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Journal articles on the topic 'Foreign representative office'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Quer, Diego, and Enrique Claver. "Foreign Direct Investment in China: Beyond the Representative Office." Journal of Asia Business Studies 2, no. 2 (2008): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/15587890880000406.

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Kupchyk, O. "POLAND IN FOREIGN TRADE OF SOVIET UKRAINE IN THE EARLY 1920’s." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 145 (2020): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2020.145.8.

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The article reveals the circumstances under which the Ukrainian SSR established trade relations with the Republic of Poland in the early 1920s. The contractual legal framework and organizational forms of the Ukrainian SSR's trade activity in Poland have been clarified. The Poles have a greater interest in trade with neighboring Soviet Ukraine than Russia. Persons of sales representatives were established (I. Khurgin, I. Ruzhytsky). The role of the Ukrainian SSR Trade Representation in Warsaw in the foreign trade activities of the Ukrainian SSR is revealed. The place of the Polish market in exp

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Kuczkowski, Przemysław. "REPRESENTATIONS OF POLISH REGIONS IN BRUSSELS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE REGIONS OF NORTHERN POLAND. LEGAL STATUS AND FUNCTIONING." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa 1, no. XXIII (2023): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.3777.

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Representation of the interests of Polish regions (voivodeships) in the European Union (Brussels) acquired significant importance in economic and political terms primarily in connection with Polands accession to this international organization in 2004 and the possibility of benefiting from EU funds. The legal and organizational challenge for Polish local government units was the correct legal compliance with the law of the establishment of a foreign representative office and its operation. The purpose of the article was to present the current legal status of the functioning foreign representat

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Ермилов, В. О. "Foreign representatives of Russian airlines in terms of the economic crisis the aviation industry." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 5(130) (June 25, 2021): 1187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2021.130.5.233.

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В статье рассматриваются обособленные подразделения авиакомпаний в системе воздушных перевозок, определяется их роль с точки зрения решаемых задач и возложенного функционала. Авторами приведен анализ рынка международных авиаперевозок и внутреннего рынка в РФ, раскрывается содержание понятия зарубежного представительства, приведены статистические данные по иностранным представительствам на территории РФ. The article examines the separate divisions of airlines in the air transportation system, determines their role from the point of view of the tasks to be solved and the assigned functionality.

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Кадыкова, А. А. "Predicting regional airline traffic using a polynomial trend line." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 7(132) (October 11, 2021): 1148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2021.132.7.207.

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В статье рассматриваются обособленные подразделения авиакомпаний в системе воздушных перевозок, определяется их роль с точки зрения решаемых задач и возложенного функционала. Авторами приведен анализ рынка международных авиаперевозок и внутреннего рынка в РФ, раскрывается содержание понятия зарубежного представительства, приведены статистические данные по иностранным представительствам на территории РФ. The article examines the separate divisions of airlines in the air transportation system, determines their role from the point of view of the tasks to be solved and the assigned functionality.

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Aryati, Yustia, and Nur Dhani Hendranastiti. "Role of the foreign bank representative office to encourage foreign direct investment inflow increasement in Indonesia." Jurnal Mantik 8, no. 1 (2024): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35335/mantik.v8i1.4951.

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Offshore loans to Indonesian borrowers are essential for financing large-scale investment projects in Indonesia. This research uses a mixed method between case studies and Spearman Rank correlation tests. The qualitative approach was through interviews to collect research data and continued with a quantitative approach using the Spearman Rank correlation test. The study found that during 2017 and 2022, there are offshore loans were used for project financing with sector similarities with greenfield FDI inflows and international project finance. Also, there were representative offices actively

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Kupchyk, O. "ITALY IN THE FOREIGN TRADE OF SOVIET UKRAINE, 1921-1923." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 141 (2019): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2019.141.3.

