Dissertations / Theses: 'Forelimbs'

1

Yamamoto, Mako. "The transformation suppressor gene Reck is required for postaxial patterning in mouse forelimbs." Kyoto University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/158062.

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Andersson, Lisa. "EquumTemp : A palpation aid that document and detect temperature changes on the surface of horse’s forelimbs." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189554.

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At the moment, in the daily health care for horses there is a lack of technical aids for private use. As a horse owner you need to physically palpate the horse’s limbs to detect signs of injury and lameness. It is difficult and the signs are usually vague and hard to distinguish. Technology and interaction design could be the solution to this problem. The related research this paper builds on are: clinical complementary diagnostic methods for lameness diagnosis, wearable health monitor systems for humans and smart textiles on horses. The question this paper tries to answer is: How to develop and design a prototype of a product that is an aid for horse owners to document and better understand changes in surface temperature of the horse’s fetlock? To answer this question a user-centered design process was used. A survey, expert domain interview, design and development of a prototype, two different user testings’ and a design workshop. The result is a prototype of a palpating aid called EquumTemp. It is used by the horse owner as a second opinion on the status of their horse fetlock temperature. EquumTemp measures, stores and documents surface temperature of the fetlock. The prototype was tested by the author for 2 weeks and by three different potential users. The knowledge gained from the project resulted in defined product requirements.
Just nu, i den dagliga vården för hästar finns det en brist på tekniska hjälpmedel för privat bruk. Som hästägare måste du fysiskt palpera hästens ben för att upptäcka tecken på skador och hälta. Det är svårt och tecknen är oftast vaga och svåra att urskilja. Teknik och interaktionsdesign kan vara lösningen på detta problem. Relaterad forskning som denna rapport bygger på är: kliniska diagnostiska metoder för att diagnostisera hälta, monitorsystem för att övervaka människors hälsa och smarta textilier på hästar. Frågan denna rapport försöker besvara är: Hur man utvecklar och designar en prototyp av en produkt som är ett hjälpmedel för hästägare att dokumentera och bättre förstå förändringar i yttemperatur av hästens kotled? För att besvara denna fråga användes en användarcentrerad designprocess. En användarundersökning, expert domän intervju, design och utveckling av en prototyp, två olika användartestningar och en designworkshop. Resultatet är en prototyp av ett palperingshjälpmedel som kallas EquumTemp. Den används av hästägaren för att mäta hästens hud temperatur runt kotan. EquumTemp mäter, lagrar och dokument yttemperaturen runt kotan. Prototypen testades av författaren i 2 veckor och av tre olika potentiella användare. Kunskapen från projektet resulterade i definierade produktkrav.

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3

Fain, Jordan. "Comparative Analysis of Muscle Architecture and Myosin Heavy Chain Content in the Forelimbs of Geomyid and Heteromyid Burrowing Rodents." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1630024719953543.

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4

Iwaniuk, Andrew N., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The evolution of skilled forelimb movements in carnivorans." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2000, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/94.

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Emancipating the forelimbs from locomotion for use in other activities, such as food manipulation, is a major evolutionary milestone. A variety of selective forces and evolutionary correlates may influence the evolution of various degrees of skill with which the forelimbs are used. Using the order Carnivora as a test group, I assesed the relative influence of six factors: relative brain size, neocortical volume, manus proportions, body size, phylogenetic relatedness, type of locomotion and diet. I developed a rating system to describe the dexterity of individual species and compared the scores to the six factors using modern comparative methods. Only phylogeny and diet were significanly correlated with forelimb dexterity. More specifically, forelimb dexterity tends to be higher in caniform than in feliform carnivorans and decreases with increasing specialisation on vertebrate prey. I conclude that food handling and feeding niche breath have a significant effect upon the evolution of skilled forelimb movements.
xii, 151 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.

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Cadinouche, Moglani Z. Alia. "The Notophthalmus viridescens radical fringe cDNA, molecular cloning and spatiotemporal expression in forelimb development and adult forelimb regeneration." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0020/NQ45804.pdf.

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6

Coles, Brenda Louise Kay, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Neural changes in forelimb cortex and behavioural development." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 1996, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/85.

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Neural changes in the forelimb cortex were studied at Postnatal (P) 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 100 days. Six biological markers of brain development, cortical thickness, Layer III pyramidal cell morphology, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myelination, c-fos activity and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were correlated with the behavioural development of reaching, bimanual coordination, postural adjustment, and defensive feeding behaviours. The behaviours were filmed from P15 until P30 and then also in adulthood. For the behaviours there was a gradual development of the skilled patterns of paw and digit use seen in adults as well as in the patterns of movements in postural adjustment, carry behaviours and dodging and robbing type behaviours. The development of the adult patterns of movement were correlated to the morphological and biochemical changes in the cortex. The results suggest that the maturation of skilled movements depends upon anatomical and neurochemical maturation of the neocortex as well as upon learning.
x, 132 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.

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Coles, Brenda L. K. "Neural changes in forelimb cortex and behavioural development." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38447.pdf.

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Iwaniuk, Andrew N. "The evolution of skilled forelimb movements in carnivorans." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0016/MQ49136.pdf.

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9

Watson, Johanna Clare. "Muscle function and control in the equine forelimb." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419804.

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10

Swanstrom, Michael David. "Lower forelimb loading dynamics in the thoroughbred racehorse /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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11

Vanstone, Jason. "Molecular Characterization of Early Dedifferentiation in Newt Forelimb Regeneration." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26058.

