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Journal articles on the topic 'Forest ecology Cameroon'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Fotang, Chefor, Udo Bröring, Christian Roos, Evidence Chinedu Enoguanbhor, Ekwoge E. Abwe, Paul Dutton, Peter Schierack, Tsi Evaristus Angwafo, and Klaus Birkhofer. "Human Activity and Forest Degradation Threaten Populations of the Nigeria–Cameroon Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) in Western Cameroon." International Journal of Primatology 42, no. 1 (February 2021): 105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10764-020-00191-2.

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AbstractIncreased human activities such as commodity-led deforestation, extension of agriculture, urbanization, and wildfires are major drivers of forest loss worldwide. In Cameroon, these activities cause a loss of suitable primate habitat and could ultimately threaten the survival of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). We derived independent estimates of the population size of the Endangered Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) in Kom-Wum Forest Reserve, Cameroon, and surrounding unprotected forest areas through 1) direct observations, 2) camera trapping, 3) distance sampling, 4) marked nest counts, and 5) standing crop nest counts. In addition, we georeferenced signs of chimpanzee and human activity along line transects. We used a generalized linear mixed model to predict the occurrence of chimpanzees in response to edge length (measured as the perimeter of core forest patches), core area of forest patches (measured as area of forest patches beyond an edge width of 100 m), habitat perforation (measured as the perimeter of nonforested landscape within core forest patches), patch size(measured as area of forest patches), and forest cover. Chimpanzee density estimates ranged from 0.1 (direct observation) to 0.9 (distance sampling) individuals km−2 depending on estimation method with a mean nest group size of 7 ± 5.4 (SD). The mean encounter rate for signs of chimpanzee activity was significantly higher in mature forests (2.3 signs km−1) than in secondary forests (0.3 signs km−1) and above 1000 m elevation (4.0 signs km−1) than below 1000 m (1.0 signs km−1). The mean encounter rate for signs of human activity was significantly higher in secondary (8.0 signs km−1) than in mature forests (0.9 signs km−1). Secondary forests, habitat perforation, and edge length had a significant negative effect on the occurrence of chimpanzee signs. Overall, human activity and forest degradation affected the number of observed chimpanzee signs negatively. Regular antipoaching patrols and reforestation programs in degraded areas could potentially reduce threats to populations of endangered species and may increase suitable habitat area.

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2

Rodewald, Paul G., Pierre-André Dejaifve, and Arthur A. Green. "The birds of Korup National Park and Korup Project Area, Southwest Province, Cameroon." Bird Conservation International 4, no. 1 (March 1994): 1–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095927090000263x.

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A total of 390 bird species are known to occur in the Korup National Park (KNP) and the surrounding Korup Project Area (KPA). Although the avifauna of KNP is incompletely known, it is already among the most ornithologically diverse lowland forest sites i n Africa. The avian diversity of the KPA is increased by the montane forest bird species of the Rumpi Hills Forest Reserve (RHFR) and the Nta Ali Forest Reserve (NAFR). The lowland and montane forests of the KNP/KPA are very important to the conservation of African forest birds. Four species found in the Korup area are considered globally threatened, and four are considered near-threatened. In addition, 40 species were considered for threatened status, some of which are likely future additions to the threatened list. Twelve of Korup's 36 montane forest bird species are endemic to the montane areas of western Cameroon, eastern Nigeria, and Bioko (Fernando Po). The RHFR is especially important as a refuge for montane birds because much of the montane forest elsewhere in western Cameroon has been cleared for agriculture. Breeding phenology data are provided for many lowland forest species. Additionally, this report provides information on many rarely recorded species for western Cameroon, including several species not previously documented in the region. Kemp's Longbill Macrosphenus ketnpi was recorded for the first time in Cameroon. Because it is sympatric with the Yellow Longbill M. flavicans in Korup, additional evidence now exists for the contention that M. ketnpi and M.flavicans are separate species. The Yellow-chested Apalis Apalisflavidawas also documented for the first time in Cameroon.

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3

Forboseh, P. F., T. C. H. Sunderland, and M. Eno-Nku. "Priority setting for conservation in south-west Cameroon based on large mammal surveys." Oryx 41, no. 2 (April 2007): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605307001743.

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AbstractThe forests of the Cameroon-Nigeria transboundary region have been highlighted as a high conservation priority, yet many of the extant forest remnants remain relatively unknown, particularly with regard to the occurrence of large mammals. Between 2002 and 2004 we surveyed the large mammal fauna of the Mone and Ejagham Forest Reserves and the Upper Banyang, Nkwende Hills and Etinde forests of south-west Cameroon. Our objective was to document the extant large mammal species as an important step in the review of government priorities to identify key sites within the region for conservation and management. We reviewed the available literature on mammal distribution and then surveyed the forests for mammal and human signs. Despite a growing illegal commercial trade in wildlife, particularly for bushmeat, many sites retain populations of one or more threatened and locally rare large mammal species of significant conservation importance. Moreover, the sites collectively complement each other in terms of their representation of the threatened large mammal fauna. An emphasis on the enforcement of wildlife legislation and minimizing logging impact are of primary importance for the conservation of large mammals in these and other forest remnants in south-west Cameroon. In addition, at some sites, there already exists community interest in active wildlife management.

