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Journal articles on the topic 'Forensic institutes'
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1
Kryvak, T., and N. Baiurko. "INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF THE EUROPEAN NETWORK OF FORENSIC SCIENCE INSTITUTES (ENFSI) AND FORENSIC INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 65 (May 18, 2020): 170–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2020.65.17.
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The article deals with the main aspects of the activities of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI), which is the largest European network of forensic institutions and, at the same time, one of the most significant. The main structural components of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI) are analyzed. In particular, there are highlighted the main tasks and goals that the Board and the ENFSI Secretariat, expert working groups, standing committees set for the achievement of aims. The purpose of this article was to show the main internal directions of the work of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI), in particular, what are the work of expert groups, the standing committees, their interaction between themselves and expert-working groups. There are also highlighted basic principles of ENFSI standing committees within the framework with the European Commission. It is also drawn attention to the main projects of the ENFSI standing committees, which are so-called Monopoly projects and which are funded by the European Commission. The article reveals not only the internal interaction of ENFSI, but also the external work of the network: in the International Forensic Expert Alliance (IFSA), interaction with Interpol and Europol. Interpol, being the most developed international organization in the fight against crime, pays significant attention to interaction and cooperation with forensic institutions. For these purposes, Interpol organizes and conducts international symposia on the entire range of forensic examinations, including forensic. The cooperation between ENFSI and Europol is no less fruitful, since Europol has extensive experience in hosting pan-European databases. Due to the interaction between ENFSI and Europol, it has been launched the Expert Platform (EPE) which offers a set of common functions customized to the needs of each expert community. Forensic institutions of Ukraine are closely involved in international cooperation in the field of forensics. In particular, the Kyiv Scientific Research Institute of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, is a member of ENFSI, is actively involved in international activities, including participating in the work of working groups within the framework of ENFSI, as well as international symposia, seminars and projects.
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Staub, Christian. "Analytical Chemistry at Forensic Institutes." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 56, no. 3 (2002): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/000942902777674664.
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Petrova, I. A. "MOTIVATION WAYS FOR EMPLOYEES OF FORENSIC SCIENCE INSTITUTES OF UKRAINE." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 18 (December 26, 2018): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2018.23.
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Currently sustainable development of an organization in any field today depends on implementing possibility of employees’ potential which is entirely dependent on work motivation at this institute. Author outlines ways and methods for motivating the staff of forensic science institutes in the context of ensuring needs formation of an individual employee for continuous personal development through sustainable development of a forensic science institute in general. Author considers concepts correlation of Stimulation and Motivation, defines their nature and effect on a person; determines the part of motivation in creating sustainable internal motives for employees. Motivation of an employee is defined as his inducement to satisfy his own needs and achieve personal goals through the achievement of institute goal. Besides, author emphasizes that for formation of a stable employee motivation for satisfying their own needs the staff should use such a tool as stimulation in addition to other means. Author notices that investing (it is necessary to use together material and intangible components of motivation) into human capital will allow to form a necessary level of employees qualification that will ensure that forensic science institute will provide guarantees for sustainable development in the future. Author outlines general features of material and non-material components of motivation and emphasizes that use of non-material motivation methods requires careful substantiation of entire motivation system at the institute. Particular attention is paid to the need to balance main motives of managers and subordinates for continuous development of employees and institutions at the same time. An effective motivational mechanism is considered which allows taking into account all the specifics of a particular forensic science institute and has motivation methods that are most useful for this institution and provide motivation for each employee.
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Gasparian, S. G. "MEANS FOR INCREASING QUALITY OF STAFF TRAINING FOR FORENSIC SCIENCE INSTITUTES OF THE MINISTRY OF JUSTICE OF UKRAINE." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 18 (December 26, 2018): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2018.30.
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At present, the issue of training highly qualified brainpower is one of priority issues while solving tasks related to forensic science reform aimed at its further development and improving the quality of forensic researches. Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Kharkiv Research Institute of Forensic Examinations is one of the oldest state forensic science institutes in Ukraine having sufficient experience in staff training. However, the training of highly qualified scientific personnel directly in graduate school of the Institute was carried out only at the beginning of forensic science institutions functioning. Thus, on September 18, 1925, Sovnarkom of the Ukrainian SSR adopted a resolution "On graduate students under scientific and forensic science offices" that determined the training procedure for experts in forensic examination for needs of these offices from persons having a professional higher education. Duties for postgraduate students with a three-year training period were provided at the Kharkiv, Kiev and Odessa offices of scientific and forensic examination according to this resolution. During the Second World War the graduate school came to an end. The lack of own graduate school complicates the work performed for highly qualified specialists training that leads to development inhibition of scientific and forensic science potential in Ukraine. KhRIFE direction performs relevant activities in order to solve issues related to the training for highly qualified brainpower. So, on June 13, 2018, the Institute received a license permitting perform educational activities in the field of higher education at the third educational and scientific level (PhD training) according to the field of specialization: 081 "Law". All the necessary activities have been carried out at the Institute for creation the graduate school according to obtained license. Decent peopleware of state forensic science institutions will guarantee high quality of expert researches, new modern expert methods, development of forensic expert activities in Ukraine.
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Naumenko, S. "THE SYSTEM OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES INTERACTING WITH FORENSIC SCIENCE INSTITUTES." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 22, no. 2 (2020): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2.2020.16.
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The article outlines the content and features of the system of law enforcement agencies interacting with forensic science institutes. The concept of law enforcement agencies and their system are studied. The characteristics of the general category of interaction of law enforcement agencies with forensic science institutes have been determined. Signs of interaction of forensic science institutes with law enforcement agencies have been established. It is also found that today problems of cooperation of law enforcement agencies with forensic scientists require detailed study and identification of gaps in legal and regulatory frameworks, determination of ways for their elimination. It should be emphasized that signs of cooperation of forensic science institutions with law enforcement agencies may include the following: joint activity of the indicated legal entities regulated by administrative regulations and other fields of law; agreed on goals, tasks, place, time, means and methods of activity; aimed at achieving common goals and results; the content of interaction is determined by set tasks and results, it is aimed at fulfilling them; parties bear responsibility for nonperformance or improper execution of interaction tasks. Cooperation of forensic science institutes with law enforcement authorities called to provide skilled, rapid and objective execution of criminal proceedings tasks as well as application of special knowledge in other areas of law-enforcement activity.
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Choi, Mi-Jung, Jin-Woo Choi, Dae-Hoon Kwak, and Heung-Shik Kim. "Rational Model and Design of Forensic Research Institutes." Korean Academy of Scientific Criminal Investigation 12, no. 1 (2018): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20297/jsci.2018.12.1.16.
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Kloosterman, Ate, Anna Mapes, Zeno Geradts, et al. "The interface between forensic science and technology: how technology could cause a paradigm shift in the role of forensic institutes in the criminal justice system." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1674 (2015): 20140264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0264.