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Newts have the incredible ability to regenerate many different organs and tissues as adults, including the limbs. Limb regeneration occurs via the dedifferentiation of stump tissue and the formation of a blastema, which provides the majority of cells for the regenerate. Despite all that we have learned about dedifferentiation and blastema formation, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are still poorly understood. We used representational difference analysis (RDA) to identify genes involved in the early dedifferentiation process in newt forelimb regeneration. Our analysis identified approximately 410 unique genes that were differentially regulated during this process. Microarray analysis was used to determine the expression profile of these genes throughout limb and tail regeneration. We used quantitative PCR (qPCR) to validate the expression of a subset of these genes [β-catenin, wntless, dapper, thymosin-β 4 (Tβ4), and thymosin-β 10/15 (Tβ10/15)] in regenerating limb and tail tissue, as well as in differentiating newt myoblasts. We also verified the expression of these genes in the regenerating newt limb using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH). Finally, we performed a functional analysis on β-catenin, wntless, dapper, and Tβ4 by overexpressing these genes in mouse myoblasts to examine their effects on differentiation and potential roles in dedifferentiation. Quantitative PCR verified the expression of β-catenin, wntless, dapper, and Tβ4 during limb regeneration and IHC/ISH localized the β-catenin and Tβ4 proteins to the blastema during regeneration. Tβ10/15 was shown by qPCR to be expressed in the tail during regeneration. Overexpression of newt β-catenin, wntless, dapper, and Tβ4 in mouse myoblasts showed that each of these genes has an inhibitory effect on the differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes and, therefore, may play a role in promoting or maintaining the dedifferentiated state. Our work has identified a large number of genes with potential roles in regulating the dedifferentiation process during newt forelimb regeneration. We have also laid a framework from which much more work can be done by drawing on the genes we have identified and the microarray data, which indicate ideal follow-up candidates. Our analysis of specific genes has also increased our understanding of the molecular events occurring during the dedifferentiation process in the regenerating newt limb.

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12

Selby, Michael. "Evolution of the hominoid forelimb skeleton from Miocene to present." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1331220722.

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13

Martin, Ramaldo S. "Implementation and validation of a computational model of the feline forelimb." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50293.

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Postural control incorporates multiple neural and mechanical systems at various levels of the motor control system, yet the question of how all these systems interact remains unanswered. This dissertation describes development of a biologically based, three-dimensional mathematical model of the forelimb of the domestic cat that integrates skeletal anatomy, muscular architecture, and neural control. Previous work has shown that muscle architecture profoundly affects its function. However, even though the forelimbs of quadrupeds contribute to posture and locomotion differently from hindlimbs, most models of quadruped motion are based upon hindlimb mechanics. The proposed work consists of three main steps: (1) architectural and anatomical characterization, which involves acquisition of muscle attachment data, measurement of whole muscle and muscle fiber properties, and estimation of limb kinematic parameters; (2) model development and implementation, wherein the data will be integrated into a mathematical model using special-purpose software; and (3) model validation, including verification of model estimates against experimentally obtained measurements of muscle moment arms, and prediction of limb kinetics, namely end-point forces arising from perturbations to the limb. It was found that the forelimb does indeed possess structure, particularly at the shoulder and antebrachium, that allows for more diverse movements. The neural wiring in these regions is more complex than in the hindlimb, and there exists substantial muscular structure in place for non-sagittal motion and object suppression and retrieval. Other results showed that the kinematics of the limb alone produce a restorative response to postural disturbance but that the magnitude is reduced, indicating that neural input acts as a modulatory influence on top of the intrinsic mechanism of limb architecture. Furthermore the model demonstrated many of the essential features found in the experiments. This study represents the implementation of the first forelimb model of the cat incorporating mechanical properties and serves as a key component of a full quadruped model to explore posture and locomotion.

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Remes, Kristian. "Evolution of the Pectoral Girdle and Forelimb in Sauropodomorpha (Dinosauria, Saurischia)." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-83953.

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15

Whitehead, Paul Frederick. "Functional Anatomy of the Forelimb in Terrestrial and Arboreal African Cercopithecoids." Thesis, Yale University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10957344.

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The cercopithecoid monkeys, though sharing a common body-plan, exhibit considerable behavioral, ecological, and anatomical diversity. The theme of this work is the relationship between anatomy, postural behavior, and habitat use, concentrating upon the distal forearm, wrist and hand. It incorporates an initial review of the relevant empirical and theoretical literature, and original research including anatomy, naturalistic and experimental observation, and a first detailed description of fossil forelimb material of the "giant" extinct baboon, Theropithecus oswaldi. Two modes of contact between hand and substrate in monkeys are distinguished. Palmigrady is characteristic of predominately arboreal species, while species that habitually walk on the ground do so using a distinctive digitigrade gait. The vervet monkey (Cercopithecus [now Chiorocebus] aethiops, s.l.) occupies many tropical, seasonal habitats, and, uniquely, is both polymorphic and polytypic with respect to hand posture. The author's fieldwork found that as expected, digitigrady is apparently favored by vervets living in drier, more open habitats. The mid section of the dissertation reviews in depth the copious and often confusing literature on primate, especially cercopithecoid, taxonomy, and the many contradictory schemes that have attempted to categorize primate positional behavior.

