To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Foreign exchange reserves.
Journal articles on the topic 'Foreign exchange reserves'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Foreign exchange reserves.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Zhang, Jiahao. "Analysis on the Impact of the Foreign Exchange Reserves of China on Its Macro Economy." E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 01159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123301159.
Full textAbstract:
China has the largest foreign exchange reserve in the world, but the high foreign exchange reserve is a double-edged sword for the country. There are two kinds of analysis for this. First, China's foreign exchange reserves have far exceeded the reasonable scale, which will cause China to pay extremely high management costs. Second, China's foreign exchange reserves are considerable, but this is the objective demand of the economy. Sufficient foreign exchange reserves can make China occupy a favorable position in international development. Based on the data on China's foreign exchange reserve, foreign debt scale and GDP from 1985 to 2019, this paper analyzes the positive and negative effects of high foreign exchange reserve on China's economic development. By analyzing the current situation of China's foreign exchange, the author gives some policy suggestions: (1) appropriately reduce foreign exchange reserves; (2) promote the reform of the exchange rate system; (3) reform the foreign exchange system
2
Pratama, Septian Angga, and Yuni Prihadi Utomo. "Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Cadangan Devisa Periode 2000-2019." Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business 6, no. 2 (September 26, 2022): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v6i2.616.
Full textAbstract:
Foreign exchange reserves is foreign currencies that are reserved at the central bank for the purposes of financing development and foreign transactions such as imports, foreign debt payments, investments and other financing. Foreign exchange reserves are very influential on the economic activities of a country. The amount of foreign exchange reserves can be used as an indicator to assess the country's resilience in facing the economic crisis. This study aims to determine the impact of exports, imports, inflation, exchange rates, foreign investment and foreign debt on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves during the period 2000-2019 using the Ordinary Least Square approach. The results show that exports, foreign investment, and foreign debt have a positive effect on foreign exchange reserves, while imports and exchange rates have a negative effect on foreign exchange reserves. Meanwhile, inflation has no effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves during the 2000-2019 period.
3
Rahim, Muhammad Abdur, and Zahangin Alam. "Foreign Exchange Reserves." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 2, no. 4 (October 21, 2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v2i4.159.
Full textAbstract:
This study is about foreign exchange reserves of Bangladesh. The main purpose of this study is to the influence of exchange rateson foreign exchange reserves to the Bangladesh context. Both the primary and secondary data has been used in this study. The primary data has been collected through a structured questionnaire from 50 respondents. The secondary data, namely Bangladesh foreign exchange reserves (FER), Bangladesh current account balance (CAB), Bangladesh capital and financial account balance (CFAB), and BDT/USD exchange rates (ER). This study covers yearly data from July 01, 1996 to June 30, 2005 and quarterly data from July 01, 2005 to June 30, 2012. Findings of this study shows that out of the selected 16 factors affecting foreign exchange reserves, exchange rates occupy the first position, weighted average score (WAS) being 4.56. Foreign exchange reserves (FER) and current account balance (CAB) have increased by 502.9087% and 1451.218%, whereas capital and financial account (CFAB) has decreased by -649.024% on June 30, 2012 compared to June 30, 1997. The influence of other factors held constant, as ER changes by 285.6894 units due to one unit change in FER, on average in the same direction which represents that ER has positive effect on the FER and this relationship is statistically significant. 62.1526 percent of the variation in FER is explained by ER. The outcomes of Breusch-Godfrey test (LM test), ARCH test, and the Normality test are that there is a serial correlation among residuals, the variance of residuals is not constant, and the residuals are not normally distributed.
4
Mahmudah, Binti Khoirul. "Pengaruh ekspor impor terhadap cadangan devisa di Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Keuangan 8, no. 1 (January 23, 2019): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32639/jiak.v8i1.205.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze the amount of foreign exchange reserve in Indonesia. And the effect of exsports and imports on foreign exchange reserve in Indonesia. This data usade are secondary data derived from The Central Statistics Agency and Indonesian Banks. This research uses a quantitative analysis. Analysis to see whether the exsport and import factors significantly affect the foreign exchanges reserves in indonesia. Based on the regresion result in the know that exports have a positive and significant impact on Indonesian,s foreign exchange reserve while imports have a negative and significant impact on indonesian,s foreign exchange reserve.
Keywords : Export, Import, Foreign Exchange
5
Narkevich, S. "International Practices in Foreign Exchange Reserves Management." World Economy and International Relations 60, no. 2 (2016): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2016-60-2-40-51.
Full textAbstract:
The paper explores modern international practices in foreign exchange reserves management. First, key goals of FX reserves management are presented. According to the goals, there are two dimensions of reserve portfolio management that are employed by monetary authorities: achieving optimal size of the portfolio and constructing optimal structure of the portfolio. Then, general rules of FX reserves management are discussed. Best practices developed by IMF and major world central banks require several salient features to be implemented into the reserve management framework. The strategy of reserve management and its targets should be clearly defined with basic principles ingrained in the everyday routine of portfolio managers. Technological and organizational practices should produce a reliable and efficient operational system that processes transactions quickly and without interruptions. Sufficient flexibility and possibilities for upgrade should be factored into all IT-systems. Reserve facilities and back-up systems need to be created and installed in advance so that they can be put into use instantly and provide uninterrupted functioning and transactions execution. Risk management framework should incorporate rules dealing with all major types of risks and at the same time meeting operational targets that are specific to central banks as portfolio managers. Thus, among the most important questions of risk management is matching ample liquidity of the portfolio with the necessity to maintain its value and provide some extra yield. This directly influences the asset structure of FX reserves portfolio with large share of high-rated and liquid assets (mostly sovereign issued bonds). Finally, FX reserves management system in Japan and Norway are analyzed. With 2nd largest reserves portfolio in the world Japan pays surprisingly low attention to FX portfolio management keeping most of its reserves in highly liquid US-issued papers. Norway’s experience of managing its oil and gas revenues provides insights in how it should be done in an efficient manner for a resource-exporting country.
6
Verma, Aman, and Suman Bhakri. "DETERMINANTS OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES IN INDIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 2 (March 3, 2021): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i2.2021.3493.
Full textAbstract:
Motivation/Background: A country holds foreign exchange reserves for maintaining liquidity and safety. The country possess certain amount of foreign reserves to meet their day to day operations and to meet the unforeseen contingencies. The optimum level of reserves helps a country to be self-reliant and have a self-sufficiency to meet their payment obligations.