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In this paper, the importance of modern technology in forensic investigations is discussed. Recent technological developments are creating new possibilities to perform robust scientific measurements and studies outside the controlled laboratory environment. The benefits of real-time, on-site forensic investigations are manifold and such technology has the potential to strongly increase the speed and efficacy of the criminal justice system. However, such benefits are only realized when quality can be guaranteed at all times and findings can be used as forensic evidence in court. At the Netherlands Forensic Institute, innovation efforts are currently undertaken to develop integrated forensic platform solutions that allow for the forensic investigation of human biological traces, the chemical identification of illicit drugs and the study of large amounts of digital evidence. These platforms enable field investigations, yield robust and validated evidence and allow for forensic intelligence and targeted use of expert capacity at the forensic institutes. This technological revolution in forensic science could ultimately lead to a paradigm shift in which a new role of the forensic expert emerges as developer and custodian of integrated forensic platforms.
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Aboutara, M., K. Püschel, and B. Wulff. "Communication skills of doctors in German forensic medicine institutes." Rechtsmedizin 25, no. 2 (2015): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00194-015-0013-x.
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Kliuiev, О. М. "ABOUT INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF FORENSIC SCIENCE." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 18 (December 26, 2018): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2018.17.
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This article outlines general trends of international cooperation development in the field of forensic expert activity and positive experience for use in the practice of Ukrainian forensic science institutes activity. Also the main principles for international cooperation are universal and fixed in the Charter of the United Nations Organization and in the Declaration on the Principles of International Law, namely: principle of need for mutual cooperation between states, principle of sovereign equality of states; principle of faithful fulfillment of obligations according to requirements of international law; principle of respect of human rights and common freedoms are considered. Main attention is paid to the fact that results of the analysis of the state and dynamics of international cooperation in the field of forensic science demonstrate that currently main trends in various field have been formed, namely: organization of international forensic expert cooperation; scientific, methodological and technical support of forensic expert activity and provided them with a description. Author emphasis paid special attention to fact that the requirement for recognizing results of research at the international level is becoming relevant today. Consequently, any laboratory should meet requirements of international standards for the international recognition of the results of measuring activities. According to requirements of network of forensic institutes all laboratories of the European Community should be accredited according to international standard МСО 17025 (МСО 9001). Further strict adherence to this provision will allow the effective realization of cooperation elements while performing comprehensive many object examinations, increasing dynamics of methodological development through the differentiation of research results, organizing a wide exchange of information (in particular, information and reference arrays of samples) on a single methodological basis.Author concluded that introduction of international standards in activity of Ukrainian forensic science institutes is an urgent issue and the key to the recognition of Ukrainian forensic expert conclusions at the international level.
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Agapova, O. V. "Educational Activities of Research Institutions in the Field of Expert Ensuring of Justice: Urgent Issues of Administrative and Legal Regulation." Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 85, no. 2 (2019): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2019.2.05.
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The purpose of the article is to study actual issues of administrative and legal regulation of providing educational activities to research institutions in the sphere of expert ensuring justice. It is devoted to the clarification of certain issues of the activity of research institutes of forensic examinations, which provide educational activities at the third (educational-scientific) level of higher education (preparation of applicants for higher education of the degree of doctor of philosophy). The modern administrative legislation is analysed and the proposals are given for improving educational activities, which affects the development of expert ensuring of justice in general.
 Studying of various scientific works on the problems of administrative and legal regulation of higher education institutions and scientific institutions during the training of highly qualified personnel (doctors of philosophy) allowed the author to form his own position regarding the educational activities of research institutes in the sphere of expert ensuring justice. The author focuses on the existing shortcomings and gaps in the administrative and legal regulation of the activities of research institutions, in particular, the issues related to the organization of the postgraduate departments’ departments and the problem of introducing information into the General Pablic Electronic Base on Questions of Education.
 It is emphasized the special legal nature of the Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Kharkiv Research Institute of Forensic Examinations, who, besides forensic, scientific, scientific and technical, scientific and organizational activity, is attracted to the implementation of educational activities, which directly affects the development in the field of expert ensuring justice. The educational activity of Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Kharkiv Research Institute of Forensic Examinations in the field of higher education is considered as an additional type of activity of the scientific institution.
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Suter, Keith D. "Australian peace institutes." Medicine and War 4, no. 4 (1988): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07488008808408826.
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CORRADI, Luciene Menrique, Denise Vieira TRAVASSOS, Sylvia Cury COSTE, Rosa Núbia Vieira de MOURA, and Efigênia Ferreira e. FERREIRA. "Identifying missing people: the contribution of forensic dentistry and DNA." Revista de Odontologia da UNESP 46, no. 6 (2017): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.02817.
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Abstract Introduction Human identification is considered one of the major steps concerning missing people. The Forensic Anthropology Sector of Legal Medical Institutes identifies corpses. Forensic dentistry and DNA tests stand out among the existing standard tests. Objective This article aimed to evaluate human identification effectiveness through forensic dental examination performed in the forensic anthropology sector in a Forensic Medical Institute, comparing them with DNA analyses. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data available in the department´s database, from 2008 to 2014, concerning identification procedures using forensic dentistry and DNA techniques. Result The analysis of the examinations eligible to this study (241) showed that DNA analysis was the method used for identification in 79.3% of the cases and forensic dental examinations were used in 20.7% of the cases. As for the type of biological material used during these examinations, unidentified corpses corresponded to 131 cases (53.9%), skeleton structures corresponded to 109 cases (44.9%) and there were 3 cases of body segments (1.2%). When analyzing the time spent to complete the tests, dental examinations were faster than DNA tests. The time spent for forensic dental examination does not depend on the type of dental documentation evaluated. Conclusion The analysis of the results in this study showed that human identification through forensic dentistry is effective, rapid and less costly, contributing to greater agility in solving issues related to locating missing people.
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S. Satti, Rabail, and Fakeeha Jafari. "Reviewing Existing Forensic Models to Propose a Cyber Forensic Investigation Process Model for Higher Educational Institutes." International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security 7, no. 5 (2015): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijcnis.2015.05.03.
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Govorina, N. V., S. A. Kuz’min, and A. I. Usov. "Main Activities of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes at the Present Stage." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 14, no. 1 (2019): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2019-14-1-116-120.
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The article provides an outline of key events involving the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes. A key aspect of ENFSI activities is participation in the implementation of the European Union Council plan to create an integrated European Forensic Science Area 2020. This work is based on the EU system of direct grants, usually issued for a two-year period. A number of batch themed grants is discussed. The results of the Board, Standing Committee and Working Group activities, as well as scientifc projects coordinated by the ENFSI are presented. The interaction of ENFSI with external partners, primarily with members of the International Forensic Strategic Alliance uniting all major expert networks is briefly analyzed.
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Rusetskyi, A. A. "ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION OF FORENSIC-EXPERT ACTIVITY: THE INTERNATIONAL ASPECT." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 17 (November 29, 2017): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2017.19.