Variation in the intermetacarpal and other wrist joints in human subjects provides background for recognition of character states distinguishing obligate digitigrade (patas and baboon) from palmigrade (colobus) monkey genera. It is then demonstrated that, consistent with the observation of hand posture variation in living subjects, anatomical variation among individual vervet skeletons encompasses both types. Unexpectedly, the large fossil T. oswaldi (but not T. geiada) shows palmigrade features in some aspects of carpal structure. This theme is pursued in the most extensive section of the dissertation, which includes a detailed description and interpretation of fossil forelimb specimens assigned to Theropithecus oswaldi, from the sites of Olorgesailie (Kenya) and Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania) . The descriptions include notes comparing the fossils with extant cercopithecoids, and interpreting similarities and differences. These comparisons suggest that T. oswaldi did not closely resemble extant baboons in locomotor behavior, and may have been palmigrade on the ground. Finally, the concluding sections describe an innovative set of techniques that were used successfully to collect electromyographic and cineradiographic data on monkeys locomoting in a controlled laboratory setting, with a view to confirming the functional interpretation of anatomical features of living and fossil forms, and the naturalistic behavior of living vervets.

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Simons, Erin L. R. "The Evolution of Forelimb Morphology and Flight Mode in Extant Birds." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1250094326.

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17

Takano, Tomo. "Comparative and functional morphology of the forelimb skeleton of Nacholapithecus kerioi." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149117.

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18

Ruppert, David Strater. "Design of a Robotic Equine Forelimb for Testing Load-Bearing Rehabilitative Devices." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31136.

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Because horses are animals of flight, bone fractures in the horses' limbs are quite common. When foals fracture a bone in their leg, the healthy leg is often compromised. During convalescence, the animal tends to overstress the healthy leg in an attempt to relieve the stress on the injured leg. This results in angular limb deformities, lax tendons, laminitis, and similar problems. These problems could possibly be avoided through a load-bearing device that would relieve the additional weight from the foal's limbs.

In order to allow for in-vitro testing of such a load-bearing device, this thesis describes the design, analysis, and procedure of construction of a robotic replica of a foal's limb. In particular, the robotic replica has been designed to replicate all of the anticipated motion of a foal's limb, including walking, shifting weight from one leg to the other, and kicking, for example, using gait-analysis data from an actual horse's gait. From such data, the robotic replica has been designed in IDEAS and analyzed using multibody dynamics simulations code and the finite-element-analysis software ANSYS. To evaluate the function of the robotic replica, a control system was developed to reproduce observed gait characteristics. Comparison of the computer-simulated gait with the observed gait showed that a linear feedback control algorithm resulted in a response adequate for the proposed function.

The proposed robotic replica has the potential for aiding in the development of several other bioassistive devices. With minor modifications, the robotic replica could be used to test a device design to transfer load from the cannon bone to the ground for an animal inflicted with laminitis (founder). These possibilities should be investigated in the future.
Master of Science

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19

Thiranagama, R. "Comparative anatomy of the forelimb veins in humans and non-human primates." Thesis, Online version, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.383521.

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20

Hobbs, Sarah Jane. "Measurement and analysis of equine radial hoof strain and lower forelimb motion." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2006. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/21889/.

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Strain within the hoof capsule is unknown and difficult to estimate and limited information is available on motion of all the distal joints of the forelimb. Consequently, how impact is attenuated in the hoof, distal joints and suspensory system is still not fully understood. This study aims to develop instrumentation capable of measuring internal hoof strain in conjunction with a method of recording the three dimensional (31)) kinematics of the joints of the distal. forelimb. Instrumented plugs were developed and validated and radial strain was measured in equine hooves at the dorsum together with lower forelimb kinernatics and kinetics during in vitro simulations of walking. 3D kinematics were recorded from the lower forelimb of 4 ponies at the walk using non-invasive cluster markers and the Calibrated Anatomical Systems Technique. Soft tissue artefacts using this method were assessed in vitro. Relationships between radial strain and locomotion were investigated. Tensile radial strain is predominant in normal hooves at the dorsum with magnitudes in the region of 500 pE in the stratum medium at midstance during simulated walking. Compression was recorded in the hoof strata of limbs with chronic laminitis. Radial strain was moderately correlated with proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) flexion (r = -. 519). Large reductions in radial strain were found in simulated impact and heel lift positions. As the PIPJ flexes at impact passive loading of the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) due to weight bearing is more gradual, so direct radial stress in the stratum me&m is reduced. Radial stress in the stratum medium is also reduced as a proportion of the ground reaction forces are redirected through the heels. This vital role needs further investigation in vivo with improved non-invasive techniques.

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21

Marshall, Sarah K. "Comparative Morphology of the Forelimb Digging Apparatus in Armadillos (Xenarthra: Cingulata, Dasypodidae)." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1534870518413352.

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22

Beug, Shawn. "The role of Growth arrest-specific 6 in Notophthalmus viridescens forelimb regeneration." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26583.

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Red-spotted newts are capable of regenerating diverse structures and organs, including limb, tail and retina. The epimorphic regenerative response is a complex process that involves dedifferentiation, cellular proliferation and transdifferentiation. Although receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their ligands are important for normal cellular physiology, no studies have as of yet attempted to isolate and characterize any of these receptors and their ligands during newt forelimb regeneration. I isolated a newt homologue of growth arrest-specific 6 (NvGas6), a RTK ligand involved in multiple functions during ontogeny and normal physiological processes, and its expression was characterized in a polyclonal blastema cell line (B1H1) and during limb regeneration. NvGas6 encodes for a 671 amino acid polypeptide that shares 64% identity (78% similarity) with mammalian Gas6. In B1H1 cells, NvGas6 is upregulated during myogenesis and is downregulated during cell cycle reentry. Upon amputation, NvGas6 expression increases, peaking during maximal blastemal cell proliferation and declines during redifferentiation. NvGas6 transcripts were colocalized to distal mesenchymal cells during dedifferentiation and proliferation, and were found in areas of redifferentiation. Although the in vitro and in vivo results seem paradoxical, studies by others have shown that Gas6 can have diverse roles in cell survival, proliferation and differentiation, it is possible that NvGas6 is involved in cell survival in vitro and cellular proliferation in vivo. However, taken together, these results suggest that NvGas6 may be primarily involved in mediating cell survival and migration during regeneration.