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The circumstances under which the Soviet Ukraine established trade relations with the Kingdom of Italy in the early 1920s are revealed. The contractual basis, organizational forms of trade activity of Soviet Ukraine in Italy have been clarified. Persons of sales representatives were established (V. Vorovskyi, A. Feinstein). The role of the Ukrainian SSR Trade Representation in Rome in the foreign trade activities of Soviet Ukraine is revealed. The place of the Italian market in export and import operations of Soviet Ukraine has been determined. After studying national historiography, it was fo

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Andresen, Ulf. "Country note: The Failed Representative Office in France: A View from Germany." Intertax 46, Issue 8/9 (2018): 709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2018074.

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A large number of companies use the so-called representative office (or ‘rep office’) (In the regulated credit industry, the term ‘representative office’ refers to the economic activity in a branch, which, in the absence of a bank license, cannot be lead to postings of banking transactions in its books.) as an organizational form for their foreign activities in particular in the banking or financial services industry. This type of organization below the threshold of the permanent establishment (PE) is, surprisingly, still very popular despite the significant amount of legal uncertainty that it

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КАУРАКОВА, Мария Викторовна, та Венера Ильдусовна ДАВЛИЕВА. "Особенности правового статуса руководителя представительства иностранной компании в России". Studii Juridice Universitare, № 2 2021 (28 лютого 2022): 103–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6400747.

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<strong>The Director of a Foreign Company Representative Office. Particulars of Their Legal Status in Russia</strong> The choice between various forms of presence on the Russian markets to meet the goals of foreign companies is the main problem that they currently face. And traditionally this choice is not made in favour of representative offices for the lack of knowledge of their phenomenon and meaning for further development of law and relations bringing together different legal orders in a predictable and efficient manner. In this paper we will try to answer distinct issues that inevitably

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Jēkabsons, Ēriks. "Activities of Herbert Grant-Watson, British Foreign Office Representative in Latvia in March–August 1919." Latvijas Universitātes Žurnāls Vēsture, no. 16 (December 22, 2023): 15–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/luzv.16.01.

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The first half of the Latvian War of Independence, from November 1918 to the summer of 1919, was particularly difficult, with the interests of all neighbouring countries and the divided Latvian society (Baltic Germans, Latvians, Bolsheviks, etc.) clashing in the midst of a brutal war in Latvia. In this situation, the representatives of the Western powers, with Britain being the most widely represented, had a presence in Latvia from the end of 1918, with British naval vessels, the Military Mission and the Political Mission from the spring and summer of 1919. From March 1919 – an unofficial repr

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Badah, Saad. "THE ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN ARBITRAL AWARDS IN KUWAIT." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 8, no. 2 (2014): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v8i2.1185.

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This article is an analysis of the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Kuwait, an Islamicnation governed by Sharia law. The need for this analysis stems from the potential conflictbetween the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (1958)(the ‘New York Convention’)(which came into effect in Kuwait on 27 July 1978)and Sharia lawand the need to merge the two into a cohesive legal system.The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)has a representative office in Kuwait that facilitates the applicable provisions contained therein.

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Danylenko, Oleksandr V. "Foreign-Policy Representative Office of Ukrainian SSR in International Relations (the Beginning of 1920th)." European Researcher 100, no. 11 (2015): 702–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.13187/er.2015.100.702.

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Никифорова, Елена, Elena Nikiforova, Дмитрий Кислов, and Dmitriy Kislov. "ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIONS OF ACTIVITIES IMPLEMENTED BY REPRESENTATIVES OF THE ECONOMIC SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ABROAD." Russian Journal of Management 7, no. 3 (2019): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/article_5db8806b473af0.57975291.

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The article raises the urgent issue of the importance of analyzing the areas of activity implemented by the representations of economic entities of the Russian Federation abroad. One of the main tasks of opening a representative office of an economic entity abroad is its access to the international market. This was also the result of problems associated with a significant shift in the political and economic systems. Today, Russian business entities set themselves the goal of not just protecting their activities, but the goals of growth in company value, capital growth, and access to the foreig

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14

Sus, Monika. "Supranational entrepreneurs: the High Representative and the EU global strategy." International Affairs 97, no. 3 (2021): 823–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiab037.

