Journal articles: 'Forensic anthropology population data'

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Cho, Ho-Jung, Dai-Soon Kwak, and In-Beom Kim. "Morphometric Evaluation of Korean Femurs by Geometric Computation: Comparisons of the Sex and the Population." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/730538.

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We measured 28 parameters of 202 femurs from Koreans by an automated geometric computation program using 3D models generated from computed tomography images. The measurement parameters were selected with reference to physical and forensic anthropology studies as well as orthopedic implant design studies. All measurements were calculated using 3D reconstructions on a computer using scientific computation language. We also analyzed sex and population differences by comparison with data from previous studies. Most parameters were larger in males than in females. The height, head diameter, head center offset, and chord length of the diaphysis, most parameters in the distal femur, and the isthmic width of the medullary canal were smaller in Koreans than in other populations. However, the neck-shaft angle, subtense, and width of the intercondylar notch in the distal femur were larger than those in other populations. The results of this study will be useful as a reference for physical and forensic anthropology as well as the design of medical devices suitable for Koreans.

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Carvalho, Suzana Papile Maciel, Liz Magalhães Brito, Luiz Airton Saavedra de Paiva, Lucilene Arilho Ribeiro Bicudo, Richard Richard Juntz, and Rogério Nogueira de Oliveira. "Estudo estimativo do sexo em crânios oriundos da região metropolitana de Guarulhos utilizando Antropologia Física e DNA." Revista Odonto Ciência 32, no. 1 (October 3, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-6523.2017.1.21133.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the sex in human craniums using methodologies of Physical Anthropology, quantitative (Forensic Data Anthropology Bank, FDB, 1986) and one qualitative (Walker, 2008) and genetic analysis by amelogenin.METHODS: The sample was composed of 66 skulls (34 males and 32 females) from the Center for Study and Research in Forensic Science, Guarulhos, SP. The methodologies were applied by two researchers who were unaware of the cranium’s sexes. For the statistical analysis, there were performed descriptive analysis, average, standard deviation, linear discriminant analysis and logistic regression.RESULTS: The qualitative methodology presented an accuracy of 89.52%. For the DNA, it was possible to determine the sex in 86.15% of the sample. Analyzing the results for each skull in three different methodologies, we reached 100% correct.CONCLUSION: As a result of this study, it is recommended that physical anthropology be the chosen method if it presents good accuracy when applied to different populations or if it is validated for the analyzed population. Otherwise, genetic analysis should be used for the determination of the sex.

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Villa, Chiara, Niels Lynnerup, Lene Warner Thorup Boel, Jesper L. Boldsen, Svenja Weise, Camilla Bjarnø, Lars Krants Larsen, and Marie Louise Jørkov. "Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology in Denmark." Scandinavian Journal of Forensic Science 28, s1 (December 1, 2022): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjfs-2022-0016.

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Abstract In this paper, we provide a brief overview of the status of forensic anthropology and forensic archeology in Denmark, as well as related information about education, research, and skeletal collections. Forensic anthropologists mainly deal with the examination of unidentified skeletal remains. Some special tasks include cranial trauma analysis of the recently deceased, advanced 3D visualization from CT scanning of homicide cases, and stature estimation of perpetrators using surveillance videos. Forensic anthropologists are employed at one of Denmark’s three departments of forensic medicine (in Copenhagen, Odense, and Aarhus) and have access to advanced imaging equipment (e.g., CT and MR scanning, surface scanners, and 3D printers) for use in both their requisitioned work and their research. Extensive research is conducted on different topics, such as the health and diseases of past populations, age estimation, and human morphology. Research is based on skeletal material from the archeological collections housed in Copenhagen and Odense or on CT data from the recently deceased. There is no full degree in forensic anthropology in Denmark, but elective courses and lectures are offered to students at different levels and to people from different professional backgrounds. Forensic archaeology is a relatively new field of expertise in Denmark, and relevant cases are rare, with only one or two cases per year. No forensic archeologists are officially employed in any of the departments of forensic medicine. Until recently, the Special Crime Unit of the police handled crime scene investigations involving excavations, but with the option of enlisting the help of outside specialists, such as archaeologists, anthropologists, and pathologists. An official excavation work group was established in 2015 under the lead of the Special Crime Unit of the police with the aim of refining the methods and procedures used in relevant criminal investigations. The group is represented by five police officers from the Special Crime Scene Unit, a police officer from the National Police Dog Training center, the two archaeologists from Moesgaard Museum, a forensic anthropologist from the Department of Forensic Medicine (University of Copenhagen), and a forensic pathologist from the Department of Forensic Medicine (University of Aarhus).

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Diac, Madalina Maria, Tatiana Iov, Simona Irina Damian, Anton Knieling, Nona Girlescu, Codrin Lucasievici, Sofia David, Elena F. Kranioti, and Diana Bulgaru Iliescu. "Estimation of Stature from Tibia Length for Romanian Adult Population." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 15, 2021): 11962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411962.

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The estimation of stature from bones plays an important role in identifying unknown bodies, body parts, or skeletal remains, as it is an important component of the biological profile in forensic identification. The objective of this study is to enhance the development of forensic anthropology in Romania by creating a new regression formula for stature estimation. This can be accomplished from the length of the tibia, taking into account sex and age, for the Romanian adult population. A total of 137 cases from a delimited territory of Romania were included in the study. The length of the tibia and the stature of the individuals were measured before autopsy. Statistical analysis was carried using (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) SPSS 23. Tibia length showed a high correlation with stature for males, females, and the total sample. Four regression formulae were created for stature estimation of Romanian males, females, and unknown sex. The results of the analysis are impressive and have a good applicability in a forensic anthropological context. The data used in this paper provide reliable results with a large applicability in the future for estimating stature from the tibia length for the Romanian adult population.

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Kanchan, Tanuj, Ritesh G. Menezes, Stany W. Lobo, and M. S. Kotian. "Forensic anthropology population data: Stature estimation from foot measurements—Comparison of error in sex dependent and independent models." Forensic Science International 194, no. 1-3 (January 2010): e29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.08.021.

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Tariq, Quratulain, Mariam Ajmal Tareen, Iftikhar Uddin, and Umar Hussain. "Radiographic Employment of Mandibular Third-Molar Mineralisation to Estimate Chronological Age in a Population of Peshawar, Pakistan." Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 30, no. 1 (February 16, 2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25301/jpda.301.39.