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Issues of international cooperation in the field offorensic expert activity are always relevant both for judicial power in general and for itself. The importance of such cooperation has increased in connection with the reform of political, economic, social and law enforcement systems in Ukraine. The main reasons for the need of international forensic- expert cooperation are the integration and globalization of international scientific relations and the implementation of its results in its own legislative and other bases. The issues of international forensic-expert cooperation have found their reflection in the international treaties in the field of expert activity with European countries, countries of the near and far east. These agreements define the procedure for calling experts abroad, give guarantees for the protection of experts, provide the right of the expert to reimburse travel and stay costs, as well as the right to payfor the work done. An urgent issue of international cooperation of Ukrainian expert institutions in the field of forensic expert activity is the entrance to the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI). Since 2002, the State Research Expert-criminalistic Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is a full member of ENFSI. To date, two expert institutions of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine are members of the ENFSI - it’s the Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Kharkiv Research Institute of Forensic Examinations and Kiyiv Research Institute of Forensic Examinations. International cooperation in the field of forensic-expert activity in Ukraine is a dynamically developing system that meets the interests of not only forensic experts, but also all the subjects ofpublic and political life. Integration of international standards into the nationalforensic- expert activity is conditioned by the development of innovative expert methods and techniques, which, in their turn, enhance the prestige and professionalism of Ukrainian expert institutions.
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Bitzer, Sonja. "Forensic case coordination in Europe — Their role within 5 European institutes." Forensic Science International 300 (July 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.04.016.
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Kumari Tiwari, Reshma, and Jasojit Debnath. "Forensic accounting: a blend of knowledge." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 25, no. 1 (2017): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-05-2016-0043.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an insight into the skill sets that forensic accounting practitioners need to possess to succeed in the practice of forensic accounting. Design/methodology/approach The present paper is based on a literature review. Findings Forensic accounting education is multi-disciplinary. It encompasses auditing, accounting, statistics, information technology (IT), legal rules and human skills. It is similar to auditing, yet different. Hands-on statistical tools act like an additional equipment for quick delivery of the output when data are large. Proficiency in using IT tools is a must to detect cybercrimes. Human skills are gaining importance because of social engineering attacks. Forensic accountants must be acquainted and updated with the relevant laws. Various investigative skills and knowledge are also essential in forensic accounting. Practical implications Forensic accounting education can be developed as a separate discipline for proper regulation of forensic accounting profession. In that case, the need for development of separate forensic accounting standards may arise. This issue needs to be dwelt upon by the academia and professional bodies. Originality/value The paper will enable the universities/institutes to design the appropriate curricula, assigning due consideration to the required knowledge and skill sets in forensic accounting education.
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Schwartz-Marín, Ernesto, Peter Wade, Arely Cruz-Santiago, and Roosbelinda Cárdenas. "Colombian forensic genetics as a form of public science: The role of race, nation and common sense in the stabilization of DNA populations." Social Studies of Science 45, no. 6 (2015): 862–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312715574158.
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This article examines the role that vernacular notions of racialized-regional difference play in the constitution and stabilization of DNA populations in Colombian forensic science, in what we frame as a process of public science. In public science, the imaginations of the scientific world and common-sense public knowledge are integral to the production and circulation of science itself. We explore the origins and circulation of a scientific object – ‘La Tabla’, published in Paredes et al. and used in genetic forensic identification procedures – among genetic research institutes, forensic genetics laboratories and courtrooms in Bogotá. We unveil the double life of this central object of forensic genetics. On the one hand, La Tabla enjoys an indisputable public place in the processing of forensic genetic evidence in Colombia (paternity cases, identification of bodies, etc.). On the other hand, the relations it establishes between ‘race’, geography and genetics are questioned among population geneticists in Colombia. Although forensic technicians are aware of the disputes among population geneticists, they use and endorse the relations established between genetics, ‘race’ and geography because these fit with common-sense notions of visible bodily difference and the regionalization of race in the Colombian nation.
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Utpal Kumar Biswas, Mohammad Ahad Hossain, K. M. Moinuddin, and Nashid Tabassum Khan. "Virtopsy: New Dimension in the Field of Forensic Medicine communities." Z H Sikder Women’s Medical College Journal 3, Number 1 (2021): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47648/zhswmcj.2021.v0301.07.
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Forensic medicine aims for the documentation of medical and other forensic findings in living and deceased persons, for the police and the judiciary system. An Autopsy is a highly surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse to determine the cause and manner of death to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present. Though in other branches of the specialty, newer techniques are part of daily routine, in autopsy, the same century old techniques are still being used. Virtopsy is one step ahead in this field which literally means virtual autopsy. New methods like 3D-surface scanning and modern radiological procedures like computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are becoming more and more part of scientific research in forensic sciences and are today part of the routine work flow in a some institutes of legal medicine. This paper is aimed to discuss a few points in the field of Virtopsy.
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Yusupov, V. V. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN FORENSIC MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE ХХ CENTURY". Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 17 (29 листопада 2017): 446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2017.56.
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The issue of development of forensic institutions of Ukraine in the ХХ century was studied. Until 1917, forensic medical examinations were conducted in the medical compartments of the provincial administrations, at the departments of forensic medicine of universities and in hospitals - by police doctors. The chairs of forensic medicine existed in the St. Vladimir Kyiv University, Kharkiv, Novorosiisk and Lviv Universities. Real organization of Ukrainian forensic medical institutions began in 1919 with the creation of the Medical Examination Department at the People’s Commissariat of Health. In 1923, the Main forensic medical inspection, headed by M. S. Bokarius, was founded. In the provinces the positions of forensic medical inspectors were created. In 1927 the sections of biological research were established in the Kharkiv, Kyiv and Odesa institutes of scientific andforensic expertise,where separate forensic examinations were conducted. In 1949 the institutions of forensic medical examination of the USSR were merged into the Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, in Ukraine it was held in 1951. It was proved that forensic medical institutions developed at the following chronological stages: 1) until 1917 - forensic medical service in the Ministry of Internal Affairs; 2) 1917-1941 - prewar formation of forensic medical institutions; 3) 1941-1949 -forensic medical institutions during the war and in the first post-war years; 4) 1949-1990s - period of development of the bureau of forensic medical examinations of the countries of the USSR; 5) since the 1990s - development of expert institutions in the public health care system in independent postSoviet states. It’s stressed that formation of the forensic institutions in Ukraine is closely related with the development of forensic medicine departments of higher educational establishments. Forensic medicine departments were the basisfor practicalforensic medicine, professors provided daily assistance to forensic medical experts.
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Fereday, M. J., and I. Kopp. "European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI) and its quality and competence assurance efforts." Science & Justice 43, no. 2 (2003): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1355-0306(03)71750-x.
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Bebeshko, G. I., G. G. Omel’yanyuk, and A. I. Usov. "The role and significance of the likelihood ratio concept in assessment and interpretation of the results of forensic activities." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 84, no. 6 (2018): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2018-84-6-70-76.