Methods: The paper has used double log regression model to find out the relevant and significant determinants of foreign exchange reserves in India. There are several factors like exchange rate regime, quality of institutions, history of financial crisis, degree of openness, country to country differences, dominate in conceptualizing and measuring reserve adequacy for any country.
Results: The results of the current study shows that inflow of FDI, exchange rate, exports, short term debt and time affects the value of foreign exchange reserves in India.
Conclusion: The study concludes that there are four major macroeconomic factors that affect the value of foreign exchange reserves and it is statistically significant also. The current paper can be of great use for the policy makers of India, in a way that they should consider the relevant determinants of foreign exchange reserves while accumulating it.
7
Monita, Siska, and Devi Andriyani. "PENGARUH EKSPOR DAN IMPOR MINYAK MENTAH TERHADAP CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA TAHUN 1996-2018." JURNAL EKONOMIKA INDONESIA 10, no. 1 (July 13, 2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/ekonomika.v10i1.4508.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze the effect of exports and imports of crude oil on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia from 1996 to 2018. This study uses secondary data and multiple linear regression to analyze the data. The results partially show that crude oil exports have a negative and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves, and Crude oil imports have a positive and significant effect on the foreign exchange reserve. Simultaneously, exports of crude oil and imports of crude oil have a positive and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. The amount of influence is 0.7661 or 76.61%, while the rest is influenced by other variables outside the model of 23.39%. Bank Indonesia should maintain the balance of foreign exchange reserves, and the Government can provide policies to the public, especially those who are going to the export to find it easier to fulfill the requirements and must suppress imports growthKeywords:Crude Oil Exports, Crude Oil Imports, Foreign Exchange Reserves.
8
Li, Xing, and Tianhai Tian. "A New Cost-Profit Model for Measuring the Optimal Scale of China’s Foreign Exchange Reserve." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9261279.
Full textAbstract:
The fast increase of foreign exchange reserve in developing countries has raised a number of important financial questions in recent years. The analysis of the optimal scale of the foreign exchange reserve can provide important indicator to measure the strength and stability of country’s financial standing. In this work we propose a cost-profit model and use the financial data during 2000 to 2008 to analyze the optimal scale of China’s foreign exchange reserve. We identify a number of financial factors to measure the cost and profit of holding the reserves. Our prediction suggested that China’s foreign exchange reserves were still within the moderate range in 1999–2001. However, during 2002–2008 the foreign exchange reserve began to exceed the appropriate scale, and this upward trend was accelerated each year.
9
Khan, Karim, and Eatzaz Ahmed. "The Demand for International Reserves: A Case Study of Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 44, no. 4II (December 1, 2005): 939–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v44i4iipp.939-957.
Full textAbstract:
Foreign exchange reserves have clear implications for exchange rate stability, financial markets, and hence, for overall economic activity. Stakeholders have different views about reserves holding. Some economists believe that foreign exchange reserves are useless and unutilised as Friedman (1953) criticised the fixed exchange rate system with the argument that it contains unutilised foreign exchange reserves. On the other hand, some economists argue that foreign exchange reserves should be there to smooth out the imbalances in balance of payments [see Kemal (2002)]. There is continuous debate about the need to hold reserves.1 The critics are worried about the cost of holding reserves. The cost of holding reserves is the investment that nations must forego in order to accumulate reserves. In contrast, the supporters of reserves holding argue that the cost of reserves holding is small compared to the economic consequences of exchange rate variations. For instance, a depreciation in the value of the currency, caused by either financial crises or others internal or external shocks, may raise a country’s costs of paying back debt denominated in foreign currency as well as its costs of imported items. Besides, it also creates high inflation expectations.
10
Belkin, V., and V. Storozhenko. "The Rational Use of Russia's Foreign Exchange Reserves: The structure of foreign exchange reserves." Problems of Economic Transition 50, no. 9 (January 1, 2008): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/pet1061-1991500903.
Full text
11
Alda Heriyatma, Elok Fitriani Rafikasari, and Moh Farih Fahmi. "THE EFFECT OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, EXPORTS, IMPORTS, EXCHANGE RATES, INFLATION AND EXTERNAL DEBT ON INDONESIA'S FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES IN 2017-2020 (STUDY FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE)." Qawãnïn Journal of Economic Syaria Law 6, no. 2 (December 29, 2022): 177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/qaw.v6i2.156.
Full textAbstract:
Indonesia is a country that cannot be separated from international relations. In addition, it also has a major influence in the event iof fluctuations in the world economy caused by adopting an open economic system. By conducting international relations, of course, it can increase foreign exchange reserves which of course provide benefits for the country. Indonesia itself has little foreign exchange reserves available because it is used to pay off the government's foreign debt and high import costs. If a country makes foreign loans continuously, the amount of foreign exchange reserves will decrease, so that the economy becomes sluggish. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of gross domestic product, exports, imports, exchange rates, inflation and foreign debt on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves. The sample in this study is 48 data from 2017-2020. This research method is a quantitative approach with data analysis using classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing and coefficient of determination test with data processing test equipment, namely SPSS version 16. The results show that partially (1) gross domestic product has a positive and positive effect. significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, (2) exports have a positive and significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, (3) imports have a negative and significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, (4) the exchange rate has a negative and significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, (5) inflation does not have a significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, (6) foreign debt has a positive and significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, (7) simultaneously gross domestic product, exports, imports, exchange rates, inflation and foreign debt have a positive and significant effect on Indonesia’s foreign exchange reserves
12
Murni, Anggia, Umaruddin Usman, Jariah Abubakar, and Mutia Rahmah. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE NUMBER OF FOREIGN TOURISTS AND FOREIGN DEBT TO FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES IN INDONESIA." Journal of Malikussaleh Public Economics 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jmpe.v4i2.6042.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the effect of the number of foreign tourists and foreign debt on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from 2005 to 2019. Data are analyzed by using multiple linear regression (Ordinary Least Squares). The result showed that the foreign tourists and foreign debt do not influence foreign exchange reserves. Simultaneously, the number of foreign tourists and foreign debt affected the foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.839184, which indicates that the influence of the number of foreign tourists and foreign debt on foreign exchange reserves was 0.839184 or 83.91%, and the remaining 16.09% was influenced by other variables outside of this study.
