Relevant bibliographies by topics / Foregut Development

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Foregut Development'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Foregut Development"

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Tsang, T. M., and P. K. H. Tam. "Arrest of foregut development in a congenital bronchopulmonary foregut malformation." Pediatric Surgery International 9, no. 5-6 (May 1994): 401–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01686014.

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Abrunhosa, F., and M. Melo. "Development and functional morphology of the foreguts of larvae and postlarvae of three crustacean decapods." Brazilian Journal of Biology 68, no. 1 (February 2008): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842008000100032.

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The development of the foregut structure and the digestive function of the decapods Litopenaeus vannamei, Sesarma rectum and Callichirus major larvae and post larvae were examined. The protozoeal foregut of L. vannamei is simple, lacking a cardiopyloric valve and bearing a rudimentary filter press. In mysis, the filter press is more developed. In the juvenile stage, grooves and a small lateral tooth arise. In S. rectum, the foregut has a functional cardiopyloric valve and a filter press. The megalopal and juvenile stages of this species have a gastric mill similar to those in adult crabs. In C. major, the foregut of the zoeae is specialized, with the appearance of some rigid structures, but no gastric mill was found. Calcified structures are observed in the megalopae and they become more developed in the juvenile stage. The results support suppositions, previously reported in other studies, that feeding behavior of each larval and postlarval stage is directly related to the morphological characteristics of the foreguts.
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Abrunhosa, Fernando A., Darlan J. B. Simith, Joely R. C. Monteiro, Antonio N. de Souza Junior, and Pedro A. C. Oliva. "Development and functional morphology of the larval foregut of two brachyuran species from Northern Brazil." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 83, no. 4 (October 21, 2011): 1269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652011005000045.

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Feeding is an important factor for the successful rearing of larvae of the crab species. Further information on the morphological features of the foregut may to reveal larval feeding behaviour and or/whether there is a lecithotrophy in some or even in all stages of the larval cycle. In the present study, the structural development of the foregut and their digestive functions were examined in larvae of two brachyurans, Uca vocator and Panopeus occidentalis, reared in the laboratory. During larval development, the foreguts of the larvae in the first and last zoeal stages and in the megalopa stage were microscopically examined, described and illustrated. The zoeal foreguts of both species were well developed, showing specialization with a functional cardiopyloric valve and a filter press. The megalopa stage had a complex and specialized gastric mill similar to that found in adult crabs with the appearance of rigidly calcified structures. These results support the hypothesis that the feeding behaviour of each larval stage is directly related to the morphological structure of the foregut. Such facts strongly indicate that all larval stages of both . vocator and P occidentalis need an external food source before completing the larval development in a planktonic environment.
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Page, Damon T. "Inductive patterning of the embryonic brain in Drosophila." Development 129, no. 9 (May 1, 2002): 2121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.9.2121.

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In vertebrates (deuterostomes), brain patterning depends on signals from adjacent tissues. For example, holoprosencephaly, the most common brain anomaly in humans, results from defects in signaling between the embryonic prechordal plate (consisting of the dorsal foregut endoderm and mesoderm) and the brain. I have examined whether a similar mechanism of brain development occurs in the protostome Drosophila, and find that the foregut and mesoderm act to pattern the fly embryonic brain. When the foregut and mesoderm of Drosophila are ablated, brain patterning is disrupted. The loss of Hedgehog expressed in the foregut appears to mediate this effect, as it does in vertebrates. One mechanism whereby these defects occur is a disruption of normal apoptosis in the brain. These data argue that the last common ancestor of protostomes and deuterostomes had a prototype of the brains present in modern animals, and also suggest that the foregut and mesoderm contributed to the patterning of this ‘proto-brain’. They also argue that the foreguts of protostomes and deuterostomes, which have traditionally been assigned to different germ layers, are actually homologous.
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Litingtung, Ying, Li Lei, Heiner Westphal, and Chin Chiang. "Sonic hedgehog is essential to foregut development." Nature Genetics 20, no. 1 (September 1998): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1717.

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Page, Louise R., and Brenda Hookham. "The gastropod foregut — evolution viewed through a developmental lens." Canadian Journal of Zoology 95, no. 4 (April 2017): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0194.