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OBJECTIVES: To determine the correlation between chronological age (CA) and mandibular third molar (MTM) development in a sample of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) population. Furthermore, to provide forensic reference data for age determination from MTM mineralisation. Finally, to derive regression formulae specific to this population to estimate age using MTM calcification stages. METHODOLOGY: Four hundred and seventy orthopantomographs (OPGs) of patients aged between 13-26 years from the Orthodontics department archive at the main tertiary dental hospital of KP were studied for development of MTM staging using Demirjian's method. Spearman's Correlation was applied to determine any relationship between CA and MTM development. An Independent two-sample t-test was performed to compare third-molar development in males and females. Population-specific models was developed using quantile regression analysis. RESULTS: A strong positive correlation was found between CA and MTM development (rs = 0.853; p- <0.001). The median quantile regression equation developed for entire sample is: Age = 8.8+ 1.4(developmental stage). Ninety-four percent of males and females at stage H were at least 18 years or older. CONCLUSION: Mandibular third-molars can be an appropriate guide for CA estimation in the KP population. Stage H is likely to occur at 18 years of age. This may be valuable for medicolegal suits requiring CA estimation. KEYWORDS: forensic odontology, forensic anthropology, panoramic radiographs, chronological age estimation, mandibular third-molar, Pakistan HOW TO CITE: Tariq Q, Tareen MA, Uddin I, Hussain U. Radiographic employment of mandibular third-molar mineralisation to estimate chronological age in a population of Peshawar, Pakistan. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):39-44.

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Singh, S. Dilipkumar, and S. Jibonkumar Singh. "Stature Estimation from Lower and Upper Extremity Dimensions among Male Manipuri Muslims of Manipur." Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 11, no. 1 (January 2011): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972558x1101100113.

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Forensic anthropology, a sub-discipline of physical anthropology aims at determining the major biological characteristics of mankind for the purpose of medico-legal expertise. The present study attempts to estimate the stature of male Manipuri Muslims by using purcutaneous Lower and Upper extremity measurements. Data reveals that there is a significant co-relation between stature and the two extremity measurements. It is also evident that the multiplication factors are found to be different from other populations of India. Simple regression equations for all the parameters under study are also formulated.

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Darmawan, Mohd Faaizie, Ahmad Firdaus Zainal Abidin, Shahreen Kasim, Tole Sutikno, and Rahmat Budiarto. "Random forest age estimation model based on length of left hand bone for Asian population." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp549-558.

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In forensic anthropology, age estimation is used to ease the process of identifying the age of a living being or the body of a deceased person. Nonetheless, the specialty of the estimation models is solely suitable to a specific people. Commonly, the models are inter and intra-observer variability as the qualitative set of data is being used which results the estimation of age to rely on forensic experts. This study proposes an age estimation model by using length of bone in left hand of Asian subjects range from newborn up to 18-year-old. One soft computing model, which is Random Forest (RF) is used to develop the estimation model and the results are compared with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), developed in the previous case studies. The performance measurement used in this study and the previous case study are R-square and Mean Square Error (MSE) value. Based on the results produced, the RF model shows comparable results with the ANN and SVM model. For male subjects, the performance of the RF model is better than ANN, however less ideal than SVM model. As for female subjects, the RF model overperfoms both ANN and SVM model. Overall, the RF model is the most suitable model in estimating age for female subjects compared to ANN and SVM model, however for male subjects, RF model is the second best model compared to the both models. Yet, the application of this model is restricted only to experimental purpose or forensic practice.

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Mahakkanukrauh, Pasuk. "Stature Estimation from Dry Bone and Radiographic Clavicular Measurements in A Thai Population." Medicine & Health 16, no. 1 (June 28, 2021): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mh.2021.1601.15.

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Stature is one of the main biological features which can be used to classify unidentified skeletal deceased. Also, precise population data is crucial for forensic anthropology frameworks. Nonetheless, the studies concerning this subject in Thailand are limited and regularly focus on long bones. This study attempts to establish stature estimation equations from clavicular dry bone and radiographic measurements. Both sides of the clavicular bones are separated from 25 female and 112 male deceased in an autopsy room situated in Bangkok, Thailand. Twelve variables of each side of the clavicle are measured. The study outcomes show that stature can be estimated by applying 3 variables in a stepwise regression analysis model in unidentified sex remains, with R2 = 0.49 and standard error of estimation (SEE) 5.238 cm. Moreover, the height of the sternal end of clavicle bones can be used to estimate stature in cases of fragmented clavicles recovered from crime scenes with R2 = 0.238 and SEE 6.353 cm. Maximum length shows the best correlation and model fit with stature (R = 0.562, R2 = 0.316 and SEE 6.020 cm) from radiographic measurements. Therefore, this study presents a complementary, beneficial method for forensic anthropologists to create biological profiles of unidentified skeletal remains in cases where the long bones are not obtainable. Moreover, stature estimation from radiographic measurements can be applied in cases of partial skeletonisation.

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Beschiu, Laura Maria, Lavinia Cosmina Ardelean, Codruta Victoria Tigmeanu, and Laura-Cristina Rusu. "Cranial and Odontological Methods for Sex Estimation—A Scoping Review." Medicina 58, no. 9 (September 14, 2022): 1273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58091273.

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The estimation of sex from osteological and dental records has long been an interdisciplinary field of dentistry, forensic medicine and anthropology alike, as it concerns all the above mentioned specialties. The aim of this article is to review the current literature regarding methods used for sex estimation based on the skull and the teeth, covering articles published between January 2015 and July 2022. New methods and new approaches to old methods are constantly emerging in this field, therefore resulting in the need to summarize the large amount of data available. Morphometric, morphologic and biochemical analysis were reviewed in living populations, autopsy cases and archaeological records. The cranial and odontological sex estimation methods are highly population-specific and there is a great need for these methods to be applied to and verified on more populations. Except for DNA analysis, which has a prediction accuracy of 100%, there is no other single method that can achieve such accuracy in predicting sex from cranial or odontological records.

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Albanese, John, Abegail Dagdag, Carmen Skalic, Stephanie Osley, and Hugo Cardoso. "The Fall and Rise of Identified Reference Collection: It Is Possible and Necessary to Transition from a Typological Conceptualization of Variation to Effective Utilization of Collections." Forensic Sciences 2, no. 2 (June 17, 2022): 438–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci2020033.