13
Sitek, Paweł. "Management of Foreign Exchange Reserves of the European Central Bank." Przegląd Prawa i Administracji 127 (December 31, 2021): 499–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1134.127.33.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the article is to analyze the foreign exchange reserves of the European Central Bank and the methods of their modern management. As a result of the study, it was proven that when implementing foreign reserve management policy, the European Central Bank and national central banks should pursue the objectives of the current monetary policy for future generations. Foreign exchange reserves are a special good that only the current generation and the current government cannot use. The character of the article implies different research methods: analysis of the sources of law, legal dogmatic, comparative dogmatic method. The analysis carried out as part of the study indicates that management of foreign exchange reserves of ECB has an impact on intergenerational justice.
14
Fakhrurrazi, Fakhrurrazi, and Hijri Juliansyah. "Analisis Hubungan Ekspor, Pembayaran Hutang Luar Negeri Dan Nilai Tukar Terhadap Cadangan Devisa Indonesia." JURNAL EKONOMIKA INDONESIA 10, no. 1 (July 13, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/ekonomika.v10i1.4505.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to determine the relationship between exports, foreign debt payments, and the exchange rates on the foreign exchange reserves of Indonesia in 1988-2019. This study uses secondary data for 31 years and uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) analysis method to analyze the data. The results of this study indicate that all variables have no relationship between variables, only on the foreign exchange reserves to exports. In short-term testing, the export does not have a significant effect on foreign exchange reserves, and the foreign debt payment and the exchange rate have a significant effect on foreign exchange reserves. However, in the long run, all variables do not have a significant effect on foreign exchange reserves.Keywords:Exports, Foreign Debt Payment, Exchange Rates, Foreign Exchange Reserves, ARDL
15
Eulia, Nanda, Syaparuddin Syaparuddin, and Parmadi Parmadi. "Pengaruh ekspor, tingkat inflasi dan nilai tukar mata uang terhadap cadangan devisa (studi di Indonesia dan Malaysia)." e-Journal Perdagangan Industri dan Moneter 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pim.v9i1.9668.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims at the implications of the development of foreign exchange reserves, exports, inflation, and the exchange rate of the rupiah and Malaysian ringgit for the period 2000-2017, the implications of the effect of exports, inflation, and the rupiah exchange rate on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia and the effect of exports, inflation and the value of the rupiah. exchange rate ringgit against Foreign Exchange Reserves in Malaysia. The type of data used in this study is secondary data which is periodic data from 2000 – 2017, hypothesis testing itself using multiple linear regression equations. The analytical tools used are the joint test (F-Test), Partial Regression Coefficient Test (t-test), and Classical Assumption Test. Based on the t-test analysis, it can be seen that exports cannot affect foreign exchange reserves. Meanwhile, inflation has a negative and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves with a coefficient of 0.159% and the exchange rate has a positive and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves with a coefficient of 1.446%. Keywords: Exports, Inflation, Exchange rates, Foreign reserves
16
Safitri, Yunella, and Dewi Zaini Putri. "ANALISIS DETERMINAN CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jkep.v3i4.12383.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the analysis of the determinants of Indonesia's foreignexchange reserves. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the publications of the relevant agencies. This study uses Multiple Linear Regression analysis. The results of the study: (1) The effect of exports on foreign exchange reserves is insignificant and positive (2) The effect of imports on foreign exchange reserves is positive and not significant, (3) The effect of the exchange rate on foreign exchange reserves is significant and positive, (4) The effect of interest rates to foreign exchange reserves is significant and negative, (5) Simultaneously, the effect of exports, imports, exchange rates and interest rates on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves is significant
17
Hidayah, Syifa Ma’rifatul. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Valuasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan 2, no. 1 (January 20, 2022): 338–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46306/vls.v2i1.106.
Full textAbstract:
Foreign exchange reserves are savings owned by the state for international trade transactions, maintaining monetary stability and paying foreign debts. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of exports, imports, GDP and exchange rates on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves in 1990-2019. This study uses the ECM model which includes stationarity test, cointegration test, long-term test, short-term test, F test, t test, coefficient of determination test ( ) and classical assumption test. The test results show that the export variable has a significant positive effect on foreign exchange reserves, imports have a negative significant effect on foreign exchange reserves, while GDP and the exchange rate have no long or short term effect on foreign exchange reserves
18
Šoja, Tijana. "OPTIMAL LEVEL OF FOREIGN RESERVES – EXAMPLE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA." ЗБОРНИК РАДОВА ЕКОНОМСКОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА У ИСТОЧНОМ САРАЈЕВУ 1, no. 9 (December 31, 2014): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/zrefis1409107s.
Full textAbstract:
The paper points to the conceptualdefinition of foreign exchange reserves, the role,importance and objectives for holding foreignexchange reserves as well as evaluating the requiredamount of foreign exchange reserves, or adequacy offoreign exchange reserves. Foreign exchangereserves are important assets in each country andthey are significantly affected by monetary policy,exchange rate policy or regulation and externalinstability and the impact of the crisis that may comefrom the environment. This paper presents a simpleway of estimates of adequacy and optimality offoreign exchange reserves, which are basis for theanalysis of foreign exchange reserves, as well as inthe construction of statistical and mathematicalmodels that detail the optimal level of internationalreserves. Special review was paid to the assessmentof the adequacy of foreign exchange reserves ofBosnia and Herzegovina, and the Central Bank ofBosnia and Herzegovina.
19
Mildyanti, Rini, and Mike Triani. "ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI CADANGAN DEVISA(STUDI KASUS DI INDONESIA DAN CHINA)." Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 1, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jkep.v1i1.5363.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to determine the factors that influence foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia and China.The research type is descriptive research while the data used is time series data from 1987-2016 obtained from documentation of Bank Indonesia, BPS Indonesia, and International Monetary Fund (IMF). The results of this study indicate that : exchange rate and portfolio investment has a significant positive effect on foreign exchange reserve in Indonesia. Net export has a negatif and not significant effect on foreign exchange reserve in Indonesia. While, exchange rate has a negatif and not significant effect on foreign exchange reserve on China’s. Net export has a significant positive effect on foreign exchange reserve in China’s. While, portfolio investmen has a negative and significant effect on foreign exchange reserve.. Based on this research is expected to provide information about foreign exvhange reserve in Indonesia and China’s as well as the factors that influence,
20
Rahmawati, Surya, and Suriani Suriani. "The Impact of Macroeconomic Indicators on Indonesia’s Foreign Exchange Reserve Position." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 23, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v23i1.17673.