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Vlaskalin, Tatjana. "Profiling apoptotic patterns during forelimb development and regeneration in the newt, Notophthalmus viridescens." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26542.

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Recent studies have found that many of the genes involved in the initial development of the limb in higher vertebrates are also expressed during regeneration of the limb in urodeles. These similarities have lead researchers to conclude that the regeneration process is a recapitulation of development and that patterning of the regenerate mimics pattern formation in development. In this work, we address the issue of whether regeneration and development are similar by examining patterns of apoptosis during these processes. In contrast to higher vertebrates, forelimb development in the newt, Notophthalmus viridescens, does not follow conventional pattern formation utilizing interdigital apoptosis as the method of individualization of the digits. Similarly, forelimb regeneration does not undergo interdigital apoptosis during cartilage condensation and digit formation in the adult. Apoptosis seems to play an important role during the wound healing stage of regeneration and again during cartilage to bone turnover during digit and radius/ulna regeneration. We suggest that urodeles have adapted a mechanism of forelimb regeneration that may re-activate developmental pathways similar to higher vertebrates, yet without cell death between the digits, and furthermore, undergo a unique mechanism of limb development in which apoptosis plays a minor role.

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Krentz, Hartmut. "The forelimb anatomy of Theropithecus brumpti and Theropithecus oswaldi from the Shungura Formation, Ethiopia /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6533.

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Gorvet, Marissa A. "EMG Activation in the Forelimb Musculature of Three-toed Sloths (Bradypus variegatus)." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1547111569993329.

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Abdelhadi, Jalal [Verfasser]. "Computerized gait analysis of dogs during normal gait and with induced forelimb lameness / Jalal Abdelhadi." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1037762908/34.

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Remes, Kristian. "Evolution of the pectoral girdle and forelimb in Sauropodomorpha (Dinosauria, Saurischia) : Osteology, myology and function." kostenfrei, 2007. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8395/.

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28

Qiu, Qingchao. "TGF-β, WNT, AND FGF SIGNALING PATHWAYS DURING AXOLOTL TAIL REGENERATION AND FORELIMB BUD DEVELOPMENT". UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/neurobio_etds/24.

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Tgf-β, Wnt, and Fgf signaling pathways are required for many developmental processes. Here, I investigated the requirement of these signaling pathways during tail regeneration and limb development in the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). Using small chemical inhibitors during tail regeneration, I found that the Tgf-β signaling pathway was required from 0-24 and 48-72 hours post tail amputation (hpa), the Wnt signaling pathway was required from 0-120 hpa, and the Fgf signaling pathway was required from 0-12hpa. Tgf-β1 was upregulated after amputation and thus may mediate Tgf-β signaling pathway during tail regeneration. Both Smad-mediated and non-Smad mediated Tgf-β signaling were activated as early as 1hpa. Smad-mediated Tgf-β signaling via activated pSmad2 and pSmad3, and via phosphorylated Erk and Akt. Two different Tgf-β signaling pathway inhibitors, SB505124 and Naringenin, differentially regulated pSmad2, pSmad3, p-Erk, and p-Akt, while SB505124 and Naringenin both inhibited tail regeneration; only SB505124 reduced cell proliferation. Wnt/β-Catenin signaling was increased and was enhanced by Wnt-C59. Disruption of the Wnt signaling pathway directly or indirectly activated Erk and Akt signaling. Disruption of the Fgf signaling pathway decreased p-Erk and increased p-Akt. All three signaling pathways affected cell proliferation and mitosis during tail regeneration. The Wnt pathway inhibitor Wnt-C59 prevented forelimb bud outgrowth. The critical window for Wnt signaling regulating forelimb bud outgrowth was approximately developmental stage 40-42. Wnt signaling ligand Wnt3a and tight junction protein Zo-1 were expressed in the epidermis of the forelimb bud and both were down-regulated by Wnt-C59. Moreover, both Wnt and Fgf signaling pathways affected cell proliferation and mitosis of mesodermal cells during forelimb bud outgrowth. Overall, my results show that Tgf-β, Wnt, and Fgf signaling pathways are required for axolotl tail regeneration. All three pathways affect Erk and Akt signaling and guide cell proliferation and mitosis. The Wnt signaling pathway is required for forelimb bud outgrowth, and it appears to regulate expression of Wnt3a and Zo1, and control cell proliferation and mitosis of mesodermal cells underlying the forelimb epidermis. These data enrich understanding of signaling network dynamics that underlie tissue regeneration and vertebrate limb development.

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Moore, Alexis L. "Functional specialization in the intrinsic forelimb musculature of the American badger (Taxidea taxus)." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1323718161.

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30

Crouch, David Alexander. "Morphometric analysis of neural tissue following long-term implantation of nerve cuffs in the cat forelimb." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq24113.pdf.

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31

Zylstra, Myriam. "Functional morphology of the hominoid forelimb, implications for knuckle-walking and the origin of hominid bipedalism." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0022/NQ50067.pdf.

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32

Sheikh, Imran Sana. "The Role of C3-C4 Propriospinal Interneurons on Reaching and Grasping Behaviors Pre- and Post-Cervical Spinal Cord Injury." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/522459.