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Abstract By applying the Multiple Streams Approach (MSA) developed by Kingdon and adapted to EU policy-making, this article explores a new analytical lens that provides a more substantiated insight into the role of the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (HR) in the policy-making process. According to the MSA, policy change happens when policy entrepreneurs successfully explore a window of opportunity that opens in the problems or policies stream. Applying a single case-study approach, this article argues that it was the entrepreneurship of HR Federica Mogherini that co

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Kupchyk, O. "CZECHOSLOVAK REPUBLIC IN THE FOREIGN TRADE OF SOVIET UKRAINE IN 1920-1922." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 143 (2019): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2019.143.5.

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The article describes the circumstances under which the Soviet Ukraine established trade relations with Czechoslovakian Republic in the early 1920’s. The analysis of historiography of this scientific problem recovered the absence of the researches in modern Ukrainian historical science on the relations between Czechoslovakia and Soviet Ukraine in the early 1920’s. It’s established that the source database, including archival documents, allows a comprehensive answer to the task in the study. The contractual legal framework, organizational forms of trade activities of the Soviet Ukraine in Czech

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Bruzzi Curi, Luiz Felipe, Danilo Barolo Martins De Lima, and Vinícius Bivar Marra Pereira. "GERMAN ECONOMIC STRATEGIES FOR BRAZIL: AUTARKY AND EXTENDED ECONOMIC SPACE IN THE 1930s." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 37, no. 3 (2019): 479–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0212610919000119.

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ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the relationship between the development of the concepts of autarky and «economy of the extended space» in the German-speaking world and the framing of economic relations between Germany and Brazil in the 1930s. According to this «autarkic» way of conceiving economics, in order to thrive, an economy has to be autonomous regarding its supply of necessary inputs. Proposals presented in the Annual Reports transmitted to the German Foreign Office by German diplomatic representatives in Brazil encouraged, for example, the negotiation of bilateral trade agreements and th

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Liuhto, Kari, and Jari Jumpponen. "THE INTERNATIONALIZATION PROCESS OF THE LARGEST BALTIC CORPORATIONS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 4, no. 1 (2003): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2003.9636035.

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A relatively high percentage of Baltic corporations have already started their operations abroad, over 40% of the companies studied. It is surprising that the approaching EU membership docs not seem to be the driving force of the Baltic corporations’ internationalization, though the EU is clearly the major export destination. The empirical evidence shows that the operations of the Baltic companies in foreign markets, have concentrated on the ex‐CMEA countries, especially on the former USSR. The empirical data indicates that most of the operations abroad are related to marketing, such as the fo

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Medvid, L. P. "Content and characteristics of parliamentary control over observance of human and citizen rights and liberties, including military personnel." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 3 (September 28, 2022): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.03.31.

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The article explains the content and characterizes the parliamentary control over the observance of the rights and liberties of human and citizen, including military personnel. It is determined that parliamentary control over the observance of human and civil rights and liberties in Ukraine is provided by the Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights. The study analyzes the emergence of such an institution in the world and Ukraine. The goal of parliamentary control over the observance of the rights and and liberties of human citizen has been established. It is determined that the Comm

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Wahyudi, Slamet. "The Role of Tax Extension Officers in Optimizing Tax Compliance with Representative Offices." Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan (KEBAN) 2, no. 1 (2022): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/jkk.v2i1.5797.

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The debate over the taxation aspect of the Foreign Trade Representative Office (KPDA), especially PPh Article 15, seems to be protracted and will never be finished. Meanwhile, according to the PPh and P3B Laws, KPDAs have fulfilled subjective requirements when they have or occupy an office address where the term establishment still includes a place of management.It is common for a KPDA to carry out marketing activities in the form of product promotion which is carried out continuously for the benefit of the Head Office which is proven to be able to increase and earn export earnings to Indonesi

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Tkachuk, N. V., and E. M. Ovchinnikova. "Features of accounting and taxation of specialized equipment rental services." Scientific notes of the Russian academy of entrepreneurship 23, no. 4 (2025): 20–25. https://doi.org/10.24182/2073-6258-2024-23-4-20-25.