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4

SIMEU-NOUTCHOM, ALAIN, SEVILOR KEKEUNOU, ALAIN CHRISTEL WANDJI, MARCELLE MBADJOUN NZIKE, CHARLY OUMAROU NGOUTE, NADEGE BRIGITTE MBEZELE MESSI, and JOSEPH LEBEL TAMESSE. "Gryllotalpa weisei Simeu-Noutchom & Kekeunou sp. nov. and the first record of Gryllotalpa microptera (Chopard 1939) (Orthoptera, Gryllotalpidae) from Cameroon with redescription of the species." Zootaxa 4763, no. 1 (April 8, 2020): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4763.1.5.

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Gryllotalpa weisei Simeu-Noutchom & Kekeunou sp. nov. was collected only in Tombel in the South-West region of Cameroon, during a survey conducted from March 2016 to March 2018 in the West, South-West and Centre regions of Cameroon. This species is close to Gryllotalpa microptera, collected for the first time in Cameroon during these investigations, only in the West region. G. weisei is different from G. microptera due to the hind wings that are vestigial; average fore wings length of 5.85±0.56 mm in male and 5.34±0.45 mm in female, not reaching the fifth abdominal segment; anal end of fore wings slightly concave; a stridulatory file with 54±8.02 teeth (47–71) in average, fairly spaced, with an average of 30±5.06 teeth per millimeter; hind tibia bearing 11 spines; internal process of ectophallus quite short. G. weisei abounds in mixed crop fields, followed by cocoa agro-forests; it is scarce in grassy fallows and in forest undergrowth. G. microptera was present in all types of vegetations in Bafoussam, Babeté and Bangoulap in the West region where it has been abundant in mixed crop fields, grass-fallow and coffee agro-forest but rare in forest undergrowth.

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5

Maisels, Fiona. "Defoliation of a monodominant rain-forest tree by a noctuid moth in Gabon." Journal of Tropical Ecology 20, no. 2 (March 2004): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467403001044.

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Relatively little is known of the relationships between many lepidopteran species and their larval food plants in tropical rain forests, compared with temperate ecosystems. Species are often known only from the adult form, and the larvae and aspects of ecology, host plant, etc. are unknown (Williams 1971). Many species in the moth genus Achaea sometimes occur at high enough population densities to be defoliators, and several species are associated especially with forest trees: some are agricultural pests on groundnuts and castor oil plant (Ricinus communis) (Pinhey 1975, M. Shaw, pers. comm.). Achaea catocaloides occurs from West Africa through Uganda to East Africa (Seitz 1925) and has been recorded in interactions with ants in Cameroon (Dejean et al. 1991).

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6

Barnes, R. F. W., M. Agnagna, M. P. T. Alers, A. Blom, G. Doungoube, M. Fay, T. Masunda, J. C. Ndo Nkoumou, C. Sikubwabo Kiyengo, and M. Tchamba. "Elephants and ivory poaching in the forests of equatorial Africa." Oryx 27, no. 1 (January 1993): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300023929.

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Reconnaissance surveys were made of the forests of four central African countries to establish, for the first time, the status of forest-dwelling elephants. The results, when combined with information from previous surveys in other countries, provide a picture of the elephant situation in the forest zone, and especially the impact of poaching. About one-third of the forest elephant population of central Africa is to be found in Zaire, and about one-third in Gabon. The rest are in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, and Congo. It is poaching for ivory, rather than the growth of human populations, which threatens the elephants of the equatorial forests.

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7

Jum, C., C. Diaw, J. Nguiebouri, and M. Zoa. "Enhancing sustainable forest management in Cameroon through a model forest based approach." International Forestry Review 9, no. 4 (December 2007): 892–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/ifor.9.4.892.

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8

Songwe, Nicholas C., F. E. Fasehun, and D. U. U. Okali. "Litterfall and productivity in a tropical rain forest, Southern Baakundu Forest Reserve, Cameroon." Journal of Tropical Ecology 4, no. 1 (February 1988): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400002467.

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ABSTRACTLitterfall was measured monthly in ten 1 m2 traps in each of two 0.25 ha plots in the rain forest of Southern Bakundu Forest Reserve, Cameroon for 18 months from 1 July 1982 to 31 December 1983. Particular emphasis was placed on measuring species contributions and in relating litterfall to climatic factors; the litterfall data were also used in estimating leaf production. Annual litterfall ranged between 12.9 and 14.1 t ha−1 and was partitioned to leaves (61–66%), branches (23–38%), fruits and flowers (8–12%) and ephiphytes (0.8%). Emergents and top canopy species like Desbordesia glaucescens (evergreen) and Ceiba pentandra (deciduous) contributed more litter than the numerically dominant lower storey species like Cola lepidota and Diospyros spp. Litter fell throughout the year but was greatest during the dry season (November to March); litterfall was thus strongly negatively correlated with environmental moisture variables and could be predicted from its linear regression on time of year, throughfall and relative humidity. By correcting the leaf fall data for leaf weight losses due to grazing and re-translocation, leaf production rates of 10.2 to 11.2 t ha−1 yr−1 were estimated for the forest.

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9

Tropek, Robert, and Martin Konvicka. "Forest eternal? Endemic butterflies of the Bamenda highlands, Cameroon, avoid close-canopy forest." African Journal of Ecology 48, no. 2 (September 17, 2009): 428–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01129.x.

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Doumtsop, Armand R. P. F., Rachid Hanna, Maurice Tindo, Willy K. Tata-Hangy, Apollin K. Fotso, Komi K. M. Fiaboe, Abraham Fomena, Adolph Kemga, and Benjamin B. Normark. "Geographic distribution and abundance of the Afrotropical subterranean scale insect Stictococcus vayssierei (Hemiptera: Stictococcidae), a pest of root and tuber crops in the Congo basin." Bulletin of Entomological Research 110, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485319000658.