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A brief review on using the Bayesian concept of the likelihood ratio (LR) in forensic activities is presented. It is proved that the use of the likelihood ratio provides assessing the measure of uncertainty regarding the truth or falsity of the assumption of expertise when taking into account a priori chances and new information appearing in the course of expert research. A possible simulation experiment is presented as an example to calculate a set of the likelihood ratio values from the validation database for forensic examination of sound recordings. Different approaches of using the likelihood ratio in assessing the trueness of the judicial evidence are considered. The concept of the likelihood ratio has been adopted as the standard procedure for different types of examinations used in the laboratory practice, including that of the European network of forensic institutes (ENFSI).
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Usov, A. I., O. B. Gradusova, and S. A. Kuz’min. "The Use of Probabilistic and Statistical Methods to Test the Significance of Scientific Evidence: Comparative Analysis of Current Forensic Practices in Russia and Abroad." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 13, no. 4 (2018): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2018-13-4-6-15.
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The article addresses the problem of developing scientifically sound approaches and quantitative criteria for assessing reliability of expert evidence that take into account the contextual information contained in case materials and are based on likelihood ratios. The evolution of the system of views on this problem in forensic science theory in Russia and abroad is considered, and the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes Guideline for Evaluative Reporting in Forensic Science is analyzed. The Guideline was published in 2015. This manual is a practical tool for experts assessing the evidentiary value of their conclusions resulting from specific types of forensic examination. It also sets out recommendations on how to present the results of such an assessment in the format of the so-called “evaluative report”. The starting point of the comparative analysis is the problem of how the legal system and its subjects interpret the results reported by an expert witness, as well as any other forensic evidence expressed in probabilistic terms. At present the probabilistic way of describing uncertainties, originating in the natural sciences, is firmly established in criminalistics and forensic science. A clear position that has formed in the context of the Russian legislation, theory and practice of forensic expertise is to interpret probability as synonymous with assumption. In the foreign forensic science community the fate of probabilities was different. The authors emphasize the practical value of further improving the tools for assessing the reliability of examination results in the forensic sciences and related areas.
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Baryah, Neha, Kewal Krishan, and Tanuj Kanchan. "The development and status of forensic anthropology in India: A review of the literature and future directions." Medicine, Science and the Law 59, no. 1 (2019): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802418824834.
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Forensic anthropology deals with the identification of human remains in a legal setting. The primary role of a forensic anthropologist is to evaluate human skeletal remains and ascertain the biological profile of the deceased. Forensic anthropologists thus use their expertise to assist medical examiners, as well as law enforcement agencies. Forensic anthropology was not recognised as a subject specialty of much significance in most parts of the world for a long time. However, now its status has changed, mostly in the USA and parts of Europe. The scope of the subject ranges from evaluation of human skeletal remains to the identification of the living. In the new millennium, the role of forensic anthropologists includes disaster victim identification, photographic superimposition, facial image reconstruction in CCTV footage, gait pattern analysis from video surveillance, ascertaining the age of an individual in absence of legal documents and paedo-pornographic materials. Despite its relevance in human identification, the development of forensic anthropology in India is not very encouraging. Only a few institutions in India include forensic anthropology as a part of the forensic science degree programme, and there are no certified courses in anthropology either. Likewise, there are limited employment opportunities for forensic anthropologists in medical institutes/organisations/universities. This comprehensive review focuses on the status and development of forensic anthropology in India and emphasises the need for its recognition as a specialty of significance. The article also throws light on the comparison of its status in the Indian context vis a vis developed nations.
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Riadi, Imam, Sunardi Sunardi, and Sahiruddin Sahiruddin. "Analisis Forensik Recovery pada Smartphone Android Menggunakan Metode National Institute Of Justice (NIJ)." Jurnal Rekayasa Teknologi Informasi (JURTI) 3, no. 1 (2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jurti.v3i1.2292.
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keberadaan smartphone saat ini dianggap sangat membantu aktifitas manusia dalam melakukan pekerjaan sehari- hari. Berkembangnya fitur-fitur yang ada pada smartphone memudahkan para penggunanya beraktifitas seperti melakukan pekerjaan kantor, bisnis, e-banking, dan untuk berinteraksi dengan pengguna lain di media sosial. Perkembangan smartphone tidak hanya memberikan dampak positif tetapi bisa berdampak negatif ketika perkembangan tersebut dimanfaatkan untuk melakukan tindakan kejahatan. Saat ini terdapat banyak kasus penghapusan barang bukti kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh tersangka untuk mengilangkan bukti kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh seorang pelaku. Hal ini menjadi tantangan bagi forensika teknologi informasi dan penegak hukum melakukan penyelidikan secara forensik terhadap smartphone dari tersangka dalam sebuah kasus kejahatan untuk mendapatkan kembali bukti digital yang akan dijadikan sebagai barang bukti dalam sebuah persidangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tools MOBILedit Forensic, Wondershare dr. Fone for Android, dan Belkasoft Evidence Center untuk memperoleh bukti digital serta menggunakan metode National Institute of Justice (NIJ) yaitu dengan mengidentifikasi, mengusulkan solusi, melakukan uji solusi yang ditawarkan, mengevaluasi dan melaporkan hasil. Dari hasil pengujian tool forensik yang peneliti gunakan, tool MOBILedit Forensic tidak bisa mengembalikan data yang sudah dihapus, tool Wondershare dr. Fone For Android berhasil mengembalikan data kontak, log panggilan,dan pesan yang sudah dihapus, sementara tool Belkasoft Evidence Center hanya bisa mengembalikan data kontak, dan log panggilan yang sudah dihapus.
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Biedermann, Alex, Christophe Champod, and Sheila Willis. "Development of European standards for evaluative reporting in forensic science." International Journal of Evidence & Proof 21, no. 1-2 (2016): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1365712716674796.
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Criminal justice authorities of EU countries currently engage in dialogue and action to build a common area of justice and to help increase the mutual trust in judicial systems across Europe. This includes, for example, the strengthening of procedural safeguards for citizens in criminal proceedings by promoting principles such as equality of arms. Improving the smooth functioning of judicial processes is also pursued by works of expert working groups in the field of forensic science, such as the working parties under the auspices of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI). This network aims to share knowledge, exchange experiences and come to mutual agreements in matters concerning forensic science practice, among them the interpretation of results of forensic examinations. For example, through its Monopoly Programmes (financially supported by the European Commission), ENFSI has funded a series of projects that come under the general theme ‘Strengthening the Evaluation of Forensic Results across Europe’. Although these initiatives reflect a strong commitment to mutual understanding on general principles of forensic interpretation, the development of standards for evaluation and reporting, including roadmaps for implementation within the ENFSI community, are fraught with conceptual and practical hurdles. In particular, experience through consultations with forensic science practitioners shows that there is a considerable gap between the intentions of a harmonised view on principles of forensic interpretation and the way in which works towards such common understanding are perceived in the community. In this paper, we will review and discuss several recurrently raised concerns. We acknowledge practical constraints such as limited resources for training and education, but we shall also argue that addressing topics in forensic interpretation now is of vital importance because forensic science continues to be challenged by proactive participants in the legal process that tend to become more demanding and less forgiving.