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In some jurisdictions, race, ancestry or population affinity are part of the biological profile used in preliminary identification, for historical and political reasons. It is long overdue for forensic anthropologists to abandon this typological approach to human variation, regardless of the terms used. Using a sample (n = 105) selected from the Terry and Coimbra identified reference collections, a blind experimental approach is used to test several metric methods and versions of methods for group estimation (Fordisc 3.0 and 3.1, and AncesTrees), that rely on different statistical approaches (discriminant function analysis and random forest algorithms, respectively) derived from different reference samples (Howells’ data in AncesTrees and Fordisc 3.1, and different forensic subsamples in Fordisc 3.0 and 3.1). The accuracy for matching premortem documented group designation is consistently low (36 to 50%) across testing parameters and consistent with other independent tests. The results clearly show that a change in terminology, software updates, alternative statistics, expanded reference samples, and newer collections will not solve the underlying fundamental problems. It is possible and necessary to transition from a typological conceptualization of variation to the effective utilization of identified reference collections in Forensic Anthropology. In addition to the theoretical and methodological reasons, it is unethical for forensic anthropologists to continue to use on the deceased methods that do not work and that serve only to further exclude and marginalize the living.

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Akinbami, Babatunde Olayemi. "Measurement of Cephalic Indices in Older Children and Adolescents of a Nigerian Population." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/527473.

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Background. A study on the cephalic index was carried out on subjects from school students in Ogbia tribe of Bayelsa state in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. This study determined the cephalic indices among the school students. In the present study, seven hundred subjects were randomly selected from secondary schools comprising 350 males and 350 females, respectively, with age range from 11–20 years, with both parents and grandparents of Ogbia tribe. The length and breadth of the head were measured using a spreading caliper from standard bony landmarks. The measurable point for head length was measured between the glabella and inions while the head breadth was the widest biparietal diameter. The cephalic index was head breadth divided by the head length and multiplied by 100. The result showed that the mean cephalic index was 76.56. Males had a cephalic index of 77.21, while females had a cephalic index of 76.50. Based on this study, 78.68% of individuals were mesocephalic, 11.4% dolichocephalic, 9.0% Brachycephalic, and 0.43% hyperbrachycephalic. This research showed that the school students have mesocephalic phenotype. The data from this research will be useful in anthropology, genetics, forensic medicine, and clinical practice.

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Walung, Eugen Dolma, Mani Raj Maharjan, and Rijen Shrestha. "Estimation of sex using discriminant function analysis of percutaneous finger lengths in Nepalese adults." Journal of Kathmandu Medical College 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v8i2.28167.

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Background: Disasters are a common occurrence in Nepal. This necessitates the development of baseline forensic anthropological data specific to the Nepalese population. Recent advances in the field of forensic medicine and sciences have somewhat reduced the relevance of forensic anthropology in the western developed world. The financial burden of these newer techniques, however, puts emphasis back on methodological examination of remains to establish identity.Objectives: To establish the sex of the individual from the percutaneous length of the fingers.Methodology: One hundred and twenty medical students (58 males and 62 females) were randomly selected and their finger lengths measured. These measurements were analyzed to establish discriminant functions to estimate sex.Results: The equation derived was Y = (1.822 x Left index finger length) + (1.141 x Left little finger length) – 19.211. Group centroids were calculated to be -0.933 for females and 0.998 for males. The sensitivity was found to be 76.9% and a specificity of 78.2%. Overall, the function correctly classified 77.5% of the original cases.Conclusion: Based on these findings, finger length is as reliable in estimation of sex of an individual as other longs bones and can be an ideal tool for examination, especially in remains where the skull and pelvis are absent or missing.

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Shamlou, Austin A., and Sean D. Tallman. "Frontal Sinus Morphological and Dimensional Variation as Seen on Computed Tomography Scans." Biology 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2022): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11081145.

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Frontal sinus variation has been used in forensic anthropology to aid in positive identification since the 1920s. As imaging technology has evolved, so has the quality and quantity of data that practitioners can collect. This study examined frontal sinus morphological and dimensional variation on computed tomography (CT) scans in 325 individuals for assigned sex females and males from African-, Asian-, European-, and Latin American-derived groups. Full coronal sinus outlines from medically derived CT images were transferred into SHAPE v1.3 for elliptical Fourier analysis (EFA). The dimensional data were measured directly from the images using the MicroDicom viewer. Statistical analyses—Pearson’s chi-square, ANOVA, and Tukey post hoc tests—were run in R Studio. Results indicated that 3.7% lacked a frontal sinus and 12.0% had a unilateral sinus, usually on the left (74.3%). Additionally, no statistically significant morphological clustering using EFA was found based on assigned sex and/or population affinity. However, there were statistically significant differences dimensionally (height and depth) when tested against assigned sex and population affinity, indicating that the interactive effects of sexual dimorphism and adaptive population histories influence the dimensions but not the shape of the frontal sinus.

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Magyar, Lóránt, Orsolya Bellovits, and Györgyi Bujdosó. "Changes in anthropometrical data of the Hungarian child and adult population during the last thirty years based on family studies conducted by the Department of Forensic Medicine at Budapest." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 64, no. 2 (June 21, 2006): 227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/64/2006/227.

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Albanese, John, and Alyssa Di Iorio. "A Non-Racial Approach to Assessing Group Membership of Victims in a Mass Grave Using Cranial Data." Forensic Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 25, 2023): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci3010004.

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In some jurisdictions, race, ancestry, or population affinity have been used for historical and po-litical, rather than biological, reasons in forensic anthropology when identifying individuals. The approach persists even though the genetic and skeletal data clearly demonstrate that human variation does not cluster into these groups. For over 60 years, these methods have consistently performed poorly when independently tested using large samples. By racializing the deceased, these methods have further marginalized the living. However, there is a need in the investigation of genocide and human rights violations to demonstrate that a specific group was targeted. Without relying on the outdated typological concepts of human variation, in this paper we present preliminary results for a method that can be used in a mass grave context to demonstrate that a specific group was targeted. Using samples from two identified reference collections, we created subsamples from one relatively homogeneous collection to model various mass grave scenarios and used the relatively heterogenous sample from the other collection as a reference for com-parison. In scenarios that varied by sample size and sex, it was possible to determine that a specific group was targeted if the sample size in a hypothetical mass grave was greater than 25 for a multi-sex sample, when sex is not known, and a minimum of 14 if sex could be estimated.