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AbstractStictococcus vayssierei is a major pest of root and tuber crops in central Africa. However, data on its ecology are lacking. Here we provide an updated estimate of its distribution with the aim of facilitating the sustainable control of its populations. Surveys conducted in nine countries encompassing 13 ecological regions around the Congo basin showed that African root and tuber scale was present in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and Uganda. It was not found on the sites surveyed in Chad and Nigeria. The pest occurred in the forest and the forest-savannah mosaic as well as in the savannah where it was never recorded before. However, prevalence was higher in the forest (43.1%) where cassava was the most infested crop, compared to the savannah (9.2%) where aroids (cocoyam and taro) were the most infested crops. In the forest habitat, the pest was prevalent in all but two ecological regions: the Congolian swamp forests and the Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic. In the savannah habitat, it was restricted to the moist savannah highlands and absent from dry savannahs. The scale was not observed below 277 m asl. Where present, the scale was frequently (87.1% of the sites) attended by the ant Anoplolepis tenella. High densities (>1000 scales per plant) were recorded along the Cameroon–Gabon border. Good regulatory measures within and between countries are required to control the exchange of plant materials and limit its spread. The study provides information for niche modeling and risk mapping.

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GREBENNIKOV, VASILY V., PETR BULIRSCH, and PAOLO MAGRINI. "Discovery of Antireicheia in Cameroon with description of four new species and discussion on phylogeny and distribution of endogean Reicheiina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritinae: Clivinini)." Zootaxa 2292, no. 1 (November 18, 2009): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2292.1.1.

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The endogean carabid genus Antireicheia Basilewsky, 1951, previously know from the eastern and southern Africa and Madagascar is, for the first time, reported west of the Congo basin. Four new species are described and illustrated: A. demirei sp. nov. (Cameroon: Mt. Oku), A. hintelmanni sp. nov. (Cameroon: Mt. Oku), A. deuvei sp. nov. (Cameroon: Mt. Bamboutos) and A. camerounensis sp. nov. (Cameroon: Bafut, Nguemba forest). A key to Cameroonian Antireicheia species is provided. The composition of the subtribe Reicheiina, its monophyly, world distribution, as well as zoogeographical implications of its discovery in Western Africa, are discussed.

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12

NDOUMBE BEROCK, I., and S. ONGOLO. "Why do logging companies adopt or reject forest certification in the Congo basin? Insights from Cameroon." International Forestry Review 21, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554819827293213.

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This study aims to understand, through the example of Cameroon, why industrial logging companies adopt or avoid sustainable certification or labelling systems of their forest operations in the Congo Basin region. From a methodological standpoint, the research is based on a sample of three empirical case studies of logging companies operating in Cameroon: an 'anti-certification' company (the model, due to the majority trend of non-certified logging companies in this region), a company in the process of certification (the intermediate case), and a certified company (the marginal case, due to the scarcity of certified companies in the study area). While focusing on these three cases, we chose to avoid reifying the dominant case of anti-certification companies. Hence the choice of highlighting this majority trend by carrying out a comparative study with an intermediate and a marginal case. The analysis of these three case studies reveals that the high cost of long term certification, the risks of patronage and cronyism in Patron-Client (customer-provider/boss) relationships that feature sustainable labelling processes are the main reasons for the low level of commitment of logging companies to forest certification in Cameroon. At the end of the research, we recommend that other complementary and more specific research should focus on the flaws in patron-client relationships that characterize forest certification processes on the one hand, and on the necessary conditions to avoid patronage and cronyisms risks or excesses in these relations on the other hand, especially in a poor governance context like Cameroon. Similarly, we encourage that new research be carried out to better understand whether and how transaction and opportunity costs influence the decisions of industrial logging companies in favour of or against forest certification.

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Thomas, David H. L., Susan Anders, and Nkengla Jeremiah Penn. "Conservation in the community: the Kilum-Ijim Forest Project, Cameroon." Ostrich 71, no. 1-2 (January 2000): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00306525.2000.9639898.

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Carson, Savanna L., Fabrice Kentatchime, Cyrus Sinai, Elizabeth A. Van Dyne, Eric Djomo Nana, Brian L. Cole, and Hilary A. Godwin. "Health Challenges and Assets of Forest-Dependent Populations in Cameroon." EcoHealth 16, no. 2 (May 21, 2019): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-019-01411-9.

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JONGKIND, CAREL C. H. "Two new Noronhia species (Oleaceae) from the Guineo-Congolian forests in Africa." Phytotaxa 433, no. 2 (February 17, 2020): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.2.2.

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A recent re-evaluation of the Noronhia species from the Guineo-Congolian forests resulted in a much more restricted circumscription of N. mannii. A part of the specimens excluded from N. mannii represents the two new species described here. Both new species, N. silvatica from Liberia, Ivory Coast and Ghana, and N. cameroonensis from Cameroon, have red fruits, while N. mannii has dark purplish fruits. Both new species are small trees or shrubs found in the undergrowth of evergreen forest.

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Burgess, Neil D., Colby Loucks, Sue Stolton, and Nigel Dudley. "The potential of forest reserves for augmenting the protected area network in Africa." Oryx 41, no. 2 (April 2007): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605307001895.

