avec des micro-cylindres magnétiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066428/document.
Full textThe work done during this tesis concerns the mechanics and force generation processes of branched actin networks reconstructed in vitro. To study these effects, we’ve developped a new experimental setup, based on self assembly of supermaramagnetic microcylinders under a magnetic force. This allows us to obtain relations between force and growth velocity of branched actin networks, as well as linking force generation with mechanics, which are crucial to understand cell mechanics and migration
Schwartz, Jean-Marc. "Calcul rapide de forces et de déformations mécaniques non-linéaires et visco-élastiques pour la simulation de chirurgie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2003/21208/21208.pdf.
Full textThis work presents a method for the fast computation of mechanical deformations and forces for the simulation of surgical applications. Surgery simulation aims at providing physicians with tools allowing extensive training and precise planning of given interventions. The design of such simulation systems requires accurate geometrical and mechanical models of the organs of the human body, as well as fast computation algorithms suitable for real-time conditions. Most existing simulation systems use very simple mechanical models, based on the laws of linear elasticity. Numerous biomechanical results yet indicate that biological tissues exhibit much more complex behaviour, including important non-linear and visco-elastic effects. For this reason, we developed a method allowing the fast computation of mechanical deformations and forces including non-linear and visco-elastic effects. This method uses finite element theory and has been constructed as an extension of the so-called tensor-mass algorithm for linear elasticity. It consists in pre-computing a set of tensors depending on the geometrical and mechanical properties of each finite element, which are later combined in the simulation part itself. Our non-linear model does not assume any particular form of mechanical law, so that the proposed method is generic enough to be applied to a wide variety of behaviours and objects. Following the description of the algorithm, of its performances in terms of computation time, and of its numerical stability conditions, we show that this method allows to reproduce the mechanical behaviour of a biological soft tissue with good precision. As this project is part of a broader effort aiming more specifically at developing a simulation system for liver cryosurgery, we experimentally characterized the properties of liver in perforation by a biopsy needle. The non-linear and visco-elastic tensor-mass model constructed from experimental parameters succeeded in accurately reproducing the observed properties.
Ennaime, Salah-Eddine. "Contribution à l'identification de structures mécaniques : localisation des défauts dominants et réanalyse ; estimation des forces extérieures." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA2034.
Full textAmbrosini, Arnaud. "Étude du mécanisme de génération de forces mécaniques par les cellules apoptotiques et leur transmission au reste du tissu." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30281.
Full textEpithelium morphogenesis is a key feature during the development of multicellular organism. Within morphogenetic events, the ability to create a fold is crucial to shape multicellular organism. A fundamental aspect of morphogenesis lies on the ability of cells to exert, exchange and resist mechanical stress in order to shape the tissue. During the past decades, the importance of mechanical force generated at the level of adherent junctions, parallel to the apical plan has been greatly elucidated. However, the role of mechanical forces generated perpendicular to the apical plan (in the apico/basal axe) is far from being understood. Recently, the team demonstrated that apoptotic cells in the leg disc epithelium of the drosophila, are able to generate an apico/basal force that is required for the fold formation that foreshadows the future articulation of the adult leg. Even if the role of acto-myosin structure in the generation of this force has been demonstrated, nothing is known about other regulators or even anchoring points that could help this structure in generating this force. Moreover, the effects of this force have only been observed for the apical side of the epithelium. My Phd aims at two goals: (1) Deciphering the intracellular structure that are required for this force generation process and the possible effect of force generation for the apoptotic process per se.(2) Analysing the consequences of those forces on the basal side of the epithelium. During my Phd, I have shown that in order to exert an apico/basal force, the apoptotic cell needs to generate an apico/basal structure comprising from the apical to the basal: adherent junctions, acto-myosin cable, nucleus and basal adhesions. More precisely, I observed that acto-myosin structures called "cables" that have been implicated in the force generation process, spawn from the adherent junctions and grows progressively until reaching the nucleus of the cell. I observed that apoptotic cells have a basally localised nucleus. Following that, I observed that nucleus is anchored by a basal actin meshwork, that restraints apoptotic nucleus movements. What is more, I observed that apoptotic cells maintain basal cell/matrix adhesions. [...]