Full textAbstract:
A country’s foreign exchange reserves are its foreign currency savings that can be utilized to finance international transactions. The purpose of this study is to determine how macroeconomic indicators (exports, imports, exchange rates, inflation rates, and foreign debt) influence Indonesia’s foreign currency reserves. The researchers used secondary data in the form of monthly time series, as well as quantitative analysis using multiple linear regression. The model that was used was the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). According to the research, future exports and external debt have a positive impact on Indonesia’s foreign exchange reserves. Indonesia’s foreign exchange reserves are negatively impacted by imports and predicted inflation rates, whereas the rupiah exchange rate has no effect. In the model, there is a short-run to long-run equilibrium relationship. The IRF results show that shocks from other independent variables have little effect on foreign exchange reserves and that the foreign exchange reserves variable contributes the most to the shocks that occur
21
Mahendra, Weri, Fathiyyatur Rahmah, and Zahra Ramadani Jasman. "DETERMINAN CADANGAN DEVISA DI NEGARA ORGANISASI KERJASAMA ISLAM (OKI)." JURNAL DINAMIKA EKONOMI PEMBANGUNAN 5, no. 3 (January 12, 2023): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jdep.5.3.245-257.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted to determine whether exports, remittances, exchange rates and inflation can affect the increase in foreign exchange reserves of the Islamic Cooperation Organization (OIC) in 2011-2020. The results of the study show that exports and remittances have a positive and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves. Meanwhile, the exchange rate does not have a positive and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves and inflation does not have a significant negative effect on the OIC's foreign exchange reserves.
22
Rajanbabu, R., and A. Srilaka. "Analysis on Growth of Foreign Exchange Reserves in India Since 1960-61 to 2017-18." Asian Journal of Managerial Science 8, no. 2 (May 5, 2019): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajms-2019.8.2.1549.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is primarily concerned with an analysis of the growth and trends in the foreign exchange reserves of India. It is based on secondary data and the data reliable for analysis are collected from handbook of statistics on Indian economy and the website of Reserve Bank of India. The study covers the period of 58 years from 1960-1961 to 2017-18. The collected data have been used for analysis with the help of compound growth rate. The analysis of the data reveals that foreign exchange reserves have significantly changed over the years. All the indicators noticed notable growth rate during the period under review. From the overall analysis showed that India holds adequate level of foreign exchange reserves.
23
Juliansyah, Hijri, Putri Moulida, and Apridar Apridar. "Analisis Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhui Cadangan Devisa Indonesia Bukti (Kointegrasi dan Kausalitas)." Jurnal Ekonomi Regional Unimal 3, no. 2 (November 29, 2020): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jeru.v3i2.3204.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze the factors that influence Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves by proving cointegration (long-run relationships) and causality (reciprocal relationships). The data used is time series data during the period January 2014-December 2018. The analytical method used in this study is cointegration test and granger causality with the approach of auto regressive lag (ARDL). The cointegration test results using the Bound test test indicated that between the variables of foreign exchange reserves, exports, the exchange rate, the BI Rate and inflation had a stability relationship of movements in the long run. While the results of the causality test showed that there is a one-way relationship between foreign exchange reserves and exports, and so there was a unidirectional relationship between foreign exchange reserves and the exchange rate and the same relationship between the BI Rate and foreign exchange reserves. Keywords: foreign exchange reserves, exports, exchange rates, BI Rate, inflation.
24
KOZIUK, Viktor. "ROLE OF GOLD IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES OF COMMODITY EXPORTING COUNTRIES." JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN ECONOMY 20, Issue Vol 20, No 2 (2021) (June 2021): 211–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/jee2021.02.211.
Full textAbstract:
The gold is still a reserve asset with specific features yet the variants of reserve management have improved considerably. Tendency to maintain ultra-low real interest rates potentially should affect the upward shift in demand on gold because alternative costs of holding it are declining. Demand for gold has indeed risen from the side of central banks recently. At the same time, there is no consensus in economic literature about optimal share of gold in foreign exchange reserves. However, it is presumed that incentives for more diversification are stronger than reserves hoarding is abnormal. Commodity exporters have accumulated large reserve over the last decades. Thus, their diversification decisions in favour of gold seem to be natural. However, empirical analysis paints a more complicated picture. A) Commodity exporters are getting to be more and more heterogeneous in terms holding gold as a share of foreign assets. Such heterogeneity is more vivid compared to the world as a whole. B) Distribution of gold reserves among commodity exporters is changing toward increasing number of countries with gold holdings over the median size for the group. C) There is direct correlation between global commodity prices and gold holdings in tons, but an inverse relationship in the case of share of gold in reserves. This leads to the conclusion that there are two types of demand on gold: endogenous as a function of gradual hoarding of foreign exchange reserves, and specific, that is driven by specific portfolio management needs and non-economic factors. This finding is consistent with features of holding reserves in countries with large hoarding and strong vulnerability to terms-of-trade shocks and features of political regimes in countries with resource abundance.
25
Fitria, Norita, Aris Soelistyo, and Dwi Susilowati. "ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi JIE 5, no. 3 (September 22, 2021): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jie.v5i3.16250.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to analyze what factors affect foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. The focus in this study is the variables that affect changes in foreign exchange reserves in the 1999-2019 period are non-oil and gas exports, the rupiah exchange rate, foreign debt and inflation as independent variables. Using an open economy model and Keynes's balance of payments, the analytical tools used in this study are the PAM regression model (Partial Adjustment Model) and the adaptive expectation model to see the long-term and short-term effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The results of this study show that simultaneously non-oil and gas exports, the rupiah exchange rate, foreign debt and inflation affect Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, while partially non-oil exports and the rupiah exchange rate significantly and positively affect Indonesia's long-term and short-term foreign exchange reserves, while debt foreign exchange and inflation are not significant and negatively affect long-term and short-term foreign exchange reserves. Non-oil exports, rupiah exchange rate, foreign debt and inflation can explain Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves of 97%, of which the remaining 3% is explained by other variables not included in this study.