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The subject of the article is the factors affecting the accounting and taxation of operations for leasing specialized equipment to a tenant– a foreign organization that does not have a representative office in Russia. The information base of the study is the laws and other regulations in force in the Russian Federation. The authors concluded about the impact of the lease status: operational and financial, on the asset structure of the lessor organization. The article highlights the main problems of reflecting information on financial leases: the presence of complex calculations to determine th

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Liu, Yi. "Banking in Globalisation: Commerzbank in the New Economic Course of the People’s Republic of China and the Role of Hong Kong." Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte / Economic History Yearbook 64, no. 2 (2023): 553–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbwg-2023-0020.

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Abstract Since the open-up policy at the end of the 1970s, China – the largest single market in Asia – received growing attention from foreign investors and banks. However, the fragile domestic market and undeveloped financial system in China did not allow a rapid inflow of foreign banks, given that the foreign banks could exert suppression on the domestic banks. As a result, it took several years for most foreign banks to gain a foothold in mainland China. This article demonstrates how Commerzbank – one of the German Big Three – entered the Chinese market in the 1980s by establishing a branch

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Goddeeris, Idesbald. "Lobbying Allies? The NSZZ Solidarność Coordinating Office Abroad, 1982–1989." Journal of Cold War Studies 13, no. 3 (2011): 83–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00143.

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After the proclamation of martial law in Poland in December 1981, a Solidarność Coordinating Office Abroad was set up. Led by Jerzy Milewski, the organization eliminated any internal opposition and succeeded in being recognized by most Western partners as the foreign representative of Solidarność. The Coordinating Office received most of its financial aid from trade union internationals and from the United States. Initially, the Coordinating Office was active mainly within international institutions such as the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe and the International Labor Organi

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Braithwaite, Julian. "Commentary: A European Perspective on Services Negotiations." Global Economy Journal 5, no. 4 (2005): 1850061. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1148.

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A commentary on J. Robert Vastine's article "Services Negotiations in the Doha Round: Promise and Reality." Julian Braithwaite has been the Head of the Global Issues Group in the British Embassy in Washington, DC, since September 2004. The Global Issues Group focuses on transatlantic economic relations relating in particular to trade and agriculture policy, energy, and the environment. Braithwaite joined the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 1994. He worked on British and EU policy in the former Yugoslavia from 1994 to 1998, serving for two years in the British Embassy in Belgrade. Fr

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Morillas, Pol. "Institutionalization or Intergovernmental Decision-Taking in Foreign Policy: The Implementation of the Lisbon Treaty." European Foreign Affairs Review 16, Issue 2 (2011): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2011017.

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This article analyses the evolving nature of the foreign policy of the European Union (EU) as a consequence of the set-up of new structures such as the office of the High Representative/Vice-President (HR/VP) and the European External Action Service (EEAS). It argues that while decision-taking in Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) remains intergovernmental for the most part, the strengthened power of initiative granted to the new services has introduced critical changes in EU foreign policy-making. The first developments under the Lisbon Tre

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Kruk, Aleksandra. "Kariera polityczna Klausa Kinkela." Rocznik Polsko-Niemiecki, no. 21 (April 26, 2013): 70–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/rpn.2013.21.04.

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Born in 1936, Klaus Kinkel is a representative of Germany’s Free Democratic Party (FDP). Among the leaders of that party, Walter Scheel and Hans-Dietrich Genscher may have won greater popularity, but even so, Kinkel also exerted an influence on the liberals’ policy line, primarily by means of the Wiesbaden Declaration. Working closely with Genscher, Kinkel amassed the experience of which he would avail himself in leading the FDP, in holding office as the Federal Minister of Justice and, subsequently, in heading the Federal Foreign Office. With his education as a lawyer, Kinkel demonstrated an

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Lidzhieva, Irina. "“WANTING TO DEVOTE MYSELF TO SERVICE IN THE KALMYK STEPPE”: ABOUT THE ULUS TRUSTEE SALIM-GIREY NURALIKHANOV." Journal of history 114, no. 3 (2024): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/jh.2024.v114i3-011.