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Khomumenko, O. "JUDICIAL ECONOMIC EXPERTISE AS A REGIONAL TOOL FOR MANAGING MANAGERIAL DECISIONS." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 20, no. 2 (2019): 415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2.2019.32.
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Separation of economic information of conflict situations, created by the DOJ forensic examination of the general array of economic information and study of the mechanism and the consequences of its impact on management decisions, improving the mechanisms for its creation will allow obtaining an economic effect from a positive impact on management decisions in the long run.
 Destruction of criminal schemes of interactions is a logical stage in the development of the economy on the path towards the formation of a quality economy of the region. Therefore, it is logical to have the tools that provide this process. Forensic economic expertise, the author is considered as a modern form of one of the tools that participates in a complex of actions to destroy the forms of undesirable economic systems, creating a "chaos" as a prerequisite for the creation of new ones. At the same time, the formation of these prerequisites does not guarantee the fundamental quality of the new systems of economic interactions. Thus, the process of forming a high-quality economy should be aimed not only at the elimination of the consequences of administrative decisions that are undesirable for the economy of the region, not only for the formation of a "fear" to be punished for it, but also for the formation of prerequisites for the acceptance by managers at the micro level of decisions that will provide a positive direction of economic development of the region as a whole.
 The activity of a separate research institute of forensic examinations of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine has a regional status, regional closure and regional effectiveness, that is, we deal with the object, above all, the regional level of integrity and manageability. At the same time, all research institutes of forensic examinations of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine work on the same principles and use the same methods of conducting forensic examinations included in the register of certified expert methods.
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Cherepenko, G. V. "Typical Mistakes in Forensic Handwriting Analysis of Copies of Handwritten Entries." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 14, no. 1 (2019): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2019-14-1-97-105.
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The growing volume of forensic handwriting examinations of handwritten requisites copies entails the need to determine the range of the most typical mistakes made by experts in examination of these objects. The article gives examples of the most common mistakes in expert reports, the origin of some is analyzed. The system of internal and external forms of peer review of the ENFSI (The European Network of Forensic Science Institutes) experts’ conclusions is reviewed. To avoid most of mistakes described in the article the author proposes to follow relevant methodological references, to pay close attention to the quality of the examined object, to adhere strictly to all intermediate stages of examination. Also, to use internal and external peer review of conclusions as a form of control more effectively. The information contained in the article can be of practical interest when both reviewing conclusions in state expert institutions and preparing a value judgement regarding an expert/specialist conclusion.
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Olkhov, V. "ESTABLISHMENT OF CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMPROPER ARRANGEMENT OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT FACILITIES AND TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS OCCURRENCE." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 21, no. 1 (2020): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2020_30.
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The daunting issues arising at experts and forensic bodies when appointing and conducting comprehensive road and pavement forensic investigation and road accident analysis (forensic expert examination) are considered. Types of traffic accidents provided by the statistics of the Department of Patrol Police of Ukraine are analyzed. A number of road accidents with victims committed in conditions of the road and settlements streets unsatisfactory state is defined.
 
 More and more judicial and investigative bodies turn to forensic science institutes, in particular to KhRIFE, in order to determine whether the improper design of the road network affected the occurrence of an accident. In other words, the questions not only on the establishment of improper design of the road section where the accident occurred, but also on the existence of cause and effect relationship between the identified discrepancies and the accident are advanced for examination. The study of the above issues belongs to the forensic specialty 10.16 Road and Pavement Forensic Investigation. The demand for forensic research of improper design of the road network and the causes of accidents are constantly growing. At the same time, the practice of conducting road and pavement forensic investigation, namely the analysis of the materials provided for the study, shows that most criminal proceedings are investigated both while pre-trial investigation and in court for violation of traffic safety rules or transport operation by persons who drive vehicles. In the statistical report of the Department of Patrol Police of Ukraine, the data of road accidents are not classified as those that arose due to improper condition of roads and streets of settlements, and when conducting road and pavement forensic investigation it is established that improper design of the road network is in cause and effect relationship with the occurrence of an accident from a technical point of view.
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Shoro, Suman, Falak Murad Shah Syed, and Scheila Mânica. "Awareness and importance of forensic odontology amongst faculty members and students of dental institutes in Pakistan." Forensic Science International: Reports 2 (December 2020): 100116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsir.2020.100116.
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Giacomazzi, Andrew L., and David C. Brody. "The effectiveness of external assessments in facilitating organizational change in law enforcement." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 27, no. 1 (2004): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13639510410519903.
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Police departments across the USA have been challenged in their efforts toward broad implementation of community policing. This paper examines the level of change at five law enforcement agencies in the western USA. The changes at these agencies were precipitated by an independent, external, on‐site assessment of each department conducted by the Western Regional Institute for Community Oriented Public Safety (WRICOPS), one of 28 regional community policing institutes funded by the US Department of Justice's COPS Office. The nature of the on‐site assessment is discussed, along with reasons as to why the process tends to promote rather significant organizational changes in some law enforcement agencies, but only cursory changes in others.
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Bebeshko, G. I., I. P. Lyubetskaya, G. G. Omel’yanyuk, and A. I. Usov. "Methodological approaches to calculation of the main validation parameters of forensic techniques." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 86, no. 4 (2020): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2020-86-4-66-74.
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Validation of the forensic methods (FM) is one of the main procedures for the standardization of forensic activities used to verify the reliability of the obtained results of the studies. This procedure is widely adopted in the organizations of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI), which also includes the Russian Federal Centre of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation (RFCFS). Two types of FM can be distinguished in metrological aspects: forensic method of measurements (FMM) and forensic methods of testing (FMT). We have shown earlier that unlike the developed methodological approaches to the FMM validation which gained practical application in the RFCFS laboratories, the FMT validation procedures give rise to many questions which are widely discussed in the scientific literature. The most significant difficulties in FM validation are attributed to selection of the validation parameters, development of the validation experiment and performance of statistical calculations. We propose methodological approaches to the statistical assessment of the FMM and FMT parameters to be used in practice of forensic experts. Moreover, we present a number of recommendations on the validation procedure, list of the validation parameters, and consider specific schemes of the experiments to be used for assessing of the quality indicators of FMM and FMT. The results of multiple determination of the controlled index in the referenced samples and standard additives are presented to assess the suitability of the FMM using common formulas for calculation of the statistical parameters. Case study of the FMT validation procedure «Microscopic Examination of Textile Fibers» is considered. The expediency of using probabilistic estimate of the share of false test results, as well as calculation of the likelihood ratio in assessing the reliability of forensic methods of testing and competence of the experts is demonstrated.