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AbstractThe protected area network of Africa has grown from nothing to over 2 million km2 in the past 110 years. This network covers parts of all biomes and priority areas for biodiversity conservation but protected area gaps remain, as identified at the 5th World Parks Congress in 2003. Forest reserves, managed by Forest Departments, are typically excluded from global protected area lists, but in Africa they are found in 23 countries and cover at least 549,788 km2, adding 25% to the conservation estate. Forest reserves protect 5.3% (2,027 km2) of the dry forest habitats, 5% (165,285 km2) of lowland and montane moist forests, 2.6% (364,354 km2) of savannah woodlands, 1.8% (10,561 km2) of flooded grasslands, and 1.65% (1,177 km2) of mangroves. Forest reserves also protect parts of three conservation schemes: 6.5% (61,630 km2) of BirdLife's Endemic Bird Areas, 3.4% (147,718 km2) of Conservation International's Hotpots and 3.4% (346,864 km2) of WWF's Global 200 Ecoregions. Several of the global protected area gaps identified in Africa are also covered by forest reserves, in the Eastern Arc Mountains, Eastern African coastal forests, Kenyan Highlands, Cameroon-Nigerian Mountains, West African Forests and mountain areas of Malawi, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Zambia. Some African forest reserves have a legally defined role in biodiversity conservation and are strictly protected; they thus fit criteria for protected areas. Working with forest departments in individual countries may help develop a more comprehensive protected area network without creating additional new reserves.

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SÁFIÁN, SZABOLCS, STEVE COLLINS, HAYDON WARREN-GASH, and CLAUDIO BELCASTRO. "Description of five new species of Epitola sensu lato (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Poritiinae) from West and Central Africa." Zootaxa 4981, no. 3 (June 8, 2021): 554–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.3.7.

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Five new species of Epitola s.l. (Lycaenidae: Poritiinae) are described in the genera Stempfferia Jackson, 1962 and Cephetola Libert, 1999. Stempfferia salonga sp. n. was found in the ‘Cuvette Centrale’ of the Democratic Republic of Congo and a single specimen was identified also from southern Cameroon. The similar S. buea sp. n. is known only from the unique holotype collected at the foothills of Mount Cameroon, while S. michelliberti sp. n. is distributed in lowland rainforest between southeast Ivory Coast and Guinea. The new species of Cephetola were found only in Liberia. Cephetola praecox sp. n. is known from a single upland forest locality in the Putu Range, whereas C. wologizi sp. n. was collected also in upland forest in the Wologizi Mountains.

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Knight, Alexander, Hazel M. Chapman, and Marie Hale. "Habitat fragmentation and its implications for Endangered chimpanzeePan troglodytesconservation." Oryx 50, no. 3 (July 20, 2015): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605315000332.

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AbstractTaraba State, Nigeria, is an important conservation site for the Endangered Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzeePan troglodytes ellioti. Gashaka Gumti National Park, Nigeria's largest national park and home to potentially the largest contiguous population of the Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee, spans a significant portion of the eastern sector of Taraba and the adjoining Adamawa State. South of the Park, Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve comprises two forest fragments and holds a small population of chimpanzees. We investigated the existence of patterns in population structure and dispersal within this region, using microsatellite loci extracted from non-invasive sources of DNA. Our results indicate that dispersal and thus gene flow between the groups of chimpanzees at the Park and Reserve is limited, at least more so than it is within the Park, and we identified a biased sex ratio at the Reserve, forewarning of potential conservation concerns in relation to demographic and genetic stochasticity. We discuss conservation actions that may be applicable to sustaining the population within Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve.

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CARODENUTO, S. "Access to information and local democracies: a case study of REDD+ and FLEGT/VPA in Cameroon." International Forestry Review 21, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554819827293187.

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As technological advancements in forest monitoring – such as remote sensing and commodity supply chain tracking – allow for the generation and analysis of increasingly large datasets, forest policy makers and practitioners are looking for innovative yet practical ways for information transparency to transform forest governance. Especially in tropical forest countries looking to address the continuing deforestation and forest degradation through climate finance commitments and timber trade agreements, the access to information agenda has been placed at the fore of both the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) process and the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) Action Plan. This paper explores whether and how the proposed transparency agenda is having an impact (or not) in the Southwest Region of Cameroon. Using semi-structured interviews with civil society organizations, this paper examines how information is currently disclosed in the forest sector and the status of REDD+ and FLEGT transparency agendas at the local level.

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Maisels, F., E. Keming, M. Kemei, and C. Toh. "The extirpation of large mammals and implications for montane forest conservation: the case of the Kilum-Ijim Forest, North-west Province, Cameroon." Oryx 35, no. 4 (October 2001): 322–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.2001.00204.x.

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AbstractA review was carried out of the mammalian fauna of the Kilum-Ijim forest in the mountains of northwest Cameroon. The purpose was to examine the loss of species, particularly of larger mammals, and the implications of this for forest ecology. Information was collected by direct observation, hunter interviews and a literature review. The forest is the largest remaining representative fragment of the West African montane forest habitat. Seventy-seven species of mammal have been recorded in the forest over the last 50 years. Most are small, especially rodents, bats and insectivores. Seven species are endemic to the Kilum-Ijim area. The process of species extirpation probably began over 100 years ago with the loss of the mega-fauna, possibly beginning with elephant Loxodonta africana (several generations ago), and certainly with buffalo Syncerus caffer (at least 20 years ago), and other large mammals. Remaining large mammal population densities are very low and many species are close to regional extinction. The long-term consequences of these extinctions is uncertain but, as many tree species are monkey- or ruminant-dispersed, severe ecosystem damage has probably already occurred. Human population density in the area is around 300 people per sq km, and no sustainable offtake of wild animals will ever be possible that would provide more than a few grams of meat per person per year from the forest. The protein requirements of the communities of the area will have to continue to be supplied from domesticated stock. Since 1987 the Kilum-Ijim Forest Project of BirdLife International has been working to conserve the remaining forest, using a community forestry approach in collaboration with traditional and local authorities and the government of Cameroon. The project is investigating ways to improve the production of domestic animals outside the forest boundary.