26
Fitria, Norita, Aris Soelistyo, and Dwi Susilowati. "ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi JIE 5, no. 3 (September 22, 2021): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jie.v5i3.16250.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to analyze what factors affect foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. The focus in this study is the variables that affect changes in foreign exchange reserves in the 1999-2019 period are non-oil and gas exports, the rupiah exchange rate, foreign debt and inflation as independent variables. Using an open economy model and Keynes's balance of payments, the analytical tools used in this study are the PAM regression model (Partial Adjustment Model) and the adaptive expectation model to see the long-term and short-term effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The results of this study show that simultaneously non-oil and gas exports, the rupiah exchange rate, foreign debt and inflation affect Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, while partially non-oil exports and the rupiah exchange rate significantly and positively affect Indonesia's long-term and short-term foreign exchange reserves, while debt foreign exchange and inflation are not significant and negatively affect long-term and short-term foreign exchange reserves. Non-oil exports, rupiah exchange rate, foreign debt and inflation can explain Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves of 97%, of which the remaining 3% is explained by other variables not included in this study.
27
Fitria, Norita, Aris Soelistyo, and Dwi Susilowati. "ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi JIE 5, no. 3 (September 22, 2021): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jie.v5i3.16250.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to analyze what factors affect foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. The focus in this study is the variables that affect changes in foreign exchange reserves in the 1999-2019 period are non-oil and gas exports, the rupiah exchange rate, foreign debt and inflation as independent variables. Using an open economy model and Keynes's balance of payments, the analytical tools used in this study are the PAM regression model (Partial Adjustment Model) and the adaptive expectation model to see the long-term and short-term effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The results of this study show that simultaneously non-oil and gas exports, the rupiah exchange rate, foreign debt and inflation affect Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, while partially non-oil exports and the rupiah exchange rate significantly and positively affect Indonesia's long-term and short-term foreign exchange reserves, while debt foreign exchange and inflation are not significant and negatively affect long-term and short-term foreign exchange reserves. Non-oil exports, rupiah exchange rate, foreign debt and inflation can explain Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves of 97%, of which the remaining 3% is explained by other variables not included in this study.
28
Layali, Rahmatun, and Suriani Suriani. "Halal Tourism and Foreign Exchange Reserves in Indonesia: Error Correction Model." ETIKONOMI 21, no. 1 (March 16, 2022): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/etk.v21i1.19616.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to look at how the number of tourists and the exchange rate affects Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves before and after the implementation of halal tourism from 2010 to 2019 (monthly). The Paired t-Test model was used to look at the differences in Indonesia before and after halal tourism. By examining the short and long-term effects of tourist numbers and currency rates on foreign exchange reserves using the Error Correction Model. Halal tourism, according to the research, helps Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves. The exchange rate has a negative impact on foreign exchange reserves in this situation. Meanwhile, the number of international visitors has a favourable impact on both short- and long-term foreign exchange reserves. It demonstrates that the tourism sector, particularly halal tourism, can be one of the supporting sectors in increasing the country's foreign exchange, encouraging the government to implement policies to support its tourism industry.How to Cite:Rahmatun, L., & Suriani. (2022). Halal Tourism and Foreign Exchange Reserves in Indonesia: Erroc Correction Model. Etikonomi, 21(1), 177-192. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v21i1.19616.
29
Rahayu, Dwi Puji, and Firdayetti Firdayetti. "DETERMINAN PENGARUH EKSPOR, IMPOR DAN PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO TERHADAP CADANGAN DEVISA INDONESIA." Media Ekonomi 29, no. 1 (October 19, 2021): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/me.v29i1.9113.
Full textAbstract:
This research is designed analyze the influence of export, import and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) factors on Indonesia's Foreign Exchange Reserves in 1990-2019. In this study we use 30 observations. The dependent variable in this study is Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, while the independent variableare exports, imports and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). To see the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, we use multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the result of determination coefficient, we can conclude that simultaneously all of independent variables (exports, imports and GDP) jointly affect the combined variable (Indonesian foreign exchange reserves) in 1990-2019. The export variable has a positive effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves. Important variables have a significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) variable has a significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves.
30
BHAKRI, SUMAN, and AMAN VERMA. "FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES IN INDIA- A POLICY PERIOD ANALYSIS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 11 (December 11, 2020): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i11.2020.2454.
Full textAbstract:
Motivation/Background: Foreign exchange reserves (forex reserves) received large-scale interest among the developing economies because of rapid increase in globalization, the acceleration of capital flows and the integration of capital markets domestically and globally as well. The expansion in the volume of trade activities and capital inflows in the form of investments and external commercial borrowings (ECBs) has led to the emergence of importance of managing the foreign exchange reserves. Foreign exchange reserves (FER) are regulated and managed by the various countries’ central banks.
Method: The study is divided into four policy periods, namely, Liberalization, Globalization, World Recovery and Global financial crises. It will be using semi log growth equation model with dummy variables to find out the growth rates in foreign exchange reserves for different policy periods. Trends in foreign exchange reserves have been analysed for the period 1991-2017.
Results: The finding of the study presents that the level of foreign exchange reserves are statistically significant in all the policy periods except world recovery, and the growth rates are also significant in all the policy periods.
Conclusion: The current paper can be of great use for the policy makers as it will help them to analyse the trends in foreign exchange reserves in India not only during various policy periods but also in predicting the future trends of the foreign exchange reserves.
31
Son, Byunghwan. "Democracy and Reserves." Foreign Policy Analysis 16, no. 3 (August 12, 2019): 417–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fpa/orz020.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Does democracy affect foreign exchange reserves? This paper identifies four possible explanations for the determinants of foreign exchange reserves. Using the relationship between public goods provision and political regime types as a conceptual centerpiece, it offers a theoretical framework in which these four arguments are pit against each other. The “insurance” and “social cost” arguments posit monotonously positive and negative relationships between democracy and reserves, respectively, each citing democratic governments’ propensity to provide public goods such as financial stability and public spending. The mercantilist and rentier state arguments together put forth a conditional hypothesis that autocracies serve particularistic interests of outwardly (inwardly) oriented elites more than democracies do through weak-currency/large-reserve (strong-currency/small-reserve) policies. Utilizing panel data covering 127 countries from 1975 to 2012, I find that more democratic regimes are associated with larger (smaller) volumes of reserves when the size of exporting sectors is considerably small (large).