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At the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries. The Kalmyk steppe retained the status of a special territory within the Astrakhan province, which was expressed in a management system built taking into account the nomadic life of the autochthonous population, with the preservation of certain elements of self-government. Throughout the 19th century, foreign administration experienced a shortage of officials capable of not only adapting to the conditions of the steppe, but also building a system of communication with the local population. The solution to the problem could be graduates o

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Maulucci, Thomas W. "Herbert Blankenhorn in the Third Reich." Central European History 42, no. 2 (2009): 253–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938909000302.

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The early career of Herbert Blankenhorn (1904–1991) illustrates important trends in the transition from Nazi Germany to the Federal Republic. During the 1930s and 1940s he served as a diplomat in the German Foreign Office and also joined the Nazi Party in 1938. After 1945 he would play a very public role in the creation of a new political culture in West Germany. Konrad Adenauer thought that the exceptional political sense of his young personal assistant, who also served as Secretary General of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) in the British Zone, helped him become chancellor of the Federa

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Belaounia, Samia, Tawhid Chtioui, and Mehdi Nekhili. "The Determinants Of Foreign Location And Market-Entry Mode By Multinational Banks: A Simultaneous Approach." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 32, no. 3 (2016): 883–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v32i3.9671.

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The study aims to explain the determinants of banks’ choices of location of overseas activities and of market-entry mode (subsidiary, branch and representative office). Location of overseas activities and market-entry mode are considered as simultaneously determined. The determinants are based on the factors associated with the characteristics of the parent bank and host country. A 3SLS model is used to estimate these determinants. Based on sample of 63 banks from 18 countries in 2004, the results show that foreign location and market-entry mode are governed by the characteristics of both the

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Thomas, Daniel C., and Ben Tonra. "To What Ends EU Foreign Policy? Contending Approaches to the Union’s Diplomatic Objectives and Representation." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 7, no. 1 (2012): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187119112x609176.

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Summary The strengthened Office of the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and the new European External Action Service (EEAS) presuppose a set of interests and/or values that the European Union (EU) wishes to pursue on the world stage. But what are those interests and/or values and how does the EU reach agreement on them? Rather than simply ‘cutting and pasting’ from EU treaties and strategy papers, this article identifies seven distinct theoretical models of how the EU and its member states arrive collectively at a definition of their diplomatic objectives. The seven

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Rogi, Savak. "Office of the United States Trade Representative, 1989 National Trade Estimate, Report on Foreign Trade Barriers. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1989. Pp. v, 214." International Journal of Legal Information 18, no. 2 (1990): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500026706.

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Gilbert, Andrew. "The Limits of Foreign Authority: Publicity and the Political Logic of Ambivalence in Postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina." Comparative Studies in Society and History 59, no. 2 (2017): 415–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417517000093.

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AbstractThis article explores the ambivalent forms of authority and legitimacy articulated by the Office of the High Representative of the international community in postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina. The High Representative exercised quasi-sovereign powers that placed his position at the center of two contradictions: a democratization paradox of “imposing democracy,” that is, promoting democracy through undemocratic means, and a state-building paradox of building an independent state by violating the principle of popular sovereignty. I analyze the Office's use of mass-mediated publicity to show

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Górska, Magda. "DOES THE UPPSALA INTERNATIONALIZATION MODEL EXPLAIN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL BUSINESS SERVICE FIRMS?" CBU International Conference Proceedings 1 (June 30, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v1.8.

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The aim of this contribution is to verify if the Uppsala Model with later variations introduced by the authors is the right framework to explain internationalization process of Professional Business Service Firms (PBSFs). The focus is placed on the entry of one type of PBSFs, namely advertising agencies into the Chinese market. The example is based on a case study. This paper deliberates about identified factors in the internationalization process of advertising agencies that fit to the Uppsala model and about factors that deviate from it. Several stages are identified in the entrance of adver

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Hartono, Imam, Lukman M. Baga, Rizal Syarief, and Anggraini Sukmawati. "Talent management model: How to boost the central bank’s performance in the disruptive era." Journal of Project Management 9, no. 4 (2024): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.jpm.2024.7.005.