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Comparative data on the developing gastropod foregut suggest that this multicomponent feeding complex consists of two developmental modules. Modularity is revealed by delayed development of the buccal cavity and radular sac (“ventral module”) relative to the dorsal food channel (“dorsal module”) in gastropods with feeding larvae compared with those that may have never had a feeding larval stage. If nonfeeding larvae like those of extant patellogastropods and vetigastropods are ancestral for gastropods, then the uncoupling and heterochronic offset of dorsal and ventral foregut modules allowed the post-metamorphic dorsal food channel to be co-opted as a simple but functional esophagus for feeding larvae. Furthermore, by reducing energy cost per ovum, the heterochronic offset may have given mothers the evolutionary option of increasing fecundity or investing in protective egg encapsulation material. A second developmental innovation was spatial separation of the dorsal and ventral foregut modules, as illustrated by distal foregut development in buccinid neogastropods and venom gland development in cone snails. Spatial uncoupling may have enhanced the evolvability of gastropod foreguts by allowing phenotypic variants of ventral module components to be selected within post-metamorphic ecological settings, without needing to be first tested for compatibility with larval feeding. Finally, we describe a case in which foregut modularity has helped facilitate a highly derived life history in which encapsulated embryos ingest nurse eggs.
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Cox, Serena L., and Danielle J. Johnston. "Developmental changes in foregut functioning of packhorse lobster, Jasus (Sagmariasus) verreauxi (Decapoda:Palinuridae), phyllosoma larvae." Marine and Freshwater Research 55, no. 2 (2004): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf03175.

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The development of foregut structure and digestive function was examined in Jasus (Sagmariasus) verreauxi phyllosomas (instars 1–13) using resin histology and video analysis. Early instar (1–3) phyllosoma had very simple anterior foreguts with little differentiation into ventral and dorsal chambers, no filter press and small lateral comb-row setae. By mid instars (4–7), the filter press had developed and ventral and dorsal chambers of the foregut were distinct. The number and robustness of lateral setae had increased and a dense mat of anterior floor setae had formed. The filter press became increasingly complex in later-instar (8–13) larvae and dense robust lateral comb-row setae, main brushes and a thick mat of anterior floor setae forming longitudinal channels had developed by this stage. The mechanism of food digestion remained similar between instars but changes in foregut structures suggest that the degree of internal mastication, filtration and capacity to sort and mix particles improved with age. This research has implications for artificial diet development in crustacean culture and understanding dietary shifts during larval development.
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Galaktionov, K. V., and I. I. Malkova. "Development of the alimentary tract during morphogenesis of the metacercariae of Levinseniella brachysoma." Journal of Helminthology 67, no. 2 (June 1993): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00012943.

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AbstractFor the first time the development of the alimentary tract of Levinseniella brachysoma metacercaria (Trematoda: Microphallidae) obtained experimentally from Gammarus oceanicus has been described. The foregut primordium in 16-day-old metacercariae is represented by a syncytial cylindrical cord, resulting from the fusion of embryonic cells. Non-fused parts of the plasma membranes of adjacent cells are revealed as gap cavities within the cord. Later (30th day post infection) the lumen of the foregut is formed as a result of both partial vacuolization of the cytoplasm and by a broadening of the gap cavities, resulting from a thinning of the cytoplasmic spaces between them. Besides the usual organelles, the foregut of the mature metacercaria (42nd day p.i.) contains dense secretory granules in the apical cytoplasm region and numerous microtubules in basal areas. The cellular gastrodermis is formed later than the foregut syncytium (on day 30 p.i.); its large cells contain well-developed Golgi complexes, RER and mitochondria. A noteable inclusion of the gastrodermal cells of mature metacercariae are spherical granules of moderate electron density measuring up to 3 μm in diameter. On the basis of an analysis of the ultrastructural data the possible functioning of the metacercarial alimentary tract is discussed.
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Melo, Marlon Aguiar, Fernando Abrunhosa, and Iracilda Sampaio. "The morphology of the foregut of larvae and postlarva of Sesarma curacaoense De Man, 1892: a species with facultative lecithotrophy during larval development." Acta Amazonica 36, no. 3 (2006): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0044-59672006000300014.