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Biomedical Sciences
Ph.D.
Greater than 50% of all spinal cord injuries (SCIs) in humans occur at the cervical level and the biggest desire of quadriplegic patients is recovery of hand and digit function. Several weeks after spinal cord injury, re-organization and re-modeling of spared endogenous pathways occurs and plasticity of both supraspinal and interneuronal networks are believed to mediate functional recovery. Propriospinal interneurons (PNs) are neurons found entirely in the spinal cord with axons projecting to different spinal segments. PNs function by modulating locomotion, integrating supraspinal motor pathways and peripheral sensory afferents. Recent studies have postulated that if PNs are spared following SCI, these neurons can contribute to functional recovery by establishing synaptic connections onto motor neurons. However, to what extent cervical PNs are involved in recovery of reaching behavior is not known. In our first study, we generated a lentiviral vector that permits highly efficient retrograde transport (HiRet) upon uptake at synaptic terminals in order to map supraspinal and interneuronal populations terminating near forelimb motoneurons (MNs) innervating the limb. With this vector, we found neurons labeled within the C3-C4 spinal cord and in the red nucleus, two major populations which are known to modulate forelimb reaching behavior. We also proceeded to use a novel two-viral vector method to specifically label ipsilateral C3-C4 PNs with tetracycline-inducible GFP. Histological analysis showed detailed labeling of somas, dendrites along with axon terminals. Based on this data, we proceeded to determine the contribution of C3-C4 PNs and rubrospinal neurons on forelimb reaching and grasping before and after cervical SCI. In our second study, we have examined a double-infection technique for shutdown of PNs and rubrospinal neurons (RSNs) in adult rats. Adult rats were microinjected with a lentiviral vector expressing tetracycline-inducible inhibitory DREADDs into C6-T1 spinal levels. Adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV2) expressing TetON mixed with GIRK2 were injected into the red nucleus and C3-C4 spinal levels respectively. Rats were tested for deficits in reaching behaviors upon application of doxycycline and clozapine-n-oxide (CNO) administration. No behavioral deficits were observed pre-injury. Rats then received a C5 spinal cord lesion to sever cortical input to forelimb motoneurons and were allowed four weeks to spontaneously recover. Upon re-administration of CNO to activate inhibitory DREADDs, deficits were observed in forelimb reaching. Histological analysis of the C3-C4 spinal cord and red nucleus showed DREADD+ neurons co-expressing GIRK2 in somas and dendrites of PNs and RSNs. PN terminals expressing DREADD were observed near C6-T1 motoneurons and in the brainstem. Control animals did not show substantial deficits with CNO administration. These results indicate both rubro- and propriospinal pathways are necessary for recovery of forelimb reaching. In a separate study, we sought to determine if promoting severed CST sprouting rostral to a C5 lesion near C3-C4 PNs could improve behavioral recovery post SCI. Past studies have examined sprouting and regeneration of corticospinal tract (CST) fibers post-cervical SCI through viral upregulation of key components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade. We examined the regenerative growth potential of CST fibers that are transduced with AAV2 expressing constituively active Akt3 or STAT3 both separately and in combination (Akt3 + STAT3). We have observed significant increases in CST axonal sprouting and regeneration in Akt3 and Akt3 + STAT3 transduced samples. However, no recovery was observed as animals transduced with viral constitutively active Akt3 displayed an epileptic phenotype. Further, epileptic animals with constitutively active Akt3 were found to have significant cortical neuron cell hypertrophy, activatived astrogliosis, increased dendritic arbors and hemimegencephalitis (HME). These results indicate a new model for examining mechanisms of HME and mTOR hyperactivity-induced epilepsy in adult rodents.
Temple University--Theses

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Leach, Kelly Rebecca. "The Use of Forelimb Asymmetry Functional Tests to Determine Motor Recovery With Various Drug Treatments Following Endothelin-Induced Stroke." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1344607995.

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Brachmann, Isabel [Verfasser], and Hilmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Bading. "Imaging peripheral nerve outgrowth into the developing forelimb of the mouse embryo / Isabel Brachmann ; Betreuer: Hilmar Bading." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1177040360/34.

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Bury, Scott Douglas. "Denervation facilitates motor skills learning with the "unaffected" forelimb in adult rats with unilateral sensorimotor cortex lesions /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9134.

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Moreau, Chloé. "From lateral plate mesoderm formation to limb position - Linking hox collinear activation and forelimb position in birds." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066492/document.

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La position des membres le long du corps est reproductible chez une même espèce mais est très variable entre différentes espèces. Comment les membres acquièrent leur position et quel mécanisme est à l'origine de ces variations est à ce jour non élucidé. De part leur rôle dans la mise en place des axes embryonnaires, les gènes Hox sont depuis longtemps suspectés de jouer un rôle dans ce processus. Cependant les différentes preuves disponibles à ce jour restent indirectes et corrélatives. Chez l'embryon de poulet, je montre que la position des membres est établit précocement au cours du développement, lors de la gastrulation. Je démontre que la formation de la lame latérale (i.e. le tissue d'origine des membres) est un processus graduel et que l'activation séquentielle des gènes Hox spécifie ce tissue en domaines du membre et du flanc. Dans un second temps, une combinaison d'actions activatrice et répressive des gènes Hox sur le programme d'initiation du membre, actions liées à leur organisation colinéaire, est critique pour l'organisation de la lame latérale en domaines du membre et du flanc. Enfin, en étudiant des embryons de différentes espèces d'oiseaux présentant des variations dans la longueur de leur cou et donc dans la position de leur ailes (le poulet, l'autruche et le diamant mandarin), je montre que des changements relatifs dans la séquence d'activation colinéaire des gènes Hox au cours de la gastrulation sous-tendent les variations naturelles de la position de l'aile. L'ensemble de ces résultats montre que les gènes Hox jouent un rôle direct et précoce dans le positionnement des membres et propose un model général de mise en place d'un organisme par ces gènes
Limb position along the main body axis is highly consistent within one species but very variable among tetrapods. Despite major advances in our understanding of limb patterning in three dimensions, how limbs reproducibly form along the anteroposterior axis remains largely unknown. Hox genes have long been suspected to play a role in this process, however supporting evidences are mostly correlative and a direct role has yet to be demonstrated. Here, using bird embryos, I show that limb position is established very early during development, during the process of gastrulation. I find that the formation of the Lateral Plate Mesoderm (i.e. the embryonic compartment from which limbs will form) is a progressive process and that co-linear activation of Hox genes sequentially patterns it along the antero-posterior axis. Subsequent combinatorial activation and repression activities of Hox genes on limb initiation are particularly critical to pattern the LPM into limb- and non-limb-forming domains. Finally, by analyzing chicken, zebra finch and ostrich embryos which exhibit variation in their forelimb position, I show that relative changes in the timing of co-linear Hox gene activation during gastrulation underlie variation in limb position. Altogether these result shed light on the cellular and molecular mechanism that regulate limb position by showing a direct and early role for Hox genes in this process during gastrulation and provide a mechanism for variation in body plan organization observed in tetrapods