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Organizations are increasingly acknowledging the vital impact of talent management on boosting their performance. Effective talent management within the central bank is crucial, as it plays an indispensable role in maintaining economic stability and advancing the nation’s financial well-being. The study aims to examine the role of talent management, transformational leadership, organizational climate, employee engagement, employee performance, and organizational commitment in increasing the central bank’s performance. The study uses a quantitative approach by collecting data from 600 sample em

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Šimelytė, Agnė, Artūras Struca, and Andriejus Sadauskis. "Changing direction to value-based foreign policy and its impact on international trade." Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 8, no. 12 (2024): 6738. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i12.6738.

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Within the last four years, Lithuania has faced different foreign policy challenges due to geopolitical situations such as the Ukraine-Russia war, the migration crisis on the border with Belarus, and the conflict with China. After opening a Taiwanese representative office in Vilnius, China downgraded diplomatic relations with Lithuania. The purpose of the article is to assess the impact of the changes on international economic relations between Lithuania and China. The paper employs descriptive statistics, correlation-regression, sensitivity analysis, and agglomerative hierarchical cluster ana

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Kopina, Anna A. "Transformations of the Concept of a Permanent Representative Office of a Foreign Company under the Influence of New Digital Economy Reality." Taxes 1 (January 16, 2019): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1999-4796-2019-1-41-45.

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Stefankova, Jarmila, Karol Balog, and Peter Raksany. "Evaluation of the Security Situation Abroad by the FMEA Method and Impact of Natural or Technical Threats on the Environment." Advanced Materials Research 1001 (August 2014): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1001.469.

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The purpose of the project is the electronization of services provided to employees of the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of the Slovak Republic (MZVaEZ SR), as well as improvement of the information quality necessary for the operation of the situation centre (SITCEN) and the operating centre for the purpose of prevention (OPCEN) of the MZVaEZ with aim to prevent and solve crisis situations in the areas of residence of our citizens abroad. An electronic system supports the collection, evaluation, presentation and risk management. Regular monitoring of the security situation belongs t

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Vinci, Dario. "Il MSNA, tra diritti consolidati e nascenti esigenze di tutela. Il punto di vista di un ufficio Tutele Metropolitano." Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica 19, no. 1 (2020): 355–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/mhi.2020.19.01.15.

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The Italian Juvenile Law guarantees protection to unaccompanied foreign minors, which is a child coming from non-EU countries without parents. This phenomenon, in recent years, concerns the migratory flows of refugees, who arrive from Turkey or Libya to the coasts of Italy; the journey is often dramatic and sometimes it requires to pass through other European countries. The EU Regulation - Dublin III, which entered into force on 1 January 2014, points at the competence of the EU State in which the minors arrived at first; further transfers, except the need to be reunited with family members in

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Grigorieva, Svetlana Valeryevna. "The role of P. M. Vlasov's diplomatic activity in the rapprochement of the Russian and Ethiopian Empires (1898-1900)." Manuscript 17, no. 4 (2024): 697–702. https://doi.org/10.30853/mns20240104.

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The purpose of the study is to analyze the diplomatic activities of the acting State Councillor P. M. Vlasov as head of the Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission in Addis Ababa (1898-1900). The novelty of the research consists in studying the direct role of a diplomat in the rapprochement of the Russian and Ethiopian empires. As a result of the conducted research, it was found out that during the two-year stay in Abyssinia, P. M. Vlasov was able to fully realize the tasks assigned to him, collect truthful information about the host country, form a positive image of his Fatherland, and earn the trus

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MZ, H. ISMAIL. "ANALISIS PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR LEMBAGA NEGARA DAN SISTIM PENYELENGGARAAN KEKUASAAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR 1945 SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH AMANDEMEN." GANEC SWARA 13, no. 2 (2019): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.35327/gara.v13i2.90.