Leroy, Samuel. "Les forces de surface dynamiques pour l'investigation mécanique des surfaces molles." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00610528.
Full textBongué, Boma Malika. "Modélisation de la fissuration pour l'évaluation de la perte d'étanchéité des structures en béton armé sous chargements mécaniques." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003418.
Full textGhibaudo, Marion. "Influence des propriétés mécaniques du substrat sur l'adhésion et la migration cellulaire." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345790.
Full textBooks on the topic "Forces mécaniques"
Haanel, B. F. Rapport sur l'utilisation de la tourbe pour la production de la force motrice: Résultats des expériences faites à la station d'essai des combustibles à Ottawa, 1910-1911. Ottawa: Impr. du gouvernement, 1996.
Find full textBeaudoin, Catherine. Étude de productivité: Utilisation de la traction animale des chevaux en complément de la force mécanique, projet no 1121. Sainte-Foy, Qué: Service canadien des forêts, Région du Québec, 1996.
Find full textStillman, Drake, ed. Two new sciences, including centers of gravity and force of percussion. 2nd ed. Toronto: Wall & Thompson, 1989.
Find full text1933-, Johnston Murray C., and EME Officers' Fund, eds. Canada's craftsmen at 50: The story of electrical & mechanical engineers in the Canadian Forces. Borden, Ont: EME Officers' Fund, 1997.
Find full textHyde, Natalie. Pushing and pulling. Catharines, Ontario: Crabtree Publishing Company, 2014.
Find full textWilford, David J. Forest management on fans: Hydrogeomorphic hazards and general prescriptions. [Victoria]: British Columbia, Ministry of Forests, Forest Science Program, 2005.
Find full textKlaus, Esser, and Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik, eds. International competitiveness in Latin America and East Asia. London: Portland, Ore., 1993.
Find full textConfigurational forces: Thermomechanics, physics, mathematics, and numerics. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2010.
Find full textKjellander, Roland. Statistical Mechanics of Liquids and Solutions: Intermolecular Forces, Structure and Surface Interactions. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Forces mécaniques"
"2 Forces et lois de Newton." In Comprendre la mécanique, 39–88. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1218-9-004.
Full text"2 Forces et lois de Newton." In Comprendre la mécanique, 39–88. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1218-9.c004.
Full textLORENTZ, Éric. "Modélisation de la rupture quasi fragile." In Modélisation numérique en mécanique fortement non linéaire, 189–273. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9081.ch5.
Full textROQUES, Françoise. "Formation et histoire dynamique du Système solaire." In Le Système solaire 2, 207–57. ISTE Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9034.ch4.
Full textBOURINET, Jean-Marc. "Estimation de probabilité d’événements rares." In Ingénierie mécanique en contexte incertain, 153–222. ISTE Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9010.ch5.
Full text"Chapitre 8 La rotation de la Terre et la force de Coriolis." In Mécanique classique - Cours et exercices corrigés - Tome 2, 399–412. EDP Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2672-8.c001.
Full textCarrier, Martin. "L'imaginaire et l'intuition dans les sciences." In L'imaginaire et l'intuition dans les sciences, 97–112. Hermann, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/herm.buser.2009.01.0097.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Forces mécaniques"
BREHIN, Florian, Nicolas ZIMMERMANN, Vincent GRUWEZ, and Annelies BOLLE. "Comparaison de formules pour le calcul des forces mécaniques dues à la houle sur des bâtiments émergés." In Journées Nationales Génie Côtier - Génie Civil. Editions Paralia, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5150/jngcgc.2016.047.
Full textPineda, Saira F., Arjan M. Kamp, D. Legendre, and Armando J. Blanco. "Axisymmetric Low-Reynolds Motion of Drops Through Circular Microchannels." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2012-73198.
Full textReports on the topic "Forces mécaniques"
Marle, Charles-Michel Marle. On Henri Poincaré's Note "Sur une forme nouvelle des équations de la Mécanique". Journal of Geometry and Symmetry in Physics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/jgsp-29-2013-1-38.
Full textRousseau, Henri-Paul. Gutenberg, L’université et le défi numérique. CIRANO, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/wodt6646.
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