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Previous study on the resistance of larvae of Sesarma curacaoense submitted to starvation has revealed a facultative lecithotrophy during zoeal stages, but megalopa and first juvenile stages are exclusively feeding stages. In the present study, the gross morphology and fine structure of the foregut of S. curacaoense were investigated during larval, megalopa and first juvenile stages. The foregut of the zoea I show specific setae and a filter press apparently functional. The foregut undergoes changes in the zoea II (last larval stage) with increment of setae number, mainly on the cardiopyloric valve and complexity of the filter press. After metamorphosis to megalopa stage the foregut become rather complex, with a gastric mill supporting a medial and two lateral teeth well-developed. The foregut of the first juvenile is more specialized compared to the previous stage, showing similar characteristics of the decapod adults. These results provide further evidence of facultative lecithotrophic development in the larvae of S. curacaoense.
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VILANOVA, J. R., R. SIMON-MARIN, J. C. ANGULO, and J. M. RIVERA-POMAR. "Genesis and decay of the foregut: development and repair." Histopathology 13, no. 3 (September 1988): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1988.tb02038.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Foregut Development"

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Ioannides, Adonis. "Mechanisms of foregut development and malformations." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444747/.

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Oesophageal atresia (OA) and tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) are important human malformations of the foregut, the development of which is poorly understood. In this thesis, the mechanisms that underlie the development of OA/TOF, as well as normal tracheo-oesophageal development, were investigated. The rat model of OA/TOF, based on exposure of embryos to the anticancer agent Adriamycin, was adapted to the mouse in order to allow more in depth study of the cellular and molecular events that underlie the malformations. The Adriamycin-treated mouse was shown to have persistence of an undivided foregut at El 1.5, in contrast to saline controls in which the foregut was in the process of separating into a ventral structure (trachea) and a dorsal structure (oesophagus). This failure of tracheo-oesophageal separation was also a feature of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) null mutant mouse. The study of the respiratory marker Nkx2.1 confirmed that the foregut normally divides along the dorsoventral boundary of respiratory/ gastrointestinal specification and that the fundamental defect in both the Adriamycin-treated and Shh null mutant mice is persistence of an undivided foregut in which both the respiratory and gastrointestinal lineages are represented, with a preservation of the dorsoventral pattern of expression of that marker. The study of expression of Shh showed this to have a dorsoventral pattern that was closely related to the separation boundary and which changed as separation progressed. Moreover, this dorsoventral expression pattern was disturbed in those Adriamycin-treated embryos that had failed to separate the trachea and oesophagus. The process of tracheo-oesophageal separation was also found to be associated with a distinct pattern of programmed cell death (PCD) in the dorsal foregut and at the dorsoventral boundary. PCD cells were present before any morphological evidence of separation, suggesting a possible role for PCD in controlling the separation process. When a PCD inhibitor was applied to an in vitro, whole embryo, culture system, the process of tracheo-oesophageal separation was arrested, suggesting that PCD is a requirement and not just a consequence of separation.
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Zhang, Zheng. "Function of Frizzled-7/Syndecan-4 Signaling in Foregut Organ Development." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1428653451.

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Han, Lu. "Functions of Zinc-finger Transcription Factors Gli and Osr during Foregut Development in Mouse." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1504871878955264.

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Rosains, Jacqueline. "Modulation of pha-4/FoxA and C. elegans Foregut Development by the Novel Gene smg-8." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10379.

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FoxA transcription factors are central regulators of gut development in all species. In C. elegans, pha-4/FoxA is necessary to generate cells of the foregut, or pharynx. FoxA factors need to be precisely regulated for proper development, yet we know very little about FoxA regulation. To look for potential genes that act as pha-4 regulators, the Mango lab previously conducted two screens for suppressors of the lethality associated with a partial loss of pha-4 activity. Both screens uncovered smg-8, a novel gene that is highly conserved amongst metazoans. Interestingly, the human homolog of smg-8 is amplified in some breast cancers, which also depend on FoxA1. This observation makes smg-8 a very exciting gene to investigate. The goal of my thesis is to analyze smg-8 to better understand its function and potential role as a candidate regulator of pha-4/FoxA, using C. elegans as a model system. In this thesis, I show that C. elegans smg-8 does not have a role in the Nonsense Mediated Decay pathway. I find that smg-8 modulates pha-4 protein levels during embryonic development. This work is the first direct evidence that smg-8 is a modulator of pha-4. I used biochemical and bioinformatic approaches to uncover possible partners of smg-8. These approaches identified several interesting candidates that will help place C. elegans smg-8 in a functional pathway. This work has expanded our understanding of smg-8 function and lays the foundation for further investigation of the role of this novel gene as a regulator of pha-4/FoxA in C. elegans.
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Stevens, Mariana L. "Genomic integration of Wnt/β-catenin and BMP/Smad1 signaling coordinates digestive system development." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1490352976010044.

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Trisno, Stephen L. "Modeling esophageal development and disease in mice and in human pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1539080161314324.