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Majumder, Plabita, Putul Mahanta, Chandana Kalita, Madhab Ch Rajbangshi, Dipanjal Saikia, Ranjumoni Konwar, Bharati Basumatari, and N. Sherin. "Variability and Patterning in Permanent Tooth Dimensions among Four Ethnic Groups from the North-eastern States of India." BioMed Research International 2022 (September 13, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4733611.

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Background and Objectives. Tooth dimensions provide a wealth of information about human evolution and have forensic and clinical dentistry applications. The present study aimed to assess the mesiodistal (MD), buccolingual (BL), and cervico-incisal (C-I) dimensions of permanent teeth up to the second molars in four ethnic groups of North-eastern India and to compare them with existing standard data. Methods. The study was a comparative cross-sectional study among four different ethnic groups of North-east India among the age group of 20-30 years. Dimensions of the maxillary and mandibular teeth were measured with a digital Vernier calliper using the dental casts of 50 male and 50 female subjects from each of the four ethnic groups under study. The data were statistically analyzed using a Student’s t -test and one-way analysis of variance. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 . Results. The tooth dimensions of all four ethnic groups were significantly lower than the standard values except for the MD dimension of the maxillary second molars of the Singpho group (9.13 mm vs. 9.0 mm); mandibular central incisors of the Meitei group (5.01 mm vs. 5.0 mm); and mandibular lateral incisors of the Meitei, Ao, and Singpho groups (>standard value of 5.5 mm) and BL dimension of the mandibular first premolars of the Meitei and Ao groups (>standard value of 7.5 mm); mandibular second premolars of the Meitei and Singpho groups (>standard value of 8.0 mm); and mandibular second molars of the Ao group (10.04 mm vs. 10.0 mm). In some instances, the comparative analysis revealed group variations in different tooth dimensions among the four ethnic groups ( p < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Variations were observed in the tooth dimensions among the four ethnic groups and within the same population. Unlike other parts of India, the North-eastern population belongs to a distinct ethnic race of indigenous people of East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Arctic region of North America. Hence, population-specific data for India’s North-eastern region are necessary for forensic odontology, dental anthropology, routine dental practice, and effective treatment planning.

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Ansari, Asma Saher, Amynah Tariq Shaikh, Syed Jaffar Abbas Zaidi, Zairah Muqaddas Ansari, and Shakeel Kazmi. "PERMANENT MANDIBULAR SECOND MOLARS." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 11 (November 10, 2018): 1747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4751.

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Objectives: Tooth morphology plays an important role in dental anthropology& forensic odontology. This study was conducted to determine the frequencies of variationsin occlusal surface patterns in permanent mandibular second molars in a subset of Pakistanipopulation. Data Source: 500 medical and dental students of Dow University of Health Sciencesand healthy volunteers visiting the dental OPD with age range from 17 to 25 years. Design ofStudy: Cross-sectional analytical Study. Setting: Department of Oral Biology, Dr. IshratulIbadKhan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences. Period: May 2017till August 2017. Materials & Methods: This analytical study was conducted in the departmentof Oral Biology at Dr Ishratul Ibad Khan Institute of Oral Health Science. Five hundred dentalcasts after interoral exam and impression taking were studied for the variations in the frequencyof of cusps and their relative groove and fissure pattern. Statistical analysis was performed byDescriptive analysis and Chi Square. Results: Out of the fivbe hundred casts that were analysed,51% were of males and 49% were of females. The four-cusped variety of mandibular molars withpresence of distal fovea and distal marginal ridge was the most frequent (95.4%) while the mostprevalent occlusal groove form was “+” shape (88.4%). Frequently present occlusal patternwas the “+4” form (85.4%). Conclusion: The occlusal configurations of mandibular molarsshowed high degree of variability. The most frequently occurring pattern of occlusal surface ofmandibular second molars in this subset of Pakistani population was determined to be “+4”form. These findings can be used for forensic, teaching & clinical purposes by providing aPakistani database for morphological characteristic of mandibular molars.

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Kumar, Virendra, Rohit Sharma, and Jolly Agarwal. "Morphometric Analysis and Degree of Satisfaction of Nasal Profiles in Young Medical Students in Northern India." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 9, no. 1 (2016): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1258.

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ABSTRACT Background The nose is the most prominent feature on the face, giving it an exaggerated importance than other facial features. Many people have some complaints about the shapes of their noses. There is increasing interest in cosmetic rhinoplasty in recent times, but reports of anthropometric measurements of the Indian population are limited. Aims The objective of this survey was to provide anthropometric data for reconstructive and cosmetic surgery, and medical esthetics. Materials and methods A random sample of medical students of both the sexes between the ages of 18 and 25 years from our medical college was obtained for this study. We measured the nasal height, nasal width, and anatomical nasal index. We also inquired about the degree of satisfaction and, in case of dissatisfaction, what an individual wants with his/her nose. The data were analyzed statistically. Results Nasal indices were leptorrhine type and showed sexual dimorphism (female vs male: 60.44 vs 67.79). Most of the individuals were satisfied with their nose. Those unsatisfied had larger nasal indices and wanted smaller noses. Conclusion This study can help in understanding the need of those who want a more “shapely” nose and can contribute to satisfactory results of cosmetic and reconstructive nasal surgery, anthropology, and forensic medicine. How to cite this article Agarwal J, Sharma R, Kumar V. Morphometric Analysis and Degree of Satisfaction of Nasal Profiles in Young Medical Students in Northern India. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(1):24-27.

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Phombut, Chotchuang, Supakit Rooppakhun, and Bura Sindhupakorn. "Morphometric Analysis and Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Reconstruction of Thai Distal Femur." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031052.