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Stößel, Maria [Verfasser]. "Evaluation of enhanced chitosan nerve guides in hindlimb and forelimb rat models of peripheral nerve regeneration / Maria Stößel." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1160495262/34.

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Polis, João Eduardo. "Projeto e construção de parte estrutural de protese de mão humana com movimentos." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265047.

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Orientador: Cecilia Amelia de Carvalho Zavaglia
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Devido ao grande número de pessoas que necessitam do uso de prótese para substituir um membro com seu funcionamento normal afetado, seja por deficiência congênita ou nos casos em que haja necessidade de remoção, ocasionada por doenças ou lesões com trauma, como acidentes do trabalho e de trânsito, foi desenvolvido neste trabalho o projeto e construção da parte estrutural de uma prótese de mão humana, com dimensões e movimentos mecânicos em similaridade (física) com o membro original. Em analogia com uma máquina, a mão é uma ferramenta terminal com atuadores exercendo várias funções como preensão de objetos, movimentação, sensibilidade à textura e temperatura. Entre os membros superiores, é o mais utilizado, exposto e complexo, que quando demanda sua substituição por uma prótese encontra obstáculos em várias áreas, desde aspectos tecnológicos, morfológicos, psicológicos e ainda financeiros. O mercado mundial de próteses dispõe de modelos com tecnologia avançada, que oferecem grande gama de recursos, mas por se tratar de um produto que ainda não é produzido em larga escala, que possui componentes de alta tecnologia e alto custo, não atinge o grande número de pessoas que necessitam da sua utilização. A pesquisa desenvolvida neste trabalho adotou uma metodologia de projeto que buscou a facilidade de construção e a utilização de componentes e matérias-primas disponíveis no mercado e de custo relativamente baixo, podendo assim desenvolver a base estrutural de um produto em desenvolvimento, que incorporará em suas etapas futuras as áreas de motorização, sensorização e revestimento cosmético, visando a obtenção de uma prótese de mão humana que realize movimentos atendendo a impulsos mioelétricos gerados pelo paciente, e que seu custo final de construção, variedade de movimentos e praticidade na colocação viabilizem sua utilização por um maior número de pessoas.
Abstract: The number of handicapped people in need of a particular kind of prosthesis is a compelling reason for carrying out this study, for developing a design and fabrication of a human forelimb prosthesis with dimensions and mechanical movements in similarity (physical) with a human hand. Some of theses handicaps may be a result of accidents, congenital diseases, injuries, or even amputations. Analogous to a machine, a hand is a sensitive terminal tool that is able to grip, move, feel and measure temperatures of objects. It is a very useful and complex member of the human body, and when is necessary to replace it with a prosthesis, there are technological, morphological, psychological and also financial barriers. The world market of prosthesis offers high technology models and a very wide range of resources. However, these products are made of expensive hi-tech components. Moreover, most people cannot afford to buy these expensive products because there is still no large-scale production. Thus, this research project aims at building a prosthetic forelimb with dimensions and mechanical movements similar to those of the human hand, using relatively low cost components and raw materials for manufacturing the final product. This new prosthesis has sensitized "nerve" endings, cosmetic coating, and it is also motorized. It responds to myoelectric impulses generated by the patient. In addition, it is cheap, practical, and it has a variety of movements witch allow it to be used by a large number of people.
Mestrado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

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Pinto, Tiago Miguel Gonçalves. "Reabilitação física de cães com doenças articulares no membro torácico." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12718.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Com o aumento da ocorrência de doenças articulares em cães tem-se vindo a recorrer cada vez mais a fisioterapia como forma de tratamento e prevenção destes casos. Embora esta não seja uma disciplina normalmente integrada no plano de recuperação dos animais, os seus benefícios podem ser muito relevantes. Com exercícios de diferentes exigências, desde caminhadas em ambientes controlados e exercícios de obstáculos a sessões de massagem, alongamentos e hidroterapia, é possível realizar um protocolo de reabilitação física adequado às capacidades dos animais. Paralelamente, também é criado um ambiente de trabalho conjunto com o proprietário do animal, que se sente como parte integrante do protocolo de reabilitação. Na presente dissertação são apresentados seis casos clínicos de doenças articulares, com sede no membro torácico, tendo cada animal beneficiado de um protocolo de reabilitação individual e específico. Simultaneamente, a evolução dos sinais clínicos é apresentada e discutida individualmente. Embora todas as modalidades da fisioterapia sejam importantes e tenham objetivos diferentes, a hidroterapia mostrou ser uma das técnicas de reabilitação física com maior potencial na recuperação de cães com lesões articulares no membro torácico, por oferecer uma panóplia de variáveis que permitem encontrar as condições ideais à recuperação de um número elevado de animais.
ABSTRACT - Physical rehabilitation of dogs with forelimb joint diseases - With the increase of joint diseases in dogs the demand for physiotherapy both as treatment and prevention of such cases has been increasing. Despite not usually being included in the recovery plan, its benefits may be utterly relevant. The use of exercises with different demands, from walks in controlled environments and obstacle courses to massage sessions, stretches and hydrotherapy, makes it possible to adjust the physical rehabilitation protocol to the animal´s abilities. Concurrently, it is also possible to create a work environment with the animal’s owner, who feels included as part of the rehabilitation protocol. In this study 6 clinical cases of joint disease, exclusively of the forelimb are presented. Each animal having benefited from an individual and specific rehabilitation protocol. Simultaneously, the progression of clinical signs is presented and individually discussed. Although all physiotherapy modalities are important and inspire different goals, hydrotherapy was shown to be the rehabilitation technic with the biggest potential in the recovery of joint diseases of the forelimb in dogs, since it offers a display of possibilities which allow to find the ideal conditions to recover a large number of animals.
N/A