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Lim, Sang Seop. "Development of forest aesthetic indicators in sustainable forest management standards." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42871.

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Forest aesthetic indicators are an important aspect of the social component of sustainable forest management (SFM) standards. However, SFM standards have few aesthetic indicators, especially at an international level. A possible reason for this is that public awareness of forest aesthetic values has often been regarded as unscientific or even contradictory to the ecological knowledge of forestry experts and that aesthetic values vary according to the cultural backgrounds of the individuals involved in any assessment. In response to the current lack of aesthetic indicators in SFM standards, several questions have been raised: (1) Does the public think forest aesthetic values are important and to what degree in terms of SFM, (2) Is there any consensus on the aesthetic values among the public and between the public and forestry experts, (3) Are there any differences in perspectives on the absence of aesthetic considerations in SFM standards between the experts participating in the creation and revision of SFM C&I and experts in the fields of forest aesthetics, and (4) How can aesthetic values be effectively and efficiently assessed? In order to address these questions, three surveys were conducted involving the public and experts in four countries. The survey revealed no significant differences in priorities for forest aesthetic values amongst selected groups of public respondents in Korea, China, Japan and Canada. However, significant differences existed between forestry experts and the public. Forest aesthetic values were rated as relatively important by the general public, but both types of experts generally rated the importance of aesthetics higher than did the public. Three major reasons for the lack of aesthetic indicators were provided by the SFM and aesthetic experts: a lack of aesthetic training amongst those designing criteria and indicators; a bias against aesthetics, which are often considered to be highly subjective; and the general omission of people with knowledge of aesthetics during the development of SFM standards. Ten possible aesthetic indicators that could be used in future SFM schemes were developed in this study. The indicators presented here and the direct involvement of aesthetic experts would improve the ability of current SFM frameworks to balance effectively social, environmental and economic values.
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Kearns, Nicola A. "Generation of Pharyngeal Foregut Endoderm from Pluripotent Stem Cells." eScholarship@UMMS, 2017. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/908.

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The pharyngeal foregut endoderm (PFE) gives rise to several important organs including the thyroid, thymus and parathyroid glands. In mice and humans, defects in the development of PFE can lead to thymic aplasia and aberrations in thymic epithelial cell (TEC) function can lead to immunodeficiency or autoimmune disease. Successful differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to PFE could provide a renewable cell source that enables the study of human diseases that originate in the PFE. Here, I identify signaling pathways that influence the differentiation of PSCs to PFE. Firstly, using a novel mouse reporter PSC line we develop a protocol that generates a Pax9 expressing population that is enriched for PFE markers and upon transplantation can form organized epithelial structures. However, since this protocol was inefficient for human PSCs, we subsequently identified additional signaling pathways required for the efficient generation of human PFE and determined a key role for retinoic acid. Upon transplantation, the human PFE gives rise to TECs, a ventral PFE derivative. Finally, to facilitate future investigation into the gene regulatory networks in PFE, we develop a CRISPR-effector system to modulate endogenous gene expression in PSCs. We demonstrate that developmentally relevant genes can be repressed or induced, thereby influencing the cellular state. These data present strategies to generate cells of the PFE lineage from PSCs, facilitating the production of cells for patient-specific disease modeling or cell replacement therapies, and a method to interrogate gene and regulatory element function in PFE and its derivatives.
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Poff, Boris, and Aregai Tecle. "Soil Water Impacts from Forest Treatment to Prevent Catastrophic Wildfires in a Ponderosa Pine Forest Ecosystem." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296622.

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Gamser, M. S. "Innovation, user participation, and forest energy development." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375856.

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The thesis examines the process of technical change in industrialized and developing country situations, and extracts lessons from this analysis for the design and implementation of forest energy development programmes. It notes how the role of technology users is of great importance in innovation" whether this process involves "high technology" development in large, competitive firms, or "appropriate technology" development to meet basic needs in poor, rural communiti~s. In reviewing the results of the past ten years of work in renewable energy programmes in developing nations, it finds that a major factor in the poor performance of such work is the lack of provision for user participation in innovation. Forest energy development programmes, which have been an important part of renewable energy development assistance, also have suffered from this insufficient attention to technology users. It is postulated that new approaches to forest energy development that provide for a more interactive relationship between R&D establishments and technology Llsers will have greater. success in bringing about innovations in this sector. The experience of charcoal production, charcoal stove, and forestry development under the Sudan Renewable Energy Project, supported by the Sudan Energy Research Council and the US Agency for International Development, demonstrates the positive results of just this sort of interactive innovation strategy. The SREP, in its ~ priori commitment to user participation, uncovers valuable resources of indigenous technical knowledge and skills, which play an integral part in the design and dissemination of these 3 forest energy technologies. The project's success provides an empirical justification of the importance of technology users to the innovation process, and its example h~s larger implications for renewable energy development, government R&D management, and development assistance policy.
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Books on the topic "Foregut Development"

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Dohrenbusch, Achim, and Norbert Bartsch, eds. Forest Development. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55663-0.