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This study evaluates the distal femur morphology of the Thai population using a three-dimensional (3D) measurement method, measuring the distance between the triangular point of the femoral 3D model. The 3D model of 360 Thai femoral obtained from 180 volunteers (90 males, 90 females; range 20–50 years, average 32.8 years) was created using reverse engineering techniques from computed tomography imaging data. Using the 3D identified landmark method, the morphometric parameters evaluated included transepicondylar axis length (TEA), mediolateral length (ML), anteroposterior width (AP), medial anteroposterior width (MAP), lateral anteroposterior width (LAP), medial condyle width (MCW), lateral condyle width (LCW), intercondylar notch width (WIN), intercondylar notch depth (DIN), medial posterior condyle height (MPC), lateral posterior condyle height (LPC), femoral aspect ratio (ML/AP), lateral femoral aspect ratio (ML/LAP), and medial femoral aspect ratio (ML/MAP). The measured data were summarized for the analysis of an average value and standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent samples t-test, unequal variances t-test, and linear regression. A p-value less than 0.05 (<0.05) was regarded as statistically significant and indicates strong evidence of the hypothesis. Additionally, the K-means clustering analysis of Thai distal femoral to the optimum size of the prosthesis with the correlation between ML length and AP width was performed. The results found that the morphometric parameters of the Thai male distal femur were significantly different and higher than those of Thai females, except for the ratio of ML/AP and ML/MAP. Comparatively, there was a significant difference between the specific size of Thai distal femur and that of the Korean population, which was also smaller than that for Caucasians. In addition, there was a mismatch between the distal femoral component sizing of knee prosthesis and what is available and commonly used in Thailand. At least six sizes of ML and/or AP should be recommended for the reasonable design of distal femoral prosthesis for covering the anatomy of Thais. These data are useful for predicting the morphometric parameters in forensic anthropology and provide basic data for the design of knee prostheses suitable for the Thai population.

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Djuric, Marija, Zoran Rakocevic, and Nenad Rankovic. "Age assessment at the time of death based on panoramic radiography." Vojnosanitetski pregled 62, no. 7-8 (2005): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0508557d.

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Background. The determination of age at the time of death is an important method in forensic anthropology and paleodemography. The possible postmortem investigation of the teeth and jaws enables the determination of age at the time of death, as the bones and teeth are both resistant to degradation in soil and characterized by age-related morphological changes. The aim of this study was to determine whether the age-related changes visible on panoramic radiography correlated with age, and enabled the assessment of individual age. Methods. Seven radiographic parameters were used in the study: tooth loss, occlusal tooth wear, pulp stones, carious teeth, periapical disease, tooth restoration, and alveolar bone loss associated with periodontal disease. Results. The material comprised 314 dental panoramic tomograms of living patients of both sexes with documented age (18 to 77 years). Multiple regression equations were constructed for the age estimation, including four parameters (the number of missing teeth, the number of intact teeth, the distance of cement-enamel junction from the alveolar ridge, the number of abraded teeth). The nature of data treated by regression analysis required the careful choice of parameters, appropriate functional model for each parameter, and the experience of the investigator. With the four parameters included in equations, the error was ? 2.55 years. Conclusion. This preliminary analysis showed that the conventional regression technique could be appropriate for the age estimation based on panoramic radiography, and that an additional study with a larger sample and on wider population was required.

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Ojigho, Efe Jennifer, and Igho Emmanuel Odokuma. "Pencil Grip Patterns of Students and Skilled Workers." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 15, no. 1 (March 14, 2019): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v15i1.19286.

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Background: Pencil grip can be defined via detailed descriptions of the variables constituting the grip and it commences in the preschool years with writing instruments and therefore relevant to graphologists, forensic medicine and anthropology. The purpose of this investigation was to describe the diversity of pencil grip patterns among students and skilled workers in Delta State, Nigeria. The research also aimed at determining the effects of sociodemographic factors, handedness,and handwriting speed on pencil grip patters. Methods: Stratified random sampling was employed in this cross sectional observational study. Five hundred and fourty three volunteers between the ages of 11-77 years were investigated. Students were observed while writing from their textbooks and skilled workers were observed writing from any available news paper. Photograph of the writing hand was captured with the digital canon camera. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20. Kruska wallis test was used to establish relationship between pencil grip patterns and sociodemographic factors. Handwriting speed was determined by a speed score (letters per minute) and timed for 60 secounds for each participant. A self administered questionnaire was used to obtain data on sociodemographic factors. Results: This investigation demonstrates that gender had a significant effect on pencil grip patterns among secondary students (p<0.05)(K.W=7.54. df=1. p=0.01). Further observation showed that age and profession had a significant effect on pencil grip patterns among skilled workers at p<0.05 (K.W= 43.09,134.69 ,df=3,3, p=0.00,0.00). Conclusions: Findings from this investigation present the dynamic tripod grip as the most predominant grip pattern in the studied population.

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Mathew, Sherin, Sudeendra Prabhu, Dhanesh Narayanan, Prasanna Kumar, Maji Jose, and Akhter Husain. "Estimation of stature with the help of tooth length using cone beam computed tomography." Biomedicine 42, no. 5 (November 14, 2022): 961–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v42i5.1767.

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Introduction and Aim: Stature is the primary tool in personal identification for forensic and physical anthropology for over a period. In the absence of full skeleton, the stature can be estimated from various skeletal components. Utilizing cranium and dentition measurements is simpler as these structures are fixed, grown and straight forward to locate. Few researches had been undertaken to establish the efficacy of teeth dimensions in height assessment. But we could not come across any such studies on tooth length. So, the present research was conducted to estimate the stature from tooth length using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Tooth lengths of all 4 canines were measured on digital CBCT using inbuilt software Planmeca Romexis® Software (Helsinki, Finland). Height was considered as measurement of length, from the head to toe using standard height chart. Pearson correlation test and linear regression analysis was used as a statistical tool for co-relation co-efficient and population specific formula for height assessment. Results: There was a very good correlation between tooth length and stature, with r value 0.12-0.81 and p value less than 0.05. The length of the mandibular right canine had better correlation with stature followed by mandibular left canine, maxillary left canine and maxillary right canine. Regression equation was developed from tooth length, to predict stature. Conclusion: Tooth length measuring using CBCT has a very good correlation with the height of the individual, as it is closer to actual length. Combined data, without sex as a parameter provides more accurate prediction. However, predication accuracy was better in females than males, when gender considered as a parameter in the regression analysis.

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Farhat, Nazma, Humaira Naushaba, Rita Rani Saha, M. Tanveer Hossain Parash, Jubaida Gulshan Ara, and Mallika Karmakar. "Photographic Estimation of Facial Height and Nasal Length of Bangladeshi Women." Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy 11, no. 2 (October 18, 2014): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i2.20669.