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Goldhamer, David Joseph. "Analysis of cell proliferation and the roles of nerves and wound epithelium during forelimb regeneration in the adult newt, Notophthalmus viridescens /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487592050228169.

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Poulin, Matthew Leon. "Cloning, characterization and expression analysis of acidic fibroblast growth factor and its receptors during forelimb regeneration in the newt (Notophthalmus viridescens) /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487846885777182.

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Lynch, Eric Randally. "Cursorial Adaptations in the Forelimb of the Giant Short-Faced Bear, Arctodus simus, Revealed by Traditional and 3D Landmark Morphometrics." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1477.

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The paleobiology of the Pleistocene North American giant short-faced bear, Arctodus simus, has eluded paleontologists for decades. Its more gracile form has led past researchers to myriad intepretations of the locomotion and feeding ecology of this species. While earlier studies have focused on craniodental morphology and simple postcranial indices, it is forelimb morphology that represents a direct compromise between locomotor and foraging behavior. The study here uses traditional and 3D landmark morphometrics to more completely compare the 3-dimensional shape of the major forelimb elements and their muscle attachment sites between A. simus, extant ursids, and other carnivorans. Results herein agree well with previous studies and provide additional evidence for reduced abductor/adductor and supinator/pronator musculature, more restricted parasagittal motion, increased stride length, and lighter and more packed distal elements. Forelimb skeletal morphology therefore supports the hypothesis that A. simmus represents a bear in the early stages of cursorial evolution.

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Pluto, Charles Peter. "Factors Influencing the Expression and Suppression of Hindlimb Receptive Fields in the Forelimb-stump Representation of Primary Somatosensory Cortex (SI) in Neonatally Amputated Rats." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1146677464.

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Dharmadhikari, Sayali Ravindra. "Examining Infarct Sizes In Female Sprague Dawley Rats In Response To A Delayed Post-Stroke Pharmacological Treatment In Combination With Physical Rehabilitation." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1470835878.

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Leclerc, Serge Simon. "Central consequences of forelimb deafferentation in the cat primary somatosensory cortex : somatotopic reorganization, changes in response properties and receptive field sizes and their correlation with cytoarchitecture." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39389.

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In the present study, the forelimb of adult mongrel cats was totally denervated by transection and ligation of the radial, ulnar and median nerves above the elbow. The organization of the body representation in primary somatosensory cortex was then studied at different intervals with neurophysiological mapping techniques and compared to the organization seen in normal cats. The objective was to determine whether responsiveness was recovered in the cortical area which had lost both cutaneous and deep inputs, and, if recovered, to characterize the time course and spatial extent of this recovery.
Normal cats were found to have a topographically organized representation of the body in primary somatosensory cortex. As determined by cortical mapping procedures, approximately 60% of this representation is responsive to deep and cutaneous inputs from the forearm and forepaw. Immediately, following the nerve transections, most if not all of the representation from these nerves were unresponsive to any kind of natural somatic stimuli. With time, cortical responsiveness was recovered and representation of inputs adjacent to the denervated area only partially expanded into the former forelimb representation. The time course of changes in the somatotopy, modality and various response characteristics differed among cytoarchitectonic areas. Major reorganizational changes occurred within area 3b while area 3a remained relatively unresponsive for a period of at least two months.
These findings suggest that cortical representations of denervated territories can become, over time, activated by substitute inputs. However, cortical reorganization may occur only over a limited extent of the body representation within the primary somatosensory area. The results presented here are discussed in the context of several different hypotheses concerning the mechanisms of cortical reorganization following peripheral injury.