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Nasrulloh, Imam Mahfudl, Sunardi Sunardi, and Imam Riadi. "Analisis Forensik Solid State Drive (SSD) Menggunakan Framework Rapid Response." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 6, no. 5 (2019): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2019651516.
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<p class="Abstrak">Teknologi komputer pada empat tahun terahir ini mengalami perkembangan yang pesat. Bersamaan dengan itu juga berdampak negatif salah satunya adalah berupa kejahatan komputer. Kejahatan komputer akan meninggalkan jejak aktivitas kejahatan, maka perlu dilakukan analisa dengan ilmu dan metode forensik untuk mendapatkan barang bukti. Bagaimana jika terjadi kejahatan komputer pada media penyimpanan komputer berjenis <em>non-volatile memory</em> dan dilakukan secara <em>live</em> forensik<em>.</em> Pada penelitian ini dilakukan proses forensik pada <em>Solid State Drive</em> <em>(SSD)</em> dengan <em>framework</em> <em>Grr Rapid Response</em> pada kasus kehilangan <em>data (lost data)</em> suatu organisasi. Langkah kerja forensik mengimplementasikan dari <em>National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST).</em><em> Framework</em> <em>Grr Rapid Response</em> digunakan untuk memberikan tanggapan terhadap insiden forensik digital yang difokuskan pada lingkungan forensik jarak jauh, <em>f</em><em>ramework</em> ini berbasis arsitektur <em>client server</em>. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan langkah kerja forensik <em>NIST</em> dapat diimplementasikan pada proses pengambilan bukti digital dengan metode akuisisi secara <em>live </em>forensik, kemampuan <em>tool</em> forensik pada proses eksaminasi <em>Grr Rapid Response</em> pada <em>Workstation (</em><em>Client Grr)</em> dengan media simpan <em>SSD</em><em>,</em> bukti digital dapat ditemukan dan dikembalikan. Bukti digital yang dapat dikembalikan berupa <em>file</em> dokumen, dan hasil validasi pada bukti digital tersebut memiliki nilai <em>hash</em> yang sama dari dua algoritma validasi bukti digital yang diimplementasikan, MD5 dan SHA-1. Sehingga hasil integritas dari dokumen tersebut menunjukkan bahwa bukti digital tersebut identik.</p><p class="Abstrak"> </p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Computer technology in the last four years has experienced rapid development. At the same time, it also has a negative impact, one of which is a computer crime. Computer crime will leave traces of criminal activity, so it is necessary to analyze with forensic science and methods to obtain evidence. What if there is a computer crime on a computer storage medium of a type of non-volatile memory and carried out live forensics In this study a forensic process on Solid State Drive (SSD) was carried out with the Grr Rapid Response framework for lost data in an organization. The forensic work step is implemented from the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST). The Grr Rapid Response Framework is used to provide responses to incidents of digital forensics focused on remote forensic environments, this framework is based on a client server architecture. The results of this study indicate that NIST's forensic work steps can be implemented in the process of taking digital evidence with live forensic acquisition methods, the ability of forensic tools in the Grr Rapid Response examination process on Workstations (Client Grr) with SSD storage media, digital evidence can be found and returned. Digital evidence that can be returned is a document file, and the results of the validation of digital evidence have the same hash value from the two digital proof validation algorithms implemented, MD5 and SHA-1. So the results of the integrity of the document so that the digital evidence is identical.</em></p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong><br /></strong></em></p>
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Smirnova, S. A., A. I. Usov, N. V. Govorina, and S. A. Kuz’min. "The Role of the Council of Europe in the International Cooperation between Russian and European Forensic Organizations." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 16, no. 1 (2021): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2021-1-59-68.
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The globalization processes in Europe have allowed international crime to become more global and diversified. The appliance of various forms of forensic knowledge and expertise plays an essential role in current judicial proceedings. Among multiple European cooperation formats, the Council of Europe holds a special place as an international organization that promotes cooperation among its members in standards of the rule of law, human rights, democratic development, and cultural interaction. The year 2021 marks a quarter of a century since the Russian Federation’s participation in the Council of Europe. The authors perceive this date’s significance through the interaction of Russian and European forensic organizations within the framework of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI). It was Russia’s membership in the Council of Europe that allowed the lead forensic institutions of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs and Ministry of Justice to join ENFSI and actively participate in its work for many years. The article observes the chronology of the key ENFSI events highlighting its evolvement as the lead pan-European forensic expert organization, the basic principles of which were predetermined by the Council of Europe. As an illustrative example of previous cooperation in solving challenging expert problems is proposed the international program initiated by the Russian party and implemented by ENFSI in 2005–2008 to validate complex methods to identify the products containing platinum group metals produced by mining and metallurgical companies. Subsequently, the consolidated position of European and Russian forensic experts at the St. Petersburg International Legal Forum venue in 2013–2015 served as a powerful impetus for practical development of standardization and accreditation issues in forensic science in Russia. Current problematics of cooperation is mainly devoted to the issues of ensuring the quality of forensic examination, reliability of its conclusions, consolidation of expert databases. The authors also note some interaction problems between forensic organizations resulting from different legal systems, cultural traditions, and scientific schools.
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Popovich, E. "UNITY OF SCIENCE AND PRACTICE IN LEGAL EXPERTISE." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 19, no. 1 (2019): 158–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2019.12.
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The formation of Ukraine as a rule of law state, the improvement of the legal regulation of the use of special knowledge in order to properly and efficiently protect the rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities and the state, eliminating the inconsistency of the provisions of the law regarding examination, objectively require an analysis of the current state of science and practice in forensic science activity. Forensic science covers a considerable number of scientific disciplines and actual problems of teaching expert science. The scientific article proposes to use the scientific potential of expert institutes, educational institutions and research institutions engaged in applied research. Cooperation between institutions involved in expert research, due to their scientific achievements and methodological developments, can increase professional ability in the investigation of certain categories of crimes, and will also contribute to the integration of forensic activities and will lead to the harmonization and improvement of national legislation, theoretical foundations of forensic activities, international recognition of its individual components and, in general, will increase professional masters of experts. Ways to improve the professional education of future judicial experts are analyzed. In this paper, the ideas for solving the urgent problem of unity and interaction of education, science and practice have been expressed, and hopefully they will be taken into account.
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Charles, Nenyiaba Ile, and Okoye Emma I. "Evaluation of Key Determinants of Fraud Free Financial Report: a Focus on Nigeria." Business and Management Studies 1, no. 2 (2015): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v1i2.819.