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Context: Estimation of facial height and nasal length from digital photography is important to evaluate and planning surgical treatment of facial trauma, facial defect and post traumatic deformity. So facial height and nasal length values are of great use in plastic surgery and reconstructive surgery. These values are also important for identification of a person in forensic anthropology and archeology. The reliability of estimation of facial height from nasal length by using multiplication factor is high. The values of facial height and nasal length vary among populations. Materials and Method: This is a cross sectional, analytical type of study conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from January 2010 to June 2011. One hundred (100) Bangladeshi 25 to 45 years old women were selected for the study. Fourth class female employees of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital and part time housemaids of Mitford area were selected by purposive sampling as study subjects. Results: The values of facial height and nasal length were 17.949 ± 1.3111cm and 5.179 ± 0.5349cm respectively. Multiplication factor for measuring facial height from nasal length was 3.49 ± 0.2864 (Mean ± SD). No significant difference was found between the measured and estimated facial height from nasal length. Conclusion: The anthropometric base line data of different facial dimensions might help the surgeons in diagnosing and treating reconstructive cases DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i2.20669 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2013, Vol. 11 No. 2 pp 50-53

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Ar, Assi, Beugre Jb, Gnadoh Jj, and Beugre-Kouassi Al. "Diagnose Anthropologique A Partir Des Caractéristiques Dento-Squelettiques Et D’épaisseurs Des Tissus Mous Du Profil Facial: Etude Comparative Entre Population Autochtone Et Diaspora Etrangère." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 36 (December 31, 2016): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n36p286.

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Objective : The aim of this study was to search for the particularities in the dento-skeletal and soft tissue thickness of the facial cutaneous profile of Black Ivorians and White Lebanese. Material and methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study, concerned with numerical radiographs extracted from medical files of 119 adolescent patients [62 Ivorians (34 females and 28 males) and 57 Lebanese (31 females and 26 males)], from 11 to 16 years old, with skeletal class I and normodivergent faces, in first orthodontic surgery. From a drawing on acetate paper (Kodatrace type) and the materialization of true vertical and true horizontal (TVL and THL), 30 landmarks (19 cephalometric and 11 facial cutaneous profile landmarks) allowed the construction of lines and plans as well as 17 dento-skeletal measurements (10 angular et 7 linear) and 12 soft tissue thickness measurements. The data reliability was verified by Dahlberg’s error method, while the t of student on independent series (signification threshold at 0,05) allowed to compare dento-skeletal characteristics and soft tissue thickness of the two groups. The Results : Compared to White Lebanese, Black Ivorians present a facial prognathism resulting in more pronounced protrusion of alveolar bases (SNA= 85,714°, SNB= 81,321°, A-NPerp= 5,768°) and vestibuloversion of central incisives (I/i= 111,679°, I/NA= 7,214mm, i/NB= 9,036mm, NA and NB (I/NA= 27,952° and i/NB= 36,266°) responsible of the obtuser facial convexity (NA-Pog= 169,338°). Indeed, this facial convexity reveals a very low prominence of the chin (Pog-NB= -0,565 mm). Also, the maxillomandibular discrepancy observed (FMA= 24,516°, greater), implies a more important facial growth kinetic in vertical direction with black Ivoirians. This is considerably reduced with females, with a less pronounced FMA angle compared to Lebanese females [FMA° (P=0,211 ns)]. The cutaneous effect of that dento-skeletal prognathism, is tangible through more protrusive lips – hence, thicker - lips (Id-Ls= 13,677 mm and id-Li= 15,919 mm). In this way, the observed substantial thickness is justified, of supporting peri-buccal soft tissue [lower lip’s base (B-Sm= 13,742 mm) and the most inferior part of the chin (Me-Me'= 7,984 mm)]. The two males groups present, however, a soft tissue thickness relatively similar on all the chin surface [Pog-Pog’ (P= 0,393 ns); Gn-Gn’ (P=0,251 ns); Me-Me’ (P=0,245 ns)]. The Black Ivorians’ nose, platyrrhines, low and diving, present a thicker back (Rhi-Rhi’= 3,741 mm) and thin supporting peripheral soft tissue thickness (ENA-Prn = 22,468 mm, Prn perp/Sn-N’=12,935 mm, A-Sn= 13,097 mm) in general. In addition to those specific characteristics of Black Ivorians, males have a thicker soft tissue on the root of the nose (N-N’= 6,769 mm). Among the two female groups, the characteristics of soft tissue thickness are much more contrasted. Thus, besides the traditional morphological features (nose more prominent - so, thicker - with Lebanese females, and thicker lips with Ivorian females), the forehead (G-G’= 6,441mm) and the chin (Pog-Pog’= 13,941mm, GnGn’= 10,471mm, Me-Me’= 8,618mm) of Ivorian females are thicker. Conclusion : The characteristics of dento-skeletal and soft tissue thickness of Black Ivorians and White Lebanese, reflect the anthropological diagnosis of their original ethnical groups. Facial prognathism and acuteness of facial convexity are observed, as well as greater soft tissue thickness of the inferior facial third (especially in females) traditionally particularizing the negroAfricans. However, a morphological proximity of the two ethnic groups is noticeable among males, concerning the soft tissue thickness of the chin, but also in females as for facial divergence. This study, because of what the results highlightened, has a forensic anthropology interest, and reveals the importance of radiological cephalometry.

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Langley, Natalie R., Lee Meadows Jantz, Shauna McNulty, Heli Maijanen, Stephen D. Ousley, and Richard L. Jantz. "Error quantification of osteometric data in forensic anthropology." Forensic Science International 287 (June 2018): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.04.004.

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Carracedo, Ángel, John M. Butler, Leonor Gusmão, Walther Parson, Lutz Roewer, and Peter M. Schneider. "Publication of population data for forensic purposes." Forensic Science International: Genetics 4, no. 3 (April 2010): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2010.02.001.

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Malik, Samina, Mahwish Arooj, Sulayman Waquar, Naveed Shuja, and Arif Malik. "Insinuation of Extrapolative Factors of Diagnostic Importance in Breast Cancer Patients Experiencing Thyroid Dysfunction." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 7 (July 30, 2022): 594–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22167594.