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Gadow, Klaus von. Modelling forest development. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

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Von Gadow, Klaus, and Gangying Hui. Modelling Forest Development. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4816-0.

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Service, United States Forest. Forest Service research & development. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 2005.

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Service, United States Forest. Forest Service research & development. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 2005.

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Service, United States Forest. Forest Service research & development. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 2005.

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Canada. Forest resource development agreement. Toronto: COFRDA, 1985.

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Papua New Guinea. National Parliament. National Executive Council, ed. National forestry development guidelines. Port Moresby: Papua New Guinea, 2009.

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Neville, Tim. National forestry development guidelines. Port Moresby: Independent State of Papua New Guinea, 1993.

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Alden, John N., J. Louise Mastrantonio, and Søren Ødum, eds. Forest Development in Cold Climates. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1600-6.

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Book chapters on the topic "Foregut Development"

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Yang, Liying, Patrick S. Yachimski, Eoin Brodie, Karen E. Nelson, and Zhiheng Pei. "Foregut Microbiome, Development of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma, Project." In Encyclopedia of Metagenomics, 186–89. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7475-4_709.

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Yang, Liying, Patrick S. Yachimski, Eoin Brodie, Karen E. Nelson, and Zhiheng Pei. "Foregut Microbiome, Development of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma, Project." In Encyclopedia of Metagenomics, 1–5. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6418-1_709-1.

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Leuschner, C. "Forest succession and water resources: soil hydrology and ecosystem water turnover in early, mid and late stages of a 300-yr-long chronosequence on sandy soil." In Forest Development, 1–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55663-0_1.

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Dohrenbusch, A., M. Bredemeier, and N. Lamersdorf. "Environmental impacts on forest ecosystems." In Forest Development, 69–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55663-0_2.

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Bartsch, N., J. Bauhus, and T. Vor. "Effects of management practices on ecosystem processes in European beech forests." In Forest Development, 109–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55663-0_3.

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Meiwes, K. J. "Forest restoration on degraded sites." In Forest Development, 167–215. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55663-0_4.

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Cheshmehzangi, Ali, Ayotunde Dawodu, and Ayyoob Sharifi. "Forest City Development." In Sustainable Urbanism in China, 159–77. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003027126-9.

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Von Gadow, Klaus, and Gangying Hui. "Modelling stand development." In Modelling Forest Development, 26–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4816-0_3.

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Von Gadow, Klaus, and Gangying Hui. "Introduction." In Modelling Forest Development, 1–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4816-0_1.

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Von Gadow, Klaus, and Gangying Hui. "Projecting regional timber resources." In Modelling Forest Development, 15–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4816-0_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Foregut Development"

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Varner, Victor D., Dmitry A. Voronov, and Larry A. Taber. "Mechanics of Embryonic Head Fold Morphogenesis." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193032.

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Head fold morphogenesis constitutes the first discernible epithelial folding event in the embryonic development of the chick. It arises at Hamburger and Hamilton (HH) stage 6 (approximately 24 hours into a 21-day incubation period) and establishes the anterior extent of the embryo [1]. At this stage, the embryonic blastoderm is composed of three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm), which are organized into a flat layered sheet that overlies the fibrous vitelline membrane (VM). Within this blastodermal sheet, a crescent-shaped head fold develops just anterior to the elongating notochord, spanning across the embryonic midline at the rostral end of neural plate. At the crest of this fold, the bilateral precardiac plates fuse in a cranial to caudal direction and give rise to the primitive heart tube and foregut [2, 3]. An understanding of head fold morphogenesis may thus offer insight into how embryonic tissues are arranged to make ready for proper cardiac formation.
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Ramasubramanian, Ashok. "A Computational Model for Gut Looping." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19099.