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GUILLET, BERNARD, GASTON ACHOUNDONG, JOSEPH YOUTA HAPPI, VÉRONIQUE KAMGANG KABEYENE BEYALA, JACQUES BONVALLOT, BERNARD RIERA, ANDRÉ MARIOTTI, and DOMINIQUE SCHWARTZ. "Agreement between floristic and soil organic carbon isotope (13C/12C, 14C) indicators of forest invasion of savannas during the last century in Cameroon." Journal of Tropical Ecology 17, no. 6 (November 2001): 809–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467401001614.

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In an area of savanna-forest (S-F) mosaic of Cameroon, at Kandara near Bertoua, an enclosed savanna bordered by young semi-deciduous forests was selected for detailed studies of vegetation and soil carbon isotope compositions with a view to estimating the rate of forest advance into savannas. Forest floristic composition and structure were analysed in small plots along two S-F transects and within two large stands. Tree species counts and basal area (BA) measurements gave convergent results defining (1) an edge forest with low BA values that forms an irregular strip parallel to the S-F border, (2) a large colonization zone zone composed of pioneer species (Albizia species, with individuals of very large diameter) and (3) a mature forest composed of abundant Rinorea individuals and large individuals of Triplochiton scleroxylon and Piptadeniastrum africanum. Carbon stable isotopes were deter mined from organic matter of soil profiles sampled at various depths in savanna, colonization-zone and mature forest. In the deep soil horizons (40-50 cm) of the colonization-zone profiles, δ13C values similar to those of the present savanna reveal the past existence of a large-tree savanna. In subsurface horizons (15-20 cm), δ13C values intermediate between those of savanna and mature forest prove the encroachment of the forest ecosystem on savanna. Using 14C measurements, the mean residence time (MRT) of soil organic matter of these last horizons was determined with precision owing to the atmospheric 14C pulse from nuclear bomb tests prior to 1964. By assuming an exponential age distribution of organic compounds and by taking account of MRT and remaining carbon from the savanna, the coloniza tion zone was found to be 60-80 y old. The age of the colonization zone being the same near the present savanna and near the mature forest, it seems that the forest advance was probably not a linear process but would result from the coalescence of Albizia thickets born in savanna.

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Tamungang, Simon A., Robert A. Cheke, Gilbert Z. Mofor, Richard N. Tamungang, and Fritz T. Oben. "Conservation Concern for the Deteriorating Geographical Range of the Grey Parrot in Cameroon." International Journal of Ecology 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/753294.

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The need for information on Grey Parrot distribution and vegetation associations for informed management and policy decisions was the basis for this study. A nationwide survey of the Grey Parrot population and habitat status was carried out, using questionnaire and point count methods. From the results, the extent of the contemporary range of the parrots was restricted to Southern Cameroon, which harbours the rainforest. Regional parrot population means ranged from 3,487 parrots in the Littoral to 1,351,275 parrots in the East Regions. The extent of the contemporary range as a percentage of the whole country was 25.4% and as a percentage of the regions with rainforest was 44.5%. The historic range of the bird has been reduced by over 55.5%. Estimated percentage of forest lost per region ranged from 20.4% in the Centre to 57.1% in the East and South Regions. At a global level, Cameroon contributed 9% to the total extent of the range of the Grey Parrot in Africa. The range is increasingly fragmented, contracted, and lost through land-based socioeconomic activities. These degradation pressures on the range called for urgent conservation considerations for long-term survival of the parrot species and its associated biodiversity in Cameroon.

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Whytock, Robin C., Ekwoge E. Abwe, Daniel M. Mfossa, Marcel E. Ketchen, Abwe E. Abwe, Vianny R. V. Nguimdo, Fiona Maisels, Samantha Strindberg, and Bethan J. Morgan. "Mammal distribution and trends in the threatened Ebo 'intact forest landscape', Cameroon." Global Ecology and Conservation 31 (November 2021): e01833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01833.

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Hofer, Ulrich, Hannes Baur, and Louis-Félix Bersier. "Ecology of Three Sympatric Species of the Genus Chamaeleo in a Tropical Upland Forest in Cameroon." Journal of Herpetology 37, no. 1 (March 2003): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1670/0022-1511(2003)037[0203:eotsso]2.0.co;2.

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Mahmoud, Mahmoud I., Mason J. Campbell, Sean Sloan, Mohammed Alamgir, and William F. Laurance. "Land-cover change threatens tropical forests and biodiversity in the Littoral Region, Cameroon." Oryx 54, no. 6 (August 29, 2019): 882–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605318000881.