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The amendment to the 1945 Constitution after the 1998 reform is based on the experience of the practice of state administration by the old and new order governments which are often referred to as authoritarian government systems, both overt and covert. The 1945 Constitution indeed gives enormous power to the President, both Sukarno and Suharto. Weaknesses contained in the 1945 Constitution that triggers the birth of the demands of the reformists to make amendments to the 1945 Constitution, especially concerning the power and term of office of the President. It is important to realize that afte

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Sadova, Lyudmila. "Organization of the Russian Diplomatic Representation in the United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway at the turn of the 19th — 20th Centuries." ISTORIYA 14, no. 9 (131) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840028007-6.

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The Scandinavian vector in the foreign policy of the Russian Empire was far from a priority, but at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries, the calm and non-conflicting European North, which it remained for many years, became involved in the political and strategic interests of the great powers, primarily Russia, Germany and Great Britain, and therefore attracted the attention of Russian diplomacy. The aggravation of the Swedish-Norwegian political crisis in the 1890s — 1900s, which ended with the dissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian union and Norway&apos;s independence in 1905, caused a lo

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Formichi, Chiara. "Shaping Shiʿa Identities in Contemporary Indonesia between Local Tradition and Foreign Orthodoxy". Die Welt des Islams 54, № 2 (2014): 212–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700607-00542p04.

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This article reflects on the impact of transnational flows of students, pilgrims, and literature from Iran to Indonesia on the shaping of Shiʿa Islam in Indonesia since 1979, with a focus on the post-Suharto era (1998–2012) and the performance of ʿ Āshūrāʾ commemorative rituals. Since the early days of its Islamization, Southeast Asia has featured several literary and ritual practices rooted in a combination of Islamic and local traditions; most notable are those expressing patterns of pre-sectarian devotion towards the ahl al-bayt – drawing a parallel with Marshall Hodgson’s framework of ʿAli

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Bevz, T. A. "FOREIGN POLICY VECTOR OF DNIPROPETROVSK REGION ACTIVITIES: EUROPEAN VALUES AND LANDMARKS." UKRAINIAN CULTURAL STUDIES, no. 1 (2) (2018): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/ucs.2018.1(2).14.

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The article analyzes the foreign policy vector of Dnipropetrovsk region. The emphasis is put on European values and benchmarks in regional politics. Regions are dynamic socio-systems, which combine past, present and future. The region is an important actor within the political processes that influences the decision-making process in the state. It is noted that Dnipropetrovsk region is a leader in the "level of business development", "infrastructure" and "innovation" segments that promote the European values and landmarks establishment. The European canon of values is not limited by national bo

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Simm, Gabrielle. "Disaster Militarism? Military Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 22, no. 1 (2019): 347–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413_022001014.

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Military assets, which include personnel, make an important contribution to disaster relief. However, military deployments can be politically sensitive, and the relevant international law is contested and not binding. This article compares two sets of UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UN OCHA) Guidelines on this issue. The 2007 Oslo Guidelines1 state that military assets should be used in disaster relief only as a last resort, while the 2014 Asia-Pacific Regional Guidelines2 acknowledge that military assets are often the first to respond to disasters in the region. Drawin

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Barbarić, Dražen, Ana-Mari Bošnjak, and Domagoj Galić. "Borrowed sovereignty and its institutional effects in deeply divided societies." Distinctio 3, no. 2 (2025): 95–118. https://doi.org/10.56550/d.3.2.4.

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The main goal of this paper is to evaluate international community approaches towards resolving institutional problems in deeply divided societies that have experienced the trauma of civil war in their recent past. International actors decided to “borrow sovereignty” to these countries through different international interventions. With temporal distance, we can now conclude that the cases of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo are proof that similar intervention arrangements can have completely different outcomes. The main problem in the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is that the Office o

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Havemann, Axel. "The Vizier and the Raʾīs in Saljuq Syria: the Struggle for Urban Self-Representation". International Journal of Middle East Studies 21, № 2 (1989): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002074380003230x.