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In chick embryos, a series of complex invaginations involving the three germ layers (endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm) lead to the formation of the primitive gut tube. This process normally occurs during the third day of development, at the end of which the gut appears as an open cylindrical tube (Fig.1A). By the end of the fourth day, the tube is closed except in the middle section, which is connected to the yolk sac (Fig. 1B). The gut at this stage is typically divided into three sections: the foregut, midgut, and hindgut. Now starts the process of gut looping that transforms the initially straight gut tube into the complex intestinal system of the adult chick. The focus of this study is on shape changes that occur between the fourth and fifth days of incubation when the straight gut tube is transformed into an s-shaped one (Fig. 1C). This occurs as the primitive gut tube undergoes rapid elongation, twisting, and rotation causing three distinct bends (the duodenal loop, umbilical loop, and the duodenal-jejunal flexure) to appear simultaneously by the end of the fifth day. Borrowing the term used to describe a similar process in heart development, this initial phase of gut looping is referred to as “s-looping of the gut” in this study.
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FREIMANE, Lāsma, and Mārtiņš AILTS. "RESPONSE REACTION OF SCOTS PINE PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. AFTER FOREST FIRE IN FOREST SITE TYPE HYLOCOMIOSA." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.072.

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Many factors explain the importance of the research: role of forest industry in Latvian national economy, predicted climate changes in future that foresee better conditions for forest fires, and the fact that until this moment in Latvia there is very little research about radial growth dynamic after forest fire. Object of the research is surface fire affected middle-age managed Scots pine stands in forest site type Hylocomiosa. The empirical material was collected in 500 m2 large circular sample plots in both fire affected and fire unaffected parts of forest stands. At sample plots, dendrometric parameters of trees were measured. After low to medium intensity surface fire forest stand radial growth dynamics is positive, but effect of forest fire impact is negligible – in six year period six cubic meters per hectare or in average one cubic meter per hectare per year. Forest fire significantly does not affect mortality of trees in middle-age Scots pine forest stand in forest site type Hylocomiosa, p = 0.19 > α= 0.05. Minimal financial loss as result of deadwood volume after forest fire is 2179.00 EUR ha-1.
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ABRAITIENĖ, Jolita, Gerda ŠILINGIENĖ, Rasa VAITKEVIČIŪTĖ, and Regina VASINAUSKIENĖ. "THE DIVERSITY OF HERBACEOUS VEGETATION AFTER FOREST FIRE." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.105.

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Forest fire is an uncontrolled combustion of flammable materials in forested and non-forested areas. In Lithuania forest fires mainly occur in late spring and summer, mostly in young coniferous forests (Forest ..., 1987). The studies of herbaceous plants in fireplaces were carried out in 2016 in Jurbarkas SFE. Ground-level forest fire increased the projection coverage of herbaceous plants and their species composition in the fireplaces. According to the average data of the survey, 18 herbaceous plant species were ascertained in the fireplace and 14 species in the control stand. During the first year after fire, 9 new species were recorded in the fireplace and 5 species have disappeared, while in the seventh year - 7 new species were recorded and 1 disappeared, as compared with the control stand. Summarizing the obtained data it can be stated that low-intensity ground-level forest fire in pine forest increased the number of herbaceous plant species, however, the number of new and extinct species has been gradually decreasing, suggesting that in the fireplaces the diversity of herbaceous plant species will be like in the control stand.
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ATKOČIŪNIENĖ, Vilma, and Shaik Ilyas MOHAMMED. "PARTICULARITIES OF AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE BLACK FOREST: CLIMATE CHANGE AND MANAGEMENT ASPECTS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.239.

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The current European Union’s and state agricultural support is more focused on the modernization of farms in technological terms, coupled with the intensification of production, and weakly focused on the farm exclusivity and diversification. This creates a minor motivation for farmers to address the issues related to climate change mitigation. The main attention in the article is concentrated on two themes: climate change and forest management. The main research methods were used: analysis and generalization of scientific literature, interview, logical and systematically reasoning, comparison, abstracts and other methods. The farms in the lower mountain ranges of Germany will change different climate conditions analyzed in the 2017 summer. Sustainable framing wide term in black forest, forest lands, organic farms, are depending or considering the climate cycles. In economic social conditions of Germany, black forest farming is so sensitive towards ancient methods of farming and their equations with the current environment. In simple terms, black forest sustainable framing is farming ecological by promoting methods and practices that are economically viable. It does not only particular about economic aspects of farming perhaps on the use of non-renewable factors in the process of thoughtful and effective farming. Agriculture land of Black Forest contributes to the nutrient and healthy food to reach high standard of living of the black forest society.
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RÖHLE, Heinz. "GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND MANAGEMENT IN MIXED FOREST STANDS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.122.