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AbstractTropical forest regions in equatorial Africa are threatened with degradation, deforestation and biodiversity loss as a result of land-cover change. We investigated historical land-cover dynamics in unprotected forested areas of the Littoral Region in south-western Cameroon during 1975–2017, to detect changes that may influence this important biodiversity and wildlife area. Processed Landsat imagery was used to map and monitor changes in land use and land cover. From 1975 to 2017 the area of high-value forest landscapes decreased by c. 420,000 ha, and increasing forest fragmentation caused a decline of c. 12% in the largest patch index. Conversely, disturbed vegetation, cleared areas and urban areas all expanded in extent, by 32% (c. 400,000 ha), 5.6% (c. 26,800 ha) and 6.6% (c. 78,631 ha), respectively. The greatest increase was in the area converted to oil palm plantations (c. 26,893 ha), followed by logging and land clearing (c. 34,838 ha), all of which were the major factors driving deforestation in the study area. Our findings highlight the increasing threats facing the wider Littoral Region, which includes Mount Nlonako and Ebo Forest, both of which are critical areas for regional conservation and the latter a proposed National Park and the only sizable area of intact forest in the region. Intact forest in the Littoral Region, and in particular at Ebo, merits urgent protection.

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BASSET, YVES, HENRI-PIERRE ABERLENC, and GERARD DELVARE. "Abundance and stratification of foliage arthropods in a lowland rain forest of Cameroon." Ecological Entomology 17, no. 4 (November 1992): 310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1992.tb01063.x.

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Cosson, Jean-Francois. "Captures of Myonycteris torquata (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in Forest Canopy in South Cameroon." Biotropica 27, no. 3 (September 1995): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2388925.

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Newbery, D. McC, and J. S. Gartlan. "A structural analysis of rain forest at Korup and Douala–Edea, Cameroon." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 104 (1996): 177–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000006138.

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SynopsisDiameter frequency distributions (dfds) of 197 tree species in Korup National Park and 118 tree species in Douala–Edea Forest Reserve (based onc.41 000 and 25 000 trees ≥ 30 cm gbh in 135 and 104 plots along four transects at each site, respectively) were individually classified into four groups of species according to their maximum diameters (≥99% trees <50, <70 and <90cm dbh, and > 1% ≥90cm dbh), and separated into two abundance classes (n≥50 andn= 20–49 (or 15–49). A fifth group, from those species in 3 and 4, was defined by a relative lack of small stems and given detailed attention. Dfds were evaluated for all species together on a transect and site basis, and compared for individual species across transects, and between sites for those group 5 species in common.Analysis focussed on three large ectomycorrhizal species in groups 3 and 4,Microberlinia bisulcata, Tetraberlinia bifoliolataandT. moreliana(Caesalpiniaceae), which were restricted to, and dominated, the forest on the nutrient-poor soils of transect P at Korup.M. bisulcata, the most abundant, was markedly group 5 in character, with very few small trees, whilst theTetraberliniaspecies had strong replacement potential. Although there were 27 species (42% of groups 3 & 4) at Korup and 19 (48%) at Douala–Edea in group 5,M. bisulcatawas unique in its combination of large size, dfd, mycorrhizal habit, spatial distribution and soil association. The potential replacement of this species was contrasted also with a non-ectomycorrhizal caesalp with similar dfd that occurred on nutrient-richer soils,Erythrophleum ivorense.Knowledge of the Caesalpiniaceae-richla forêt biafriéeneof Letouzey (which includes Korup and Douala–Edea) is reviewed, and the distribution, ecology and regeneration of the caesalps discussed. Structure and inferred dynamics of the forest at Korup are discussed with special regard to the ectomycorrhizal species.

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Vincens, A., M. A. Dubois, B. Guillet, G. Achoundong, G. Buchet, V. Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala, C. de Namur, and B. Riera. "Pollen-rain–vegetation relationships along a forest–savanna transect in southeastern Cameroon." Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 110, no. 3-4 (July 2000): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-6667(00)00009-9.

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Getzin, Stephan, Martin Worbes, Thorsten Wiegand, and Kerstin Wiegand. "Size dominance regulates tree spacing more than competition within height classes in tropical Cameroon." Journal of Tropical Ecology 27, no. 1 (December 17, 2010): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467410000453.

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Abstract:Does competition prevail in large size classes of trees in tropical forests? This question is fundamental to our understanding of the demography and dynamics occurring in rain forests. We investigated this question based on an undisturbed late-secondary forest on a 1-ha plot in central Cameroon. Trees were stem-mapped and classified into three size classes: understorey, midstorey and overstorey. The diameter at breast height and yearly biomass increment were determined as measures of plant growth and performance. Spatial statistics such as pair- and mark-correlation functions were used to detect scale-dependent patterns that could be caused by competition within and between the three size classes. The results revealed a random pattern and spatially uncorrelated measures of plant growth of overstorey trees. This suggests that competitive effects are of minor importance in the large size class of overstorey trees. Likewise, only weak evidence for competition between trees was found within the two lower size classes. However, negative distance correlations were found between the different size classes. We suggest that competition within height classes was relatively low due to the diversity of species with their variable niche differentiations and phenotypic plasticity that may compensate for competitive effects.

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Achoundong, G., and Jean-Michel Onana. "Allexis zygomorpha (Violaceae): A New Species from the Littoral Forest of Cameroon." Kew Bulletin 53, no. 4 (1998): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4118897.

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TCHAMBA, MARTIN N., and PROSPER M. SEME. "Diet and feeding behaviour of the forest elephant in the Santchou Reserve, Cameroon." African Journal of Ecology 31, no. 2 (June 1993): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1993.tb00529.x.