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Sousa, Carlos Augusto dos Santos. "Origem e distribui??o antim?rica dos nervos do plexo braquial em Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, 1780) (Cercopithecidae, Primates)." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1548.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
Morphology studies provide knowledge that allow us to understand how animals interact with the natural environment or in captivity. In this context, the comparative anatomy of the formation of the brachial plexus awakens interest since the nineteenth century and remains one of the most intriguing topics of contemporary anatomy. The aim of this study was to describe the origin and the antimeric distribution of the brachial plexus nerves in Macaca mulatta, as well as the innervated muscles. Ten male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were used, from the Non-human Primates? Breeding Department at the Laboratory Animals Breeding Centre (Cecal/Fiocruz), donated to the Animal Anatomy Department of the Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). The specimens were fixed in formaldehyde solution by infusion of 10% solution. They were subsequently wrapped in a low-density polythene container with 500 liters of formaldehyde 30% solution over a period of 12 months. After this period, they were washed in running water and subjected to X-ray examinations of the neck at the Small Animals Veterinary Hospital of the UFRRJ to characterize the number of cervical vertebrae. Then, they had both antimeres dissected aiming at the exposure of the origins and the nerves arising from the brachial plexus. Data were presented both in absolute frequency and in simple percentage. In 11 (55%) animals the resulting nerves were constituted by the connections between the ventral spinal branches C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1. In 5 (25%) animals, the participants roots were C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2. In 2 (10%) animals C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2. In the other 2 (10%) animals the formation of the plexus was observed from C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2. The ventral branches formed three nerve trunks: cranial, middle and caudal. The suprascapular nerves, subscapular, axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median, ulnar innervated the intrinsic muscles and the subclavian nerve innervated the thoracodorsal, medial cutaneous arm and forearm, long thoracic, cranial pectoral and caudal pectoral innervate extrinsic muscles. The results obtained in this study contribute to the comparative anatomy of primates and to the information for applied research, serving as basis for clinical and surgical procedures that uses this species as an animal model.
Estudos morfol?gicos fornecem conhecimentos que permitem entender o modo como os animais interagem com o ambiente natural ou em cativeiro. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever a origem e a distribui??o antim?rica dos nervos do plexo braquial em Macaca mulatta, assim como dos m?sculos inervados. Foram utilizados 10 cad?veres de Macaca mulatta do sexo masculino, oriundos do Servi?o de Cria??o de Primatas N?o Humanos do Centro de Cria??o de Animais de Laborat?rio (Cecal/Fiocruz) doados a ?rea de Anatomia Animal da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Os esp?cimes foram fixados com perfus?o de solu??o de formalde?do a 10%. Posteriormente, foram acondicionados em caixas de polietileno de baixa densidade com capacidade de 500 litros contendo solu??o de formalde?do a 30% por um per?odo de 12 meses. Ap?s este per?odo, foram lavados em ?gua corrente e submetidos a exames radiogr?ficos da regi?o cervical no Hospital Veterin?rio de Pequenos Animais da UFRRJ para a caracteriza??o do n?mero de v?rtebras cervicais. Em seguida, foram dissecados at? a exposi??o das origens e dos nervos oriundos do plexo braquial. Os dados foram representados em frequ?ncia absoluta e percentual simples. Em 11 (55%) os nervos resultantes foram constitu?dos das conex?es entre os ramos espinhais ventrais de C5, C6, C7, C8 e T1. Em 5 (25%) as ra?zes participantes foram C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 e T2. Em 2 (10%) de C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 e T2. Em outros 2 (10%) verificamos a constitui??o do plexo a partir de C6, C7, C8, T1 e T2. Os ramos ventrais formaram tr?s troncos nervosos: cranial, m?dio e caudal. Os nervos supraescapular, subescapulares, axilar, musculocut?neo, radial, mediano, ulnar inervaram a musculatura intr?nseca e os nervos subcl?vios, toracodorsal, tor?cico longo, peitoral cranial e peitoral caudal inervaram a musculatura extr?nseca. Tamb?m foram registrados os nervos cut?neos oriundos do plexo braquial, sendo eles o nervo cut?neo medial do bra?o, nervo cut?neo medial do antebra?o e ramos para a musculatura cut?nea do tronco. Os dados descritos neste estudo contribuem para a anatomia comparada de primatas e fornecem informa??es para a pesquisa aplicada, servindo como base para procedimentos cl?nico-cir?rgicos em que venha a se utilizar esta esp?cie como modelo experimental.

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Rungsri, Porrakote Kulchaiwat [Verfasser]. "Use of body-mounted inertial sensors to objectively evaluate forelimb lameness in the horse and the response to diagnostic analgesia of the distal limb / Porrakote Kulchaiwat Rungsri." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1076503284/34.

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48

Drapeau, Michelle. "Functional analysis of the associated partial forelimb skeleton from Hadar, Ethiopia (A.L. 438-1) : implications for understanding patterns of variation and evolution in early hominin forearm and hand anatomy /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036822.

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Sy, Candice. "The cloning of notch1 and groove in Notophthalmus viridescens, the red-spotted newt, and an examination of the expression profiles of both genes in the regenerating forelimb through real time RT-PCR." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26539.

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Limb regeneration in urodeles is a complex process that involves the reinduction of a number of genes that are expressed during limb development. Notch is an essential developmental gene that is likely to play a pivotal role in the genetic control of forelimb regeneration in the red-spotted newt, Notophthalmus viridescens. In this thesis, a partial cDNA of the newt homologue of notch1 was cloned, as well as a complete cDNA containing only 5 EGF repeats and a NIDO domain which also showed homology to notch1. This truncated version of notch1 is suspected, based on its functional domains, to act as a secreted dominant negative regulator of Notch signaling. Real time RT-PCR detection of expression of both genes revealed that notch is expressed at relatively high levels in both the 24 hour and the 2 week regenerate. This may point towards a functional role for Notch signaling in the wound healing process, through activation of cell migration and mobilization, and in the regeneration blastema, through induction of cell proliferation and repression of differentiation. The truncated notch isoform is expressed at low levels in all the tissues that express notch, but whether this results in dominant negative regulation of Notch signaling is currently unknown. Together, these data point towards a functional role for notch in epimorphic limb regeneration.

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Ragas, Moner A. "Refining a Post-Stroke Pharmacological and Physical Treatment to Reduce Infarct Volume or Improve Functional Recovery, Using Gene Expression Changes in the Peri-Infarct Region to Examine Potential Mechanisms in Male and Female Rats." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1470395029.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Forelimbs'

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