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In 2017, the global population stands at about 7.6 billion. Due to the medium variant of the population projections, developed by the UN, the world population will grow to nearly 10 billion by the middle of this century. As a consequence, the worldwide demand for wood will increase. Therefore, the forest sector has to develop concepts in order to cope with the increasing demand for wood, the altering environmental conditions and the challenge of climate change. Modified silvicultural treatment programs may contribute to solving these questions. Appropriate measures are the conversion of pure stands into mixed stands, the promotion of natural regeneration instead of artificial regeneration and the creation of structured forests consisting of indigenous or foreign tree species, which are better adapted to climate change and/or are growing faster. Mixed stands often exceed the volume as well as the biomass productivity of pure stands and increase the biodiversity of forest landscapes. Forest simulation models are a prerequisite for the management of mixed stands. They provide enhanced opportunities of planning for forest conversion and facilitate the decision support in forest practice. These model approaches support the development of goal oriented thinning programs and make it possible to test and optimize alternative silvicultural concepts without the establishment of experimental plots. The Bavarian State Forest Enterprise (Bayerische Staatsforsten) is managing 808731 ha of forest area in the southern part of Germany. Since 2005 this enterprise is converting pure, coniferous stands (> 200000 ha of forest area) into mixed, uneven-aged forests. A simulation program (single tree simulator) is used in order to achieve this goal.
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KALVITE, Zane, Zane LIBIETE, and Arta BARDULE Arta BARDULE. "FOREST MANAGEMENT AND WATER QUALITY IN LATVIA: IDENTIFYING CHALLENGES AND SEEKING SOLUTIONS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.146.

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Rise in human population, industrialization, urbanization, intensified agriculture and forestry pose considerable risks to water supply and quality both on global and regional scale. While freshwater resources are abundant in Latvia, during recent years increased attention has been devoted to water quality in relation to anthropogenic impacts. Forest cover in Latvia equals 52% and forest management and forest infrastructure building and maintenance are among the activities that may, directly or indirectly, affect water quality in headwater catchments. Sedimentation, eutrophication and export of hazardous substances, especially mercury (Hg), are of highest concern. To address these topics, several initiatives have started recently. In 2011, cooperation programme between Latvian State Forest Research Institute (LSFRI) “Silava” and JSC “Latvia’s State Forests” was launched to evaluate the impact of forest management on the environment. This programme included research on the efficiency of water protection structures used at drainage system maintenance (sedimentation ponds, overland flow) and regeneration felling (bufferzones). In 2016, within the second stage of this cooperation programme, a study on the impact of forest management on water quality (forest road construction, drainage system maintenance, felling) was started on a catchment scale. Since 2016 LSFRI Silava is partner in the Interreg Baltic Sea Region Programme project “Water management in Baltic forests”. By focusing on drainage systems, riparian zones and beaver activity, this project aims at reducing nutrient and Hg export from forestry sites to streams and lakes. While this project mostly has a demonstration character, it will also offer novel results on Hg and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in beaver ponds in all participating states. This paper aims at summarizing most important challenges related to the impact of forest management on water quality and corresponding recent initiatives striving to offer solutions.
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KLAVINS, Ivars, Arta BARDULE, and Zane LIBIETE. "CHANGES IN MACRONUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS IN SOIL SOLUTION FOLLOWING REGENERATION FELLING IN PINE AND SPRUCE STANDS: WHOLE-TREE HARVESTING VERSUS STEM-ONLY HARVESTING." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.172.

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While conventional forest management in boreal and hemiboreal conditions has traditionally been targeted to use and enhance mainly provisioning services like timber production, the main goal of national and European forest policy is to ensure sustainable management of European forests in all aspects. Regeneration felling is a major disturbance in boreal and hemiboreal forests resulting in significant increase of organic matter on the forest floor in the form of logging residues (bark, small branches, tree tops) and severed roots (in case of stump harvesting), and can increase the risk of nutrient leaching. Recently, concern about the effect of forest management impact on macronutrient leaching potentially decreasing nutrient availability for the next forest generations and causing deterioration of water quality has been raised. In 2011, three objects to study the impact of different intensity regeneration felling (stem-only harvesting and whole-tree harvesting) were established in scientific research forests in Kalsnava forest district, eastern part of Latvia. Two sites were located on mineral soils (Myrtillosa and Hylocomiosa site type, dominant tree species Pinus sylvestris L.) and one on drained peat soil (Oxalidosa turf. mel. site type, dominant tree species Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Felling was performed in early spring 2013 with harvester, timber was extracted and logging residues were removed with forwarder, following “business as usual” principle. Soil solution samples were collected once or twice a month in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. This study presents trends of pH and macronutrient (NO3--N, PO43--P, K) concentrations during five years – one year before harvesting and four years following harvesting. In general, significant forest management impact expressed as increase of macronutrient concentrations in soil solution was detected in the second and third year after harvesting, but in the fourth year concentrations started to decrease again.
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MOZGERIS, Gintautas, Ina BIKUVIENĖ, and Donatas JONIKAVICIUS. "THE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF USING AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING FOR FOREST INVENTORIES IN LITHUANIA." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.023.