32
Ito, Hiro, and Robert N. McCauley. "Currency composition of foreign exchange reserves." Journal of International Money and Finance 102 (April 2020): 102104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2019.102104.
Full text
33
International Monetary Fund. "Currency Composition and Foreign Exchange Reserves." IMF Working Papers 88, no. 61 (1988): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451964844.001.
Full text
34
Astuty, Fuji. "Pengaruh Produk Domestik Bruto, Ekspor Dan Kurs Terhadap Cadangan Devisa Di Indonesia." JPEK (Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Kewirausahaan) 4, no. 2 (December 25, 2020): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/jpek.v4i2.2998.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze the effect of gross domestic product, exports and exchange rate on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. This research is in the form of quantitative based on quantitative data and is associative to see the relationship between variables or more. The data used is time series data from 2001 to 2018 using Eviews 9.0. And sourced from Bank Indonesia, the Central Bureau of statistics and the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. This research uses data analysis technique is multiple linear analysis. The results showed that the variables of gross domestic product, exports and exchange rates have a positive and significant effect on Indonesia’s foreign exchange reserve. The R-square value in this study is 95.36, indicating that 95,36% of the variation in foreign exchange reserves can be explained by the gross domestic product, exchange rates and exports, while the remaining 4.64% is explained by other variables outside of this research model
35
Silaban, Putri Sari M. J. "ANALISIS PENGARUH EKSPOR DAN UTANG LUAR NEGERI TERHADAP CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2000-2021." Niagawan 11, no. 3 (November 6, 2022): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/niaga.v11i3.35877.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of exports and international debt on Foreign Exchange Reserves in Indonesia in 2000-2021. The data used in this study is secondary data time series obtained from the Badan Pusat Statistik and Bank Indonesia. The data analysis used is the classical assumption test (normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test and autocorrelation test), multiple linear regression and statistical tests (test coefficient of determination (R²), t test and F test) using the E-Views 10 application as analysis tool. Our results obtained Exports and Foreign Debt By simultaneously affect the foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia with a significance level α = 5% probability of F statistics obtained value probability of F statistics obtained value <α (0.05) ie 0.000 <0.05. Partially Export positive and significant impact on foreign exchange reserves, and Foreign Debt positive and significant impact on foreign exchange reserves. Variations of factors that influence the foreign exchange reserves is explained by exports and the Foreign Debt jointly effect of 96%. This means that approximately 94% of foreign exchange reserves is explained by the variable Exports and Foreign Debt.
36
Erwina, Tiara, Haryadi Haryadi, and Candra Mustika. "Pengaruh neraca transaksi berjalan, transaksi modal dan utang luar negeri terhadap cadangan devisa Indonesia." e-Jurnal Perspektif Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Daerah 7, no. 2 (August 22, 2018): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pdpd.v7i2.6891.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze: 1) developments in foreign exchange reserves, current account balance, capital transaction and foreign debt; 2) the influence of the current account balance, capital transactions and foreign debt on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves. The data used is secondary data in the form of time series. The results of the study found that: 1) the average development of Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves during the period 1998-2016 was 31.60 percent per year, the current account balance was -28 percent per year, the capital account balance was 46 percent per year and foreign debt was 6.07 percent experienced a surplus from year to year but there was a deficit over the past five years; 2) Simultaneously, the current account balance, capital transactions and foreign debt have a significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves. However, only partially, the capital account balance and foreign debt have a significant effect on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves.
37
Kovačević, Radovan. "Serbia's foreign exchange reserve adequacy and the factors influencing their accumulation." Ekonomski horizonti 23, no. 1 (2021): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekonhor2101033k.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, the adequacy of foreign exchange reserves in Serbia and the factors that influence their accumulation is analyzed by means of an econometric model. The relevant variables, such as the gross domestic product (GDP), the real effective exchange rate (REER) and monetary aggregate M2/GDP are included in the analysis. The unit root tests applied in the research led to the conclusion that the timeseries were integrated of the order I(1). The cointegration test revealed that there was one cointegration equation. The regression model was estimated using the quarterly data for the period from 2002q1 to 2020q3. The estimated cointegration coefficients showed that the economic activity approximated in terms of the gross domestic product (GDP) had a significant influence on foreign exchange reserves accumulation, which is only followed by appreciation pressure on the dinar (approximated by the REER index) and money supply growth (estimated through the monetary aggregate M2/GDP). In addition to conventional factors, the analysis also points out specific factors and their impact on foreign exchange reserve accumulation in Serbia. The results of the research study show that foreign exchange reserves in Serbia are greater than the levels suggested by standard optimality criteria. The findings also suggest that it is necessary to take into account the dividends realized by foreign investors, as well as some segments of portfolio investment in assessing the specific indicator of the adequate level of foreign exchange reserves.
38
Khawaja, M. Idrees, and Musleh-Ud Din. "Instrument of Managing Exchange Market Pressure: Money Supply or Interest Rate." Pakistan Development Review 46, no. 4II (December 1, 2007): 381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v46i4iipp.381-394.
Full textAbstract:
Exchange market pressure (emp) reflects disequilibrium in money market. The traditional approaches used to examine the disequilibrium in money market include the monetary approach to balance of payments and monetary approach to exchange rate. Under the former approach the variation in foreign reserves helps restore the equilibrium while under the latter one the change in exchange rate does the needful.1 The idea of this study stems from the fact that under the managed float exchange rate regime, changes in foreign reserves or changes in exchange rate in isolation are not a sufficient guide to characterise the external account situation of an economy. For example, exchange rate depreciation can be partially avoided or at least delayed if the central bank injects foreign currency in the forex market by letting its foreign reserves deplete. Alternatively, central bank can build up foreign reserves by purchasing foreign currency from the market against domestic currency. Such intervention would curb the exchange rate appreciation demanded by fundamentals. Therefore, focus on either of the two, that is, movement in exchange rate or variation in foreign reserves, to the complete exclusion of the other, is bound to portray a misleading picture of the external account situation. Given the foregoing a composite variable, that incorporates changes in exchange rate as well as variation in foreign reserves, over a certain period, is needed to characterise the condition of external account. The requisite composite variable has been developed by Girton and Roper (1977) as ‘simple sum of exchange rate depreciation and variation in foreign reserves scaled by monetary base’. They refer to it as exchange market pressure (emp).