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The study evaluated the key determinants of fraud free financial reports. Descriptive research design was used. Two null hypotheses were tested using Z-test for proportion, F statistics and Microsoft excel 2010 toolpak. The study revealed that there is significant relationship amongst the following variables; Accounting Standards, Corporate Governance and Internal Controls in determining Fraud Free Financial Report. Furthermore, that in Nigeria to obtain Fraud Free Financial Report emphasis was on Accounting Standards, Internal Controls and Corporate Governance in this order and, Auditor’s Independence, Whistle Blowing and Accountants’ Education received little or no attention. It also revealed that from extant literature Accounting Standards are tools for combating 25% of the eight elements in fraud management cycle while 75% of them are within the purview of Forensic accounting. Hence it recommended that forensic accounting courses should be incorporated into the curriculum of professional accounting institutes in order to equip their members with sufficient skills that would enable them effectively perform their duties as public accountants.
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Meira, L. M. R., T. M. Barbosa, J. T. Jales, A. N. Santos, and R. A. Gama. "Insects Associated to Crime Scenes in the Northeast of Brazil: Consolidation of Collaboration Between Entomologists and Criminal Investigation Institutes." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 4 (2020): 1012–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa040.
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Abstract In Brazil, many studies on Forensic Entomology analyze the activity and succession of flies in animal models. Data on human corpses are always collected and evaluated in isolated cases. This study aimed to list the insect species associated with crime scenes investigated by the Technical-Scientific Institute of criminal expertise of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (ITEP-RN), in the Northeast of Brazil, a region exposed to high homicide rates. In total, 10 cases were investigated, of which 50% were in the initial stage of decomposition. The examined bodies were colonized by species of three orders of insects, Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. The order Diptera represented 96% of the total insects, being represented by the following species: Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), and Cochliomyia macellaria, (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae); Musca domestica (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Muscidae); and unidentified females of the Sarcophagidae family. Among beetles, the occurrence of Dermestes maculatus (DeGeer) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), Necrobia rufipes (De Geer) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), and Onthophagus sp. (Scarabaeidae), as well as unidentified specimens of the families Tenebrionidae and Histeridae were recorded. In addition, specimens of Ectatomma sp. (Formicidae) were also recorded. Considering that the Rio Grande do Norte state presents a high homicide rate and the last cadaver study was conducted over a decade ago, these records update the list of species associated with cadaveric decomposition and contribute to consolidate forensic entomology in the Northeast region.
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Khrystov, Oleksandr, and Vladyslav Lipynskyi. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FORENSIC EXPERT ACTIVITY: AN ADMINISTRATIVE, CRIMINAL, CRIMINALISTIC, ECONOMIC APPROACH." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 2 (2019): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-2-242-248.
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The article is devoted to the economic and legal comparative analysis of judicial expert activities. The issues concerning the problems of quality assurance of the expert activities, harmonization and convergence of the understanding of the possibilities of judicial economic expertise in solving problems of justice, taking into account economic conditions. As a first step to creating a general theoretical development for judicial economic expertise could be the creation of a list of vocabulary of basic terms of forensic economic expertise. The legislation of Ukraine, which regulates activities of forensic experts, is as follows: the Law of Ukraine “On Forensic Examination”, “Instruction on Conducting Forensic Examination”, “Procedure for Certification and Official Registration of Forensic Examinations Procedure”, “Some Issues of Provision of Paid Services by Research Institutions on Forensic Examination of the Ministry of Justice”, “On Approval of the Instructions on Procedure and Amount of Reimbursement and Compensation to Individuals Invited by Inquiry Agencies, Pretrial Investigation Agencies, Procuracy, Courts or Authorities that Oversee Cases of Administrative Violations, and Payments to Governmental Research Institutions on Forensic Examination for Expert and Specialized Services Provided by their Employees” approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, and a set of multi-agency orders. The common features include the existence of department specialized forensic expert institutions, which are entrusted to conduct an examination as follows: specialized research institutes of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and the Ministry of Healthcare, expert services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Security Service of Ukraine, etc. Moreover, forensic examinations, which are often arranged in criminal proceedings and sometimes in administrative proceedings, can be carried out exclusively by forensic experts who are employees of such institutions. At the same time, the law provides for the possibility of carrying out forensic expert activity on a business basis, on the ground of special authorization, as well as onetime agreements, by citizens who have the qualification of a forensic expert, which is often used in administrative proceedings. Neither a judge nor any other persons, who are involved in administrative or criminal procedures, have this kind of expert knowledge. By virtue of the knowledge that is converted by forensic experts in the source of evidence, important issues of a case are resolved that would be impossible without forensic expertise. In legal science, there is an idea that expert activity, due to its specificity, is much wider than expert procedure regardless of the fact whether it is carried out in administrative or criminal procedures.
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Smirnova, S. A. "Outcomes of the 28th Annual Meeting of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI) in Bilbao (Spain)." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science, no. 3(43) (September 30, 2016): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/64/1819-2785-2016-3-94-95.
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Rodríguez, Juan Gabriel de la Cruz. "Guidelines for professional conduct in the care of child victims in institutes of legal medicine and forensic science." Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine 46, no. 1 (2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.remle.2019.11.001.
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Bintang, Rauhulloh Ayatulloh, Rusydi Umar, and Anton Yudhana. "Analisis Media Sosial Facebook Lite dengan tools Forensik menggunakan Metode NIST." Techno (Jurnal Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto) 21, no. 2 (2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/techno.v21i2.8494.
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Social Media is becoming very popular among the public today, and the increasing number of social media use has of course a good or bad impact on the course of human life, for example the bad impact is doing cyberbully or chating on social media. Digital forensics is one of the sciences for how to catch criminals in digital which will be needed in evidence in court. Social media criminals need Smartphones to commit digital cybercrime. This research will raise evidence of digital crimes on the Facebook Lite application using forensics. In this study, the forensic tool that will be used is the MOBILEedit Forensic Pro forensic tools with the help of using methods NIST National Institute Of Standars Techlogogy. NIST has a good workflow for extracting digital forensic data. The research results will be obtained in the form of accounts Id, audio, conversations, and images
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Teilum, D. "Prevalence of Gallstones at Autopsy at the Institutes of Forensic Medicine in Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1944-1985." Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 25, no. 4 (1990): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365529009095506.
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Gill, Peter, Rebecca Sparkes, Lyn Fereday, and David J. Werrett. "Report of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENSFI): formulation and testing of principles to evaluate STR multiplexes." Forensic Science International 108, no. 1 (2000): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00186-3.
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CASTRO, Talita Lima de, Rachel Lima Ribeiro TINOCO, Laíse Nascimento Correia LIMA, Luiz Renato da Silveira COSTA, Luiz FRANCESQUINI JÚNIOR, and Eduardo DARUGE JÚNIOR. "Violence against women: caracteristics of head and neck injuries." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 65, no. 2 (2017): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720170002000013245.