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Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women and now regarded as the commonest cancer overall. Over 2 million new cases were diagnosed in 2018, accounting for almost 25% of cancer cases among women. The main objective of the study is to find the insinuation of extrapolative factors of diagnostic importance in breast cancer patients experiencing thyroid dysfunction. Materials and methods: This correlational study was conducted on Jinnah Hospital patients with the permission of ethical committee of the hospital and consent of the patients. The data was collected from 88 cases and 50 controls. All the patients who had a definite diagnosis of BC along with, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), or thyroid cancer were included in this study. The study population was divided into three comparative groups: (1) controls (n = 50), (2) BC cases with hypothyroidism (n = 27), and (3) BC cases with hyperthyroidism (n = 61). Results: The mean age was 47.325±4.59 years for controls, 51.59±8.59 years for the hypothyroid cases, and 50.59±5.58 years for the hyperthyroid cases. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) for controls, hypothyroid and hyperthyroid was 121.25±6.58 mmHg, 98.259±8.59 mmHg and 129.65±7.59 mmHg respectively. The P-values less than 0.05 were considered to be significant (table 01). The demographic and hematological data of control, hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups was tabulated. A positive correlation of breast cancer in women with hyperthyroidism and a slightly negative correlation in women with hypothyroidism was found. Conclusion: There appears to be an association between the thyroid function level and breast cancer risk. It can be extrapolated that anxiety associated with hyperthyroidism may play a role in stress induced BC. Therefore, thyroid function should be monitored in patients at risk of BC. Keyword: Breast cancer, Thyroid, Dysfunction, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Anxiety.

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Langley, Natalie R., Lee Meadows Jantz, Shauna McNulty, Heli Maijanen, Stephen D. Ousley, and Richard L. Jantz. "Data for validation of osteometric methods in forensic anthropology." Data in Brief 19 (August 2018): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.04.148.

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Chaudhry, Javed, Asma Inam, Khadija Javed, Abdullah Javed, Gulpash Saghir, and Najma Shoaib. "A Study of Empirical Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Indoor Patients." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22168113.

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Background: Proton pump inhibitors are amongst most widely used gastric protectants due to their effectiveness. However, there are concerns about their over utilization, patient safety and socioeconomic burden. Aim: To evaluate empirical use, risks and hazards associated with over- usage of Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore from July to August 2021. Seventy five patients were randomly picked up from indoor wards of the hospital. Patient’s demographic data and frequency of PPIs usage was recorded. Route of administration, adverse effects and indications of proton pump inhibitors were also noted in percentages. Results: All patients were prescribed PPIs on their admission day. Among them, two patients were concomitantly taking H2 Receptor Blockers. Seventy eight (78 %) users were administered PPIs through intravenous route, while rest were given once daily oral formulation. Fourty two (42) % of patients were not prescribed PPIs according to AGA criteria. Moreover, 12% of our sample population suffered from different adverse effects like diarrhea, abdominal pain, bone pain and headache. The results of our study clearly indicated frequent use of PPIs in indoor patients as a prophylaxis of SRMD. Conclusion: Keeping in view the incorrect use of antiacids and their adverse effects including increased risk of enteric and hospital acquired infection, unnecessary use of PPIs in admitted patients should be monitored regularly. MeSH words: PPIs, SRMD, NSAIDs, AG

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Thomson, Glenys, Richard M. Single, Alex Lancaster, Owen Solberg, Diogo Meyer, Steven J. Mack, and Henry Erlich. "Population genetic analyses of the 13th IHW anthropology data." Human Immunology 66, no. 8 (August 2005): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2005.08.125.

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Mumtaz, Seema, Sameera Ali Rizvi, Nida Shoaib, Ayesha Tahir, Niaz Ahmed, Sheikh Hassnain Haider, and Mumtaz Ali. "Concerns of University Students Regarding COVID-19 Lockdown: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey in Karachi, Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22168119.

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Aim: To assess the concerns of university students regarding COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: A Cross-Sectional online survey was conducted among student population living in different socio-economical areas of Karachi. Information was gathered on their age, gender, education level, occupation status, area of residence, and knowledge about lockdown due to Covid-19. These variables were examined according to the socio-economic status of the area where students reside. Results: A total of 200 subjects above 20 years were interviewed out of which data was analyzed for 160 subjects. The majority of students were between the ages of 20-25 years, females, Muslims, and unemployed. According to 86.9% of students COVID-19 can be prevented by avoiding contact and almost 74.4% students were in favor of lockdown further 37.5% students wanted no gaps between lockdowns. In this study, 31.3% spent time using phones while 15% spent time reading while 22% of the students spent their time in physical activity. Almost 66.3% of students did not develop any psychological problems. About 77.5% did not face any financial problems. Conclusion: Most of the respondents were in favor of lockdown as COVID-19 spread can be prevented by avoiding contact. Study highlighted COVID-19 lockdown had no effect on mental health of the respondents. This study will help in creating awareness regarding lockdown. It will enlighten new arenas for public health experts and stakeholders to develop new strategies, and interventions and predict a preparedness program plan for future Pandemic. Keywords: Covid-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Lockdown, Karachi

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Mumtaz, Seema, Sameera Ali Rizvi, Nida Shoaib, Ayesha Tahir, Niaz Ahmed, Sheikh Hassnain Haider, and Mumtaz Ali. "Concerns of University Students Regarding COVID-19 Lockdown: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey in Karachi, Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2216827.

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Aim: To assess the concerns of university students regarding COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: A Cross-Sectional online survey was conducted among student population living in different socio-economical areas of Karachi. Information was gathered on their age, gender, education level, occupation status, area of residence, and knowledge about lockdown due to Covid-19. These variables were examined according to the socio-economic status of the area where students reside. Results: A total of 200 subjects above 20 years were interviewed out of which data was analyzed for 160 subjects. The majority of students were between the ages of 20-25 years, females, Muslims, and unemployed. According to 86.9% of students COVID-19 can be prevented by avoiding contact and almost 74.4% students were in favor of lockdown further 37.5% students wanted no gaps between lockdowns. In this study, 31.3% spent time using phones while 15% spent time reading while 22% of the students spent their time in physical activity. Almost 66.3% of students did not develop any psychological problems. About 77.5% did not face any financial problems. Conclusion: Most of the respondents were in favor of lockdown as COVID-19 spread can be prevented by avoiding contact. Study highlighted COVID-19 lockdown had no effect on mental health of the respondents. This study will help in creating awareness regarding lockdown. It will enlighten new arenas for public health experts and stakeholders to develop new strategies, and interventions and predict a preparedness program plan for future Pandemic. Keywords: Covid-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Lockdown, Karachi

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Barbaro, A., C. Phillips, M. Fondevila, Á. Carracedo, and M. V. Lareu. "Population data of 52 autosomal SNPs in Italian population." Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2, no. 1 (December 2009): 351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.08.132.

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Yuan, W. A., L. B. Yun, X. H. Song, P. Bai, L. Tian, M. L. Sun, J. Zhang, Y. B. Li, J. Wu, and Y. P. Hou. "Population Data of Two STR Loci in Chinese Population." Journal of Forensic Sciences 50, no. 3 (2005): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs2004432.