39
Kurniyawati, Evi, and Mahrus Lutfi Adi K. "ANALISIS STABILITAS CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Dinamika Ekonomi Pembangunan 4, no. 2 (July 28, 2021): 496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/jdep.v4i2.307.
Full textAbstract:
Research on foreign exchange reserves is still important, because apart from being a source of development funding, foreign exchange reserves are also as tool to prevent economic crises. The analysis of foreign exchange reserves is developed by looking at the influence of macroeconomic variables such as inflation, exchange rates and foreign debt using the Autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) approach. The results show that the independent variable in the model has an effect on foreign exchange reserves in the short term, while in the long term the exchange rate variable has an effect on it. Based on the results of the CUSUM and CUSUMQ tests shows the model is stable. Maintaining economic stability and exchange rate stability is an important agenda for policy makers to create resilient domestic economic conditions in facing crises.
40
Adhitya, Bagus. "Analisis Determinan Cadangan Devisa di Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 21, no. 1 (February 8, 2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1237.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze the effect of exports, imports and inflation rates on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. This type of research is quantitative. This research method uses multiple linear regression with the Ordinary Least Square model. The results showed that exports had a positive and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia at 2011-2018. Imports have a negative and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia at 2011-2018. The inflation rate has no positive effect on foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia in 2011-2018. This finding implies that the government must increase exports abroad to suppress imports of foreign products.
41
Rajan, Ramkishen S., and Sasidaran Gopalan. "India's International Reserves: How Large and How Diversified?" Global Economy Journal 10, no. 3 (October 6, 2010): 1850202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1623.
Full textAbstract:
Asymmetric foreign exchange intervention by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has resulted in a sustained accretion of India’s foreign exchange reserves. The reserve buildup in India has certainly been impressive, rising from around US$5-6 million in 1991, to nearly US$300 billion in mid 2008. In addition to addressing the issues of reserve adequacy, this paper examines the forms the reserves have taken (asset and currency composition), and the extent to which India’s reserve holdings are diversified. The issue of reserve adequacy was made apparent during the 1990s and early 2000 when rapid reserve depletion became a defining and determining feature of the series of currency crises that hit emerging economies. In order to assess the adequacy of India’s stock of international reserves, the paper considers a few standard measures used in literature and finds that India’s reserve stock is more than adequate, placing them in a much better position than many other emerging economies. The paper goes on to examine the asset and currency composition of such reserves. More than 50 percent of India’s reserve holdings have been in the form of foreign currencies and deposits as cash, followed by investments in foreign securities and gold deposits, in that order, reflecting a high degree of risk aversion by the RBI in the management of the reserves. While data on asset composition are available, the currency composition of reserves is a well-guarded secret. Hence the paper undertakes some simulation exercises to arrive at some reasonable guesstimates of such a composition. The paper also makes use of the Treasury International Capital Reporting System (TIC) data to track India’s investments in the U.S. securities, thereby assessing the weight of U.S. dollar assets in India’s reserve holdings.
42
Anwar, Anas Iswanto, Bayu Pamungkas Djamal, and Sri Undai Nurbayani. "EFFECTS OF FOREIGN LOANS, INTEREST RATE, AND EXPORT FOR THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES IN INDONESIA 2002-2016." Hasanuddin Economics and Business Review 3, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26487/hebr.v3i2.1942.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of foreign loans, interest rate, and export for the foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia during 2002-2016. This research used secondary data which tends the time-series published by Bank Indonesia, The Ministry of Trade Republic of Indonesia, Central Agency on Statistics Indonesia in the year of 2002-2016. The result of the regression by using ordinary least squares (OLS) method showed that the foreign loans and export take effect positively to the foreign exchange reserves. It indicates that the increase of foreign loans and export could affect the foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia during 2002-2016. Otherwise, the interest rate could not affect the foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia during 2002-2016.
43
Aritonang, Graselita, Amril Amril, and Zulgani Zulgani. "Pengaruh ekspor, utang luar negeri, neraca transaksi berjalan dan neraca transaksi modal terhadap cadangan devisa di Indonesia." e-Journal Perdagangan Industri dan Moneter 8, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pim.v8i1.7861.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to (1) see the description of Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves, exports, foreign debt, current account balance, and capital account balance for the period 1998-2017. (2) analyze the effect of exports, foreign debt, current account balance, and capital account balance on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis with multiple regression model analysis using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The results of this study show that the average development of Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves is 11.87 percent, exports are 7.38 percent, foreign debt is 4.51 percent, the current account balance is 514.89 percent and the capital account balance is 66.92 percent. Based on the results of the analysis carried out by exports, foreign debt, current account balance, and capital account have a positive and significant effect on foreign exchange reserves with a coefficient of determination of 98.37 percent. Keywords: Foreign exchange, export, Foreign debt, Current account, Capital account
44
Uli, Lusia Bunga. "Analisis Cadangan Devisa Indonesia." Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 4, no. 1 (September 5, 2016): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v4i1.3529.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study aims to determine the relationship between variables export, import, and exchange rate against Foreign Exchange Reserves in Indonesia. The data used in the empirical study of a sequence of data monthly time of year 2011.01 through 2014.12 from Bank Indonesia and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The analysis tool used is Auto Regression Vector Model (VAR). The results of this study indicate that the one-way relationship between the variables of foreign reserves and export. Then one-way relationship between exchange rate and exports. Lastly, there is a two-way relationship between imports and foreign exchange reserves, two-way relationship between exchange rate and foreign exchange reserves, two-way relationship between imports and exports, two-way relationship between the exchange rate and imports. The results also showed foreign exchange reserves are significantly influenced by the movement itself at a probability of 1 %. Export variable negative and not significantly affect the foreign exchange reserves. While imports of positive and not significant to the foreign exchange reserves. Foreign Exchange Reserves Indonesia is positively influenced by the exchange rate and not significant. Keywords: Foreign exchange reserves, exports, imports, exchange rate Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa keterkaitan antar variabel ekspor, impor, dan nilai tukar rupiah terhadap Cadangan Devisa Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam kajian empiris ini merupakan data runtutaan waktu bulanan dari tahun 2011.01 sampai 2014. 12 yang berasal dari Bank Indonesia dan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu Vector Autoregression Model (VAR). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hubungan searah antara variabel cadangan devisa ke ekspor. Lalu hubungan searah antara kurs terhadap ekspor Terakhir, terdapat hubungan dua arah antara impor dan cadangan devisa, hubungan dua arah antara kurs dan cadangan devisa, hubungan dua arah antara impor dan ekspor, hubungan dua arah antara kurs dan impor. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukan Cadangan devisa dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh pergerakan dirinya sendiri pada probabilitas 1%. Variabel Ekspor berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan mempengaruhi cadangan devisa. Sedangkan impor berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap cadangan devisa. Cadangan Devisa Indonesia dipengaruhi secara positif dan tidak signifikan oleh kurs. Kata Kunci: Cadangan Devisa, Ekspor, Impor, Kurs
45
Candra, Novri, Idris Idris, and Selli Nelonda. "ANALISIS MAKRO EKONOMI TERHADAP CADANGAN DEVISA INDONESIA (MELALUI PENDEKATAN MONETER)." Ecosains: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 4, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ecosains.10966157.00.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to analyze the change in foreign exchange reserves which are affected by the state of national income, exchange rates, interest rates and inflation. This study was conducted to see the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable in the long term and short term. The method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM). This study shows that the long-term effects of the variables national income and the exchange rate has a significant positive effect on foreign exchange reserves, while in the short term have a negative effect but not significant. Variable interest rates on long-term have a positive effect but not significant and in the short term have a significant negative effect on foreign exchange reserves. Variable inflation in the long term and short term no significant effect on the foreign exchange reserves. Results Error Correction Term (ECT) in this study amounted to 1,065, which means that in the short-term foreign exchange reserves will undergo considerable change and requires quite a long time to come back into balance.Keyword : Reserves, National Income, Exchange Rates, Interest Rates and Inflation ECM, ECT
46
Fetisov, G. "Official Reserves of Russia: Volume, Structure, Management." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 1 (January 20, 2005): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2005-1-49-62.