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ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of aggression in head and neck regions suffered by women who are victims of gender violence, and to analyze the variation in the number of cases before and after the enactment of the Maria da Penha Law. Methods: A survey was conducted on the records of examinations of personal injury made in the Department of Forensic Medicine in Vitória, in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. The study included women victims of bodily injury, referred as a result of domestic, family or conjugal violence, aged between 11 and 80. Results: The number of cases analyzed in this study exhibited an oscillation during the years studied. The results reveal that female victims are, in most cases, young, aged between 20 and 30, single and do not work outside the home. The victim’s husband or partner was the main offender, mostly using parts of the body, like the hands and feet, as the means of aggression. The most frequent craniofacial injuries were ecchymosis and abrasions, more often in orbital, cervical and frontal regions. Conclusions: The characteristics related to violence against women obtained through this study are of great importance and should be highlighted and publicized, to encourage implementation of public policies and practical actions of acceptance and recognition of such violence, including the insertion of the Forensic Dentist on the staff of experts in all Institutes of Forensic Medicine in the country.
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Anshori, Ikhwan, Khairina Eka Setya Putri, and Umar Ghoni. "Analisis Barang Bukti Digital Aplikasi Facebook Messenger Pada Smartphone Android Menggunakan Metode NIJ." IT Journal Research and Development 5, no. 2 (2020): 118–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/itjrd.2021.vol5(2).4664.
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Facebook Messenger menjadi media sosial yang popular di tahun 2019 dan angkat sangat pesat perkembangannya dari tahun ke tahun. Meningkatnya jumlah pengguna Facebook Messenger tentu membawa dampak positif dan negatif, salah satu efek negatifnya adalah digunakan untuk tindak kejahatan digital seperti perdagangan narkoba. Cara menangkap para pelaku kejahatan digital maka diperlukan barang bukti pada persidangan. Salah satu ilmu untuk medapatkan barang bukti digital adalah melakukan forensik digital. Forensik digital dapat dilakukan pada smartphone yang digunakan para pelaku kejahatan. Penelitian ini akan melakukan pengangkatan barang bukti kejahatan digital sebanyak mungkin dari facebook Messenger pada smartphone Android. Pada penelitian ini tool yang kami gunakan adalah Oxygen Forensic dengan menggunakan metode National Institute Of Justice (NIJ). Penelitian ini mengacu pada proses investigasi yang digunakan metode National Institute Of Justice (NIJ). Metode ini merekomendasikan sebuah tahapan dasar dalam proses forensik, yaitu persiapan, koleksi, pemeriksaan, analisis dan pelaporan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berdasarkan pedoman forensik perangkat mobile yang dibuat oleh National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
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Hani Roslee, Nurul Adhlina, and Nurul Hidayah Bt Ab Rahman. "A Visualization Approach to Analyze Android Smartphone Data." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 2, no. 3-2 (2018): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.2.3-2.137.
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This study aims to design and develop an interactive system that can visualize evidence collected from Android smartphone data. This project is developing to support forensic investigator in investigating the security incidents particularly involving Android smartphone forensic data. The used of smartphone in crime was widely recognized. Several types of personnel information are stored in their smartphones. When the investigator analyses the image data of the smartphone, the investigator can know the behaviour of the smartphone’s owner and his social relationship with other people. The analysis of smartphone forensic data is cover in mobile device forensic. Mobile device forensics is a branch of digital forensics relating to recovery of digital evidence from a mobile device under forensically sound condition. The digital investigation model used in this project is the model proposed by United States National Institute of Justice (NIJ) which consists four phases, which are collection phase, examination phase, analysis phase and presentation phase. This project related with analysis phase and presentation phase only. This paper introduces Visroid, a new tool that provides a suite of visualization for Android smartphone data.
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Ardiningtias, Syifa Riski Ardiningtias, Sunardi Sunardi, and Herman Herman. "INVESTIGASI DIGITAL PADA FACEBOOK MESSENGER MENGGUNAKAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF JUSTICE." Jurnal Informatika Polinema 7, no. 4 (2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jip.v7i4.709.
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Perkembangan teknologi memudahkan masyarakat dalam berbagi informasi dan berkomunikasi. Facebook Messenger merupakan salah satu instant messanger yang memiliki kelebihan multi-platform yang dapat digunakan oleh pengguna dalam pengiriman pesan teks, gambar, pesan suara, dan video. Selain digunakan sebagai hal untuk kegiatan positif, namun fasilitas dalam teknologi ini juga dapat digunakan untuk melakukan kegiatan negatif. Penelitian ini melakukan investigasi forensik pada simulasi adanya tindakan kejahatan dalam penyebaran konten pornografi menggunakan Facebook Messenger sebagai media komunikasi pada smartphone Android. Pelaku berkomunikasi dan mengirimkan konten pornografi berupa percakapan, audio, dan video kepada pengguna dan kemudian menghapusnya dengan tujuan menghilangkan jejak. Namun, setiap tindak kejahatan dapat meninggalkan barang bukti sehingga selama menyelesaikan masalah ini perlu melakukan investigasi forensik digital. Perangkat berupa smartphone yang dapat digunakan selama objek untuk menemukan bukti digital. Pengangkatan barang bukti dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tools forensik MOBILEdit Forensics dan Wondershare Dr. fone dengan menggunakan kerangka kerja National Institute of Justice (NIJ). Penelitian ini dengan hasilnya kemudian dapat digunakan sebagai bukti oleh investigator atau penyidik dalam menangani sebuah kasus kejahatan dengan hasil yang didapatkan berupa versi aplikasi, akun, email, percakapan, waktu kejadian, gambar, audio, dan video. MobilEdit Forensics memiliki kelebihan dalam mendapatkan barang bukti sebesar 85,71% dibanding Wondershare Dr. fone yang hanya mendapatkan barang bukti hanya 28,57%.
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Paner, G. "A single-institution review of the national institutes of health recommendation for prognostication of gastrointestinal stromal tumors." Human Pathology 34, no. 5 (2003): 512–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0046-8177(03)00083-2.
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Kroz, M. V., and N. A. Ratinova. "History and Current State of Forensic Analysis of Extremist Materials." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science, no. 3(43) (September 30, 2016): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/64/1819-2785-2016-3-146-154.
Full textAbstract:
The paper looks at the history and current state of forensic analysis of the content and intentionality of contentious (extremist) materials. It discusses different approaches based in linguistics, psychology, and social sciences/humanities, as well as issues relating to integrated forensic psycholinguistic analysis. Techniques and methodological recommendations described in the paper were developed by the experts of the Research Institute for Law and Order of the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation, various national forensic organizations, such as the Russian Federal Center of Forensic Science of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, the Forensic Science Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, forensic divisions of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, and members of the scientific community. Generic methodologies (linguistic and psycholinguistic) proposed by government agency specialists for the forensic evaluation of extremism manifestations are discussed, including the level of methodological sophistication, and the problem of methodological harmonization in this field of forensics.
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McNair, Katelyn T., Heidi Collins Fantasia, and Allyssa L. Harris. "Sexual Misconduct Policies at Institutes of Higher Education." Journal of Forensic Nursing 14, no. 4 (2018): 238–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jfn.0000000000000216.
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