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Borosky, Alicia, Ulises Toscanini, Andrea Gómez, María Laura Parolín, Néstor Basso, and Carlos Vullo. "Forensic population data for 20 STR loci in Argentina." Forensic Science International: Genetics 13 (November 2014): e20-e21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2014.07.008.

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Rand, S., C. Puers, K. Skowasch, P. Wiegand, B. Budowle, and B. Brinkmann. "Population genetics and forensic efficiency data of 4 AMPFLP's." International Journal of Legal Medicine 104, no. 6 (November 1992): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01369552.

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Wang, Xin-Yue, Xi Chen, Li Chen, and Qing Wang. "Research on the Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Korea's Foreign Direct Investment in RCEP Partners." Journal of Korea Trade 26, no. 4 (June 30, 2022): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2022.26.4.83.

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Purpose - In this paper, we, taking South Korea's foreign direct investment in RCEP partners as an example, will examine its investment efficiency in these countries and analyze the main influencing factors, making suggestions for further liberalizing and facilitating its investment in and even for promoting its trade and economic cooperation with them. Design/methodology - In this study, we look at the panel data of South Korea and the other 13 RCEP countries (Brunei excluded) from 2000 to 2019 and apply the stochastic frontier analysis to measure its foreign direct investment efficiency and explore the influencing factors in RCEP countries. We examine the investment potential of South Korea in these places. Findings - We find that South Korea's average investment efficiency in RCEP countries reached 0.62, indicating large investment potential. We also find that its investment efficiency in RCEP partners was heterogeneous. Our study reveals that South Korea’s foreign direct investment is significantly positively correlated with the market size and population of the two countries, as well as with whether the host country has a coastline and rich natural resources, while negatively with geographic distance. It shows that free trade agreements, economic freedom, and regulatory quality play significant roles in improving investment efficiency. Originality/value - Through theoretical and empirical analysis, we deal with the efficiency and influencing factors of South Korea's direct investment in RCEP partners, proposing new drivers for facilitating its trade and investment in these countries and comprehensively evaluating the efficiency and revealing the trend of its FDI in these countries. In this paper, we put forward a solid theoretical basis for empirical analysis of the future economic and trade development between South Korea and its RCEP partners and give objective insights for further improving its foreign direct investment efficiency and tapping its investment potential.

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Keckarević, Dušan, Dušanka Savić, Milica Keckarević, Miljana Stevanović, Aleksej Tarasjev, Biljana Čuljković, Ana Đarmati, Slobodanka Vukosavić, and Stanka Romac. "Population data on 14 STR loci from population of Serbia and Montenegro (new and renewed data)." Forensic Science International 151, no. 2-3 (July 2005): 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.01.009.

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Abreu-Glowacka, Monica, Witold Pepinski, Eliza Michalak, Magdalena Konarzewska, Krzysztof Zak, Malgorzata Skawronska, Anna Niemcunowicz-Janica, Ireneusz Soltyszewski, Pawel Krajewski, and Czeslaw Zaba. "Population Genetic Data of 30 Insertion-Deletion Markers in the Polish Population." Genes 13, no. 10 (September 20, 2022): 1683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13101683.

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(1) Background: Insertion-deletion (InDel) markers show the advantages of both short tandem repeats (STRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and are considered alternative markers in forensic genetics. (2) Methods: Allelic frequencies and corresponding forensic efficiency parameters of 30 autosomal polymorphic InDel loci included in the Investigator DIPplex kit (Qiagen) were obtained in a sample of 631 unrelated Polish individuals. Allelic frequency data were compared with those reported for selected populations (3) Results: All the loci conformed with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after applying a Bonferroni correction and no pair-wise significant linkage disequilibrium was detected. (4) Conclusions: DIPplex Kit differences were high among populations worldwide. The InDel markers are highly discriminating for human identification purposes in the Polish population.

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Kim, Eun Hye, Hwan Young Lee, In Seok Yang, Woo Ick Yang, and Kyoung-Jin Shin. "Population data for 30 insertion–deletion markers in a Korean population." International Journal of Legal Medicine 128, no. 1 (March 26, 2013): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-013-0851-6.

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Bento, A. M., A. Semo, V. Lopes, V. Bogas, P. Brito, A. Serra, L. Andrade, L. Souto, F. Corte-Real, and M. J. Anjos. "Population data for Central Portugal population with NGM amplification kit." Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 4, no. 1 (2013): e152-e153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigss.2013.10.079.

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Sueblinvong, Tada, and Unchalee Kongsrisook. "Population data of 8 short tandem repeat loci in the Thai population." Forensic Science International 103, no. 3 (September 1999): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00086-9.

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Goonawardhana, N. D. S., G. S. K. W. Jayasekara, V. Elanahai, P. V. Udagama, and N. D. Fernandopulle. "Population genetic data for ten miniSTR loci in the Sri Lankan population." International Journal of Legal Medicine 131, no. 4 (December 12, 2016): 969–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-016-1512-3.

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Füredi, S., Z. Kozma, J. Woller, Z. Pádár, M. Angyal, I. Bajnóczky, and K. Nishi. "Population genetic data on four STR loci in a Hungarian Romany population." International Journal of Legal Medicine 112, no. 1 (December 8, 1998): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004140050204.

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Peckmann, Tanya R., Shelby Scott, Susan Meek, and Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh. "Sex estimation from the scapula in a contemporary Thai population: Applications for forensic anthropology." Science & Justice 57, no. 4 (July 2017): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2017.02.005.

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Rak, Szilvia Ágnes, Andrea Zalán, György Szabados, and Horolma Pamjav. "Population genetic data on 15 STR loci in the Hungarian population." Forensic Science International: Genetics 5, no. 5 (November 2011): 543–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2009.12.001.

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Tillmar, Andreas O., and Kerstin Montelius. "Population data of 12 Y-STR loci from a Somali population." Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2, no. 1 (December 2009): 413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.08.078.

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Szabo, A., M. Schürenkamp, and J. Hühne. "Hungarian population data for six STR loci." International Journal of Legal Medicine 111, no. 1 (December 19, 1997): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004140050112.

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Panagiaris, G., S. Manolis, and Con Zafeiratos. "Geographical differentiation of cephalometric data of a nomadic isolated Hellenic population (Sarakatsani)." International Journal of Anthropology 9, no. 4 (October 1994): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02447569.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Forensic anthropology population data'

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