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Syria was one of the few areas of medieval Islam where cities emancipated themselves from centralized rule to a certain degree by shaping local self-representative institutions and by transforming “classical” government offices according to their special needs. For nearly two hundred years—from about the second half of the 10th century to the middle of the 12th century—Syrian cities possessed urban heads (ru'asā') and militias of young men (ahdāth) that, in a way, complemented or even replaced the rulers and garrisons representing the Fatimid and Saljuq central governments; in time, they becam

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Bukelevičiūtė, Dalia. "The Question of Diplomatic Mission of Czechoslovakia in Lithuania in 1921-1939." Lietuvos istorijos studijos 13 (June 28, 2004): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lis.2004.37156.

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The problem of diplomatic relations between Lithuania and Czechoslovakia is that Lithuanian historiography has not been investigated yet. There are very important L Švec works from the Czech historians. The base of this article is material from Lithuania and Czech Republic archives. Recognition of de jure question and the entering into diplomatic relations with Lithuania and Czechoslovakia were discussed together. At the Paris Peace Conference, Czechoslovakia considered Lithuania as a part of the Russian question. Only in 1921 autumn Lithuania and Czechoslovakia exchanged non-official represen

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Delong, Marek. "The Concept of Russian Federation Foreign and Security Policy by Eugene Primakov." Internal Security 12, no. 1 (2020): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3205.

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The aim of this article is to analyze the concept of Russian foreign and security policy by Eugene Primakov, one of the most eminent Russian politicians of the twentieth century. The article applies research methods and techniques appropriate to science about politics. These include a comparative analysis and a method of historical analysis that enabled the presentation of political events and factors shaping the foreign and security policy of the Russian Federation. In 1996, President Boris Yeltsin appointed Primakov to the post of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. Th

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Shandra, Iryna. "Administration of Ukrainian Coal Exports to the Ottoman Empire (Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries)." Mìžnarodnì zv’âzki Ukraïni: naukovì pošuki ì znahìdki, no. 31 (December 12, 2022): 112–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mzu2022.31.112.

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Period in the late 19th – early 20th centuries was a rapid economic recovery in Ukraine. The excess of production over the volume of the domestic consumer market encouraged entrepreneurs to export coal, primarily to the nearest foreign markets. The market of the Ottoman Empire was determined as a important in that respect. The study of the export direction of commercial activity of Ukrainian entrepreneurs became possible as a result of attracting a wide range of sources including Government and business statistical directories, office documents of representative organizations, articles from pe

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Sklyarov, S. A. "The Jewish Question in Polish-Soviet Relations in the First Half of the 20th Century (Based on the Materials of the Plenipotentiary Mission of the USSR in Warsaw)." Modern History of Russia 13, no. 1 (2023): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.106.

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A high level of anti-semitism in the newly revived Polish state had to be taken into account by the Soviet diplomacy in the first half of the 1920s. The disclosed documents from the correspondence between the Plenipotentiary representative of the USSR in Warsaw with the central office of the People’s Commissariat of Foreign Affairs introduced into the scholarship for the first time testify to the existence of a Jewish problem in Polish-Soviet relations. Moscow had to keep track of the number of Jews in the diplomatic mission in Warsaw as well as to consider the request of Polish officials, inc

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Shadurski, Victor. "Międzynarodowa działalność Demokratycznej Białorusi w czasie kryzysu legitymizacji reżimu autorytarnego (2020-2023)." Wschodnioznawstwo 17 (December 23, 2023): 117–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20827695wsc.23.008.18726.

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International activities of Democratic Belarus during the legitimacy crisis of the authoritarian regime (2020-2023) The presented publication analyses two interrelated trends in international relations on the example of Belarus. The first trend is the crisis of international legitimacy of the authoritarian regime that blatantly rigged the 2020 presidential election and violently suppressed mass peaceful protests against the lawlessness of the authorities. The second is the aspiration of the democratic forces, led by President‑elect Svetlana Tikhanouskaya, to become a fully‑fledged representati

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