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Nneji, Lotanna Micah, Adeniyi Charles Adeola, Agboola Okeyoyin, Abiodun Biodun Onadeko, Edem Archibong Eniang, Akindele Oluwatosin Adeyi, Segun Olayinka Oladipo, et al. "First record of Foulassi Screeching Frog, Arthroleptis adelphus (Perret, 1966) (Anura, Arthroleptidae, Arthroleptinae), from Nigeria, with notes on its phylogenetic position." Check List 15, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/15.2.253.

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We report the first known occurrence of the Foulassi Screeching Frog, Arthroleptis adelphus (Perret, 1966), from Nigeria. A specimen of A. adelphus was collected during herpetological survey work conducted in Cross River National Park, south-eastern Nigeria. Morphometrics and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene confirm identity of the specimen. Matrilineal genealogy reveals a sister relationship of A. adelphus from Nigeria with individuals from south-western Cameroon. Genetic analysis further shows geographic structuring and divergence among populations of A. adelphus from the Guineo–Congolian forest region. We offer updates to the IUCN geographic range of A. adelphus.

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MUKETE, B. "HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS AND FOREST RESOURCES DEPENDENCE IN THE RUMPI HILLS OF CAMEROON." Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 16, no. 3 (2018): 2755–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1603_27552779.

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Jum, C., and P. R. Oyono. "Building Collaboration through Action Research: The Case of Ottotomo Forest Reserve in Cameroon." International Forestry Review 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/ifor.7.1.37.64160.

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POULSEN, JOHN R., CONNIE J. CLARK, and THOMAS B. SMITH. "Seed dispersal by a diurnal primate community in the Dja Reserve, Cameroon." Journal of Tropical Ecology 17, no. 6 (November 2001): 787–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467401001602.

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Multiple species of primate disperse seeds and differentially contribute to the seed rain in tropical forests. The goal of this study was to examine seed dispersal by a primate community of five monkey and two ape species in the Dja Reserve, Cameroon. The density of primates in the reserve was calculated to be 77 individuals km-2. Analysis of 5789 faecal clumps demonstrated that 40% of monkey and 74% of ape faecal clumps possessed whole seeds. Six of the seven focal species acted as seed dispersers; faecal clumps passed by the black-and-white colobus (Colobus guereza) did not contain any whole seeds during the study. Seed passage trials on four captive monkey species showed monkeys to have an average seed passage time of 22 hours and defecation rate of five times per day. From the above results, the primate community was estimated to defecate 1129 seeds km-2 d-1. Seeds passed by the primate community came from 125 species of trees, lianas and shrubs, equivalent to at least 34% of the known tree flora. Rarefaction curves indicated that additional collection effort would identify more seed species passed by primates. Germination studies demonstrated that primate-passed seeds are viable. The number of seeds and plant species dispersed suggests that the primate community plays an important role in the maintenance of forest structure.

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Bobo, K. Serge, Matthias Waltert, N. Moses Sainge, John Njokagbor, Heleen Fermon, and Michael Mühlenberg. "From Forest to Farmland: Species Richness Patterns of Trees and Understorey Plants along a Gradient of Forest Conversion in Southwestern Cameroon." Biodiversity and Conservation 15, no. 13 (June 3, 2006): 4097–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-005-3368-6.

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38

A., Valery Binda, and Theodore B. Mayaka. "Occupancy and Conservation Prospects of Endemic Banded Wattle-Eye Platysteira laticincta in the Kilum–Ijim Community Forest, Northwestern Cameroon." Tropical Conservation Science 12 (January 2019): 194008291988288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082919882884.

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The banded wattle-eye bird species, BWE ( Platysteira laticincta) is rare, endangered, and endemic to the Bamenda Highlands, Western Cameroon. Kilum–Ijim Community Forest is its last stronghold. Little is known about BWE’s distribution and habitat requirements—the present baseline study aimed at reducing this knowledge gap. Bird occurrence—using call playback technique—and vegetation variables were recorded in 50-m radius sampling plots placed in the altitude range 2,100 to 2,800 m. The BWE occurred at 43 (35%) of 123 plots mostly within Kilum sector of the Community Forest, at altitude range 2,168 to 2,707 m. The log-odds of BWE occurrence significantly (a) increased with canopy height, herb relative abundance, bare soil relative abundance, and shrub relative abundance and (b) decreased with altitude and understory height. These results suggest that the BWE may prefer forest areas at lower altitude with more bare ground and denser undergrowth cover. The implications for BWE conservation are discussed.

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Reif, Jiří, Ondřej Sedláčk, David Hořák, Jan Riegert, Michal Pešata, Záboj Hrázský, and Stěpán Janeček. "Habitat preferences of birds in a montane forest mosaic in the Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon." Ostrich 78, no. 1 (March 2007): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ostrich.2007.78.1.5.49.

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40

Bekhuis, Patricia D. B. M., Christine B. De Jong, and Herbert H. T. Prins. "Diet selection and density estimates of forest buffalo in Campo-Ma’an National Park, Cameroon." African Journal of Ecology 46, no. 4 (December 2008): 668–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00956.x.

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41

Fotso, Roger C. "Seasonal breeding in birds and its implications for the conservation of biodiversity in the Oku region, Cameroon." Bird Conservation International 6, no. 4 (December 1996): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900001830.

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SummaryThe breeding activity of birds in the Oku region of Cameroon appears to be highly seasonal, with the majority of species breeding exclusively during the months of the dry season, November to April. Forest fires, which in the dry season often destroy large areas of suitable habitat, are likely to strongly influence nest failures in many species, including some endemic and endangered ones.