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The aim of this study was to test the usability of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data for stand-wise forest inventories in Lithuania based on operational approaches from Nordic countries, taking into account Lithuanian forest conditions and requirements for stand-wise inventories, such as more complex forests, unified requirements for inventory of all forests, i.e. no matter the ownership, availability of supporting material from previous inventories and high accuracy requirements for total volume estimation. Test area in central part of Lithuania (area 2674 ha) was scanned using target point density 1 m-2 followed by measurements of 440 circular field plots (area 100–500 m2). Detailed information on 22 final felling areas with all trees callipered (total area 42.7 ha) was made available to represent forest at mature age. Updated information from conventional stand-wise inventory was made available for the whole study area, too. A two phase sampling with nonparametric Most Similar Neighbor estimator was used to predict point-wise forest characteristics. Total volume of the stand per 1 ha was predicted with an root mean square error of 18.6 %, basal area – 17.7 %, mean diameter – 13.6 %, mean height – 7.9 % and number of tree – 42.8 % at plot-level with practically no significant bias. However, the relative root mean square errors increased 2–4 times when trying to predict forest characteristics by three major groups of tree species – pine, spruce and all deciduous trees taken together. Main conclusion of the study was that accuracy of predicting volume using ALS data decreased notably when targeting forest characteristics by three major groups of tree species.
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TURCZAK, Anna. "THE VOLUME OF WOOD FOREST RESOURCES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.035.

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The contributions of forests to the well-being of humankind are extraordinarily vast and far-reaching. They are an important element in mitigating climate change. The aim of the paper is to determine the influence of particular factors on the diversity of the European Union countries in terms of the amount of wood forest resources compared with the country size. Two factors affecting the variable have been analysed in the paper: 1) the growing stock per 1 hectare of forest area and 2) the quotient of the forest area and the land area without inland water. Those two independent variables are directly proportional to the dependent variable, thus the higher the growing stock density and the higher the forest cover, the bigger the amount of wood forest resources of the analysed country. The causal analysis allowed to answer the question how the two factors affect the variable considered in the twenty eight countries, namely, what the direction and the strength of their influence are. The logarithmic method was used to carry out the causal analysis. The average results obtained for the entire European Union were compared with those received for each country separately and, on this basis, final conclusions were drawn. Data for 2005, 2010 and 2015 have been used for all needed calculations.
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Reports on the topic "Foregut Development"

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Nicholls, David. Forest products cluster development in central Arizona—implications for landscape-scale forest restoration. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-898.

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May, Dennis M. Development and status of Arkansas' primary forest products industry. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/so-rb-152.

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Kline, Jeffrey D., and David L. Azuma. Evaluating forest land development effects on private forestry in eastern Oregon. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-572.

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G., Medina, Pokorny B., and Campbell B.M. Favouring local development in the Amazon: lessons from community forest management initiatives. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/002529.

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P., Katila, Galloway G., de Jong W., and Pacheco P. Synergistic policies and measures are the key to advancing sustainable forest management and forest-based development: Prerequisite conditions for SFM. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/005149.

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von Hagen, Bettina, and Roger D. Fight. Opportunities for conservation-based development of nontimber forest products in the Pacific Northwest. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-473.

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Cooke, William H. Development of a Methodology for Predicting Forest Area for Large-Area Resource Monitoring. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rp-24.

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Cooke, William H. Development of a Methodology for Predicting Forest Area for Large-Area Resource Monitoring. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rp-24.

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Call, Jessica, and Jennifer Hayes. A description and comparison of selected forest carbon registries: a guide for States considering the development of a forest carbon registry. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-107.

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Call, Jessica, and Jennifer Hayes. A description and comparison of selected forest carbon registries: a guide for States considering the development of a forest carbon registry. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-107.

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