Full textAbstract:
Criteria of sufficiency of gold and foreign exchange reserves of Russia are considered in the article. Their minimum size by different criteria is equal to 25 bln. USD. So the Central Bank of Russia can trade part of these reserves for Russian Federation's debts to foreign countries. It is also possible to use gold and foreign exchange reserves to refinance commercial banks credits to exporters and implement modernization projects in the economy. This will decrease foreign borrowings of the private sector, improve structure and efficiency of using gold and foreign exchange reserves without damaging stability of the ruble.
47
Fairuuz, Nabila, Fachru Nofrian, and Desmintari Desmintari. "Peranan Jumlah Wisatawan Asing, Nilai Tukar, dan PMDN dalam Sektor Pariwisata terhadap Pendapatan Devisa Pariwisata Indonesia." Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains 3, no. 4 (April 21, 2022): 694–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/jiss.v3i4.570.
Full textAbstract:
Foreign exchange reserves have many indicators that affect their income, one of which is the tourism sector. The tourism sector has an important role as a source of foreign exchange reserves. Tourism activities create demand, both consumption and investment, which can increase the income of foreign exchange reserves in Indonesia. This study uses data from 1990 to 2019. The method used in this study is a multiple linear regression analysis model using the OLS method. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that (1) there is a significant influence between the number of foreign tourists on tourism foreign exchange (2) there is a significant influence between the exchange rate on tourism foreign exchange (3) there is a significant influence between domestic investment in the hotel sector and restaurants to tourism foreign exchange.
48
Rashid, Hafiz Abdur, Ali Raza, Syed Usman Izhar, and Muhammad Waqas Baig. "IMPACT OF FREEZING OF FCAS: THE CASE OF PAKISTAN." Australian Journal of Business and Management Research 01, no. 06 (January 8, 2012): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.52283/nswrca.ajbmr.20110106a01.
Full textAbstract:
Foreign investment and foreign exchange reserves have ample importance for developing countries. So, there is a needed to encourage the foreign and domestic investors whose confidence was suffer by the unexpected decision of freezing of FCAs. The purpose of this study was to identify the areas that were affected after the decision of freezing of FCAs. Moreover, the impact of freezing decision on economy of Pakistan also indicated. More sophisticated impact on banking sector, balance of payment, foreign exchange reserves, foreign debt, and foreign investment. Study found the negative impact of freezing decision of FCAs on foreign banking and positive impact on domestic banking but Pakistan banking sector was disconnected from the international banking; insatiability in balance of payment was increased; the foreign investment and exports was reduced. Resultantly, foreign exchange reserves were reduced and foreign exchange rates was increased. Therefore, it is suggested to increase the confidence of foreign investors in order to increase the foreign investment and foreign exchange reserves. Discussion of conclusions and recommendations were also provided.
49
Ananda Pangesti, Dwi. "ANALISIS PENGARUH KURS, EKSPOR, DAN IMPOR TERHADAP CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA PERIODE TAHUN 1992-2021." Wawasan : Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, Ekonomi dan Kewirausahaan 1, no. 1 (December 4, 2022): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.58192/wawasan.v1i1.194.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims to analyze the influence of exchange rate, exports, and imports on Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves in the period of 1992-2021. The dependent variable is foreign exchange reserves, whereas the independent variables consist of exchange rate, exports, and imports. The research uses secondary data in time series obtained from Indonesia’s World Bank Data. Data are analyzed with VAR (Vector Auto Regression), those analyzed use E-Views 10 apss by including analysis method, which includes stationary tests, stability tests, optimum lag tests, cointegration tests, VAR estimation tests, Engle Granger causality tests, Impulse Response Function (IRF) tests, and Variance Decomposition (VD) tests. The results of the study show that exchange rate variables have a large influence on foreign exchange reserves, while export and import variables have a small effect on foreign exchange reserves.
50
Bosnjak, Mile, Vlatka Bilas, and Gordana Kordic. "Determinants of foreign exchange reserves in Serbia and North Macedonia." Ekonomski anali 65, no. 226 (2020): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka2026103b.
Full textAbstract:
This paper employs a quantile regression approach to explore the determinants and properties of international foreign exchange reserves in Serbia and North Macedonia, at various foreign exchange levels. The observed period covers quarterly data for 2005q1-2019q1. The results reveal quantile-dependent determinants of foreign exchange reserves and enable comparison between the two countries, showing co-movements between monetary policy and economic fluctuations. Following the estimates obtained in this research, the paper compares the role of foreign exchange reserves in Serbia and North Macedonia.