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42

Morgan, Bethan J., John Ngu Suh, and Ekwoge E. Abwe. "Attempted Predation by Nigeria-Cameroon Chimpanzees(Pan troglodytes ellioti)on Preusss Red Colobus(Procolobus preussi)in the Ebo Forest, Cameroon." Folia Primatologica 83, no. 3-6 (2012): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000339813.

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43

Bobo, K. Serge, Matthias Waltert, Heleen Fermon, John Njokagbor, and Michael Mühlenberg. "From Forest to Ffarmland: Butterfly Diversity and Habitat Associations Along a Gradient of Forest Conversion in Southwestern Cameroon." Journal of Insect Conservation 10, no. 1 (March 2006): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10841-005-8564-x.

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44

Tchoumbou, Mélanie A., Elikwo F. N. Malange, Claire T. Tiku, Brice Tibab, Jerome Fru-Cho, Timoléon Tchuinkam, Julius Awah-Ndukum, Damian Anong Nota, and Ravinder N. M. Sehgal. "Response of Understory Bird Feeding Groups to Deforestation Gradient in a Tropical Rainforest of Cameroon." Tropical Conservation Science 13 (January 2020): 194008292090697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082920906970.

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Birds are crucial in maintaining the balance of many ecosystems and provide various ecological services. Understanding their sensitivity to human disturbances should be prioritized in understudy areas for effective conservation practices. Using mist nets, this study characterized mostly understory bird communities (insectivorous, frugivorous, granivorous, and nectarivorous birds) in three habitat types (pristine forest, selectively logged forest, and young oil palm plantation) in the Talangaye rainforest, Southwest Cameroon. A total of 845 birds belonging to 27 families and 85 species were recorded in the three habitats after 294 h of mist netting. Overall, the mist-netted community was largely dominated by insectivores, followed by frugivores, nectarivores, granivores, and carnivores. Although mean species richness, abundance, and Simpson diversity index did not vary significantly among habitat types, mean species abundance and diversity index decreased in selectively logged forest and young oil palm plantation and species richness increased in both habitats. The species richness, abundance, and diversity index for insectivorous and frugivorous birds were lowest in the young oil palm plantations. For granivores, species richness and abundance increased following selective logging and the establishment of oil palm plantation. The highest mean species richness and diversity index in nectarivores were recorded in the young oil palm plantations. The study showed that selective logging and establishment of oil palm plantation had variable effects on the bird communities in the Talangaye rainforest. Also, the frugivorous birds appeared to be more sensitive to both types of disturbances, while the insectivores were more sensitive to habitat loss/conversion.

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Foahom, B. "Preliminary investigations on insect pest attacks in a disturbed evergreen forest of south Cameroon." International Forestry Review 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/ifor.6.2.195.38396.

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46

Gartlan, J. Stephen, and Thomas T. Struhsaker. "Polyspecific associations and niche separation of rain-forest anthropoids in Cameroon, West Africa." Journal of Zoology 168, no. 2 (August 20, 2009): 221–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1972.tb01348.x.

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47

Chia, E. L., D. Hubert, S. Carudenuto, and O. Sene. "Evolution in the Enabling Factors for Transformational Change in Forestry and Land Use Policy Processes: The Case Of Redd+ in Cameroon." International Forestry Review 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554819825863762.

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To mitigate climate change through forestry and land use, countries are expected to shift away from policies and practices that drive deforestation to ones that reduce forest loss. This paper draws on political economy concepts to assess the evolution in the enabling measures for transformational change in forestry and land use policy processes in Cameroon. The findings indicate that actors have diverse stances on the capacity of existing policy measures to guarantee transformational change. The policy environment has evolved with proposals on institutional arrangements and policy reforms that are far from concrete reforms as expected. There is significant room for fine-tuning proposed policy and institutional reforms to enable Cameroon respond to its international emission reduction commitments. For example, putting forward clear-cut incentive and regulatory mechanisms; enhance and create new anti-deforestation coalitions; generate concrete specific/tailored sector ideas and information; and enhance negotiations between sectoral interests. However, these can only be achieved in the long-term with continuous support.

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48

Quintanar, Alejandro, Patricia Barberá, Diosdado Nguema, Vicent Medjibe, Zoë A. Goodwin, Jean Michel Onana, Sydney T. Ndolo Ebika, Corneille E. N. Ewango, Jean Marie Moutsamboté, and David J. Harris. "Lurking in the Shadows: A New Species of Drypetes (Putranjivaceae) from Central Africa Hiding in Forest Plots and Herbaria." Novon, A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 29 (March 5, 2021): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3417/2020637.

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Here we publish a new species of forest tree of the genus Drypetes Vahl (Putranjivaceae), D. umbricola D. J. Harris & Quintanar, which has a wide distribution in Central Africa (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and Republic of the Congo). It is known from 70 herbarium collections and additional sterile plot vouchers. A differential diagnosis, detailed morphological description, photographs, an illustration, and information about its habitat, distribution, and conservation status are provided.

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Macdonald, Jannette A., PauL Eggleton, David E. Bignell, Francis Forzi, and David Fowler. "Methane emission by termites and oxidation by soils, across a forest disturbance gradient in the Mbalmayo Forest Reserve, Cameroon." Global Change Biology 4, no. 4 (April 1998): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00163.x.

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Ambrose-Oji, B. "The contribution of NTFPs to the livelihoods of the 'forest poor': evidence from the tropical forest zone of south-west Cameroon." International Forestry Review 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/ifor.5.2.106.17420.

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